Tesi sul tema "Decision support systems"
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1
Alkarouri, Muhammad Abdulmuneim. "Distributed decision support systems". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.555644.
Abstract (sommario):
Decision support systems are a class of computer based systems that assist in some or all levels of decision making within an organisation. Recently, the growth of data captured that is useful or even critical to the successful running or conclusion of projects in science and industry has been remarkable. Thus, the development of decision support systems that are scalable in terms of the size of data processed. the number of stakeholders, and their geographical span has become of the essence. This thesis identifies the issues in developing distributed decision support systems. Building on that. an architectural style for the development of scalable and extensible software systems is introduced. Subsequently, a framework for the design of distributed decision support systems is developed. This new architectural style is the Resource Oriented Services Architecture (ROSA). It builds on Representational State Transfer (REST), an architectural style that describes the venerable design of the world wide web. An architectural design based on REST revolves around resources, representations, and hyperlinks. \Vhat it lacks is a standardised way to represent computations as resources in a scalable and extensible manner. For systems that cannot be adequately described as a web of documents, this is a shortcoming. ROSA overcomes this by defining a means of representing executable resources in a manner that is consistent with the statelessness and cacheability constraints of REST. The resulting architecture enables the scalability of the system. Additionally, desirable features such as dynamic discovery of resources and extensibility and loose coupling are attained. To illustrate this framework, two new learning algorithms are introduced and implemented as services. The first is a data structure suitable for proximity queries over large datasets of low intrinsic dimension. The other uses a random projection to carry out novelty detection over high dimensional datasets.
2
Boyd, Richard K. "A weapons systems development decision support system". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA251791.
Abstract (sommario):
Thesis (M.S. in Information Systems)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 1992.Thesis Advisor: Nakagawa, Gordon. "March 1992." Description based on title screen as viewed on March 4, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 66).
3
Sandhu, Raghbir Singh. "Intelligent spatial decision support systems". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1998. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1317911/.
Abstract (sommario):
This thesis investigates the conceptual and methodological issues for the development of Intelligent Spatial Decision Support Systems (ISDSS). These are spatial decision support systems (SDSS) integrating intelligent systems techniques (Genetic Algorithms, Neural Networks, Expert Systems, Fuzzy Logic and Nonlinear methods) with traditional modelling and statistical methods for the analysis of spatial problems. The principal aim of this work is to verify the feasibility of heterogeneous systems for spatial decision support derived from a combination of traditional numerical techniques and intelligent techniques in order to provide superior performance and functionality to that achieved through the use of traditional methods alone. This thesis is composed of four distinct sections: (i) a taxonomy covering the employment of intelligent systems techniques in specific applications of geographical information systems and SDSS; (ii) the development of a prototype ISDSS; (iii) application of the prototype ISDSS to modelling the spatiotemporal dynamics of high technology industry in the South-East of England; and (iv) the development of ISDSS architectures utilising interapplication communication techniques. Existing approaches for implementing modelling tools within SDSS and GIS generally fall into one of two schemes - loose coupling or tight coupling - both of which involve a tradeoff between generality and speed of data interchange. In addition, these schemes offer little use of distributed processing resources. A prototype ISDSS was developed in collaboration with KPMG Peat Marwick's High Technology Practice as a general purpose spatiotemporal analysis tool with particular regard to modelling high technology industry. The GeoAnalyser system furnishes the user with animation and time plotting tools for observing spatiotemporal dynamics; such tools are typically not found in existing SDSS or GIS. Furthermore, GeoAnalyser employs the client/server model of distributed computing to link the front end client application with the back end modelling component contained within the server application. GeoAnalyser demonstrates a hybrid approach to spatial problem solving - the application utilises a nonlinear model for the temporal evolution of spatial variables and a genetic algorithm for calibrating the model in order to establish a good fit for the dataset under investigation. Several novel architectures are proposed for ISDSS based on existing distributed systems technologies. These architectures are assessed in terms of user interface, data and functional integration. Implementation issues are also discussed. The research contributions of this work are four-fold: (i) it lays the foundation for ISDSS as a distinct type of system for spatial decision support by examining the user interface, performance and methodological requirements of such systems; (ii) it explores a new approach for linking modelling techniques and SDSS; (iii) it investigates the possibility of modelling high technology industry; and (iv) it details novel architectures for ISDSS based on distributed systems.
4
Randall, Todd Andrew. "Decision support for suburban retrofitting /". *McMaster only, 2001.
5
Argile, Andrew Duncan Stuart. "Distributed processing in decision support systems". Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.259647.
6
Woerlee, Auke Peter. "Decision support systems of production scheduling /". Rotterdam : Erasmus universiteit, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37438055v.
Abstract (sommario):
Proefschrift--Rotterdam--Erasmus universiteit, 1991.Mention parallèle de titre ou de responsabilité : Beslissingsondersteunende systemen voor korte termijn produktieplanning. Résumé en néerlandais, 4 p. Ill. par l'auteur. Bibliogr. p. 151-165. Index.
7
Hodgkin, Julie. "Provision of intelligent user support in decision support systems". Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366908.
8
Kubik, Charles Paul. "Using commercial aviation information systems in operational support airlift decision support systems". Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/1397.
Abstract (sommario):
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedscheduling solutions for routing aircraft, crews and logistical support needed to successfully operate in this new environment. The opportunity exists for the DoD's private aircraft operation, the Joint Operational Support Airlift Center (JOSAC), to utilize some of the same system features used in commercial operations such as NetJets to improve operations. This thesis will analyze the use of commercial air operator strategies and DSS's to be used in JOSAC to improve operational effectiveness. It will look to add new capabilities and processes used in commercial DSS's along with the implementation of the disruptive technology, microjets. Some of the potential benefits include improved operational performance, solutions to scheduling inefficiencies and improved mission readiness. With these improvements the potential for a military microjet operation in the future is a real possibility.
1st Lieutenant, United States Air Force
9
Farrall, Rhys. "Brine management strategies for desalination systems: Decision support system". Thesis, Farrall, Rhys (2021) Brine management strategies for desalination systems: Decision support system. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2021. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/63768/.
