Articoli di riviste: "Cyclic IMS"

1

Wang, Zuolu, Jie Yang, Haiyang Li, Dong Zhen, Yuandong Xu e Fengshou Gu. "Fault Identification of Broken Rotor Bars in Induction Motors Using an Improved Cyclic Modulation Spectral Analysis". Energies 12, n. 17 (26 agosto 2019): 3279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12173279.

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Induction motors (IMs) play an essential role in the field of various industrial applications. Long-time service and tough working situations make IMs become prone to a broken rotor bar (BRB) that is one of the major causes of IMs faults. Hence, the continuous condition monitoring of BRB faults demands a computationally efficient and accurate signal diagnosis technique. The advantage of high reliability and wide applicability in condition monitoring and fault diagnosis based on vibration signature analysis results in an improved cyclic modulation spectrum (CMS), which is one of the cyclic spectral analysis algorithms. CMS is proposed in this paper for the detection and identification of BRB faults in IMs at a steady-state operation based on a vibration signature analysis. The application of CMS is based on the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) and the improved CMS approach is attributed to the optimization of STFT. The optimal window is selected to improve the accuracy for identifying the BRB fault types and severities. The appropriate window length and step size are optimized based on the selected window function to receive a better calculation benefit through simulation and experimental analysis. Compared to other estimators, the improved CMS method provides better fault detectability results by analyzing vertical vibration signatures of a healthy motor, and damaged motors with 1 BRB and 2 BRBs under 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% load conditions. Both synthetic and experimental investigations demonstrate the proposed methodology can significantly reduce computational costs and identify the BRB fault types and severities effectively.

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Zhen, Dong, Zuolu Wang, Haiyang Li, Hao Zhang, Jie Yang e Fengshou Gu. "An Improved Cyclic Modulation Spectral Analysis Based on the CWT and Its Application on Broken Rotor Bar Fault Diagnosis for Induction Motors". Applied Sciences 9, n. 18 (17 settembre 2019): 3902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9183902.

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Induction motors (IMs) are widely used in many manufacturing processes and industrial applications. The harsh work environment, long-time enduring, and overloads mean that it is subjected to broken rotor bar (BRB) faults. The vibration signal of IMs with BRB faults consists of the reliable modulation information used for fault diagnosis. Cyclostationary analysis has been found to be effective in identifying and extracting fault feature. The estimators of cyclic modulation spectrum (CMS) and fast spectral correlation (FSC) based on the short-time fourier transform (STFT) have higher cyclic frequency resolution, which has proven efficient in demodulating second order cyclostationary (CS2) signals. However, these two estimators have limitations of processing the maximum cyclic frequency αmax that is smaller than Fs/2 (Fs is the sampling frequency) according to Nyquist’s Theorem. In addition, they have lower carrier frequency resolution due to the fixed window size used in STFT. In order to resolve the initial shortcomings of the CMS and FSC methods, in this paper, we extended the analysis of CMS algorithm based on the continuous wavelet transform (CWT), which enlarged the maximum cyclic frequency range to Fs/2 and provides higher carrier frequency resolution because the CWT has the advantage of multi-resolution analysis. The reliability and applicability of the proposed method for fault components localization were validated by CS2 simulation signals. Compared to CMS and FSC methods, the proposed approach shows better performance by analyzing vibration signals between healthy motor and faulty motor with one BRB fault under 0%, 20%, 40%, and 80% load conditions.

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Chen, Yi-Bu, Benny Dominic, Mark T. Mellon e Jonathan P. Zehr. "Circadian Rhythm of Nitrogenase Gene Expression in the Diazotrophic Filamentous Nonheterocystous CyanobacteriumTrichodesmium sp. Strain IMS 101". Journal of Bacteriology 180, n. 14 (15 luglio 1998): 3598–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.180.14.3598-3605.1998.

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ABSTRACT Recent studies suggested that the daily cycle of nitrogen fixation activity in the marine filamentous nonheterocystous cyanobacteriumTrichodesmium sp. is controlled by a circadian rhythm. In this study, we evaluated the rhythm of nitrogen fixation inTrichodesmium sp. strain IMS 101 by using the three criteria for an endogenous rhythm. Nitrogenase transcript abundance oscillated with a period of approximately 24 h, and the cycle was maintained even under constant light conditions. The cyclic pattern of transcript abundance was maintained when the culture was grown at 24 and 28.5°C, although the period was slightly longer (26 h) at the higher temperature. The cycle of gene expression could be entrained with light-dark cues. Results of inhibitor experiments indicated that transcript abundance was regulated primarily by transcription initiation, rather than by degradation. The circadian rhythm, the first conclusively demonstrated endogenous rhythm in a filamentous cyanobacterium, was also reflected in nitrogenase MoFe protein abundance and patterns of Fe protein posttranslational modification-demodification.

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Krotov, V. E., e Yu P. Zaikov. "ON THE MECHANISM OF INTERMETALLIC FORMATION DURING CATHODIC CO-REDUCTION OF IONS IN MOLTEN SALTS". Расплавы, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2023): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s023501062301005x.

