Bibliografie tematiche / Department of Afro-American Studies

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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Department of Afro-American Studies"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 29 luglio 2024

Ultima modifica: 31 luglio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Department of Afro-American Studies"

Reid-Merritt, Patricia. "Temple University’s African American Studies PhD Program @ 30: Assessing the Asante Affect". Journal of Black Studies 49, n. 6 (18 luglio 2018): 559–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021934718786221.

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Temple University’s Department of Africology and African American Studies is celebrating its 30th year of operation as a PhD program. Since its inception in l988, the doctoral program at Temple has attracted and produced world-class scholars in the discipline of Africology. Initially started by students at San Francisco State University in l968 as Black Studies, the field has been called by many names, including Afro-American Studies, African American Studies, African World Studies, Africana Studies, Pan African Studies, and Africology. As this modern-day field of study marks its 50th anniversary, it is important that we examine the impact of the 30-year history of the establishment of the first PhD program in Black Studies in the nation, founded at Temple University in the City of Philadelphia. This article offers a preliminary assessment of the far-reaching impact of Temple’s academic leadership in establishing a fundamental base for innovative scholarship and the maturing of the discipline of Africology. More specifically, it focuses on Molefi Kete Asante’s influence, his vision for the discipline, and his extraordinary impact on the field of Africology.

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Hermansen, Marcia K. "Trends in Islamic Studies in the United States and Canada since the 1970s". American Journal of Islam and Society 10, n. 1 (1 aprile 1993): 96–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v10i1.2527.

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Islamic studies, like women's studies, Afro-American studies, orJudaic studies, is a field defined by subject matter rather than a particularscholarly tradition or disciplinary appmch. However, in m t m t to mostof these other fields, there is scarcely a department of Islamic studies inCanada or the United States.' Most Islamic studies positions are foundwithin departments of religious studies and in area studies centers, althoughwithin the latter they are not generally taught by scholars whosetraining had a major emphasis on studies of the Islamic religion. It ismisleading to conclude that the study of Islam takes place solely withinMiddle East area studies programs, for at this junctm scholarship focusingon Muslims in other parts of Asia, on Muslim minorities generally,and on Muslims in North America in particular, is a growing trend.In terms of scholarly heritage, most of those pursuing Islamic studiesface the same concern felt by the area specialist or the historian of teligion.In some respects area studies and religious studies have faced similarchallenges. For instance, both foster eclectic theoretical orientationsthat can result in either creative synthesis or superficial or "trendy" applicationsof the latest methodologies. Both face common dangers: that thecollection and description of data will displace theoretical concerns; the ...

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Beliso-De Jesus, Aisha Mahina. "Religion in the Closet: Heterosecularisms and Police-Practitioners of African Diaspora Religions". Journal of Africana Religions 11, n. 1 (gennaio 2023): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jafrireli.11.1.0001.

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Abstract Drawing on ethnography with police officers in the United States, this article explores the policing of Africana, Afro-Latinx, and diaspora religions. This article demonstrates how state secularism is involved in the simultaneous gendering and racializing of African diaspora religions as criminal and deviant. It illuminates the white-Christian Protestantism underlying the police state’s secularism. By exploring how police officers who secretly practice African diaspora religions see themselves as being “in the closet” to their departments, it demonstrates how white-Christianity and heteronormativity are implicit to American secularist policing, what I term here heterosecularism.

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Bell, Bernard W. "Passing on the Radical Legacy of Black Studies at the University of Massachusetts: The W.E.B. Du Bois Department of Afro-American Studies, 1968–1971". Journal of African American Studies 16, n. 1 (16 aprile 2011): 89–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12111-011-9174-1.

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Cristian, Réka M., Zoltán Dragon e András Lénárt. "Studies of the Americas". Ad Americam 21 (30 settembre 2020): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/adamericam.21.2020.21.03.

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The article surveys the development and the current status of American, Latin-American, and Inter-American Studies at the University of Szeged with special focus on the research fields and publications of the faculty members from the Department of American Studies, Hispanic Studies, and the Inter-American Research Center of the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences.

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Pechatnov, V. O. "American Studies". MGIMO Review of International Relations, n. 5(38) (28 ottobre 2014): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2014-5-38-131-135.

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The "Founding fathers" of American Studies at MGIMO are considered to be A.V. Efimov and L.I. Clove. Alexey Efimov - Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences since 1938, Head of the Department of Modern and Contemporary History and Dean of the Historical School at the Moscow State University - one of the first professors of the Faculty of International Relations MGIMO. Efimov distinguished himself by a broad vision and scope of scientific interests. Back in 1934 he published a monograph "On the history of capitalism in the United States," which initiated a series of research culminating in the fundamental work "The United States. The path of capitalist development (pre-imperialist era)". Alexey was not only a great scientist but also a great teacher, whose lectures was popular throughout Moscow. His lecture courses, given at the end of the 1940s at MGIMO, became the basis for the first post-war history textbooks USA - "Essays on the history of the United States." At least as colorful a figure was Professor Leo Izrailevich Zubok - a man of unusual destiny. As a teenager he emigrated to the United States with his parents, where he soon joined the American revolutionary movement in the 1920s and was forced to leave the country. He came to MGIMO being already an experienced scientists. His research interests were very wide: from the study of American foreign policy expansion to the history of the labor movement in the United States. Zubok's fundamental works still have not lost its scientific significance. He has successfully combined scientific work with teaching. Tutorials that are based on his lectures were very popular not only among students of MGIMO.

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Le, Emily, e Sheila Sy. "Incorporating Community Engagement into Asian American Studies Curriculum Reform". AAPI Nexus Journal: Policy, Practice, and Community 16, n. 1-2 (23 settembre 2019): 137–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36650/nexus16.1-2_137-152_lesy.

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This article examines the assessment of the UCLA Asian American studies program and resulting curriculum reform that was put into effect as of Fall 2013. The essay will discuss the context leading up to the 2013 curriculum reform, including the 2011 UCLA Asian American Studies Curriculum Assessment Project, the departmental curriculum restructure process, the most recent Academic Senate program review, and initial response to the community engagement courses. This serves as a case study of curriculum reform that successfully addressed the needs of the students, met Academic Senate requirements, and returned the department to the original principle of service through community engagement and partnerships.

