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Bradley, Lucy, e Roberta Gibson. "Cricket Management". College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144782.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
2 pp.Indian house crickets and field crickets are the two most common crickets in Arizona. Although these crickets do not bite or carry diseases, they are considered a nuisance because of their "chirping". This publication focuses on common crickets found in Arizona, including the Indian house crickets, field crickets, and Jerusalem crickets. It also discusses the problems they cause and the strategies to control them.
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Mulcahey, Thomas Ian. "Autonomous cricket biosensors for acoustic localization". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/33833.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The goal of this project was to design networked arrays of cricket biosensors capable of localizing sources such as footsteps within dangerous environments, with a possible application to earthquake detection. We utilize the cricket's natural ability to localize low frequency (5 Hz - 600 Hz) acoustic sources using hair-covered appendages called cerci. Whereas previous investigations explored crickets' neurological response to near field flows generated by single frequency steady-state sounds, we investigated the effects of transient waveforms, which better represent real world stimuli, and to which the cercal system appears to be most reactive. Extracellular recording electrodes are permanently implanted into a cricket's ventral nerve cord to record the action potentials emanating from the cerci. In order to calibrate this system, we attempt to find the relationships between the frequency and direction of acoustic stimuli and the neurological responses known as spike trains, which they elicit. The degree of habituation to repeated signals that exists in most neurological systems was also experimentally measured. We process the signals to estimate frequency and directionality of near field acoustic sources. The design goal is a bionic cricket-computer system design capable of localizing low frequency near field acoustic signals while going about its natural activities such as locomotion.
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Balasundaram, Prakash. "The incidence, nature and risk factors associated with young (schoolboy) pace bowlers in New Zealand a dissertation [thesis] submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of Master of Health Science, Auckland University of Technology, February 2005". Full thesis. Abstract, 2005. http://puka2.aut.ac.nz/ait/theses/BalasundaramP.pdf.
Testo completo
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Marshall, Dayle Lyn. "An analysis of cricket umpiring decisions during the 2007 Cricket World Cup". Pretoria : [S.n.], 2010. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02232010-132922.
Testo completo
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Petrou, Georgios. "Kinematics of cricket phonotaxis". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7944.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Male crickets produce a species specific song to attract females which in response move towards the sound source. This behaviour, termed phonotaxis, has been the subject of many morphological, neurophysiological and behavioural studies making it one of the most well studied examples of acoustic communication in the animal kingdom. Despite this fact, the precise leg movements during this behaviour is unknown. This is of specific interest as the cricket’s ears are located on their front legs, meaning that the perception of the sound input might change as the insect moves. This dissertation describes a methodology and an analysis that fills this knowledge gap. I developed a semi-automated tracking system for insect motion based on commercially available high-speed video cameras and freely available software. I used it to collect detailed three dimensional kinematic information from female crickets performing free walking phonotaxis towards a calling song stimulus. I marked the insect’s joints with small dots of paint and recorded the movements from underneath with a pair of cameras following the insect as it walks on the transparent floor of an arena. Tracking is done offline, utilizing a kinematic model to constrain the processing. I obtained, for the first time, the positions and angles of all joints of all legs and six additional body joints, synchronised with stance-swing transitions and the sound pattern, at a 300 Hz frame rate. I then analysed this data based on four categories: The single leg motion analysis revealed the importance of the thoraco-coxal (ThC) and body joints in the movement of the insect. Furthermore the inside middle leg’s tibio-tarsal (TiTa) joint was the centre of the rotation during turning. Certain joints appear to be the most crucial ones for the transition from straight walking to turning. The leg coordination analysis revealed the patterns followed during straight walking and turning. Furthermore, some leg combinations cannot be explained by current coordination rules. The angles relative to the active speaker revealed the deviation of the crickets as they followed a meandering course towards it. The estimation of ears’ input revealed the differences between the two sides as the insect performed phonotaxis by using a simple algorithm. In general, the results reveal both similarities and differences with other cricket studies and other insects such as cockroaches and stick insects. The work presented herein advances the current knowledge on cricket phonotactic behaviour and will be used in the further development of models of neural control of phonotaxis.
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Bonnesse, Matthew Gregory. "Impact of a visual skills training program on visual performance of cricket fielders". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/7733.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The primary aim of this study was to determine whether a cricket specific visual skills training program has an impact on the visual performance of cricket fielders. The specific visual skills included accommodation, visual memory, speed of recognition, peripheral awareness, hand-eye coordination and saccadic eye movement. The study was exploratory and true-experimental in nature and utilized a quantitative approach. The pretest-posttest randomized group design was used. A total number of 20 participants that met the inclusion criteria were included in the study by means of purposive sampling. The 20 participants were randomly assigned to control (n=10) and experimental (n=10) groups. The experimental group underwent six-weeks of visual skills training. The tests used consisted of the Accumulator, Evasion, Corner Stretch and Flash tests on the Batak Pro, Hand-eye-coordination test, Hart Near Far Rock Chart and a Saccadic eye movement chart. Differences between the pre- and post-test scores were all positive and statistically (p<0.05) and practically (d>0.2) significant for the experimental group for the following visual skills tests: Hart Chart (M=7.90±3.73), Saccadic Chart (M=17.50±9.58), Accumulator (M=19.60±5.13), Corner Stretch (M=10.50±9.56) and Flash (M=5.40±3.75). The Evasion test (M=17.50±25.67) also showed a positive but insignificant improvement from pre- to post-test for the experimental group. The control group did not show any statistically significant improvements from pre- to post-test except in the case of Hart Chart (M=3.00±2.16) and Accumulator (M=2.40±2.55). Overall the experimental group produced significantly larger (p<0.05, d>0.20) pre- to post-test mean differences than the control group for six of the seven tests implemented. The Ball Toss test which was one of three hand-eye coordination tests did not show any significant differences between experimental and control groups even though the experimental group produced larger improvements. The other two tests that assessed hand-eye coordination (Accumulator and Corner Stretch) did, however reflect significant improvements for the experimental group. The findings of this study therefore revealed that improvements in visual skill performance of cricket players can be achieved through specific training.
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Hutchins, Catherine. "It's just not cricket : the making of the Australian cricket crowd,1877-1979 /". Title page, contents and introduction only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arh974.pdf.
Testo completo
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Dennis, Rebecca Jane Safety Science Faculty of Science UNSW. "Risk factors for repetitive microtrauma injury to adolescent and adult cricket fast bowlers". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Safety Science, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/24172.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Cricket is one of Australia's most popular sports, both in terms of participation rates and spectator interest. However, as with all sports, participation in cricket can be associated with a risk of injury. Injury surveillance in Australia and internationally has consistently identified fast bowlers as the players at the greatest risk of injury. This clearly establishes fast bowlers as the priority group for continued risk factor research. The primary aim of this thesis is to describe the epidemiology of repetitive microtrauma injuries and identify the risk factors for these injuries to male adolescent and adult fast bowlers. The program of research consists of three sequential prospective cohort studies, which were conducted over four cricket seasons. The rate of injury was high in all these studies, with nearly half of the 305 bowlers sustaining an injury. The first of the three studies, which was conducted over three seasons, recruited 95 adult first-class fast bowlers and investigated bowling workload as a risk factor for injury. The findings suggested that there were thresholds for both low and high workload, beyond which the risk of injury increased. The second study recruited 47 adolescent high performance fast bowlers for one season, and identified a significant association between high bowling workload and injury. Based on the results of these two studies, workload guidelines for adult and adolescent fast bowlers are described in detail in this thesis. The third study expanded on the first two workload studies and concurrently investigated a range of potential injury risk factors relating to bowling workload, physical characteristics and bowling technique. A total of 91 adult and adolescent high performance fast bowlers participated in the third study for one season. Two independent predictors of injury were identified: increased hip internal rotation and reduced ankle dorsiflexion. This program of research has provided information that is essential for the development of evidence-based injury prevention guidelines for adolescent and adult fast bowlers. The next stage in the injury prevention process is to implement measures that control the exposure to the injury risk factors identified in this thesis.
