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1
Slimani, Sandra. "L’accès aux soins des personnes incarcérées". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PA080061.
Abstract (sommario):
Près de trente ans après le transfert de la prise en charge sanitaire des personnes incarcérées au ministère de la Santé, les données disponibles laissent toujours apparaître une situation contrastée. En témoignent les rapports alarmants du contrôleur général des lieux de privation de liberté et la jurisprudence de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme. La France est confrontée à un phénomène de surpopulation qui concourt en grande partie à l’indignité des conditions de détention et à l’ineffectivité de leurs droits. Le milieu carcéral infléchit le droit à l’accès aux soins, tandis que l’état de santé du détenu influence l’exécution de sa peine. La question centrale qui se pose alors est celle de savoir si ce droit ne s’arrête pas aux portes des établissements pénitentiaires ? ... La première partie de la thèse procède à une analyse des caractéristiques et des difficultés inhérentes à la population carcérale, mais également à la prison, permettant de mettre en évidence la nécessité d’un droit spécifique à l’accès aux soins. Les établissements pénitentiaires, outre leur fonction initiale tenant à la préparation et à l’exécution des décisions judiciaires, sont devenus des lieux de prise en charge sanitaire des personnes que la société peine de plus en plus à assumer. Les contraintes carcérales restent par ailleurs au premier plan : impératifs de sécurité, surpopulation, établissements vétustes et insalubres, moyens budgétaires, matériels et humains insuffisants. Elles sont autant de freins au plein exercice des droits fondamentaux reconnus à tout patient. La personne incarcérée, à l’état de santé plus dégradé que la population générale, n’est pas un patient comme les autres. Elle se trouve dans une situation de double vulnérabilité en ce qu’elle est un malade dépendant de l’administration pénitentiaire. ... L’objet de la deuxième partie s’attache à la fragile conquête du statut de patient en faveur des prisonniers. Si l’impulsion internationale et européenne est certaine, elle n’a que timidement contribué à transposer les droits des personnes malades et des usagers du système de santé à l’égard de la population carcérale. Les pratiques ont évolué, mais la mise en conformité de la prison avec le droit commun demeure lacunaire, en dépit de l’intervention du législateur et de l’élargissement du contrôle des juges nationaux. Il existe une distorsion entre les droits reconnus et leur effectivité, ce qui fait de la prise en charge sanitaire des personnes incarcérées un véritable enjeu de santé publique. ... L’État est par conséquent tenu de réexaminer ses modalités d’action et de redéfinir ses dispositions législatives afin qu’elles ne deviennent pas elles-mêmes source d’atteintes. Un projet de loi devrait être déposé dans ce sens, pour ne plus faire de la prison une cause de perte de chance pour le patient détenuNearly thirty years after the transfer of the health care of prisoners to the Ministry of Health, the available data still reveal a contrasting situation. This is demonstrated by the alarming reports from the Controller General for Places of Deprivation of Liberty and the case law of the European Court of Human Rights. France is confronted with a phenomenon of overcrowding which largely contributes to the unworthiness of the custody conditions and the ineffectiveness of their rights. The prison environment influences the right to care access, while the prisoner's state of health influences the execution of his sentence. The key issue which then arises is whether this right does not stop at the gates of jails ? ...The first part of the thesis proceeds to an analysis of the features and difficulties inherent to the prison population but also to the prison itself, making it possible to highlight the need for a specific public health policy. In addition to their initial function relating to the preparation and execution of judicial decisions, jails have become places of health care for people whom society is finding them more complicated to take on. Prison constraints remain at the forefront : security imperatives, overcrowding, dilapidated and unsanitary establishments, insufficient financial, material and human resources. They are obstacles to the full exercise of the fundamental rights granted to all patients. The prisoner, in a worse state of health than the general population, is not a patient like the others. He is in a situation of double vulnerability in that he is a patient dependent on the jail administration. ... The object of the second part focuses on the fragile conquest of patient status for prisoners. If the international and european impetus is certain, it has only slowly contributed to transposing the rights of sick people and users of the health system with regard to the prison population. Practices have evolved, but the prison compliance with the common law remains incomplete, despite the intervention of the legislator and the extension of the control of national judges. There is a distortion between recognized rights and their effectiveness, which makes the health care of prisoners a real public health issue. ... Therefore, the State have to reconsider its methods of action and to redefine its legislation so that they do not themselves become a source of violations. A bill should be tabled in this direction, to no longer make prison a cause of loss of opportunity for the detained patient
2
Newman, Michael John 1976. "Design and control of a Universal Custom Power Conditioner (UCPC)". Monash University, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, 2003. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5651.
3
Bagabo, Paul Wambi. "Commitment to the East African community customs union protocol, 2004-2009". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3731/.
Abstract (sommario):
The thesis analyses commitment to the EAC customs union protocol. In contrast to previous studies, this research compares state preferences at the negotiation stage with their adherence to each provision in the protocol during the transposition, enforcement and application stages of the protocol. Based on data from fifty semi-structured interviews plus secondary sources, the analysis reveals that partner states are more successful at adhering to the customs related- than trade related provisions in the protocol. Drawing on enforcement, management and constructivist approaches in integration literature, the research identifies three factors that explain inadequate commitment by partner states: the weakness of the EAC secretariat’s monitoring and sanctioning system, strategic preferences of partner states to protect domestic business interests, and overlapping membership to multiple regional arrangements with different rules which affects adequate interpretation and compliance with the protocol. The findings call for more attention to the concept of ‘completeness’ of transposition and show that a disaggregated level of analysis that takes the preferences of partner states at the negotiation stage into consideration better accounts for the inadequate commitment to regional directives. The findings call for larger multi-sectoral case studies and include assessment of the design of regional arrangements.
4
Davie, Neil A. J. "Custom and conflict in a Wealden village : Pluckley 1550-1700". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a39fbf1a-88ce-4ba3-a53a-d649587c4a6d.
Abstract (sommario):
This thesis aims to determine the relationship between demographic/socio-economic and cultural change in an early modern English village. The village of Pluckley in the Weald of Kent was chosen for the richness of surviving documentation both at a regional and a parochial level. This has enabled Pluckley's experience over the 150-year period after 1550 to be located in the context of regional developments, thus permitting a fuller appreciation of the significance of such micro-history to the national life of the period. Pluckley's geographical location on the boundary between scarpland and wealden Kent resulted in a relative shortage of common, waste and forest suitable for encroachment or squatting. This spared the village the high levels of immigration found in many woodland-pasture communities, but considerable indigenous population growth during the 1590s-1620s needed to be accomodated. This required the sub-division of many existing holdings; a process made possible by the expansion of textile manufacture in the region. The result was two-fold: a consolidation in the position of small husbandmen and craftsmen in the village at the expense of more substantial landholders; and an increase in the numerical importance of Pluckley's poorest strata -labourers, cottagers, poor craftsmen and widows. Two responses to the interlocking demographic and economic crisis of the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries can be observed. One was the emigration of perhaps ten per cent of Pluckley's households in the three decades following the industrial crisis of 1630-1. The other was revealed in the apparent resentment of some village officeholders -many of them middling farmers not immune to the financial pressures of the period- to the increased burden posed by the expanding population of poor in the village. This resentment found expression in an attempt to tighten standards of sexual and marital conduct during the period 1590-1640. There is no evidence, however/ that sustained reforming activity in the village extended beyond sexual regulation to other 'disorders' associated by contemporaries with popular culture. Relatively low levels of poverty in the village (compared with elsewhere in mid-Kent) may have hindered the emergence of a powerful Puritan lobby bent on such reforms; though fissures within Pluckley's ruling elite as well as demographic and economic developments may have played their part in the continuing weakness of the 'godly' cause.
5
Partlow, Adam. "A knowledge based engineering system for the prescription and manufacture of custom contoured seating for clients with severe musculoskeletal and postural conditions". Thesis, University of South Wales, 2014. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/a-knowledge-based-engineering-system-for-the-prescription-and-manufacture-of-custom-contoured-seating-for-clients-with-severe-musculoskeletal-and-postural-conditions(d6dbc8e7-3874-4f1a-a824-1583b0250f52).html.
Abstract (sommario):
This thesis presents a study into the feasibility of applying a Knowledge Based Engineering System to the manufacture and prescription of custom contoured seating. The custom contoured seats are designed to meet the needs of clients of Cardiff and Vale University Health Board’s Rehabilitation Engineering Unit who have neurological, musculoskeletal and/or other conditions that result in limited movement, complex body shapes and poor posture. The custom contoured seats provide accommodation or correction for poor posture whilst improving the client’s function and comfort level, minimising risk to the client and in some cases providing therapeutic benefits such as improving the client’s unsupported posture. The literature review showed that there is not currently a technique in development or envisaged that would perform the task of the system being investigated in this thesis. Three techniques were identified, two for the prescription of wheelchairs based on a series of extensive questions, the output of which is a wheelchair with no custom contoured seating. The third technique converts pressure readings of clients with low complexity conditions sitting on a flat surface into a custom contoured seat. The client group being investigated in this study are unable to sit unsupported and would not be able to provide a meaningful pressure reading when held in position due to the shape of most of the clients’ bodies. Algorithms were developed to extract useful features from Cardiff and Vale University Health Board’s Rehabilitation Engineering Unit’s mechanical shape sensor; which is called the Cardiff Body Match. The features extracted from the measurements were designed to reduce the dimensionality of the data and inform a clinical engineer as to the anthropometry of the client seated in the Cardiff Body Match mechanical shape sensor. The algorithms developed were able to correct errors in measurements, estimate the location of pelvic landmarks and provide a classification of the curvature of the back. Engineering rules were elicited from clinical engineers at Cardiff and Vale University Health Board’s Rehabilitation Engineering Unit and from the literature. The engineering rules were described in plain English and represented using a novel approach based on notations used in predicate calculus. The engineering rules’ application was tested and the shape of a custom contoured seat that could be produced with the Knowledge Based Engineering System was demonstrated. This study has shown that through further research a Knowledge Based Engineering System for the manufacture and prescription of custom contoured seating for clients of Cardiff and Vale University Health Board’s Rehabilitation Engineering Unit is possible. This thesis contributes to the knowledge by demonstrating the feasibility of the Knowledge Based Engineering System, developing the bespoke algorithms and the novel collection of knowledge through elicitation.