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Two mechanisms of electrolytic synthesis of intermetallic (IMs) during the simultaneous reduction (co-reduction) of their ions at the cathode in salt melts are known. And both are wrong. One of them is in contradiction with the experimental data. He violates also the thermodynamics law. Another does not represent a co-reduction process, since the ions of both metals must be simultaneously reduced at the cathode and not just one some of them. The present work does not contain new experimental data, she is purely theoretical. The mechanism of the co-reduction process is proposed and thermodynamically substantiated. It is shown for the first time that the first IM crystals appear not on the surface of an electropositive metal. They appear on the surface of a binary homogeneous solid solution consisting of IM components and which is formed at the initial moment of electrolysis. It has been shown and reconfirmed thermodynamically that electronegative metal ions are reduced with depolarization For the first time, the electrochemical equations for the crystallization of a phase of constant composition during long-term electrolysis, as well electrochemical equations as for crystallization of other intermetallic phases on the surface of the previous ones are presented. The presence of several IM phases in the cathode deposits obtained during long-term electrolysis under galvanostatic conditions is explained for the first time. The IMs electrocrystallization mechanism is examined for the cases of galvanostatic and potentiostatic electrolysis modes, as well as for cyclic and square wave voltammetry. It is also applicable to the co-reduction process of crystallization of metal compounds with non-metals.

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Alelyunas, Yun, Mark Wrona e Nathan Anderson. "P51 - Routine metabolite identification for complex cyclic peptides based on ims enabled qtof dia data acquisition and mass-metasite data processing". Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics 35, n. 1 (2020): S37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dmpk.2020.04.052.

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Ijaz, Hassan, L. Gornet, M. A. Khan, W. Saleem, K. Nisar e S. R. Chaudry. "Prediction of Delamination Crack Growth in Carbon/Fiber Epoxy Composite Laminates Using a Non-Local Cohesive Zone Modeling". Advanced Materials Research 570 (settembre 2012): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.570.25.

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The global behavior of composite materials is strongly influenced by the quality of adhesion between different components. A component can be single phase, like fibers or particles used as reinforcement in a homogenous matrix, or a multiphase material like a layer in long-fiber laminate. In the latter case the degradation of adhesion implies the separation of the layers, known as delamination. Among all different failure mechanisms, Delamination is considered to be the most prominent mode of failure in fiber-reinforced laminates as a result of their relatively weak inter-laminar strength. When laminated structures are subjected to static, dynamic or cyclic loadings, the inter-laminar adhesion strength between individual plies tends to deteriorate significantly and act as the origin of the final failure. Therefore, an efficient and reliable design tool capable of predicting delamination could improve the durability for composite laminates. There exist damage mechanics based formulations capable of simulating the delamination crack growth in carbon/glass fiber epoxy based composite laminates. The present study is focused on taking a step forward in this respect. At first, already existed local interface models effectiveness is tested and results are successfully compared with available experimental data for UD IMS/924 Carbon/fiber epoxy composite laminate. Next, a non-local integral-type regularization scheme is introduced to overcome the spurious localization problem associated to the existing local model. Basic concepts and mathematical modeling of Non-Local damage evolution law are comprehensively studied and presented in this study. Finite Element simulation results based on proposed model are discussed in detail and are compared with experimental results.

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Lall-Ramnarine, Sharon I., Joshua A. Mukhlall, James F. Wishart, Robert R. Engel, Alicia R. Romeo, Masao Gohdo, Sharon Ramati, Marc Berman e Sophia N. Suarez. "Cyclic phosphonium ionic liquids". Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 10 (24 gennaio 2014): 271–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.10.22.

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Ionic liquids (ILs) incorporating cyclic phosphonium cations are a novel category of materials. We report here on the synthesis and characterization of four new cyclic phosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide ILs with aliphatic and aromatic pendant groups. In addition to the syntheses of these novel materials, we report on a comparison of their properties with their ammonium congeners. These exemplars are slightly less conductive and have slightly smaller self-diffusion coefficients than their cyclic ammonium congeners.

8

Moummi, C., e S. Rattan. "Effect of methylene blue and N-ethylmaleimide on internal anal sphincter relaxation". American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 255, n. 5 (1 novembre 1988): G571—G578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1988.255.5.g571.

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The present studies were performed in vitro to define the participation of regulatory cyclic nucleotides in the relaxation of internal anal sphincter (IAS) smooth muscle in response to neural stimulation by electrical field stimulation (EFS) vs. exogenous vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). EFS and VIP both caused relaxation of the resting tone in the opossum-isolated IAS smooth muscle strips. The addition of permeant cyclic nucleotide derivatives, the guanylate cyclase stimulant sodium nitroprusside (SNP), and the adenylate cyclase stimulant forskolin caused a dose-dependent fall in the resting tension of IAS smooth muscle. The inhibitory effect of the agonists on the IAS smooth muscle was not modified by tetrodotoxin (TTX), a neurotoxin. TTX almost abolished the IAS responses to EFS. The effects of SNP and forskolin were selectively blocked by the putative inhibitors of corresponding enzyme systems, i.e., methylene blue (MB) (3 X 10(-5) M) for guanylate cyclase and N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) (10(-4) M) in the case of adenylate cyclase. NEM and not MB caused significant antagonism of the fall in IAS tension in response to both EFS and VIP during the control experiments. Such data suggest a common biochemical link (adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate as second messenger system) between the IAS smooth muscle relaxations with neural stimulation and VIP. In addition, a part of the IAS smooth muscle relaxation in response to EFS also involves the mediation of guanosine 5'-cyclic monophosphate.

9

Nakazawa, Miwa, Masahiko Maeno, Mei Komoto e Yoichiro Nara. "Appropriate Immediate Dentin Sealing to Improve the Bonding of CAD/CAM Ceramic Crown Restorations". Polymers 14, n. 21 (26 ottobre 2022): 4541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14214541.

