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Tijou-Traoré, Annick. "L’expérience dans la production de savoirs profanes sur le diabète chez des patients diabétiques à Bamako (Mali)". Sciences sociales et santé 28, n. 4 (2010): 41–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/sosan.2010.1978.
Abstract (sommario):
Cet article étudie les modalités de construction de savoirs de patients autour du diabète. L’analyse s’appuie sur des entretiens menés auprès d’hommes et de femmes, vivant à Bamako au Mali et ayant recours à la biomédecine. L’étude montre que la production de ces savoirs profanes s’appuie en partie sur des politiques de prise en charge pensées aux échelles internationale et nationale dont certains éléments modèlent tant la quête de savoirs que certaines des modalités de leur production. Mais c’est davantage à l’échelle microlocale que la construction de savoirs se structure. Cette échelle d’analyse révèle la diversité des sources de savoirs que mobilisent les malades. Parmi celles-ci, l’expérience occupe une place importante mais ambivalente. Le lien entre expérience et savoirs prend en partie forme à partir de la configuration spatiale des centres de santé fréquentés et s’articule, selon les patients, autour des notions de légitimité et d’efficacité, révélant des tensions entre les savoirs transmis par les professionnels et les savoirs issus de l’expérience.
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Leblon, Anaïs. "Les paradoxes du patrimoine". Hors-thème 37, n. 1 (6 giugno 2013): 177–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1016153ar.
Abstract (sommario):
L’auteure interroge les relations conflictuelles et la dialectique entre des définitions institutionnelles et des usages locaux du patrimoine à partir de l’étude ethnographique de l’« espace culturel du yaaral et du degal », festivités de transhumance peules du delta intérieur du Niger au Mali déclarées « chefs-d’oeuvre du patrimoine oral et immatériel de l’Humanité par l’UNESCO » en novembre 2005, et inscrites sur à la Liste représentative du patrimoine culturel immatériel de l’humanité par l’UNESCO en 2008. C’est par une variation des jeux d’échelles, une étude des paradoxes, et des enjeux de pouvoir que ces fêtes sont étudiées. L’article présente d’abord la construction patrimoniale de l’« espace culturel du yaaral et du degal » par la Direction Nationale du Patrimoine Culturel (DNPC) au regard des définitions internationales du patrimoine culturel immatériel promues par l’UNESCO et de la politique culturelle malienne. Il propose ensuite une définition endogène de la patrimonialisation et de ses présentations publiques à la lumière d’un exemple sur les compétitions pastorales. Ces dernières illustrent la manière dont des éléments culturels peuvent se trouver pris dans un double processus de création patrimoniale et de transmission d’un idéal pastoral recréé. Pour finir, l’étude d’un conflit pour le poste de chef des éleveurs pose la question de la gestion patrimoniale des enjeux pastoraux locaux. La lecture patrimoniale de ces fêtes renvoie alors à une analyse du champ politique.
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Motschenbacher, Heiko. "‘Now everybody can wear a skirt’: Linguistic constructions of non-heteronormativity at Eurovision Song Contest press conferences". Discourse & Society 24, n. 5 (3 giugno 2013): 590–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957926513486167.
Abstract (sommario):
This article provides an ethnographically-based, in-depth discourse analysis of linguistic constructions of non-heteronormativity at Eurovision Song Contest press conferences. Contexts of high national salience have been found to largely support or even promote heteronormative discourses. The present study, by contrast, sets out to look at the construction of sexuality in a transnational community of practice of high European salience, in which macro-level heteronormativity has to face greater competition from the non-heteronormativity of the local context. The analysis identifies the following patterns of non-heteronormative construction: non-heteronormative talk about love song lyrics and performances, the construction of male same-sex desire, and the challenging of dominant gender discourses. Finally, it is argued that the European transnationalism of the context causes a normative shift from (nationally associated) heteronormativity to an expectation that non-heterosexual identities and desires be met with greater tolerance.
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Van Berkel, Laura, Ludwin E. Molina e Sahana Mukherjee. "Gender Asymmetry in the Construction of American National Identity". Psychology of Women Quarterly 41, n. 3 (22 maggio 2017): 352–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361684317707710.
Abstract (sommario):
Dominant groups (e.g., White U.S. citizens) are more associated with “American” identity and they feel greater ownership over American national identity compared to ethnic minority groups. We extended this perception to gender and tested whether American national identity is constructed in masculine, versus feminine, terms. We examined whether U.S. men feel greater symbolic ownership over the nation and represent what it means to be a prototypical American, more than U.S. women. In Study 1, men and women considered male-associated traits more American than female-associated traits and listed more men as examples of “true” Americans than women. In Study 2, men reported higher levels of nationalism than women. Women’s nationalism was moderated by their conception of male-associated traits as American—women who viewed American identity as more masculine were less nationalistic. Men showed a stronger correlation between gender identity and American identity compared to women. However, correlations between gender identity and nationalism did not differ by participant gender. Results suggest men and masculinity are considered more American than are women and femininity. We provide support for the subgroup asymmetry hypothesis through the novel lens of gender. We discuss means of attenuating the gendered construction of national identity in terms of media, policy, and education. Additional online materials for this article, including study materials, a podcast interview with the author, and slides for instructors who want to use this article for teaching, are available on PWQ’ s website at http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/suppl/10.1177/0361684317707710
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Stoegner, Karin, e Ruth Wodak. "‘The man who hated Britain’ – the discursive construction of ‘national unity’ in theDaily Mail". Critical Discourse Studies 13, n. 2 (30 ottobre 2015): 193–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17405904.2015.1103764.
