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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Defence and security contracts"
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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Defence and security contracts"
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Heuninckx, Baudouin. "Defence procurement: The most effective way to grant illegal State Aid and get away with it... or is it?" Common Market Law Review 46, Issue 1 (2009): 191–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/cola2009007.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article examines the ways in which the EC State aid rules apply to defence procurement in the EU and identifies the issues raised by the interplay between these two areas of the law. The award of a public contract can be found to be State aid if it is not in the form of a “normal commercial transaction”. However, even though defence procurement generally has to comply with EC public procurement law, it can be subject to a number of exemptions for reasons of public security. This raises the issue of cross–subsidization from the military to the civil sector, which could be found to constitute State aid. Moreover, defence procurement contracts are often awarded without competition and include specific pricing mechanisms, and complex military equipment usually has no civil equivalent. These particularities make it difficult to compare the award of defence contracts with “normal commercial transactions”. EC Member States usually do not consider possible interference between defence procurement and State aid rules. This creates the risk that defence contracts may have to be annulled if in breach of such rules, could undermine the regulation of State aid because of cross–subsidisation, and could also reduce the effectiveness of the EC policy to progressively open its defence market and render it more transparent. This article therefore suggests how best EC Member States could implement a policy for the award of defence contracts without breaching the EC State aid rules.
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Zervos, Vasilis. "European Policies and the Space Industry Value Chain (Note 1)." Journal of Economics and Public Finance 4, no. 1 (2018): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jepf.v4n1p101.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
<p><em>The economics of contracting have received rather limited attention insofar as the implications for efficiency from the selection of types of contracts employed in the aerospace and defence sector are involved. The paper analyzes the challenges confronting the cost-plus/cost-reimbursement type of contracts of European Commission and intergovernmental organizations like the European Space Agency (ESA), who are involved in security and defence projects with significant multiplier effects within defence and security networks. The analysis indicates how institutional limitations result in contractual choice inefficiencies and anti-competitive practices that may affect the whole of the aerospace industrial base, including subcontractors. The paper concludes with policy implications and further research recommendation. </em></p>
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Chernysheva, Galina N., Nikolay V. Rogov, and Maria Vyacheslavovna Tkacheva. "Methods for ensuring the reliable fulfilment of state defence orders." Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ser.: Ekonomika i upravlenie = Proceedings of Voronezh State University. Series: Economics and Management, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 94–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.17308/econ.2021.3/3621.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Introduction. The national security of the Russian Federation, both within the country and externally, is ensured by the development of its military-technical potential. The military-technical potential is viewed as an ability of the state to maintain the armed forces and to provide the army with modern and competitive military equipment. This is performed through state defence orders (SDOs). Taking into account both internal and external factors, it is impossible to fulfil SDOs without a reliable system of contract liabilities. To ensure proper fulfilment of SDOs, it is necessary to consider the following measures: 1) to retain all the liabilities of contracts for the duration of the contracts, i.e. the liabilities of the customer with regard to the financing of SDOs, and the liabilities of the contractor with regard to the production of the military equipment of high quality; 2) to prevent unauthorised use of the financing provided for the SDOs. Purpose. The purpose of our study was to analyse the factors preventing the fulfilment of SDOs and suggest measures for improving the system for managing SDOs and the economic security of defence industry enterprises. Methodology. In our study we used general scientific methods and specific economic analysis methods: systems analysis, time series analysis, modelling, and expert evaluation methods. The analysis was based on Russian and international sources, as well as the regulatory and legal framework concerning SDOs. Results. In our study, we listed and classified the factors preventing the fulfilment of SDOs, and suggested a SDO model in the form of a system of financial relations between entities. To ensure the fulfilment of SDOs, we suggest a series of measures to control the compliance of financial flows and the economic security of defence industry enterprises. Conclusions. The article presents a specific study of financial flows between the key participants of SDOs. The determined problems and suggested measures will help to reduce the risks and ensure the proper fulfilment of SDOs.