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Cleary, Joe. "The English Department as Imperial Commonwealth, or The Global Past and Global Future of English Studies". boundary 2 48, n. 1 (1 febbraio 2021): 139–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01903659-8821461.

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Though canons and faculty have greatly diversified in recent decades, English departments around the world fundamentally prioritize English and American literatures. To this extent, they resemble the Anglo-American imperial commonwealths that some toward the end of the nineteenth century advocated for in order to stave off the decline of the British Empire and to shore up a permanent Anglo-American supremacy against all threats. Still, as the English language becomes “global,” English departments today founder for a variety of reasons and convey a persistent sense of crisis. Has the time come radically to decolonize the English department, not only at the level of curriculum but also in terms of its basic organizational structures to facilitate the study of anglophone literatures now planetary in reach? If so, how might this best be achieved in the British and American core countries and also in the more peripheral regions of Anglophonia?

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Nakanishi, Don T., Brandy Liên Worrall-Yu, Russell C. Leong e Don T. Nakanishi. "Crossing Borders: 35 Years of Asian American Studies and the New UCLA Department of Asian American Studies". Amerasia Journal 30, n. 3 (gennaio 2004): iii—xvii. http://dx.doi.org/10.17953/amer.30.3.r162647057857n0h.

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Powers, M. Karen, e Catherine Chaput. "“Anti-American Studies” in the Deep South:". College Composition & Communication 58, n. 4 (1 giugno 2007): 648–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.58680/ccc20075926.

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Using Frederic Jameson, we outline concentric circles of the political unconscious structuring debates about academic freedom at the national and state levels. By drawing parallels between the World War I university and the contemporary university, we suggest that such circles function historically, always bearing traces of an earlier time. To illustrate implications at one local site, we discuss the “Anti-American Studies” fliers repeatedly posted in our department and end by emphasizing the importance of using critical writing pedagogies to encourage opportunities for dissenting rhetorics.

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Tesi sul tema "Department of Afro-American Studies"

Landry, Monica. "Women at work in an American retail department store". Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1591603.

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The rapid growth of the retail economy has created an abundance of low wage work. The retail sector often employs black and Latina women in low middle management and part-time positions while, white men and women hold top managerial and human resource positions. Consequently, a distinctive pattern of inequality emerges for women of color in retail work. Utilizing data from 20 in-depth interviews, I find black and Latina women's raises and promotions are stifled by the surveillance and bodily control they encounter on the retail floor. This study explores the simultaneous ways race, gender, class and body type intersect to place women of color in subordinate positions within the workforce. Moreover, this research provides insight into how the "white racial frame" is used to exploit women of color by both white management and the self-surveillance women of color conduct onto their own bodies.

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Kong, Io Chun. "Chay Yew's Whitelands Trilogy : the queer hyphen in Asian(-)American identity". Thesis, University of Macau, 2009. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2456328.

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Rico, Florentino Antonio. "Emergency department capacity planning for a pandemic scenario : nurse allocation". [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0003245.

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Nelson, Audrea Maria. "Exploring the Lack of African Americans in the Department of Defense Senior Executive Service Corps". ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1797.

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There is a lack of African American representation in the Department of Defense's (DoD's) Senior Executive Service (SES) Corps. In 2011, only 11.4% of the DoD's SES members were African American. This disparate representation is problematic because it contradicts the creation of a diverse workforce, which in turn limits opportunities for African Americans to join the elite DoD SES Corps. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the perceptions of 9 African American SES members in the Office of the Secretary of Defense, Defense Agencies, and Defense Field Activities to determine factors contributing to their promotions into the SES Corps. The theoretical framework for this study included Burns and Bass conceptualization of transformational leadership, as well as the social learning theories of Bandura and Vygotsky. A snowball sampling technique was used to recruit the participants for face-to-face or telephone interviews. The interview questions focused on the attributes participants perceived as influencing their career progression into the SES. Upon transcribing interview data, an open coding process was used to categorize information collected followed by thematic analysis to facilitate further understanding. Findings indicate that professional qualities such as the ability to perform core executive functions, training, and education contributed to their SES progression. Furthermore, transformational leadership was perceived as being important in SES service. The implications for positive social change stemming from this study include direct recommendations to DoD human resource directors to capitalize on current African American leaders to serve as mentors to emerging leaders in a way that is consistent with transformational leadership.

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Khlifi, Abdmalek S. "Etiological characterization of emergency department acute poisoning". [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002475.

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Tessier, Stacy. "Developing Feminist Activist Pedagogy: A Case Study Approach in the Women's Studies Department at the University of South Florida". [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002947.

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Pagano, Jennifer Hoolhorst. "The evolution of Sunset Magazine's cooking department: The accommodation of men's and women's cooking in the 1930s". Scholarly Commons, 2019. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3575.

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The Western regional magazine Sunset has been published under a series of owners and publishers since 1898. In 1928, Sunset was purchased by Lawrence Lane, a Midwestern magazine executive who transformed it from a failing turn-of-the-century, general interest publication about the West, into a successful magazine about living in the West for the Western middle-class. Sunset had always been a magazine for men and women, and one that appealed to both male and female intellectuals at the time Lane purchased it. Lane and his editors attempted to interject more rigid middle-class ideals into a magazine that had espoused ideas that were progressive and less structured. Lane's new strategy to compartmentalize Sunset's content into its four categories—gardening, the home, cooking, and travel—resulted in a magazine that was conventionally gendered. Tension due to this shift played out in the publication's new cooking department. This thesis traces the development of Sunset's cooking department between 1928 and 1938 under the direction of its creator and founding editor Genevieve Callahan through the examination and analysis of Sunset cooking features and oral histories. The original department, structured to model a middle-class domestic ideology, did not accommodate all of Sunset's readers. The Western intellectualism of pre-Lane readers and their tendency to be less bound by conventional gender roles in the kitchen carried over into Sunset's cooking department via reader recipe contributions. These Western cooks included men and women whose foodways deviated from that of the typical middle-class housewife. Callahan experimented throughout the cooking department's first decade by shifting its editorial framework and softening her home economics rigidity to create a department that was inclusive of women and men who cooked both inside and outside the kitchen. The changes made to the department over that decade illustrate how editorial experimentation reconciled a new middle-class-oriented cooking department to accommodate Western cooks less apt to model traditional gender roles.