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Penny, John. "Making multiple masculinities in men’s magazines: Constructions and portrayals of 21st century man and attendant implications for counselling psychology". Counselling Psychology Review 22, n. 2 (maggio 2007): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpscpr.2007.22.2.5.
Abstract (sommario):
In November, 2006, the National Union of Students proposed that the men’s lifestyle magazines Nuts and Zoo be taken off university shop shelves and sold under the counter (MediaGuardian.co.uk, 13 November, 2006). This paper reviews the body of research since 2000 into the constructions of masculinity portrayed in such lifestyle magazines and suggests that to understand the messages of the magazines is to gain insight into the masculinities being constructed and their appeal for the white, male readers at whom the magazines are aimed. In turn, this reveals possible implications for counselling psychology if men are constructing masculinity in ways that may impact on mental health or on willingness to address emotional issues.
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Walton, Theresa. "Theorizing Paula Radcliffe: Representing a Nation". Sociology of Sport Journal 27, n. 3 (settembre 2010): 285–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.27.3.285.
Abstract (sommario):
In setting the world record at the London Marathon in 2003, Paula Radcliffe not only beat her female competitors but also her countrymen becoming the fastest British runner of the year, male or female, making her the nation’s best hope for the Olympic Games in 2004. From this position, she garnered a significant amount of media attention, becoming Britain’s most famous runner. Yet as a representative of her nation, both symbolically and on the national team, her place remains complicated. Radcliffe’s significant accomplishments, which were in part understood as British success, were also constructed as a foil for the lack of British men’s success in racialized and gendered ways. To explicate mediated articulations of national identity, I examined UK print media constructions of Radcliffe focusing on three major events of her running career: her world record, her failure to finish at the 2004 Games, and her World Championship marathon win in 2005. I found that Radcliffe achieved conditional status as a representative of Britain, while this media coverage also maintained and buttressed gendered and racialized hierarchies in the complex construction of British identity.
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Martin, Lynn, Clare Schofield, Cindy Millman e Srikanth Reddy Valassis. "White and Male? Constructing Student Perceptions of Entrepreneurs as ‘Other’". International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation 12, n. 3 (agosto 2011): 179–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/ijei.2011.0038.
Abstract (sommario):
This paper explores perceptions of entrepreneurship and innovation to discover why UK students did not engage with enterprise activities at their universities. A study involving 84 international and national university students identified stereotypical perceptions of terms such as ‘innovator’ and ‘entrepreneur’, ‘entrepreneurship’ and ‘innovation’, associating values and emotions with the development of these constructs often ignored in research on enterprise intent. There were differing perspectives on the drivers affecting engagement across international and UK students. It also emerged that the development of new interactive media technologies had influenced the process of constructing meaning for these terms, creating and reinforcing stereotypes rather than changing them.
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Rodet, Marie, e Brandon County. "Old homes and new homelands: imagining the nation and remembering expulsion in the wake of the Mali Federation's collapse". Africa 88, n. 3 (17 luglio 2018): 469–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972018000189.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractThis article examines concepts of ‘home’ and ‘abroad’ for migrants and citizens in the twilight of empire. It focuses on the ‘cheminots refoulés’, railway workers with origins in the former French Sudan (today's Republic of Mali) who were expelled from Senegal shortly after both territories declared independence, and other ‘Sudanese’ settled in Senegal, sometimes for several generations. Using newly available archives in France, Mali and Senegal, and interviews with formercheminotsand ‘Sudanese migrants’ on both sides of the border, this article seeks to historicize memories of autochthony and allochthony that have been constructed and contested in postcolonial nation-building projects. The Mali Federation carried the lingering memory of federalist political projects, but it proved untenable only months after the Federation's June 1960 independence from France. When member states declared independence from each other, the internal boundary between Senegal and the Sudanese Republic became an international border between Senegal and the Republic of Mali. In the wake of the collapse, politicians in Bamako and Dakar clamoured to redefine the ‘nation’ and its ‘nationals’ through selective remembering. Thousands ofcheminotsand ‘Sudanese migrants’ who had moved to Senegal from Sudan years (or decades) earlier were suddenly labelled ‘foreigners’ and ‘expatriates’ and faced two governments eager to see them ‘return’ to a hastily proclaimed nation state. This ‘repatriation’ allowed Republic of Mali officials to ‘perform the nation’ by (re)integrating and (re)membering the migrants in a nascent ‘homeland’. But, having circulated between Senegal and Sudan/Mali for decades, ‘Sudanese migrants’ in both states retained and invoked memories of older political communities, upsetting new national priorities. The loss of the Mali Federation raises questions about local, national and international citizenship and movement in mid-century West Africa. Examining the histories invoked to imagine postcolonial political communities, this article offers an insight into the role that memory has played in constructing and contesting the nation's central place in migration histories within Africa and beyond.
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Chattopadhyay, Saayan. "Bengali Masculinity and the National-Masculine". South Asia Research 31, n. 3 (novembre 2011): 265–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026272801103100305.