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This study aimed to use quantitative and qualitative evaluations based on micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) to clarify the appropriate immediate dentin sealing (IDS) approach for improving the bonding of CAD/CAM ceramic crown restorations. Forty-eight extracted human molars were prepared to obtain standardized abutment specimens and divided into three groups: no IDS (group C: control), IDS performed by a single application of an all-in-one adhesive system (group A), and IDS performed by the combined application of an adhesive system and a flowable resin composite (group F). All specimens were restored with a ceramic crown fabricated by a chair-side CAD/CAM system and were divided into no-stress and stressed groups. After cyclic loading (78.5 N; total, 3 × 105 cycles; 90 cycles/min) on the specimens in the stressed group, all specimens were sectioned. The μTBS values for the occlusal and mesioaxial walls were measured (n = 16) and analyzed statistically. The quantitative bonding performance of groups A and F were superior to that of group C, regardless of the cyclic loading and abutment wall conditions. Group F showed the maximum bond strength and the highest bond durability in the qualitative bonding performance even under the cyclic loading condition simulating clinical mastication.

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Ullah, Kifayat, e S. K. Katiyar. "Cyclic weak ϕ iterated function system". Topological Algebra and its Applications 10, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2022): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/taa-2022-0123.

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Abstract In this article, we are considering the cyclic weak ϕ-contraction and prove that the result is also true in Hausdorff metric space. We are constructing a cyclic weak ϕ iterated function system (IFS), which gives the self-referential set or attractor, called the fractal.

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Chakder, S., e S. Rattan. "Involvement of cAMP and cGMP in relaxation of internal anal sphincter by neural stimulation, VIP, and NO". American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 264, n. 4 (1 aprile 1993): G702—G707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1993.264.4.g702.

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We examined simultaneous changes in resting tension and tissue levels of the two second messengers, adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP), in the opossum internal anal sphincter (IAS). The influence of the nonadrenergic noncholinergic (NANC) nerve stimulation (NS) by electrical field stimulation (EFS) and the putative neurotransmitters nitric oxide (NO) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on the above modalities was investigated. The fall in resting IAS tension in response to NS, NO, and VIP was accompanied by significant rises in both cGMP and cAMP. This fall and the levels of cAMP and cGMP were dependent on the intensity of EFS and the concentration of VIP and NO. EFS (2 Hz) caused a 63.5% fall of the resting tension with 61.7 and 118.2% rise of the tissue levels of cAMP and cGMP, respectively (P < 0.05). VIP (1 x 10(-6) M) caused an 81.5% fall of resting tension and 64.2 and 87.0% increases in cAMP and cGMP, respectively. Similarly, NO (1 x 10(-6) M) caused 69.6% fall in tension and an accompanying 93.4 and 415.9% rise of cAMP and cGMP, respectively. Although EFS, VIP, and NO all lowered IAS tension and raised both cyclic nucleotides, the changes in cAMP and cGMP in the IAS are otherwise stimulus specific, since fall in IAS tension by calcitonin gene-related peptide has been shown to be associated with an increase in cAMP without any change in cGMP, whereas the reverse was the case with atrial natriuretic factor. The common second messenger systems in IAS relaxation with NS, VIP, and NO suggest the involvement of VIP and NO as inhibitory neurotransmitters.

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Endam, Joemar C., e Randy C. Teves. "Some properties of cyclic B-algebras". International Mathematical Forum 11 (2016): 387–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.12988/imf.2016.6111.

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Evangelista, Stefano. "Benefits from Long-Term Treatment in Irritable Bowel Syndrome". Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/936960.

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It is known that irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic disease of cyclic nature characterized by recurrent symptoms. IBS patients should receive, as initial therapeutic approach a short course of treatment which, if effective, has the additional value of confirming the diagnosis. Long-term treatment should be reserved to diagnosed IBS patients with recurrent symptoms. Clinical trials with stabilized therapies and new active treatments showed an improvement of the symptoms over placebo that is often time-dependent but with high relapse rates (around 40%–50% when stopping treatment). Relapse is not always immediate after stopping treatment and the recent data from OBIS trial with otilonium bromide or with psychotherapy, showed that due to different chemico-physical characteristics of the drugs or the psychosomatic impact to the disease not all treatment gave the same relapsing rate if compared to placebo. Results of IBS clinical trials with different therapies tailored to the patient needs indicate that a cyclic treatment therapy is advisable to counteract the nature of the disease.

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Glasbrenner, Johannes, Adrian Deichsel, Michael J. Raschke, Thorben Briese, Andre Frank, Mirco Herbort, Elmar Herbst e Christoph Kittl. "Bone Staples Provide Favorable Primary Stability in Cortical Fixation of Tendon Grafts for Medial Collateral Ligament Reconstruction: A Biomechanical Study". Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 9, n. 7 (1 luglio 2021): 232596712110178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23259671211017880.

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Background: The use of the interference screw (IFS) for the cortical fixation of tendon grafts in knee ligament reconstruction may lead to converging tunnels in the multiligament reconstruction setting. It is unknown whether alternative techniques using modern suture anchor (SA) or bone staple (BS) fixation provide sufficient primary stability. Purpose: To assess the primary stability of cortical fixation of tendon grafts for medial collateral ligament (MCL) reconstruction using modern SA and BS methods in comparison with IFS fixation. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Cortical tendon graft fixation was performed in a porcine knee model at the tibial insertion area of the MCL using 3 different techniques: IFS (n = 10), SA (n = 10), and BS (n = 10). Specimens were mounted in a materials testing machine, and cyclic loading for 1000 cycles at up to 100 N was applied to the tendon graft, followed by load-to-failure testing. Statistical analysis was performed using 1-way analysis of variance. Results: There were no statistical differences in elongation during cyclic loading or peak failure load during load-to-failure testing between BS (mean ± standard deviation: 3.4 ± 1.0 mm and 376 ± 120 N, respectively) and IFS fixation (3.9 ± 1.2 mm and 313 ± 99.5 N, respectively). SA fixation was found to have significantly more elongation during cyclic loading (6.4 ± 0.9 mm; P < .0001) compared with BS and IFS fixation and lower peak failure load during ultimate failure testing (228 ± 49.0 N; P < .01) compared with BS fixation. Conclusion: BS and IFS fixation provided comparable primary stability in the cortical fixation of tendon grafts in MCL reconstruction, whereas a single SA fixation led to increased elongation with physiologic loads. However, load to failure of all 3 fixation techniques exceeded the loads expected to occur in the native MCL. Clinical Relevance: The use of BS as a reliable alternative to IFS fixation for peripheral ligament reconstruction in knee surgery can help to avoid the conflict of converging tunnels.