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Davison, Camon. "West Point of the West: A History of the Department of Military Science at Utah State University". DigitalCommons@USU, 2016. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/5032.

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The Department of the Military Science at Utah State University was created in 1898 and is the oldest department at USU. Until the mid-1950s it was mandatory that all male students be enrolled in Military training at the school and, if they so decided, would finish up the last two years of military training to become officers in the United States Military. This program is known as ROTC. Fully implemented at USU in 1916 the ROTC program continued to grow and would help fund the growth of campus during the 1920’s and 30’s. Following World War II the program became the largest ROTC unit in the nation and was nicknamed “West Point of the West”. The school produced more officers than any other college besides the Military Academy at West Point. The documentary film that I made follows the history of Utah State University from its founding in 1888 to the modern day research University of today. Using interviews of past and current ROTC cadets as well as the experts on the history of USU and ROTC, the film weaves the history of the expansion of the USU campus and the role that the Army ROTC unit had in the school’s development. Much of my research was done in special collections at the USU library where many of the photos for the film were found. Some of my research took me to the National Archives and the Library of Congress which proved to be invaluable when finding early military photos and documents. A total budget cost of USD$10,000 was spent on camera gear, travel expenses, drone footage, and digital storage solutions. The film was fully funded, written, shot, edited, and finished by myself and took 1 ½ years to make from start to finish. The end result is a 53-minute documentary delivered on a Blu Ray disk, the film is also accessible to the public via online streaming.

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Russo, Teresa A. "Factors affecting the process of clinical decision-making in pediatric pain management by Emergency Department nurses". Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1756.

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The purpose of this mixed methods study was to describe the cognitive processes/knowledge sources used by Emergency Department (ED) nurses in decision-making activities regarding triage and pediatric pain assessment and management. Deficiencies persist in ED pediatric pain assessment, and management methods or approaches that might help resolve these deficiencies have not been identified previously. Methodology triangulation with sequential use of qualitative- quantitative methods provided a rich description of knowledge sources and cognitive processes used by ED nurses relative to pediatric pain assessment decisions. Based on qualitative results, a set of vignettes was developed to assess ED nurses. Data analysis using ordinal logistic regression with a cumulative logit model identified patient and nurse variables which influence triage acuity decisions. Five common themes emerged from the qualitative data; 1) Age of the child is important, 2) Behavior can tell a lot, 3) Really looking at the patient, 4) Things that help make decisions, and 5) Things that hinder decisions. Ordinal logistic regression analysis of the quantitative data identified predictor variables of infants compared to school-age children, Hispanic ethnicity, moderate number of years of ED experience (11 -20 years) and years of education that were associated with higher triage levels .The implications of this new knowledge include changes in ED triage nurse practice towards pain assessment, and increased awareness of the need for education in use of pain assessment tools. Additional implications include education related to pain management practices by ED physicians and pain medication protocols at triage. This information may enhance triage and care of the pediatric patient experiencing pain, expand the knowledge base of emergency nursing, identify areas in which to implement changes, assist in improving care provided to children experiencing pain, and provide direction for future education, training, and research.

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Cole, Kimberley W. "Principal Investigator and Department Administrator Perceptions of Services Provided by Offices of Research Administration at Research Universities". Scholar Commons, 2010. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1602.

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The purpose of this research study was to determine what service attributes were perceived as important factors for a successful Office of Research Administration (ORA) to provide to principal investigators and department administrators. Initially established more than 50 years ago, The Office of Research Administration (ORA) has evolved into an integral component for the fiscal sustainability of many institutions of higher education. Existing performance metrics based on financial measures do not sufficiently capture the quality of the level of service demands placed on the ORA by the two internal user groups. The conceptual basis of the Balanced Scorecard modified for the non-profit sector served as the theoretical framework. The study involved 668 respondents (433 principal investigators and 235 department administrators) from 72 research universities. Principal investigators and department administrators agreed on 18 service items as important performance metrics for successful Offices of Research Administration. However, the two groups did vary somewhat in the degree of importance of these 18 service items. Four services, responding to email and phone messages within 24-48 hours, easy access to forms, and timely setup of the internal award account were identified as priority factors by greater than 90 percent of the principal investigators. In addition to these four items, another six items-trainings for new employees and training updates for existing employees, equal treatment by the ORA, easy access to policies, and promoting a team effort approach to research-were identified as prior factors by greater than 90% of the department administrators. Demographics did not display a significant relationship in the perceptions of either group. Principal investigators did display a higher satisfaction for level of performance for the items of importance, especially related to the priority factors at their current institutions.

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Libri sul tema "Department of Afro-American Studies"

Dept, State University College at Buffalo African American Studies. Selected files from the African American Studies Department, 1969-1989, Buffalo State College, Buffalo, New York. Buffalo, N.Y: [s.n.], 1988.

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San Francisco State University. Asian American Studies Dept. At 40: Asian American studies @ San Francisco State : self-determination, community, student service. San Francisco, CA: Asian American Studies Dept., San Francisco State University, 2009.

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Jackson, LaVonne. Introduction to Afro-American studies. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall/Hunt Pub. Co., 2003.

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Michèle, Williams Rhonda, a cura di. Introductory readings in Afro-American studies. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall/Hunt Pub. Co., 1995.

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Thackery, David T. Case studies in Afro-American genealogy. Chicago: Newberry Library, 1989.

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Northern Illinois University. Dept. of Library and Information Studies. Department of Library and Information Studies, Northern Illinois University: Self-study report for the Committee on Accreditation of the American Library Association. DeKalb, Il: The Dept., 1988.

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M, Love John, RMC Research Corporation e United States. Dept. of Education. Office of Policy and Planning., a cura di. Transitions to kindergarten in American schools: Final report of the national transition study : final report to the Office of Policy and Planning, U.S. Department of Education, contract no. LC88089001. Portsmouth, N.H. (1000 Market St., Portsmouth 03801): The Corporation, 1992.

