Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Dégradation de l’ARNm"
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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Dégradation de l’ARNm"
Reboud-Ravaux, Michèle. "Dégradation induite des protéines par des molécules PROTAC et stratégies apparentées : développements à visée thérapeutique". Biologie Aujourd’hui 215, n. 1-2 (2021): 25–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jbio/2021007.
Testo completoDecombe, Alice, Priscila El-Kazzi, Sébastien Nisole e Étienne Decroly. "Effets de la 2′-O-méthylation de l’ARN génomique du VIH-1 sur la réplication virale". médecine/sciences 40, n. 5 (maggio 2024): 421–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2024046.
Testo completoTesi sul tema "Dégradation de l’ARNm"
Caulier, Guillaume. "Caractérisation d'un module du complexe CCR4-NOT ciblant des ARNm codant pour des protéines potentiellement délétères". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAJ054.
Testo completoA mechanism for the co-translational degradation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) encoding aberrant proteins and/or polypeptides present in excess has been identified in various eukaryotes but remains poorly understood. Accumulation of such proteins causes diseases (collectively named proteinopathies) and cancers in human. The mechanism involves the degradation of the poly(A) tails of mRNAs encoding the deleterious misfolded proteins by the CCR4-NOT complex, the main eukaryotic deadenylase. In S. cerevisiae, this process involves Caf130, which regulates mRNA levels encoding the ribosomal protein Rpl4 when it is misfolded. Published data and our own biochemical results support an interaction between Caf130, a subunit of CCR4-NOT, and Btt1, a subunit of the NAC, involved in the folding of nascent polypeptides. To elucidate this mechanism, we characterized the CCR4-NOT module involved, combining biochemical purifications, protein interaction assays, and AlphaFold modelling to define its organization. The completion of structural and functional studies will provide a global understanding of this quality control system
Lavoie, Mathieu. "Étude des mécanismes de dégradation sélective de l’ARN par la RNase III de Saccharomyces cerevisiae". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5999.
Testo completoBenjamin, Julie-Anna. "Étude et modélisation des mécanismes de régulation des petits ARN régulateurs chez Escherichia coli". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5393.
Testo completoMoretton, Amandine. "Mécanismes de maintenance de l'intégrité de l'ADN mitochondrial humain suite à des cassures double-brin". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAC047/document.
Testo completoMitochondria are organelles that possess their own genome, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Repair of oxidative damages, defective replication, or various exogenous sources, such as chemotherapeutic agents or ionizing radiations, can generate double-strand breaks (DSBs) in mtDNA. MtDNA encodes for essential proteins involved in ATP production and maintenance of integrity of this genome is thus of crucial importance. Mutations in mtDNA are indeed found in numerous pathologies such as mitochondrial myopathies, neurodegenerative disorders or cancers. However, the mechanisms involved in mtDNA maintenance after DSBs remain unknown.To elucidate this question, we have generated mtDNA DSBs using a human inducible cell system expressing the restriction enzyme PstI targeted to mitochondria. Using this system, we could not find any support for DSBs repair of mtDNA. Instead we observed a loss of the damaged mtDNA molecules and a severe decrease in mtDNA content, followed by reamplification of intact mtDNA molecules. We have demonstrated that none of the known mitochondrial nucleases are involved in mtDNA degradation and that DNA loss is not due to autophagy, mitophagy or apoptosis but to a selective mechanism. Our study suggests that a still uncharacterized pathway for the targeted degradation of damaged mtDNA in a mitophagy/autophagy-independent manner is present in mitochondria, and might provide the main mechanism used by the cells to deal with DSBs. Global approaches are ongoing to identify proteins involved in degradation of damaged mtDNA following DSBs, mainly an RNAi screen targeting 80 nucleases. In parallel we are interested in a family of phosphohydrolases named Nudix and their putative protective role in sanitizing the nucleotides pool in mitochondria
Mure, Fabrice. "Rôle de la protéine EB2 du virus d'Epstein-Barr dans le métabolisme des ARN messagers". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEN071/document.
