Tesi sul tema "Conversion d'énergie solaire"
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Matt, Benjamin. "Polyoxométallates hybrides organiques/inorganiques pour la conversion d'énergie solaire en énergie chimique". Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066427.
Environmental challenges represent main societal, economical and political issues. As a consequence, many countries committed themselves to develop new strategies in terms of sustainable energy sources. This Ph. D work takes part into this specific context. In such a situation, we sought to elaborate organic-inorganic hybrid systems that are based on polyoxometalates (POMs). These systems can efficiently collect visible light to induce photocumulative electron transfer. The approach in this work is based on the covalent grafting of a chromophore moiety onto different types of POMs in order to consider catalytic and multi-electronic processes such as the reduction of protons into dihydrogen. At first, we developed synthetic methodologies and purification processes to prepare different types of hybrid POMs by covalent linking. Then, organic and organometallic chromophores have been prepared. The later led to the synthesis of POM based dyads following the coupling methodologies previously established. The photophysical properties of these new compounds were studied and the results shone light on the occurrence of charge separation states. At last, in order to value such molecules into functional devices for artificial photosynthesis, it is compulsory to go through a step of integration. This perspective led us to think about other types of hybrid compounds, which can give rise to new and original properties after surface confinement
Notton, Gilles. "Contribution à l'étude des systèmes de production autonome d'énergie utilisant la conversion photovoltaique". Corte, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992CORT3005.
Bonnelle, Denis. "Tour solaire, tour à vaporisation d'eau, et modes de conversion d'énergie renouvelable : présentation, critiques et suggestions". Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10129.
Flitris, Yannis. "Transferts de chaleur à haute température paroi-lit fluidisé de particules de diamètre intermédiaire : application à la conversion de l'énergie solaire". Perpignan, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PERP0070.
Izzo, Pascal. "Etude d'un circuit électronique et algorithmique destiné à la gestion de systèmes autonomes de production d'énergie photovoltai͏̈que". Montpellier 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON20150.
Carrillo, Arcos Ulises Alonso. "Iron-based photoactive complexes : control of geometry and electronic properties". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0087.
The interest of organometallic complexes for optical applications such as luminescent materials, photosensitizers, photocatalysts, biomaterials or nanomaterials for optoelectronics continues to grow. The development of such applications involves the careful design of metal complexes with appropriate photophysical properties to ensure efficient light collection based on intense and wide absorption, exciton generation in the condensed phase and charge transfer to the excited state. Consequently, the properties of the excited state in terms of energy and lifetime determine the functional performance of the molecules and, therefore, the nanostructures or devices made up of these molecular units. The aim of the thesis is to develop photoactive compounds from inexpensive and environmentally friendly metal complexes. While ruthenium-based complexes have been widely studied and used in many laboratory applications because of their ideal photophysical properties, ruthenium is a rare, toxic and expensive metal, which limits actual industrial development. This doctoral work aims to replace this metal with iron, a strategic metal in the search for low-cost devices and industrial processes that conserve resources. In particular, we are targeting the development of photosensitizers for solar energy conversion. However, the replacement of ruthenium with iron represents a significant challenge and is actively sought. In fact, unlike ruthenium, the iron complexes exhibit an ultra-fast non-radiative deactivation of 1,3MLCT (metal-ligand charge transfer) states in the low-energy 5T2 quintuplet centered on the metal, making the complexes unusable for the applications in devices exploiting the MLCT transition such as DSSCs. In this context, the project aims to improve and rationally control the electronic and geometrical properties of excited states of iron complexes in order to apply them in photocatalysis as well as in solar cells. Therefore, a primary goal is to establish generic rules and guidelines for the relationship between chemical structure and photophysical properties. This initial gain of knowledge provided by the thesis work is the key to rationalize, in a second time, the properties of excited states for the fabrication of metal complexes applicable in energy conversion applications. To do this, the project is based on an interdisciplinary approach combining chemical synthesis, which is the central part of thesis work, with theoretical computation and ultrafast spectroscopy, up to the study of photocatalytic properties or the fabrication of solar devices such as DSSCs
Paire, Damien. "Dimensionnement et gestion d'énergie de systèmes d'entraînements électriques hybrides : application à un ascenseur avec récupération d'énergie". Phd thesis, Belfort-Montbéliard, 2010. https://theses.hal.science/docs/00/59/89/75/PDF/Paire_Damien_These_UTBM.pdf.