6
Gibson, David, N. B. Penrose, Michael Doerr e Gary Borgen. "HSTSS-DAC CUSTOM INTEGRATED CIRCUITS FOR SUBMINIATURE PCM TELEMETRY AND SIGNAL CONDITIONING". International Foundation for Telemetering, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/608711.
Abstract (sommario):
International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 25-28, 1999 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaTo meet specific test and evaluation requirements, the Hardened Subminiature Telemetry and Sensor Systems (HSTSS) program is addressing the miniaturization and ‘G’ hardening of telemetry components. Two custom Integrated Circuits (ICs) are in development to support the design of miniature Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) systems with up to 128 analog input channels. This paper describes the design and development of the custom IC chips of the HSTSS Data Acquisition Chipset (DAC). The original requirements, the roll of the Integrated Product Team (IPT), design decisions, a discussion of the additional features, and practical limitations of the Data Acquisition Chipset will be covered.
7
Lai, Siu Kay Stephen. "Struggling against social disadvantages : the life stories of six "new immigrant families" in Hong Kong in the 1990's". HKBU Institutional Repository, 1999. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/133.
8
Boni, Stefano. "Hierarchy in twentieth-century Sefwi (Ghana)". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c3238187-7e9d-465d-b9e4-63ea1ad7eda1.
Abstract (sommario):
The dissertation aims to provide an understanding of the relation between political-economic power and the attribution of social value in twentieth-century Sefwi (Ghana). The existing literature on relations of dominance amongst the Akan has flaws: works examine single relations of dominance in isolation; studies focus mostly on discontinuity and change; peripheral areas are neglected. In the dissertation these issues are addressed. Hierarchy is used as an analytical tool which enables one to link diverse expressions of dominance; the persistence of certain hierarchical patterns throughout the twentieth century is analysed alongside transformations; and the focus is on Sefwi, a marginal region of the Akan world. The dissertation is divided into five sections. The introduction presents the methodological and theoretical approach adopted in the work. Part one is concerned with change in hierarchical patterns: twentieth-century dynamics are analysed to determine the extent of change with reference to chiefly power, capitalist.relations and gender issues. Part two shows that unequal relations inform three hierarchical domains -ancestry, gender and seniority. Part three addresses the issue of the coherence and unity of hierarchy by examining modes of organization of experience that cut across the three domains of inequality: reference is made to the use of kinship terms; concepts of ownership, caretakership and help; recourse to the supernatural; food and drink transactions. In the conclusion, Sefwi hierarchy is examined in a wider comparative and theoretical perspective with reference to the notions of 'encompassing of the contrary' (Dumont) and 'fetishization' (Marx).
9
Akuupa, Michael Uusiku. "Checking the Kulcha: Local discourse of culture in the Kavango region in Namibia". Thesis, University of Westen Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_7832_1204118330.
Abstract (sommario):
This thesis makes an ethnographic contribution to the anthropological debates about the contested nature of &lsquo
culture&rsquo
as a central term in the discipline. It examines discourses as tools that create, recreate, modify and transmit culture. The research was done in the town of Rundu in Kavango region, northeastern Namibia. In attempting to understand the local notions of culture this study focused on two main events: the Independence Day celebration on 21 March 2006 and a funeral that was held earlier in the month of January. During the study two particular media through which cultural ideas are negotiated, language and clothing were observed.
10
McNeil, Charles A. "Carved from stone? : community life and work in Barre, Vermont, 1900-1922". Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61921.
11
Drum, Mary Therese, e mikewood@deakin edu au. "Women, religion and social change in the Philippines: Refractions of the past in urban filipinas' religious practices today". Deakin University. School of Social Inquiry, 2001. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20060825.115435.
Abstract (sommario):
This research is an exploration of the place of religious beliefs and practices in the life of contemporary, predominantly Catholic, Filipinas in a large Quezon City Barangay in Metro Manila. I use an iterative discussion of the present in the light of historical studies, which point to women in pre-Spanish Filipino society having been the custodians of a rich religious heritage and the central performers in a great variety of ritual activities. I contend that although the widespread Catholic evangelisation, which accompanied colonisation, privileged male religious leadership, Filipinos have retained their belief in feminine personages being primary conduits of access to spiritual agency through which the course of life is directed. In continuity with pre-Hispanic practices, religious activities continue to be conceived in popular consciousness as predominantly womens sphere of work in the Philippines. I argue that the reason for this is that power is not conceived as a unitary, undifferentiated entity. There are gendered avenues to prestige and power in the Philippines, one of which directly concerns religious leadership and authority. The legitimacy of religious leadership in the Philippines is heavily dependent on the ability to foster and maintain harmonious social relations. At the local level, this leadership role is largely vested in mature influential women, who are the primary arbiters of social values in their local communities. I hold that Filipinos have appropriated symbols of Catholicism in ways that allow for a continuation and strengthening of their basic indigenous beliefs so that Filipinos religious beliefs and practices are not dichotomous, as has sometimes been argued. Rather, I illustrate from my research that present day urban Filipinos engage in a blend of formal and informal religious practices and that in the rituals associated with both of these forms of religious practice, women exercise important and influential roles. From the position of a feminist perspective I draw on individual womens articulation of their life stories, combined with my observation and participation in the religious practices of Catholic women from different ethnic and socio-economic backgrounds, to discuss the role of Filipinas in local level community religious leadership. I make interconnections between womens influence in this sphere, their positioning in family social relations, their role in the celebration of All Saints and All Souls Days in Metro Manilas cemeteries and the ubiquity and importance of Marian devotions. I accompany these discussions with an extensive body of pictorial plates.
12
Lin, Zhihui. "Self-representation and female agency in Qing China: genteel women's writings on their everyday practices in the inner quarters". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2018. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/508.
Abstract (sommario):
This research analyses Qing women's writings and paratexts to explore how women applied their agency to re-shape the nature of everyday practice in the boudoir, arguing that dutiful activities were not only responsibilities for the fulfillment of womanhood, but also a location for self-expression and a channel to cross the boundary of private sphere and public society. The main body of this study examines activities concerning rong 容 (appearance) and gong 功/工 (achievements/work), the practical aspects in side 四德 (four womanly virtues) defined in the Confucian values. In the part about women's appearance, this research will examine women's self-adornment and looking in the mirror, and in the part about women's work, it focuses on garment making and cooking. On this basis, this study rethinks the connotation of "four virtues," and further explores women's agency manifested in their everyday details in the late imperial period. Scholars in gender history and women's literature have conducted fruitful studies on multiple aspects of women's daily life, such as women's production and consumption, material life, household duties, literary pursuit, leisure activities, and social communications. This research attempts to examine a less-studied aspect of women's self-representation: their subjective experience in the practical aspects of the "four female virtues." How did common practices about rong and gong relate to women's opinion on body and material, inspire their emotions, and reflect their rich inner reality? How did women empower themselves through these everyday activities and in turn transform duties into a platform of self-construction and self-expression? This research focuses on the Qing dynasty, a transitional period in history that bridged traditional and modern China, to explore how women's agency was constructed in, manifested through, and embedded in the commonest everyday domestic practices. Specifically, this research focuses on four particular activities that represented rong and gong: self-adornment, looking in the mirror, garment making, and food management. I argue that women in the Qing dynasty not merely fulfilled but also tactfully transformed the Confucian expectation of "four virtues" through common practices in the everyday, and in the meanwhile, they empowered themselves by creating personally meaningful worlds within the inner quarters.
13
Bulloch, Hannah. "In pursuit of progress : narratives of transformation on a Philippine Island". Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/150762.
14
Dunk, Thomas W. (Thomas William). ""It's a workin' man's town" : class and culture in Northwestern Ontario". Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74063.
15
Köller, Kathrin. "The Al-Nebra Bedouin and the state of Israel : a case study of forced settlement, agency and resistance". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670002.
16
Silva, Francisco José da. "Custo-aluno e condições tangíveis de oferta educacional em escolas públicas do Distrito Federal : (des)igualdades à flor da pele". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/23746.