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Davies, Roxanne. "The nature and incidence of fast bowling injuries at an elite, junior level and the associated risk factors". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/660.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Fast bowlers are especially prone to injury as they perform their bowling techniques repetitively at very high intensities. The fast bowling action in the past has been described as a highly explosive activity that produces high levels of stress and strain on the body. The aim of this study was to compile an injury profile of 46 fast bowlers aged 11 to 18, and to identify the associated risk factors for injury during an academy cricket season. A descriptive correlational research design was utilised. Subjects were selected according to age and fast bowling ability. These subjects were observed for one academy cricket season (March to November). Three testing sessions occurred during this time (T1, T2 and T3). Each subject completed two questionnaires: i) bowler history (at T1) and ii) injury history (at T1, T2, and T3). These assisted in grouping the subjects according to their responses into one of three injury classifications (uninjured = S1; injured but able to play = S2; injured and unable to play = S3). Anthropometric and postural data for the entire group of fast bowlers were also collected pre-season (T1). Physical fitness screenings were also conducted during each of the three testing sessions to establish any relationship between the fitness of each fast bowler and the occurrence of injuries. Additional factors assessed during the season were bowling techniques and bowling workload. Statistical significance was indicated by p-values less than .05 (p< .05), while practical significance was indicated by either Cohen’s d-values of 0.2 or better (d>0.2) for tests based on sample means or Cramer’s V for tests based on sample frequencies, the values of which depend on the applicable degrees of freedom. All fitness scores as well as bowling workload figures for each testing session were converted to standard T-scores and these in turn were summated to derive overall fitness and workload T-scores. ‘TT’ indicated the overall average score for the entire season. Changes in performances, bowling workload and injury status were analysed using ANOVA and ANCOVA. A regression analysis was also conducted to analyse the relationship between bowling workload and weeks incapacitated. This study found that hyperextension in the knees had the highest incidence of postural deviation injury (43 percent) followed by winged scapula (39 percent). Only 15 percent of the fast bowlers remained injury-free for the duration of the season, while 35 percent of the subjects were at some stage injured to such an extent that they were unable to play. The incidence of serious injury (S3) showed a statistical and moderate practical (V=0.23, d.f. ≥2) significant increase throughout the data collection period (4 percent at T1 to 30 percent at T3). The most common injury was to the knee (41 percent) followed by those to the lower back (37 percent). These injuries occurred mostly during test periods T2 and T3. The nature of injuries were predominantly strains and "other" which accounted for 39 percent of the injuries overall (TT) and had the highest reported incidence during the period T1 to T3. Sprains followed with an overall incidence of 14 percent. Less frequently reported injuries were tears, fractures, bruises and dislocations. The degree of severity of injuries was defined in terms of the number of weeks a player reported being incapacitated as a result of injury during the academy session. During midand end-season bowlers were on average incapacitated approximately one week out of every five due to injury. The statistics for the duration of the study translate to approximately one week incapacitated out of every seven weeks of play. When comparing the S1/S2 bowlers with the S3 group, the S1/S2 bowlers performed consistently better than the S3 bowlers in all the fitness variables tested. However no significant differences (p>.05) in either flexibility or muscle strength were observed. Of the risk factors analysed, bowling workload presented a statistically significant (p<.0005) increased risk for injury. A strong significant positive relationship (p<.0005, R²=.619) was found between weeks incapacitated and bowling workload, supporting the finding that increased bowling workloads show a linear relationship with the increase in the number of weeks incapacitated from normal play. This study concluded that inadequate fitness, high bowling workload and bowling technique all have a multi-factorial role in predisposing a bowler to increased risk for injury. These variables did not act alone, but have all contributed to recurring injuries. The bowling action alone would not have been detrimental if the workloads were not in excess of the recommended guidelines. Furthermore the workload would not have been as detrimental if the bowlers were well conditioned and uninjured. Management of minor injuries and adequate recovery time, coupled with adequate and relevant fitness preparation would better prepare fast bowlers for the demands of the game.
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Tengbom, Christina. "Coming to terms with cricket : A translation study of terminology in texts on cricket". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-106944.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This essay discusses the translation of terms in four texts on cricket. The first aim of the essay was to identify the most appropriate translation strategy for each term based on Niska and Frøili’s (1992:361) six translation strategies. Their strategies were complemented by considerations of equivalence and Swedish grammar and language structure. The identified terms were divided into the categories Players, Field & Equipment and Rules & Scoring and the second and third aims of the essay were to investigate if a particular translation strategy was more commonly used for all the cricket terms, as well as if a particular translation strategy was more frequently used for a specific category. This information can aid translators in the decision making when translating new cricket terms. The result showed that direct transfer and translation of an explanation of the source term were more frequently used, sometimes in a combination in the form of a translation doublet. With regards to the three categories, direct transfer was used in the majority of term translations in the category Rules & Scoring, while the strategies were more evenly distributed for the other two categories. No reliable conclusions can be drawn from the results in this essay as a much larger sample would be required. It may, however, be an indication of that certain translation strategies are more applicable in the translation of cricket terms and can be used as a starting point for future studies.
11
Akhtar, Sohail. "Statistical modelling in test cricket". Thesis, University of Salford, 2011. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26504/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this thesis, we focus on decision problems in test cricket. Initially, we address declaration and follow-on decision problems. We then investigate session by session batting and bowling strategy. Later, we extend our analysis to the rating of test cricket players. We also study how the nature and strength of the covariate effects in our match outcome models vary as a match progresses. We model the match outcome given the end of first, second and third innings positions and then use this for decision making. Our declaration models provide a decision support tool to a batting team captain and management to consider the best timing of declarations in the first three innings. Match outcome probabilities (win,draw, loss) are calculated using nominal multinomial logistic regression models. We also propose quantitative decision support for batting strategy in the third innings. We approach the statistical problem by supposing that the third innings run-rate and the target that the side batting third aims to set its opponent are decision variables. The follow-on decision problem is also briefly considered: should a captain enforce the follow-on or not? Surprisingly, we find that the decision to enforce the follow-on or otherwise has no effect on the match outcome. We forecast match outcomes in test cricket in play, session by session. Match outcome probabilities are modelled using multinomial regression, with a win, draw, or loss response, and explanatory variables or covariates relating to match state at the start of each session. These probabilities can facilitate a team captain or management to decide on an aggressive or defensive batting strategy for the coming session. These covariates include the lead, wicket resources used, run-rate, a home advantage factor, and surrogates for the state of the pitch (ground effect) and the pre-match strengths of teams. We attempt to compare our results with bookmakers' odds by means of examples. This thesis also investigates how the covariate effects vary from innings to innings and session to session. The nature of the covariates that influence the match outcome changes as the match progresses. Early in the match, pre-match team strengths have a large effect. This reduces as the match progresses. Home advantage and ground effect appear small and exist only early on. We also extend our analysis to the rating of test cricket players. The rating system is based on player contributions session by session in a test match. This rating system evaluates the performance of the players taking into account the stage of match in which runs and wickets are earned and conceded and the influence of the runs and wickets earned on the match outcome.
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Shipton, Peter. "Optimisation of cricket pitch rolling". Thesis, Cranfield University, 2008. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/3369.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the game of cricket, where a ball is bounced on a natural clay soil pitch between the ‘bowler’ and ‘batsman’, the ball-surface interaction is critical and is one of the most important factors responsible for the quality of play. Rolling of the playing surface with a smooth-wheel roller is common practice and this is intended to encourage pace, but with a predictable ball bounce that will provide a fair and safe playing surface. Current rolling management is largely based on anecdotal evidence and little work has previously being carried out in the UK to quantify the effects of rolling on cricket soils or to determine optimum rolling practice. Initiatives by the England and Wales Cricket Board (the project sponsors) to advance the commercial viability of the game of cricket and to increase player participation provide commercial justification for this project. This thesis aims to improve the fundamental understanding of the scientific principles of pitch preparation and to develop practical guidelines on roller use to help cricket groundsmen produce playing surfaces with the desired playability characteristics. A diverse methodology was used to meet the project objectives. A survey of current practice was conducted to inform experimental design and inform the targeting of rolling guidelines. Dynamic and static triaxial experiments were combined with standard laboratory tests to establish soil mechanical parameters for cricket soils. Field experimental plots and a project designed rolling simulator were used to investigate the interaction between soil mechanical and roller physical properties and to establish rolling management protocols. A grass rooting experiment was also conducted to determine the effect of soil density on root growth and distribution within the compacted soil profile. The survey of current practice established a wide range in rolling practice, particularly in the time allocated to rolling in the spring and for summer pre-match rolling. The experimental results developed the relationship between moisture and soil mechanical properties of cricket soils indicating an increase in plastic and elastic strain with an increase in moisture in un-saturated soils. An increase in soil moisture from 16% to 25% gravimetric moisture content was also shown to increase horizontal movement under a towed roller; however the inclusion of grass roots into the soil profile considerably reduced soil displacement. Soil optimum moisture conditions were identified for a range of roller specifications; 24% gravimetric moisture for a 750 kg m -3 roller and 22% for a 920 kg m -3 roller. Roller speed (0.7 km h -1 ) and the amount of roller passes required (four passes of a two drum roller in the spring and a total of 10 passes for summer match preparation) were established for cricket pitch preparation. Results also indicated a significant potential to reduce annual rolling times when undertaken in optimum soil moisture conditions. This could result in a substantial reduction in cost to the cricket industry and a reduction in CO2 emissions.