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Lai, Wei-Kai, e John Risher. "Generalization of a class of cyclic inequalities". International Mathematical Forum 13, n. 3 (2018): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.12988/imf.2018.814.

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Martini, María B., José L. Fernández e Claudia G. Adam. "Insights on the catalytic behaviour of sulfonic acid-functionalized ionic liquids (ILs) in transesterification reactions – voltammetric characterization of sulfonic task-specific ILs with bisulfate anions". Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 23, n. 4 (2021): 2731–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cp05674j.

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Cyclic voltammetry measurements on imidazolic ionic liquids with sulfonic acid groups and bisulfate counterions revealed that they work as efficient reservoirs of sulfuric acid and are able to dose it on demand to uphold an efficient acid catalysis.

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Rattan, S., C. Moummi e S. Chakder. "CGRP and ANF cause relaxation of opossum internal anal sphincter via different mechanisms". American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 260, n. 5 (1 maggio 1991): G764—G769. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1991.260.5.g764.

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This investigation examined and compared the role of cyclic nucleotides in the mediation of internal anal sphincter (IAS) relaxation caused by the addition of neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and atrial natriuretic factor (ANF). The studies were performed in vitro on smooth muscle strips of opossum IAS. The relaxation produced by CGRP and ANF was examined before and after the addition of tetrodotoxin (TTX) (1 x 10(-6)M). At this concentration, TTX did not have any significant effect on the relaxation produced by either CGRP or ANF, suggesting that these peptides act directly on the smooth muscle. Addition of CGRP (3 x 10(-6) M) produced the maximal relaxation and significantly increased cAMP content without changing cGMP. On the other hand, addition of ANF (3 x 10(-6) M) caused a similar fall in IAS tension that was accompanied by a significant elevation in cGMP without any change in cAMP content. The rises in the levels of cyclic nucleotides preceded the onset of fall in the resting tension of IAS. Our results demonstrate that CGRP and ANF relax isolated strips of opossum IAS by their action directly at the smooth muscle and that this relaxation is associated with an increase in cAMP and cGMP, respectively. The studies suggest the presence of both cAMP and cGMP pathways in the IAS and that the relaxation of IAS smooth muscle in response to different peptides may occur via a specific intracellular biochemical pathway.

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Reche, Irene, Iluminada Gallardo e Gonzalo Guirado. "Cyclic voltammetry using silver as cathode material: a simple method for determining electro and chemical features and solubility values of CO2 in ionic liquids". Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, n. 4 (2015): 2339–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp05409a.

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Ali, Liakot, e Farshad. "Analog hardware trojan design and detection in OFDM based wireless cryptographic ICs". PLOS ONE 16, n. 7 (29 luglio 2021): e0254903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254903.

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Due to Hardware Trojan (HT), trustworthiness of Integrated Circuit (IC) supply chain is a burning issue in Semiconductor Industry nowadays. Over the last decade, extensive research has been carried on HT detection methods for digital circuits. However, the HT issue remains largely unexplored in the domain of Analog Mixed Signal (AMS)/ RF circuit where it is now an appealing target for the attackers. The increasing popularity of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) based wireless cryptographic ICs in modern communication systems makes it a lucrative target for HT-based attacks which could have a devastating impact on data security. This paper presents a trigger-based Hardware Trojan Threat model that exploits the extended cyclic prefix (ECP) property of the OFDM communication scheme to leak the secret encryption key over low noise Additive White Gaussian Channel (AWGN) and developed a Cyclic Prefix (CP) checker based detection mechanism named “SENTRY” to detect such trojans once it is triggered.

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Taeb, Arshia, e Phillip S. K. Ooi. "Comparison of Field Behavior with Results from Numerical Analysis of a Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Integrated Bridge System Subjected to Thermal Effects". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, n. 1 (gennaio 2020): 294–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119899043.

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When subjected to ambient daily temperature fluctuations, a 109.5 ft-long geosynthetic reinforced soil integrated bridge system (GRS-IBS) was observed to undergo cyclic straining of the superstructure. The upper and lower reaches of the superstructure experienced the highest and lowest strain fluctuation, respectively. These non-uniform strains impose not only axial loading of the superstructure but also bending. Pure axial loading in a horizontal superstructure will cause the footings to slide. However, bending in the superstructure will cause the footings to rotate thereby inducing cyclic fluctuations of the vertical pressure beneath the footing and also lateral pressure behind the end walls. Measured vertical footing pressure closest to the stream experienced the greatest daily pressure fluctuation (≈ 2,500–3,000 psf), while that nearest the end wall experienced the least. The toe pressure fluctuations seem rather large. That these large vertical pressure fluctuations are observed in a tropical climate like Hawaii when no other GRS-IBS in temperate regions has reported the same (or perhaps higher fluctuation) is indeed surprising. The larger these pressures are, the greater the likelihood of inducing cyclic-induced deformations of the GRS abutment. A finite element analysis of the same GRS-IBS was performed by applying an equivalent temperature and gradient to the superstructure over the coldest and hottest periods of a day to see if the field measured values of pressures are reasonable and verifiable, which indeed they were. This methodology is novel in the sense that the effects of axial load and bending of the superstructure are simulated using measured strains rather than measured temperatures.