Abstract (sommario):
This article examines how Bengali masculinity has been negotiated between national and ethnic/local notions of identity and suggests a new way of understanding this issue. Within the specific historiography of Bengali masculinity, concerns regarding physical strength, courage and virility of the Bengali male have been central tropes, challenged by the colonially constructed stereotype of the effeminate Bengali. The present article maps mainly nineteenth century discourses regarding Bengali masculinity and focuses on one particular strategy of three, namely, construction of a mode of mythic-historical discourse to reclaim a supposedly more masculine past for Bengali men. This suggests the notion of national-masculine as a gendered materialisation of the compensatory agency of Bengali masculinity. Shown to occur through the articulation of buddhibal in contrast with bahubal that negotiates with the hegemonic national-masculine, this throws new light on the emerging prominence of the bhadralok concept of a sophisticated Bengali gentleman.
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Wu, Shengqing. "Gendering the Nation: The Proliferation of Images of Zhen Fei (1876-1900) and Sai Jinhua (1872-1936) in Late Qing and Republican China". NAN NÜ 11, n. 1 (2009): 1–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/138768009x12454916571760.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractThis paper analyzes the historical trajectories of the images of Zhen Fei and Sai Jinhua, who rose from an obscure royal concubine and an infamous prostitute, respectively, to become androgynous national heroines in wartime China. The study exposes the construction and the fictional elements of these images, thus providing concrete examples for establishing the interconnection between male fantasy and the invention of the modern national subject. It argues that the female body became the contested site for predominantly male-led discourses on eroticism and politics, and emphasizes that erotic desire may inform or enhance expressions and experiences of the formation of modern nationhood.
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Jackson, Jennie A., David Olsson, Alex Burdorf, Laura Punnett, Bengt Järvholm e Jens Wahlström. "Occupational biomechanical risk factors for radial nerve entrapment in a 13-year prospective study among male construction workers". Occupational and Environmental Medicine 76, n. 5 (8 marzo 2019): 326–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2018-105311.
Abstract (sommario):
ObjectivesThe aim was to assess the association between occupational biomechanical exposure and the occurrence of radial nerve entrapment (RNE) in construction workers over a 13-year follow-up period.MethodsA cohort of 229 707 male construction workers who participated in a national occupational health surveillance programme (1971–1993) was examined prospectively (2001–2013) for RNE. Height, weight, age, smoking status and job title (construction trade) were obtained on health examination. RNE case status was defined by surgical release of RNE, with data from the Swedish national registry for out-patient surgery records. A job exposure matrix was developed, and biomechanical exposure estimates were assigned according to job title. Highly correlated exposures were summed into biomechanical exposure scores. Negative binomial models were used to estimate the relative risks (RR) (incidence rate ratios) of RNE surgical release for the biomechanical factors and exposure sum scores. Predicted incidence was assessed for each exposure score modelled as a continuous variable to assess exposure–response relationships.ResultsThe total incidence rate of surgically treated RNE over the 13-year observation period was 3.53 cases per 100 000 person-years. There were 92 cases with occupational information. Increased risk for RNE was seen in workers with elevated hand-grip forces (RR=1.79, 95% CI 0.97 to 3.28) and exposure to hand-arm vibration (RR=1.47, 95% CI 1.08 to 2.00).ConclusionsOccupational exposure to forceful handgrip work and vibration increased the risk for surgical treatment of RNE.
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Clarke, Sandra. "Noozornyooz?: The Complex Construction of Canadian Identity". Canadian Journal of Linguistics/Revue canadienne de linguistique 51, n. 2-3 (novembre 2006): 225–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008413100004084.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractWe examine the diffusion of a phonological feature, namely the deletion of palatal glides in words such asnews, tune, duke, andstudent. Within Canada, the conservative glided and innovative glideless pronunciations are no longer viewed as carrying, respectively, British versus American affiliation. One observes a steep generational decline in glide usage, with older, and especially upper-middle-class, females, resisting this change. This contrasts with broadcast media, where the overall glide usage rate is high: national media adopt the glided variant to a greater degree than their local counterparts; moreover, male media personnel display more glide retention than females. Both variants index different social meanings: the glided variant is associated with cultural erudition but is nevertheless not the formal target for all groups. Thus, the two variants hold different appeal for different segments of the population, and both are viewed as a prestige target within the same speech community.
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Frydenlund, Iselin, e Eviane Leidig. "Introduction: “Love Jihad”: Sexuality, Reproduction and the Construction of the Predatory Muslim Male". Religions 13, n. 3 (25 febbraio 2022): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel13030201.
Abstract (sommario):
The Introduction to this Special Issue on ‘“Love Jihad”: Sexuality, Reproduction and the Construction of the Predatory Muslim Male’ provides a theoretical overview and suggests an analytical lens for how to understand “Love Jihad” and related notions of Islamization through marriage, sexuality, and reproduction. We define “Love Jihad” as the notion that Muslim men intentionally and strategically allure and entrap non-Muslim women with the intent to marry and convert them to Islam as part of an Islamization project. We suggest a two-fold understanding of the concept of “Love Jihad”. First, the concept needs to be understood as a globalizing trope, originating from India and spreading to a wide range of cultural and national contexts across the world. Second, we propose to understand the specific term “love jihad” beyond its referential specificity, and thereby broadening it into an analytical concept for exploring related concepts (such as “sexual jihad” and “demographic jihad”), as well as related notions of Muslim men as sexual predators (in certain geographical settings known as “rapefugees”). We therefore include in our analysis related notions such as Islamic womb fare, “grooming”, “The Great Replacement”, and “unethical conversion” in marriage where they relate to flows of gendered nationalist imaginaries of the Muslim “Other”. The aim of this Introduction—as well as the Special Issue—is to contribute to the study of Islamophobia as a global phenomenon and to deepen our understanding of the gendered imaginaries of anti-Muslim nationalist formations across the world.
