Tesi sul tema "Cou – Tumeurs"
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Duclos, Thierry. "Hémangioendothéliosarcome de la tête et du cou du sujet âgé". Montpellier 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON11112.
Testo completoDolivet, Gilles. "Connaissance de la carcinogenèse des carcinomes de la tête et du cou : intérêt du transfert du gène de la protéine P53 dans les carcinomes épidermoi͏̈des de la tête et du cou par vecteurs synthétiques dérivés de la polyéthylénimine : études pré-cliniques in vitro et in vivo". Nancy 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NAN11317.
Testo completoThariat, Juliette. "Rôle pronostique et prédictif des biomarqueurs des voies de signalisation du REGF et des interactions stroma-tumeur dans les tumeurs de la tête et du cou". Nice, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NICE4035.
Testo completoEGFR inhibition shows synergy with radiation in head and neck carcinomas. Aim 1 was to test the benefit of adding gefitinib to postoperative irradiation with cisplatin in patients with poor histoclinical factors. Aim 2 was to identify predictive biomarkers (EGFR pathways + crosstalks, angiogenesis, tumor-stroma interactions, apoptosis, cell cycle, numan papilloma virus) of outcome to gefitinib. Aim 3 was to compare EGFR protein expression measurement methods (binding assay on membranes, Western blotting (WB) on membranes and total homogenates, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) on tissue microarrays. Distributions and ranges of EGFR expression were method-dependent. Moderate correlations occurred between EGFR expression by binding and WB or IHC. Phosphorylated EGFR levels correlated with total EGFR by WB or ligand binding, but not by IHC. Highest correlation occurred between EGFR and pEGFR levels by WB on membranes. PEGFR/EGFR by WB on membranes declined with increasing EGFR. The gefitinib – chemoradiation combination did not decrease standard treatment dose intensity, but did not benefit the overall population. Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) was a prognostic and predictive biomarker of outcomes to gefitinib. High expression of p21-protein kinase 1 (PAK1), involved in cell motility, by WB, CD31, a biomarker of angiogenesis, and IGF-1R, by IHC, was associated with worse outcomes. An interaction was observed between IGF-1R and Gefitinib, patients with high IGF-1R benefited from gefitinib while those with low IGF-1R fared worse. EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors may not afford clinical benefit in unselected populations of head and neck cancer patients. These points to the potential advantage of adaptive clinical design and personalizing treatment for gefitinib based on IGF-1R expression. Confirmatory retrospective studies will be necessary in independent population treated with EGFR Inhibitors
Lavieille, Jean-Pierre. "Implications du gène p53 dans la carcinogénèse et la progression des tumeurs épithéliales de la tête et du cou : intérêt clinique pronostique". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE19016.
Testo completoJouannaud, Christelle Conroy Philippe. "Toxicité cardio-vasculaire de la chimiothérapie atteints de carcinomes de la tête et du cou". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2002_JOUANNAUD_CHRISTELLE.pdf.
Testo completoLaccourreye, Laurent. "Contribution à l'étude des tumeurs de la tête et du cou : analyse critique de certaines voies d'abord chirurgicales des espaces rétro et latéro-pharyngés et des facteurs pronostiques des lymphomes malins non-hodgkiniens de la tête et du cou". Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00474258.
Testo completoChamorey, Emmanuel. "Méthodologie des essais de phase précoce en cancérologie : évolution des schémas et apport de la pharmacologie". Aix-Marseille 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX20666.
Testo completoIn cancer research, the objectives of phase 1 studies are the estimation of the toxicity to define the Maximal Tolerated Dose and the Recommended Dose as well as the study of the pharmacology of the tested molecule. The evolution of anticancer treatments, the pharmacology and the progress of the biostatistics modified the methodological approach of these studies. We can include these studies under the generic name of early-phase clinical trial represented by: - phase 1 studies, - phase 0 studies, to study very prematurely molecules, - phase 1/2 studies which bring to light the dose maximizing the efficacy under restrictive toxicity conditions. The objective of our work is in a first part, to review the methodological evolution and the contribution of the pharmacology in the early-phase clinical trial in cancer research. We show that the methodology of the early-phase clinical trial evolved with the therapeutic innovations. We present the various traditional designs still very used nowadays. The evolution of these designs by the use of adapted statistical models, by the better use of the pharmacology or to answer the specific methodological requirements of the targeted therapies. We also describe the recent approaches as the phase 0 trial or the hybrid phase 1/2 trial. To finish by designs of molecules combination, the complexity of which is far from being resolved. The second part of this work illustrates these theoretical considerations by a series of studies of early-phase clinical trial published previously by our team or in the course of development. Six studies are presented. They seem to be representative of a part of design exposed in the theoretical part
Lallemant, Benjamin. "Etude de modifications transcriptionnelles dans les carcinomes des voies aéro-digestives supérieures". Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON1T033.