Abstract (sommario):
O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir (des)igualdades entre escolas de duas regiões administrativas do Distrito Federal, tendo como base o custo-aluno e as condições tangíveis de oferta educacional. Custo-aluno é definido como o conjunto de recursos materiais e humanos objetivamente calculados. Condições tangíveis de oferta educacional é definida como o conjunto de recursos materiais e humanos subjetivamente manifestados em sua existência real no cotidiano da escola. A amostra é composta de doze escolas públicas de educação básica (educação infantil; séries iniciais do ensino fundamental; séries finais do ensino fundamental; ensino médio; e educação especial), sendo seis da Região Administrativa de Brasília (RA-Brasília) e seis da Região Administrativa da Samambaia (RA-Samamambaia). Dados foram também coletados de mais duas escolas diferentes, localizadas na RA-Brasília e tidas como custo-adicional à escola (CAE), a saber: Centro de Línguas de Brasília (CLB) e Escola-Parque de Brasília (EPB). Itens de custo incluídos na pesquisa: salário de pessoal (docente e não-docente); material de consumo; material permanente; outros insumos (serviços de terceiros; água/esgoto; energia elétrica; telefone; internet banda larga; e gás GLP); prédio; e terreno. Os dados de salário de pessoal e material permanente foram coletados em cada escola e os demais por meio de documentos oficiais (portarias da Secretaria de Estado de Educação do Distrito Federal; Carta Tributária do Distrito Federal de 2008; relatórios orçamentários de obras de escolas novas). Esta investigação ainda coletou dados por intermédio de observações semi-estruturadas e muitas conversas informais com docentes, não-docentes, alunos e pais de todas as escolas que compõem a amostra de pesquisa. O texto está organizado em cinco capítulos. O primeiro apresenta o conceito de custo e dos vários termos que a ele estão relacionados. O segundo capítulo é referente a uma revisão de literatura sobre custo-aluno no Brasil, no Distrito Federal e nos Estados Unidos da América, em que informações básicas de cada um dos trabalhos são apresentadas, tais como: título; autor(es); tipo de documento (relatório de pesquisa; livro; artigo; dissertação; tese; monografia, etc.); ano (de coleta de dados e de publicação); objetivo(s); insumos considerados; tipo de custo (direto; indireto; direto e indireto, etc.); procedimentos metodológicos; peculiaridades; e principais resultados. Já o terceiro capítulo aborda alguns conceitos de François Dubet, Amartya Sen e John Rawls, e indica possíveis articulações teóricas com os elementos centrais da tese (custo-aluno e condições tangíveis de oferta educacional). O quarto capítulo, por sua vez, expõe de forma detalhada a metodologia. Este capítulo pretende explicar as opções adotadas e a forma como as mesmas foram implementadas, sobretudo no que concerne à coleta de dados. Por fim, o quinto capítulo, em que os dados de custo são apresentados e analisados. Alguns resultados da pesquisa: custo-aluno relativamente elevado em ambas as regiões administrativas; custo-aluno da RA-Brasília mais elevado que o da RA-Samambaia em todas as etapas e modalidades; pobreza dos recursos materiais em ambas as regiões.The goal of this study is to discuss in(equalities) between public schools from two administrative regions of the Federal District through cost-per-pupil and tangible conditions of education. Cost-per-pupil is defined as the set of material and human resources which are objectively calculated. Tangible conditions are defined as the set of material goods and human resources which area obtained subjectively within the actual school setting. The sample is composed of twelve basic education public schools from kindergarten to high school (preschool; elementary school; intermediate school; middle school; high school; and special education), six schools from the Brasília Administrative Region (AR-Brasília) and six schools from the Samambaia Administrative Region (AR-Samambaia). Data was also collected from two different schools which are located in the AR-Brasília (Brasília Centre of Languages -BCL and Brasília Park School – BPS). The overalls costs of these two schools are defined as additional-cost to school (ACS). Items of cost in this research are: personnel salaries (classroom teachers and all additional staff including professional and nonprofessional support staff); supplies; equipment; others (contracted workers; utility bills [water/sewage; electricity; gas; telephone; broad band internet]); building structure; and land. Personnel salaries and equipment were collected inside each school and all others through official documents/budget review (government guidelines from the Secretary of Education of the Federal District; Land Official Report of the Federal District of 2008; engineering budget reports from new school buildings). This investigation also collected data through semi-structured observations and many informal dialogues with teachers, non-professionals, students, and parents from all sample schools. This study is divided into five chapters. The first chapter presents the concept of cost and terms that are related to it. The second chapter shows a literature review of cost-per-pupil in Brazil, in the Federal District, and in the United States of America in which basic information about each reviewed study are presented, such as: title; author(s); type of publication (research report; book; survey; thesis; dissertation; monograph, etc); year of the data collection and the publication) goal(s); items of cost; type of cost (direct, indirect, etc.); methodological procedures; peculiarities; and main results. The third chapter approaches some concepts from François Dubet, Amartya Sen, and John Rawls, and indicates possible theoretical links with the main categories of this dissertation (cost-per-pupil and the tangible conditions of education). The fourth chapter in turn exposes the methodology in detail. This chapter intends to explain the elected options and their means of implementation, especially those related to data collection. Finally, the fifth chapter, data is presented and analyzed. Some results of this research: the cost-per-pupil is relatively high in both administrative regions; the cost-per-pupil in Brasília is higher than in Samambaia in all levels; deficient material resources are a reality in both regions.
17
Folch-Serra, Mireya. "Communicating food images : women's consumption patterns and attitudes in a Mexican village". Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66167.
18
Shannon, Stacey. "Portraying the human side of Middletown and its geographic class division". Virtual Press, 2002. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1246471.
Abstract (sommario):
Since the arrival of Robert and Helen Lynd to Muncie, Indiana, in the 1920s, Muncie has perhaps become the most studied city. The Lynds, who referred to Muncie as "Middletown," produced two studies on the city looking at sociological topics. In the 1970s, Theodore Caplow and a team of researchers reproduced the study with Middletown residents to create Middletown III. A recent, still unpublished, Middletown IV was conducted in the city again by Caplow's group in 1999.Yet in all of these years of studies and through all of the attention the studies received in various media, the human side of Muncie has been neglected. There have been no articles written about the people behind the statistics, the very citizens who make up Muncie. Nor has much elaboration been done concerning the geographic class divide that the Lynds first identified in the 1920s.For these reasons, four families were sought to be profiled in-depth concerning the same topics that were presented in the Middletown studies: work, education, family, religion, and leisure and community activities. They were also asked for their opinions on Muncie as a community. To characterize the existence or prove the nonexistence of the geographic class division in the city, two families were selected from each side of town using Indiana 32/Jackson Street as the division between north and south Muncie.Though the four families are only a very small part of the population in Muncie, together they fulfilled most of the Middletown studies' findings, including that there is indeed a division between north and south Muncie.Department of Journalism
19
AL-EISA, ABDULAZIZ AHMED. "AN ECOLOGICAL STUDY OF BEDOUIN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL EDUCATION IN HAIL PROVINCE: SAUDI ARABIA (CULTURAL ECOLOGY)". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/188062.
Abstract (sommario):
The purpose of this study was to ascertain the relationship of formal elementary education to the social, cultural, economic and physical environment of the Bedouin in Hail Province, Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia has modernized rapidly, but the Bedouin have remained isolated from the urban changes. A total of 240 Bedouin elders were interviewed in group meetings in the Bedouin camps. Eight teachers who taught hygiene, history, geography, mathematics, and reading and forty students selected by the use of random tables were interviewed at Al Zahra elementary school in Mawqiq village which was near the Bedouin camps. The researcher designed a set of questions to find cultural characteristics of the tribe as well as attitudes toward education and the value of formal education to the Bedouin either in their nomadic existence or in the village. A cultural ecology approach was used in analyzing the data. Much of the information obtained through fieldwork was not available from other sources at this time. The researcher observed the social environment, analyzed school textbooks, and reviewed current literature on the subject of Bedouin education. The Bedouin environment was found to be a harsh desert setting, but the Bedouin had a long and proud history. Neither local geography nor history of the Bedouin was included in the school curriculum. Textbooks did not include Bedouin culture, and teachers did not encourage discussion or applications of learning to the Bedouin students. It was discovered that the Bedouin had not changed as much as the rest of the country, and were in need of special educational programs in order to enable them to fit into the modern world of Saudi Arabia whether they stayed in the desert or went to find jobs in the city. Using a cultural ecological perspective, it was found that the school was not integrated into other features of Bedouin society. The information developed by this study can be used by other researchers to enable them to plan programs especially for the Bedouin children in school, to write new textbooks, to train teachers to work with Bedouin students, and, in general, to understand and appreciate the Bedouin culture as it exists today and has existed for many centuries.
20
Podmore, Julie. "St. Lawrence Blvd. as third city : place, gender and difference along Montréal's 'Main'". Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36682.
Abstract (sommario):
At the end of the nineteenth century, St. Lawrence Boulevard, popularly known as 'the Main', attained mythical status in Montreal. Due to its particular location in the social and cultural geography of Montreal, the Main, which symbolically divides the working-class Francophone east and the Anglophone bourgeois west, has developed as a mixed-use commercial artery, an eclectic border zone of a bilingual, multi-ethnic city. The heterogeneous character of the Main is reflected in its material landscape---with its old and now largely re-used garment sweat-shops and labour halls, theatres of the red-light district, cafes, and the shops and restaurants of the mid-twentieth century immigrant shopping corridor. Shaped by the diversity of the populations that came to live, work, protest, shop or be entertained in these sites, it is an example of the social and cultural diversity of the metropolis. Such heterogeneous sites have often been interpreted as liminal spaces, but this research demonstrates that the construction and experience of the Main as a border zone have rarely been gender neutral. While physical, social and cultural heterogeneity are components of this landscape, these sites also attest to the importance of gender relations in the experience of the Main as a place of work and social life and, ultimately, as a space of representation. Its border status has often been represented through discourses and images of 'marginal' womanhood, articulated in terms of social, occupational, political, sexual and/or ethnic identity. Many of its locales, moreover, have been sites where women entered urban public life in contentious and distinctive ways.As a place that highlights the social and cultural heterogeneity of a supposedly 'divided' city, the Main is an ideal site from which to explore how ethnicity, language, class, occupation and sexual identity intersect with gender in the experience and representation of urban life. This thesis examines how a multiplicity of female gender identities have been defined and contested along the Main over the past century. It contributes to a broad literature on geographies of gender, difference and urban public cultures through an analysis of the relationships between feminist spatial metaphors and the material production of urban space. Through a series of events that move through time and sections of St. Lawrence, I examine how portions of the landscape of this boulevard have been marked by the enactment of specific sets of gender relations and forms of representation that became central to civic debates regarding gender. I argue that the construction and experience of the Main as a border zone has involved the production of specific relations of gender, alterity and space.
A variety of qualitative methods and archival sources are used to illustrate the importance of representations of gender to the production of this place and to illustrate how women have experienced and made use of material sites to express their specific occupational, cultural, religious, social or sexual identities. This thesis demonstrates the crucial role played by the border zones of urban public cultures in the construction of female identities that depart from dominant gender norms in the expression of social, cultural and sexual differences.
21
Kabemba, Assan. "Les formations socio-économiques du Maniema et le [sic] leur évolution sous l'impact des Arabo-swahili, Ca 1830-1930". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213420.
22
Razee, Husna Public Health & Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "???Being a Good Woman???: suffering and distress through the voices of women in the Maldives". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Public Health and Community Medicine, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/27258.