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Soylu Yalcinkaya, Nur, e Glenn Adams. "A Cultural Psychological Model of Cross-National Variation in Gender Gaps in STEM Participation". Personality and Social Psychology Review 24, n. 4 (13 agosto 2020): 345–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1088868320947005.
Abstract (sommario):
Gender gaps in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) participation are larger in societies where women have greater freedom of choice. We provide a cultural psychological model to explain this pattern. We consider how individualistic/post-materialistic cultural patterns in WEIRD (Western, Educated, Industrial, Rich, and Democratic) settings foster a self-expressive construction of academic choice, whereby affirming femininity/masculinity and ensuring identity fit become primary goals. Striving to fulfill these goals can lead men toward, and women away from, STEM pursuit, resulting in a large gender gap. In Majority World settings, on the contrary, collectivistic/materialistic cultural patterns foster a security-oriented construction, whereby achieving financial security and fulfilling relational expectations become primary goals of academic choice. These goals can lead both women and men toward secure and lucrative fields like STEM, resulting in a smaller gender gap. Finally, gender gaps in STEM participation feed back into the STEM=male stereotype. We discuss the implications of our model for research and theory, and intervention and policy.
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Najmabadi, Afsaneh. "The Erotic Vaṭan [Homeland] as Beloved and Mother: To Love, To Possess, and To Protect". Comparative Studies in Society and History 39, n. 3 (luglio 1997): 442–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417500020727.
Abstract (sommario):
Modern nations have often been explicitly imagined through familial metaphors. In particular, the construction of the national community as a brotherhood (a fraternity) has pointed both to the centrality of male bonding in the production of nationalist sentiment and to the exclusion of women from the social contract. Within that contract not only were women “subject to men's power; it also implied complementary bonds between men;… women had no place in the new political and social order except as markers of social relations between men.”Hunt's observation recalls Sedgwick's analysis of how male bonding is mediated through the figure of woman. In nationalist discourse representing the homeland as a female body has often been used to construct a national identity based on male bonding among a nation of brothers.
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Al-Qadumi, Adbel-Naser A. "Constructing Norms of Some Dynamic Pulmonary Measures of Male Physical Education Majors at An-Najah National University". Journal of Educational & Psychological Sciences 06, n. 03 (1 settembre 2005): 225–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.12785/jeps/060309.
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Joseph, A., J. Yanagida, X. Huang, P. Ranganathan, M. Laurie, H. Xian e S. Eisen. "AB0128 CONSTRUCTION OF THE VETERANS AFFAIRS NATIONAL RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS DATABASE (VANRAD)". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (19 maggio 2021): 1092.3–1093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2519.
Abstract (sommario):
Background:The Department of Veterans Affairs (DVA) provides comprehensive medical care at minimal or no cost to 9 million veterans annually through 170 medical centers and 1074 outpatient clinics across the United States. In 1999, the DVA established a national, fully integrated electronic health record (EHR), which now includes approximately 24 million veterans. However, few studies have used VA EHR data to examine the validity of diagnoses of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Objectives:Develop a validated, national database (VANRAD) of patients with RA who received VA care since International Classification of Diseases, tenth revision (ICD-10) coding was introduced in 2015. The database will provide infrastructure for retrospective and prospective research to address the ‘real-world’ care of patients with RA.Methods:Patients with the following criteria were identified from the VA EHR as of October 2, 2020: (a) ≥1 ICD-10 diagnosis code of RA; (b) treatment with ≥1 disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD); (c) ≥2 VA rheumatology clinic visits; and (d) ≥1 rheumatoid factor (RF) or anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (aCCP) antibody test result. From this group, 553 EHRs were randomly selected for review. The ‘gold standard’ for the diagnosis of RA was the treating rheumatologist’s diagnosis, documented in the EHR.Results:27,482 patients met eligibility criteria. Sociodemographic characteristics were: 85.6% male, mean age of 69.7 years (y) (SD=10.9 y; range=21.9 y to 100.5 y), 76.4% white, 17.0% African American; and mean VA care duration 14.1 y (SD=5.3 y, range=0.04 y to 20.0 y).For patients with ≥1 RF or aCCP test, the positive predictive value (PPV) for RA ranged from 65.3% (aCCP-/RF-) to 95.8% (aCCP+/RF+); rheumatologists’ likelihood of a ‘possible’ diagnosis was higher if the aCCP test result was negative or not available (Table 1). Excluding patients with a second rheumatologic diagnosis did not improve PPV results (data not shown).Table 1.Proportion of patients with a valid RA diagnosis1 as a function of RF and aCCP laboratory resultsTest ResultaCCPNot Available (0)2Negative (-)Positive (+)TotalRheumatoid FactorNot Available (0)(N = 1253)3N 427N 1,159N 1,586RA4 89.7%RA 98.2%RA 93.5%Poss5 RA 5.9%Poss RA 0.0%Poss RA 3.2%Negative (-)N 810N 5,308N 2,005N 8,123RA 86.3%RA 65.3%RA 94.5%RA 80.7%Poss RA 3.9%Poss RA 11.9%Poss RA 0.0%Poss RA 5.8%Positive (+)N 2,229N 2,566N 12,978N 17,773RA 94.6%RA 78.0%RA 95.8%RA 87.6%Poss RA 0.0%Poss RA 8.5%Poss RA 2.1%Poss RA 4.3%TotalN 3,039N 8.301N 16,142N 27,482RA 90.7%RA 76.1%RA 95.9%RA 85.9%Poss RA 1.9%Poss RA 9.2%Poss RA 0.5%Poss RA 4.7%1Diagnosis given by the treating rheumatologist.2No test results available or test results available but without normal range