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Eka Vicky Yulivantina, Siswanto Pabidang e Gunarmi. "STRATEGI LINTAS SEKTORAL UNTUK PENGUATAN KESEHATAN PADA CALON PENGANTIN". WOMB Midwifery Journal 1, n. 1 (30 giugno 2022): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.54832/wombmidj.v1i1.33.
Abstract (sommario):
Maternal and infant mortality rates are caused by complications in pregnancy and childbirth as a result of no good pregnancy planning. Limited information on prospective brides causes low awareness of the importance of premarital health services. This is directly proportional to low participation in accessing health services. The purpose of this study is to determine cross-sectoral strategies for strengthening health for prospective brides in the city of Yogyakarta. This research method is qualitative with a phenomenological study approach, namely exploring subjective experiences from the perspective of research informants. Determination of informants is done using purposive sampling technique, namely the determination of informants based on certain goals and criteria that have been set. Data collection was carried out by in-depth interviews with informants. The validity of the data was tested by testing credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability by extending the observation period, increasing persistence, peer debriefing, member check and triangulation until the data collected was saturated for four months. Data analysis was carried out using the van meter and van horn theoretical approaches. The conclusion in this study is that health services for the prospective premarital couple aim to prepare the health of the prospective premarital couple for pregnancy, childbirth and contraceptive preparation; Human resources involved in the service are KUA officers, BP4 officers, midwives, lab officers, general practitioners, nutrition officers and psychologists; All KUA, BP4 and health workers serve wholeheartedly regardless of the background of the bride and groom; Communication between organizations is mainly carried out through SOPs for premarital couple services and support from the environment, economy, social, and politics in the form of cross-sectoral support from KUA and BP4, the Yogyakarta City area is not a conflict area, so it does not affect the stability of services for the premarital couple.
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Zhao, Meng-Li, Fei-Yan Ji, Wen-Jun Lu, Yong Xiao, Da-Shuai Zhang e Lei Zhu. "Backfire Patch Antenna with Enhanced Gain and Low Side-Lobe Level under Triple-Mode Resonance". International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering 2023 (8 febbraio 2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/9639026.
Abstract (sommario):
A novel design approach to wideband, triple-mode resonant microstrip patch antenna with enhanced backfire gain and low side-lobe level, is advanced. The antenna consists of a 2.0-wavelength sectorial magnetic dipole and an annular sector reflector which width is an odd multiple(s) of 1/4-wavelength. Under high-order mode resonance, the principal radiator and the reflector can be tuned to electrically couple, thus simultaneously to yield enhanced backfire radiation and low side-lobe level. As is numerically simulated and experimentally validated, the width of reflector is finally determined to be 3/4-wavelength. In that fashion, the antenna exhibits an impedance bandwidth of 43.6%, with a backfire gain up to 7.3 dBi and a first side-lobe level as low as -16.4 dB in V2X-band within x y -plane.
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Huang, D. J., B. Yang, W. Q. Chen e H. J. Ding. "Analytical solutions for an infinite transversely isotropic functionally graded sectorial plate subjected to a concentrated force or couple at the tip". Acta Mechanica 227, n. 2 (29 settembre 2015): 495–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00707-015-1460-x.
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Arens, Stefan, Sunke Schlüters, Benedikt Hanke, Karsten von Maydell e Carsten Agert. "Sustainable Residential Energy Supply: A Literature Review-Based Morphological Analysis". Energies 13, n. 2 (16 gennaio 2020): 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13020432.
Abstract (sommario):
The decarbonization of the energy system will bring substantial changes, from supranational regions to residential sites. This review investigates sustainable energy supply, applying a multi-sectoral approach from a residential site perspective, especially with focus on identifying crucial, plausible factors and their influence on the operation of the system. The traditionally separated mobility, heat, and electricity sectors are examined in more detail with regard to their decarbonization approaches. For every sector, available technologies, demand, and future perspectives are described. Furthermore, the benefits of cross-sectoral integration and technology coupling are examined, besides challenges to the electricity grid due to upcoming technologies, such as electric vehicles and heat pumps. Measures such as transport mode shift and improving building insulation can reduce the demand in their respective sector, although their impact remains uncertain. Moreover, flexibility measures such as Power to X or vehicle to grid couple the electricity sector to other sectors such as the mobility and heat sectors. Based on these findings, a morphological analysis is conducted. A morphological box is presented to summarize the major characteristics of the future residential energy system and investigate mutually incompatible pairs of factors. Lastly, the scenario space is further analyzed in terms of annual energy demand for a district.
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John, Neetu A., Ayodeji Adebayo, Natalie A. Boychuk e Funmilola OlaOlorun. "Intimate partner violence (IPV) prevention using a cross-sectoral couple-based intervention: results from a cluster randomised control trial in Ibadan, Nigeria". BMJ Global Health 7, n. 2 (febbraio 2022): e007192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-007192.
Abstract (sommario):
IntroductionIntimate partner violence (IPV) is the most common form of violence women experience globally. Economic empowerment interventions have been implemented across countries to prevent and address IPV, with mixed results. A sociological ‘male-backlash’ model suggests that addressing unequal gender norms is crucial to reduce IPV. This study evaluates the impact of a multipronged intervention among heterosexual couples in urban and periurban Ibadan that aimed at reducing IPV by increasing financial and reproductive literacy, fostering gender equality and improving relationship quality.MethodsA four-arm mixed-methods cluster randomised control trial was employed. Baseline data and end line data six months postintervention were collected to estimate changes in key outcomes. In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 couples 2 years postintervention to explore the drivers of changes in outcomes. Difference-in-differences regression models were estimated to compare changes in IPV levels across the three intervention arms and control arm, and thematic analysis was conducted to understand drivers of change in IPV outcomes.ResultsPhysical IPV decreased significantly in the gender socialisation (GS) (β: −4.63 (SE: 2.12)) and GS and financial literacy (β: −4.61 (SE: 2.02)) groups as compared with the control group. Changes in emotional and sexual IPV were marginally significant or insignificant, respectively, suggesting that the intervention did not have an impact on non-physical forms of IPV. In the in-depth interviews, couples reported improved communication and trust, enhanced conflict management skills, and increased mutual respect as a result of participation across intervention arms, which may have facilitated the reduction of violence in their relationships.ConclusionThis study highlights the potential utility of gender transformative interventions for improving physical IPV outcomes. Future research should seek to understand the mechanisms that influence sexual and emotional IPV as their aetiology may be different from physical violence.Trail registration numberThe study protocol was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT03888495).