Abstract (sommario):
This thesis explores and evaluates a decision support system (DDS) for the management of desalination brine. The rapid uptake of desalination technologies to meet freshwater demands has led to producing a significant quantity of brine, which is a highly saline solution. Currently, the most popular brine management method in Western Australia (WA) is disposal by surface water discharge (into the ocean), deep-well injection or evaporation ponds. Brine disposal isn’t a long-term sustainable option due to the environmental impacts it can cause, such as salinisation. Brine treatment methods that reduce the liquid volume of brine partially or completely brine is still under development or aren’t currently economically viable.
The DDS uses two multi-criteria analysis techniques, interval analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) under hybrid information. The use of interval AHP gives decision-makers a reliable method of assigning appropriate weightings to the chosen criteria, using the relative importance between each criterion. The DDS uses TOPSIS to allow for different information types (crisp numbers, interval numbers, fuzzy triangular numbers representing linguistic terms) within the DDS.
To showcase the DDS, a case study using 4 emerging brine treatment technologies, membrane distillation (MD), forward osmosis (FO), osmotically-assisted reverse osmosis (OARO) and eutectic freeze crystallisation (EFC) was developed. The results suggest that the most to least appropriate technology are MD. FO, EFC and OARO. Sensitivity analyses using a Monte Carlo simulation determined the influence of varying different criteria weightings on the TOPSIS process. MD was the most dominant appropriate technology with little confusion between FO, which was consistently ranked 2nd. Sensitivity analysis of the entire DDS requires further validation of the interval AHP.
10
Van, Dyk Theron Van Zyl. "Decision support systems for solving discrete multicriteria decision making problems". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14300.
Abstract (sommario):
Includes bibliography.The aim of this study was the design and implementation of an interactive decision support system, assisting a single decision maker in reaching a satisfactory decision when faced by a multicriteria decision making problem. There are clearly two components involved in designing such a system, namely the concept of decision support systems (DSS) and the area of multicriteria decision making (MCDM). The multicriteria decision making environment as well as the definitions of the multicriteria decision making concepts used, are discussed in chapter 1. Chapter 2 gives a brief historical review on MCDM, highlighting the origins of some of the more well-known methods for solving MCDM problems. A detailed discussion of interactive decision making is also given. Chapter 3 is concerned with the DSS concept, including a historical review thereof, a framework for the design of a DSS, various development approaches as well as the components constituting a decision support system. In chapter 4, the possibility of integrating the two concepts, MCDM and DSS, are discussed. A detailed discussion of various methodologies for solving MCDM problems is given in chapter 5. Specific attention is given to identifying the methodologies to be implemented in the DSS. Chapter 6 can be seen as a theoretical description of the system developed, while Chapter 7 is concerned with the evaluation procedures used for testing the system. A final summary and concluding remarks are given in Chapter 8.
11
Haupt, Kevin Paul. "Acquisition group decision support system". Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA231426.
Abstract (sommario):
Thesis (M.S. in Systems Technology)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 1990.Thesis Advisor(s): Lacer, Donald A. Second Reader: Zviran, Moshe. "June 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on March 23, 2010. DTIC Identifier(s): Decision Support Systems, Military Procurement, Decision Making. Author(s) subject terms: Acquisition, Group Decision Support System. Includes bibliographical references (p. 64). Also available in print.
12
Ezz, Inas E. "Management support systems integration". Thesis, Brunel University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365077.
13
Williams, C. Lesley. "A computer-based decision support system for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq21223.pdf.
14
Dupuits, François Marie Hubert Marcel. "Diagnostic decision support for general practitioners". Maastricht : Maastricht : Universiteit van Maastricht ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1997. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=5904.
15
Goeller, Dale Wellington. "Spreadsheet techniques for logistics decision support systems /". Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1993. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA271846.
16
Guo, Yufeng. "Decision support systems for airline crew recovery". [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=976568284.
17
Cameron, Mark A., e Mark Cameron@csiro au. "A Problem Model for Decision Support Systems". The Australian National University. Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, 2000. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20020717.144031.
Abstract (sommario):
This body of research focuses on supporting problem-stakeholders, decision-makers and
problem-solvers faced with an ill-defined and complex real world problem. An ill-defined
problem has a characteristic trait of continual refinement. That is, the definition
of the problem changes throughout the problem investigation and resolution process.
The central theme of this research is that a support system should provide problem
stakeholders with a problem definition model for constructing and manipulating a
representation of the definition of the problem as they understand it. The approach
adopted herein is to first develop a problem definition model for ill-defined problems
the 6-Component problem definition model. With this model, it is then possible to move
on to identifying the types of changes or modifications to the problem definition that
problem stakeholders, decision makers and problem solvers may wish to explore.
Importantly, there must be a connection between the surface representation of the
problem and the underlying implementation of the support system. This research argues
that by focusing the support system around the problem definition, it is possible to
reduce the mismatch between the problem objectives and the representation of the
problem that the support system offers. This research uses the Unified Modelling
Language to record and explore the requirements that problem stakeholders, faced with
an evolving problem definition, place on a support system. The 6-Component problem
definition model is then embedded within a design for an evolutionary support system.
This embedding, supported by collaboration diagrams, shows how a system using the
6-Component problem definition model will support stakeholders in their exploration,
evaluation and resolution of an ill-defined and complex real-world problem. A case
study provides validation of the effectiveness of the 6-Component problem definition
model proposed and developed in this work. The case study uses the 6-Component
problem definition model as a basis for implementing the Integration Workbench, an
evolutionary support system for land-use planning. Stakeholders explore, communicate,
evaluate and resolve the Tasmanian Regional Forest Agreement problem with
assistance from the Integration Workbench.
18
Suen, Fun-sing, e 孫奮生. "Decision support systems for real estate evaluation". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31257021.
19
何燦恒。 e Tsan-hang Ho. "Decision support systems in business management games". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31220915.
20
Tzavaras, Aris. "Intelligent decision support systems in ventilation management". Thesis, City University London, 2009. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/12084/.
