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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Corruption – Economic models"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 13 febbraio 2022

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Corruption – Economic models"

Levin, M., e K. Matrosova. "Economic models of Environment monitoring under imperfect information and high Costs". Voprosy Ekonomiki, n. 4 (20 aprile 2014): 99–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2014-4-99-122.

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The paper considers monitoring of environmental change as the central element of environmental regulation. Monitoring, as each kind of principalagent relations, easily gives rise to corruptive behavior. In the paper we analyze economic models of environmental monitoring with high costs, incomplete information and corruption. These models should be the elements of environmental economics and are needed to create an effective system of nature protection measures.

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Anderson, Beverlee B. "Corrupting activities and economic development". World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development 11, n. 1 (9 marzo 2015): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wjemsd-07-2014-0020.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationships of different types of corruption and selected economic measures that appear to contribute to a country’s sustainable economic development. Design/methodology/approach – The research used selected data from the World Economic Forum Executive Opinion Survey on corruption activities (Irregular Payments and Bribes, the Diversion of Public Funds, Organised Crime, and Favouritism in Decisions of Government Officials) and Ethical Behaviour of Firms. The economic data (FDI, GDP, GDP Growth and Capital Formation among others) is from the World Bank database. A series of statistical models were developed to examine the relationships among different types of corruption and a country’s economic development. Findings – The findings are mixed, showing that some types of corruption have greater negative impact on specific aspects of economic development. Research limitations/implications – The research is limited by the availability of data from reliable sources and the availability of data on a limited number of corruption activities. Only four aspects of corruption are examined in this paper. Only selected aspects of a country’s economy were examined. The variables analysed in the study were not available for each of the 179 countries. Practical implications – A country may learn the types of corrupting activities that must be controlled to aid in the targeted growth of specific economic development, such as Direct Foreign Investment. Originality/value – This study builds on previous work by Anderson (2012, 2013) that used Transparency International’s Corruption Perception Index (CPI) as a global measure of corruption. This study, in contrast, uses the results of the World Economic Forum Executive Opinion Survey, to indicate the perceived level of different types (components) of corruption. By using more specific measure of corruption, there is a better understanding of the relationships between corruption and economic development.

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Molokanov, Viktor, Elena Malysheva, Ekaterina Chumakova, Vadim Yakovenko e Andrey Zelensky. "The economic approach to designing anticorruption institutions". SHS Web of Conferences 109 (2021): 01025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202110901025.

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Contemporary economic analysis of corrupt behaviour requires practical consideration of the issues concerning projecting of social anti-corruption institutions. The economic science has accumulated sufficient practical experience of institutional construction in society, for instance approaches provided by K. Sunstein’s and E. Ostrom. The requirement of reasonability in managing economic interactions makes the society refuse from the dichotomy of market (anarchical, spontaneous) and non-market (hierarchical) institutions. The same tendency can be observed in arranging anti-corruption struggle in state management. Both approaches - aimed at creating fixed vertical hierarchy as well as at creating competition at the lowest bureaucratic level - are inappropriate. That is why anticorruption institutions arranging should be based on economic models of rational criminal and citizens involvement in law enforcement activity. These models enable to harmonize state dirigisme related to the state management ex ante with basic provision of laissez-faire doctrine – personal motives of people’s behaviour. Standard economic supply and demand model has shown inelasticity of corruption crimes supply in Russia. Non-price determinants (cultural norms, “tabu”) seem to be more significant in motivating corruption behaviour than price determinants (seriousness and probability of punishment). Economic characteristics of elasticity and inelasticity of supply and demand in the model of involvement into law enforcement activity enable to create strategy of developing social anti-corruption institutions.

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Kostadinova, Tatiana, e Zoltán Kmetty. "Corruption and Political Participation in Hungary: Testing Models of Civic Engagement". East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 33, n. 3 (15 novembre 2018): 555–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325418800556.

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Extant literature concludes that corruption may have a devastating effect on economic growth and institutional trust in transitional democracies, but scholars remain divided on how malfeasance influences political behavior. In this article, we explore the likelihood of a mobilization effect of corruption in a post-communist setting. We argue that the indicators used in previous scholarship on corruption vary in important ways and may affect citizen incentives for participation differently. In particular, we hypothesize and then assess whether actual experience with bribery, perceptions of widespread corruption, and concerns about increase of corruption in the future encourage individuals to engage in different sets of activities. Original data from a 2014 post-election survey in Hungary are used for empirical tests of several regression models. Our findings suggest that the type of corruption assessment is important for the specific political activity in which a citizen would engage.

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Arapović, Adisa, Craig A. Depken e Mirsad Hadžikadić. "Corruption in Transition Economies: Cause or Effect?" Zagreb International Review of Economics and Business 20, n. 1 (24 maggio 2017): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zireb-2017-0011.

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Abstract This paper investigates the empirical relationship between corruption, economic growth, and government spending in fourteen transitioning economies from 1995-2013. We find strong evidence of bilateral Granger causation between economic growth and corruption for the full sample but weaker evidence of such a relationship for four former Yugoslav republics. We also find bilateral Granger causality between government spending and corruption but a weaker unidirectional Granger causality from government spending to corruption in four former Yugoslav republics. Our results recommend caution when assuming that corruption is purely exogenous in empirical models.