Testo completoHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) prognosis is globally poor. The development of new tools for the management of this disease is urgent. Gene expression profiling is a promising biologiCai approach that has been extensively used in cancer research. Examples include elucidating the biological mechanisms involved in tumorigenesis and metastatic progression, identifying potential biological targets for the development of new drugs, identifying biological pathways involved in tumour resistance to chemotherapy or radiotherapy and improving tumour staging and patient outcome prediction. With gene expression profiling, it is possible to observe and quantify gene expression deregulation in tumour cells or their surrounding environment. Two technologies are currently used: DNA microarrays and RT-qPCR. Based on a comprehensive review of the literature and original researches this work presents an updated state of the art of the potential clinical applications of gene expression profiling in the field of HNSCC. In the study "Clinical relevance of nine transcriptiory!al molecular markers for the diagnosis of head and neck squamouscell carcinoma in tissue and saliva rinse" we found that ILIRN, MAL and 11MPI are prospective tumor diagnostic markers for HNSCC. :M1vfPl overexpression is the most promising marker, and its detection could help identify tumor cells in tissue or saliva. In the study "Reference gene selection for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma gene expression studies" we found that in HNSCC and/or normal mucosa, the four best normalizat!on genes were ALAS, GAPDH, RPS18 and SHAD and the most stable combination of two genes was GAPDH-SHAD. We recommend using KALPHA-TBP for the study of Tl-T2 tumors, RPL27 -SHAD for T3-T4 tumors, KALPHA-SHAD for NO tumors, and ALAS-TBP for N+ tumors
Vanbergue, Clément. "Immunothérapie des cancers des voies aérodigestives supérieures par vaccination in situ à l’aide d’adénovirus oncolytiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASL105.
Testo completoHead and neck cancers (HNC) affect 500 000 new patients each year worldwide, with a 5-year survival rate around 50%. Their etiology is due to alcohol and/or tobacco consumption or infections by human papillomavirus serotypes 16 and 18 (HPV). Treatments of these cancers remain inefficient, and new therapeutic approaches need to be developed. In this context, the effect of oncolytic adenoviruses (OAds) was characterized on murine cell lines of HPV- induced (mEERL95 and AT84) or chemically-induced (OSCC13 and MOC-1) HNC. The results indicate that OAds are able to infect and kill murine tumor cells in vitro and to replicate within them. Additionally, our results revealed that cells infected with OAds released ATP, a marker of immunogenic cell death. Co-culture experiments between infected tumor cells and dendritic cells showed the activation of dendritic cells, with an increase in the expression of activation surface markers CD40 and CD86. Intratumoral injections of OAds in the syngeneic model of the mEERL95 cell line showed a significant slowdown in tumor growth and, in some cases, tumor eradication. Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry analyses revealed an increase in CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in tumors injected with OAds. Finally, restimulation tests of splenocytes or cells from the draining lymph node revealed the presence of a CD8+ immune response directed against adenoviral antigens and, to a lesser extent, against the oncogenic protein E7 of HPV
Commowick, Olivier. "Création et utilisation d'atlas anatomiques numériques pour la radiothérapie". Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00133432.
Testo completoNous utilisons pour cela un atlas anatomique, constitué d'une représentation de l'anatomie associée à une image de celle-ci. Le recalage de cet atlas permet de contourer automatiquement les organes du patient et ainsi obtenir un gain de temps considérable. Les contributions présentées se concentrent sur trois axes.
Tout d'abord, nous souhaitons obtenir une méthode de recalage la plus indépendante possible du réglage de ses paramètres. Celui-ci, effectué par le médecin, se doit d'être minimal, tout en garantissant un résultat robuste. Nous proposons donc des méthodes de recalage permettant un meilleur contrôle de la transformation obtenue, en passant par des techniques de rejet d'appariements aberrants ou en utilisant des transformations localement affines.
Le second axe est consacré à la prise en compte de structures dues à la tumeur. En effet, la présence de ces structures, absentes de l'atlas, perturbe le recalage de celui-ci. Nous proposons donc également des méthodes afin de contourer ces structures et de les prendre en compte dans le recalage.
Enfin, nous présentons la construction d'un atlas ORL et son évaluation sur une base de patients. Nous montrons ici la faisabilité de l'utilisation d'un atlas de cette région, ainsi qu'une méthode simple afin d'évaluer les méthodes de recalage utilisées pour construire un atlas.
L'ensemble de ces travaux a été implémenté dans le logiciel Imago de DOSIsoft, ceci ayant permis d'effectuer une validation en conditions cliniques.
Bertrand, Gérald. "Caractérisation et ciblage thérapeutique d'une sous-population de cellules souches cancéreuses dans un modèle cellulaire de carcinome épidermoïde de la tête et du cou résistant à l'irradiation par photon et ions carbone". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10118/document.