Abstract (sommario):
Introduction: Intensive Care Unit (ICU) medical personnel, in an ongoing process termed ventilation management, utilize patient physiology and pathology data to define ventilator apparatus settings. Aims: The aim of the research is to develop and evaluate in comparison hybrid ventilation advisor systems, that could support ventilation management process, specific to lung pathology for patients ventilated in control mode. Methodology: A questionnaire was designed and circulated to Intensivists. Patient data, as defined by the questionnaire analysis, were collected and categorized into three lung pathologies. Three ICU doctors evaluated correlation analysis of the recorded data. Evaluation results were used for identifying models basic architecture. Two custom software toolboxes were developed for developing hybrid systems; namely the EVolution Of Fuzzy INference Engines (EVOFINE) and the FUzzy Neural (FUN) toolbox. Eight hybrid systems developed with EVOFINE, FUN, ANFIS and ANN techniques were evaluated against applied clinical decisions and patient scenarios. Results: Seventeen (17) models were designed for each of the eight (8) modeling techniques. The modelled process consisted of twelve physiology variables and six ventilator settings. The number of models’ inputs ranged from single to six based on correlation and evaluation findings. Evaluation against clinical recommendations has shown that ANNs performed better; mean average error as percentage for four of the applied techniques was 0.16%, 1.29% & 0.62 for ANN empirical, 0.05%, 2.23% & 2.30% for ANFIS, 0.93%, 2.33% & 1.89% for EVOFINE and 0.73%, 2.63% & 6.56 for FUN NM, in Normal, COPD and ALI-ARDS categories respectively. Additionally evaluation against clinical disagreement SD has shown that 70.6% of the NN empirical models were performing in 90% of their suggestions within clinical SD, while the percentages were 53%, 53% and 59% for the EVOFINE, ANFIS and NN Normalized models respectively. The EVOFINE and ANFIS produced Fuzzy Systems whose architecture is transparent for the user. Visual observation of ANFIS architectures revealed possibly hazardous advices. Evaluation against clinical disagreement has shown that the NN empirical was not producing hazardous advices, while EVOFINE, ANFIS and NN Normalized were shown to produce potentially hazardous advice in 17.6%, 23% and 5.8% of the developed models.
21
Goeller, Dale W. "Spreadsheet techniques for logistics decision support systems". Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/39793.
Abstract (sommario):
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.This thesis considers the use of spreadsheet techniques as a foundation for the development of logistics decision support systems. An inventory model is presented to show the flexibility of spreadsheet techniques and demonstrate the use of various graphic
22
Anadani, Mohamed. "Decision support systems for nuclear reactor control". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341828.
23
Jenkins, William Owen. "Decision support systems in river basin management". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47123.
24
Li, Xiaobo 1976. "Decision support systems using object-oriented technology". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/86539.
25
Jackson-Smale, Andrew David. "Intelligent decision support systems for optimised diabetes". Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 1993. https://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/cf9b324c-c59f-4b12-b511-1dbe692725f2/1/.
Abstract (sommario):
Computers now pervade the field of medicine extensively; one recent innovation is the development of intelligent decision support systems for inexperienced or non-specialist pbysicians, or in some cases for use by patients. In this thesis a critical review of computer systems in medicine, with special reference to decision support systems, is followed by a detailed description of the development and evaluation of two new, interacting, intelligent decision support systems in the domain of diabetes. Since the discovery of insulin in 1922, insulin replacement therapy for the treatment of diabetes mellitus bas evolved into a complex process; there are many different formulations of insulin and much more information about the factors which affect patient management (e.g. diet, exercise and progression of complications) are recognised. Physicians have to decide on the most appropriate anti-diabetic therapy to prescribe to their patients. Insulin-treated patients also have to monitor their blood glucose and decide how much insulin to inject and when to inject it. In order to help patients determine the most appropriate dose of insulin to take, a simple-to-use, hand-held decision support system has been developed. Algorithms for insulin adjustment have been elicited and combined with general rules of therapy to offer advice for every dose. The utility of the system has been evaluated by clinical trials and simulation studies. In order to aid physician management, a clinic-based decision support system has also been developed. The system provides wide-ranging advice on all aspects of diabetes care and advises an appropriate therapy regimen according to individual patient circumstances. Decisions advised by the pbysician-related system have been evaluated by a panel of expert physicians and the system has undergone informal primary evaluation within the clinic setting. An interesting aspect of both systems is their ability to provide advice even in cases where information is lacking or uncertain.
26
Ho, Tsan-hang. "Decision support systems in business management games /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B2084301X.
27
Suen, Fun-sing. "Decision support systems for real estate evaluation /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25939439.
28
Fitz-Rodriguez, Efren. "Decision Support Systems for Greenhouse Tomato Production". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195798.
Abstract (sommario):
The purpose of greenhouse crop systems is to generate a high quality product at high production rates, consistently, economically, efficiently and in a sustainable way. To achieve this level of productivity, accurate monitoring and control of some processes of the entire biophysical system must be implemented. In addition, the proper selection of actions at the strategic, tactical and operational management levels must be implemented.Greenhouse management relies largely on human expertise to adjust the appropriate optimum values for each of the production and environmental parameters, and most importantly, to verify by observation the desired crop responses. The subjective nature of observing the plant responses, directly affects the decision-making process (DMP) for selecting these `optimums'. Therefore, in this study several decision support systems (DSS) were developed to enhance the DMP at each of the greenhouse managerial levels.A dynamic greenhouse environment model was implemented in a Web-based interactive application which allowed for the selection of the greenhouse design, weather conditions, and operational strategies. The model produced realistic approximations of the dynamic behavior of greenhouse environments for 28-hour simulation periods and proved to be a valuable tool at the strategic and operational level by evaluating different design configurations and control strategies.A Web-based crop monitoring system was developed for enhancing remote diagnosis. This DSS automatically gathered and presented graphically environmental data and crop-oriented parameters from several research greenhouses. Furthermore, it allowed for real-time visual inspection of the crop.An intelligent DSS (i-DSS) based on crop records and greenhouse environment data from experimental trials and from commercial operations was developed to characterize the growth-mode of tomato plants with fuzzy modeling. This i-DSS allowed the discrimination of "reproductive", "vegetative" and "balanced" growth-modes in the experimental systems, and the seasonal growth-mode variation on the commercial application.An i-DSS based on commercial operation data was developed to predict the weekly fluctuations of harvest rates, fruit size and fruit developing time with dynamic neural networks (NN). The NN models accurately predicted weekly and seasonal fluctuations of each variable, having correlation coefficients (R) of 0.96, 0.87 and 0.94 respectively, when compared with a dataset used for independent validation.