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Abdul Hamid, N. H., e M. A. Masrom. "Seismic Performance of Wall-Slab Joints in Industrialized Building System (IBS) Under Out-Of-Plane Reversible Cyclic Loading". International Journal of Engineering and Technology 4, n. 1 (2012): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijet.2012.v4.313.

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Selva, Maurizio, Alvise Perosa, Sandro Guidi e Lisa Cattelan. "Ionic liquids as transesterification catalysts: applications for the synthesis of linear and cyclic organic carbonates". Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 12 (26 agosto 2016): 1911–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.12.181.

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The use of ionic liquids (ILs) as organocatalysts is reviewed for transesterification reactions, specifically for the conversion of nontoxic compounds such as dialkyl carbonates to both linear mono-transesterification products or alkylene carbonates. An introductory survey compares pros and cons of classic catalysts based on both acidic and basic systems, to ionic liquids. Then, innovative green syntheses of task-specific ILs and their representative applications are introduced to detail the efficiency and highly selective outcome of ILs-catalyzed transesterification reactions. A mechanistic hypothesis is discussed by the concept of cooperative catalysis based on the dual (electrophilic/nucleophilic) activation of reactants.

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Radchenko, Andrii, Dariusz Mikielewicz, Mykola Radchenko, Serhiy Forduy, Oleksandr Rizun e Viktor Khaldobin. "Innovative combined in-cycle trigeneration technologies for food industries". E3S Web of Conferences 323 (2021): 00029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202132300029.

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The majority of integrated energy systems (IES) for combined electricity, heat and refrigeration generation, or trigeneration, are based on gas engines. The fuel efficiency of gas engines are strictly influenced by intake air temperatures. Practically in all IES the absorption lithium-bromide chillers (ACh) are applied for conversing the heat removed from the engine into refrigeration in the form of chilled water. The peculiarity of trigeneration in food industries is the use of chilled water of about 12°C for technological needs instead of 7°C as typical for ACh. This leads to a considerable great potential of engine intake air deeper cooling not realized by ACh, that can be used by ejector chiller (ECh) as the low temperature stage of two-stage absorption-ejector chiller (AECh) to provide engine cyclic air deep cooling and enhancing engine fuel efficiency. To evaluate the effect of gas engine cyclic air cooling the data on fuel consumption and power output of gas engine JMS 420 GS-N.L were analyzed.

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Wu, Mingzhong. "Free cyclic codes as invariant submodules over finite chain rings". International Mathematical Forum 8 (2013): 1835–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.12988/imf.2013.310192.

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Levichev, Eugene, e Nikolay Vinokurov. "Undulators and Other Insertion Devices". Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology 03, n. 01 (gennaio 2010): 203–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793626810000403.

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This article reviews insertion devices (IDs) — wigglers and undulators — both for synchrotron radiation production and for machine parameter control. As there are many types of wigglers and undulators and it is impossible to describe them all in detail, here we particularly emphasize the design, characteristics and tolerances of undulators for free electron lasers and damping wigglers for controlling beam damping parameters. The influence of periodic IDs on beam parameters in cyclic accelerators is described in brief. A profound description of different ID types can be found in [1].

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Bocewicz, Grzegorz, Mukund Nilakantan Janardhanan, Damian Krenczyk e Zbigniew Banaszak. "Traffic flow routing and scheduling in a food supply network". Industrial Management & Data Systems 117, n. 9 (16 ottobre 2017): 1972–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-10-2016-0457.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to focus on the reference model of a grid-like supply network that enables formulation of delivery routing and scheduling problems in the context of the periodic vehicle routing problem. Design/methodology/approach The conditions for seamless (collision-free) synchronization of periodically executed local transport processes presented in this paper guarantee cyclic execution of supply processes, thereby preventing traffic flow congestion. Findings Systems that satisfy this characteristic, cyclic deliveries executed along supply chains are given and what is sought is the number of vehicles needed to operate the local transport processes in order to ensure delivery from and to specific loading/unloading points on given dates. Determination of sufficient conditions guaranteeing the existence of feasible solutions that satisfy these constraints makes it possible to solve the considered class of problems online. Practical implications The computer experiments reported in this paper show the possibilities of practical application of the proposed approach in the construction of decision support systems for food supply chain management. Originality/value The aim of the present work is to develop a methodology for the synthesis of regularly structured supply networks that would ensure fixed cyclic execution of local transport processes. The proposed methodology, which implements sufficient conditions for the synchronization of local cyclic processes, allows one to develop a method for rapid prototyping of supply processes that satisfies the time windows constraints given.

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de Godoy, José Maria Pereira, e Maria de Fátima Guerreiro de Godoy. "Evaluation of the Prevalence of Concomitant Idiopathic Cyclic Edema and Cellulite". International Journal of Medical Sciences 8, n. 6 (2011): 453–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ijms.8.453.

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Jleli, Mohamed, Erdal Karapınar e Bessem Samet. "On cyclic (ψ, �)-contractions in Kaleva-Seikkala's type fuzzy metric spaces". Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 27, n. 4 (2014): 2045–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ifs-141170.

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Maldonado-Ramirez, M. R., e M. Rzedowski-Calderon. "Cyclic p-extensions of function fields with null Hasse-Witt map". International Mathematical Forum 2 (2007): 2463–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.12988/imf.2007.07217.

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Zhu, Changming, e C. T. Sun. "Micromechanical Characterization of Cyclic Plasticity of IM7/5260 Composite at Various Temperatures". Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 17, n. 3 (febbraio 1998): 184–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073168449801700301.