Testo completoHead and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) have a poor prognosis, due to their resistance to standard treatments. In most cases, locoregional recurrence or metastases occur. This study has focused on the role of cancer stem cells (CSC) in the radioresistance of the SQ20B HNSCC cell line and their therapeutic targeting in association with photon or carbon ions irradiation. A subpopulation of SQ20B-CSC has been isolated by cell sorting based on 3 specific characteristics of HNSCC-CSC : Hoechst 33342 exclusion, CD44 expression and high aldehyde dehydrogenase activity (ALDH). SQ20B/SP/CD44high/ALDHhigh cells show the CSC characteristics (in vitro and in vivo tumorigenesis, high radioresistance). The response of CSC to both types of irradiation was compared to the non-“stem cells” SQ20B/SP/CD44low sub-population. The observed radioresistance involves a decrease in apoptotic cell death, an increase in proliferative capacities and an overexpression of the Bmi1 self-renewing signaling pathway. The radiosensitizing effects of 3 molecules targeting the CSC has been demonstrated : an induction of apoptotic cell death by the inhibition of the G2/M phase arrest after a treatment with UCN01 ; an inhibition of proliferative capacities using the all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) which induce their differentiation ; and an inhibition of Bmi1 by artesunate. These treatments, alone or in combination (UCN01+ATRA) have a synergistic effect with photon or carbon ion irradiation to overcome CSC radioresistance. Preclinical and clinical studies should confirm the benefit of targeting CSC and improve the control of tumor escape in patients with radioresistant HNSCC cancers
Kapetanakis, Nikiforos Ioannis. "Circulating MicroRNAs Associated to Solid Tumors : Study of their Potential as Biomarkers for Evaluation of Prognosis and Treatment Response". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS245/document.
Testo completoThis doctorate thesis provides an insight into the biology and dynamics of circulating microRNAs, demonstrating their potential to become crucial biomarkers for a better surveillance and prognosis of cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, single-stranded non-coding RNAs, 19-25 nt long, with a key role in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, repressing the translation of target mRNAs through partial base-pair complementarity with their 3’-UTR. They can be released in the extracellular medium, being protected from RNases by association with various transporters and reach body fluids and circulation, participating in intercellular communication. Their remarkable stability and manageable diversity in circulation, as well as the fact that they derive from both malignant and normal cells make them very attractive biomarker candidates, potentially reflecting tumor state and dynamics. We have been focusing on ovarian (OvCa) and nasopharyngeal (NPC) carcinomas, attempting to elucidate the relation between plasma miRNAs and the prognosis of OvCa after first-line treatment, as well as to evaluate their use in the detection of early response of NPC tumors to treatment. Serous epithelial ovarian carcinoma is the most frequent ovarian and the most aggressive gynecologic malignancy. The absence of early symptoms and the insufficiency of modern means to accurately map residual disease and assess treatment outcome highlight the need for new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Using sequential plasma samples from OvCa patients before and after first-line treatment, we studied a pre-selection of miRNAs, comparing them to samples from benign pelvic lesions and healthy women. MiR-200b exhibited a distinct higher concentration in malignant samples before treatment compared to both non-cancerous groups. Pre- and post-treatment assessment of miR-200b in parallel with the standard biomarker CA125 revealed distinct variations and a significant correlation of miR-200b variation with the progression-free survival (PFS) of the patient. We suggest that miR-200b could eventually be used as a supplementary biomarker for estimation of the remission upon treatment completion. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) on the other hand is a tumor consistently associated to latent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection of the malignant cells, presenting a unique geographical incidence pattern. The deep position of the tumor makes it tough to access surgically, with biomarkers assessing different therapeutic approaches being greatly needed. Studying a new oral form of the demethylating agent 5-azacytidine, proven to be promising for one third of NPC patients receiving it as a monodrug, we attempted to identify impact of the drug on the expression of viral miRNAs and proteins. Despite the latent viral infection, viral miRNAs are abundantly expressed, attracting interest in EBV-associated malignancies. Treating four in vivo developed NPC tumor models for two weeks, we observed clear response in two of them, in a dose-dependent manner. Protein analysis showed an induction of the immediate-early lytic protein BZLF1, solidifying previous evidence of partial activation of the viral lytic cycle by 5-azacytidine. MiRNA analysis confirmed robust expression of BART and absence of BHRF1 miRNAs at baseline status of NPC. Upon treatment, we observed an induction of BHRF1 miRNAs in both tumor and plasma of treated mice. This induction was successfully validated in a following one-week treatment and completed by a recorder de novo expression of the BHRF1 mRNA, transcribed within the BHRF1 miRNA loci. A weaker induction of BHRF1 miRNAs was also recorded after treatment with standard chemotherapeutic agents, suggesting a potential clinical utility of these miRNAs as circulating biomarkers for detection of early response to treatment. We are further working to confirm this induction by chemotherapy and extend our study to plasma samples derived from treated patients
Bidault, François. "Optimisation des séquences IRM et positionnement en carcinologie cervico-faciale de la TEP-IRM". Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASL060.