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Gupta, Rajani, Renu Adhikari e Poonam Rishal. "Childlessness and health seeking behavior in resource poor setting of dang and Udayapur district of Nepal". International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 10, n. 11 (27 ottobre 2021): 4076. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20214313.
Abstract (sommario):
Background: Childlessness is not problem in resource-poor area where fertility rates are high. The consequence of childlessness is very severe in low-income countries like Nepal, particularly for women. Childless women are frequently stigmatized, isolated, ostracized, disinherited and neglected by the family and local community. This may result in physical and psychological abuse, polygamy and even suicide. The aim of the study is to explore the perception of childlessness, its cause and consequences and health seeking behavior among couples in order to develop strategies for action and policy-setting.Methods: This was a qualitative study conducted in Dang and Udayapur district of Nepal. Childlessness couple were recruited through snowball sampling. Information was also gathered from key informant and Focus group discussion. All interview were audiotaped using a digital recorder.Results: Women expressed that they are being discriminated, humiliated and intimated by their family members and society for being childlessness. Despite childlessness problem with husband, women experience emotional and physical abuse. Financial constraints and unaffordable service as one of the major problems among couple that led to withdrawal or stop attending their follow up for modern treatment.Conclusions: The study concludes that childlessness women suffer from all spare of their personal and social life although childlessness is a biomedical cause. Financial hardship and family pressure made them to seek traditional healer for first treatment approach for childlessness rather than modern method of treatment. Therefore, childlessness needs to be seen as a public health issue rather than a pure medical condition. Hence, multi-sectoral (i.e., Preventive, promotive and social dimension) response to address childlessness could be valuable.
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Crippa, Monica, Greet Janssens-Maenhout, Diego Guizzardi, Rita Van Dingenen e Frank Dentener. "Contribution and uncertainty of sectorial and regional emissions to regional and global PM<sub>2.5</sub> health impacts". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, n. 7 (16 aprile 2019): 5165–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-5165-2019.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract. In this work we couple the HTAP_v2.2 global air pollutant emission inventory with the global source receptor model TM5-FASST to evaluate the relative contributions of the major anthropogenic emission sources (power generation, industry, ground transport, residential, agriculture and international shipping) to air quality and human health in 2010. We focus on particulate matter (PM) concentrations because of the relative importance of PM2.5 emissions in populated areas and the well-documented cumulative negative effects on human health. We estimate that in 2010, depending on the region, annual averaged anthropogenic PM2.5 concentrations varied between ca. 1 and 40 µg m−3, with the highest concentrations observed in China and India, and lower concentrations in Europe and North America. The relative contribution of anthropogenic emission sources to PM2.5 concentrations varies between the regions. European PM pollution is mainly influenced by the agricultural and residential sectors, while the major contributing sectors to PM pollution in Asia and the emerging economies are the power generation, industrial and residential sectors. We also evaluate the emission sectors and emission regions in which pollution reduction measures would lead to the largest improvement on the overall air quality. We show that air quality improvements would require regional policies, in addition to local- and urban-scale measures, due to the transboundary features of PM pollution. We investigate emission inventory uncertainties and their propagation to PM2.5 concentrations, in order to identify the most effective strategies to be implemented at sector and regional level to improve emission inventories, knowledge and air quality modelling. We show that the uncertainty of PM concentrations depends not only on the uncertainty of local emission inventories, but also on that of the surrounding regions. Countries with high emission uncertainties are often impacted by the uncertainty of pollution coming from surrounding regions, highlighting the need for effective efforts in improving emissions not only within a region but also from extra-regional sources. Finally, we propagate emission inventory uncertainty to PM concentrations and health impacts. We estimate 2.1 million premature deaths per year with an uncertainty of more than 1 million premature deaths per year due to the uncertainty associated only with the emissions.
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Yin, Y., Q. Tang e X. Liu. "Impacts of future climate change on potential yields of major crops in China". Earth System Dynamics Discussions 5, n. 1 (27 maggio 2014): 617–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esdd-5-617-2014.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract. Climate change may affect crop development and yield, and consequently cast a shadow of doubt over China's food self-sufficiency efforts. In this study we used the model projections of a couple of global gridded crop models (GGCMs) to assess the effects of future climate change on the potential yields of the major crops (i.e. wheat, rice, maize and soybean) over China. The GGCMs were forced with the bias-corrected climate data from 5 global climate models (GCMs) under the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 8.5 which were made available by the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISI-MIP). The results show that the potential yields of rice may increase over a large portion of China. Climate change may benefit food productions over the high-altitude and cold regions where are outside current main agricultural area. However, the potential yield of maize, soybean and wheat may decrease in a large portion of the current main crop planting areas such as North China Plain. Development of new agronomic management strategy may be useful for coping with climate change in the areas with high risk of yield reduction.
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Kasdi, Abdurrohman. "Marriage Counseling as an Effort to Build a Sakinah Family: Model of Fostering and Mentoring for Sakinah Families in Demak Regency". KONSELING RELIGI Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling Islam 10, n. 1 (26 giugno 2019): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/kr.v10i1.5500.