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Hasnaoui, Inas, Maria Zrikem, and Rajaa Elassali. "Block-AD: Blockchain Attack-Defense CTF Competition for Next-Web3 Security." International Journal of Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology 13, no. 5 (2023): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijcseit.2023.13503.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The rapid growth of blockchain technology hasintroduced newsecurity challengesin decentralized systems.In this paper, we present Block-AD, a Blockchain Attack-Defense Capture The Flag (CTF) competition aimed at improving smart contract security skills and addressing evolving security threats in Next-Web3 environments. Unlike traditional CTF competitions, participants engage in attack and defense actions to exploit vulnerabilities and protect their smart contract services. This game-based approach concludes with rewards distributed from the competition’s vault and the allocation of non-fungible tokens (NFTs) as proof of participation. This approach aims to provide a fun and engaging way to improve the security skills of all participants, as well as to identify and fix vulnerabilities in smart contracts. By combining blockchain technology, CTF methodology, and Next-Web3 security, Block-AD provides a unique and innovative approach for enhancing cybersecurity skills in decentralized systems and smart contracts.
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Sarkawi, Azizi Ahmad, Mohamad Ghozali Hassan, and Mustakim Melan. "THE SIGNIFICANCE OF LEADERSHIP SUPPORT TOWARDS EFFECTIVE CONTRACT MANAGEMENT." Journal of Technology and Operations Management 18, no. 2 (2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/jtom2023.18.2.1.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study examines the role of leadership support in contract management within the Ministry of Defence, focusing on the asset and equipment maintenance crucial for national security. It aims to assess the current level of leadership support among Supply & Secretariate Officers in the Royal Malaysian Navy and their understanding of its importance. By addressing this gap, this study intends to improve contract management practices for enhanced national security within the ministry. A quantitative survey was used to obtain data through stratified random sampling. The survey was initiated in April 2022 and lasted five months. The questionnaires were distributed to the Supply & Secretariate Officers who handle the asset and equipment maintenance contract of the Ministry of Defence. A total of 206 questionnaires were distributed through electronic means, such as email and WhatsApp. Out of 206 questionnaires, only 204 has been analysed as the other two were not complete. The results revealed that leadership commitment significantly improves contract-related activities. When top executives prioritize contract management, it creates a corporate environment in which rules are followed, responsibility is clear, and employees are more diligent. This commitment leads organizations to allocate resources, set clear contract guidelines, and invest in advanced contract technology, making contract management more efficient. In summary, leadership commitment fosters a culture of excellence in contract management, emphasizing the importance of contracts, compliance, and attention to detail, ultimately improving overall operational efficiency.
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Novruzova, Oksana B., Ilya A. Klevtsov, and Elizaveta R. Shikova. "Methods and Conditions of Conclusion of State Contracts." Court administrator 1 (February 8, 2024): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/2072-3636-2024-1-12-15.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article reveals the concept of a state contract, discusses the features and specific features of a state contract, as well as the methods and conditions for its conclusion. In addition, the work comments on the latest changes in the field of government contracts, which are aimed at increasing the efficiency of procurement for defense and national security.
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Derrick Lim Kin Yeap, Jason Jong Sheng Tat, Jason Ng Yong Xing, Joan Sia Yuk Ting, Mildred Lim Pei Chin, and Muhammad Faisa. "Securing Industrial IoT: Blockchain-Integrated Solutions for Enhanced Privacy, Authentication, and Efficiency." International Journal of Computer Technology and Science 1, no. 3 (2024): 01–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.62951/ijcts.v1i3.18.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) enhances the connectivity and efficiency of living lifestyles. However, it also comes with significant security vulnerabilities. Traditional authentication methods are often inadequate, leading to IIoT devices opened to security threats. This paper proposes a comprehensive security framework integrating blockchain, cryptographic techniques, smart contracts, and deep learning-based Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) to tackle the mentioned issue. Blockchain ensures data integrity and prevents tampering through a decentralized ledger. A decentralized device identity management system enhances user verification, while secure communication protocols using Hash-based Message Authentication Codes (HMAC) safeguard data integrity. Smart contracts automate transactions, providing transparent, secure record-keeping without a central authority. The deep learning-based IDS, utilizing Contractive Sparse Autoencoder (CSAE) and Attention-Based Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (ABiLSTM) networks, effectively detects cyber threats. Evaluation metrics, including precision, recall, F1-score, and False Acceptance Rate (FAR), demonstrate high accuracy and low false alarm rates across datasets. This framework addresses the need for secure, efficient, and scalable authentication in IIoT, combining blockchain's security features with advanced cryptographic and anomaly detection techniques, offering robust defence against cyber threats.