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Ugol’nitskii, G. A., e A. B. Usov. "Dynamic Models for Coordinating Private and Public Interests in Economic Corruption". Journal of Computer and Systems Sciences International 59, n. 1 (gennaio 2020): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1064230720010128.

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Antipin, I. В., e Y. I. Volodina. "Research of the possibility of reducing corruption in Russia based on mathematical multi–factor models". System Analysis in Science and Education, n. 4 (2020) (30 dicembre 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.37005/2071-9612-2020-4-1-9.

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This article emphasizes the modern trends in the formation of corruption in state and municipal management in Russia. The main features of the introduction of new anti-corruption tools are given. The main approaches to implementing management decisions are presented. In modern conditions, the need to transition the economy to the digital reality of the XXI century becomes urgent, which will certainly contribute to the eradication of corruption at various levels. For the effective socio-economic progress, anti-corruption is the most important strategic task. Based on the analysis, forecast indicators of corruptionwere obtained, on the basis of which recommendations were identified that minimize the degree of corruption in our country.

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Mandal, Ram Briksh. "Impact of Corruption on Economic Growth in Nepal (2004-2017)". Economic Journal of Nepal 40, n. 1-4 (31 dicembre 2017): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ejon.v40i1-4.35949.

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This study aims to examine the impact of corruption on economic growth in Nepal for the period 2004 - 2017. The result of the regression analysis shows that there is a negative relationship between the dependent variable (GDP) and corruption level in Nepal. This means that as the level of corruption activities increases, economic growth decreases significantly. Based on the findings, the study therefore recommend as follows: The activities of the anticorruption agencies in Nepal such as The Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority (CIAA) should be strengthened; the public should be educated about the problems that corrupt practices create for the economy and the society at large, and be discouraged from participating incorrupt practices. Nepal should put in leadership positions honest individuals who would serve as role models to minimize the negative consequences of corruption with its negative impact on the development and growth of Nepal; corruption is easily growing in Nepal because government involvement in economic decision making is high.

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Pluskota, Anna. "The Impact of Corruption on Economic Growth and Innovation in an Economy in Developed European Countries". Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia 54, n. 2 (29 giugno 2020): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/h.2020.54.2.77-87.

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<p>Theoretical background: The article explores the relationship between corruption and innovation in an economy and between corruption and economic growth. The multi-faceted and complex nature of corruption means that the impact of corruption on innovation and economic growth is unidirectional. There are arguments in the literature for both positive and negative effects of corruption on macroeconomic fiures. Most empirical research confirms the linear negative impact of corruption on economic growth. These results are the opposite of theoretical arguments that there may be both positive and negative consequences of corruption. Purpose of the article: The research aim is to analyse the theoretical aspects of the impact of corruption on selected macroeconomic variables. This goal was achieved by analysing the most signifiant arguments describing the relationships between chosen variables. Based on the literature analysis, research hypotheses were developed, and they were verifid in an empirical study. The results were analysed in the discussion section. Research methods: The study is based on a set of data on economically developed countries in Europe from 1996 to 2017. The empirical study was conducted using basic statistical measures – descriptive statistics and correlation coefficient, whereas econometric models were based on the GMM system (Generalized Method of Moments). Main findings: The results of this research show that the relationships between corruption and the measure of innovation, and corruption and economic growth are not linear. They take the form of a parabola. This means that the influence of corruption on innovation and economic growth is not the same for all levels of the corruption indicator. The relationship between corruption and economic growth is specific enough to show that a low level of corruption is economically justified from the point of view of empirical research. This is possible because corruption solves other economic problems, such as bureaucracy, which limits development. Corruption will support economic growth if the state does not work properly.</p>

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Azam, Muhammad, e Chandra Emirullah. "The role of governance in economic development". International Journal of Social Economics 41, n. 12 (25 novembre 2014): 1265–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-11-2013-0262.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of corruption as an important element of weak governance, with control variables such as inflation rate, openness to trade and dependency ratio on gross domestic product (GDP) per capita income of nine selected countries in Asia and the Pacific. Design/methodology/approach – This study is based on an annual panel data covering the period from 1985 to 2012, and a simple multiple regression for empirical investigation is used. Both fixed effects and random effects models were used as analytical techniques. Findings – The study reveals that both corruption and inflation rate are negatively related to GDP per capita and are statistically significant. As to the impacts of the control variables i.e., dependency ratio is found to be negative and openness to trade to be statistically significant which shows a positive impact on GDP per capita. Practical implications – The results resoundingly confirmed the importance of good governance, therefore, reducing endemic corruption and controlling inflation needs to be among the foremost factors for consideration for policymakers in adopting and implementing macroeconomic and public policies. In order to be most effective in tackling corruption, it is important to get to the root of the problem. In light of the study findings, it is suggested that corruption need to be put under control and economies be made more open to attain more benefits and accelerate economic growth and development. Originality/value – Explicitly, this study provides some valuable evidence on the linkage between endemic corruption and economic growth in some Asia and the Pacific countries in particular and on developing world in general. Presumably, this is the first inclusive investigation on the subject under the study in the context of Asia and the Pacific countries and will emphatically contribute to the literature as well.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Corruption – Economic models"

Ali, Nasrul. "Corruption and its impact on economic growth : is East Asia special?" University of Western Australia. Economics Discipline Group, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0099.