values.31,253 patients without available or interpretable RF or aCCP excluded from initial cohort.4Percent of 553 charts reviewed confirmed as RA.5Poss RA = Possible RA. Patients met our inclusion criteria but the treating rheumatologist never made definitive diagnosis of RA or alternative diagnosis (from 553 charts reviewed).The percentage of RA-confirmed patients with one test not available, whose complementary test was negative (RF0/aCCP- or RF-/aCCP0), was greater than of patients for whom both tests were negative (RF-/aCCP-). This suggests our data extraction methods may be incomplete or that unidentified bias may be present and warrants further study.Conclusion:Our methodology for constructing an RA database by selecting patients with ≥2 rheumatology clinic visits, ≥1 ICD-10 diagnosis of RA, and treatment with ≥1 DMARD, has high positive predictive value for RA. Positive RF and aCCP test results were strong predictors of rheumatologists’ diagnostic certainty for an RA diagnosis. Thus, the VANRAD database and the associated EHR provide opportunity for a wide range of retrospective observational and prospective longitudinal studies based on ‘real-world’ patient care.References:[1]Ng B, et al. Arthritis Care Res 2012;64:1490-6; Hanly JG, et al. Open Access Rheumatol 2015;7:69-75.Acknowledgements:This study was sponsored by Bristol Myers Squibb.Disclosure of Interests:Amy Joseph Speakers bureau: Speakers bureau in the distant past., Grant/research support from: Bristol Myers Squibb, Jodi Yanagida: None declared, Xinliang Huang: None declared, Prabha Ranganathan: None declared, Melissa Laurie Shareholder of: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Employee of: I am currently employed by Bristol Myers Squibb., Hong Xian Grant/research support from: Bristol Myers Squibb Co., Seth Eisen Grant/research support from: The effort presented in this Abstract was supported with funds provided by Bristol-Meyers Squibb.
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Chapman, Janine, Ann M. Roche, Vinita Duraisingam, Brooke Ledner, Jim Finnane e Ken Pidd. "Exploring the relationship between psychological distress and likelihood of help seeking in construction workers: The role of talking to workmates and knowing how to get help". Work 67, n. 1 (20 ottobre 2020): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-203251.
Abstract (sommario):
BACKGROUND: Mental health problems are prevalent in male-dominated industries such as construction, where suicide rates are higher than the population average and help seeking is typically low. OBJECTIVE: To examine psychological distress in Australian construction workers and its relationship with help seeking via two hypothesised mediators: confidence in knowing how to get help and confidence in talking to workmates about mental health issues. METHODS: Workers (N = 511) completed a survey that assessed psychological distress, likelihood of help seeking, and confidence in knowing how to get help and talking to workmates. Bootstrapped multiple mediation analysis was performed using the PROCESS macro for SPSS. RESULTS: Psychological distress was higher than national estimates and most prevalent in men aged 25–44. Controlling for age and ability to recognise personal signs of mental health problems, psychological distress negatively predicted likelihood of help seeking. This relationship was partially mediated by knowing how to get help and confidence in talking to workmates. CONCLUSIONS: Results highlight the need to redress and mitigate mental health problems among high-risk groups of male workers. It provides useful guidance on multilevel workplace strategies to reduce stigma, enhance confidence and comfort in the process of seeking help and support in construction and other male-dominated industries.
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Stella, Simona, Dario Consonni, Enrica Migliore, Antonella Stura, Domenica Cavone, Luigi Vimercati, Lucia Miligi et al. "Pleural mesothelioma risk in the construction industry: a case–control study in Italy, 2000–2018". BMJ Open 13, n. 8 (agosto 2023): e073480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073480.
Abstract (sommario):
ObjectivesWorkers in the construction industry have been exposed to asbestos in various occupations. In Italy, a National Mesothelioma Registry has been implemented more than 20 years ago. Using cases selected from this registry and exploiting existing control data sets, we estimated relative risks for pleural mesothelioma (PM) among construction workers.DesignCase–control study.SettingCases from the National Mesothelioma Registry (2000–2018), controls from three previous case–control studies.MethodsWe selected male PM incident cases diagnosed in 2000–2018. Population controls were taken from three studies performed in six Italian regions within two periods (2002–2004 and 2012–2016). Age-adjusted and period-adjusted unconditional logistic regression models were fitted to estimate odds ratios (OR) for occupations in the construction industry. We followed two approaches, one (primary) excluding and the other (secondary) including subjects employed in other non-construction blue collar occupations for >5 years. For both approaches, we performed an overall analysis including all cases and, given the incomplete temporal and geographic overlap of cases and controls, three time or/and space restricted sensitivity analyses.ResultsThe whole data set included 15 592 cases and 2210 controls. With the primary approach (4797 cases and 1085 controls), OR was 3.64 (2181 cases) for subjects ever employed in construction. We found elevated risks for blue-collar occupations (1993 cases, OR 4.52), including bricklayers (988 cases, OR 7.05), general construction workers (320 cases, OR 4.66), plumbers and pipe fitters (305 cases, OR 9.13), painters (104 cases, OR 2.17) and several others. Sensitivity analyses yielded very similar findings. Using the secondary approach, we observed similar patterns, but ORs were remarkably lower.ConclusionsWe found markedly increased PM risks for most occupations in the construction industry. These findings are relevant for compensation of subjects affected with mesothelioma in the construction industry.