Testo completoThe imaging workup for Head and Neck (ENT) cancers uses magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. PET-MRI combines these two modalities and makes it possible to consider multiparametric exploration of ENT cancers. The implementation of a PET-MRI imaging protocol raises instrumentation questions.OjectivesThe objectives were to: quantify and correct arterial flow-related enhancement on dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI ; measure the precision of the T1 relaxation times maps and measure the T1 relaxation time of ENT cancer ; calculate the lung nodules detection rate by the MRI zero echo time sequence (ZTE) and evaluate the accuracy of lung nodules size measurement ; compare radiomic features values for different magnetic field strength (3 Tesla versus 1.5 Tesla). The study of the arterial flow-related enhancement and its correction was carried out with a 3 Tesla imager and a flow apparatus, then in humans. The T1 mapping study was performed with a 3 Tesla imager and calibration phantoms, the T1 measurement of ENT cancer was performed in 10 patients. The study of the ZTE sequence was performed by two readers with a 3 Tesla imager in comparison with the computed tomography (CTscan, gold standard) in 12 patients. The study of texture indices was performed with 3 Tesla and 1.5 Tesla imagers and “homemade phantoms”, with an open access texture software and then in 10 healthy volunteers. The MRI saturation method of the carotid arterial flow effectively corrects the alteration of the signal of the arterial input function related to the flow-related enhancement. Its application makes it possible to consider performing MRI perfusion / permeability acquisitions that meet the recommendations of learned societies in terms of temporal resolution (less than 5 seconds) while being adapted to ENT anatomy and to the combination of parametric imaging. The value of the relaxation time T1 of squamous cell carcinoma of the VADS is calculated at 1314.5 ms (± 246.1). Performing T1 mapping requires calibration of clinical MRI sequences using a phantom and reference MRI sequences.The detection rate of pulmonary nodules by ZTE is 53% (CI95% [48-58]), and 85% (CI95% [78-92]) for nodules of size more than 9 mm. The correlation between the size of the nodules with the ZTE sequence and the size on the CTscan is excellent. Areas for improvement of the sequence may focus on increasing spatial resolution and optimizing control of respiratory movement.The values of the texture indices in MRI vary with the intensity of the magnetic field (3 Tesla versus 1.5 Tesla). These results contribute to the development of a protocol for acquiring PET-MRI images in ENT oncology. Two clinical studies are in progress using these results. These studies will make it possible to evaluate the performance of the PET-MRI and of the combination of parametric MRI and PET imaging in ENT cancer, with a high level of histological evidence
Egloff-Juras, Claire. "La chirurgie carcinologique guidée par la fluorescence proche infrarouge : optimisation du marquage tumoral". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0352.
Testo completoThe goal of tumor surgery is the complete removal of the primary tumor with sufficient safety margins. Obtaining negative margins is essential for complete healing and it also reduces the risk of developing metastases. Currently, tumor limits are established by visual inspection, palpation and extemporaneous histological evaluation. Nevertheless, this has the disadvantage of being time-consuming and sometimes inaccurate. Fluorescence-guided surgery seems to provide answers to this problem of tumor delimitation with the disadvantage of a lack of specificity for the tumor tissue of the most used marker (indocyanine green, ICG). Moreover, different camera systems exist to guide these surgeries and it seems important to explore their capabilities before introducing them in the clinic.The main objective of this project was to optimize tumor labeling in the context of near- infrared fluorescence guided surgery.For this purpose, we coupled ICG with aptamers (E8 and V8) in order to specifically target tumor cells. Two cell lines were studied: FaDu cells from pharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas and U87 cells from human glioblastomas. The FaDu cells were chosen as a positive model because they present the targets of the E8 and V8 aptamers while the U87 cells were the negative model. These 2 cell types have the ability to associate in homogeneous cell clusters thus constituting a very interesting diffusion model. First results suggesting a specific labeling were obtained by microscopy and flow cytometry. In order to increase the amount of ICG bound to aptamers, ICG aggregates were formed and bound to aptamers.Furthermore, we propose a simple, reproducible and innovative model reproducing the microinvasion by tumor cells in the periphery of the primary tumor. It is a model made of spheroids included in a phantom reproducing the optical properties of tissues
Azemar, Nathan. "Μοdélisatiοn des tοxicités οptiques induites par radiοthérapie avec faisceaux de prοtοns". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. https://theses.hal.science/tel-04947852.
Testo completoProton therapy, with its ability to deliver high doses to tumors while sparing healthy tissues, is a preferred therapeutic option for treating tumors located near optical structures. However, radiation exposure can damage visual pathways, leading to severe visual deficits. This thesis aims to model the optical toxicities induced by proton therapy in patients treated for head and neck tumors. This work is based on the analysis of dosimetric and paraclinical data collected from 223 patients treated with proton therapy at the Centre François Baclesse and monitored at the University Hospital of Caen. A multicenter database was created, including dosimetry data as well as paraclinical examination results (visual field tests, optical coherence tomography, and visual evoked potentials). A relational model was developed to establish a link between visual field outcomes and the dose received by visual organs. This modeling highlighted challenges in associating visual field points with optical pathway structures, due to the small size of these structures, segmentation uncertainties, and patient movements. Consequently, a data reduction and uncertainty evaluation were performed. These analyses revealed the immediate effects of treatment on paraclinical examinations, as well as their progression over time. This work paves the way for the use of geometric and statistical models to predict visual complications, thus optimizing patient care
Cafaro, Alexandre. "AI-Driven Adaptive Radiation Treatment Delivery for Head & Neck Cancers". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASL103.