Abstract (sommario):
<p class="06IsiAbstrak">This article examines the model of fostering and mentoring sakinah families in Demak Regency by marriage<strong> </strong>counseling. The method used qualitative with a phenomenological approach and psychoanalytic approach. The aim of this approach is to research the meaning of essential things about marriage counseling in forming a sakinah family, then to relate to a model of family fostering and mentoring for sakinah families in Demak Regency. The research shows that: first, to realize a sakinah family, marriage counseling focus in psychology and syaria. Second, marriage counseling as a process of giving assistance to individuals so that in carrying out marriage and married life can be in harmony with the provisions and instructions of Allah. Third, there was a decline in divorce rates in the Demak Regency area. Data decreasing by 13%, from 19% in 2016 to 6% in 2017. The decline in divorce rates in Demak Regency is inseparable from the guidance and assistance carried out by Islamic Religious Counselors who collaborate with cross-sectoral agencies in providing counseling for marriage to husband and wife couple in Demak Regency to be fostered by sakinah family.</p>
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Rosier, Michel. "Le modèle de reproduction et d’accumulation d’A. Smith". Recherches économiques de Louvain 53, n. 2 (giugno 1987): 167–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0770451800083123.
Abstract (sommario):
INTRODUCTIONSelon l’interprétation de la Richesse des nations restée dominante jusqu’à la seconde guerre mondiale, les questions de l’allocation des ressources, de la détermination des prix et de la répartition constituaient le « noyau dur » de cet ouvrage. A cette époque, H. Myint en prit le contrepied: « The method of regarding the problem of allocating ressources as the main concern of the classical economists fails to provide such a central unifying principle » (Myint, [1946], p. 120). Il proposa une autre grille de lecture ayant pour axe les problèmes ressortissant au développement et à la croissance. C’est dans cette perspective que s’inscriront par la suite certains travaux tentant de rendre compte de la cohérence et de la pertinence des thèses d’A. Smith dans le cadre de modèles macroéconomiques de croissance (Lowe, [1954 et 1975]; Thweatt, [1957]; Adelman, [1962]; Barkaï, [1969]; O’Brien, [1975]; Eltis, [1975]). Ces travaux ont en commun de faire abstraction de toute différenciation sectorielle et de prêter une attention toute particulière au couple smithien division du travail-extension du marché et, par là, d’attribuer une place primordiale à la question des rendements d’échelle. Schématiquement, A. Smith, ayant supposé des rendements d’échelle croissants, aurait eu une conception cumulative de la croissance, représentable graphiquement par une spirale.
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Datoo, Al Karim, Hassanain Haider e Ali Nawab. "Out-Of-School Children in Northern Sindh, Pakistan Qualitative Exploration of Push and Pull Factors". Academy of Education and Social Sciences Review 3, n. 1 (28 febbraio 2023): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.48112/aessr.v3i1.365.
Abstract (sommario):
Despite its severity in Pakistan, the issue of out-of-school children has surprisingly received very little attention from academics. A couple of studies conducted in other provinces of Pakistan have investigated the views of parents and school principals on out-of-school children, where both parties seem to be blaming each other. How do children themselves feel being out of school, although very significant has remained unattended. It is believed that listening to the voices of the real sufferers is essential, to bring forth insights that would help policy makers and educational reformers in considering the existent issues to be addressed in relation to out-of-school children. The current study explores the perceptions of out-of-school children, factors that force to drop them out of school, and the challenges they face after dropping out of school. Five children who had dropped out of school were identified and interviewed using semi-structured interviews. The results revealed that the push-out factors enforced by the schools included teachers' unprofessional behaviors. Pull-out factors enforced from home included poverty and heavy responsibilities at a very early age and to be an earning member for the family. The study calls for collaborative efforts by schools, parents, community, and civil society to address multi-sectorial issues of out-of-school children. It is also argued that for SDG-4 to be practically effective on grounds in Sindh or elsewhere for that matter, education needs to be re-imagined to make education of out of school children possible.
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Mardhiah, Ainul, Nova Hasbani Prima Dewi e Aminy Aminy. "Hubungan Sikap dan Karakteristik Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS) dengan Keikutsertaan dalam Program KB di Wilayah Kerja UPT Puskesmas Sungai Raya Kecamatan Sungai Raya Kabupaten Aceh Timur". Serambi Saintia : Jurnal Sains dan Aplikasi 8, n. 2 (30 ottobre 2020): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.32672/jss.v8i2.2424.
Abstract (sommario):
The family planning program also aims to improve the quality of the family in order to generate a sense of security, peace and hope of a better future in realizing the prosperity of birth and inner happiness. Allegedly the factor causing EFA participation in the family planning program is characteristic. The purpose of this research is to know the relationship of attitude and characteristic of Elderly Age Couple (PUS) with participation in family planning program at UPT Puskesmas Sungai Raya Sungai Raya District, East Aceh regency 2018. The research design used was analytic survey with cross sectional design. The population of this study is all Pairs Age of Fertile located in Work Area UPT Sungai Raya Public Health Service Center in January to December 2017 which amounted to 1897 people. Sampling using Slovin formula, obtained as many as 95 samples. The study was conducted from 7-17 July 2018 using questionnaires by interview. Statistical test using chi-square test. Result of research indicate that majority of fertile couple couples (PUS) participate in family planning program as much as 67 respondents (70,5%). Statistically there is relationship of attitude and characteristic of Elderly Age Couple (EFA) with non participation in family planning program in Working Area of UPT Puskesmas Sungai Raya Sungai Raya District of East Aceh Regency 2018 with p value <0,1. It is recommended that the family planning program holders in UPT Puskesmas Sungai Raya Sungai Raya District of East Aceh District to invite cross-sectoral figures to hold meetings to create mini workshop plans at least once a month to increase the participation of the Elderly Age Couple (PUS) in family planning programs. Keyword : Family Planning Program, Attitudes, CharacteristicsABSTRAKProgram KB juga bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas keluarga agar dapat timbul rasa aman, tentram, dan harapan masa depan yang lebih baik dalam mewujudkan kesejahteraan lahir dan kebahagiaan batin. Diduga faktor yang menyebabkan ketidakikutsertaan PUS dalam program KB adalah karakteristik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan sikap dan karakteristik Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS) dengan keikutsertaan dalam program KB di Wilayah Kerja UPT Puskesmas Sungai Raya Kecamatan Sungai Raya Kabupaten Aceh Timur tahun 2018. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei analitik dengan rancangan bedah lintang. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah seluruh Pasangan Usia Subur yang berada di Wilayah Kerja UPT Puskesmas Sungai Raya pada bulan Januari sampai dengan Desember tahun 2017 yang berjumlah 1.897 orang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan rumus Slovin, didapatkan sebanyak 95 sampel. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari tanggal 7-17 Juli tahun 2018 menggunakan kuesioner dengan cara wawancara. Uji statistik menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS) ikut serta dalam program KB yaitu sebanyak 67 responden (70,5%). Secara statistik ada hubungan sikap dan karakteristik Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS) dengan ketidakikutsertaan dalam program KB di Wilayah Kerja UPT Puskesmas Sungai Raya Kecamatan Sungai Raya Kabupaten Aceh Timur tahun 2018 dengan p value < 0,1. Sebaiknya pemegang program KB di UPT Puskesmas Sungai Raya Kecamatan Sungai Raya Kabupaten Aceh Timur agar mengajak tokoh lintas sektor agar mengadakan pertemuan untuk membuat rencana loka karya mini setidaknya satu bulan sekali untuk meningkatkan keikutsertaan Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS) dalam program KB.Kata Kunci : Program KB, Sikap, Karakteristik
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Löfgren, Karl, e Birgitte Poulsen. "Project Management in the Danish Central Government". Scandinavian Journal of Public Administration 17, n. 2 (15 giugno 2013): 61–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.58235/sjpa.v17i2.15751.