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Anwar, Noureen, e Zahida Hussain. "THE CONSTRUCTION OF GENDER AND IDENTITIES IN PTB ENGLISH TEXTBOOKS OF SINGLE NATIONAL CURRICULUM". Inception - Journal of Languages and Literature 1, n. 2 (28 dicembre 2021): 35–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.36755/ijll.v1i2.33.
Abstract (sommario):
The study's main goal is to investigate the relevance between the objectives set by the government of Pakistan behind the implementation of the single national curriculum and the presented content in the English textbooks (Grade 2-5) of Punjab Textbook Board under SNC criteria. The study looks at how the English textbooks (PTB) can help people achieve the said three objectives out of seven, such as, upward social mobility, conforming to international trends, and equity in education. This study aims to focus whether the content of PTB English textbooks (Grade 2-5) is appropriate to meet the expected objectivity through the perspective of gender representation, which is very much significant to develop a balanced society. The study is not being taken up under the umbrella of feminist movement but in the context of observing neutrality among the gender representation that will ultimately lead to obtain the said objectives. It’s a scientifically recognized fact that the early stage of cognitive development plays a major role in constructing the individuals’ ideologies, gender-based concepts and their roles in society. This study aims to examine the gender representation and portrayal of male and female through their occupational roles, home chores, sports and social activities and adjectives used to describe them. A mixed method approach as a research method has been chosen for the project, Chi square test has been applied to the quantitative data to examine the difference between observed frequencies and expected frequencies of gender representation through determined categories in the content of the English textbooks (Grade 2-5) of PTB. The results revealed that women in English textbooks (Grade 2-5) of PTB are underrepresented as men are more depicted in number of occupational and social roles and they are not responsible for domestic chores, they have been presented as providers and women have been shown as helpers and delicate creature of the society. At the end of this research some recommendations are suggested required to the content and solutions to the existing issues in these books to make it more fruitful and a balanced one.
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Noureen Anwar e Zahida Hussain. "THE CONSTRUCTION OF GENDER AND IDENTITIES IN PTB ENGLISH TEXTBOOKS OF SINGLE NATIONAL CURRICULUM". Inception - Journal of Languages and Literature 1, n. 2 (26 dicembre 2021): 35–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.36755/ijll.v1i2.20.
Abstract (sommario):
The study's main goal is to investigate the relevance between the objectives set by the government of Pakistan behind the implementation of the single national curriculum and the presented content in the English textbooks (Grade 2-5) of Punjab Textbook Board under SNC criteria. The study looks at how the English textbooks (PTB) can help people achieve the said three objectives out of seven, such as, upward social mobility, conforming to international trends, and equity in education. This study aims to focus whether the content of PTB English textbooks (Grade 2-5) is appropriate to meet the expected objectivity through the perspective of gender representation, which is very much significant to develop a balanced society. The study is not being taken up under the umbrella of feminist movement but in the context of observing neutrality among the gender representation that will ultimately lead to obtain the said objectives. It’s a scientifically recognized fact that the early stage of cognitive development plays a major role in constructing the individuals’ ideologies, gender-based concepts and their roles in society. This study aims to examine the gender representation and portrayal of male and female through their occupational roles, home chores, sports and social activities and adjectives used to describe them. A mixed method approach as a research method has been chosen for the project, Chi square test has been applied to the quantitative data to examine the difference between observed frequencies and expected frequencies of gender representation through determined categories in the content of the English textbooks (Grade 2-5) of PTB. The results revealed that women in English textbooks (Grade 2-5) of PTB are underrepresented as men are more depicted in number of occupational and social roles and they are not responsible for domestic chores, they have been presented as providers and women have been shown as helpers and delicate creature of the society. At the end of this research some recommendations are suggested required to the content and solutions to the existing issues in these books to make it more fruitful and a balanced one.
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Katz, Marion Holmes. "WOMEN'S MAWLID PERFORMANCES IN SANAA AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF “POPULAR ISLAM”". International Journal of Middle East Studies 40, n. 3 (agosto 2008): 484a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743808081397.
Abstract (sommario):
Muslim women have often cultivated ritual activities that fall outside the framework of normative Islam as defined by elite male scholars, activities that are frequently characterized as “popular” Islam. Although it proves problematic to define “popular Islam” as a rigorous analytic category, it is important to recognize that different groups of Muslims (including the uneducated, the poor, rural populations, and women) have had differential ability to assert their religious practices as “correct” Islam. The idea of popular Islam has played an important role within Islamic tradition as scholars strove to stigmatize practices such as the mawlid (celebration of the Prophet Muhammad's birthday) as customs of the unlettered masses. In contemporary Sanaa, Yemen, professional female mawlid chanters take different approaches to affirming the religious value of the mawlid celebration, one of which casts it as “folk Islam” in the context of a newly valorized national heritage.
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Hills, Stephen M. "The Attitudes of Union and Nonunion Male Workers toward Union Representation". ILR Review 38, n. 2 (gennaio 1985): 179–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979398503800202.