29
BENVENUTI, FILIPPO. "Intelligent Decision Support Systems in Public Transport". Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/252967.
Abstract (sommario):
Nelle ultime decadi, l'incremento dell'efficienza di un Sistema di Trasporto Pubblico urbano (STP) sta assumendo un ruolo chiave nello sviluppo della società moderna. Ciononostante, la realtà è piuttosto lontana da un "mondo STP ideale", in cui i Trasporti Pubblici urbani non hanno particolari problemi nel fornire servizi efficaci ed efficienti nelle grandi citta. La realtà ci racconta che i gestori dei sistemi di trasporto urbano, nella maggior parte delle grandi città, stanno incontrando difficoltà sempre crescenti a mantenere alti livelli di efficienza. Per rispondere a questi problemi, in questo lavoro, vengono presentate tre proposte differenti. Innanzitutto è stato realizzato un framework volto a facilitare la progettazione di un sistema di monitoraggio nel settore dei trasporti pubblici, adottando lo standard europeo Transmodel come modello di riferimento. Il sistema proposto viene realizzato partendo dalla definizione di una "Knowledge Base" rappresentante una concettualizzazione del dominio del trasporto pubblico, al si sopra della quale vengono sviluppate una serie di funzionalità "logic-based".
La seconda soluzione proposta consiste nell'implementazione di un algoritmo di previsione utilizzato per predire il tempo di arrivo alla fermate dell'autobus nelle aree urbane, permettendo di migliorare la percezione dei viaggiatori sulla qualità del servizio offerto. Negli ultimi anni, oltre ai modelli formati da un singolo algoritmo (chiamati "Modelli semplici"), sono emersi modelli formati dalla composizione di più algoritmi (chiamati "Modelli ibridi"). In questo lavoro viene fornita una panoramica di "Modelli ibridi" confrontandone, allo stesso tempo, le prestazioni con "Modelli semplici" applicandoli ad un caso di studio reale. Da tale studio emerge che i "Modelli ibridi" superano le prestazioni "Modelli semplici" in ogni esperimento eseguito.
Il terzo modello proposto si focalizza sullo studio di una metodologia "umbalanced" applicabile a sistemi di visione per risolvere le problematiche legate alla gestione del traffico, come, ad esempio, la ricerca di parcheggi. A tale scopo viene sviluppata un'applicazione software per ottimizzare la fruizione dei parcheggi minimizzando, allo stesso tempo, il traffico causato dalla ricerca degli stessi. A causa della mancanza di dati utilizzabili, al fine di valutare comunque la qualità della metodologia proposta, tale modello è stato testato con il problema di rilevamento automatico di edifici a partire da dati aerei LIDAR.
Il problema della Building Detection automatica a partire da dati aerei, in letteratura, rappresenta un dominio applicativo notoriamente "difficile" da affrontare, a causa lo squilibrio che caratterizza i set di dati utilizzati. Il metodo proposto sfrutta l'algoritmo di Baesyan Vector Quantizer (BVQ) ed, al fine di verificarne l'efficienza in domini applicativi fortemente "umbalanced", è stato confrontato con altre metodologie note, come Adaboost o Metacost, in un vero e proprio caso di studio reale. I set di dati utilizzati sono formati da quattro classi fortemente sbilanciate (edificio, vegetazione alta, vegetazione bassa e strade) ed i risultati ottenuti hanno dimostrato che BVQ supera le prestazioni delle altre metodologie nella totalità degli esperimenti eseguiti.In the last years, the significance of improving efficiency of urban Public Transport Systems (PTSs) is taking a key role in the development of modern society. In an ideal world, urban PTSs have no particular problems in providing effective and efficient services that improve the Quality of Life (QoL) of people living in big urban areas. An efficient service would also help to solve some additional problems, such as air pollution and traffic congestions that often afflict high density urban areas. The reality, however, is that urban transportation systems in most big cities are far from ideal. Managers of PTSs services are experiencing ever greater difficulties in maintaining high levels of efficiency due to the ever-increasing congestion affecting the major urban centers. In order to face these issues and, at the same time, improve the efficiency of PTSs services, three different proposals are introduced. First, a framework, aimed to ease the design of a monitoring system in the public transport domain, has been realized by adopting the European standard Transmodel as reference model for a generic PTS system. The proposed framework is built around the definition of a knowledge base that includes a conceptualization of the public transportation domain, on the top of which a set of logic-based functionalities are developed. The second improvement proposed, consists in the implementation of a forecasting algorithm in order to predict arrival time at bus stop in urban areas that allows to improve the travelers' perception of the Quality of Service offered. In literature, several type of algorithms have been tested in order to predict arrival time at bus stops. However, in recent years, in addition to models formed by a single algorithm (called Simple Models), models formed by the composition of more algorithms (called Hybrid Models) have emerged. An overview of Hybrid Models has been performed by comparing them with Simple Models in a real-world case study from which resulted that the Hybrid Models outperform Simple Models in every experiment performed. The third improvement proposed regards the study of the impact of an "umbalanced" methodology in vision systems able to solve various issues related to traffic management such as parking discovery and occupational turnaround in order to develop a software application to optimize their employment and, in the same time, minimize traffic caused by parking lot search. Unfortunately PluService company, which provided the data to develop the entire work, had no dataset that can be used for the proposed purpose, and, for this reason, in order to assess the quality of the proposed methodology, it has been tested with building detection problem from LIDAR aerial data. Building Detection from aerial data, in literature, represents a notoriously "difficult" application domain to face, cause the imbalance that characterizes the datasets used. The proposed method takes advantage of the Baesyan Vector Quantizer (BVQ) algorithm and, in order to verify its efficiency in strongly umbalanced application domains, it has been compared with other well known methodologies, like Adaboost or Metacost, in a real-world case study. The datasets used are formed by four strongly imbalanced classes (building, high vegetation, low vegetation and streets) and the obtained results demonstrated that BVQ outperform the other methodologies applied in the totality of experiments performed.
30
Oeters, Justin. "Development of a Transit Decision Support System". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1313767101.
31
Pires, Ana Lúcia Lourenço. "Municipal solid waste management system: decision support through systems analysis". Doctoral thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/7509.