Testo completoPost-transcriptional regulation of gene expression is based on a complex and dynamic network of RNA-proteins interactions. A major challenge is to understand the precise contribution of these RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) to each step of mRNA metabolism. During this thesis, we have characterized new functions of the EB2 viral RBP which is essential for the production of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Previous works have shown that EB2 promotes cytoplasmic accumulation of most intronless viral mRNAs. Here, we show that EB2 is not just an mRNA export factor because this RBP also stabilizes its target mRNAs in the nucleus by protecting them from RNA exosome degradation. Our results indicate that in the absence of EB2 : (i) some viral mRNAs are unstable because they contain cryptic splice sites ; (ii) the splicing factor SRSF3 destabilizes these mRNAs by interacting with both the RNA exosome and the Nuclear EXosome Targeting (NEXT) complex. Moreover, we also show that EB2 is associated with polysomes and it strongly stimulates translation of its target mRNAs through interactions with the eIF4G and PABP initiation factors. Interestingly, the development of a new in vitro translational assay allowed us to show that EB2’s translation stimulation requires that EB2 binds its target mRNAs in the nucleus. Taken together, our works demonstrate the key function of a viral RBP in the coordination of the nuclear and cytoplasmic steps of mRNA biogenesis
Nguyen, Hieu Tung. "Détection des microorganismes à partir de la pulpe dentaire ancienne". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM5031/document.
Testo completoReviewing the literature shows that dental pulp is a useful source for bacteremic and paleomicrobiological diagnoses. In the first work, an experimental model of DNA degradation of the murine macrophage cell line J774 and Mycobacterium smegmatis by exposure to 90°C dry heat showed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) of fragmentation level between bacterial and eukaryotic DNA. These results suggest that paleomicrobiological diagnosis can detect more large fragments of bacterial DNA from ancient buried specimens. In the second work, a system of rapid detection of seven pathogens by multiplex real-time PCR was used for detecting suspected pathogens from dental pulp of 1192 ancient teeth collected from 12 multiple burials including a mass grave in Douai, 1710 – 1712. After the Bartonella quintana detection in this site, real-time nested PCR and ultra-sensitive “suicide PCR” were used to confirm the presence of Rickettsia prowazekii strain Madrid E genotype B in 6/55 dental pulp specimens collected from 6/21 (29%) skeletons of soldiers buried in Douai.These results support the hypothesis that typhus was imported into Europe by Spanish soldiers from America. In the last work, DNA extracted from 5 dental pulp specimens collected from multiple burials at Issoudun, 17th – 18th centuries, was analyzed by pyrosequencing which detected Yersinia pestis sequences in the metagenome. For paleomicrobiology, pyrosequencing is a sensitive technic which can be used as baseline test to detect both suspected and unexpected pathogens from ancient specimens. We named this new approach «paleometagenomics»
Pak, Helen. "The role of ubiquitination and deubiquitination in the regulation of BRCA1 function during genotoxic stress". Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9127.
Testo completoBRCA1 is a tumour suppressor involved in transcription, DNA repair and maintenance of genomic stability. Indeed, BRCA1 mutation carriers have an exceptionally higher risk of breast and ovarian cancers. BRCA1 is mainly known for its role in homologous recombination repair (HR) by recruiting HR proteins to chromatin upon double strand break (DSBs) formation, e.g., following treatment with ionizing irradiation (IR). However, the function of BRCA1 in other DNA repair pathways such as nucleotide excision repair (NER) or base excision repair (BER) is still obscure. It is thus of fundamental and clinical importance to investigate BRCA1 function following exposure to diverse genotoxic agents. Using human cultured cell, we observed that BRCA1 is downregulated by the proteasome upon treatment with MMS or UV, but not with IR. Moreover, this downregulation prevents Rad51 recruitment to chromatin following exposure to MMS. Given that DNA damage induced by UV and MMS trigger NER and BER pathways respectively, this implies that HR could be inhibited in order to prevent competition between independent DNA repair pathways. We also found that BRCA1 downregulation is reversible and the recovery of BRCA1 levels correlates with the reappearance of BRCA1 and Rad51 on chromatin. This implies that the HR has been reactivated at the late stage of DNA damage for the repair of double strand breaks generated by replication fork collapse. Since BRCA1 stability is highly regulated by ubiquitination and is downregulated following MMS treatment, one would expect that a deubiquitinase is responsible for relieving this downregulation to promote the reactivation of the HR pathway. To characterize this aspect further, we conducted DUB RNAi screens in which a particular DUB is depleted and the localization of BRCA1 and other related proteins were observed. According to a preliminary screen, a few DUBs (BAP1, CXORF53, DUB3, OTUB1, and USP36) were identified as potential regulators of the stability and localization of BRCA1 and proteins involved in homologous recombination.
Capitoli di libri sul tema "Dégradation de l’ARNm"
BATISTA, Manon, Béatrice CLOUET-D’ORVAL e Marie BOUVIER. "Les classes d’ARN et leurs enzymes de maturation et de dégradation". In Les archées, micro-organismes du troisième domaine du vivant 2, 81–118. ISTE Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9169.ch4.
Testo completo