Abstract (sommario):
This ethnographic study explored the social and cultural context of Maldivian women???s emotional, social and psychological well-being and the subjective meanings they assign to their distress. The central question for the study was: How is suffering and distress in Maldivian women explained, experienced, expressed and dealt with? In this study participant observation was enhanced by lengthy encounters with women and with both biomedical and traditional healers. The findings showed that the suffering and distress of women is embedded in the social and economic circumstances in which they live, the nature of gender relations and how culture shapes these relations, the cultural notions related to being a good woman; and how culture defines and structures women???s place within the family and society. Explanations for distress included mystical, magical and animistic causes as well as social, psychological and biological causes. Women???s experiences of distress were mainly expressed through body metaphors and somatization. The pathway to dealing with their distress was explained by women???s tendency to normalize their distress and what they perceived to be the causes of their distress. This study provides an empirical understanding of Maldivian women???s mental well-being. Based on the findings of this study, a multi dimensional model entitled the Mandala for Suffering and Distress is proposed. The data contributes a proposed foundation upon which mental health policy and mental health interventions, and curricula for training of health care providers in the Maldives may be built. The data also adds to the existing global body of evidence on social determinants of mental health and enhances current knowledge and developments in the area of cultural competency for health care. The model and the lessons learnt from this study have major implications for informing clinicians on culturally congruent ways of diagnosing and managing mental health problems and developing patient-centred mental health services.
23
Yasui, Hiroshi. "Understanding the background of the political and social movements supporting the United Nations". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2010. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1060/.
Abstract (sommario):
Although academic literature predominantly discusses UN centrism as Japan’s foreign policy, this thesis stipulates it as a popular norm supported by the Japanese public. The thesis employs the constructivist approach in understanding UN centrism as a domestic norm. Following the analytical methods employed in existing studies on norm diffusion, it identifies UN centrism is Japan’s interpretation of the international UN norms seen through the lens of its post-war domestic pacifist norm. Building on existing literature on civil society and Japanese studies, it analyses how civil movements supporting UNESCO and UNICEF have worked their way through Japanese society, traditional social behaviours and customs to diffuse the norm. The success of the civil movements has not been in spite of Japan’s weak civil society but because its characteristics have worked in their favour. The UN centrism norm at its core urges individuals to construct peace and international cooperation through the UN. The norm continues to develop, and today it has become a norm which not only urges ordinary Japanese to think about creating and maintaining peace through the UN, but also to make personal financial contributions to support UN humanitarian activities and even dictates where they should visit for their next holiday.
24
Ross, Fiona C. "Houses without doors : diffusing domesticity in Die Bos". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22410.
Abstract (sommario):
Bibliography: pages 194-207.This ethnography is the product of fourteen months of communication with residents of a squatter settlement near Somerset West in the Western Cape. The thesis explores the ways in which domestic relationships altered over the research period, locating these changing patterns in the contexts of informal settlement in the region. I show that in the context of the settlement the use of household as an analytic term was problematic because domestic relationships were fluid and ephemeral, making it difficult to establish patterns of 'belonging' over time. Network approaches are more effective than household in describing social relationships, but networks were also problematic in that they tend to assume patterns of reciprocity which were not always echoed in the behaviours of residents of Die Bos. The thesis concentrates on three main areas of social interaction. I explore labour relationships within and between households, showing that a focus solely on households obscures the processes of labour allocation within domestic units, and those which occur across their (permeable) boundaries. I examine changing patterns of commensality among some members of the population of Die Bos, showing how movement and labour were intimately linked with eating patterns. Here I show how the most effective way of describing these patterns is in terms of networks of informal interaction which are formalised briefly. I then discuss of how movements of certain sections of the population render the boundaries of domestic units extremely permeable. I conclude by showing that although the notion of household is useful in some contexts in describing interactions in Die Bos, it tends to assume too much homogeneity and constancy to describe accurately the fluidity of social relationships. Network approaches are possibly of greater use in such descriptions, but are shown to be problematic in that they assume constancy (although of a lesser degree than households do) in interaction.
25
Speroni, Katiane Sefrin. "CONTEXTO DE TRABALHO E CUSTO HUMANO NO TRABALHO: AVALIAÇÃO DOS RISCOS DE ADOECIMENTO EM TRABALHADORES DA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA". Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2016. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/7478.
Abstract (sommario):
This study aimed to investigate the illness risk by assessing the work context and the cost of human resources in the work place of primary health care workers in the city of Santa Maria, RS - Brazil. This is a cross-sectional study involving 218 healthcare workers. A questionnaire was used for assessing social-demographic and professional characterization as well as and subscales of Assessment Of Labor Context And Cost Of Human Resources At The Work Place, which is part of the Inventory of Work and Illness Risk. Data were collected from March to August 2015. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics were used. The results are presented by means of two articles, the first entitled, "Evaluation of primary care work-related health and risk of disease" in which the organization of work, social-professional relationships and working conditions primary care may offer moderate risk to workers and the second article entitled, "The relationship between the cost of human resources and work environment in primary health care" in which the affective, cognitive and physical costs were assessed as illness risk facilitators in the work context. It was found that the context and the costs were evaluated predominantly as critical. It is concluded that the higher charges for periods, intense work pace and insufficient human resources, the greater are the emotional demands of primary care workers, resulting in it being more cost effective. Therefore, it is suggested that new studies, as well as new investigative methods be carried out to investigate the mediating strategies developed by health workers in primary health care as a way of coping with the difficulties imposed by the work context and mediation of expended costs to develop their work activities.Este estudo objetivou investigar os riscos de adoecimento por meio do contexto de trabalho e custo humano no trabalho da Atenção Básica à Saúde do município de Santa Maria/RS, Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, envolvendo 218 trabalhadores da saúde. Utilizou-se um questionário para caracterização sociodemográfica e profissional e as subescalas de Avaliação do Contexto de Trabalho e Custo Humano no Trabalho, pertencentes ao Inventário sobre Trabalho e Riscos de Adoecimento. Os dados foram coletados entre os meses de março e agosto de 2015. Para análise dos dados, utilizou-se estatística descritiva e inferencial. Os resultados são apresentados por meio de dois artigos, o primeiro denominado, Avaliação do contexto de trabalho da atenção básica à saúde e o risco de adoecimento em que se verificou que a organização do trabalho, as relações socioprofissionais e as condições de trabalho da atenção básica oferecem risco moderado aos trabalhadores e, o segundo, Relação entre custo humano e contexto de trabalho na atenção básica à saúde em que os custos afetivo, cognitivo e físico foram avaliados como facilitadores de riscos de adoecimento no contexto de trabalho. Constatou-se que o contexto e os custos despendidos no trabalho foram avaliados predominantemente como críticos. Conclui-se que quanto maior a cobrança por prazos, ritmo de trabalho intenso e insuficiência de recursos humanos, maiores são exigências emocionais dos trabalhadores da atenção básica, resultando em custo afetivo maior. Portanto, sugere-se realização de novos estudos, bem como, novos métodos investigativos para averiguar as estratégias mediadoras desenvolvidas pelos trabalhadores da saúde da atenção básica à saúde como forma de enfrentamento das dificuldades impostas pelo contexto de trabalho e mediação dos custos despendidos ao desenvolverem suas atividades laborais.
26
Cogels, Serge. "Les Ntumu du Cameroun forestier: une société de non-spécialistes. Système de production, stratégies d'acquisition des ressources et enjeux du changement". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211489.
27
Dureau, Christine May. "Mixed blessings Christianity and history in women's lives on Simbo, Western Solomon Islands /". Phd thesis, Australia : Macquarie University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/71278.
Abstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Macquarie University, School of Behavioural Sciences, 1994.Bibliography: leaves 357-378.
Introduction -- MANDEGUSU -- Totoso kame rane - time long ago -- Totoso rodomo - time of darkness -- EDDYSTONE ISLAND -- Tataviti bule - pacification -- Totoso taqalo - time of light/cleanliness -- SIMBO -- Tinoa - lives -- Koburu - child -- Tinana - mother -- Vinarialava - marriage -- Rereko iviva - significant woman -- Qoele, tomate - aged woman, ancestor.
This thesis considers the ethnographic history of Simbo, a small island in the western Solomon Islands. The particular focus is upon the significance of conversion to Christianity and subsequent Christian practice, in shaping social and cultural issues and practices in the 1990s. Women's lives, in particular those aspects concerned with kinship, are the lens through which historical changes are viewed. By juxtaposing the structures suggested by indigenous lifecycle categories and the differentiation inherent in individual biographical material, I try to reflect the regularities and continuities within Simbo society as well as the variability and unpredictability of sociality at any given moment. At the same time, the mutability of structure is reflected in the transformed significance of institutions and ostensibly similar practices. -- The period under scrutiny is that between c. 1900-1990, which covers social practices and events from immediately prior to pacification and the Methodist Mission's establishment in the New Georgia Group in 1902 up until the present. I argue that since pacification, the progressive development of indigenous Christianity has been the major determinant of Simbo responses to the world system. This is not to argue that pacification represented the first intrusion of Europe or the beginning of social transformations. Constructions of indigenous societies as having been static entities before contact with Europe are critiqued. Pacification, after more than a century of contact with Europe, had revolutionary implications because of its significance from local worldviews, as much as for its demonstration of British political "legitimacy". -- Christianity, then, cannot be divorced from the reality of political and economic subordination throughout the twentieth century. Nor, however, can it be simpHstically treated as merely the ideological face of expanding capitalism. Following J. Comaroff and J.L. Comaroff, I treat the non-material aspects of social life as being as significant as the material. From its earliest days, the Methodist Mission both facilitated and hampered the interests of government and traders. But it is not only mission personnel who are important here. Simbo people have consistently shaped and deployed their own Christian frameworks. If they never resisted it, they have certainly transformed what was imposed on them ninety years ago from ideology to lived hegemony.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
xxiii, 378 leaves ill. (some col.), maps
28
Lia, Christophe. "Les Bekwil de la Ngoko-Sangha: approche anthropologique des ECI "interdits"". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211861.
29
Pellissery, Sony. "The politics of social protection in rural India : a case study of two villages". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:89acdf33-794a-4dde-b112-3800fc716fd8.