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[Truncated abstract] The 1997 Asian Financial Crisis raised serious questions about the nature of East Asia's rise to economic prosperity, once labelled as a 'miracle' by the World Bank. In particular, East Asian governments were criticised for allowing rampant corruption to pervade their economies. At a conceptual level, the overwhelming majority of studies argue that corruption, defined as the misuse of public office for private gain, has impeded growth. Empirically, many studies have shown the detrimental impact of corruption on economic growth but few have analysed the particular effect of corruption on East Asia's economic growth in the years leading up to the 1997 Crisis, a period characterised by superior economic growth rates against the backdrop of corruption. This study seeks to fill that gap. By virtue of its clandestine nature, any study on corruption is subject to measurement limitations and this study is no exception. The only available data on corruption are indices published by a handful of various international organisations. Each of these indices follows a similar format: they are based partly or wholly on surveys of the corporate sector in each of the sample countries, the results of which are converted into corruption scores and used to rank the sample countries. Although there is a general consistency in rankings across the different indices, the survey questions tend to equate corruption with bribery. In one survey which questioned respondents about corruption and bribery in separate questions, the results indicated that the two are not necessarily synonymous at least in the minds of respondents. A brief analysis of the nature of corruption within East Asia reveals why the tendency to equate corruption with bribery can be misleading, and therefore raises doubts about the credibility of the aforementioned corruption indices. Many countries in East Asia are shown to harbour a network of patron-client relationships within a centralised framework. ... When using the available corruption indices as measures of corruption in a corruption-growth model that is applied to cross-sectional data covering 141 countries in 1996, corruption is found to have a significant positive relationship with economic growth for two of the corruption indices. However, no particular significant relationship is found to exist for East Asian countries within the sample. The corruption indices are then combined to produce a single index of corruption which is then used in a corruption-growth model and applied to panel data covering 33 countries over a twenty year period from 1984 to 2003. This time the corruption variable is found to have a significant positive relationship with economic growth for East Asian countries (excluding Singapore) during 1986-1996. Finally, the concept of rent-seeking is examined as an alternative to the typical principal-agent model of corruption used in the literature, based on its strong resonance with the particular nature of corruption in East Asia. A measure of rent-seeking is developed, and using cross-sectional data for 57 countries in 1996 reveals that rent-seeking has a significant positive relationship with economic growth.

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Menezes, Gabrielito Rauter. "Ensaios sobre economia do empreendorismo". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/132965.

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Esta tese é composta por três ensaios sobre Economia do Empreendedorismo. O primeiro deles trata sobre os determinantes do empreendedorismo no Brasil a partir de modelos de escolha ocupacional, usando os microdados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra por Domicílios (PNAD) do ano de 2012. A estratégia empírica adotada empregou os modelos de escolha discreta na estimação da escolha ocupacional. Os resultados demonstraram que existem efeitos significativos para as variáveis: anos de estudos iniciais, sexo, estado civil assim como pensionista e aposentado. Para completar a análise foram estimadas as equações de rendimento, as quais explicam a escolha pela ocupação empreendedora em função dos ganhos relativos ao trabalho assalariado. Já o segundo ensaio tem como objetivo apresentar uma evidência empírica para a relação existente entre empreendedorismo e corrupção nos estados brasileiros, utilizando uma abordagem teórica e empírica. Este artigo utiliza um indicador objetivo de corrupção governamental estadual baseado no Cadastro de Contas Irregulares do Tribunal de Contas da União (CADIRREG) como proxy para a corrupção regional e a abertura de novas empresas per capita como medida para a atividade empreendedora. Foram utilizados o método de dados de painel estático, dinâmico e o método GMMSYS, estes últimos empregados para corrigir possíveis problemas de endogeneidade. Os resultados encontrados mostraram-se coerentes com a hipótese teórica “grease in the wheels”, na qual a corrupção influencia positivamente a atividade empreendedora em países em desenvolvimento com elevada burocracia. Por fim, o terceiro ensaio avalia os impactos do empreendedorismo via inovação a partir do Global Trade Analysis Project – GTAP, um modelo de equilíbrio geral computável (EGC), destacando os impactos no crescimento econômicoe no bem-estar geral da economia. Os resultados mostraram-se coerentes com a literatura da Economia do Empreendedorismo, mostrando que aumento no empreendedorismo conduz a uma elevação no crescimento econômico e bem-estar.
This thesis consists of three essays on the Economics Entrepreneurship. The first deals with the determinants of entrepreneurship in Brazil from occupational choice models, using the data from the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) of 2012. The empirical strategy adopted has employed discrete choice models in the estimation of occupational choice. The results showed that there are significant effects on the variables: years of initial studies, gender, marital status as well as pensioners and retired. To complete the analysis were estimated earnings equations, which explains the choice by the entrepreneurial occupation in terms of earnings for paid employment. The second test aims to present empirical evidence for the relationship between entrepreneurship and corruption in the Brazilian states, using a theoretical and empirical approach. This article uses an objective indicator of state government corruption based on the Register of Irregular accounts of the Court of Audit (CADIRREG) as a proxy for regional corruption and the opening of new companies per capita as a measure for regional entrepreneurial activity. They used the method of static panel data, dynamic and GMM-SYS method to correct the endogeneity problem. The results proved to be consistent with the theoretical hypothesis "grease in the wheels" in which corruption positively influence the entrepreneurial activity in developing countries with high bureaucracy. Finally, the third test evaluates the impacts of entrepreneurship via innovation from the Global Trade Analysis Project - GTAP, a model of computable general equilibrium (CGE), highlighting the impacts on economic growth and overall well-being economy. The results were consistent with the literatureof Entrepreneurship Economics, showing that increased entrepreneurship leads to a rise in economic growth and well-being.

