Tesi sul tema "Corrélations à courte portée"
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Toulouse, Julien. "Extension multidéterminantale de la méthode de Kohn-Sham en théorie de la fonctionnelle de la densité par décomposition de l' interaction électronique en contributions de longue portée et de courte portée". Paris 6, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00550772.
Testo completoToulouse, Julien. "Extension multidéterminantale de la méthode de Kohn-Sham en théorie de la fonctionnelle de la densité par décomposition de l'interaction électronique en contributions de longue portée et de courte portée". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00550772.
Testo completoPaquier, Julien. "Théorie de la fonctionnelle de la densité relativiste à séparation de portée". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS059.
Testo completoThis PhD thesis constitutes a contribution to the relativistic extension of the range-separated density functional theory scheme, by combining a relativistic four-component wave function calculation for the long-range contribution with a complementary relativistic short-range exchange-correlation density functional based on the no-pair Dirac-Coulomb or Dirac-Coulomb-Breit Hamiltonian. We have studied properties of the relativistic homogeneous electron gas in the no-pair approximation to develop relativistic short-range exchange-correlation density functionals at the local density approximation (LDA) level. We have implemented a four-component range-separated density functional code as a plugin in the software QUANTUM PACKAGE 2.0 to test these functionals. We have extended the relativistic short-range exchange density functional to the generalized-gradient approximation (GGA) level. Finally, we have pointed out the important role of the on-top exchange pair density in the correct evaluation of the exchange energy at very short-range
Lagni, Andrea. "Looking for Short-Range Correlations in proton-induced QFS reactions in inverse kinematics". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASP095.
Testo completoMany-body systems composed of fermions are common in nature, such as high-temperature superconductors, Fermi liquids, atomic nuclei, quark matter, and neutron stars. The complexity of interactions between particles makes it difficult to solve the equations governing particle dynamics in these quantum systems. To simplify, these systems are often modeled using independent particles in an effective mean-field potential. However, residual interactions reveal significant correlations that affect the occupation of states below and above the Fermi level. Atomic nuclei, with their short-range interactions, are particularly interesting. The physics of short-range correlations (SRC) arises from short-distance interactions and manifests as nucleon pairs. SRC pairs have a high relative momentum and a low center-of-mass momentum compared to the Fermi momentum (kF = 250 MeV/c). These pairs form temporary high-density fluctuations, limited by the highly repulsive nucleon-nucleon interaction at distances less than about 1 fm. Most of our knowledge about SRC comes from electron and proton scattering experiments. Studies indicate that about 20% of bound nucleons occupy this high-momentum region. The first experimental evidence of SRC was provided by measuring a high-momentum tail in the proton momentum distributions during electron scattering experiments. To study SRC in neutron-rich nuclei, we used Quasi-Free Scattering (QFS) reactions in inverse kinematics, with radioactive ion beams on a proton target at the R3B facility of the GSI accelerator in Germany. This method allowed us to study SRC properties, including np/pp pair ratios and momentum distributions, focusing on the 12C and 16C nuclei with a beam energy of 1.25 GeV/u. The main objectives were to develop a methodology to differentiate between scattering reactions on SRC pairs and reactions on a proton followed by final-state interactions (FSI) and to extend SRC studies to neutron-rich nuclei, particularly exotic nuclei like 16C. The analysis involved identifying SRC events produced via 12C(p, 2pN)A-2 and 16C(p, 2pN)A-2 reactions. We extracted np/pp pair ratios lower than the predictions of the Generalized Contact Formalism and previous experimental results, suggesting interference from FSI and mean-field effects. Difficulties arose in isolating SRC events, and we hypothesized that the cross-section for SRC pair breaking might be reduced at the 1.25 GeV/u beam energy. Additionally, limited momentum resolution reduced our ability to separate SRC events from other competing channels, indicating the need to improve the detection system. The limited usable statistics and acceptance limits of the experimental setup did not allow us to achieve exclusive SRC measurements but provided essential information for improving future studies at R3B. This research constitutes a fundamental step in studying SRC using inverse kinematics. Despite the difficulties, the developed methodology provides important information to better identify SRC physics. Future experiments should consider higher beam energies or better detection techniques to better isolate SRC events
Robin, Caroline. "Fully self-consistent multiparticle-multihole configuration mixing method : applications to a few light nuclei". Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112193/document.