Given the current energy challenges, hybrid power systems present an interesting asset for better energy efficiency especially in the use of renewable energy sources. These kinds of systems combine several sources in order to supply correctly the load. With a proper control strategy, we can take advantage of each source according to their characteristics so as to manage the entire system. In addition, for traction systems, it is possible to recover energy during different operating phases thanks to power electronic, instead of dissipating this energy in heat. The present study was applied to an elevator system fed by several sources. The first part of this thesis outlines energy problems and focuses on the savings on lifts in European Union. Then, the general structure of hybrid power systems is introduced with application examples. In the second part, the design of the system was led to meet the specifications of real elevators in terms of performance. However, for this study, we have added to this system different energy sources and the possibility of recovering energy. The modeling of the overall system has been carried in order to develop a control strategy for this hybrid system. After encouraging simulation results, an experimental platform was built to validate the control strategy on a real system. Experimentations have been performed successfully. The control is implemented with the rapid prototyping tool, dSPACE that allows to modify easily the strategies. This platform is therefore a complete tool for controlling hybrid electric systems in order to apply different energy management strategies
Paire, Damien. "Dimensionnement et gestion d'énergie de systèmes d'entraînements électriques hybrides : application à un ascenseur avec récupération d'énergie". Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00598975.
Reynaud, Jean-François. "Recherches d'optimums d'énergies pour charge/décharge d'une batterie à technologie avancée dédiée à des applications photovoltaïques". Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1482/.
The need of a storage function associated with intermittent power sources provides a better balance between consumption and energy production. Today, energy storage is most of the time done with conventional batteries like lead acid technology mainly for reasons of cost, reliability and commercial availability. However, the lifetime of actual storage elements, the environmental impact and the low efficiency causes the search for alternative storage facilities with lifetimes compatible with applications and functions more flexible. Lithium-ion technology today seems to be a good compromise if it is associated with an electronic precision performing various functions. This thesis focuses on optimizing lithium-ion technology used in renewable energy and the development of an associated electronics. The validation of this work has been done through photovoltaic conversion systems. The conversion efficiency of the assembly has been studied especially taking into account different charge and discharge profiles, aging and safety of batteries and the latest technological developments in battery. To validate management algorithms and qualify conversion chains, a specific test bench has been developed
Buchet, Eric. "Etude du dimensionnement et développement d'un logiciel d'aide à la conception de systèmes de production d'énergie utilisant la conversion photovoltai͏̈que de l'énergie solaire". Aix-Marseille 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX30037.
Borgogno, Remy. "Procédé thermo-hydraulique solaire appliqué à la trigénération dans le secteur résidentiel". Thesis, Perpignan, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PERP0025/document.
A new process based on thermal-hydraulic conversion actuated by low-grade thermal energy (80–110 °C) is investigated and aims at providing trigeneration energy features for the residential sector. "Thermo-hydraulic" term refers to a process involving an incompressible fluid used as an intermediate medium to transfer work hydraulically between different thermal operated components or sub-systems allowing to improve the efficiency of the energy conversion chain. A model, assuming steady-state operations, is developed to assess the energy performances of different variants of this thermo-hydraulic process as well as various pairs of working fluids. These calculations were completed by a quasi-dynamic and dynamic models allowing a better sizing of the process. Finally, an annual study was realized from the quasi-static model in order to estimate the evolution of the performances as well as its power production over a complete year of functioning. For instance, in the frame of a single-family home, located in the Mediterranean region, the working fluid pair (R1234yf/R1233zd) is investigated in detail in order to estimate the annual performances. For domestic houses, the process aims at amplifying the solar energy collected by a factor of 1.32 for heating purpose, provides a cold production with a solar COP of 0.24 and generates electricity from the remaining solar energy with an efficiency of 4.2%
Maalej, Olfa. "Verres et vitrocéramiques fluorés dopés terre rare et/ou métal de transition pour la conversion de l'énergie solaire". Thesis, Le Mans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LEMA1013/document.