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Reiter, Bernd, e John Antón Sánchez. Routledge Handbook of Afro-Latin American Studies. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003159247.

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Wolff, Robert Paul. Autobiography of an ex-white man: Learning a new master narrative for America. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press, 2005.

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Liou, Nina. Historically black colleges and universities: Three case studies of experiences in community development. Washington, D.C: United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Policy Development & Research, 2007.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Department of Afro-American Studies"

Blanga, Yehuda. "The Butterfly Effect: The Influence of the Nixon Administration’s Preoccupation with Vietnam on Sadat’s February 1971 Proposal to Reopen the Suez Canal". In Palgrave Studies in Maritime Politics and Security, 43–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15670-0_3.

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AbstractThe purpose of the present chapter is to investigate Sadat's February 1971 political initiative and the United States' and Israel's response to it. Its main objective is to examine how processes within the inner American arena have influenced the formation of the Israeli policy toward Sadat's diplomatic initiative. In other words, how the two-headed nature of the American foreign policy—the State Department versus the White House—regarding the Middle East and the Vietnam War influenced the decision-making process in Israel.

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Antón Sánchez, John. "Afro-Ecuadorian Studies". In Routledge Handbook of Afro-Latin American Studies, 385–97. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003159247-40.

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Vergara Figueroa, Aurora, e Yoseth Ariza-Araújo. "Afro-Colombian Studies". In Routledge Handbook of Afro-Latin American Studies, 408–15. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003159247-42.

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Joseph Garzón, Gersán A. "Afro-Panamanian Studies". In Routledge Handbook of Afro-Latin American Studies, 416–23. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003159247-43.

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Mosquera-Vallejo, Yilver. "Afro-Latin American Geography". In Routledge Handbook of Afro-Latin American Studies, 119–26. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003159247-12.

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Johnson, Ollie A. "“Afro-Latin American Politics”". In Routledge Handbook of Afro-Latin American Studies, 110–18. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003159247-11.

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Allain, Jacqueline. "Afro French Antillean Studies". In Routledge Handbook of Afro-Latin American Studies, 478–83. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003159247-49.

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Katerí Hernández, Tanya. "“Afro-Latin American Legal Studies”". In Routledge Handbook of Afro-Latin American Studies, 100–109. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003159247-10.

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de la Fuente, Alejandro. "Afterword: Afro-Latinos and Afro-Latin American Studies". In Afro-Latin@s in Movement, 289–303. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59874-5_14.

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Blair, Ian. "American Police Departments: Four Case Studies". In Investigating Rape, 40–47. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003470007-4.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Department of Afro-American Studies"

Snyder, B. M., C. A. Riddell, T. Gebretsadik, T. Ding, W. D. Dupont, J. R. Ortiz, R. L. Lee, P. Wu e T. V. Hartert. "Leukotriene Modifying Agent Prophylaxis to Prevent Excess Morbidity and Mortality From Influenza: Two Observational Cohort Studies Using Medicaid and Department of Defense Populations Over 22 Influenza Seasons". In American Thoracic Society 2023 International Conference, May 19-24, 2023 - Washington, DC. American Thoracic Society, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2023.207.1_meetingabstracts.a6745.

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Rogoff, Marc J., Michelle Mullet Nicholls e Michael Keyser. "Developing a 21st Century Energy From Waste Facility in American Samoa". In 18th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec18-3501.

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American Samoa is an unincorporated territory of the U.S. roughly 2,300 air miles southwest of Honolulu and about 2,700 miles north of Australia. The largest and most populated island in American Samoa is Tutuila, which is located the territory’s historic capitol of Pago Pago. The territory is home to the world’s largest tuna cannery. Population growth has been dramatic and the island’s energy costs have increased substantially in recent years. The American Samoa Power Authority (ASPA) is responsible for solid waste collection and disposal in the territory with landfilling being the primary mode of waste disposal. However, limited available land on the main island due to volcanic topography limits the long-term use of landfilling as the island’s sole waste management tool. The relative isolated location of American Samoa and the instability of world oil markets have prompted ASPA to look at more environmentally and economically sustainable means of solid waste management. As an outgrowth of its research, ASPA submitted and received a technical assistance grant from the U.s. Department of the Interior to conduct an extensive waste composition study and EfW feasibility study to examine the advantages and disadvantages of efW for American Samoa. The results of these studies have been completed by SCS on behalf of ASPA, which is currently taking steps to permit and procure a 2.0 megawatt, modular efW facility that will go online in 2012 as part of a public private partnership. The lessons learned by SCs and ASPA during the course of the investigations are illustrative of the types of long-term, waste management and energy decision-making that many small communities will have to undertake to attain viable and sustainable alternatives.

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Zemba, Stephen G., Michael R. Ames e Laura C. Green. "Modeling and Measuring Impacts From Ash Landfilling: Using Data to Inform Regulatory Policy". In 19th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec19-5454.

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Most ash generated by waste-to-energy (WTE) facilities in the U.S. is landfilled. Studies undertaken in the late 1980’s and early 1990’s indicated no significant environmental concerns associated with ash landfilling. However, in 2001, policy-makers at the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection (MA DEP) became concerned that the “cumulative” impacts of landfills, including ash landfills, might pose a risk to human health. To address this concern, we performed an in-depth assessment of impacts to air quality, and theoretical risks to health, from fugitive emissions associated with an ash landfill. Nine sources of fugitive ash emissions were modeled using methods that coupled detailed information about the site operations, ash properties, and meteorological conditions on an hour-by-hour basis. The results of these assessments, combined with ambient air data collected by others, demonstrated that the impacts from fugitive emissions of the ash were no more than negligible. Accordingly, in 2006, MA DEP revised its policy, exempting ash disposal landfills from the requirement to demonstrate no significant impact, effectively granting presumptive certainty to ash landfills that employ best management practices. Detailed analyses such as described herein, combined with robust data sets, can form the basis of more efficient regulatory policies.