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Sacheti, Abhinav. "The economics of international cricket". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.602478.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In recent decades, the growth of the professional sports indushtry has led to increasing interest in conomic analysis of sports data. Although research has been carried out on specific issues related to the structure of sports leagues, there is also growing awareness that professional sport can provide wider insights to academic discussion on economics and management, particularly as a setting to observe decision making. This thesis adds to the academic literature by investigating decision making under social pressure and by identifying the impacts of uncertainty of outcome and team strengths on attendance demand for sport. In order to do so, the thesis draws together data from a range of sources to produce a unique dataset of over 1,700 international cricket matches. Using a conditional logit model, Chapter 2 assesses the impact of the toss on match outcome in the Twenty20 International (T20I) format of cricket. This is the first known study to examine the impact of the toss on T20I matches. Previous work on the other two formats of international cricket has found mixed evidence on the impact of the toss on match outcome. The chapter further analyses the decision making of captains, akin to managers, by looking at the choice to bat or bowl first. Despite no significant evidence suggesting this decision has any impact on match outcome, there is tentative evidence that captains lean towards batting first significantly more often. This type of decision making behaviour is consistent with a particular social pressure from the cricket media to bat first. Chapter 3 extends this research by examining the impact of social pressure on match officials (umpires) in Test cricket matches. This chapter tests the impact of the ICe's neutral umpire policy by applying a negative binomial regression model to LBW decision data from 1,000 Test matches and finds that home bias is virtually eliminated as a result of this policy decision. The research further tests the impact of crowd pressure on umpiring decisions and finds some evidence of preference for the home team from home umpires. Given the pay and performance incentives for international cricket players and officials, the significant impact of social pressure on cricket officials suggests the possibility that social pressure can affect wider economic behaviour. Chapter 4 considers attendance demand for international cricket by identifying the determinants of attendance demand for Test and One Day International (ODI) cricket matches in Australia, England and New Zealand. The research conh'asts the impacts of uncertainty of outcome and absolute team strengths on attendance demand for sport, thus conh'ibuting to the literature. Previous literature on demand for international cricket has only looked at short run uncertainty of outcome. Using fixed effects and Tobit random effects models on over 850 international cricket matches, the empirical findings suggest that the impacts of uncertainty of outcome and team strengths differ between Test and ODI cricket. Also, short run uncertainty of outcome is a stronger explanation of attendance demand for international cricket than long run uncertainty of outcome. The findings provide some policy insights on scheduling to cricket administra tors. Chapter 5 summarizes the main findings from this thesis and identifies some limitations of the research methods, including data constraints. The thesis demonstrates a potentially consh'aining effect of social pressure on decision making using the setting of professional sport. It further provides an insight into the contrasting impacts of uncertainty of outcome and team strengths on demand for professional sport. The research provides guidance to policy makers in international cricket on both sh'uchual and scheduling issues in all three formats of cricket. The chapter also provides some specific suggestions for future research. ,t
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Webster, Leonie. "Team effectiveness in professional cricket". Thesis, Bangor University, 2018. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/team-effectiveness-in-professional-cricket(681ed88e-a71f-4c60-bfc7-84dc1abbee79).html.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
To produce superior team performances members must be able to work well together to exceed the sum of their parts. Despite an extensive body of research in healthcare, business, military, and aviation, there is limited understanding of what effective teams do in sport. In an attempt to address this gap in the literature the present doctoral thesis - commissioned by the England and Wales Cricket Board (ECB) - sought to uncover, measure, test, and improve the most important factors for team effectiveness in cricket. The thesis contains three empirical studies which address the following research questions: (i) what factors contribute to the effectiveness of cricket teams? (ii) How can team functioning and effectiveness be measured? (iii) Can factors of team functioning accurately predict effective cricket teams, and what is the relative importance of those factors? (iv) Can team functioning and effectiveness be improved in cricket teams? Chapter 1 of the thesis defines some of the key terms associated with the group-based literature, before critically reviewing the organisational and sport psychology literature on team effectiveness and group dynamics, highlighting limitations that need to be addressed. These include a lack of research attention on teamwork or team functioning in sport, the investigation of group-related variables in sport in isolation, an overreliance on deductive approaches to framework development, a lack of appropriate measures, and the exclusive focus upon the development of cohesion within team building interventions in sport. Chapter 2 is an abductive, qualitative investigation involving 21 cricket experts, which explores the factors most important for team effectiveness in cricket. Based on this elite samples' construal, we propose a parsimonious and novel conceptualisation of team effectiveness in cricket (Essential Team Ingredients model; ETI). Chapter 3 contains two studies concerned with the development and validation of the Inventory of Essential Team Ingredients (IETI), designed to measure each sub-component of the ETI model. The first study adopted a new paradigm of measurement design to validate a multi-construct, single-item based inventory. The second study examined the extent to which factors within the ETI model could accurately predict effective teams in a sample of 32 high performing male and female cricket teams. Through the application of novel pattern recognition analyses, results suggested that certain features could accurately predict an effective team in nearly 90% of instances. Chapter 4 presents an intervention study, whereby a team building intervention based on the IETI was designed, delivered and evaluated, providing an indication that team functioning can be improved over a short period, and preliminary evidence for the utility of the IETI. Finally, Chapter 5 concludes the thesis by discussing some of the theoretical, conceptual, and applied implications of the findings, as well as the strengths and weaknesses of the research and potential avenues of future research.
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Priyantha, Nissanka Bodhi 1968. "The Cricket indoor location system". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33924.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (p. 191-199).
Indoor environments present opportunities for a rich set of location-aware applications such as navigation tools for humans and robots, interactive virtual games, resource discovery, asset tracking, location-aware sensor networking etc. Typical indoor applications require better accuracy than what current outdoor location systems provide. Outdoor location technologies such as GPS have poor indoor performance because of the harsh nature of indoor environments. Further, typical indoor applications require different types of location information such as physical space, position and orientation. This dissertation describes the design and implementation of the Cricket indoor location system that provides accurate location in the form of user space, position and orientation to mobile and sensor network applications. Cricket consists of location beacons that are attached to the ceiling of a building, and receivers, called listeners, attached to devices that need location. Each beacon periodically transmits its location information in an RF message. At the same time, the beacon also transmits an ultrasonic pulse. The listeners listen to beacon transmissions and measure distances to nearby beacons, and use these distances to compute their own locations.
(cont.) This active-beacon passive-listener architecture is scalable with respect to the number of users, and enables applications that preserve user privacy. This dissertation describes how Cricket achieves accurate distance measurements between beacons and listeners. Once the beacons are deployed, the MAT and AFL algorithms, described in this dissertation, use measurements taken at a mobile listener to configure the beacons with a coordinate assignment that reflects the beacon layout. This dissertation presents beacon interference avoidance and detection algorithms, as well as outlier rejection algorithms to prevent and filter out outlier distance estimates caused by uncoordinated beacon transmissions. The Cricket listeners can measure distances with an accuracy of 5 cm. The listeners can detect boundaries with an accuracy of 1 cm. Cricket has a position estimation accuracy of 10 cm and an orientation accuracy of 3 degrees.
by Nissanka Bodhi Priyantha.