Abstract (sommario):
While project management (PM) has become an almost constituting element of modern public organisations, empirical research on PM in the civil service, let alone government offices, has been overlooked. In this article, we will on the basis of public organisation recruitment efforts illustrated through a textual analysis of job adverts for the Danish Civil Service, analyse how the individual roles related to project management in civil service organisation from 1982 until 2011 has emerged in terms of the following dimensions: a) the project managerial role, b) required competences for PM, c) whether the role of PM refer to internal or external projects, d) which stages of the policy cycle which are subject to PM, e) and whether we are talking about permanent project management organisations or just temporary projects. These questions are then applied on a minor empirical textual analysis of job adverts in a Danish professional journal in the period of 1982-2011 with the aim of generating a couple of hypotheses. The results of the study shows that project management has permeated throughout the central service, but also that the pro- ject management has become a term used inequitably for describing all forms of work-life in modern bureaucracies. Also, we identify a number of hypotheses for future works. First, project management in the Danish civil service is not a managerial role. Second, by requesting project management competence, the investigated ministries were looking for certain interpersonal skills, and not transferable PM competences. Finally, being a project manager in the Danish civil service means being ready for internal projects, not to work more cross-sectoral with other actors.
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Merino, Mª Dolores, Jesús Privado Zamorano e Rocío Durán. "Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) adapted to work: Psychometric Properties of the Satisfaction with Work Scale (SWWS)". Anales de Psicología 37, n. 3 (11 agosto 2021): 557–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/analesps.430801.
Abstract (sommario):
El objetivo de esta investigación ha sido adaptar la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida (SWLS) al contest laboral, generando la Escala de Satisfacción con el Trabajo (SWWS). Para ello, los ítems fueron adaptados al context laboral modificando la version original SWLS lo menos possible. Se empleó una muestra de 199 trabajadores de diferentes sectores con una media de edad 33,53 años (DT = 12,78 años). La validez interna, convergente y de constructo fue analizada, también la fiabilidad y la invarianza en función del sexo. Los resultados indican que SWWS es una escala válida y fiable para medir la satisfacción cognitiva laboral además de ser breve, general y de una dimension. Los resultados indican que la SWLS puede adaptarse a contextos específicos como la escuela, la familia o la vida en pareja, algo que hasta ahora no ha sido realizado. The purpose of this research has been to adapt the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) to the work context, giving rise to the Satisfaction With Work Scale (SWWS). To do this, the items were adapted to the work context by modifying the original version of the SWLS as little as possible. A sample of 199 workers from different sectors with an average age of 37.53 years (SD = 12.78 years) was used. Internal, converge and construct validity were analysed, as well as reliability and sex invariance. The results indicate that the SWWS is a valid and reliable measure of cognitive job satisfaction that has the advantage of being brief, general and one-dimensional. Moreover, these results found, open the way to the adaptation of the SWLS to specific contexts such as school, family or couple life, which until now had not been done.
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Andino Sosa, Edgar Patricio, Neptalí Eráclito Plúa Chele, Silvana Karina Ortíz Armas, Iván Eduardo Moncayo Alarcón, Víctor Josué Díaz Salazar e Vanessa Alexandra Mesías Nogales. "Impactos de la pandemia de COVID-19 en el desarrollo de microempresas del sector comercial minorista: Caso Parroquia de Tumbaco". UDA AKADEM, n. 12 (12 ottobre 2023): 147–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.33324/udaakadem.vi12.673.
Abstract (sommario):
La pandemia de COVID-19 tuvo graves consecuencias en la salud y economía mundial. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue identificar los impactos del COVID-19 en el desarrollo de las microempresas del sector comercial minorista de la parroquia de Tumbaco en el período 2020-2021. La metodología utilizada fue de corte cualitativa, descriptiva y exploratoria. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron una fuerte incidencia negativa del COVID-19 en la población económicamente activa de Tumbaco y zonas aledañas, además, la afectación a la gran mayoría de microempresas del sector de comercio minorista con apenas un par de categorías económicas que pudieron sostenerse en la pandemia. El estudio recalcó la importancia de investigar los impactos reales en sectores económicos y geográficos específicos, con el fin de tener una perspectiva más concreta a nivel micro territorial y la necesidad de diseñar políticas públicas que respondan mejor a las crisis de esas poblaciones.