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Rincon-Charris, Amilcar, e Joseba Quevedo-Casin. "Multiple Fault Detection and Diagnosis in a Gas Turbine Using Nonlinear Principal Component Analysis and Structured Residuals". In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-62933.

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Multiple fault detection and diagnosis is a challenging problem because the number of candidates grows exponentially in the number of faults. In addition, multiple faults in dynamic systems may be hard to detect, because they can mask or compensate each other’s effects. This paper presents the study of the detection and diagnosis of multiple faults in a SR-30 Gas Turbine using nonlinear principal component analysis as the detection method and structured residuals as the diagnosis method. The study includes developing a mathematical model, software simulation with Matlab Simulink and implementation of algorithms for detection and diagnosis of multiple faults in the system using nonlinear principal component analysis and structured residuals. A real SR-30 gas turbine was used for our studies. The equipment is at the moment installed in the Inter American University of Puerto Rico, Bayamon Campus, and Department of Mechanical Engineering.

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Worobel, Bob, Kevin Leo, Jason Gorrie e Paul Thur de Koos. "Beneficial Reuse of Municipal Waste-to-Energy Ash as a Landfill Construction Material". In 11th North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec11-1678.

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The Solid Waste Disposal Authority of Palm Beach County owns a municipal waste-to-energy plant located in West Palm Beach, Florida. Currently, ash generated by the operation of the facility is disposed at the Authority’s adjacent Class I Landfill. In 1998, the Florida Legislature amended certain provisions of the Florida Statutes to encourage the beneficial reuse of municipal waste-to-energy ash in manners that are protective of human health and the environment. To that end, the Florida Department of Environmental Protection developed a document entitled “Guidance for Preparing Municipal Waste-to-Energy Ash Beneficial Use Demonstrations” to assist communities in developing reuse demonstrations. SWA and CDM undertook a project and developed a report in accordance with the Guidance document to demonstrate that reuse of the ash from the SWA’s waste-to-energy facility as a landfill construction material is consistent with the reuse goals set forth by the Legislature. Initial studies were performed to identify locations and quantities for use of ash within the confines of SWA property. Some of these locations included future Class I and Class III Landfill cells and perimeter roadways. It was determined that nearly 3 million cubic yards of landfill space could be saved through beneficial reuse of the ash. An initial analytical screening was performed to test the leaching potential of the eight RCRA metals and compare to applicable groundwater and surface water standards. Overall results were favorable, with some indication that lead could pose potential concern. Geotechnical index testing (grain size, moisture content, and organic content) was performed to determine if ash has similar physical properties to the sand that is currently used on-site. Results indicated that the ash has similar physical properties to the sandy material. This initial testing was performed in accordance with the July 1998 DRAFT version of the guidance document.

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Rice, Elizabeth A. "Comparison of Environmental Performance Expectations: Gasification Versus Mass-Burn WTE Facilities Currently Under Construction in North America". In 20th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec20-7022.

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In recent years, factors including limited landfill capacity, increasing costs of fossil fuels, and increased pressure to actively recover value from waste in the form of materials and energy have encouraged municipalities throughout North America to advance waste management strategies that utilize waste-to-energy (WTE) technologies as an alternative to landfilling. Currently, utilization of alternative conversion technologies, including gasification, is limited to small-scale or pilot municipal solid waste (MSW) to energy facilities in North America. Though limited history of environmental performance when using MSW as a primary feedstock has delayed public acceptance of facility proposals, municipalities are now moving forward with alternative conversion technology applications. In Florida, two entities have received permits from the Department of Environmental Protection to proceed with construction of gasification facilities — Geoplasma, Inc. in St. Lucie County, and INEOS New Planet BioEnergy in Vero Beach. In Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, Enerkem GreenField Alberta Biofuels has received a permit from Alberta Environment to begin construction of a gasification facility that will produce bioethanol from post-recycled MSW. Since 1996, no new greenfield MSW-processing mass burn facility has been constructed in the U.S., though facilities in Hillsborough County, FL; Lee County, FL; and Olmstead County, MN have undergone expansions, and in Honolulu, FL, a 900 TPD unit is currently under construction. In recent years, two municipalities have received permits to proceed with construction of mass burn WTE facilities and have made significant progress toward implementation: The municipalities of Durham and York, Ontario, Canada and The Solid Waste Authority of Palm Beach County, Florida. This paper will provide a direct comparison of the expected environmental performance of the recently permitted gasification facilities to the expected environmental performance of the recently permitted mass burn WTE facilities, as established by permit applications and emissions modeling studies. Comparison of emissions of particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds, and hydrogen chloride will be performed on the basis of one ton of feedstock processed. Emission of these pollutants at the recently permitted facilities discussed above will be contrasted with emissions experienced at currently operating WTE facilities within North America.

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Feldman, Matthew, e Kevin Connolly. "Laying the Groundwork for a Large-Scale Spent Nuclear Fuel Transportation System". In ASME 2015 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2015-45921.

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The US Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy established the Nuclear Fuels Storage and Transportation Planning Project (NFST) to lay the groundwork for implementing interim storage of commercial spent nuclear fuel (SNF), including associated transportation activities. Progress is being made on long lead time, destination-independent aspects of the SNF transportation system in three areas: • Institutional: stakeholder interactions needed for system success, including development of a transportation plan, policy development to implement Nuclear Waste Policy Act Section 180(c), and identification of a preliminary suite of national transportation routes based on regulatory requirements and coordination with stakeholders with diverse interests. • Operational: activities required to run a large-scale transportation system; focus is on development of a new routing analysis tool, study of infrastructure near storage sites that may be de-inventoried first, and development of tools for modeling transportation activities. • Hardware: casks, railcars, and other items necessary to operate the system. Activities are primarily focused on development of railcars compliant with Association of American Railroads Standard S-2043 and studies on the use of rail casks and their ancillary equipment. NFST is making significant progress in all of these areas for a future transportation system to transport SNF from commercial reactors.

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Bradley, Tim, e John Marra. "Advanced Hydrogen Turbine Development Update". In ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2012-68169.