Ph.D.
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Cork, Alex. "Next generation cricket bowling machine". Thesis, Loughborough University, 2009. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/15180.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Cricket is a traditional team sport played in over 100 countries around the world. Unlike many mainstream sports, cricket has seen little research and development within the equipment used to play the game. Ball launching machines have been used as a training aid in a number of sports including cricket, however, as with the playing equipment used, these too have seen little development. Current cricket bowling machines enable players to train at a high intensity producing repeatable deliveries for batsmen to hone their skills. A need has been established by the coaching staff of the England and Wales Cricket Board (ECB) for a cricket training system that provides batsmen with a match realistic environment in which to train. Existing cricket bowling machines do not offer batsmen pre-release visual information that they would receive in a match situation and the most popular models release moulded, dimpled balls that do not replicate the performance of cricket balls.
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Sarkar, Ajay Krishno. "Bat Swing Analysis in Cricket". Thesis, Griffith University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367481.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Technology in sports has had great impact during the last two decades. A lot of time, human power and cost are involved in existing batting research methods. The reliability and usefulness of these outcomes is prone to error and dependent on the human ability. In this project, miniature, inexpensive, user and match-friendly inertial sensors were used to extract the cricket bat swing features. The data was validated through existing tools. The object of this work was to demonstrate that accelerometers offer significant advantages in cricket batting analysis. Experimental and theoretical work involved ball free and ball-hit swing profiles.
Bat swing was analysed using accelerometer sensors and was validated using a rigid pendulum. Good agreement was obtained between the measured angles by inclinometer and static sensor (r=0.99), and between the swing angles estimated from equation and dynamic sensor (r=0.88). Hits on the pivot arm showed the optimum contact location to maximize the energy transfer to the ball. A non-linear pendulum equation with moving pivot was solved numerically to model for swing angles in straight drive. The derived equation showed good agreement with the acceleration data (r=0.91). The effect of initial angular velocity, the radius of rotation and phase angle of the pivot on the acceleration profile were strongly correlated with the maximum acceleration peak (r≡0.99).Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith School of Engineering
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
Full Text
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Singh, Harsimranjeet. "Experimental and computer modeling to characterize the performance of cricket bats". Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Fall2008/h_singh_102108.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (M.S. in mechanical engineering)--Washington State University, December 2008.Title from PDF title page (viewed on Apr. 8, 2009). "School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering." Includes bibliographical references.
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Hamilton, Amy M. "A taxonomic study of the genus Acris and the status of Acris crepitans blanchardi (Harper), Blanchard's cricket frog, in southern Ohio and western West Virginia". [Huntington, WV : Marshall University Libraries], 2008. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=888.
Testo completo
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Bayne, Kimberly Ann. "The natural history and morphology of the eastern cricket frog, Acris crepitans crepitans, in West Virginia". Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2004. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=387.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (M.S.)--Marshall University, 2004.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 103 p. including illustrations and maps. Includes bibliographical references (p. 100-103).
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Lin, Yan. ""Cricket is in the blood" (Re)producing Indianness: Families negotiating diasporic identity through cricket in Singapore". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Sociology and Anthropology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/996.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Diaspora invokes a way of living. Geographic displacement, either voluntary or forced, brings about heightened processes of negotiation between the past, the present and the future. Effectively, diaspora creates a space for dialogue about notions of individual subjectivity and group representation, as well as global and local belonging. These processes contribute pivotally to the identity development of diasporic people, and this plays out continually as is evident in the choices diasporic people make about the way they live. This thesis explores one aspect of the lives of elite diasporic Indian families in Singapore - cricket. The central question is how these diasporic people become 'Indian' through their participation in the sport. There are two major components - cricket and family. Firstly, I identify cricket as a site of diasporic negotiation in the lives of these Indians. I explore their practice of this activity as a physical and ideological space in and through which they negotiate their identity. In a country where cricket is not common practice, the Indian domination of the widespread 'public culture' of their country of origin reflects their intensified investment in Indianness. This results in the creation of a minoritized and largely exclusive social space. By participating in cricket, they play out their diasporic Indian identity. This is a myriad process of social construction and transformation of Indianness at individual and collective levels. Through active and concerted social labour in the cricket arena, translation of relevant Indianness into a foreign setting effectively creates a new Indian ethnicity. It is the very negotiation and mobilization of their ethnicity that facilitates the thriving of this elite Indian diaspora. The other major component in this thesis is that of the family in diaspora. This is important because most of the elite Indians moved to Singapore as nuclear family units. Decisions made and the structures of their lives take into account the impact upon the household at individual and collective levels. I explore and highlight the importance not only of families doing diaspora together, but that of the varied individual contributions of family members to cricket and how their various parts support one another's negotiation of their Indianness. Divided broadly into three categories of fathers, mothers and children (male and female), I look at their different ideals, attitudes and involvement in the sport. From my research, I found that fathers were the ideological spearhead and instigators of interest for cricket within families; mothers played support roles; and children participated for a variety of reasons. Boys played because it was deemed the natural thing for Indian boys as it is 'in their blood'. Girls on the other hand, played for a variety of different reasons which differed from their male counterparts. Their participation was a concerted effort in an attempt to get forms of Indianness that are reflected and constructed in cricket, 'into their blood'. This thesis is framed by the concept of doing Indian diaspora in Singapore. I explore the cricket arena as a key site of identity negotiation in three realms - the individual, the family, and the wider Indian network/community. This analysis seeks to highlight the importance of each realm in reinforcing and supporting one another's projects of constant and complex formation processes of Indianness.
22
Majumdar, Boria. "Cricket in colonial India : 1850-1947". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399425.
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Dorsey, Ronald. "Economic and statistical modelling in cricket". Thesis, University of Salford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.492410.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Professional cricket is a sport rich in readily available data and provides fertile ground for the analysis of a wide range of economic issues. Despite this, until recent years there has been a relatively sparse amount of academic research into the economics of cricket compared to other sporting activities. This thesis considers four issues relevant to English professional cricket: player movement and exit behaviour; the impact of toss and weather on championship outcomes; the effect of central contracts on county productivity; relative age effects in professional cricket.
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Bretman, Amanda Julia. "Sexual selection in a field cricket". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.410630.
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25
Poulet, James Francis Alexander. "Sound processing in the Singing Cricket". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.619560.
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Thelwell, Richard C. "Towards repeatable good performance in cricket". Thesis, University of Chichester, 2001. http://eprints.chi.ac.uk/858/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
An initial field based study was undertaken to measure and compare the intensity and directional sub-components of the state anxiety response in reflection to performance in cricket, in accordance with Hanin's (1980) Individual Zones of Optimal Functioning hypothesis. Following the results of the initial study, an alternative line of inquiry was followed. Subsequent investigations focused on the concept of 'repeatable good performance' as opposed to heightened performance states. More specifically, a triangulation of research studies, employing an inductive content analysis, a cultural consensus analysis and the repertory grid technique, attempted to understand what constitutes such a performance state in cricket. Additionally, the three studies attempted to establish what factors precede or are present during consistent good performance, and whether the antecedents for repeatable good performance are similar for varying roles within cricket. The triangulation generated a group of core element antecedents including: total self-confidence; optimal arousal levels; motivation and focus; and total match preparation, including, pre-match routines, set performance plans and use of imagery that are required by both batters and bowlers for the occurrence of repeatable good performance. An applied research study indicated that when the psychological requirements for repeatable good performance were included within an intervention, the potential for achieving repeatable good performance, and performance improvements, were increased. The study suggests repeatable good performance to be a viable construct within applied sport psychology. Despite such claims, further research is required to develop a scientifically valid definition of the construct, in addition to the further development of methods that allow for the identification and measurement of consistent performance.