Abstract (sommario):
Social protection should ideally create a framework of 'welfare rights' for the vulnerable individuals and households. The state, through a set of policies of promotive and protective measures, sets out to achieve this. However, gaining these welfare rights in a decentralised democratic framework could be a function of the bargaining power that each individual, household and social group may possess. Therefore the micro-level interactions involving claimant, bureaucrat and local elites constitute the key policy process. Study of the process itself can reveal why some households gain formal social protection and other fail. This study argues that the local practices and informal rules underlying these public policy processes are purposively guided by the private interests of the local elites. At the heart of this dissertation is a comparative case-study of two villages in the Indian state of Maharashtra, based on eight months ethnographic fieldwork. Bottomup evaluation of two social protection programmes, public works (promotive) and social assistance (protective) programmes shows that 60 per cent of eligible persons are excluded from welfare rights. The mechanisms of exclusion and inclusion in these programmes are studied. The study reveals that both eligibility and entitlement to 'welfare rights' are contested within the power structure of the local community. The social identity of the claimant, and the ability to build a relationship with the local leaders or labour market managers act as key routes to access welfare rights. The precedence of informal rules at the stage of implementation of social protection programmes reproduced the existing social and economic power structures. As a result, the welfare rights of individuals and households are affected by the competing forces in the non-state sectors. These non-state actors, through their network, were able to weaken the administration and fair allocation of welfare benefits. Through this analysis the thesis contributes to the understanding of the local state, and decision-making practices over welfare rights in a decentralised context.
30
Ackers, Helen Inge. "Portrait busts of Roman women in the third century AD". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:68647af9-5bd3-4f93-ab36-123c2e2f09dc.
Abstract (sommario):
The purpose of this dissertation is to conduct a comprehensive study of Roman women's portrait busts of the third century AD. The free-standing portrait bust forms a discrete historical category through which to trace developments in third-century women's portraiture. The high-status, commemorative tradition of the bust and the durability of this format, which could be displayed and utilised in a large range of different contexts, made this an important portrait genre for women in the third century. These busts consequently offer powerful insight into the ideological function and status of Roman women in the third century. By placing third-century women's busts in the context of their form, history and provenance, I hope to create a methodology that allows me to ascertain the ancient intention of these portraits. My hypothesis is that, while elements of self-styling and bust-format reveal innovation, the moral vocabulary of Empire as presented in women's portrait busts did not change dramatically in the third century. I will argue that these portraits reflect the heightened ideological status of certain forms of Roman femininity in this period. Rather than being expressive of spiritual escapism or emotional turmoil women's portrait busts functioned as a means of re-confirming the Roman rhetoric of feminine virtue in the third century.
31
Le, Febvre Emilie. "Tracing visual knowledge : the presence and value of images for Bedouin history and society in the Negev". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d588d57f-2137-47b2-9ff2-3ac46799f6ad.
Abstract (sommario):
Based on eighteen months fieldwork with Bedouin of the Negev, this thesis explores the varied presence of images as photographs and digital copies for local historicity in order to achieve a greater understanding of representational politics in southern Israel. It emphasizes pictures' ability to transmute, circulate, and acquire value in various social settings in contrast to popular academic treatments, which primarily focus on photographs' iconography and visual history in the Middle East. To do so, the thesis details the biographies of a series of 'significant images' (c. 1906-2010) circulating in this society. It describes their photographic and digital graphic contents as floating referents with the capacity to be coded and recoded by people but also their presence as historical evidence that acquire value in different contexts. The thesis builds on the concept of visual economy as opposed to visual culture in order to landscape images' meanings, material and digital transformations, and their influence for the making of Bedouin history over the last century amid Orientalist, national, and local imaginings. It argues that Bedouin in the Negev possess diverse representational repertoires and utilise a variety of techniques to pursue historical capital. In particular, local representations of the past are selective and instrumental but increasingly reliant on archival mediums such as photographs. Although it may be obvious, anthropologists of the Middle East have yet to adequately account for these occurrences among peripheral peoples and not merely urbanites in the region. Research found that Bedouin spokespersons treat photographs and digital images as evidentiary documentation during self-presentations of historical knowledge in the Negev. As they travel between visual economies, however, images become malleable proof for local history projects alternating between the tribal past, Islamic heritage, and ethnohistory. In conclusion, the thesis develops two theoretical themes in anthropology and visual culture studies of the Middle East: the material and visual efficacy of images for local historicity, and complicating self-representations among Bedouin in the Negev.
32
Afsana, Kaosar. "Power, knowledge and childbirth practices : An ethnographic exploration in Bangladesh". Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2003. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/500.
Abstract (sommario):
The intent of this study is to explore why and in what ways rural, poor women in Bangladesh adhere to indigenous birth practices and resist cosmopolitan obstetric care. To understand the complexities of childbirth, a multidimensional framework encompassing culture, gender, socio-economic, political economy and historical perspectives is used. I used ethnographic methods to have deeper understanding of childbirth practices predominantly from women's voices, but strengthened by multiple other voices and my observational experiences. I gathered information in Apurbabari village, the adjacent Thana Health Complex and the Medical College Hospital using in-depth interviews and participant observation, in particular.
33
Piette, Valérie. "Servantes et domestiques: des vies sous condition; essai sur la domesticité 1789-1914". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212035.
34
Kleiva, Torgeir. "Our lives, our places : activity and movement in everyday life in the Calchaquí Valley". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669804.
35
Stephens, Katherine Bernice. "American Gypsies: Immigration, migration, settlement". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2354.
36
Murisa, Tendai. "An analysis of emerging forms of social organisation and agency in the aftermath of 'fast track' land reform in Zimbabwe". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003081.
Abstract (sommario):
The fast track land reform programme resulted in a fundamental reorganisation of rural relations in Zimbabwe, changing the landscape in an irreversible way with people from diverse backgrounds converging on former white-owned farms. This thesis tells the story of how the newly resettled land beneficiaries are organising themselves socially in response to various economic challenges. It makes a contribution towards understanding how redistributive land reforms and local government restructuring influence rural social organisation and agency. Furthermore the study examines local perceptions on the meanings of the „farm‟ and „land redistribution‟. An utterance by one war veteran “what used to be your farm is now our land and you are free to take your farm but leave our land” provides an alternative rendition to contestations of restitution versus a purely farm productionist discourse. The study, through an analysis of primary and secondary data, provides a fresh understanding of the social outcomes of fast track. It traces the evolution of land and agrarian reforms in post-independence Zimbabwe and the political and social economic context that led to „fast track‟. Through an analysis of field findings the thesis is able to define the dominant social groups that were resettled during fast track and the challenges they face in utilising the land. The findings show that the majority of the land beneficiaries were from the customary areas, with limited agricultural experiences. Local cooperation within informal networks and local farmer groups has been identified as one of the ways in which social reproduction is being organised. These groups are responsible for enhancing production capacity but they face a number of constraints. The study derives its theoretical foundation from the post 1980s debates on rural society dominated by Mafeje (1993, 2003), Rahmato (1991) and Mamdani (1996). The debates centred on how institutions of inclusion, authority and cooperation such as the lineage groups, local farmer groups and traditional authority remain relevant in the organisation of post-independent rural African society especially in a context of increased commoditisation of rural relations of production. Using theoretical insights derived from analysing the role of the lineage groups in the allocation of critical resources such as land and the influence of traditional authority (indirect rule) as a form of local government, the study examines how social organisation is emerging in areas where neither lineage nor traditional authority are not dominant. The thesis of rural cooperation through local groups as advanced by Rahmato (1991) and Moyo (2002) provides partial insights into the response mechanisms that land beneficiaries invoke in this instance. It is not necessarily an autonomous space of organisation but rather the state is actively involved through various functionaries including extension officers who invariably advance a very productionist approach. The state‟s monopoly through its local functionaries hides its political cooptation effect by emphasising organisation for production without questioning the manner in which that production is externally controlled through limited rights over land, the state‟s monopoly over inputs supply and markets for commodities. Whilst land reform has been driven by local participation through land occupations, local government reform has been technocratically determined through Ministerial directives. There is however little innovation in the form of local government that is being introduced. It expands the fusion of authority between elected Rural District Councils and unelected traditional authority functionaries. The forms of social organisation and agency that have emerged remain subordinated to the state with no links to other networks of rural producers‟ associations and urban civil society organisations. These developments form part of a longheld tradition within the Zimbabwean state where the legitimacy of local organisation and authority is usurped to service the interests of the state. Thus whilst land reform has to a certain extent accommodated the majority poor, the ensuing local government and agrarian reforms are more focused on limiting their participation in broader processes of political engagement around distribution and accumulation and their own governance.
37
Pellas, Frédéric. "Misère et charité : une économie de l'assistance dans les diocèses d'Embrun et de Gap de 1600 à 1800". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALH015.
Abstract (sommario):
Ce travail examine les processus de pauvreté, de charité et d’assistance dans les diocèses d’Embrun et de Gap de 1600 à 1798 selon trois axes. Le premier est centré sur les formes de pauvreté soit celles relatives au territoire, aux individus et à la collectivité. Les catégories de pauvres se répartissent entre ceux qui avaient un domicile, les mendiants et les ressortissants en provenance d’États Italiens en s’interrogeant notamment sur leurs formes de mobilité. Les aspects financiers en lien avec la pauvreté sont le paiement de la capitation, les professions et les travaux. Le deuxième axe est consacré à l’étude des structures de secours ; les évolutions de celles du milieu urbain furent les plus importantes car elles purent s’appuyer à la fois sur des tissus économiques et des réseaux socio-professionnels. A partir de la seconde moitié du XVIIe siècle, les directives royales mirent en place des hôpitaux généraux qui tendirent à se distinguer des structures du milieu rural ; dans celui-ci, structures civiles et structures d’inspiration religieuse constituèrent deux catégories différentes et complémentaires. Le troisième axe a pris en compte des enjeux posés par les populations marginales, soit les protestants et les populations mobiles. L’enjeu confessionnel fut centré autour de la confessionnalisation de la charité jusqu’en 1685, puis de la confessionnalisation de l’assistance après cette date. Le territoire fut également une constante préoccupation des représentants du pouvoir royal envers les mendiants, les vagabonds, les pélerins et les bohémiens. Enfin, ce travail se clot par une réflexion sur les mutations et les permanences des formes de charité dans le département des Hautes-Alpes à partir de 1789, les formes institutionnelles s’étant substituées aux initiatives civiles ou ecclésiastiques d’Ancien Régime. La lutte contre la mendicité et le vagabondage fut remplacée par la loi de 1791 qui associait vagabondage et brigandage, toutefois la mise en place du passeport illustre la place prépondérante que le territoire continuait d’occuper en Haut-Dauphiné à la fin du XVIIIe siècleThis work examines the processes of poverty, charity and assistance in the dioceses of Embrun and Gap from 1600 to 1798 along three axes. The first focuses on the forms of poverty, i.e. those relating to the territory, individuals and the community. The categories of the poor are divided into those who had a home, beggars and nationals from Italian states, with particular attention being paid to their forms of mobility. The financial aspects related to poverty are the payment of capitation, professions and work. The second axis is devoted to the study of relief structures; the evolution of those in the urban environment was the most important because they were able to rely on both economic fabrics and socio-professional networks. From the second half of the 17th century onwards, royal directives established general hospitals, which tended to differ from the structures in rural areas; in the latter, civil structures and religiously inspired structures constituted two different and complementary categories. The third axis took into account the challenges posed by marginal populations, i.e. Protestants and mobile populations. The denominational issue was centred around the confessionalization of charity until 1685, and then the confessionalization of assistance after that date. The territory was also a constant preoccupation of the representatives of the royal power towards beggars, vagrants, pilgrims and gypsies. Finally, this work ends with a reflection on the changes and permanence of forms of charity in the Hautes-Alpes department from 1789 onwards, as institutional forms replaced the civil or ecclesiastical initiatives of the Ancien Régime. The fight against begging and vagrancy was replaced by the law of 1791, which associated vagrancy and banditry, however the introduction of the passport illustrates the predominant place that the territory continued to occupy in Haut-Dauphiné at the end of the 18th century
38
Waite, Gerald E. "The red man's burden : establishing cultural boundaries in the age of technology". Virtual Press, 1994. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/902499.