Testo completoHead and neck cancer (HNC) is one of the most challenging cancers to treat due to its complex anatomy and significant patient-specific changes during treatment. As the 6th most common cancer worldwide, HNC often has a poor prognosis due to late diagnosis and the lack of reliable predictive markers. Radiation therapy, typically combined with surgery, faces challenges such as inter-observer variability, complex treatment planning, and anatomical changes throughout the treatment process.Adaptive radiotherapy is essential to maintain precision as the patient's anatomy evolves during treatment. However, current low-invasive imaging methods before each treatment fraction, such as Cone Beam CT (CBCT) and biplanar X-rays, are limited in quality or provide only 2D images, making daily treatment adaptation challenging. This thesis introduces novel deep learning approaches to reconstruct accurate 3D CT images from biplanar X-rays, enabling adaptive radiotherapy that reduces radiation dose, shortens acquisition times, lowers costs, and improves treatment precision.Reconstructing 3D volumes from biplanar X-rays is inherently challenging due to the limited information provided by only two projections, leading to significant ambiguity in capturing internal structures. To address this, the thesis incorporates anatomical and deformation priors through deep learning, significantly improving reconstruction accuracy despite the very sparse measurements.The first method, X2Vision, is an unsupervised approach that uses generative models trained on head and neck CT scans to learn the distribution of head and neck anatomies. It optimizes latent vectors to generate 3D volumes that align with both biplanar X-rays and anatomical priors. By leveraging these priors and navigating the anatomical manifold, X2Vision dramatically reduces the ill-posed nature of the reconstruction problem, achieving accurate results even with just two projections.In radiotherapy, pre-treatment scans such as CT or MRI are typically available and are essential for improving reconstructions by accounting for anatomical changes over time. To make use of this data, we developed XSynthMorph, a method that integrates patient-specific features from pre-acquired planning CT scans. By combining anatomical and deformation priors, XSynthMorph adjusts for changes like weight loss, non-rigid deformations, or tumor regression. This approach enables more robust and personalized reconstructions, providing an unprecedented level of precision and detail in capturing 3D structures.We explored the clinical potential of X2Vision and XSynthMorph, with preliminary clinical evaluations demonstrating their effectiveness in patient positioning, structure retrieval, and dosimetry analysis, highlighting their promise for daily adaptive radiotherapy. To bring these methods closer to clinical reality, we developed an initial approach to integrate them into real-world biplanar X-ray systems used in radiotherapy.In conclusion, this thesis demonstrates the feasibility of adaptive radiotherapy using only biplanar X-rays. By combining generative models, deformation priors, and pre-acquired scans, we have shown that high-quality 3D reconstructions can be achieved with minimal radiation exposure. This work paves the way for daily adaptive radiotherapy, offering a low-invasive, cost-effective solution that enhances precision, reduces radiation exposure, and improves overall treatment efficiency
Bertrand, Anne-Claire Bertrand Alain. "Etude de l'intérêt du MorphoTEP au F-FDG dans la prise en charge initiale des cancers du col utérin". [S.l] : [s.n], 2005. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2005_BERTRAND_ANNE_CLAIRE.pdf.
Testo completoMolle, Rachel Kessler Michèle. "Risque de développer un cancer après une transplantation rénale étude rétrospective chez 504 patients transplantés au CHU de Nancy /". [S.l] : [s.n], 2004. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2004_MOLLE_RACHEL.pdf.
Testo completoFakhry, Nicolas. "Modélisation tridimensionnelle de l'os hyoïde : application à la définition de morphotypes en anthropologie biologique et application pratique à la pathologie cancéreuse". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM5001.
Testo completoObjectives: To perform an anatomical and anthropological study of the hyoid bone using modern 3D reconstruction tools and to discuss potential applications in clinical practice. Methods: The study was conducted on 88 intact hyoid bones taken from cadavers during forensic autopsies (group 1) and on 92 from CT-scan images of living adult subjects (group 2). Three-dimensional reconstructions were created from CT-scan images using Amira 5.3.3® software. An anatomical and anthropological study of hyoid bones was carried out using metric and morphologic analysis. A comparison was performed between groups 1 and 2 in order to evaluate the influence of muscle traction on hyoid bone shape. In a second step, this methodology was applied to 24 patients operated on for partial laryngectomy. Results: Characteristics of the hyoid bone were highly heterogeneous and were closely linked with the sex, height and weight of individuals. Length and width were significantly greater in men than in women (39.08 vs. 32.50 mm, p=0.033 and 42.29 vs. 38.61 mm, p=0.003) whereas the angle between the greater horns was larger in females (44.09 vs. 38.78 p=0.007). There was a significant positive correlation between the height (Pearson coefficient correlation r=0.533, p=0.01) and weight (r=0.497, p=0.01) of subjects and the length of the hyoid bone. Significant metric differences were shown between group 1 and group 2. In patients operated on for partial laryngectomy, hyoid bones could be classified into 3 types (A, B and C) according to their morphology. Conclusion: This very reproducible methodology is of importance because it may lead to clinical studies, particularly in head and neck cancer
Varoquaux, Arthur Damien. "Evaluation clinique et expérimentale des nouvelles modalités d'imagerie dans la prise en charge des néoplasies ORL notamment par la TEP/IRM". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM5058.