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Siemens Energy, Inc. was awarded a contract by the U.S. Department of Energy for the first two phases of the Advanced Hydrogen Turbine Development Program. The 3-Phase, multi-year program goals are to develop an advanced syngas, hydrogen and natural gas fired gas turbine fully integrated into coal-based Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) plants. The program goals include demonstrating: • A 3–5% point improvement in combined cycle efficiency above the baseline, • 20–30% reduction in combined cycle capital cost • Emissions of 2 ppm NOx @ 15% O2 by 2015. Siemens is currently well into Phase 2 of the program and has made significant progress in several areas. This includes the ability to attain the 2015 Turbine Program performance goals by developing component and systems level technologies, developing and implementing validation test plans for these systems and components, performing validation testing of component technologies, and performance demonstration through system studies. Siemens and the Advanced Hydrogen Turbine Program received additional funds from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) in 2010. The additional funding serves to supplement budget shortfalls in the originally planned spend rate. The development effort has focused on engine cycles, combustion technology development and testing, turbine aerodynamics/cooling, modular component technology, materials/coatings technologies and engine system integration/flexibility considerations. High pressure combustion testing continues with syngas and hydrogen fuels on a modified premixed combustor. Advanced turbine airfoil concept testing continues. Novel manufacturing techniques were developed that allow for advanced castings and faster time to market capabilities. Materials testing continues and significant improvements were made in lifing for Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBC’s) at increased temperatures over the baseline. Studies were conducted on gas turbine/IGCC plant integration, fuel dilution effects, varying air integration, plant performance and plant emissions. The results of these studies and developments provide a firm platform for completing the advanced Hydrogen Turbine technologies development in Phase 2.

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Pakseresht, Sahar, e Manel Guardia Bassols. "From the so-called Islamic City to the Contemporary Urban Morphology: the Historic Core of Kermanshah City in Iran as a Case Study". In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5210.

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Sahar Pakseresht¹, Manel Guàrdia Bassols¹ ¹ Department of Theory and History of Architecture. Polytechnic University of Catalonia (UPC). Av. Diagonal, 64908028 Barcelona, Tel:93-4017874 E-mail: sahar.pakseresht@estudiant.upc.edu, manel.guardia@upc.edu Keywords: Iranian city, Kermanshah, urban morphology, Islamic city, urban transformation, Modernisation Conference topics and scale: City transformations, urban form and social use of space Pre-1920 cities in Iran are characterized by a number of features considered to be typical of the so-called “Islamic city”. A set of features are shared by traditional cities where dominated by Islam religion. The notion of “Islamic city”, often criticised for its Eurocentric nature, has guided most studies of these traditional cities. The modernisation process in so-called Islamic cities is crucial due to its serious impacts on the traditional morphology and transformation of their urban structure. We, thus, need more holistic and integrated understanding about changes of these cities derives from the modernisation process. In order to explore the broad and wide-spread changes due to modernisation process in the traditional cities in Muslim world, it is more enlightening if we study second order cities, rather than studying the transformations of major capitals such as Cairo, Istanbul or Teheran, where interventions are goal to approach a more exceptional and rhetorical characters. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to study the historic core of Kermanshah city, to understand the link between urban transformations and social due to modernisation process by tracing it historically. We will focus, particularly, on studying the stages of urban transformation and changes of urban morphology as well as conflict and differences between traditional urban features with the modern ones. For example, we are interested in understanding how traditional morphology and structure of residential and commercial zone are affected by the opening of new and wide boulevards in course of modernisation process, and how these changes influence everyday people life. References Kheirabadi, M. (2000). Iranian cities: formation and development. Syracuse University Press. Clarke, J. I., & Clark, B. D. (1969). Kermanshah: an Iranian provincial city (No. 10). University of Durham, Department of Geography. Bonine, M. E. (1979). THE MORPHOGENESIS OF IRANIAN CITIES∗. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 69(2), 208-224. Stefano Bianca. (2000). Urban form in the Arab world: Past and present (Vol. 46). vdf Hochschulverlag AG. Habibi, M. (1996). Az shar ta Shahr (de la Cite a la Ville). Analytical review of the city concept and its physical image in the course of time), Tehran: University of Tehran. (In Persian)

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Camiz, Alessandro. "Diachronic transformations of urban routes for the theory of attractors". In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5639.

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Alessandro Camiz ¹ ¹ Department of Architecture, Girne American University, Cyprus, Association for Historical Dialogue and Research, Home for Cooperation (H4C), 28 Marcou Dracou Street, Nicosia, Cyprus, 1102. E-mail: alessandrocamiz@gau.edu.tr Keywords (3-5): urban tissues, urban morphology, urban routes, theory, history Conference topics and scale: Tools of analysis in urban morphology Recent urban morphology studies consider urban tissues as living organisms changing in time (Strappa, Carlotti, Camiz, 2016), following this assumption the theory should examine more analytically what Muratori called ‘medievalisation’ (Muratori, 1959), a term describing some of the transformations of urban routes happened in the middle ages. The paper considers the diachronic deformation of routes, and other multi-scalar occurrences of the attraction phenomena (Charalambous, Geddes, 2015), introducing the notion of attractors and repellers. Archaeological studies already do consider attractors and repellers as a tool to interpret some territorial transformations, following the assumption that “the trajectory that a system follows through time is the result of a continuous dynamic interaction between that system and the multiple 'attractors' in its environment” (Renfrew, Bahn, 2013, p. 184). There are different elements that can act as attractors in an urban environment, such as bridges, city walls, city gates, water systems, markets, special buildings, and it is possible to consider each of these anthropic attractors as equivalent to a morphological attractor at the geographical scale. We can even interpret the ridge-top theory (Caniggia, 1976) as the result of attraction and repellence of geographic features on anthropic routes. The territorial scale analysis is the methodological base of the theory, but the attractors herein considered operate at the urban scale, deviating locally across time from a rectilinear trajectory and defining a specific urban fabric. The research interprets and reads the effects of attractors on urban routes and fabrics as a method for the reconstruction of Nicosia’s medieval city walls, in continuity between the Conzenian approach (Whitehand, 2012) and the Italian School of Urban Morphology (Marzot, 2002). References:, Muratori, S. (1959) Studi per un’operante storia urbana di Venezia (Istituto Poligrafico dello Stato, Roma). Caniggia, G. (1976) Strutture dello spazio antropico. Studi e note (Uniedit, Firenze). Marzot, N. (2002) ‘The study of urban form in Italy’, Urban Morphology 6.2, 59-73. Whitehand, J.W.R. (2012) ‘Issues in urban morphology’, Urban Morphology 16.1, 55-65. Renfrew, C., Bahn, P. (eds.) (2013) Archaeology: The Key Concepts, (London, Routledge). Charalambous, N., Geddes, I. (2015) ‘Making Spatial Sense of Historical Social Data’, Journal of Space Syntax 6.1, 81-101. Strappa, G., Carlotti, P., Camiz, A. (2016) Urban Morphology and Historical Fabrics. Contemporary design of small towns in Latium (Gangemi, Roma).