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Mateaş, Florian. "GENERAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SECURITY SYSTEMS FOR OBJECTIVES, GOODS, VALUABLES AND PROTECTION OF INDIVIDUALS." Agora International Journal of Juridical Sciences 9, no. 3 (2015): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/aijjs.v9i3.2113.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The local police operate as a public institution with legal personality for the interest of citizens, which provides services for the security of goods, participates in the defence of public order and peace, of the life and integrity of individuals, and other rights and legitimate interests of the community.The organization and carrying out of the guarding of the goods and valuables of any kind owned, their transportation and other security services, and participation in the defence of public order and peace are done on the basis of contracts concluded between the local Police and mayors, public or private economic operators, institutions, associations of any kind, natural or legal persons as appropriate.The security provided by local police officers is carried out according to the security plan drawn up by local police commanders and beneficiaries, approved by the local committee and with the expert’s approval from the local police. In their work for performing the service at the objectives entrusted to them, the local police officers have a number of obligations including cooperation with the police bodies and the notification thereof when finding crimes committed which might damage public and private property, acts directed against individuals, fire occurrence, calamities.
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Ahmad Sarkawi, Azizi, Mohamad Ghozali Hassan, and Mustakim Melan. "Navigating Contract Compliance in Maritime Procurement for National Security: A Study on the Ministry of Defense." Compendium by PaperASIA 39, no. 5(b) (2023): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.59953/cpa.v39i5(b).33.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Public procurement involves government spending for the well-being of the people. This study was carried out to observe the management of contracts implemented by procurement officers at the Ministry of Defense (Royal Malaysian Navy) for expenses related to asset and equipment maintenance used to maintain national maritime security for the well-being of the people. This study also attempts to examine the level of understanding of the procurement officers on pre-planning of asset maintenance contract procurement planning and financial planning, as well as whether or not the mechanism used is sufficient to monitor the contract compliances and contractors' obligations to comply with the terms of the contracts. A survey was initiated in April 2022 and lasted for five months. The questionnaires were distributed to the procurement officers handling the asset and equipment maintenance contract of the Ministry of Defense. A total of 206 questionnaires were returned and analyzed. Results revealed that the procurement officers understood that pre-planning process needs to be implemented before a procurement contract is signed; additionally, they believed that pre-planning process is not a requirement and that the mechanism used is a tool to prevent unethical misconduct in contract management. However, some respondents believed the mechanism could not prevent corruption. Therefore, it is suggested that the procurement officers be given disclosure not only on how to manage the procurement contract but also to ensure that the contract is implemented efficiently through pre-planning procurement. In addition, more improvements to the existing mechanism need to be made to increase procurement officers' trust in the existing system.
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Kim, Yong Woon, and Trevor Brown. "Autonomy versus control in procurement and contracting: the use of cost-reimbursement contracts in three US federal departments." International Review of Administrative Sciences 83, no. 1_suppl (2016): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020852315619477.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article examines the efficacy of central attempts to influence the use of specific types of contracts, namely, cost-reimbursement versus fixed-price contracts, by individual departments within a decentralized procurement system. We draw five years of data (Fiscal Years 2004–2008) from the Federal Procurement Data System to examine the contract type decisions of three US federal agencies: the Department of Health and Human Services, the Department of Defense, and the Department of Homeland Security. The results of our analysis suggest that while departments have discretion to purchase products that meet their mission requirements, there is relative uniformity in the reliance on cost-reimbursement versus fixed-price contracts. Points for practitioners The driving factor in the use of one contract type over the other is not the department in question, but rather what the department buys. Following central regulatory guidance, the three departments in our sample tend to use cost-reimbursement contracts for complex products and fixed-price contracts for simple products. The practical implications for central policymakers is that focusing guidance on what departments buy may be more effective in maintaining overall budget control rather than focusing on how the department buys products.