Testo completoMultiparametric imaging interest and clinical use is rising for head and neck carcinoma (HNC). Among these modalities, FDG in PET and DWI-MRI are the most studied. PET/MRI is a new modality that allows in a single examination of combined various biologic biomarkers.After an optimization process of PET/MRI, we applied our first experience concerning the aspects of DWI-MRI and PET-MRI after radiation therapy. Thereafter we studied the correlation of SUV and ADC in HNC. In this study SUV and ADC values were independent parameters in HNSCC. Measurements of these two biomarkers were reproducible with almost perfect observer agreements for both methods. Neither SUV nor ADC values were able to predict the histologic grade, although a trend towards higher SUV and lower ADC values was observed in poorly differentiated tumours. Secondly, we we studied detection and quantification of focal uptake in head and neck tumours: 18F-FDG PET/MRI versus PET/CT in 32 consecutive HNSCC who underwent 18F-FDG PET/MRI and PET/CT. Attenuation correction sequence for PET/MRI and CT for PET/CT were used to caculate SUV. In results, PET/MRI coregistration and image fusion was feasible in all patients. There was no statistically significant difference between PET/MRI and PET/CT regarding rating scores for image quality, fusion quality, lesion conspicuity or anatomic location, number of detected lesions and number of patients with and without malignant lesions. A high correlation was observed for SUV measured on PET/MRI and PET/CT. SUV measured on PET/MRI were significantly lower than on PET/CT for malignant tumours, metastatic neck nodes, benign lesions, bone marrow, and liver (p <0.05)
Rebucci, Magali. "Mécanismes de résistance au cetuximab et influence des associations de traitement dans des lignées cellulaires de cancers de voies aérodigestives supérieures". Phd thesis, Université du Droit et de la Santé - Lille II, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00576444.
Testo completoCollard, Olivier Conroy Philippe. "Chirurgie des métastases hépatiques dans les cancers colo-rectaux étude rétrospective de 84 patients opérés au Centre Alexis Vautrin et en chirurgie digestive générale, CHU de Nancy de 1985 à 2000 /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2002_COLLARD_OLIVIER.pdf.
Testo completoHaddad, Huda. "Imagerie polarimétrique pour le diagnostoc du cancer du col utérin : études ex-vivo". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EPXX0018.
Testo completoLopez, Malika. "Facteurs pronostiques de survie du cancer du col de l'utérus : à propos de 310 cas". Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR2M071.
Testo completoSamouelian, Vanessa. "Détection de l'envahissement ganglionnaire dans les cancers du col utérin". Lille 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LIL2S028.
Testo completoPanajol, Véronique. "Localisation rare d'un lymphome malin non hodgkinien primitif du col utérin : à propos d'une observation". Bordeaux 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR25124.
Testo completoAscensio, Manuel. "Place de la thérapie photodynamique en gynécologie : applications au traitement des micrométastases péritonéales ovariennes et des lésions malpighiennes intra-épithéliales cervicales : étude expérimentale et clinique". Lille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL2S017.
Testo completoZuber, Anne Georges Claire. "Mise en place d'une procédure de dépistage organisé du cancer du col utérin chez les femmes en situation de précarité enquête de faisabilité réalisée à la consultation Verlaine de l'hôpital Saint-Louis à Paris /". Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2009. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:80/theses/th0510947.pdf.
Testo completoBernadou, Nathalie. "Cancers invasifs du col utérin en Martinique : analyse de 360 cas traités dans le service de radiothérapie-oncologie de 1981 à 1991". Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR2M075.
Testo completoValentin, Fabienne. "Evaluation de la place de l'IRM dynamique dans la prise en charge des cancers du col utérin". Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR23100.
Testo completoPlissonnier, Marie-Laure. "Implication de TRAIL dans l'induction de l'apoptose par les thiazolidinediones, agents antidiabétiques, ligands de PPARy : étude dans deux modèles de carcinogenèse épithéliale : le cancer de vessie (non viro-induit) et le cancer du col de l'utérus (viro-induit)". Besançon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BESA0011.