Palabras claves: Comercio minorista, COVID19, Ecuador, microempresas, Tumbaco
Abstract
he COVID-19 pandemic had profound consequences for global health and the economy. The objective of this research was to identifythe impacts of COVID-19 on the development of microenterprises in the retail sector of the Tumbaco parish in the period 2020-2021.The methodology used was qualitative, descriptive and exploratory. The results obtained showed a strong negative incidence of COVID-19 in the economically active population of Tumbaco and surrounding areas, in addition to the affectation of many micro-enterprises in the retail trade sector; with just a couple of economic categories that could be sustained in the pandemic. The study stressed the importance of investigating the real impacts in specific economic and geographic sectors, to have a more concrete perspective at the micro-territorial level and the need to design public policies that better respond to the crises of these populations.Keywords: COVID 19, Ecuador, Micro business, Retail commerce, Tumbaco
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Caro García, Carmen, e María Carmen Monreal Gimeno. "CREENCIAS DEL AMOR ROMÁNTICO Y VIOLENCIA DE GÉNERO". International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology. Revista INFAD de Psicología. 2, n. 1 (22 ottobre 2017): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2017.n1.v2.917.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract.BELIEFS OF ROMANTIC LOVE AND GENDER VIOLENCEAlthough we have an active public policy to achieve equality between the sexes, inequality persists and when we talk about ‘love’ imbalances and differences increase. Investigations today, explore elements of socialization connected to violence against women in the couple, and ‘love’ seems to be on the scene. A qualitative study, with the technique of groups of discussion, is proposed, whose objectives are: to know the ‘styles of love’ that the boys and the girls assume and to investigate the acceptance that they make of the beliefs about the ‘true love’, as well How to analyze the influence of gender training. A Gender Training that promotes and facilitates the process of developing ‘gender awareness’. The results show that the university students reflect the same beliefs as the rest of the youngsters, and it is observed that after the formation in gender appear greater changes in the beliefs and attitudes of the girls than of the boys. It is important to evaluate the formative actions in gender, since their results can open new paths of action in the teaching-learning processes, as well as helping the sectors involved in this complex social and health problem.Keywords: Gender training; higher education; romantic love; gender violence; prevention.Resumen.A pesar de que contamos con una política pública activa para conseguir la igualdad entre los sexos, la desigualdad persiste y cuando hablamos de ‘amor’ los desequilibrios y diferencias aumentan. Investigaciones en la actualidad, exploran elementos de la socialización conectados a la violencia contra las mujeres en la pareja, y el ‘amor’ parece encontrarse en escena. En esta comunicación se plantea un estudio cualitativo, con la técnica de grupos de discusión, y cuyos objetivos son: conocer los ‘estilos de amor’ que asumen los chicos y las chicas e indagar su aceptación de las creencias sobre el ‘amor verdadero’, así como analizar la influencia de la formación en género. Una Formación en Género que promueva y facilite el proceso de desarrollo de ‘conciencia de género’. Los resultados muestran que el alumnado universitario refleja las mismas creencias que el resto de jóvenes, y se observa que tras la formación en género aparecen mayores cambios en las creencias y actitudes de las chicas que de los chicos. Es importante evaluar las acciones formativas en género, ya que sus resultados pueden abrir nuevos caminos de acción en los procesos de enseñanzaaprendizaje, así como ayudar a los sectores implicados en este complejo problema social y de salud.Palabras claves: Formación en género; educación superior; amor romántico; violencia de género; prevención.
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Torres-Mazuera, Gabriela, Yannick Deniau, Susana Isabel Velázquez-Quesada e Jorge Adrián Flores Rangel. "Extraer lo (in)productivo de las tierras comunales en el siglo XXI: Acaparamiento de tierras y expansión capitalista en la Península de Yucatán / Extracting the (un) productive trait from communal lands in the 21st century: Point of departure for Yucatan Peninsula capitalist expansión". Revista Trace, n. 80 (30 luglio 2021): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.22134/trace.80.2021.794.
Abstract (sommario):
Desde mediados de los años noventa, la península de Yucatán, una región imaginada desde el centro del país como de frontera, ha experimentado transformaciones sustanciales relacionadas con el desarrollo urbano, turístico y agroindustrial sobre los ejidos que, en promedio, abarcan el 60 % del territorio regional. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar dicha reconfiguración territorial en términos del acaparamiento de tierras, proceso que supone la producción y extracción de valor, derivadas de los cambios de regímenes de propiedad (de la social a la privada) y usos de suelo (del forestal al agrícola o urbano, o del agrícola al urbano), y su apropiación por un conjunto de actores con información y gran poder que promueve activamente la expansión capitalista en la región. La originalidad de este trabajo reside en conjugar un análisis cartográfico, que revela las múltiples modalidades de inserción de tres sectores de capital (turístico-inmobiliario, agroindustrial y energético) sobre las diferentes formas de tenencia ejidal (tierras de uso común, parceladas y de asentamiento humano), y un análisis cualitativo apoyado en información etnográfica y documental, que permite comprender a detalle los procesos de privatización de las tierras desde la perspectiva de los actores involucrados. Abstract: Since the mid-1990s, the Yucatán Peninsula, a region usually imagined as a borderland, has undergone substantial transformations triggered by urban, tourist and agro-industrial development. Namely, over ejidos communal lands that encompass, on average, 60 % of the regional territory. The aim of this article is to analyze the regional territorial reconfiguration drawing from the land grabbing debate. To do so, we consider the production and extraction of value derived from changes in property regimes (from social property to private property) and land uses (from forest to agricultural or urban, or from agricultural to urban land use), essential for capitalist expansion in the region. The novelty of this work resides in combining a cartographic analysis that reveals the multiple modalities of insertion of three sectors of capital on the different forms of ejido land tenure (common use lands, parcels and human settlement parcels) together with a qualitative analysis supported by ethnographic and documentary research that shed light on the privatization processes from the perspective of involved actors. Keywords: land grabbing; agroindustry; clean energies; urbanization; Yucatan Peninsula.Résumé : Depuis 1990, la péninsule du Yucatán imaginée à ce jour comme une région frontalière, a subi des transformations importantes liées au développement urbain, touristique et agro-industriel sur les ejidos qui englobent en moyenne 60 % du territoire régional. L’objectif de cet article est d’analyser ladite reconfiguration territoriale définie en termes d’accaparement des terres en considérant l’extraction de valeur issue des changements de régimes de propriété (de la propriété sociale à la propriété privée) et des usages du sol (de la forêt à l’agriculture ou à l’urbain, ou de l’agriculture à l’urbain), indispensable à l’expansion capitaliste de la région. L’originalité de ce travail réside dans la conjugaison d’une analyse cartographique qui révèle les différentes modalités d’insertion des trois secteurs du capital sur les formes de tenure ejidal (terres à usage commun, parcelles et établissements humains) couplée à une analyse qualitative appuyée sur des donnes ethnographique et documentaire qui permet de comprendre en détail les processus de privatisation du point de vue des acteurs impliqués.Mots-clés : extractivismo agraire ; agro-industrie ; énergies renouvelables ; urbanisation ; Yucatan Péninsule.