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Department of Afro-American Studies"

Marcone, Jorge. Jungle Fever: The Ecology of Disillusion in Spanish American Literature. Inter-American Development Bank, novembre 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007958.

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Jorge Marcone (1959-), Peruvian associate professor in the Department of Spanish, Latin American Studies and Comparative Literature at Rutgers, State University of New Jersey. His research and teaching focus on practical environmental imaginary present in literature in Spanish and the Americas.

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Guidotti, Andrea. Report on "Mapping European Populism – Panel 8: Populism, Gender and Sexuality in Europe". European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS), febbraio 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.55271/rp0050.

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This report provides a brief overview of the eighth event in ECPS’s monthly Mapping European Populism (MEP) panel series, titled "Populism, Gender and Sexuality in Europe" held online on January 26, 2023. Moderated by Dr.Agnieszka Graff, Professor at the American Studies Center, University of Warsaw, and a feminist activist, the panel featured speakers Dr. Elżbieta Korolczuk, Associate Professor in Sociology at Södertörn University, Sweden, Dr. Eric Louis Russell, Professor in the Department of French & Italian and affiliated with the Program in Gender, Sexuality and Women’s Studies at the University of California, Davis, Nik Linders, PhD candidate at Radboud Social and Cultural Research for Gender & Diversity Studies, Dr. Pauline Cullen, Associate Professor in sociology at Center for European and Eurasian Studies, Maynooth University, Ireland.

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Sklenar, Ihor, e Maryan Lozynskyi. CONTROVERSIAL ISSUES REGARDING THE COMPONENT OF NATIONAL JOURNALISM STUDIES – GENRE STUDIES (REFERENCE TO A TOPICAL SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE BY PROFESSOR MYKOLA TYMOSHYK). Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, marzo 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2024.54-55.12150.

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The article is a reference to a scientific publication by Mykola Tymoshyk, Professor and Head of the Department of Journalism at the Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts, who raised a number of topical issues in the field of national journalism studies. The purpose of this review is to examine the main points of this article through the prism of my teaching (primarily lecturing) and journalistic experience. Using the method of content analysis, the article discusses the controversial issues related to the concept of «journalism genre», distinguishes the strengths of the researcher’s main theses on the theory and practice of genres. The article points out the valuable aspects of Prof. Tymoshyk’s article for researchers of journalistic genres, especially with regard to the grouping of genres in the works of foreign authors (European and American schools of journalism). These groupings are supplemented by the vision of German authors - researchers of media genres. In this article the author uses the historical method to examine the current works of Ukrainian media scholars on the issue of the main groups of genres. The author discusses with Prof. M. Tymoshyk on the subject of presence of some genres in the media of our information space and the expediency of their consideration in the studies of media researchers. Attention is paid to the advantages of this publication in relation to the following issues: the ambiguity of journalistic investigation from the point of view of journalism theory, the expediency of using the concept of «hybrid genres» in scientific texts of media researchers. The conclusion about necessity of further research on the issues of genre creation in journalism, especially in the context of the current war is made. The researcher’s thesis about the importance of not theoretical «new products» in the form of new names of genres as forms of journalistic presentation, but the substantiation of their varieties within the existing genres of national journalism is accepted. Key words: genre, genre studies, journalism, school of journalism, article, author, scientific publication.

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Valencia, Sandra C. WFP’s Contributions to Improving the Prospects for Peace in the Central American Dry Corridor: Spotlight on Climate Change. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, novembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/aefi7913.

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This report explores the linkages between climate change, food security and conflict in the Central American Dry Corridor region. Specifically, the report analyses how climatic shocks and stresses affect food security and the risk of conflict in the Dry Corridor, through case studies of Guatemala and Honduras. In addition, the research analyses if, and how, the World Food Programme’s (WFP) Food for Assets programmes, which seek to increase resilience, are mitigating conflict risk, and WFP’s role in longer-term peacebuilding efforts against the backdrop of negative climate trends. The research was conducted in a selection of WFP’s intended beneficiary communities considered part of the Dry Corridor in the departments of Chiquimula and Zacapa in Guatemala and in the departments of La Paz and Santa Barbara in Honduras. Two theories of change are proposed for how WFP can improve the prospects for peace and reduce conflict sensitivity risks through its Food for Assets Resilience programming in the Dry Corridor: one related to land tenure and a second related to water governance. The research was part of a wider knowledge partnership between SIPRI and WFP. The partnership aimed to inform WFP’s potential contributions to improving the prospects for peace and how to address these through WFP’s programming.

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Machinea, José Luis. Exchange Rate Instability in MERCOSUR: Causes, Problems and Possible Solutions. Inter-American Development Bank, luglio 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011104.

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This paper formed part of a Conference "Mercosur: In Search of a New Agenda" held in the Getulio Vargas Foundation in Rio de Janeiro in June 2003. The purpose of the Conference was to was to examine future directions for Mercosur in light of emerging political dynamics pointing to renewed interest in deepening the initiative after a turbulent 1999-2002. The papers and the conference were supported by the Integration and Regional Programs Department of the Inter-American Development Bank through its Special Initiative on Trade and Integration. The Department is grateful for the collaboration of the Foundation and in particular to Professor Renato Flores. Taking into account the relevancy of exchange variability for integration agreements, this paper evaluates the importance of exchange volatility among member countries of a free trade area and some possible solutions. Measures to prevent or reduce these fluctuations in terms of macroeconomic policy coordination are also examined. Additionally, the creation of a monetary union within MERCOSUR, macroeconomic policy coordination, and a compensation mechanism to tackle exchange variability are also analyzed. Most relevant elements to advance in macroeconomic cooperation in MERCOSUR are studied, and an assessment is made of how exchange variability could be reduced, should exchange regimes be excluded from this coordination.