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Fang, Changqing, Biying Jiang, Xiuying Shi e Chuifeng Fan. "Hes3 Enhances the Malignant Phenotype of Lung Cancer through Upregulating Cyclin D1, Cyclin D3 and MMP7 Expression". International Journal of Medical Sciences 16, n. 3 (2019): 470–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ijms.28139.

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Mezzetta, Andrea, Luca Guglielmero, Angelica Mero, Giorgio Tofani, Felicia D’Andrea, Christian Silvio Pomelli e Lorenzo Guazzelli. "Expanding the Chemical Space of Benzimidazole Dicationic Ionic Liquids". Molecules 26, n. 14 (11 luglio 2021): 4211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26144211.

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Abstract (sommario):

Benzimidazole dicationic ionic liquids (BDILs) have not yet been widely explored in spite of their potential. Therefore, two structurally related families of BDILs, paired with either bromide or bistriflimide anions and bearing alkyl spacers ranging from C3 to C6, have been prepared. Their thermal properties have been studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), while their electrical properties have been assessed by cyclic voltammetry (CV). TG analysis confirmed the higher stability of the bistriflimide BDILs over the bromide BDILs, with minor variation within the two families. Conversely, DSC and CV allowed for ascertaining the role played by the spacer length. In particular, the thermal behavior changed dramatically among the members of the bistriflimide family, and all three possible thermal behavior types of ILs were observed. Furthermore, cyclic voltammetry showed different electrochemical window (C3(C1BenzIm)2/2Tf2N < C4(C1BenzIm)2/2Tf2N, C5(C1BenzIm)2/2Tf2N < C6(C1BenzIm)2/2Tf2N) as well as a reduction peak potential, shape, and intensity as a function of the spacer length. The results obtained highlight the benefit of accessing a more structurally diverse pool of compounds offered by dicationic ILs when compared to the parent monocationic ILs. In particular, gains are to be found in the ease of fine-tuning their properties, which translates in facilitating further investigations toward BDILs as designer solvents and catalysts.

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Wei, Hongquan, Yuanhong Li, Chen Zhao, Xuejun Jiang, Hongduo Chen, Ming-Fei Lang e Jing Sun. "Cyclin A1 Is Expressed in Mouse Ovary". International Journal of Medical Sciences 11, n. 7 (2014): 754–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ijms.8059.

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Brothers, H. M., T. Boehmer, R. A. Campbell, S. Dorn, J. J. Kerbleski, S. Lewis, C. Mund et al. "Determination of cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes in personal care products by gas chromatography". International Journal of Cosmetic Science 39, n. 6 (15 agosto 2017): 580–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ics.12411.

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Kang, Li, Bin Luo e Jianjun Huang. "Improving the Learning Performance of Client’s Local Distribution in Cyclic Federated Learning". Image Analysis and Stereology 43, n. 1 (19 marzo 2024): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5566/ias.3131.

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Abstract (sommario):

Cyclic federated learning based on distribution information sharing and knowledge distillation (CFL_DS_KD) aims to address the challenges of non-iid data distribution and reduce communication requirements. However, when client data is extremely heterogeneous and scarce, it becomes challenging for clients to fully learn the distribution of local data using GANs, thereby affecting the overall model performance. To overcome this limitation, we propose a transfer learning approach where clients first pretrain their generators on a source domain and then fine-tune them on their local datasets. Our results on the classification of Alzheimer’s disease demonstrate that this method effectively improves client distribution learning performance and enhances the overall model performance.

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He, Fengxia, Chuansheng Zheng, Chao Pang, Chengying Zhao, Mingyang Yang, Yunpeng Zhu, Zhong Luo, Haitao Luo, Lei Li e Haotian Jiang. "An Adaptive Deconvolution Method with Improve Enhanced Envelope Spectrum and Its Application for Bearing Fault Feature Extraction". Sensors 24, n. 3 (1 febbraio 2024): 951. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24030951.

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To address the problem that complex bearing faults are coupled to each other, and the difficulty of diagnosis increases, an improved envelope spectrum–maximum second-order cyclostationary blind deconvolution (IES-CYCBD) method is proposed to realize the separation of vibration signal fault features. The improved envelope spectrum (IES) is obtained by integrating the part of the frequency axis containing resonance bands in the cyclic spectral coherence function. The resonant bands corresponding to different fault types are accurately located, and the IES with more prominent target characteristic frequency components are separated. Then, a simulation is carried out to prove the ability of this method, which can accurately separate and diagnose fault types under high noise and compound fault conditions. Finally, a compound bearing fault experiment with inner and outer ring faults is designed, and the inner and outer ring fault characteristics are successfully separated by the proposed IES-CYCBD method. Therefore, simulation and experiments demonstrate the strong capability of the proposed method for complex fault separation and diagnosis.

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Singh, Sonia, Hikmet Kadioglu, Krishna Patel, Lucie Carrier e Giulio Agnetti. "Is Desmin Propensity to Aggregate Part of its Protective Function?" Cells 9, n. 2 (20 febbraio 2020): 491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9020491.

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Desmin is the major protein component of the intermediate filaments (IFs) cytoskeleton in muscle cells, including cardiac. The accumulation of cleaved and misfolded desmin is a cellular hallmark of heart failure (HF). These desmin alterations are reversed by therapy, suggesting a causal role for the IFs in the development of HF. Though IFs are known to play a role in the protection from stress, a mechanistic model of how that occurs is currently lacking. On the other hand, the heart is uniquely suited to study the function of the IFs, due to its inherent, cyclic contraction. That is, HF can be used as a model to address how IFs afford protection from mechanical, and possibly redox, stress. In this review we provide a brief summary of the current views on the function of the IFs, focusing on desmin. We also propose a new model according to which the propensity of desmin to aggregate may have been selected during evolution as a way to dissipate excessive mechanical and possibly redox stress. According to this model, though desmin misfolding may afford protection from acute injury, the sustained or excessive accumulation of desmin aggregates could impair proteostasis and contribute to disease.