Testo completoThis thesis project takes part in the development of the multiparticle-multihole configuration mixing method aiming to describe the structure of atomic nuclei. Based on a double variational principle, this approach allows to determine the expansion coefficients of the wave function and the single-particle states at the same time. In this work we apply for the first time the fully self-consistent formalism of the mp-mh method to the description of a few p- and sd-shell nuclei, using the D1S Gogny interaction.A first study of the 12C nucleus is performed in order to test the doubly iterative convergence procedure when different types of truncation criteria are applied to select the many-body configurations included in the wave-function. A detailed analysis of the effect caused by the orbital optimization is conducted. In particular, its impact on the one-body density and on the fragmentation of the ground state wave function is analyzed.A systematic study of sd-shell nuclei is then performed. A careful analysis of the correlation content of the ground state is first conducted and observables quantities such as binding and separation energies, as well as charge radii are calculated and compared to experimental data. Satisfactory results are found. Spectroscopic properties are also studied. Excitation energies of low-lying states are found in very good agreement with experiment, and the study of magnetic dipole features are also satisfactory. Calculation of electric quadrupole properties, and in particular transition probabilities B(E2), however reveal a clear lack of collectivity of the wave function, due to the reduced valence space used to select the many-body configurations. Although the renormalization of orbitals leads to an important fragmentation of the ground state wave function, only little effect is observed on B(E2) probabilities. A tentative explanation is given.Finally, the structure description of nuclei provided by the multiparticle-multihole configuration mixing method is utilized to study reaction mechanisms such as electron and proton inelastic scattering on sd-shell nuclei. Although the results also suffer from the lack of collectivity, the experimental trends are well reproduced and improved by the orbital optimization
Delfau, Jean-Baptiste. "Diffusion et corrélations de particules confinées en interaction à longue portée". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00875047.
Testo completoDelfau, Jean-Baptiste. "Diffusion et corrélations de particules confinées en interactions à langue portée". Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077135.
Testo completoDescribing the diffusion of brownian correlated objects is not a trivial issue in statistical physics. Long-ranged correlations indeed induce an "anomalous" diffusion, by definition not described by the usual statistical physics laws, which means that it has to be studied on a per cases base. This PhD is devoted to one particular example named Single-file Diffusion, refering to the diffusion of an ordered chain of particles that cannot cross each other. We report here molecular dynamics simulations and experimental results emphasizing the existence of several diffusive behaviors for the longitudinal or transverse fluctuations of particles in a SFD configuration. Ail our numerical and experimental results can be explained by an analytical model based on the decomposition of the thermal fluctuations on the vibrational eigenmodes of the System. This model can be used to describe real physical Systems as it takes into account long-ranged interactions, the influence of the dissipation, the size of the System and the properties of both confinement forces. This eigenmodes analysis can explain the evolution of the transverse fluctuations during the zigzag transition and the structure of the System after the transition. Moreover, studying the transverse fluctuations also contributes to the understanding of the influence of a thermal noise on a pitchfork bifurcation
Chioar, Ioan-Augustin. "Glaces kagomé de spins artificiels : de la dégénérescence à courte-portée vers l'ordre dipolaire". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAY033/document.