Abstract (sommario):
This study finds striking differences in attitudes toward union representation between union and nonunion workers in the U.S. labor force. Data from the National Longitudinal Survey of 1980 show that if a certification election were held at the workplace of the men aged 28 to 38 who were sampled, 87 percent of those already covered by a union contract said they would vote for union representation, whereas only 27 percent of the nonunion workers said they would do so. Among the nonunion workers, however, attitudes differed sharply by race and industry, as pro-union attitudes were more widespread among blacks than whites and among workers in government and construction than those in other industries. The author tested the effect of several possible determinants of attitudes, such as degree of job satisfaction, occupation, pay rate, and region of residence. Many of these factors were significantly related to union attitudes, but including them in a multivariate analysis did little to change the differences in attitude across industries.
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Hersh, Marion A., e Michael A. Johnson. "A Robotic Guide for Blind People Part 2: Gender and National Analysis of a Multi-National Survey and the Application of the Survey Results and the Cat Model to Framing Robot Design Specifications". Applied Bionics and Biomechanics 9, n. 1 (2012): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/869764.
Abstract (sommario):
This paper presents a gender and country-based analysis of the results of a multi-national survey questionnaire on the attitudes, requirements and preferences of blind and visually impaired people for a robotic guide. This is introduced by a brief summary of the findings of the survey introduced and reported in Part 1 and a brief overview of some of the technologies that are currently used in the construction of mobile robotic guides. An analysis of the gender dimension revealed very few differences in preferences or requirements between male and female respondents. There was also considerable commonality of preferences and requirements across the four countries, France, Italy, Spain and the UK, for which the comparative analysis was carried out. This implies that, at least initially, one robotic guide can be developed to be used in a number of different countries and by both women and men. The survey results were then applied to develop design specifications for a mobile robotic guide for blind and visually impaired people. The framework of the Comprehensive Assistive Technology (CAT) model developed by the authors was used to organise the information and structure the development of the design specifications. Further work will involve the construction of design mock-ups to implement the design specifications and their investigation with end-users to choose a design for further development.
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Giuliani, Gaia. "Razza cagna:mondomovies, the white heterosexual male gaze, and the 1960s–1970s imaginary of the nation". Modern Italy 23, n. 4 (24 ottobre 2018): 429–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mit.2018.32.
Abstract (sommario):
This article investigates the role, reception, and socio-cultural, political relevance ofmondomovies in the context of late 1950s–early 1980s film and documentary. Themondogenre debuted with reportage films about sexuality in Europe and reached its pinnacle with Gualtiero Jacopetti’s assemblage films. The historical context in which this genre evolved, and white masculinity was rearticulated and positioned at the centre of the national imagined community, is mapped focusing both on gender and race constructions and on thegazeidentifying, encoding and decoding the sensationalist presentation of postcolonial/ decolonising Otherness. A brief review of some of the author’s published work on 1962–1971mondomovies introducesCannibal Holocaust(1979) and director Ruggero Deodato’s controversial reflection on the white, capitalist, sexist, Western and neo-colonial anthropological gaze.
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Ferrari, Federica. "In lack of ‘Will’? Strategic ‘Future-ness’ and Barack Obama’s experiment: From intention negotiation to will creation and political action in Barack Obama’s e-mail campaigning". Time & Society 27, n. 2 (1 settembre 2015): 195–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961463x15596702.
Abstract (sommario):
Time is conventionally conceptualized in terms of space, also affecting the articulation of identity. The relation between time, space and identity will be discussed through theoretically questioning the formal expression of future time, and particularly “will” future, in English to observe its potential cognitive and pragmatic implications – i.e. how ‘future-ness’ can become “strategic” – on identity construction – cf. “progressive identity” – and persuasion. Barack Obama’s e-mail campaigning (2008–2010) is used as a case in point. More specifically, the articulation of ‘future-ness’ emerging here suggests interesting consequences on national and political identity construction and consent creation. If the consistent use of new information and communication technologies has been crucial in determining Barack Obama’s communicative fortune, his rhetorical style (inclusive rhetoric, progressive logic, conceptual reframing) has also been undoubtedly significant in the construction of his audience consent, at least in the first part of his Presidency. But the question is, how this progressive logic comes to be specifically constructed and articulated along with the audience involvement? The present article focuses on some persuasive instances observable in Barack Obama’s e-mail campaigning (2008–2010) to reason on the discoursal move the President suggests from intention negotiation to will creation and political action. More specifically, it will investigate the discoursal construction of ‘progressive identity’, ideological change and involvement creation before and after the elections. Additionally, the strategic use of the shifting from public/institutional to private sphere will also be taken into account as a specific medium-driven characteristic. In this respect, particularly significant has come out to be the articulation of ‘future-ness’ as identity projection, which is in turn continuously negotiated amongst the subjects of the discourse.
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Sultana, Nahid, Jannatul Ferdousi e Md Shahidullah. "Health Problems among Women Building Construction Workers". Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist 9, n. 1 (30 marzo 2015): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v9i1.22793.