Abstract (sommario):
Thesis submitted to the Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental EngineeringThe present study intends to show the development of systems analysis model applied to solid waste management system, applied into AMARSUL, a solid waste management system responsible for the management of municipal solid waste produced in Setúbal peninsula, Portugal. The model developed intended to promote sustainable decision making, covering the four columns: technical, environmental, economic and social aspects. To develop the model an intensive literature review have been conducted. To simplify the discussion, the spectrum of these systems engineering models and system assessment tools was divided into two broadly-based domains associated with fourteen categories although some of them may be intertwined with each other. The first domain comprises systems engineering models including cost-benefit analysis, forecasting analysis, simulation analysis, optimization analysis, and integrated modeling system whereas the second domain introduces system assessment tools including management information systems, scenario development, material flow analysis, life cycle assessment (LCA), risk assessment, environmental impact assessment, strategic environmental assessment, socio-economic assessment, and sustainable assessment. The literature performed have indicated that sustainable assessment models have been one of the most applied into solid waste management, being methods like LCA and optimization modeling (including multicriteria decision making(MCDM)) also important systems analysis methods. These were the methods (LCA and MCDM) applied to compose the system analysis model for solid waste. The life cycle assessment have been conducted based on ISO 14040 family of norms; for multicriteria decision making there is no procedure neither guidelines, being applied analytic hierarchy process (AHP) based Fuzzy Interval technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). Multicriteria decision making have included several data from life cycle assessment to construct environmental, social and technical attributes, plus economic criteria obtained from collected data from stakeholders involved in the study. The results have shown that solutions including anaerobic digestion in mechanical biological treatment plant plus anaerobic digestion of biodegradable municipal waste from source separation, with energetic recovery of refuse derived fuel (RDF) and promoting pays-as-you-throw instrument to promote recycling targets compliance would be the best solutions to implement in AMARSUL system. The direct burning of high calorific fraction instead of RDF has not been advantageous considering all criteria, however, during LCA, the results were the reversal. Also it refers that aerobic mechanical biological treatment should be closed.
Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - SFRH/BD/27402/2006
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Hamilton-Wright, Andrew. "Transparent Decision Support Using Statistical Evidence". Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/778.
Abstract (sommario):
An automatically trained, statistically based, fuzzy inference system that functions as a classifier is produced. The hybrid system is designed specifically to be used as a decision support system. This hybrid system has several features which are of direct and immediate utility in the field of decision support, including a mechanism for the discovery of domain knowledge in the form of explanatory rules through the examination of training data; the evaluation of such rules using a simple probabilistic weighting mechanism; the incorporation of input uncertainty using the vagueness abstraction of fuzzy systems; and the provision of a strong confidence measure to predict the probability of system failure. Analysis of the hybrid fuzzy system and its constituent parts allows commentary on the weighting scheme and performance of the "Pattern Discovery" system on which it is based.
Comparisons against other well known classifiers provide a benchmark of the performance of the hybrid system as well as insight into the relative strengths and weaknesses of the compared systems when functioning within continuous and mixed data domains.
Classifier reliability and confidence in each labelling are examined, using a selection of both synthetic data sets as well as some standard real-world examples.
An implementation of the work-flow of the system when used in a decision support context is presented, and the means by which the user interacts with the system is evaluated.
The final system performs, when measured as a classifier, comparably well or better than other classifiers. This provides a robust basis for making suggestions in the context of decision support.
The adaptation of the underlying statistical reasoning made by casting it into a fuzzy inference context provides a level of transparency which is difficult to match in decision support. The resulting linguistic support and decision exploration abilities make the system useful in a variety of decision support contexts.
Included in the analysis are case studies of heart and thyroid disease data, both drawn from the University of California, Irvine Machine Learning repository.
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Fröberg, Joakim. "Engineering Automotive Electronic Systems: Decision Support for Successful Integration". Doctoral thesis, Mälardalen University, Department of Computer Science and Electronics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-459.
Abstract (sommario):
The electronic system of a modern vehicle is essential to achieve a successful automotive product. Vehicle development is performed by integrating components that include embedded electronics from several suppliers.
This thesis present results on the subject of integration of automotive electronic systems. Our studies aim at providing knowledge on how to integrate automotive electronic systems successfully in a setting where vehicles are developed based on existing platforms. We focus on early phases of automotive electronic system development and in particular on the decisions taken in integration of electronic sub-systems. The contribution is the presented support for making decisions to successfully integrate electronic systems for modern vehicles. The contribution includes an overview of driving factors of automotive electronics system design, a validated set of success practices for the integration of electronic components, and the proposal and demonstration of a decision model. The influential factors and the validated set of practices stems from case studies of products and projects while the proposed decision model is a result of combining two general models for architecture analysis and decision making, ATAM and AHP.
We demonstrate that choices in strategy and design preceding integration are central to achieve a successful integration. Our studies show that problems arise from omitted strategy decisions and we provide a checklist for decision making in the areas; functionality, platform, integration design, and assigning responsibilities. We provide a recommendation that we validate in a multiple cases study where fulfillment of recommendations is demonstrated to affect project success in integration projects.
The potential gain for OEMs using our results lies in achieving more solid foundations for design decisions. Designers and managers could potentially find central decisions on integration strategy early that, if omitted, could cause delays. Thus, applying the result could avoid pitfalls and enable successful integration projects.
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Campbell, Merle. "Decision-Making Amplification Under Uncertainty: An Exploratory Study of Behavioral Similarity and Intelligent Decision Support Systems". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2013. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/bus_admin_diss/24.
Abstract (sommario):
Intelligent decision systems have the potential to support and greatly amplify human decision-making across a number of industries and domains. However, despite the rapid improvement in the underlying capabilities of these “intelligent” systems, increasing their acceptance as decision aids in industry has remained a formidable challenge. If intelligent systems are to be successful, and their full impact on decision-making performance realized, a greater understanding of the factors that influence recommendation acceptance from intelligent machines is needed.
Through an empirical experiment in the financial services industry, this study investigated the effects of perceived behavioral similarity (similarity state) on the dependent variables of recommendation acceptance, decision performance and decision efficiency under varying conditions of uncertainty (volatility state). It is hypothesized in this study that behavioral similarity as a design element will positively influence the acceptance rate of machine recommendations by human users. The level of uncertainty in the decision context is expected to moderate this relationship. In addition, an increase in recommendation acceptance should positively influence both decision performance and decision efficiency.