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Noorbhai, Mohammed Habib. "The batting backlift technique in cricket". Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24908.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The batting technique in cricket consists of various elements such as the grip, stance, backlift, downswing, impact with the ball and follow through. Whilst there has been an extensive amount of research into these batting elements, there is little research specifically on the backlift technique. Therefore, we aimed to investigate and provide a scientific understanding of the batting backlift technique (BBT) in cricket. We aimed to investigate the BBT of the most successful batsmen (n = 65) in the last 120 years as well as players in the Indian Premier League (IPL) (n = 30). It was found that these batsmen did not conform to the current cricket coaching method that advocates a straight batting backlift technique (SBBT). Instead, 77% of successful batsmen and 90% of IPL batsmen employed a lateral batting backlift technique (LBBT) in which they lifted their bats in the direction of second slip or beyond with the bat face towards the off-side. Using this technique, both the toe of the bat and face of the bat points directly towards the off-side (usually between slips and point). The number of players using the LBBT was significantly greater than those using the SBBT (χ2 = 19.2, df = 1, p < 0.001). Given these findings, we were curious to determine whether this finding was similar at other levels of cricket. The second study therefore employed biomechanical and video analyses to evaluate the BBT of current semi-professional, professional and international cricketers (n = 155) from South Africa and the United Kingdom. The backlift of these batsmen was then compared to their career statistics. It was found that a LBBT is more prevalent at the highest levels of the professional game and a likely contributor factor for successful batting at the highest level (p≤0.05). The LBBT was also found to positively affect other components of the batting technique such as the stance and scoring areas. We then proceeded to investigate the BBT amongst the lower levels of cricket (junior and adolescent cricketers). The third study consists of an intervention study that employed a biomechanical analysis of coached and uncoached cricketers (n = 80). It was found that more than 70% of uncoached cricketers adopted a LBBT, whereas more than 70% of coached cricketers adopted the SBBT. Having found that the LBBT is a likely contributing factor for past and current successful batsmen, it was then important to understand what BBT the current cricket coaches are teaching at various proficiency levels. The fourth study explored the teachings of the BBT among international cricket coaches (n = 161) using a mixed methods approach through an online evaluation survey. This study was able to show that a majority of cricket coaches teach what is advocated in coaching manuals and mostly coach the SBBT as opposed to the LBBT at various levels of the game. In the fifth and sixth studies, this thesis further describes two innovative coaching tools that can improve and assist with the coaching of the LBBT. Firstly, a novel coaching cricket bat was investigated through a pilot and intervention study. In the pilot group, cricketers using the coaching bat scored approximately 1 more run per ball or an average of approximately three more runs in total when using the coaching bat than the normal bat (F = 6.70, df = 1, p = 0.012). In the intervention study, the experimental group scored double the total number of runs (an additional 16 runs) and an average of approximately 3 more runs per player in the post-match than in the pre-match, which showed a large effect (ES = 5.41) (t = 3.32, df = 5, p = 0.021). The coaching cricket bat might be used to coach young cricket players to hit the ball more effectively as well as how to adopt a more LBBT. Secondly, a mobile application was developed, which can be used by players, coaches and scientists to analyse and improve the BBT among cricketers at all levels. In summary, this thesis has shown that the LBBT is a likely contributing factor to successful batsmanship at all levels of cricket ability (junior cricketers, adolescent cricketers, semi-professional cricketers, professional cricketers, international cricketers and former elite/successful cricketers). Coaching a LBBT to young batsman may be challenging and therefore a coaching cricket bat has been developed and has shown to be a promising training aid for coaching the LBBT to young cricketers. A mobile application has also been designed and tested to assist in the coaching of the BBT in cricket. A way forward for further research in this area of cricket batting is documented at the end of the thesis.
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Eftaxiopoulou, Theofano. "Measuring elbow kinematics in cricket bowling". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/9133.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the sport of cricket the objective of the ‘no-ball’ law is to allow no performance advantage through elbow extension during ball delivery. Since the advent of high-speed video photography it has been revealed that some straightening occurs in bowlers who have actions that are traditionally considered in accordance with the law. Measuring the three-dimensional movement of the elbow is vital when assessing bowling legality in cricket. However, the elbow joint is a complex structure with a remarkable range of motion and tracking its movement through skin-based techniques can be highly erroneous due to the thick layer of skin overlying the joint. Within this work, a biomechanical model was mathematically developed and experimentally validated to assess bowling legality in cricket. The new model meets all of the specifications of a measurement method to be used in sports-related biomechanical studies for non-invasive measurement of joint kinematics at high speeds whilst allowing for the subject to move freely within a large volume. The model was compared with existing methods via a series of sensitivity analyses and was found to significantly improve repeatability compared to available elbow measurement techniques particularly in measuring subtle elbow rotations, such as elbow abduction and forearm pronation. In addition this model can be easily implemented within the existing experimental protocol for assessing bowling legality in cricket as proposed by the England and Wales Cricket Board and will be used in future clinical and sport-related studies.
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Stevenson, Karl. "Representative task design in cricket batting". Thesis, University of Brighton, 2016. https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/318a4c35-00df-45b2-a23d-eaeccc05f339.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In recent years researchers have argued that in order to fully understand perceptual cognitive expertise in sports, representative tasks must be used to preserve the tightly coupled links between perception and action that experts exploit. Previously, tasks have been considered as representative or not, with little evidence existing to indicate the degree to which a task is representative enough. This thesis primarily aimed to investigate experimentally representative tasks in cricket batting and the degree to which a laboratory-based task of cricket batting was able to represent batters’ emergent perceptuo-motor behaviour for perceiving bowlers’ delivery length. A secondary aim was to re-evaluate perceptuo-motor behaviours thought to contribute to skilled performance and their development. In chapter 2 skilled batsmen’s foot movements were recorded in response to balls bowled to a range of lengths under in situ and video-based laboratory conditions. Kinematic analyses quantified decision-making skill and movement scaling. Analyses revealed the laboratory condition to have a high degree of fidelity. Skilled batter’s Foot movements were reliably replicated and differences were found compared to a novice group. In chapter 3, response mode, occlusion condition and skill level were compared on the representative laboratory test developed in chapter 2. Analyses identified that skilled performance was only aided by maintaining coupled responses under occluded conditions, whilst no differences were observed under un-occluded conditions. Skilled performers were also shown to possess greater anticipation skills compared with novices under both coupled and un-coupled conditions. In Chapter 4, the effects of manipulating information present in situ, through simulated ball flight, and fully simulated training aids were compared in a novel experimental paradigm. Skilled batsmen faced deliveries across a range of lengths from a bowler (in situ), from a bowling machine (simulated ball flight) and from a ProBatter simulator (fully simulated action and ball flight). Results showed that simulated ball flight condition resulted in foot movements that were closer to in situ than the fully simulated condition, suggesting that if present, the link between bowling action and ball flight needs to be tightly coupled. These results demonstrate for the first time that representative tasks must not be considered unilaterally as representative or not, but instead the degree of representativeness should be quantified and evaluated against the expert behaviour under investigation. Determination of the degree of representativeness would allow researchers to apply findings to the performance environment with greater knowledge of their potential impact.
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Stretch, Richard Aldworth. "Validity and reliability of an objective test of cricket skills". Thesis, Rhodes University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005625.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study was conducted to assess the validity and reliability of four self-designed, objective tests of cricket batting, bowling, fielding and general ability skills. The batting test requires the batsman to hit a suspended ball at a target area as many times as possible in 60 seconds. His score is doubled to give his score for the batting test. In the bowling test the bowler is required to bowl ten balls at target areas marked on the pitch. Each delivery is recorded to give him a score out of 100. The fielding test requires the fielder to catch and field seven balls in a predetermined sequence. Each fielded ball that is not thrown through the target area incurs a penalty of three seconds. The total time taken is used to obtain the fielding test score out of 100. In the general ability test the player is required to hit a ball up and down twenty-five times. He then has to run along a predetermined path and field three balls and then bowl three balls at a target. A penalty of three seconds is added onto the time taken for each ball that does not pass through the target area. The actual score, out of 100, is determined from the total time taken. To determine the validity of the objective tests of batting, bowling, fielding and general ability, 155 subjects were subjectively assessed in these four categories by experienced coaches. The four objective tests were then conducted on these subjects and the scores compared. Forty-four subjects were assessed by experienced and inexperienced testers to determine the reliability of the tests when administered by different testers. To determine the reliability of the tests when repeatedly administered by one tester 23 subjects were assessed on five consecutive days. Significant correlations (p < 0,05) were found for the tests of validity between subjective and objective assessment (0,43 to 0,81) and the test for objectivity between experienced and inexperienced testers (0,41 to 0,78). A significant improvement (p < 0,05) in scores occurred during repeated testing, but most of this improvement took place between the first two tests. The results indicate that the tests are valid and reliable tests of cricket batting, bowling, fielding and general ability, if sufficient pre-test practice is allowed.