Testo completoAs known, defects in cell death or in proliferation pathways confer a survival benefit to tumour cells and a resistance to anticancer treatment. Current studies in cancer therapy focused on new targets for eradication of tumour cells while sparing normal cells. In this study, we showed that the thiazolidinediones, rosiglitazone, troglitazone and ciglitazone, which are high-affinity ligands for the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma (PPARgamma), triggered a cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in two models of epithelial carcinogenesis such a bladder cancer and cervical cancer (HPV positive cells) through PPARy activation -independent mechanisms. We demonstrated that rosiglitazone induces a cell cycle arrest in GO/G1 or G2/M phase characterized by an overexpression of cell cycle regulatory proteins. Furthermore, ciglitazone and troglitazone induce apoptosis mediaded through activation of the extinsic pathway involving the death receptors DR4 and DR5. Notably, we showed that TZD up-regulate soluble and membrane-bound TRAIL and its receptors in concomitance with a down-regulation of c-FLIP and survivin expression level. Our results with ciglitazone were confirmed in vivo in a xenograpt model using bladder and cervical cancer cells. Morevover, we showed that ciglitazone decreased the expression of E6 at mRNA level in cervical cancer cells where the expression of E6 and E7 viral oncoproteins of HPV short-circuits apoptosis. More interestingly, we demonstrated that rosiglitazone and ciglitazone amplified TRAIL-induced apoptosis in TRAIL-sensitive cells or let TRAIL-refractory cells to respond to TRAIL. These data suggest that PPARy agonist, alone or combined with TRAIL can produce significant antitumour effect and may provide an exciting novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of bladder and cervical cancers
SCIRE, JEAN. "Diagnostic des tumeurs osseuses primitives : a propos de 102 cas dans le service de chirurgie orthopedique du chu de rangueil". Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU31353.
Testo completoButtiaux-Vendrely, Véronique. "Radiothérapie externe fractionnée des adénomes hypophysaires : indications, tolérance et résultats à long terme. Etude rétrospective d'une série de 181 patients traités au CHU de Bordeaux de 1981 à 1998". Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR23026.
Testo completoObin, Devriendt Christine. "Adénocarcinome micro-invasif du col utérin et grossesse". Lille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL2M427.
Testo completoHarlouchet, Michèle. "La conisation du col de l'utérus : série continue de 83 conisations dans le service de gynécologie-obstétrique de l'hôpital de Bayonne". Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR2M014.
Testo completoToussaint, Bruno. "Tumeurs urotheliales de vessie de stade pt1 : pronostic et traitement ; a propos de 260 observations au chu de besancon". Besançon, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BESA3018.
Testo completoBesson, Guillaume. "Prévention du cancer du col de l'uterus : intérêt du génotypage dans le suivi des infections à Papillomavirus humains et développement d'une nouvelle trousse de détection quantitative". Reims, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2007REIMM201.
Testo completoTartour, Eric. "Dosages intratumoraux d'arnm de cytokines par une technique de pcr quantitative dans les tumeurs invasives du col de l'uterus : influence de l'il-6 et de l'ifn sur le phenotype clinique de ces tumeurs". Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA077292.
Testo completoBoutet, Arnaud Méchinaud Françoise. "Cancérologie et neurofibromatose de type 1 à propos de sept enfants suivis dans le service d' onco-hématologie du CHU de Nantes /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://theses.univ-nantes.fr/thesemed/SPEboutet.pdf.
Testo completoLévy, Thierry. "Interet du traitement conservateur par irradiation interstitielle a l'iridium 192 dans le cancer de vessie : a propos de 43 cas au chu de besancon". Besançon, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BESA3037.
Testo completoPairoux, Raphaële. "Lymphadénectomie pelvienne per-cœlioscopique : intérêt dans le cancer du col utérin, étude de 35 patientes traitées à l'Institut Bergonié". Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR23085.
Testo completoESTABLET, HELENE. "La gh favorise-t-elle la recidive des tumeurs cerebrales chez l'enfant ? revue de la litterature ; experience du service de pediatrie du chu de nice". Nice, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NICE6568.
Testo completoTribondeau, Philippe. "Les pelvectomies dans les rechutes des cancers du col de l'utérus : analyse et expérience de la Fondation Bergonié". Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR23080.
Testo completoROZAN, SYLVIE. "La cytometrie de flux en pratique urologique courante dans le depistage, le diagnostic et le pronostic des tumeurs urotheliales vesicales : bilan d'une experience de 5 ans au chu de besancon". Besançon, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BESA3020.
Testo completoTouitou, Isabelle. "Régulation hormonale différentielle de la cathepsine D dans le sein, le col de l'utérus et l'endomètreEtude par transfection des gènes des récepteurs des oestrogènes et de la progestérone". Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20229.
Testo completoTeissier, Sébastien. "Importance de la voie E2F dans la régulation transcriptionnelle du papillomavirus de type 18 et dans la modification du transcriptome des cancers associés". Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA077168.