The quantitative exploration of behavioral similarity as a design element revealed a number of key findings. Most importantly, behavioral similarity was found to positively influence the acceptance rate of machine recommendations. However, uncertainty did not moderate the level of recommendation acceptance as expected. The experiment also revealed that behavioral similarity positively influenced decision performance during periods of elevated uncertainty. This relationship was moderated based on the level of uncertainty in the decision context. The investigation of decision efficiency also revealed a statistically significant result. However, the results for decision efficiency were in the opposite direction of the hypothesized relationship. Interestingly, decisions made with the behaviorally similar decision aid were less efficient, based on length of time to make a decision, compared to decisions made with the low-similarity decision aid. The results of decision efficiency were stable across both levels of uncertainty in the decision context.
35
Almejalli, Khaled A., Keshav P. Dahal e M. Alamgir Hossain. "Intelligent traffic control decision support system". Springer-Verlag, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/2554.
Abstract (sommario):
When non-recurrent road traffic congestion happens, the operator of the traffic control centre has to select the most appropriate traffic control measure or combination of measures in a short time to manage the traffic network. This is a complex task, which requires expert knowledge, much experience and fast reaction. There are a large number of factors related to a traffic state as well as a large number of possible control measures that need to be considered during the decision making process. The identification of suitable control measures for a given non-recurrent traffic congestion can be tough even for experienced operators. Therefore, simulation models are used in many cases. However, simulating different traffic scenarios for a number of control measures in a complicated situation is very time-consuming. In this paper we propose an intelligent traffic control decision support system (ITC-DSS) to assist the human operator of the traffic control centre to manage online the current traffic state. The proposed system combines three soft-computing approaches, namely fuzzy logic, neural network, and genetic algorithm. These approaches form a fuzzy-neural network tool with self-organization algorithm for initializing the membership functions, a GA algorithm for identifying fuzzy rules, and the back-propagation neural network algorithm for fine tuning the system parameters. The proposed system has been tested for a case-study of a small section of the ring-road around Riyadh city. The results obtained for the case study are promising and show that the proposed approach can provide an effective support for online traffic control.
36
Forghani, Morteza Seyed. "The likelihood of success in management intelligence systems : building a consultant advisory system". Thesis, Loughborough University, 1989. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6845.
Abstract (sommario):
Management Intelligence Systems are a class- of Decision Support Systems aimed at providing intelligence about an ill-structured decision to a decision-maker. The research objective was to build a 'Consultant Advisory System', a computerised model of success, to assist internal consultants in, assessing the likelihood of success for a Management Intelligence System (MINTS). The system would also be capable of allowing the consultant to identify reasons which might lead to a low likelihood of success, so that corrective action can be taken. The approach taken is different from many other studies which have concentrated on the success of a computer-based information system after implementation, rather than assessing success throughout the whole process of initiating, developing and implementing such systems. The research has been based on a detailed survey of the literature on Management Information systems (MIS), and Decision Support Systems (DSS) and 39 field investigations involving detailed interviews with the key actors involved in a MINTS project. Two phases of MINTS development were identified: (A) ensuring a right environment and (B) maintaining relationships. About 280 factors were distilled as significant for the successful development of a MINTS and these have been incorporated in a computerised advisor. Validation of MINTS in general and the advisor in particular is discussed in detail.
37
McFarland, Sean Alan. "Decision making theory with geographic information systems support". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3393.
Abstract (sommario):
Decisions are made with varying degrees of effectiveness and efficiency and are influenced by a myriad of internal and external forces. Decision Support Systems (DSS) software can effectively aid decision making through processing the facts and producing meaningful outputs for use by the person or team in making the final choice. Geographic Information Systems (GIS), a form of DSS, are very effective when locational data are present. This thesis talks about using GIS software in decision making procedures.
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Chi, Chih-Lin Street William N. "Medical decision support systems based on machine learning". Iowa City : University of Iowa, 2009. http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/283.
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Chi, Chih-Lin. "Medical decision support systems based on machine learning". Diss., University of Iowa, 2009. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/283.
Abstract (sommario):
This dissertation discusses three problems from different areas of medical research and their machine learning solutions. Each solution is a distinct type of decision support system. They show three common properties: personalized healthcare decision support, reduction of the use of medical resources, and improvement of outcomes.
The first decision support system assists individual hospital selection. This system can help a user make the best decision in terms of the combination of mortality, complication, and travel distance. Both machine learning and optimization techniques are utilized in this type of decision support system. Machine learning methods, such as Support Vector Machines, learn a decision function. Next, the function is transformed into an objective function and then optimization methods are used to find the values of decision variables to reach the desired outcome with the most confidence.
The second decision support system assists diagnostic decisions in a sequential decision-making setting by finding the most promising tests and suggesting a diagnosis. The system can speed up the diagnostic process, reduce overuse of medical tests, save costs, and improve the accuracy of diagnosis. In this study, the system finds the test most likely to confirm a diagnosis based on the pre-test probability computed from the patient's information including symptoms and the results of previous tests. If the patient's disease post-test probability is higher than the treatment threshold, a diagnostic decision will be made, and vice versa. Otherwise, the patient needs more tests to help make a decision. The system will then recommend the next optimal test and repeat the same process.
The third decision support system recommends the best lifestyle changes for an individual to lower the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). As in the hospital recommendation system, machine learning and optimization are combined to capture the relationship between lifestyle and CVD, and then generate recommendations based on individual factors including preference and physical condition. The results demonstrate several recommendation strategies: a whole plan of lifestyle changes, a package of n lifestyle changes, and the compensatory plan (the plan that compensates for unwanted lifestyle changes or real-world limitations).
40
Ghasemzadeh, Fereidoun. "Project portfolio selection : a decision support approach /". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0003/NQ42738.pdf.
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Downs, Michael S. "Developing integrated decision support systems from mathematical models". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1995. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA303712.
Abstract (sommario):
Thesis (M.S. in Information Technology Management) Naval Postgraduate School, September 1995.Thesis advisor(s): H. Bhargava,R.K. Wood. "September 1995." Bibliography: p. 43. Also available online.