Abstract (sommario):
The technology of the dominant society, the omnipresence of a cash economy, and a history of the brutal treatment of culturally distinct peoples are among the assimilative pressures faced by native peoples within the United States. Some indigenous cultures have managed to resist the forces of assimilation in ways that are both adaptive and culturally sustaining. The Pueblos of the Southwestern United States have managed to preserve their culture through the creation of cultural boundaries that are both adaptive and culturally sustaining. The processes which serve to strengthen and renew the symbols which represent these boundaries are those of "revitalization" and "resynchronization," both of which arise from Pueblo religious practices and from the Pueblos' strong sense of family.Department of Anthropology
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Tonkiss, Katherine E. "Constitutional patriotism and the post-national paradox : an exploration of migration, identity and loyalty at the local level". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3634/.
Abstract (sommario):
Theorists of constitutional patriotism argue that the binding sentiment of shared national identity can be replaced with allegiance to universal principles, interpreted into particular constitutions through ongoing deliberative processes. In this thesis, I explore the implications of such an approach for the defensibility of restrictions on migration, a subject which has previously received very little attention. I argue that constitutional patriotism implies a commitment to the free movement of individuals across borders; but that freedom of movement itself creates challenges for the implementation of constitutional patriotism. This is because it may increase anti-immigrant, nationalist sentiment in the host community. I term this phenomenon the ‘post-national paradox’. I then draw on independently collected qualitative data on Eastern European migration to English rural communities to explore this post-national paradox. I analyse the argumentative strategies, as the well as the perceptions of difference, evident in justifications of anti-immigrant and nationalist sentiment in these contexts. I highlight both perceptions of cultural and economic threat, as well as a ‘banal’ sense of national loyalty, underpinning such attitudes; and suggest that discursive practice at the most local level is necessary for the bottom up construction, or growth, of an inclusive form of identity and belonging.
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Anthonie, Alexa N. "Profiling bilingualism in an historically Afrikaans community on the Beaufort West Hooyvlakte". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2678.
Abstract (sommario):
Thesis (MA (General Linguistics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.ENGLISH SUMMARY: This sociolinguistic study examines selected aspects of the linguistic behavior of a rural language community in South Africa. The general aims are to establish first, whether this "coloured" community in the historically Afrikaans town of Beaufort West is still predominantly Afrikaans, second, whether there is evidence of language shift in the community, specifically following more use of English in other formerly Afrikaans communities after the change of government in 1994, and third, what the nature of such language shift may be. An overview of pertinent aspects of the social and political history of South Africa generally and of Beaufort West specifically, is presented in order to contextualise the language dispensation – past and present – addressed in this study. History reveals that the town in question was first named Hooyvlakte and only later acquired the name of Beaufort West. Hooyvlakte is currently the name of one of the suburbs in which a section of Beaufort West's "coloured" community resides. For the purpose of this study the larger Beaufort West community which is in focus here, is also referred to as the Hooyvlakte community The study is mainly of a qualitative nature. The respondents were 184 members of the Hooyvlakte community, they included individuals of both genders and were aged between 16 and 87 years. The only requirement for participation in this study was that the respondent should have been a Beaufort West resident for at least 15 years. Each respondent completed a questionnaire from which his/her language proficiency, language use and language preference could be assessed. The questionnaire also allowed respondents an opportunity to express their opinion on the value and practice of multilingualism in their community. The results of this study indicate that the Hooyvlakte community remains predominantly Afrikaans. There is, however, an increase in the knowledge and use of English, and despite possible limits in actual English proficiency, the residents in the Hooyvlakte mostly view themselves as balanced Afrikaans-English bilinguals. This view is related to the gradual change in linguistic identity, from an almost exclusively (often stigmatized) Afrikaans identity to a (mostly proud) Afrikaans-English bilingual one. The stigmatized "coloured" and Afrikaans identities appear to be products of South Africa's sociopolitical history of ethnic and cultural categorisation and segregation. Stigma, on the one hand, and exclusion, on the other, have led to a desire in the Hooyvlakte community to associate with a language other than Afrikaans as well. This shift to an Afrikaans-English bilingual identity contrasts with the shift from predominantly Afrikaans monolingualism to virtual monolingualism in English found in other Coloured communities studied in the Western Cape's and Eastern Cape's metropoles (see Anthonissen and George 2003; Farmer 2009; Fortuin 2009).
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie sosiolinguistiese studie ondersoek geselekteerde aspekte van die talige gedrag van 'n landelike taalgemeenskap in Suid Afrika. Die algemene doelstellings van die studie is eerstens, om vas te stel of die "bruin" gemeenskap in die histories Afrikaanse dorp Beaufort- Wes steeds hoofsaaklik Afrikaans is, tweedens, of daar aanduidings is van taalverskuiwing, spesifiek een wat neig na 'n toenemende gebruik van Engels, soos gevind is in ander histories Afrikaanse gemeenskappe na die regeringsverandering in1994, en derdens, wat die aard van so 'n taalverskuiwing sou wees. 'n Oorsig word gegee oor beduidende aspekte van die sosiale en politieke geskiedenis van Suid-Afrika in die algemeen, en meer spesifiek van Beaufort-Wes, om die huidige en voormalige taalsituasie soos dit in hierdie studie aan die orde kom, te kontekstualiseer. Geskiedkundige verslae wys daarop dat die dorp eers die naam Hooyvlakte gehad het voor dit verander is na Beaufort-Wes. Hooyvlakte is tans die naam van een van die dorp se woonbuurte waar 'n gedeelte van Beaufort-Wes se "bruin" gemeenskap woonagtig is. In hierdie studie benoem "Hooyvlakte" die "bruin" gemeenskap van die hele dorp. Dit is in húlle wat hierdie tesis geïnteresseerd is. Die studie is hoofsaaklik kwalitatief van aard. Die respondente was 184 lede van die Hooyvlakte gemeenskap, en deelnemers het individue van beide geslagte tussen die ouderdomme van 16 en 87 jaar ingesluit. Die enigste vereiste vir deelname aan die studie was dat informante reeds 15 jaar in Beaufort-Wes woonagtig moes wees. Elke informant het 'n vraelys voltooi op grond waarvan sy/haar taalvaardigheid, taalgebruik en taalvoorkeur vasgestel kon word. Die vraelys het ook die informante geleentheid gegee om hul mening te lug oor die waarde en gebruik van veeltaligheid in hul gemeenskap. Die bevindinge van die studie toon aan dat die Hooyvlakte gemeenskap steeds hoofsaaklik Afrikaans is. Daar is egter 'n toename in hul kennis en gebruik van Engels, en ten spyte van moontlike beperkinge in hul Engelse taalvaardigheid wat formele toetse sou kon uitwys, beskou deelnemers hulself steeds as gebalanseerde tweetalige sprekers van Afrikaans en Engels. Hierdie siening hou verband met 'n verskuiwing in talige identiteit, van 'n oorwegend eksklusiewe (meestal gestigmatiseerde) Afrikaanse identiteit na 'n (grootliks trotse) Afrikaans en Engels tweetalige identiteit. Die gestigmatiseerde Bruin en Afrikaanse identiteite blyk neweprodukte te wees van die (etniese en kulturele) klassifiseringsgebruike uit die vorige Suid-Afrikaanse sosio-politiese bestel. Stigma, enersyds, en uitsluiting, andersyds, het 'n begeerte in die Hooyvlakte gemeenskap laat ontstaan, om te assosieer met 'n ander taal benewens Afrikaans. Hierdie verskuiwing na 'n tweetalige Afrikaans-Engelse identiteit kontrasteer met die verskuiwing van hoofsaaklik Afrikaanse taalidentiteit na feitlik uitsluitlik eentalig Engelse identiteit, wat onlangs in "bruin" gemeenskappe elders waargeneem en opgeteken is (vgl. Anthonissen en George 2003; Farmer 2009; Fortuin 2009).
41
Gibson, Ian. "Suffering and Christianity : conversion and ethical change among the Newars of Bhaktapur". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:3eea0dc1-3f8e-4564-887f-f7aae26de57f.