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Okumu, Ibrahim Mike. "Essays on governance, public finance, and economic development". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/5282.

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This thesis is composed of three distinct but related essays. The first essay studies the role of the size of the economy in mitigating the impact of public sector corruption on economic development. The analysis is based on a dynamic general equilibrium model in which growth occurs endogenously through the invention and manufacture of new intermediate goods that are used in the production of output. Potential innovators decide to enter the market considering the fraction of future profits that may be lost to corruption. We find that depending on the number of times bribes are demanded, the size of the economy may be an important factor in determining the effects of corruption on innovation and economic growth. The second essay presents an occupational choice model in which a household can choose either formal or informal entrepreneurship or at the subsistence livelihood. Credit market constraints and initial wealth conditions (bequest) determine an agent's occupational choice. Corruption arises when bureaucrats exchange investment permits for bribes. Corruption worsens credit market constraints. Equilibrium with corruption is characterised by an increase (decrease) in informal (formal) entrepreneurship and a decrease in formal entrepreneurship wealth. Since corruption-induced credit constrained households choose informal entrepreneurship as opposed to subsistence livelihood income in the formal sector, the informal economy is shown to mitigate the extent of income inequality. The third essay explains the role of bureaucratic corruption in undermining public service delivery, public finance, and economic development through incentivising tax evasion. The analysis is based on a dynamic general equilibrium model in which a taxable household observes the quality of public services and decides whether or not to fulfil his tax obligation. Bureaucratic corruption compromises the quality of public services such that a taxable household develops incentives to evade tax payment. We show that corruption-induced tax evasion increases the likelihood of a budget deficit, renders tax payable increase counter-productive, and aggravates the negative effect of bureaucratic corruption on economic development.

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Matlhare, Boitshoko. "An evaluation of the role of the Directorate on Corruption and Economic Crime (DCEC) Botswana". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_8172_1182746682.

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In this research report, I evaluate the role of the Directorate on Corruption and Economic Crime (DCEC) which was established by the Government of Botswana in 1994 to play a major role in the fight against corruption and economic crime in the country. I establish what led to the formation of the DCEC and assess whether the DCEC has met its aims and objectives. I also evaluate the legislation that gives the DCEC the powers to fight corruption and economic crime and ascertain if it is sufficient and effective.
I explore the challenges and constraints faced by the DCEC, and assess the effectiveness of the three-pronged strategy adopted by it in combating corruption and economic crime in Botswana. I critically evaluate the successes and failures of the DCEC and find whether the public expectations for the DCEC have been met.

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Keneck, Massil Joseph. "Qualité de la démocratie, corruption et constitution : essais en économie politique et des institutions". Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100015.

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Cette thèse est une contribution à l’analyse économique des institutions politiques et économiques dans les pays en développement. Elle s’inscrit dans la lignée des travaux de la Nouvelle Economie Institutionnelle et de la Nouvelle Economie Politique. Précisément, nous nous intéressons aux institutions telles que la constitution, la corruption et la démocratie. Cette thèse est structurée en cinq chapitres. Le chapitre 1 aborde la problématique des institutions dans sa globalité. Dans ce chapitre, nous définissons le terme institutions comme : « règle et contrainte », « instrument de gouvernance » et « équilibre de jeux ». Nous discutons ensuite des théories du changement institutionnel. Enfin, nous identifions les facteurs influençant la qualité des institutions. Dans le chapitre 2, nous revisitons la théorie de la modernisation. Nos différentes analyses empiriques nous conduisent à conclure que la théorie de la modernisation, telle que définie actuellement et selon laquelle l’éducation, le revenu, l’urbanisation et l’industrialisation influencent la démocratie, n’explique pas la dynamique négative de démocratie en Afrique. Dans le chapitre 3, nous démontrons que le manque d’expérience parlementaire à l’indépendance exerce un effet négatif sur la qualité de la démocratie en Afrique plusieurs années après les indépendances. Le chapitre 4 aborde la problématique du changement constitutionnel en Afrique. Il identifie les facteurs qui influencent la tentative et la réussite du changement de l’article constitutionnel sur la limitation du nombre de mandats présidentiels, et montre qu’ils sont d’ordre institutionnel, macroéconomique, culturel et socioculturel. Enfin, le chapitre 5 met en évidence le fait que les déterminants de la corruption varient selon le niveau de développement des pays et selon les zones géographiques
This thesis is a contribution to the economic analysis of political and economic institutions in developing countries. It is in line with the works of the new institutional economics and the new political economics. Precisely, we are interested in institutions such as constitution, corruption and democracy. This thesis is articulated around five chapters. The first chapter provides a global approach of the analysis of institutions. In this chapter, we define institutions as « rule and constraint », « governance tool » and « game equilibrium ». Then, we discuss the theories of institutional changes. Finally, we identify the key drivers of the institutional quality. In the second chapter, we revisit the modernization theory. The empirical analyses lead to the conclusion that the modernization theory according to which the democracy is mainly driven by the level of education, income, urbanization and the industrialization do not explain the negative dynamic of the democratic process in Africa. In chapter 3, we show that the lack of parliamentary experience at the independence has a negative persistent effect on the current state of democracy in Africa. Chapter 4 adresses the issue of constitutional changes in Africa. It shows that the factors which affect the attempt and the success of the change of the article limiting the number of presidential terms are of institutional, macroeconomic, cultural and sociocultural order. Finally, chapter 5 highlights the fact that the determinants of corruption vary according to the country’s level of development and according to the geographic area