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Dietz, Ferenc. "A mesterséges intelligencia az oktatásban: kihívások és lehetőségek". Scientia et Securitas 1, n. 1 (17 dicembre 2020): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/112.2020.00009.
Abstract (sommario):
Összefoglalás. A mesterséges intelligencia (továbbiakban: MI) fogalma az egyik napról a másikra robbant be a tudományos világból a nemzetközi és a hazai köztudatba. Az MI számos formában jelen van életünkben és az elkövetkező pár évtizeden belül pedig olyan megkerülhetetlen és hétköznapi technológiai megoldássá válik, mint ma az internet. Ezért érdemes megvizsgálni, hogy mit mondanak a kutatások az automatizáció hatásairól, mit gondolnak erről a munkáltatók, valamint a jövő munkavállalói. Létfontosságú, hogy megmutassuk az MI-ben rejlő társadalmi és piaci lehetőségeket, biztonsági veszélyeket, ezáltal növelve a magyar vállalkozók versenyképességét és a munkavállalók karrierlehetőségeit. Ennek egyik kezdőlépése a társadalom tudatosítása, valamint az MI oktatásban történő bevezetése, mely kiterjed a technológia iskolákban történő alkalmazásától, egészen használatának, fejlesztésének, biztonsági kockázatainak az oktatásáig. Summary. The concept of artificial intelligence (hereinafter: AI) has exploded overnight from the scientific world into international and domestic public consciousness. AI is present in many forms in our lives, and over the next few decades it is set to become as an essential and everyday tech solution as the Internet today. Therefore, it is worth examining what research says about the effects of automation and what employers and future employees think about it. It is therefore of critical importance to demonstrate the social and market potentials and dangers for safety of AI, thereby increasing the competitiveness of Hungarian entrepreneurs and the career opportunities of the employees. One of the first steps in this is to raise public awareness and introduce AI into education, ranging from the use of technology in schools to the education of its use, safety risk and development. Is it worth thinking about what the distant future can bring to humanity? There are various professional predictions as to when we will invent the “real” AI, the master algorithm that controls each process, when we will achieve the singularity, from which AI will be able to program itself beyond human intelligence. Never, according to pessimists, between 2040–2100, according to optimists. Moreover, in the meantime, genetic engineering or a brain amplified with nanorobots may precede machine intelligence. What is certain is that cooperation and coexistence will be the cornerstone, so technical, philosophical, social, ethical and legal responses must be developed as long as the decision is in the hands of the US and not the AI. However, all this is a complex task, as logical contradictions in national regulations and political opinions, for example, are very difficult to handle for a rational algorithm. (Lovászy 2019) Regulation is needed that does not hinder economic development, but strengthens transparency and security. The opportunities inherent in AI will be decisive for both Hungary’s competitiveness and the success of the individual in the coming decades. In my study, I pointed out that the conscious use and development of AI by education, the knowledge of security risks can be a breaking point for broad strata of our nation. So, I first examined the impact of the use of AI on the labor market, what new generations of workers think and want, and how it all affects the educator, the content and tools of education, the methodology, and what are the benefits and risks. Then I flashed a couple of possible visions in which, whether we achieve singularity in the near or distant future or not, AI will be a crucial part of our everyday lives. The pillars, technological and sectoral focuses, and transformative projects of the newly adopted Artificial Intelligence Strategy Foundation will crucially determine how much we will be able to exploit the opportunities of the decades ahead at the individual and state levels. In order to increase Hungary’s competitiveness, it calls for further research and wide-ranging professional consultations on the conditions (infrastructure, competencies, etc.) and modern methods for the successful integration of AI, the awareness of society and the education of different age groups.
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Bermúdez, Mónica De Martino. "Sobre las dimensiones de la paternidad en la adolescencia | On the dimensions of fatherhood in adolescence". Revista Em Pauta 16, n. 42 (16 gennaio 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/rep.2018.39410.