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Velho, Renata Voltolini, Franziska Werner e Sylvia Mechsner. "Endo Belly: What Is It and Why Does It Happen?—A Narrative Review". Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, n. 22 (19 novembre 2023): 7176. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12227176.

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Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disease where endometrial-like lesions settle outside the uterus, resulting in extensive inflammatory reactions. It is a complex disease that presents with a range of symptoms, with pain and infertility being the most common. Along with severe dysmenorrhea, cyclic and acyclic lower abdominal pain, cyclic dysuria and dyschezia, dyspareunia, and infertility, there are also nonspecific complaints that can cause confusion and make endometriosis the chameleon among gynecological diseases. These symptoms include unspecific intestinal complaints, cyclic diarrhea, but also constipation, nausea, vomiting, and stomach complaints. It appears that in addition to general bowel symptoms, there are also specific symptoms related to endometriosis such as cyclic bloating of the abdomen, known as endo belly. During the second half of the menstrual cycle leading up to menstruation, the abdomen becomes increasingly bloated causing discomfort and pain due to elevated sensitivity of the intestinal wall. Patients with endometriosis exhibit a reduced stretch pain threshold of the intestinal wall. Here, we review the endo belly, for the first time, pathophysiology and the influence of other diseases (such as irritable bowel syndrome—IBS), microbiome, hormonal levels, inflammation, and diet on the presentation of this condition.

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Tuttle, Mark E., Arun Pasricha e Ashley F. Emery. "The Nonlinear Viscoelastic-Viscoplastic Behavior of IM7/5260 Composites Subjected to Cyclic Loading". Journal of Composite Materials 29, n. 15 (ottobre 1995): 2025–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002199839502901505.

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Pasricha, Arun, Mark E. Tuttle e Ashley F. Emery. "Time-dependent response of IM7/5260 composites subjected to cyclic thermo-mechanical loading". Composites Science and Technology 55, n. 1 (gennaio 1995): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-3538(95)00095-x.

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Pasricha, Arun, Mark E. Turtle e Ashley F. Emery. "Time-dependent response of IM7/5260 composites subjected to cyclic thermo-mechanical loading". Composites Science and Technology 56, n. 1 (gennaio 1996): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-3538(95)00130-1.

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Guo, Z. Q., e L. J. Sluys. "Computational modelling for description of rubber-like materials with permanent deformation under cyclic loading". Interaction and multiscale mechanics 1, n. 3 (25 settembre 2008): 317–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/imm.2008.1.3.317.

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Bardhan, P. K., A. S. MH Rahman, S. Islam, M. Rahman e K. Gyr. "Effects of Tropisetron, a 5-Hydroxytryptamine Type 3 Receptor Blocker, on Intestinal Secretion Induced by Cholera Toxin or Deoxycholic Acid in Rabbits In Vivo". Journal of International Medical Research 21, n. 6 (novembre 1993): 323–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030006059302100603.

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It has been suggested that 5-hydroxytryptamine is involved in the pathogenesis of various intestinal hypersecretory states including cholera. In this study, the effect of tropisetron (ICS 205-930), a specific 5-hydroxytryptamine type-3 receptor blocker, on jejunal and colonic fluid secretion induced respectively by cholera toxin and deoxycholic acid was investigated in rabbits using isolated loops of intestine in vivo. Marked fluid accumulation in both the jejunal and colonic loops was observed after exposure to cholera toxin and deoxycholic acid respectively. Elevation of jejunal and colonic mucosal cyclic adenosine monophosphate concentrations was also noted. Intraperitoneal administration of tropisetron dose-dependent inhibited jejunal secretion induced by cholera toxin. In contrast, no significant anti-secretory effect of tropisetron was observed against colonic secretion induced by deoxycholic acid. Tropisetron did not affect elevated mucosal cyclic adenosine monophosphate concentrations. The inhibitory effect of tropisetron on intestinal secretion induced by cholera toxin, which was independent of cyclic adenosine monophosphate formation, suggests that 5- hydroxytryptamine plays an important role in this type of secretion.

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Odemuyiwa, Solomon O., Ramses Ilarraza, Francis Davoine, Michael R. Logan, Anooshirvan Shayeganpour, Yingqi Wu, Carina Majaesic, Darryl J. Adamko, Redwan Moqbel e Paige Lacy. "Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 regulates degranulation in human eosinophils". Immunology 144, n. 4 (9 marzo 2015): 641–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/imm.12416.

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Carmean, Christopher M., Norihide Yokoi, Harumi Takahashi, Okechi S. Oduori, Christie Kang, Akiko Kanagawa, Andrew G. Kirkley et al. "Arsenic modifies serotonin metabolism through glucuronidation in pancreatic β-cells". American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 316, n. 3 (1 marzo 2019): E464—E474. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00302.2018.