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Lawal, Fadekemi. "Impact of Corruption on Economic Growth : A panel data study of selected African countries". Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Nationalekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-30218.

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African countries have over the last few decades, experienced a thorny path towards sustained economic growth. Quite a number of researchers have opined that a major factor responsible for their stunted growth path is the prevalence of corruption in the governments of many African countries. However, a group of scholars, called revisionists, have suggested that corruption actually acts as grease in the wheel that ensures the smooth running of an economy, by providing a mechanism to evade inefficient bureaucratic procedures and allow more equitable representation of minority members of the society. With the increasing exposure of African economies to the international community, there is a need to examine the obtainable evidence in relation to corruption and economic growth in African countries. This thesis, therefore, aims to establish the nature of the relationship between corruption and economic growth in the selected African countries. The growth rate of gross domestic product per capita is used to represent the variable, economic growth. The study employs the use of panel data fixed effects and random effect estimation techniques, across 18 countries, over the period of 1997 – 2016. The results show that corruption has a positive relationship with economic growth in the selected African countries. This is in line with the grease in the wheel argument for corruption proposed by revisionists. The results also indicate that corruption has a moderately significant impact on economic growth at 10% level of significance. The literature review suggests that corruption affects economic growth directly and indirectly through mechanisms such as investment (private and public), human capital, openness, and institutional mechanisms, among others.

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Pulok, Mohammad Habibullah. "The Impact of Corruption on Economic Development of Bangladesh : Evidence on the Basis of an Extended Solow Model". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-52804.

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The main objective of this thesis is to empirically investigate the impact of corruption on the economic development of Bangladesh using annual time series data for the period of 1984-2008. According to my knowledge this is the first attempt to apply a multivariate approach toexamine the relationship between GDP per capita and corruption for Bangladesh using time series data.I have tested the long run relationship between corruption and real GDP per capita for that time span using ARDL Bounds method for co-integration using International Country Risk Guide (ICRG) corruption index as a proxy to measure the level corruption in Bangladesh. The results of co-integration test confirms that there is a long run relation among corruption, GDP per capita and other determinants of GDP over this period. The long run estimates indicate that corruption has direct negative impact on per capita GDP i.e. economic development of Bangladesh. It shows that a 1% increase in the level of corruption during this period has resulted in about 10% reduction in per capita GDPof Bangladesh. It means that corruption is affecting the economic growth of Bangladesh adversely. In other words that Bangladesh could achieve faster economic development if it could curb widespread corruption.

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Beukes, Soraya. "Enquiry into what frustrates the efficacy of preferential public procurement as a policy tool for black economic empowerment". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_5297_1365584108.

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Black Economic Empowerment (BEE) has been a topic of discussion since the dawn of democracy in April 1994. Due to the entrenched inequalities of the past, economic empowerment is very important for the economic growth of the majority of South Africa&rsquo
s citizens. However, significant economic enrichment of black people has not been made, despite, economic success, legislation, state policies and programme interventions. This economic growth is to be realised through the use of preferential procurement as a policy tool for BEE. Whilst sufficient legislation has been enacted to regulate preferential procurement, to favour black people, much still seems to be lacking in the enforcement of the laws in public procurement. Central to the challenges of preferential procurement is the disharmony between the Framework legislation governing preferential procurement and BEE. This discord has seen two visions being followed for preferential procurement
the Procurement Act refers to the beneficiaries of BEE as historically disadvantaged individuals (HDI
s) and the goals for BEE are measured through specific goals which promotes narrow empowerment
the BBBEE Act on the other hand defines black people as the recipients of BEE and through the BEE Codes broad-based empowerment is promoted through seven core elements. This congruency has not served the promotion of preferential procurement, it has created a hindrance that frustrates economic growth for those it is intended. The other quandary that undermines the success of preferential procurement is willful practices engaged by both tenderers and public officials
skills deficiency in the adjudication of tenders and self-interest. The success of BEE through preferential procurement is dependent on a coherently legislated procurement environment fortified by perceptive public officials. The objective of this thesis is to analyse the impact of these challenges on the success of preferential procurement. The study will highlight the main practices that defeat the use of preferential procurement. This will include an analysis of the various legislation and the amendments thereto. In addition the enquiry will examine the proficiency of public officials in the adjudication of public tendering. Recommendations for a successful preferential public procurement environment will be made. The proposed thesis will utilise, inter alia, relevant legislation, case law, theses, journals, books and policy documents.