Testo completoArtificial spin networks were initially proposed as toy-spin models destined for the investigation of magnetic frustration effects in two-dimensional spin lattices, a complementary approach to the study of the magnetic frustration encountered in spin ice pyrochlores. Generally fabricated via lithography techniques, these arrays of nano-scale magnetic islands can be designed at-will. Given the size and shape of the elements, their magnetization is almost uniform throughout their volume, thus making these islands act like classical Ising spins. Combined with the possibility of individually imaging the magnetic degrees of freedom in real space, these systems offer an almost infinite playground for the investigation of competing interactions in magnetostatic frameworks and potential for the experimental discovery of novel and exotic magnetic phases. However, unlike their condensed matter counterparts, first-generation artificial spin networks are insensitive to thermal fluctuations, requiring other driving mechanisms for accessing their complex low-energy manifolds. A field-protocol has been employed for driving such networks towards their ground-state configurations, although they only partially manage to accommodate pair-island interactions. More recently, thermally-active artificial spin networks have been introduced, surpassing the limits of demagnetized arrays in the quest for exotic low-energy spin textures.This thesis presents experimental and numerical studies performed on artificial kagome spin arrays, one of the most frustrated two-dimensional lattices. The kagome spin ice geometry has received most of the community's attention as it presents highly degenerate manifolds and unconventional spin textures. Within a dipolar long-range framework, it displays a low-temperature regime characterized by the coexistence of a crystalline phase, associated to the magnetic charge, and a disordered spin lattice. While demagnetizing such artificial kagome arrays cannot access this exotic state, thermally-active networks can locally retrieve such a phase, creating crystallites of antiferromagnetically-ordered magnetic charges. The first part of this work presents the experimental protocol employed to this purpose. A kinetic model is also proposed that successfully captures the observed experimental features and explains the efficiency of this approach.The second part of the current thesis presents a study of a novel artificial spin ice system, the artificial kagome Ising network. This network primarily differs from the kagome spin ice array by having its magnetic moments pointing along the vertical axis. A recent study of this system has concluded that, after demagnetization, these two artificial kagome networks display similar pairwise spin correlation development and their final frozen states can be well characterized by short-range interaction models. Through the use of demagnetization protocols, magnetic force microscopy and Monte Carlo simulations, it is demonstrated that long-range dipolar interactions between the magnetic elements cannot be neglected when describing the remanent states of demagnetized artificial kagome Ising networks. These results assess the limits of the reported universal behavior of artificial kagome lattices and enrich the spectrum of magnetic phases that could be achieved with such nanostructured systems. Indeed, Monte Carlo simulations indicate that this kagome Ising network presents a different low-energy behavior than kagome spin ice, the incipient stages of which have been accessed experimentally, but its dipolar ground-state configuration remains unknown. Nevertheless, by inspecting the low-temperature thermodynamic features of this array and through the use of a geometrical construction, a ground-state candidate is provided
Caillet, Mathieu. "Étude et conception d'un système radar courte portée et d'antennes reconfigurables en bande millimétrique". Rennes 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006REN1S152.
Testo completoDaniele, Norbert. "Étude d'un système de transmission radio courte portée à 60 GHz par étalement de spectre". Grenoble INPG, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPG0145.
Testo completoDupont, Geneviève. "Mise en évidence des corrélations à longue portée dans des systèmes chimiques hors d'équilibre par simulation microscopique". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213381.
Testo completoIbambe, Gatsinzi Martine. "Etudes des performances radiofréquences d'antennes 5,8 GHz intégrées sur des véhicules automobilesApplications sécuritaires et communications à courte portée". Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112179.
Testo completoEvolution in technology allows automotive manufacturers and suppliers to propose more and more embedded electronic systems to make driving safer and easier. However, the number of road victims is still high. In this context, a study of the integration of a pre-crash radar operating at 5. 8GHz has been launched by Renault. This system is based on low cost components and allows the activation of either automatic braking to avoid any crash or restraint systems in case of an impending collision. Besides, to reduce the number of integrated antennas on vehicles, other applications, such as smart keyless and vehicle to vehicle communication systems can use the same radar antenna. The main objective of the proposed research work is to study the integration of 5. 8 GHz antennas on vehicles. In particular, simulations are performed to investigate the integration on numerical prototypes to make up for problems posed by the late availability of car prototypes and the reduction of cost in industry. For this purpose, we focused on the 4 following topics: 1) Simulation at higher frequencies and measurement to evaluate integration effects on antenna radiation. 2) Analysis of wave propagation in vehicular environments to quantify and qualify propagation channel in the 5. 8 GHz frequency band. 3) Study of radar signal propagation. The goal is to develop a method for echo signal analysis of the radar prototype by modeling and simulating the antenna and different targets in road environments. 4) Evaluation of antenna integration and wave propagation at 24 GHz. We have presented a study of a second type of pre-crash radar currently under investigation
Ameller, Michel. "Dynamique non-linéaire et corrélations à longue portée dans les systèmes de réaction-diffusion: aspects théoriques et simulations microscopiques". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213254.