31
McGlusky, Narelle. "The willow and the palm : an exploration of the role of cricket in Fiji". Thesis, Connect to this title online, 2005. https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/1247/1/01front.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The starting point for this thesis is an investigation of the political role of cricket in the development of national identity among the colonies of the British Empire. The British invested the game with moral and political values and openly employed it to impose these values on their colonial populations. As the colonies established their own national identities they accepted, adopted and adapted these values for their own purposes. The game was used as a vehicle for entry into the closed society of the elite ruling class but was also utilized, both overtly and covertly, as a tool for resistance. This thesis examines this process in the Pacific state of Fiji through a study of the interaction of its political and social history with the development of cricket between 1874 and 1971.
While the role of cricket in the development of national identity in the major test playing nations has been extensively explored, very little has been done to discover whether the processes in these countries operated in those ex-colonies where the game is still played but not to test standard. There also appears to have been little consideration given to the more pragmatic question of why the game prospered in some colonies rather than others. The role of sport in the colonial experience of the people of the Pacific islands has been neglected by historians.
Utilising a broadly comparative approach, the study traces the Fijian experience with colonial sport through cricket. The importance of the sources of the game in other British colonies, the administration, missionaries and the education system, are placed in the Fijian context. The demographics of cricket in Fiji are established through a study of individual players. A contextual analysis of the game itself and the physical and geographical nature of Fiji reveal practical reasons for the game’s decline after its initial enthusiastic reception.
The thesis establishes that although cricket initially flourished in Fiji, the nature of the game, Fiji’s climate and geography and the competition provided by rugby union and soccer, led to its decline. The weather and terrain frustrated the most enthusiastic attempts to promote the game. Rugby provided Fijians with a more compatible form of entertainment and excitement, dovetailing with current images of maleness and masculinity. Soccer gave Indo-Fijians a cheap leisure activity in which all could participate. Cricket remained a chiefly game and did not become popular with the general population.
Relating the role of cricket to the concept of national identity within the Fijian state posed problems. National identity is intrinsically linked to nationalism and nationalism to the nation. Fiji does not fit comfortably within accepted definitions of the nation. During the period covered by the study, indigenous Fijians acknowledged cultural differences in their own society but retained a cohesive sense of ethnic identity which consolidated their polity. Nationalism, and national identity, presupposes an ‘other’. For Fijians the ‘other’ was the immigrant Indian community, not the British. The need to prove themselves against the coloniser, which drove other British colonies, did not motivate the Fijians. They were not establishing a ‘new’ national identity, only strengthening and re-working their existing identity to fit new circumstances. Hence their interaction with the game of cricket did not take on the political overtones experienced in other colonies.
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McGlusky, Narelle. "The willow and the palm : an exploration of the role of cricket in Fiji". Connect to this title online, 2005. http://eprints.jcu.edu.au/1247/1/01front.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The starting point for this thesis is an investigation of the political role of cricket in the development of national identity among the colonies of the British Empire. The British invested the game with moral and political values and openly employed it to impose these values on their colonial populations. As the colonies established their own national identities they accepted, adopted and adapted these values for their own purposes. The game was used as a vehicle for entry into the closed society of the elite ruling class but was also utilized, both overtly and covertly, as a tool for resistance. This thesis examines this process in the Pacific state of Fiji through a study of the interaction of its political and social history with the development of cricket between 1874 and 1971. While the role of cricket in the development of national identity in the major test playing nations has been extensively explored, very little has been done to discover whether the processes in these countries operated in those ex-colonies where the game is still played but not to test standard. There also appears to have been little consideration given to the more pragmatic question of why the game prospered in some colonies rather than others. The role of sport in the colonial experience of the people of the Pacific islands has been neglected by historians. Utilising a broadly comparative approach, the study traces the Fijian experience with colonial sport through cricket. The importance of the sources of the game in other British colonies, the administration, missionaries and the education system, are placed in the Fijian context. The demographics of cricket in Fiji are established through a study of individual players. A contextual analysis of the game itself and the physical and geographical nature of Fiji reveal practical reasons for the game’s decline after its initial enthusiastic reception. The thesis establishes that although cricket initially flourished in Fiji, the nature of the game, Fiji’s climate and geography and the competition provided by rugby union and soccer, led to its decline. The weather and terrain frustrated the most enthusiastic attempts to promote the game. Rugby provided Fijians with a more compatible form of entertainment and excitement, dovetailing with current images of maleness and masculinity. Soccer gave Indo-Fijians a cheap leisure activity in which all could participate. Cricket remained a chiefly game and did not become popular with the general population. Relating the role of cricket to the concept of national identity within the Fijian state posed problems. National identity is intrinsically linked to nationalism and nationalism to the nation. Fiji does not fit comfortably within accepted definitions of the nation. During the period covered by the study, indigenous Fijians acknowledged cultural differences in their own society but retained a cohesive sense of ethnic identity which consolidated their polity. Nationalism, and national identity, presupposes an ‘other’. For Fijians the ‘other’ was the immigrant Indian community, not the British. The need to prove themselves against the coloniser, which drove other British colonies, did not motivate the Fijians. They were not establishing a ‘new’ national identity, only strengthening and re-working their existing identity to fit new circumstances. Hence their interaction with the game of cricket did not take on the political overtones experienced in other colonies.
33
Renshaw, Ian. "Constraints on interceptive actions in cricket a thesis submitted to the Auckland University of Technology in fulfilment of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, September 2005". Full thesis. Abstract, 2005.
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34
Bradley, J. "Cricket, class and colonialism, c.1860-1914 : a study of two elites, the Marylebone and Melbourne cricket clubs". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.544367.
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35
James, David Mark. "Understanding the playing performance of cricket pitches". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.414654.
Testo completo
36
Colobong, Genee Lyn O. (Genee Lyn Ollero) 1976. "Sound devices for the Cricket Bus System". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80529.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (S.B. and M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1999.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 78-79).
by Genee Lyn O. Colobong.
S.B.and M.Eng.
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Parsons, Simon. "The aeration of clay soils in cricket". Thesis, Cranfield University, 2012. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/7855.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the game of cricket good ball-surface interactions are essential and require a hard, flat surface. To achieve this the clay loam soil comprising the pitch is compressed and compacted using a smooth wheeled roller, which when combined with the drying action of the grass plant roots, causing the clay minerals within the soil to shrink, creates a high bulk density, hard surface on which to play. High bulk density soils present difficult growing conditions for plants due to high mechanical resistance, reduced hydraulic conductivity and gas exchange capability. The hydraulic properties and gas exchange capability are linked to the connectivity and tortuosity of the pore network as well as pore size; all of which are diminished by compaction of the soil. Aeration is currently utilised as a tool to ameliorate the negative effects of compaction on the growing environment of the plant roots. Little research exists that describes the actions of aeration in clay loam soils. The current guidelines for aeration and the proof for its efficacy in cricket are based almost entirely on anecdotal evidence. A diverse methodology was used to meet the project objectives. This diversity reflects the broad nature of the expectations of the cricket groundsmen from aeration of pitches as reflected in a survey of current practise undertaken during the project. Novel experimental methods were used to examine the effect of aeration on soil atmospheres in the laboratory and under field conditions. The laboratory experiment revealed that vertically-operated solid tines did significantly increase the rate of diffusion through the soil, however in the field, this rate increase was only apparent after significant rainfall. New methods utilising time-lapse photography and automated image analysis quantified the magnitude of swelling in a range of soils in response to increasing water content over time to a high degree of accuracy. A similar method was employed to examine the shrinkage of the same soils as the water content was reduced, examining not only the magnitude but also the cracking patterns formed. These experiments aimed to examine the soils natural ability to recover from compaction over time. The soils natural ability to recover from compaction through shrink-swell and freeze-thaw was evident in the field trials. These field trials examined five diverse aeration treatments to examine the physical and biological effects they have on the soil. The field trials showed generally small and inconsistent effects on the physical properties of the soil from aeration treatments when compared to the natural processes of shrink-swell and freeze-thaw. One consistent effect from aeration was a 2% reduction in moisture content in one particular soil type. Aeration was found to have no effect on soil microbial biomass nor on soil organic matter content. In a pot experiment examining the effect of aeration in a range of soil densities the total root mass was not diminished by increasing soil density but became increasingly concentrated upwards in the profile. Aeration was found to slightly increase the root mass but only in the highest bulk density treatment (1.90 g cm-3) at depths below 75 mm. A set of guidelines were developed based on the evidence garnered from the experiments with a clearly defined decision process for choosing the most suitable equipment for the treatment aim. It is hoped that these guidelines will provide an informative reference for current and future groundsmen to ensure the optimum use of often scarce and valuable resources when choosing an aeration treatment.