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Sheikh, Ahmed Zahra. "The effect of foreign aid on economic growth : A cross section study on aid to Sub-Saharan Africa". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-25257.

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For decades the question regarding foreign aid’s effectiveness has been disputed. The ongoing debate concerning whether foreign aid yields or prevents economic growth has been discussed by different scholars, though with dissimilar outcomes. Foreign aid is often criticized for creating destruction rather than stimulating developing countries economic growth, though the fundamentals for aid is to create opportunities for developing countries to evolve and gain better socio-economic structures. Different forms of aid are supposed to create different outcomes, i.e. short- and medium-term aid ought to stimulate the country while long-term aid such as infrastructure and education should create growth for the recipient country. The problem of aid is mostly corruption, corrupted regimes hinders the natural development for aid that is to say it hampers the positive outcome aid can produce. So, does foreign aid have a positive impact on recipient countries growth? The aim of this study is to acknowledge the importance of foreign aid. In order to analyse whether foreign aid results in economic growth for developing countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, a crosssection regression analysis has been conducted. To sum up the results of this study foreign aid doesn’t have a significant effect on economic growth in the region Sub-Saharan Africa although other variables such as education and foreign direct investment has a significant effect on growth.

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Nicola, Matheus Lazzari. "Análise do impacto da corrupção na economia paranaense: uma abordagem com um modelo de insumo-produto inter-regional". Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2018. http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/4050.

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The aim of this research was to estimate, in the short term, the impact of corruption on the income level of the economy and well-being of the Brazilian and Paraná society, by means of the input-output inter-regional Paraná and the rest of Brazil model, in the year 2008. To achieve this objective, it was necessary to collect information from the Accountability Tribunals of the Union and the state of Paraná judgments, to formulate the fate of corruption hypothesis and the corruption repeal hypothesis, to calculate the impact of corruption on the Income level and welfare. To approximate the analysis of the reality, the hypothesis of evasion and/or hoarding of corruption money was also tested. The results show that, in the short term, corruption stimulates the economy product and consequently increases the income level and welfare on Paraná and Brazil society. However, corruption has negative effects only if the amount evaded and/or enshrined is, on average, more than 50% of the amount diverted from the public purse. The indicators-summary of the economic structure clarify that part of this result is explained by the least degree of interconnection between economic sectors tied to government spending. The evidence of the results indicates that tolerance to corruption may be related to the short-term stimulus that corruption provides to the economy, but that tolerance diminishes as society perceives when the levels of income and economic well-being it don't increase in the long run. Another evidence of the results of this research is that combating currency evasion can alleviate the negative effects of corruption on the Brazilian and Paraná economy, and that the fight against the crime of money laundering would reduce the distortions between the system of national accounts and the real product of the economy.
O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi estimar, no curto prazo, o impacto da corrupção sobre o nível de renda da economia e bem-estar da sociedade brasileira e paranaense, por meio do modelo de insumo-produto inter-regional Paraná e o restante do Brasil, no ano de 2008. Para alcançar esse objetivo foi necessário coletar informações dos acórdãos dos tribunais de contas da União e do estado do Paraná, formular as hipóteses de destino da corrupção e de revogação da corrupção, para então calcular o impacto da corrupção sobre o nível de renda e o bem-estar social. Para aproximar a análise da realidade, também foi testada a hipótese de evasão e/ou entesouramento da corrupção. Os resultados mostram que, no curto prazo, a corrupção estimula o produto da economia e, por consequência, aumenta o nível de renda e bem-estar paranaense e brasileiro. Entretanto, a corrupção apresenta efeitos negativos somente se o montante evadido e/ou entesourado for, em média, superior a 50% do valor desviado do erário público. Os indicadores-síntese da estrutura econômica esclarecem que parte desse resultado é explicado pelo menor grau de interconexão dos setores econômicos atrelados aos gastos do governo. As evidências dos resultados indicam que a tolerância a corrupção pode estar relacionada ao estímulo de curto prazo que a corrupção proporciona à economia, mas que essa tolerância diminui à medida que a sociedade percebe que os níveis de renda e bem-estar econômico não aumentam no longo prazo. Outra evidência dos resultados dessa pesquisa é de que o combate à evasão de divisas pode amenizar os efeitos negativos da corrupção sobre a economia paranaense e brasileira e, ainda, que o combate ao crime de lavagem de dinheiro reduziria as distorções entre o Sistema de Contas Nacional e o real produto da economia.

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Libri sul tema "Corruption – Economic models"

Shleifer, Andrei. Corruption. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1993.

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Ani, Matei, e Roșca Ion Gh, a cura di. The corruption: An economic and social analysis. București: Editura Economică, 2009.

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Rajeev, Meenakshi. Collusion in corrupt system: A Game theoretic approach. Bangalore: Institute for Social and Economic Change, 2003.