Abstract (sommario):
Resumen – El artículo es producto del proyecto Visibilizando la Paternidad Adolescente en sectores de Pobreza, financiada por la Comisión Sectorial de Investigación Científica (CSIC) de la Universidad de la República. Dicha investigación fue avalada y respaldada por organizaciones públicas y privadas tales como: Ministerio de Desarrollo Social (MIDES); Aldeas Infantiles S.O.S. y Vida y Educación. El texto dialoga en ese espacio fronterizo entre saberes académicos, saberes técnicos y el saber cotidiano de adolescentes entrevistados. Pretendemos poner en común los resultados de esta investigación, de carácter exploratorio, sobre los sentidos y experiencias de la paternidad en la adolescencia pobre y suburbana. Especialmente desde la ética sexual que rige la vida de los entrevistados, en términos de cómo entienden su virilidad y su vida de pareja. Para ello nos hemos guiado por la intención de elucidar el problema estudiado, en términos de pensar y saber lo que se hace y piensa científicamente.Palabras Claves: paternidad; adolescencia; pobreza; ética sexual. Resumo – O artigo é produto do projeto Visibilizando a paternidade na adolescência pobre, financiado pela Comissão Setorial de Pesquisas Científicas (CSIC) da Universidade da República. Esta pesquisa foi apoiada por organizações públicas e privadas, tais como: Ministério do Desenvolvimento Social (Mides); Aldeias Infantis S.O.S. e Vida e Educação. O texto, portanto, dialoga nesse espaço de fronteira entre o conhecimento acadêmico, o conhecimento técnico e o conhecimento diário dos adolescentes entrevistados. Pretendemos, assim, compartilhar os resultados desta pesquisa, de caráter exploratório, sobre os sentidos e experiências da paternidade na adolescência pobre suburbana, abordando especialmente a ética sexual que rege as vidas dos entrevistados, em termos de como eles entendem sua virilidade e a vida com seu parceira. Para isso, fomos guiados pela intenção de elucidar o problema estudado, em termos de pensar e saber o que é feito e pensado cientificamente.Palavras-Chave: paternidade; adolescência; pobreza; ética sexual. Abstract – This article is a product of the project Visibilizing Adolescent Fatherhood in Poverty Sectors, financed by the Sectoral Commission for Scientific Research (CSIC) of the Universidad de la República in Uruguay. This research was endorsed and supported by public and private organizations such as: Uruguay’s Ministry of Social Development (MIDES); Aldeas Infantiles S.O.S., and Vida y Educación. The article bridges the border space between academic knowledge, technical knowledge, and the daily knowledge of the teenagers interviewed. We intend to share the results of this exploratory research about the senses and experiences of fatherhood in poor and suburban adolescence, especially on the sexual ethic that governs the lives of the interviewees, in terms of how they understand their virility and their life as a couple. For this we have been guided by the intention to elucidate the problem studied, in terms of thinking and knowing what is done and think scientifically.Keywords: fatherhood; adolescence; poverty; sexual ethics.
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Musicantov, Evgeny, e Sa’ar Zehavi. "Sectorial Equidistribution of the Roots of x2 + 1 Modulo Primes". Quarterly Journal of Mathematics, 27 marzo 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qmath/haae011.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract The equation $x^2 + 1 = 0\mod p$ has solutions whenever p = 2 or $4n + 1$. A famous theorem of Fermat says that these primes are exactly the ones that can be described as a sum of two squares. The roots of the former equation are equidistributed is a beautiful theorem of Duke, Friedlander and Iwaniec. The angles associated to the representation of such prime as a sum of squares are equidistributed is a famous theorem of Hecke. We give a natural way to associate between roots and angles and prove that the joint equidistribution of the sequence of pairs of roots and angles is equidistributed as well. Our approach involves an automorphic interpretation, which reduces the problem to the study of certain Poincare series on an arithmetic quotient of $SL_2(\mathbb{R})$. Since our Poincare series have a nontrivial dependence on their Iwasawa θ-coordinate, they do not factor into functions on the upper half plane, as in the case studied by Duke et al. Spectral analysis on these higher dimensional varieties involves the nonspherical spectrum, making this paper the first complete study of a nonspherical equidistribution problem, with an arithmetic application. A couple of notable challenges we had to overcome were that of obtaining pointwise bounds for nonspherical Eisenstein series and utilizing a non-spherical analogue of the Selberg inversion formula, which we believe may have further implications beyond this work.
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Khan, Zarrar, Isaac Thompson, Chris R. Vernon, Neal T. Graham, Thomas B. Wild e Min Chen. "Global monthly sectoral water use for 2010–2100 at 0.5° resolution across alternative futures". Scientific Data 10, n. 1 (11 aprile 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02086-2.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractWater usage is closely linked with societal goals that are both local and global in scale, such as sustainable development and economic growth. It is therefore of value, particularly for long-term planning, to understand how future sectoral water usage could evolve on a global scale at fine resolution. Additionally, future water usage could be strongly shaped by global forces, such as socioeconomic and climate change, and the multi-sector dynamic interactions those forces create. We generate a novel global gridded monthly sectoral water withdrawal and consumption dataset at 0.5° resolution for 2010–2100 for a diverse range of 75 scenarios. The scenarios are harmonized with the five Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) and four Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) scenarios to support its usage in studies evaluating the implications of uncertain human and earth system change for future global and regional dynamics. To generate the data, we couple the Global Change Analysis Model (GCAM) with a land use spatial downscaling model (Demeter), a global hydrologic framework (Xanthos), and a water withdrawal downscaling model (Tethys).
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Chen, Xiangming. "A (Long) Tale of Two Leaders: Charting the Spatial and Sectoral Roles of the West and China in Shaping Past, Present and Future Economic Globalization(s)". New Global Studies, 30 settembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ngs-2022-0002.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Globalization has run into two intersected momentous shifts over the past decade. One is an accelerating retreat in the Western-led economic globalization. The other is the continued surge of China as a leader of alternative economic globalization, via the Belt and Road Initiative. These two powerful trends are complicated by COVID-19 and the Ukraine war with their disruptions of global geopolitics, plus a potential technological decoupling between China and the United States as great-power rivals. This unprecedented combination of challenges and crises occasions a fresh analysis of the roles of the West versus China in shaping economic globalization past and present. Against the state-centric approach to globalization, I develop a historically-informed framework to couple spatial and sectoral analyses of the trajectories of economic globalization shaped by the West and China. I first examine the cross-regional dimensions of economic globalization across Eurasia featuring China’s primary role in driving the China-Europe Freight Train. I then explore China’s exceptional strength in delivering overseas infrastructure projects, as embodied by the China-Laos Railway, relative to the West’s sectoral advantages bearing on economic globalization. Lastly, I summarily discuss the past and present roles of the West versus China in producing new divergence in future economic globalization.