Testo completoNdong, Mintsa Enguerran. "Interactions effectives de courte portée dans les dispersions colloïdales : rôle des spécificités du potentiel sur le ralentissement de la dynamique". Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066051/document.
Testo completoMolecular dynamics simulations are used to investigate the role on the slowing down of the dynamics in certain colloidal dispersions of some characteristics of the short-range interaction potentials between the solutes. The variation with the physical parameters of the diffusion coefficient used as an indicator of the slowing down of the dynamics is compared with that of the bond lifetime of particle pairs in order to test the usual interpretation of gelation by par the formation of long-lived bonds between the colloidal particles. Two simple models were first considered: a standard potential with a repulsive part and a short-range attraction, and a model with a repulsive barrier after the well. For standard models, without barrier, a universal behaviour of the dynamics, governed by the second virial coefficient has been shown. This has been observed both for the diffusivity and the bond lifetime of particle pairs, provided that a common definition of the bonding length is used when comparing different potentials. In the presence of barriers, the diffusivity depends also on other characteristics of the interaction, such as the ratio of the well and barrier amplitudes. The effect of the barrier reinforces both the bonding in the well and the steric effect at a separation larger than the core diameter. Doubling its height increases the lifetime almost by an order of magnitude. In all cases the bond lifetime depends weakly on density in contrast with the diffusion coefficient. This different behaviours of diffusivity and bond lifetime shows the limits of a literal interpretation of the slowing down of the dynamics by the formation of long-lived bonds between particle pairs. The predictions relative to these generic potentials were next tested on the effective potentials computed from the integral equations for asymmetric binary mixtures. The complexity of the dynamics arising from the oscillatory nature of the potential is then illustrated by the behaviour of the number of pairs, depending on the bonding range being considered. The influence on the dynamics of residual interactions was next investigated from the attractive Yukawa potential, often used to model an attractive interaction arising from the overlap of the surface layers of the solutes potential and the repulsive Yukawa one, possibly modelling Coulomb interactions with very short screening length. We so showed the importance of such residual interactions on the non-ergodicity transition lines. The analysis of the situations in which the slowing down of the dynamics involves both components of the mixture, with the required methodological developments, is finally pointed out as a possible continuation of this work
Vaillant, Cédric. "Influence de la séquence sur les propriétés élastiques des chaînes ADN". Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066531.
Testo completoCezard, Nicolas. "Etude de faisabilité d'un lidar Rayleigh-Mie pour des mesures à courte portée de la vitesse de l'air, de sa température et de sa densité". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EPXX0022.
Testo completoDemerdache, Julien Moukhtar El. "Effets de séquence sur les propriétés thermodynamiques de brins d'ADN : de la théorie à l'expérience". Lyon, École normale supérieure (sciences), 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ENSL0488.
Testo completoBelarbi, Fahim. "Les systèmes de communication entre les véhicules et l'infrastructure : leur contribution aux pratiques d'exploitation de la route : Le cas d'une application pour l'information des autoroutes (AIDA)". Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000955.
Testo completoHaese-Rolland, Nathalie. "Modélisation des circuits en guide d'onde rectangulaire pour la réalisation de fonctions électroniques en gamme millimétrique : Approche quasi-optique d'une tête d'émission-réception pour la réalisation de radars à courte portée". Lille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL10071.
Testo completoWeis, Frédéric. "Exploitation d'approches système dans les réseaux sans fil". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Rennes 1, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00790484.
Testo completoWassaf, Joseph. "Théorie de l'ionisation des atomes en champ laser intense : étude des structures observées aux hautes énergies". Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066373.
Testo completoChikdene, Mohand Améziane. "Etude de la diffusion de l'hydrogène dans des hydrures cristallins et amorphes de l'alliage Zr2Ni par corrélations angulaires gamma-gamma sur 181Ta". Grenoble 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989GRE10071.
Testo completoNdao, Makha. "Propriétés physiques des cristaux liquides discotiques nanoconfinés". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00979588.
Testo completoChevillard, Laurent. "Description multifractale unifiée du phénomène d'intermittence en turbulence Eulérienne et Lagrangienne". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007454.
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