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Leite, Carlos. Does mother nature corrupt?: Natural resources, corruption, and economic growth. [Washington, D.C.]: International Monetary Fund, African and Research Department, 1999.

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Díaz, Marta Magadán. Corrupción y fraude: Economía de la transgresión. Madrid: Dykinson, 1999.

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Dabla-Norris, Era. What transparency can do when incentives fail: An analysis of rent capture. Washington, D.C: International Monetary Fund, Middle East and Central Asia Dept., 2006.

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Kapstein, Ethan B. Dividing the spoils: Pensions, privatization, and reform in Russia's transition. [Washington, D.C: World Bank, 2000.

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Kaufmann, Daniel. Does "grease money" speed up the wheels of commerce? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1999.

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Kaufmann, Daniel. Does "grease money" speed up the wheels of commerce? Washington, DC: World Bank, Development Research Group, Public Economics and World Bank Institute, Governance, Regulation, and Finance, 1999.

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Liu, Mingwei, e David Finegold. Emerging Economic Powers. A cura di John Buchanan, David Finegold, Ken Mayhew e Chris Warhurst. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199655366.013.25.

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This chapter aims to provide a review and analysis of skill development in China and India that do not neatly fit any skill formation model found in the literature. Although both China and India have made some impressive achievements in skill formation in the past two decades, great challenges remain on their way toward high-skill equilibrium including providing a strong educational foundation for vulnerable groups, corruption and rising inequality, skills mismatch, and raising employer skill demands. Despite many similar goals and challenges, the trajectories of skill development of the two countries are shaped by different sets of political, socioeconomic, institutional, cultural, demographic, and organizational factors, leading to two different skill formation and demand models with some complementary strengths and weaknesses.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Corruption – Economic models"

Fitzsimons, Vincent G. "Economic Models of Corruption". In Corruption and Development, 46–74. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230590625_3.

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Kolokoltsov, Vassili N., e Oleg A. Malafeyev. "Models of Growth Under Pressure". In Many Agent Games in Socio-economic Systems: Corruption, Inspection, Coalition Building, Network Growth, Security, 89–108. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12371-0_4.

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Kolokoltsov, Vassili N., e Oleg A. Malafeyev. "MFGs for Finite-State Models". In Many Agent Games in Socio-economic Systems: Corruption, Inspection, Coalition Building, Network Growth, Security, 111–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12371-0_5.

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Mihályi, Péter, e Iván Szelényi. "The Place of Rent-Seeking and Corruption in Varieties of Capitalism Models". In Market Liberalism and Economic Patriotism in the Capitalist World-System, 67–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05186-0_5.

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Kolokoltsov, Vassili N., e Oleg A. Malafeyev. "Introduction: Main Models and LLN Methodology". In Many Agent Games in Socio-economic Systems: Corruption, Inspection, Coalition Building, Network Growth, Security, 1–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12371-0_1.

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Jain, Arvind K. "Models of Corruption". In Economics of Corruption, 13–34. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4935-2_2.

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Ghosh, Chandana, e Ambar Nath Ghosh. "Democracy and Corruption in a Capitalist Economy". In Keynesian Macroeconomics Beyond the IS-LM Model, 165–205. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7888-1_7.

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Ivanyna, Maksym, Alex Mourmouras e Peter Rangazas. "Politics and Corruption in the Two-Period Model". In Springer Texts in Business and Economics, 73–109. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68666-0_3.

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Ivanyna, Maksym, Alex Mourmouras e Peter Rangazas. "Politics and Corruption in the Two-Period Model". In Springer Texts in Business and Economics, 79–114. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67557-8_3.

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Kolokoltsov, Vassili N., e Oleg A. Malafeyev. "Three-State Model of Corruption and Inspection". In Many Agent Games in Socio-economic Systems: Corruption, Inspection, Coalition Building, Network Growth, Security, 119–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12371-0_6.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Corruption – Economic models"

Михайлова, Юлия, Yulia Mikhaylova, Лия Маилян e Leah Mailyan. "ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ANTI-CORRUPTION POLICY IN MODERN RUSSIA". In Modern problems of an economic safety, accounting and the right in the Russian Federation. AUS PUBLISHERS, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.26526/conferencearticle_5c5060e41edf10.80157183.

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The article reveals the content of some corruption acts. Defines the scope of corruption crimes. Denotes the corruption perception index in the Russian Federation. Identifies the disadvantages that adversely affect the methods of combating corruption. Considers responsibility for acts of corruption. Defines measures to develop an effective anti-corruption policy.

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Золотарева, Ирина, Irina Zolotareva, Ирина Коновалова e Irina Konovalova. "CORRUPTION AS A SYSTEMIC THREAT TO THE STABILITY AND ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION". In Modern problems of an economic safety, accounting and the right in the Russian Federation. AUS PUBLISHERS, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.26526/conferencearticle_5c5060f4ad3778.39556074.

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Rezer, Tatiana. "History of Corruption & Social Values". In The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-75.