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Patil, Yogendra Jayant. "Self-calibrating Cricket Motes for Indoor Navigation". Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1309542655.
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Quick, Shayne P. "World series cricket, television and Australian culture /". The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487683401442143.
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Ziehm, Ulrike. "Intensity adaptation in the cricket auditory system". Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16947.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Die Intensität verhaltensrelevanter Signale variiert oft über viele Größenordnungen. Gleichzeitig müssen sensorische Systeme in der Lage sein, über den gesamten relevanten Bereich feine Intensitätsunterschiede aufzulösen. Auf neuronaler Ebene ergibt sich bei Nutzung eines Feuerratencodes aus diesen Anforderungen ein grundsätzlicher Konflikt, da neuronale Antwortbereiche beschränkt sind. Eine Lösung, die in vielen Sinnessystemen beschrieben wurde, ist die Verschiebung von Intensität-Kennlinien, so dass der gesamte Antwortbereich des Neurons zur Verfügung steht, um schnelle Abweichungen vom Mittelwert zu kodieren. Diese Arbeit versucht anhand mathematischer Modelle zu beantworten, wie die Verschiebung von Kennlinien in einem neuronalen Netzwerk entstehen könnte. Ausgangspunkt ist eine Rezeptorpopulation mit Intensitätsbereichsaufteilung und einem begrenzten Verschiebungsbereich der Kennlinien von Einzelrezeptoren, die auf ein Output-Neuron konvergieren. Diese Organisation wurde vom auditorischen System der Grille inspiriert. Modelle, die auf einer Kombination aus einer sättigenden Nichtlinearität und Spike-Frequenz-Adaptation basieren, reproduzieren die Verschiebung der Kennlinien entlang der Intensitäts-Achse. Diese Modelle sind in der Intensitätsdiskriminierung dem Rezeptormodell und der Summe von Rezeptorantworten über große Intensitätsbereiche deutlich überlegen. Die Kennlinien dieser Modelle besitzen zudem weitere Eigenschaften, die in ihrer Kombination übereinstimmend in verschiedenen sensorischen Systemen beschrieben wurden: Insbesondere erklären sie eine zusätzliche scheinbare Verschiebung entlang der Antwortachse, unterschiedliche Steigungen der verschobenen Kennlinien, sowie Steigungsänderungen innerhalb einzelner Kennlinien. Die einfachen, abstrakt formulierten Modelle ermöglichen ein tieferes Verständnis adaptiver Mechanismen über das Modellsystem Grille hinaus.Intensities of behaviourally relevant signals often vary over many orders of magnitude. At the same time, sensory systems need to ensure high sensitivity to minute intensity differences across the full intensity range. These demands conflict on the neuronal level due to the boundedness of neuronal response ranges. To solve this dilemma, intensity response curves in many sensory system were found to shift towards the actual mean intensity so that the full response range can be used to encode fast fluctuations around the slowly varying mean. Using mathematical models, this study approaches the question how shifts of intensity response curves might arise in small neural networks. The starting point is a population of receptors with stacked response thresholds and limited capacity of adaptive shift that converge onto one output neuron. This organization was inspired by the auditory system of the cricket. A combination of a static saturating non-linearity and spike-frequency adaptation reproduced the desired shift of response curves along the intensity axis. With respect to intensity discrimination, these models are superior to the receptor model and the sum of receptor responses over a wide range of absolute intensities. The response curves generated by these model also displayed details of response curve behaviour consistently observed in numerous experimental studies. In particular, they explain an apparent shift along the response axis, different slopes of the shifted response curves, and changes in the slope within individual response curves. The simple, abstract models allow for a deeper understanding of adaptive mechanisms beyond the auditory system of the cricket.
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McNamara, Dean. "Cricket fast bowler monitoring and workload management". Thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2016. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/2a6fdf9ebd765b44e851349cf40d44e10ea5b693d16cdfe5a97e35de32ce9e4e/7945124/McNamara_2016_Cricket_fast_bowler_monitoring_and_workload.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The sport of cricket is challenged by three formats of the game; each with varying workload demands. The most recent format is T20 cricket, first played internationally in 2005. Further to this, elite performers are often required to play for upwards of four different professional teams across the year; increasing the complexities in player workload management and other sports science-related support. Fast bowlers have greater overall match-play demands than other playing positions in cricket. Wearable microtechnology for tracking external load in athletes is common practice. Despite microtechnology enabling meaningful analyses of workload beyond routinely reported metrics, little application has occurred within fast bowling. The high injury risk in fast bowlers is well established, yet the intensive demands on these athletes remain poorly understood. The overall aim of this program of research was to use scientific literature to first understand the interaction of workload, injury and performance in elite level fast bowlers and then improve the understanding of workload management using advances in wearable microtechnology. The program of research in this thesis “with publication” first generated studies identifying the problem (a systematic review). The four subsequent chapters of original research built on the review to profile the match-play and training demands of cricketers, explore the variability of wearable microtechnology outputs during fast bowling, and finally develop and quantify an innovative means to monitor and manage workload within the specific demands of fast bowling in cricket. Although monitoring acute and chronic workloads of fast bowlers remains the most ideal method for identifying preparedness and injury likelihood in fast bowlers, complexities exist that make the systematic prescription of bowling workloads difficult. The results confirmed that the external load of cricket match-play and training varied between fast bowlers and non-fast bowlers. Furthermore, external loads experienced by 26 elite performing cricketers differentially affected the neuromuscular, endocrine, and perceptual fatigue responses of these players. Outputs from wearable microtechnology provided adequate stability across the performance of elite fast bowlers. These outputs were comparable with routinely used measures of fast bowling performance and intensity. Algorithms linking microtechnology outputs demonstrated good sensitivity in detecting fast bowling events in elite cricketers across competition (99.5%) and training (99.0%). The specificity of detecting fast bowling events decreased in competition (74.0%) however, remained high during training (98.1%). With the ability to automatically detect fast bowling events, metrics of bowling intensity can be explored more rigorously. Outputs from the gyroscope and accelerometers in the wearable technology provided strong associations with prescribed bowling intensity. Collectively, this thesis has highlighted the challenges of applied research in cricket, and more specifically the capacity to more objectively monitor external load in cricket fast bowlers. Wearable microtechnology has the potential to advance and refine measures of bowling workload and provide a greater depth of support for cricket fast bowlers.
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Westall, Claire Louise. "What should we know of cricket who only England know? : cricket and its heroes in English and Caribbean literature". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2007. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/4116/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
As the game of England and empire, cricket is a significant colonial and postcolonial cultural practice which has proven as important to anti colonial modes of resistance, opposition and independence as its image of Englishness was to the hegemonizing project of British imperialism. Although the game has an immense literature of its own, little critical attention has been paid to its place in the field of literary studies. Consequently, taking its title and starting point from the interwoven questioning of Rudyard Kipling and C. L. R. James, this thesis explores cricket's repeated presence in English and Caribbean literature as a symbol of interconnected national and imperial identities under constant renegotiation, concentrating specifically on the construction and problematization of the male cricket hero - real and/or fictional - from Tom Brown to Brian Lara. Organized around the territorial metaphor of the crease, Part One, `English Literature at the Imperial Crease 1850s-1950s', offers two chapters which examine the place of cricket in the creation, imperial contextualization and post war decline of the English cricketing gentleman as a hero of the nation. Part Two, `Caribbean Heroes at the Literary Crease after 1950', engages with cricket's relation to the masculine quest for independence in Trinidadian literature as well as a range of poetic representations of the Caribbean's substantial investment in cricket heroes. Finally, Part Three, `The Straight White Line', re-evokes the crease as line and territory to read the trans-gendered British Caribbean cricketing body of Neil Jordan's The Crying Game (1992). The thesis argues that while cricket has been a valuable vehicle for the postcolonial expression of freedom in the Caribbean and elsewhere it has also remained tied to an over investment in individual male heroes which continues to pose substantial problems to projects of collective emancipation.