42
Chen, Chen, Maura Dilley e Marco Valente. "Improving Decision Support Systems for Water Resource Management". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för maskinteknik, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2465.
Abstract (sommario):
The Water Framework Directive (WFD) structures long-term plans for Europe's threatened water resources. Owning to the inherent and human-made complexities of the water cycle, stakeholders must move strategically to avoid crisis and restore sustainability. Yet, the reality of water resource management today is falling short on delivery. Stakeholders require strategic tools that will help them to build consensus and take action in the right direction. Using the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development (FSSD), this study shows how Decision Support Systems can be strategically improved using a whole-systems approach grounded in basic Principles for Sustainability. In this way, stakeholders will be capable of making synchronized moves towards sustainability and thus more likely to realize the WFD’s goal of ‘good status’ for all European waterways by 2015.
43
Ravizza, Stefan. "Enhancing decision support systems for airport ground movement". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13358/.
Abstract (sommario):
With the expected continued increases in air transportation, the mitigation of the consequent delays and environmental effects is becoming more and more important, requiring increasingly sophisticated approaches for airside airport operations. The ground movement problem forms the link between other airside problems at an airport, such as arrival sequencing, departure sequencing, gate/stand allocation and stand holding. The purpose of this thesis is to contribute to airport ground movement research through obtaining a better understanding of the problem and producing new models and algorithms for three sub-problems. Firstly, many stakeholders at an airport can benefit from more accurate taxi time predictions. This thesis focuses upon this aim by analysing the important factors affecting taxi times for arrivals and departures and by comparing different regression models to analyse which one performs the best for this particular task. It was found that incorporating the information of the airport layout could significantly improve the accuracy and that a TSK fuzzy rule-based system outperformed other approaches. Secondly, a fast and flexible decision support system is introduced which can help ground controllers in an airport tower to make better routing and scheduling decisions and can also absorb as much of the waiting time as possible for departures at the gate/stand, to reduce the fuel burn and environmental impact. The results show potential maximum savings in total taxi time of about 30.3%, compared to the actual performance at the airport. Thirdly, a new research direction is explored which analyses the trade-off between taxi time and fuel consumption during taxiing. A sophisticated new model is presented to make such an analysis possible. Furthermore, this research provides the basis for integrating the ground movement problem with other airport operations. Datasets from Zurich Airport, Stockholm-Arlanda Airport, London Heathrow Airport and Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport were utilised to test these sub-problems.
44
Elgarah, Wafa. "A DIALECTICAL METHODOLOGY FOR DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS DESIGN". Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2336.
Abstract (sommario):
As organizations continue to grow in size, reaching global proportions, they have ever increasing impacts on their environments. Some believe that a much broader array of concerns should be brought into organizational decision-making processes, including greater consideration of social, political, ethical and aesthetic factors (Mitroff and Linstone, 1993; Courtney, 2001). Decision environments such as these are decidedly "wicked" (Rittel and Webber, 1973). Designing decision support systems in such environments where there is a high level of interconnectedness, issues are overlapping and a multiplicity of stakeholders is involved, is a very complex task. In this dissertation a methodology for the development of a DSS for wicked situations is proposed using the design theory building process suggested by Walls et al. (1992). This proposed theory is based on dialectic theory and the multiple perspective approach suggested by Linstone and Mitroff (1993). The design process consists of identifying relevant stakeholders, their respective worldviews, and conflicts in these worldviews. A design (thesis) and "counter design" (antithesis) are created, and a prototype systems based on these designs are developed. These prototypes are then presented to the different stakeholder groups who engage in a dialogue which leads to the development of a synthesized design. The process is repeated until all conflicts are resolved or resources are exhausted, and a final system is produced. Using action research and system development research methodologies, the proposed design theory was applied to zoning decision process in Orange County, Florida. The results of this study led to the following: 1. It is feasible to implement the MPDP methodology proposed in this dissertation. 2. The MPDP methodology resulted in a synthesized design that accommodates the different views of the stakeholders. 3. The MPDP methodology is suitable for contentious situations and may not be feasible for structured decisions. 4. Most of the subjects did achieve a more understanding of the decision process. These results suggest that the MPDP design theory can be effective in developing decision support systems in contentious situations.Ph.D.
Department of Management Information Systems
Business Administration
Business Administration: Ph.D.
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Eugenia, Mee Wah. "Alternative visual displays for effective decision support systems". Thesis, University of Warwick, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323300.
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Geraghty, Peter James. "Computer based decision support systems for environmental assessment". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367243.
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Marghalany, Issam Kamal. "A decision support methodology for production systems optimisation". Thesis, Cranfield University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.408907.
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Simmons, Willard Lennox. "A framework for decision support in systems architecting". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42912.
Abstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2008.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 187-198).
The objective of this thesis is to provide a method and tool to leverage computational resources to empower a systems architect to reason about architectural decisions more comprehensively and effectively compared to traditional approaches. This thesis provides a computational framework for decision support called the Architecture Decision Graph framework. It supports human decision-making by providing a methodology for generating and analyzing architectures as the result of a set of interrelated decisions. ADG's explicit representation of an interconnected decision problem is a bipartite graph of decision variables, property variables, logical constraints, and property functions. The Architecture Decision Graph's framework provide tools for reasoning about the structure of a decision problem, generating the set of feasible combinations of decisions, and simulating their outcome. The underlying computational engine used by ADG is the Object-Process Network (OPN) kernel. The contribution of this thesis to the field of systems architecting falls into three areas: First, the thesis contributes the ADG representation of an architectural candidate space as a set of interrelated decision variables. Second, the thesis contributes the ADG framework, which leverages the ADG representation of architecture to transform an architecting problem into a computational problem. Third, this thesis contributes decision space viewing tools, which present the potential impact of changes in the assignments of the decision variables to an architect. The ADG representation, analysis methodology, and tools are demonstrated with two applications. The first application is a retrospective study of the architectural decisions related to the development of the Apollo moon project of the 1960's. The second application is a study of decisions in support of NASA's lunar outpost architecting effort.