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A study of the history of corruption and the penalties for it has inadvertently led to the conclusion that this socially dangerous phenomenon not only fails to disappear from public administration, but continues to remain and increase, having the features of a transnational phenomenon that affects societies and economies of all countries. Throughout history, there has been an evolution of corruption parallel to the evolution of the state. Corruption undermines democratic institutions and values and the ethical values of the individual, leading to a double standard of behaviour in both public service and civil society. In Russia, corruption is recognised by both officials and the population. The main purpose of the study is to examine the manifestation of corruption and methods of counteracting it from a historical perspective. Objectives: analyse the forms and methods of corruption control as viewed through the prism of historical experience; consider contemporary manifestations of corruption from a position of social values. Research methods: a comparative analysis method to investigate the manifestation of corruption and the possibilities for its prevention from a historical perspective. Main conclusions: corruption is a multi-faceted and multi-dimensional phenomenon that is seen and studied as an economic, political, social and cultural problem; social values are the basis of a modern preventive mechanism against corruption; public policy against corruption is the main mechanism and strategy.

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Abdramanova, N. K., Z. T. Abdukarimova e Ye O. Alaukhanov. "Latent Economic and Corruption Crime as an Indicator of the Shadow Economy". In 2nd International Scientific and Practical Conference “Modern Management Trends and the Digital Economy: from Regional Development to Global Economic Growth” (MTDE 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200502.035.

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Moiseev, V. V. "Corruption In The Russian Economy". In II International Conference on Economic and Social Trends for Sustainability of Modern Society. European Publisher, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2021.09.02.26.

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Крохичева, Галина, Galina Krohicheva, Дмитрий Брязгунов e Dmitri Bryzgunov. "CORRUPTION AS A THREAT TO THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF RUSSIA". In Modern problems of an economic safety, accounting and the right in the Russian Federation. AUS PUBLISHERS, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.26526/conferencearticle_5c5061883c8834.78140168.

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. Ensuring economic security is the independence of the country and the condition for the life of society. That is why economic security is a top national priority. In modern Russia, there are both external and internal threats to the country's economic security. Internal threats pose a great danger; it is their presence that makes the state more vulnerable to external factors. Corruption in our country acts as a form of manifestation of internal threats. This powerful negative factor violates the safety of economic and national security. Corruption occurs in the industry where the criminal has various privileges and powers. At the same time, this crime causes greater economic harm to a citizen, society and the state than any other criminal offense.

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Крохичева, Галина, Galina Krohicheva, Валерия Саркисьян e Valeriya Sarkis'yan. "THE PROBLEM OF LEGALIZATION OF PROCEEDS OF CRIME IN RUSSIA". In Modern problems of an economic safety, accounting and the right in the Russian Federation. AUS PUBLISHERS, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.26526/conferencearticle_5c5061820a71a4.71363272.

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Abstract (sommario):

Ensuring economic security is the independence of the country and the condition for the life of society. That is why economic security is a top national priority. In modern Russia, there are both external and internal threats to the country's economic security. Internal threats pose a great danger; it is their presence that makes the state more vulnerable to external factors. Corruption in our country acts as a form of manifestation of internal threats. This powerful negative factor violates the safety of economic and national security. Corruption occurs in the industry where the criminal has various privileges and powers. At the same time, this crime causes greater economic harm to a citizen, society and the state than any other criminal offense.

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Algan, Neşe, Başak Gül Aktakas e İpek Tekin. "The Relationship between Corruption and Economic Growth as a Social Issue: A Case Study on Turkey". In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.00996.

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The present study aims to investigate the relationship between corruption and economic growth by taking the driving force of education into account. A significant contribution of the education level to the reduction process of corruption is expected to occur. For this reason, the number of those who are convicted of corruption offenses depending on their educational status for Turkey are to be taken into account, whereas the effect of education being a separate variable on growth and corruption will not be considered. In this regard, Vector Error Correction (VECM) model will be used as a method for the years between 1980-2011 and the relationship between corruption and economic growth will be analyzed. The contribution of the study to the literature is to reveal the impact of those who cause corruption depending on their education level on growth by undertaking the education levels separately. According to the empirical findings, considering corruption convicts who are literate but not graduated from a school and those having graduated from primary and secondary education, it was observed that corruption affects growth in a negative way. In contrast, given the corruption crimes which were committed by the graduates of both high school and vocational school at high school level and higher education, it was determined that there is a positive relationship between corruption and economic growth.

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Крохичева, Галина, Galina Krohicheva, Алина Куровская e Alina Kurovskaya. "DIRECTION AND FEATURES OF LAW ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITIES IN THE FIELD OF ENSURING ECONOMIC SECURITY". In Modern problems of an economic safety, accounting and the right in the Russian Federation. AUS PUBLISHERS, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.26526/conferencearticle_5c506001a4eeb5.90055886.

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The article presents the statistics of the annual collection of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation on the state of crime relating to crimes of a corruption nature. The areas of activity of law enforcement agencies for ensuring economic security are analyzed, the main problems of determining the role and place of law enforcement agencies, internal affairs bodies in the system of ensuring economic security are identified, and measures are presented to improve the activities of internal affairs bodies in counteracting economic crime.

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Bakeev, Murat, Anna Nikolaeva, Mansur Safargaliev, Ruslan Garifullin e Julia Nefedova. "Factors of corruption on the firm level". In Proceedings of the International conference "Economy in the modern world" (ICEMW 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icemw-18.2018.4.

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