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Ross, Alan J. "Cricket and the establishment : a social history of cricket in Lancashire with specific reference to the Liverpool competition 1775-1935 /". The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487585645577718.
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Wang, Hsien-Yi Sabrina. "Motor neurons and motor patterns underlying phonotaxis during flight of the cricket, Teleogryllus oceanicus". Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63869.
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Ivy, Tracie Marie Sakaluk Scott Kitchener. "The evolution of polyandry in the decorated cricket, Gryllodes sigillatus". Normal, Ill. : Illinois State University, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=1221741601&SrchMode=1&sid=4&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1176386432&clientId=43838.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 2005.Title from title page screen, viewed April 12, 2007. Dissertation Committee: Scott K. Sakaluk (chair), Diane L. Byers, Steven A. Juliano, Sabine S. Loew, William L. Perry. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 96-114) and abstract. Also available in print.
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Threlfall-Sykes, Judy. "A history of English women's cricket, 1880-1939". Thesis, De Montfort University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/12262.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis is a study of the history of women’s cricket from the 1880s until 1939. Although the primary focus of this thesis is the interwar years, it explores the earliest forms of women’s cricket to provide context for the motivation of individuals to promote the game as acceptable for women, and of those who denounced its suitability. By exploring societal concerns over correct masculine and feminine behaviour and ideals, this thesis provides insight into the methods that contemporaries adopted to contrast these restrictions. Through a detailed examination of local newspapers and archival sources, this thesis investigates the reactions by society to the concept of women playing what was hitherto seen as a masculine sport. In particular it examines the relationship not only between the women and men who organised cricket on a national scale, but between middle- and working- class women and how class played an equally important role as gender as a restricting influence on opportunities for working-class women to participate in leisure. As a consequence, this thesis will demonstrate the willingness of working-class women to participate in physical activities when given the opportunity, either through their male counterparts, or the workplace. Although academic work on the history of women’s sport is an expanding field, little attention has been paid to specific team games, with the exception of football. Similarly, research on women’s sport has primarily focused on women of the upper- and middle-classes, with the activities of working-class women being largely overlooked. This thesis aims to expand our knowledge of women’s cricket by not only providing a detailed examination of the national sporting organisations, but also to redress the knowledge gaps surrounding the participation in sport by working-class women.
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Asif, Muhammad. "Statistical modelling in limited overs in international cricket". Thesis, University of Salford, 2013. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/29404/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis addresses two areas of research relating to limited overs cricket using statistical analysis. First, we investigate the issue of resetting targets in interrupted matches and propose an alternative, new method to this end. Second, we address the problem of in-play forecasting match outcome
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Persad, Lomas Shiva. "Musculoskeletal modelling of the shoulder during cricket bowling". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/40383.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Shoulder injuries affect athletes who participate in overhead sports, such as swimming, baseball or basketball. This is due to the high loading, large range of motion and repetitive nature of the sporting task. Impingement has been identified as the most common cause of shoulder pain in overhead athletes. Cricket bowling involves one of the more complex sporting tasks where the arm goes through a large range of motion during circumduction to project the cricket ball at varying degrees of speed and spin where injury surveillance research estimates that over 20% of cricket injuries are related to the upper limb with the glenohumeral joint being the second most injured site. Similar to other overhead athletes, cricket bowlers have a prevalence of shoulder injury and pain with loss of internal rotation. It is hypothesised that this is due to large distraction forces and muscle imbalance at the glenohumeral joint. A second, specific hypothesis is that bowlers who have greater internal rotation after delivering the cricket ball are more likely to suffer from impingement. The motivation for this study is derived from these hypotheses. The aim of this thesis was to test the hypotheses above and investigate potential shoulder injury risk in cricket bowlers. A full body 3D kinematic analysis of fast and slow bowling actions was conducted and a musculoskeletal model used to investigate joint forces and muscle activations at the shoulder. Technical advances were made in musculoskeletal modelling; these included a new kinematic optimisation routine and improvements in the muscle wrapping method. The performance of a scapula tracker in full speed bowling trials showed good repeatability. There was however, significantly greater posterior/anterior tilt and internal rotation underlining the effect of speed of movement on the scapula tracker that was used. At ball release, the glenohumeral adduction angle for fast bowlers was between 36° - 80° and 59° - 66° for slow bowlers with the humerus externally rotated within a range of 90° - 140° and 71° - 131° for both sets of bowlers respectively. The analysis showed that one potentially vulnerable position was in the region between upper arm horizontal and ball release due to the location of the joint reaction force and its magntiude. A large distraction force was reported for bowlers where the superior shear forces was also a key factor in determining the risk on injuries at the joint. Predicted activation pattern for subscapularis substantiate the risk of impingement injuries due to overuse and fatigue during rotation of the arm from upper arm horizontal to ball release. In addition, internal/external glenohumeral joint torque values were similar for both sets of bowlers with the peak value occuring midway between upper arm horizontal and ball release. Further work should concentrate on the link between technique and musculoskeletal loads and thus allow training to mitigate the risk of shoulder injury.
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Williams, John Alan. "Cricket and society in Bolton between the wars". Thesis, Lancaster University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333895.
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Shorter, Kathleen A. "The pathomechanics of shoulder injuries in cricket bowlers". Thesis, University of Chichester, 2011. http://eprints.chi.ac.uk/808/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Injury surveillance research has established that over 20 % of cricket injuries are related to the upper limb (Leary & White, 2000; Ranson & Gregory, 2008; Stretch, 2003), with bowlers associated altered rotational joint range of motion (Aginsky et al., 2004, BellJenje & Gray, 2005 and Stuelcken et al., 2008). As the applicability of such observations is limited, the aim of this thesis was to provide researchers with a greater understanding of the pathomechanics of shoulder injuries afflicting cricket bowlers though quantifying associated musculoskeletal adaptations and subsequently through the development and validation of a bowling specific kinematic model, establish the influence these may impart on bowling technique. The use of diagnostic ultrasound within the first experimental study in a cohort of bowlers without a history of shoulder injury, established a high prevalence of supraspinatus (45 %) and subscapularis (50 %) tendon pathology, providing insight into common musculotendinous pathology and adaptations that are indicative of the future potential of injury. Data presented within the second study aimed to first quantify the kinematics of the shoulder during the bowling delivery in relation to humerothoracic motion and, second, the influence of rotation sequence to described humerothoracic motion was investigated. Findings established that whilst the bowling delivery was associated with large variability, future research must acknowledge the contribution of the scapula to shoulder motion. As such, due to the complexity of quantifying shoulder motion during cricket bowling, the following three experimental studies evaluated and developed the CSBT shoulder model through modifying current methods. The mCAST method in conjunction with an acromion cluster, was established to not only reduce resultant RMSE associated with scapula landmarks by up to 0.016 m, but also increase the repeatability and robustness of reconstructing GHJ location using the SCoRE method. The emphasis of the final experimental study was to apply the CSBT shoulder model to establish the contribution of individual rotator cuff muscles to shoulder joint stability and, to identify phases of the bowling delivery which increases the risk of injury. This case study established that during the bowling delivery the shoulder experiences large multi-planar forces placing demand on musculature, in particular supraspinatus and Subscapularis to stabilise the joint. These findings in conjunction with those of the first experimental study, not only identify structures at risk of injury but also establish that for the effective formulation of injury prevention strategies the bowling delivery must be investigated in its entirety.