Abstract (sommario):
This thesis argues that conversion to Christianity in the Nepali city of Bhaktapur is closely connected with ethical attitudes towards suffering in Bhaktapurian churches. This argument is situated within broader debates in the anthropology of Christianity. Anthropologists have debated the extent to which Christianity is a force for cultural discontinuity, and have often connected it with modernity and individualism. I contribute to these discussions by showing how distinctively Christian conceptions of suffering may promote cultural change by stimulating new understandings of selfhood and ethics. The first three chapters explore the social life of Bhaktapur's Hindu majority. I describe how the last fifty years have seen a process of cultural unsettlement in Bhaktapur; one aspect of this unsettlement has been a disruption of traditional norms of care and deference. It is in this context that the distinctive ethics of Christianity have proved attractive to some. Those who convert have typically experienced a significant episode of suffering, and have felt themselves to be failed by those around them. They find in churches a framework that emphasises the moral significance of inner experience (I call this 'inwardness') and addresses affliction more in terms of ethics than ritual. I describe these ethics in terms of 'care': they stress presence with the afflicted person, engagement with their experience, and appeal to God in prayer. After two chapters describing Christianity in Nepal and Bhaktapur in general terms, I devote four chapters to examining different categories of Bhaktapurian Christians: those who have experienced healing, women, leaders, and youth. I focus on four conversion narratives, and relate these narratives both to other ethnographic materials and to broader trends in Bhaktapurian and global Christianity. I highlight the significance of the values of inwardness and care, and of narrative itself, in the life-worlds of Bhaktapurian Christians.
42
Komendová, Eva. "Praktické dopady uplatňování DPH ve vybraných celních režimech". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-224614.
Abstract (sommario):
This thesis contains an analysis of the activities of logistics research and development corporation Honeywell HTS CZ o. z., on an annual breakdown. It forms the basis for selection of individual consignments of customs regulations and practical application of VAT and other research organizations operating in various sectors. Forms section contains changes to the existing system of customs regulations and logistics department recommendation system settings for different types of organizations that will lead to financial savings.
43
Adendorff, Christian Michael, e S. Radloff. "The development of a cultural family business model of good governance for Greek family businesses in South Africa". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002779.
Abstract (sommario):
Never in the history of the South African nation has the entrepreneurial spirit been more alive. Since the opening of international doors, after the 1994 elections, South Africa has experienced the explosive growth of transnational entrepreneurship. An enduring aspect of the explosion of such economic activity is the need for "good governance" and the need for governance education in South Africa and the rest of the continent has never been greater. The size of the family business component of the South Aftican economy suggests that it is the predominant way of doing business in South Africa. Of importance to this study is the estimate that approximately 95 % of all Greek businesses in South Africa can be classified as family businesses. The sustainability of Greek family businesses requires that they maintain good governance practices that are economically and environmentally acceptable to all stakeholders. It also requires that the next generation of Greek entrepreneurs balance good governance for the businesses as well as for the family. The primary objective of this study was to identify and explore the internal factors that influence and determine good governance to ensure the survival, growth and sustainability of Greek family businesses in South Africa. The secondary research objectives pertained to the underlying dimensions of good governance and required an exploration of the different governance concerns in relation to specific South African Greek behaviour and characteristics. A theoretical model of good governance factors was proposed and tested using Structural Equation Modeling. The study found that perceived good governance in a South African Greek family business context needs to be measured in terms of three factors, namely risk control, the internal regulatory environment and the protection of the stakeholders' interest. The study dealt further with the secondary sources effecting governance for South African businesses and was based on the latest report by the King Commission. An important finding is that the cross cultural aspect of family business governance must now be considered when conducting such research as more and more emphasis is placed on the good governance of all businesses.
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Frozza, Miguel de Oliveira. "Custo aluno/ano e condições de qualidade em escolas do campo da rede estadual do Rio Grande do Sul". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/171963.
Abstract (sommario):
O objetivo da dissertação é analisar o custo-aluno/ano e as condições de qualidade em duas escolas do campo da rede estadual de ensino do Rio Grande do Sul. As escolas visitadas se localizam na zona rural de Bento Gonçalves. A pesquisa constou de um levantamento dos custos educacionais das escolas, do custo-aluno/ano, dos custos e condições do transporte escolar do município e das condições de oferta educacional das escolas, no ano de 2016. Também foram contemplados conteúdos da evolução do Direto à Educação no Brasil, do ordenamento normativo do financiamento público da educação e delimitações de educação rural e educação do campo, por meio da análise de legislação educacional federal e estadual. Também foi feita uma sucinta discussão sobre o conceito de qualidade na educação básica e condições necessárias para uma Escola do Campo ofertar uma educação com qualidade social. O custo-aluno/ano é definido como um conjunto de recursos materiais e humanos objetivamente calculados. Os itens de custo considerados na pesquisa foram: instalações (prédio e terreno), salário do pessoal (docente e não docente); material de consumo; equipamentos e material permanente; outros insumos (água, energia elétrica, telefone, internet, gás, serviços terceiros e manutenção); e transporte escolar. Os dados de salários de pessoal foram coletados nas escolas e no site do portal da transparência do RS. Os dados de material permanente, material de consumo e outros insumos foram coletados diretamente nas escolas em visitas realizadas e conversas com a equipe diretiva Os dados sobre transporte escolar foram coletados em visita à Secretária Municipal de Educação. Os valores monetários dos custos educacionais foram somados, calculados e comparados através da unidade custoaluno/ ano. Foram analisadas as condições de oferta educacional das escolas e dos custos e condições do transporte escolar. O texto está organizado em três capítulos. O primeiro capítulo apresenta uma breve revisão do Direito à Educação e Educação do Campo na legislação federal e estadual do Rio Grande do Sul. O segundo capítulo apresenta uma revisão do financiamento da educação na legislação federal e estadual. O terceiro capítulo trata da pesquisa de campo, apresentando a discussão sobre conceito de qualidade para a educação do campo, questões metodológicas da pesquisa, descrição das escolas e transporte escolar e análise dos custos educacionais das escolas e do custo-aluno/ano. A análise dos dados coletados revelou que as escolas pesquisadas se identificam como Escolas do Campo e possuem importância para organização, história e memória coletiva das comunidades rurais onde estão localizadas. Portanto, foi verificado que as escolas possuem condições parciais para ofertar uma educação de qualidade, necessitando de maior apoio da Secretaria Estadual de Educação e 16ª Coordenadoria Regional de Educação. A pesquisa pretende contribuir para a discussão da área de financiamento da Educação Básica do Campo e para a construção do Custo Aluno Qualidade Inicial e Custo Aluno Qualidade, previstos no Plano Nacional de Educação 2014-2024.The objective of this dissertation is to analyze the cost-student/year and the quality conditions in two rural schools of the state education network of Rio Grande do Sul. The schools that were visited are located in the rural area of Bento Gonçalves. The research consisted of a survey of the educational costs of schools, the cost-student/year, the costs and conditions of the municipal school transportation services and the conditions of the schools educational offer, in 2016. Contents on the development of the Right to Education in Brazil, on the normative order of the public financing of education and delimitations of rural education and education of the field were also included, through the analysis of federal and state educational legislation. There is also a brief discussion about the concept of quality in basic education and the necessary conditions for a School in the Field to offer an education with social quality. Cost-student/year is defined as a set of objectively calculated material and human resources. The cost items considered in the survey were: facilities (building and land), staff salaries (teaching and non-teaching staff); consumables; equipment and permanent materials; other inputs (water, electricity, telephone, internet, gas, third party services and maintenance); and school transportation. The data on personnel salaries were collected in the schools and on the website of the transparency portal of RS. Data on permanent material, consumables and other inputs were collected directly from the schools on visits and conversations with the management team Data on school transportation were collected during a visit to the Municipal Secretary of Education. The monetary values of educational costs were summed, calculated and compared through the unit cost-student/year. We analyzed the educational offer conditions of the schools and the costs and conditions of school transportation. The text is organized in three chapters. The first chapter presents a brief review of the Right to Education and Field Education in the federal and state legislation of Rio Grande do Sul. The second chapter presents a review of the financing of education in federal and state legislation. The third chapter deals with the field research, presenting the discussion about the concept of quality for the education of the field, methodological questions of the research, description of schools and school transport and analysis of the educational costs of schools and cost-student/year. The analysis of the collected data revealed that the surveyed schools identify themselves as Field Schools and are important to the organization, history and collective memory of the rural communities where they are located. Therefore, it was verified that the schools have partial conditions to offer a quality education, needing more support from the State Department of Education and 16th Regional Education Coordination. The research intends to contribute to the discussion on the issue of funding of the Basic Education of the Field and to the construction of the Cost Student Initial Quality and Cost Student Quality, foreseen in the National Plan of Education 2014-2024.
El objetivo de la disertación es analizar el costo-estudiante/año y las condiciones de calidad en dos escuelas rurales de la red de enseñanza del estado del Rio Grande do Sul. Las escuelas visitadas se localizan en la zona rural del municipio de Bento Gonçalves. La investigación constó de un levantamiento de los costos educativos de las escuelas, del costo-estudiante/año, de los costos y condiciones del transporte escolar del municipio y de las condiciones de oferta educativa de las escuelas, en el año 2016. También se ha realizado una revisión de la evolución del Derecho a la Educación en Brasil, a través del análisis de la legislación educativa federal y provincial. Una revisión de los conceptos de Educación Rural y Educación del Campo, en la legislación educativa federal y provincial. También se hace una revisión del financiamiento de la enseñanza básica en la legislación educativa federal y provincial. También se hizo una breve discusión sobre el concepto de calidad en la enseñanza básica y de las condiciones necesarias para que una escuela rural ofrecer una educación con calidad social. El costo-estudiante/año se define como un conjunto de recursos materiales y humanos objetivamente calculados. Los elementos de costo considerados en la investigación fueron: instalaciones (edificio y terreno); salario de personal (docente y no docente); material de consumo; equipos y material permanente; otros insumos (agua, energia eléectrica, teléfono, internet, gas, servicios terceros y mantenimiento); y transporte escolar. Los datos de salarios de personal fueron recolectados en las escuelas y en el sitio del portal da transparencia do RS. Los datos de material permanente, material de consumo y otros insumos fueron recolectados directamente en las escuelas en visitas realizadas y conversaciones con el equipo directivo. Los datos sobre transporte escolar fueron recolectados en visita a la Secretaria Municipal de Educación. Los valores monetarios de los costos educativos se han sumados, calculados y comparados a través de la unidad costo-estudiante/año. También se analizaron condiciones de oferta educativa de las escuelas, de los costos y condiciones del transporte escolar. El texto está organizado en tres capítulos. El primer capítulo presenta una breve revisión del Derecho a la Educación y Educación del Campo en la legislación federal y estadual de Rio Grande do Sul. El segundo capítulo presenta una breve revisión del financiamiento de la educación en la legislación federal y estadual. El tercer capítulo trata sobre la investigación de campo, presentado la discusión sobre concepto de calidad para educación del campo, cuestiones metodológicas de la investigación, descripción de las escuelas, transporte escolar y análisis de los costos educativos de las escuelas y del costoestudiante/ año. El análisis de los datos de la investigación, reveló que las escuelas estudiadas, se identifican como Escuelas Rurales. Poseen importancia para la organización, la historia y la memoria colectiva de las comunidades rurales donde están ubicadas. Por lo tanto, se verificó que las escuelas poseen condiciones parciales para ofrecer una educación de calidad, necesitando de mayor apoyo de las Secretarias Estadual de Educación y 16ª Coordinadora Regional de Educación. Esta investigación desea contribuir a la discusión del área de financiamento de la enseñanza básica rural y para la construcción del CAQI y del CAQ, previsto en el PNE 2014-2024.