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Kwon, Heeseo Rain, HeeAh Cho, Jongbok Kim, Sang Keon Lee e Donju Lee. International Case Studies of Smart Cities: Orlando, United States of America. Inter-American Development Bank, giugno 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007015.

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This case study is one of ten international studies developed by the Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements (KRIHS), in association with the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), for the cities of Anyang, Medellin, Namyangju, Orlando, Pangyo, Rio de Janeiro, Santander, Singapore, Songdo, and Tel Aviv. At the IDB, the Competitiveness and Innovation Division (CTI), the Fiscal and Municipal Management Division (FMM), and the Emerging and Sustainable Cities Initiative (ESCI) coordinated the study. This project was part of technical cooperation ME-T1254, financed by the Knowledge Partnership Korean Fund for Technology and Innovation of the Republic of Korea. At KRIHS, the National Infrastructure Research Division coordinated the project and the Global Development Partnership Center provided the funding. As an international destination for theme parks, sporting events and conventions, Orlando approaches the smart city operation through Orlando Operations Center (OOC), an integrated facility established in 2001 by the Mayor after the 1997 hurricane. The major features of the integrated operation include the sharing of fiber optic networks and CCTV cameras, and close cooperation between transport, police and fire departments for road, criminal and disaster incident, and the emergency operation center within the OOC taking the lead in case of special event management and large-scale natural disasters. Along with the OOC, the city hall also utilizes smart city functions such as red light violation enforcement through detectors, bus management through AVL technology, GPS garbage truck tracking, and GIS water management. Orlando has experienced significant benefits in terms of shortened decision-making and response time, reduced operation cost, and improved environmental impacts, as well as enhanced service quality and communication with citizen.

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IDB Action in Highway Development. Inter-American Development Bank, maggio 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010417.

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This study (RE-368) assesses the engagement of the Inter-American Development Bank in road infrastructure development in Latin America and the Caribbean from 1990 to 2009. It looks only at Bank support delivered for the development of intercity roads and highways, including national and departmental highways, which accounted, on average, for 79% of the Bank's transportation lending and 69% of its loan approvals over that span. The report is organized into three sections: 1) The evaluation frame of reference; 2) An examination of the main strategies and tools used to address road sector challenges; 3) An evaluation of the effectiveness of the Bank's engagement in achieving the sector objectives pursued, including case studies from 7 countries that received the majority of the IDB support: Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Guyana, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Peru.

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Microbiology in the 21st Century: Where Are We and Where Are We Going? American Society for Microbiology, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aamcol.5sept.2003.

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The American Academy of Microbiology convened a colloquium September 5–7, 2003, in Charleston, South Carolina to discuss the central importance of microbes to life on earth, directions microbiology research will take in the 21st century, and ways to foster public literacy in this important field. Discussions centered on: the impact of microbes on the health of the planet and its inhabitants; the fundamental significance of microbiology to the study of all life forms; research challenges faced by microbiologists and the barriers to meeting those challenges; the need to integrate microbiology into school and university curricula; and public microbial literacy. This is an exciting time for microbiology. We are becoming increasingly aware that microbes are the basis of the biosphere. They are the ancestors of all living things and the support system for all other forms of life. Paradoxically, certain microbes pose a threat to human health and to the health of plants and animals. As the foundation of the biosphere and major determinants of human health, microbes claim a primary, fundamental role in life on earth. Hence, the study of microbes is pivotal to the study of all living things, and microbiology is essential for the study and understanding of all life on this planet. Microbiology research is changing rapidly. The field has been impacted by events that shape public perceptions of microbes, such as the emergence of globally significant diseases, threats of bioterrorism, increasing failure of formerly effective antibiotics and therapies to treat microbial diseases, and events that contaminate food on a large scale. Microbial research is taking advantage of the technological advancements that have opened new fields of inquiry, particularly in genomics. Basic areas of biological complexity, such as infectious diseases and the engineering of designer microbes for the benefit of society, are especially ripe areas for significant advancement. Overall, emphasis has increased in recent years on the evolution and ecology of microorganisms. Studies are focusing on the linkages between microbes and their phylogenetic origins and between microbes and their habitats. Increasingly, researchers are striving to join together the results of their work, moving to an integration of biological phenomena at all levels. While many areas of the microbiological sciences are ripe for exploration, microbiology must overcome a number of technological hurdles before it can fully accomplish its potential. We are at a unique time when the confluence of technological advances and the explosion of knowledge of microbial diversity will enable significant advances in microbiology, and in biology in general, over the next decade. To make the best progress, microbiology must reach across traditional departmental boundaries and integrate the expertise of scientists in other disciplines. Microbiologists are becoming increasingly aware of the need to harness the vast computing power available and apply it to better advantage in research. Current methods for curating research materials and data should be rethought and revamped. Finally, new facilities should be developed to house powerful research equipment and make it available, on a regional basis, to scientists who might otherwise lack access to the expensive tools of modern biology. It is not enough to accomplish cutting-edge research. We must also educate the children and college students of today, as they will be the researchers of tomorrow. Since microbiology provides exceptional teaching tools and is of pivotal importance to understanding biology, science education in schools should be refocused to include microbiology lessons and lab exercises. At the undergraduate level, a thorough knowledge of microbiology should be made a part of the core curriculum for life science majors. Since issues that deal with microbes have a direct bearing on the human condition, it is critical that the public-at-large become better grounded in the basics of microbiology. Public literacy campaigns must identify the issues to be conveyed and the best avenues for communicating those messages. Decision-makers at federal, state, local, and community levels should be made more aware of the ways that microbiology impacts human life and the ways school curricula could be improved to include valuable lessons in microbial science.

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