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In arsenic-endemic regions of the world, arsenic exposure correlates with diabetes mellitus. Multiple animal models of inorganic arsenic (iAs, as As3+) exposure have revealed that iAs-induced glucose intolerance manifests as a result of pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. To define the mechanisms responsible for this β-cell defect, the MIN6-K8 mouse β-cell line was exposed to environmentally relevant doses of iAs. Exposure to 0.1–1 µM iAs for 3 days significantly decreased glucose-induced insulin secretion (GIIS). Serotonin and its precursor, 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), were both decreased. Supplementation with 5-HTP, which loads the system with bioavailable 5-HTP and serotonin, rescued GIIS, suggesting that recovery of this pathway was sufficient to restore function. Exposure to iAs was accompanied by an increase in mRNA expression of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide a6a ( Ugt1a6a), a phase-II detoxification enzyme that facilitates the disposal of cyclic amines, including serotonin, via glucuronidation. Elevated Ugt1a6a and UGT1A6 expression levels were observed in mouse and human islets, respectively, following 3 days of iAs exposure. Consistent with this finding, the enzymatic rate of serotonin glucuronidation was increased in iAs-exposed cells. Knockdown by siRNA of Ugt1a6a during iAs exposure restored GIIS in MIN6-K8 cells. This effect was prevented by blockade of serotonin biosynthesis, suggesting that the observed iAs-induced increase in Ugt1a6a affects GIIS by targeting serotonin or serotonin-related metabolites. Although it is not yet clear exactly which element(s) of the serotonin pathway is/are most responsible for iAs-induced GIIS dysfunction, this study provides evidence that UGT1A6A, acting on the serotonin pathway, regulates GIIS under both normal and pathological conditions.

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Titova, O. N., e S. V. Moiseev. "Clinical and pharmacological justification of triple therapy with two long-acting bronchodilators and inhaled corticosteroid in patients with COPD". Clinical pharmacology and therapy 30, n. 1 (1 marzo 2021): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.32756/0869-5490-2021-1-61-69.

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Long-acting β 2 adrenoceptor agonists (LABA) and/or longacting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) should be used as monotherapy or in combination for the initial treatment in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Triple inhaled therapy with LABA, LAMA, and inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) has been recommended for COPD patients who still have clinically significant symptoms following the use of a dual inhaler with LABA plus LAMA, particularly for those who present with frequent exacerbations, blood eosinophilia and/or concomitant bronchial asthma. Experimental studies on human isolated airways suggested that LABA, LAMA, and ICS synergistically relax the medium and small bronchi probably as a result of enhanced elevation of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) that mediates relaxation of airway smooth muscle cells. Synergy of LABA and LAMA was also shown in a few clinical studies, whereas in the randomized controlled trials triple therapy with two long-acting bronchodilatators and ICS was more effective than various dual combinations (LABA/LAMA or ICS/LABA) in patients with severe COPD. These findings justify triple therapy in patients with severe COPD who have frequent exacerbations and do not respond to dual therapy. Recently, a single inhalers containing ICS, LABA, and LAMA have been developed as a more practical alternative, which may improve therapy compliance.

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Thamm, M., K. Sturm, J. Schlossmann e R. Scheiner. "Levels and activity of cyclic guanosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase in nurse and forager honeybees". Insect Molecular Biology 27, n. 6 (12 settembre 2018): 815–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/imb.12520.

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Jain, Jayesh R., e Somnath Ghosh. "Homogenization based continuum damage mechanics model for monotonic and cyclic damage evolution in 3D composites". Interaction and multiscale mechanics 1, n. 2 (25 giugno 2008): 279–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/imm.2008.1.2.279.

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Patricio, Jonathan N., Ser John Lynon P. Perez e Susan D. Arco. "Carboxylate-Functionalized Imidazolium-Based Binary Ionic Liquids as Electrolytes for Symmetric Carbon-Based Supercapacitors". Materials Science Forum 998 (giugno 2020): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.998.233.

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Ionic liquids (ILs) containing 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium (EMIM) cations and carboxylate anions were prepared using solventless sonochemical synthesis followed by a facile halide-to-anion exchange method and were characterized for their structural and electrochemical properties. The structures of the synthesized ILs were found to significantly affect their electrochemical window (EW) and varied anions exhibited different reductive and oxidative limits. Ionic conductivity and cyclic voltammetry measurements revealed that [EMIM] hexanoate and [EMIM]2[oxalate] offered relatively high ionic conductivity values and wide EWs. A 1:1 binary IL mixture based on the synthesized ILs was prepared and its EW was found to significantly vary as compared with the EWs of the individual component ILs. Supercapacitor prototypes were then fabricated with edge-oxidized graphene sheets as conductive additives for the electrodes and electrospun nanofibers as separator membranes. An electric-double layer capacitive behaviour associated to the ion diffusion process of the electrolyte ions onto the porous electrode surface was shown and quasi-rectangular curves were observed having no redox peaks at any point in the generated repetitive voltammograms. These considerable results have shown valuable insights for further development of binary IL electrolytes for energy storage devices.

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Báez, Navarro, Fuenzalida, Aguirre, Arévalo, Afonso, García, Ramírez e Palenzuela. "Electrical and Electrochemical Behavior of Carbon Paste Electrodes Modified with Ionic Liquids Based in N-Octylpyridinium Bis(Trifluoromethylsulfonyl)Imide. A Theoretical and Experimental Study". Molecules 24, n. 18 (17 settembre 2019): 3382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24183382.

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In this work, we studied carbon paste electrodes (CPEs) with two kinds of binders: mineral oil or ionic liquids (IL) derived from N-substituted octyl pyridinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide with the substituents H-, CH3-, CN- and CF3-. The work aims to study this series of IL and determine a possible effect of the substituent of the cation in the behavior of the IL as a binder of graphite for obtaining IL-CPEs. The electrochemical response and the electrical behavior were measured by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, respectively. Surprisingly, the substituent does not affect the cyclic voltammetry response because in all the cases, high resistance and high capacitive currents were obtained. The best response in terms of conductivity is obtained by CPE. In the case of impedance measurements, the substituent does not cause differences, and in all the cases, the IL-CPEs show nearly the same responses. CPE shows lower capacitance and higher resistance for diffusion compared to the IL-CPEs due to his lower porosity. The high resistance showed by the IL-CPEs by cyclic voltammetry can be attributed to poorly intermolecular forces among graphite, water, electrolyte, and ILs as demonstrated by theoretical calculations.

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