(cont) The applications include discussions of the practical considerations related to the use of ADG as a decision representation method, the efficiency of the simulation algorithm, and a discussion of the architecting insights that can be drawn from the results.
by Willard Lennox Simmons.
Ph.D.
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Mofokeng, Mpuse Frans. "Decision support systems for the Letsemeng Local Municipality". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4054.
Abstract (sommario):
Thesis (MPhil (Information Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Municipalities in South Africa, especially rural ones, have been struggling to deliver services to communities to the extent that government placed those worse-off under Project Consolidate. The implementation of Project Consolidate indicate that the capability of municipalities to deliver services to their communities faced several challenges. Most challenges are attributed to skills, processes, procedures and resources. During the dawn of democracy municipalities were merged into manageable demarcated areas for efficiency, effectiveness and inclusive governance to improve service delivery. The study primarily looks into whether DSS are implemented in Letsemeng Local Municipality and what the benefits are for service delivery to the community. The study was conducted in Letsemeng Local Municipality because it is representative of rural municipalities facing similar changes. It focuses on the administrative and political capability to transform Letsemeng Local Municipality into an effective service delivery vehicle. Administrative capability primarily concentrates on the ability of procedure, systems and management skills to manage a transformed municipal institution within the new democratic dispensation, while political capability concentrates on the role of politicians (councillors) on support and facilitation to meet the needs of the community. Taking these factors into consideration the role of DSS and IKM in successful service delivery was investigated through interviewing key managers (municipal, financial, technical and corporate managers) and analysing support documentation used by the municipality. It was discovered that the performance of Letsemeng Local Municipality is affected by the lack of DSS to support management and politicians, absence of appropriate IKM application for continuous service improvement, high turnover of staff leaving mostly unskilled and less experienced and to a lesser extent political interference. It was also concluded that the implementation of DSS and IKM cannot on its own improve service delivery, but improvement might be achieved if accompanied by Letsemeng Local Municipality BPR (Business Process Re-engineering).
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Munisipaliteite in Suid-Afrika, veral dié in landelike gebiede, sukkel dermate om dienste aan gemeenskappe te lewer dat die regering dié wat die slegste gevaar het, moes plaas onder Projek Konsolideer. Die implementering van Projek Konsolideer is ‘n aanduiding dat munisipaliteite se vermoë om dienste te lewer voor verskillende uitdagings te staan kom. Die meeste van die uitdagings word toegeskryf aan vaardighede, prosesse en hulpbronne. Met die aanbreek van demokrasie is munisipaliteite saamgesmelt in beheerbare afgebakende gebiede met die oog op doeltreffendheid, doelmatigheid en inklusiewe bestuur wat gemik is op verbeterde dienslewering. Hierdie studie ondersoek primêr of beslissingsteunstelsels (DSS) geïmplementeer word by die Letsemeng Plaaslike Munisipaliteit en watter voordele dit vir die gemeenskap inhou insoverre dit dienslewering betref. Die studie is in Letsemeng onderneem aangesien hierdie munisipaliteit verteenwoordigend is van munisipaliteite met soortgelyke uitdagings. Dit fokus op die administratiewe en politieke vermoë om die Letsemeng Plaaslike Munisipaliteit te omvorm in ‘n effektiewe instrument vir dienslewering. Administratiewe vermoë konsentreer primêr op die vermoë van prosedures, stelsels en bestuursvaardighede om ‘n getransformeerde munisipale instelling binne die nuwe demokratiese bestel te bestuur, terwyl politieke vermoë gerig is op die rol van politici (raadslede), ondersteuning en fasilitering om in die behoeftes van die gemeenskap te voldoen. Met inagneming van hierdie faktore is die rol van DSS en IKM (Inligting- en Kennisbestuur) in suksesvolle dienslewering ondersoek deur onderhoude te voer met sleutelbestuurders (munisipale-, finansiële-, tegniese- en bedryfsbestuurders) en deur ondersteunende dokumentasie wat deur die munisipaliteit gebruik word, na te gaan. Daar is bevind dat Letsemeng Plaaslike Munisipaliteit se werksverrigting geraak word deur ‘n gebrek aan DSS ter ondersteuning van bestuurslui en politici, die afwesigheid van toepaslike IKMaanwending vir voortgesette verbetering in dienslewering, hoë personeelomset as gevolg van werknemers wat bedank en minder geskoolde en minder ervare werknemers agterlaat en, in ‘n mindere mate, inmenging deur politici. Daar is ook vasgestel dat die implementering van DSS en IKM nie op sigself dienslewering sal verbeter nie, maar dit kan verbetering meebring indien dit saamval met die Letsemeng Plaaslike Munisipaliteit se BPR (Herbouing van die Bedryfsproses).
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Sutton, S. A., e C. S. Yu. "Integrated Media Technologies for Satellite Decision Support Systems". International Foundation for Telemetering, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/611966.
Abstract (sommario):
International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 26-29, 1992 / Town and Country Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, CaliforniaWithin the Aerospace industry, the operational community is facing staff reductions, reduced skill levels, and greater complexity of space assets and space missions. This combination requires that techniques be developed that more efficiently interface a human operator with a complex computer system. Operational support of complex space systems will be greatly facilitated by better presentation of information. The presentation and distribution of complex data must evolve towards formats that are easily and naturally embraced by our sensory systems. Some of the information technologies/techniques that facilitate the presentation of complex dynamic graphical data fall into a category called integrated media. The cost of implementing integrated media (IM) architectures has decreased substantially within in the past five years. While implementation costs continue to recede, the quality and value of information that can be presented using IM technologies continues to improve. Today's IM architect can select a variety of components including digital interactive video, 3D Navigable Worlds, Multimedia Authoring Systems, standardized compressors for IM data, low cost high volume storage systems, and operating system extensions for temporal data management. Together, these components form a solid foundation for the development of a variety of compelling IM architectures. Existing satellite support and mission data processing architectures typically present tabular data for assessment. Some "advanced" systems include 2D graphical projections of the data. System experts are generally trained to correlate relationships between tabular data items. The training required to "learn" these complex relationships is tedious and time consuming. This complexity impedes productivity and as space systems increase in sophistication, these techniques for data assessment are quickly becoming antiquated. The development of a prototype decision support system explores the utility of an integrated media documentation system as part of a full-featured decision support architecture for satellite operations.