45
Schreiber, Jean-Philippe. "Immigration et intégration des juifs en Belgique (1830-1914)". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212772.
46
Rosa, Filho Raimundo Nonato. "METODOLOGIA PARA REDUÇÃO DE CUSTOS NA MANUTENÇÃO DOS COMUTADORES DE TAP SOB CARGA DOS TRANSFORMADORES DE POTÊNCIA DE EXTRA ALTA TENSÃO DA ELETRONORTE". Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2005. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/385.
Abstract (sommario):
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Previous issue date: 2005-03-31In this work a methodology for reduction of maintenance cost in the on-load tap changers (OLTC) of extra high voltage is proposed. The methodology is based on the use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) for the intelligent processing of input signals of the commutator. The neural nets adequately trained allow to create an information system and dedicated diagnosis of the OLTC. This system can interpret and diagnosis the components through the real time input signals in order to delay the power transformer maintenance intervals, foreseeing when the OLTC is going to maintenance have intervention based on its condition. It has been adopted a multiperceptron ANN architecture in which the input vector has 22 components and the output considers only one component with the status of the OLTC condition in function of its operation time. This output information is used to determine the periods of maintenance of the commutators. It is reported an application of the proposed system considering the on load tap changer of an autotransformer bank of 500/230/13.8 kV, 600MVA of Centrais Elétricas do Norte do Brasil S/A (ELETRONORTE). The results indicate the advantages of the maintenance based on the condition using ANN.
Neste trabalho é proposta uma metodologia para redução de custo de manutenção nos comutadores de tap sob carga (OLTC) dos transformadores de potência de extra alta tensão. A metodologia está baseada na utilização de redes neurais artificiais (RNA) para o processamento inteligente dos sinais de entrada dos comutadores. As redes neurais adequadamente treinadas permitem criar um sistema de informação e diagnóstico dedicado a OLTC que podem interpretar e diagnosticar os componentes através das entradas em tempo real de forma a, postergar os intervalos de manutenção, prevendo quando o OLTC deverá sofrer intervenção de manutenção baseada na condição do OLTC. Foi adotada uma arquitetura de RNA de multiperceptron na qual a entrada considera um vetor com 22 entrada e apenas uma saída com o status da condição do OLTC em função do tempo de operação. Essa informação de saída é utilizada para determinar os períodos de manutenção dos comutadores de tap. É realizada uma aplicação do sistema proposto considerando o comutador de tap sob carga de um banco de autotransformador de 500/230/13.8kV, 600MVA da Centrais Elétricas do Norte do Brasil S/A( ELETRONORTE) e os resultados indicam as vantagens da manutenção baseada na condição usando RNA.
47
Galeno, Marcela Monteiro. "Aplicação do CAPM (Capital Asset Pricing Model) condicional por meio de métodos não-paramétricos para a economia brasileira: um estudo empírico do período 2002-2009". Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-04112010-180310/.
Abstract (sommario):
Essa dissertação procura analisar se as variações dos retornos de carteiras setoriais formadas por ações do Índice teórico da Bolsa de Valores de São Paulo (Ibovespa), do primeiro quadrimestre de 2010, podem ser explicadas pelo CAPM condicional não-paramétrico proposto por Wang (2002) e também por quatro variáveis de informação disponíveis aos investidores: (i) percentual de variação do nível de produção industrial brasileira; (ii) percentual de variação do monetário agregado M4; (iii) percentual de variação da inflação representada pelo Índice de Preços ao Consumidor Amplo (IPCA); e (iv) percentual de variação da taxa de câmbio real-dólar, obtida pela cotação do dólar PTAX. O estudo compreendeu as ações listadas na Bolsa de Valores de São Paulo no período de janeiro de 2002 a dezembro de 2009. Utilizou-se a metodologia de teste desenvolvida por Wang (2002) e replicada para o contexto mexicano por Castillo-Spíndola (2006). Foram utilizados os excessos de retornos mensais para as ações, carteiras e prêmio de mercado. Ainda, para estimar a influência das variáveis de informação, foram calculados seus respectivos percentuais de variação mensal, para o período de janeiro de 2002 a novembro de 2009. A fim de validar a aplicação do CAPM condicional não-paramétrico para o mercado acionário brasileiro, foram estimados os diversos parâmetros do modelo e testada sua validade estatística para cada variável de informação avaliando-se o p-value. Os resultados observados indicam que o modelo condicional não-paramétrico é relevante na explicação dos retornos das carteiras da amostra considerada para duas das quatro variáveis testadas, M4 e dólar PTAX.This dissertation seeks to analyze if the variations of returns from sector portfolios, formed by shares of the São Paulo Stock Exchange Index (Ibovespa), in the first four months of 2010, could be explained by the nonparametric conditional Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), suggested by Wang (2002), and also by four variables of information available to the investors: (i) percentage variation of the Brazilian industrial production level; (ii) percentage variation of broad money supply M4; (iii) percentage variation of the inflation represented by the Índice de Preços ao Consumidor Amplo (IPCA); and (iv) percentage variation in the real-dollar exchange rate, obtained by PTAX dollar quotation. This study comprised the shares listed in São Paulo Stock Exchange throughout January 2002 to December 2009. The test methodology developed by Wang (2002) and retorted to the Mexican context by Castillo-Spíndola (2006) was used. The excess of monthly returns for the shares, portfolios, and market premium were used. Still, aiming to estimate the influence of information variables, their monthly percentage variations were calculated for the period from January 2002 to November 2009. In order to validate the nonparametric conditional CAPM application for the Brazilian stock market, the models several parameters were estimated and its statistic validity was tested for each information variable, evaluating the p-value. The observed results indicate that the nonparametric conditional model is relevant in explaining the portfolios returns of the sample considered for two among the four tested variables, M4 and PTAX dollar.
48
Heffel, Carly J. "Finding Out on Facebook: a Qualitative Analysis of Adolescents’ Experiences Following a Suicide Cluster". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc699975/.
Abstract (sommario):
Suicide clusters have been identified in many populations; however, research exploring the role of online communication in the aftermath of a suicide cluster is extremely limited. This study used the Consensual Qualitative Research method to analyze interviews of ten high school students following a suicide cluster in a small suburban school district. Interviewee’s responses were organized into 4 domains: the suicide, impact, perceptions of school environment, and recovery. The role of social networking emerged as a common theme across domains, suggesting broad relevance to adolescents’ experience following the suicide of a peer. Implications for clinical intervention and research are discussed.
49
Rădan, Gorska Maria Miruna. "Pensiuni in Romania : rediscovering and reinventing the countryside through tourism". Thesis, University of Kent, 2016. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/54973/.
Abstract (sommario):
Rural tourism is a long-established practice in the industrialised West, but it is a comparatively recent and on-going development in postsocialist contexts. This thesis examines the development of rural tourism in Romania and draws on fieldwork carried out in one of the oldest and most popular destinations of the country, as well as in a newer and less visited location. As homestays are central to rural tourism, my research has an extensive focus on what happens with guesthouses and their owners. Countryside tourism is a practice grounded in a discourse that praises images of unspoilt nature, close-knit communities, material and cultural heritage and natural healthy food. Discourses about rurality also suggest that for city dwellers, village stays in their own countries can provide a way of getting in touch with their national identity, building, at the same time a sense of belonging. In Romania, such discourses are promoted by NGOs, state institutions and tour operators that aim to develop rural tourism. In spite of their efforts, in the destinations that I studied, rural tourism has strayed away from the ideal model. Instead of bucolic cottages inspired by the vernacular architecture of the region, hosts welcome their guests into large, modern villas equipped with state-of-the art amenities. Tourists too show a strong concern with material aspects of their accommodation, they rarely venture in outdoor pursuits and have little interest in notions of ‘heritage’ or ‘traditions’. My findings show that the lived experiences of local entrepreneurs have shaped worldviews that in many respects are at odds with the ideal models and best tourism practices promoted by various institutions. I also show how hosts and guests share similar notions of achievement and success and how this has turned rural tourism into a house-centred event. In explaining why discourses have little grounding in reality, I pay close attention to the economics of tourism, trying to understand guesthouses as businesses interlinked both with the wider forces of the market and with the socio-economic history of rural Romania. I show how the development of pensiuni was influenced by specific material and social constraints, arguing that a long history of living under oppressive regimes actually endowed locals with qualities that made them ready to embark on entrepreneurial pursuits. I also examine how kinship can be both a catalyst for growth and a factor that contributes to the stagnation or decline of businesses. Most notably, however, it was the unstable and burdensome legislative environment that had perhaps the strongest impact over the evolution of guesthouses, determining over half of the owners to stay in the shadow economy. My findings raise questions about the effectiveness and utility of many of the norms currently imposed on tourist entrepreneurs and I conclude by discussing a few ways in which institutions could respond better to the needs of guesthouse owners.
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Advincula, Arlene Dilig. "The development of an acculturation scale for Filipino Americans". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1470.