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Stiglitz, Joseph E., e Ira Regmi. "The causes of and responses to today’s inflation". Industrial and Corporate Change, 7 marzo 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtad009.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Over the last couple years, the world has experienced the highest levels of inflation in more than four decades. This paper provides a framework for analyzing the causes and the appropriate responses. We show that it is not caused by an excess of aggregate demand, and in particular, not caused by any excess consumption arising from excessive pandemic spending, but by supply-side shocks, largely induced by the pandemic (e.g., chips), and also by the war in Ukraine, combined with sectoral demand shifts. We analyze the role played by market power and the lack of resilience. Increases in interest rates, beyond normalizing levels, will do little to address the underlying problems and may exacerbate them, impeding effective responses to supply shortages. The paper describes alternative fiscal and other measures that, while addressing current inflation, have further long-term welfare benefits.
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Katragkou, E., S. P. Sobolowski, C. Teichmann, F. Solmon, V. Pavlidis, D. Rechid, P. Hoffmann, J. Fernandez, G. Nikulin e D. Jacob. "Delivering an improved framework for the new generation of CMIP6-driven EURO-CORDEX regional climate simulations". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 5 marzo 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-23-0131.1.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract CORDEX (Coordinated Regional Downscaling EXperiment) is a coordinated international activity that has produced ensembles of regional climate simulations with domains that cover all land areas of the world. These ensembles are used by a wide range of practitioners that include the scientific community, policy makers, stakeholders from the public and private sector. They also provide the scientific basis for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change-Assessment Reports. As its next phase now launches, the CMIP6-CORDEX datasets are expected to populate community repositories over the next couple of years, with updated state-of-the-art regional climate data that will further support national and regional communities and inform their climate adaptation and mitigation strategies. The protocol presented here focuses on the European domain (EURO-CORDEX). It takes the international CORDEX protocol covering all fourteen global domains as its template. However, it expands on the international protocol in specific areas; Incorporates historical and projected aerosol trends into the regional models in a consistent way with CMIP6-Global Climate Models, to allow for a better comparison of global vs. regional trends; Produces more climate variables to better support sectorial climate impact assessments; Takes into account the recent scientific developments addressed in the CORDEX Flagship Pilot Studies, enabling a better assessment of processes and phenomena relevant to regional climate (e.g. land use change, aerosol, convection, urban environment). Here, we summarize the scientific analysis which led to the new simulation protocol and highlight the improvements we expect in the new generation regional climate ensemble.
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Monachino, Michelle. "Healthcare Research for Disease Prevention". International Healthcare Review (online) 1, n. 1 (18 giugno 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.56226/ihr.v1i1.6.
Abstract (sommario):
The last couple of years have shown the world that there's really no individual health without public health, proving the fundamental importance of cross-sectoral health policies, a constant eye on disease prevention and a baseline preoccupation with tackling inequalities. Amongst the many important topics of research for developing and improving health systems there are seem most compelling in the current world.
Antimicrobial resistance has been identified as a global health threat since 2013, potentially leading to the ineffectiveness of current antibiotic treatments. The Covid-19 pandemic has slowed antimicrobial drug research and development, while exacerbating the overuse and misuse of antibiotics, one of the leading causes of antimicrobial resistance. The World Health Organization has stressed an accent on the need to further understand the genetics and environmental dimension of antimicrobial resistant bacteria, especially gram-negative carbapenem resistant bacteria. According to Larsson et al (2018), research is urgently needed on the role of the environment, especially man-made environment, in the evolution of resistance. This topic only strengthens the long-requested need for assessing, monitoring and acting upon the environmental (natural and man-made) dimensions of societal health and wellbeing, a call for action that still remains largely unanswered in health promotion policies and the climate change debate.
Speaking of man-made environments and the need to consider health in all policies, an area where research is slowly starting to build up, but is still much needed, is that health impacts assessment for transportation and mobility policies and urban planning. In line with Lozzi (2021), although the link between mobility and health policies has been clarified and the benefits established, there is still a need for an evidence-base of research capturing the multi-level effects of urban planning and mobility on health.
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Chace Dwyer, Sara, Sanyukta Mathur, Karen Kirk, Chaibou Dadi e Leanne Dougherty. "“When you live in good health with your husband, then your children are in good health ….” A qualitative exploration of how households make healthcare decisions in Maradi and Zinder Regions, Niger". BMC Public Health 22, n. 1 (15 luglio 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13683-y.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Background Gender dynamics influence household-level decision-making about health behaviors and subsequent outcomes. Health and development programs in Niger are addressing gender norms through social and behavior change (SBC) approaches, yet not enough is known about how health care decisions are made and if gender-sensitive programs influence the decision-making process. Methods We qualitatively explored how households make decisions about family planning, child health, and nutrition in the Maradi and Zinder regions, Niger, within the context of a multi-sectoral integrated SBC program. We conducted 40 in-depth interviews with married women (n = 20) and men (n = 20) between 18 and 61 years of age. Results Male heads of household were central in health decisions, yet women were also involved and expressed the ability to discuss health issues with their husbands. Participants described three health decision-making pathways: (1st pathway) wife informs husband of health issue and husband solely decides on the solution; (2nd pathway) wife informs husband of health issue, proposes the solution, husband decides; and (3rd pathway) wife identifies the health issue and both spouses discuss and jointly identify a solution. Additionally, the role of spouses, family members, and others varied depending on the health topic: family planning was generally discussed between spouses, whereas couples sought advice from others to address common childhood illnesses. Many participants expressed feelings of shame when asked about child malnutrition. Participants said that they discussed health more frequently with their spouses’ following participation in health activities, and some men who participated in husbands’ schools (a group-based social and behavior change approach) reported that this activity influenced their approach to and involvement with household responsibilities. However, it is unclear if program activities influenced health care decision-making or women’s autonomy. Conclusions Women are involved to varying degrees in health decision-making. Program activities that focus on improving communication among spouses should be sustained to enhance women role in health decision-making. Male engagement strategies that emphasize spousal communication, provide health information, discuss household labor may enhance couple communication in Niger. Adapting the outreach strategies and messages by healthcare topic, such as couples counseling for family planning versus community-based nutrition messaging, are warranted.