The efficiency of solar cells can be improved by fully exploiting the UV-blue portion of the solar spectrum, through a frequency converting mechanism of type downconversion. This process using energy transfer between rare earth ions (RE) or 3d transition metal (pairs RE3+/Yb3+ with TR = Pr, Tm,… and Cr3+/Yb3+) requires a matrix with low phonon energy to reduce non radiative relaxation.So far, the studied materials are mainly in the form of polycristalline powder, which limits their use due to diffusion or single crystals which manufacturing cost is high.As part of this thesis, fluoride glasses based on fluorozirconate ZLAG (ZrF4-LaF3-AlF3-GaF3) and ZBLA (ZrF4-LaF2-LaF3-AlF3) have been prepared by the melting-casting technique. These are suitable because of their intrinsic properties of transparency and low phonon energy. The resulting materials were then characterized by thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and luminescence.Molecular Dynamics simulation and Fluorescence line narrowing of ZLAG matrix have been performed in order to investigate the structural modification during the transformation of the glass into the glass-ceramic.Luminescence of Yb3+ ion was observed in the near IR at 980 nm under blue excitation in all studied series, which is the signature of energy transfer. In the ZLAG glass, the efficiency reaches 92% for Pr3+ → Yb3+ energy transfer and 65% for Tm3+ → Yb3+ energy transfer. The efficiency is lower in the ZBLA glass and the ZLAG ceramisation does not improve the performances
Cid, Pastor Angel. "Conception et réalisation de modules photovoltaïques électroniques". Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00128644.
Mugnier, Jacques. "Conversion de fréquence et concentration de la lumière par fluorescence". Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO19041.
Liu, Li. "Propriétés photo-physiques de nouveaux matériaux moléculaires pour la conversion de photons en énergie". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAE010/document.
Various photo-induced energy and energy transfer processes were investigated in solution and in the film by transient absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies for two types of solar cells. Combined with other experiments and through a global analysis, those ultrafast phenomena with their lifetimes were observed and the photo-induced scenarios were determined. The insight understanding of molecular materials could help chemists to design efficient solar cells.The first study about the influence of chemical designs on charge formation and separation involves different donor moieties and different solvents and the results were explained by Marcus-Jortner theory combined with quantum calculationThe second investigation is about Fe(II) complexes as photosensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells. A series of homo- and heteroleptic Fe(II) complexes with carbene and terpyridine ligands have been studied in solution and in the film. The record triplet metal-to-ligand charge transfer state lifetime of Fe(II) complex is achieved in solution. The further understanding in the film is in progress
Laramée-Milette, Baptiste. "Polymères de coordination et éponge cristalline : de nouveaux matériaux pour la conversion de l’énergie solaire et la résolution de la structure cristalline de composés huileux". Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10611.
It is well known that the self-assembly of small molecules into macromolecular species gives rise to an amplification and amelioration of their general properties. A first section on self-assembly will emphasize the acquired experience during an internship in Tokyo, Japan, in Pr. Makoto Fujita’s research group, a worldwide Figure in the area of self-assembly. Concomitant with the latest results obtained in Pr. Fujita research group on the self-assembly of molecular sponges, studies on molecular sponges with functionalized cavities will be presented. Such sponges were used to encapsulate fatty acids in order to determine their crystal structure. The sponges were characterized in different ways, such as 1H and 13C NMR, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis, optical microscopy coupled with infrared detection as well as X-ray diffraction. Another path of investigation to gain good spectroscopic properties is to synthesize metallodendrimers. A new 1,3,5-triazine ligand was synthesized by a typical nitrile cyclization in the presence of sodium hydride. Mono-, bis- and trimetallic Ru(II) species as well as heterometallic Ru(II)/Pt(II) and Ru(II)/Os(II) complexes were synthesized. All the complexes were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H, 13C{1H} and Cosy NMR) in the liquid state, high-resolution mass spectrometry, elemental analysis as well as X-ray diffraction in some cases. Attempts to generate H2 with the heterometallic species as catalysts have been investigated. The optical and electronic properties were also investigated by UV-Vis spectroscopy, luminescence analysis, excited state lifetimes, quantum yield efficiency and cyclic voltammetry.Finally, with the goal of having enhance light absorption, we synthesized a series of homo- and heterometallic coordination polymers with a ligand of the “back-to-back” terpyridine type. The complexes obtained were characterized by various techniques, such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry as well as elementary analysis. The optical as well as the electronic properties were also investigated, using luminescence spectroscopy, excited state lifetime analysis, quantum yield determination and by cyclic voltammetry.