Testo completoIn the normal epithelium, keratinocytes stop to divide to differenciate. The E2F family members are transcription factors negatively regulated by pRb that play a crucial role in the cellular cell cycle. Differentiation of the keratinocytes implies a cell cycle arrest due to the replacement of the E2F activators by the E2F5/p130 repressor complex. These viruses infect the basal cell layers of the epithelium and their replication requires a cell proliferation that needs to bypass the programmed cell-cycle arrest. The high risk HPV are the causal agents of the cervical cancer and express two oncogenes E6 and E7 that degrade p53 and inactivate pRb respectively. I have shown a hijack of thé E2F5/p130 repressor complex into an activator of HPV-18 transcription through E7. The roles of E7 played on E2F5/p130 and on the activation of the E2F pathway by the modulation of pRb could explain the take over of the cell-cycle control by HPV-18 in cancer and in the viral cycle. In micro-arrays analyses of the cervical carcinoma HeLa cells transcriptome expressing E6 and E7 or not allowed us to find out a number of cellular genes controlled by E6 and E7 through the p53 and pRb pathways Among these genes, we identified many mitotic genes that are controlled by E2F and that are modulated in cervical cancer biopsies indicating that these genes could be used for diagnosis and prognosis of cervical cancer
Haguenoer, Ken. "Le projet Apache : détection de papillomavirus humains oncogènes par auto-prélèvement vaginal sec : une altlernative pour les femmes ne participant pas au dépistage du cancer du col de l'utérus ?" Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA077160.
Testo completoThe aim of this study was to assess, for cervical cancer screening, the accuracy of vaginal self-collection transported dry (vsc-DRY) or in liquid medium (vsc-LIQ) for the detection of cervical infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) and to assess the effectiveness of home-mailed kit for vaginal self-sampling in unscreened women. As a first step, 722 women attending a Pap smear underwent a vsc-DRY and a vsc-LIQ. The sensitivity and specificity of vsc-DRY (88. 7% and 92. 5%) and vsc-LIQ (87. 4% and 90. 9%) for detecting cervical HPV infections were high. The vsc-DRY is accurate for the detection of cervical HPV infections. This low-cost and easy-to-ship sampling method was selected for the second phase of our project. As a second step, 6000 women aged 30 to 65 years, unscreened for more than 3 years, living in Indre-et-Loire were randomized into 3 groups: no intervention, recall letter to have a Pap smear or home-mailed vaginal self-sampling kit. Nine months after randomization, participation was significantly higher in the "self-sampling" group (22. 5%) than in the "recall" group (11. 7%) and the "no intervention" group (9. 9%). The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios per extra screened woman was 77. 8€ for the "recall" group and 63. 2€ for the "self-sampling" group, relative to the "no intervention" group. Offering an in-home, return-mail kit for vaginal self-sampling with a dry swab is more effective and cost¬effective than a recall letter in increasing participation in cervical-cancer screening
Courtete, Jérôme. "Modulation de l'activité de cibles intracellulaires avec des anticorps ou des fragments d'anticorps : Application au cancer du col de l'utérus". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008STR13001.
Testo completoMore than 99 % of the cervical cancers are connected to an infection of the genital ways by high risk papillomavirus. Viral proteins E6 and E7 play a major role in the process of carcinogenesis. The inhibition of E6 constitutes a therapeutic stake. It should allow the restoration of the dormant way of the suppresseur of tumor p53 and the orientation of transformed cells towards the apoptose. In the laboratory, we have monoclonal antibodies capable of inhibiting in vitro the degradation of p53 mediated by E6. The objective of my work was to test if biomolecules derived of these antibodies could neutralize E6 in cervical carcinoma cell lines. So, we showed that it was possible to modulate the biological activity of intracellular protein targets by using antibodies or recombinant antibody fragments. This approach can represent an alternative way for the therapy of the cervical cancer
Marconnet, Louis Rigaud Jérôme. "Survie des tumeurs infiltrantes du pénis à risque d'envahissement ganglionnaire inguinal étude rétrospective sur 114 patients ayant eu un curage inguinal réalisé dans le service d'urologie du CHU de Nantes /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=55516.
Testo completoMuller, Mandy. "Comparative mapping of E2-host interactions unravels new roles of E2 in human papillomavirus-induced pathogenesis". Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077137.
Testo completoHPV are associated with latent infections, benign hyperplasia or even cancer. To better understand HPV pathogenesis, we comparatively mapped the interaction networks of the regulatory protein E2 from 12 HPV genotypes. By yeast two-hybrid, we identified E2's potential interactors. This was followed by a validation sep in mammalian cells by a method based on luciferase complementation. Clustering of interaction profiles showed a correlation with HPV phylogeny, demonstrating E2's contribution to the HPV-associated pathogenesis. Analysis of E2's interaction network revealed a preferential targeting of cellular hub proteins involved in 5 main functional families, reflecting E2's primary functions but also unraveling potential new roles of E2 in viral infection. The second part of this work was dedicated to the study of a specific interaction between E2 from HPV16, the most represented HPV in cervical cancer, and a cellular protein, CCHCR1. We showed that CCHCR1 interferes with the binding of BRD4 to E2, resulting in a decrease in E2-dependent transcription. CCHCR1 also induces a relocalization of E2 into the cytoplasm instead of the nucleus. Finally, our results indicate that in presence of CCHR1, E2 is a less potent activator of keratinocyte differentiation, which could potentially impact the HPV life cycle