Abstract (sommario):
Back ground: Construction industry is one of the stable growing industries world over, including Bangladesh. In Dhaka city there are many construction sites, where workers are exposed to hazardous condition, specially the female workers. Throughout the world, over 90% of construction workers are male. In some developing countries, the proportion of women is higher. In Bangladesh their number is increasing day by day. Objective: To explore the health problems among the women building construction workers Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 134 female construction workers. Data was collected through face to face interview by using prefixed questionnaire. The study was conducted from September 2011 to December 2012 in the Department of Community medicine, Dhaka National Medical College, Dhaka. The subjects were selected from different building construction sites of old Dhaka city. Results: It was observed that among 134 respondents, majority 96(71.6%) of the women construction worker were brick breaker and 38(28.3%) were weight carrier. Their mean age was 38.29±6.9 years. Most workers 110 (82.1%) had different types of skin problem. The proportion of skin problems was found to be high among the weight carrier and the difference was statistically highly significant (pOE .001). 89(66.5%) respondents had urinary tract infection, 66(49.3%) had constipation and 24(17.9%) complaint uterine prolapse. Among the total respondents 68(58.2%) complain of backache. The workers who complain of backache, 52(54.1%) were brick breaker and 16(42.1%) were weight carrier. 79 (58.9%) respondents used personal protective equipments, among them 61(77.2%) used self made hand gloves and 38(48.1%) used folded towel to carry weight. Besides of the total respondents 117(87.3%) complain of different types of respiratory problem. Conclusion: The study concludes that different types of skin diseases are present among female construction workers that might be attributable to exposure to hot humid working environment. Besides pain full micturation, uterine prolapse, low backache and respiratory problem were found among them which might need special attention. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v9i1.22793 Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2014, June; 9(1): 31-36
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Siddique, Rumana. "“WO”man of the People:". Crossings: A Journal of English Studies 8 (1 agosto 2017): 179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.59817/cjes.v8i.143.
Abstract (sommario):
Gendered assumptions of nationalism have been an integral part of liberation and post-liberation theory and fiction resulting in the construction of disempowered national identities for women in the modern African states. The narratives of idealization and mythologizing sketch women in the developing literary canvas as symbolic or biological figures who had no active social or political roles or voices. This paper focuses on how gender roles in national identity and nation-building have evolved in the works of the major male African writer Chinua Achebe. It examines the narratives that have reinforced or challenged Achebe with particular focus on how the portrayal of women in his final novel stands him as a progressive in terms of a new vision of the role and space of women in modern Africa.
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Shahril, Mohd Izwan, Abdul Alim Suyoto, Tomoliyus Sumardi, Cerika Rismayanthi Round e Wahyu Dwi Yulianto Safaun. "Content validity and reliability of agility test in wheelchair tennis". Retos 55 (25 aprile 2024): 665–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v55.101929.
Abstract (sommario):
Purpose. This study aims to develop the construction of an agility test in wheelchair tennis. Material and methods.This research is a research development consisting of four stages. In the first stage, documents and research journals were analyzed to develop the construction of a wheelchair tennis agility test. The first step resulted in six aspects, namely: the definition of the agility test motion aspect, the suitability of the test to the state of the match aspect, ease in the agility test aspect, reliability aspect, clarity instructions on the image aspect, and security aspect. The Delphi technique was used in the second stage, and experts assessed the results of constructing the wheelchair tennis agility test in the first stage. In the third stage, the results of expert judgment with the Aiken formula were analyzed to test the validity of the contents. Participants in this study were documents and seven experts consisting of five national coaches and two experts with Doctoral degrees in tennis science specifications. The fourth step with Cronbach’s Alpha reliability test and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient was tested on 16 experienced wheelchair athletes, male and female, with the age of 18-40 years and an average training level of 11.20±1.7 years.Results. The validity test results on aspect 1 show V value of 0.78; on aspect 2 show V value of 0.90; on aspect 3 show V value of 0.85; on aspect 4 show V value of 0.96; on aspect 5 show V value of 0.96; and on aspect 6 show V value of 0.96. The result of Croncbach’s Alpha reliability test is 0.804, and the value of the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient is 0.804. Then, the agility test of wheelchair tennis athletes has a valid and reliable value.Conclusions. The wheelchair tennis agility test construct has high validity and reliability. The construction document of the wheelchair tennis agility test instrument shows that it has high content validity and reliability, so it can convince readers and researchers about the instrument. Further research requires more detailed testing of retest test conducted with larger samples. Key words: wheelchair tennis, content validity, agility, physical
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Xiao, Ewen. "Male Intellectuals Gender Narratives in Chinese Left-Wing Films of the 1930s". Communications in Humanities Research 1, n. 1 (21 dicembre 2021): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/chr.iceipi.2021195.
Abstract (sommario):
This paper analyzes the gender narratives in left-wing films produced during 1930s through the feminist perspective. Specifically, it explores male intellectuals gender narratives in these films and how these narratives act as an ideological resource that was instrumental in constructing the subject identity of the proletariat and the national identity under the background of Second Sino-Japanese War. Unlike male intellectuals that were depicted as the propagator of new ideas and the torchbearers of the masses during 1910s-1920s, male intellectuals in the left-wing films of 1930s predominantly featured as playing second fiddle to the proletariat and their dominant roles in the New Culture Movement began to diminish. Subsequently, male intellectuals within left wing cinema were featured as a group that needed to be changed and educated by the proletariat and too, were dependent on the proletariat for their cultural and moral liberation.
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Fukuma, Shingo, Mitsuru Mukaigawara, Toshiaki Iizuka e Yusuke Tsugawa. "Impact of the national health guidance intervention for obesity and cardiovascular risks on healthcare utilisation and healthcare spending in working-age Japanese cohort: regression discontinuity design". BMJ Open 12, n. 7 (luglio 2022): e056996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056996.
Abstract (sommario):
ObjectivesIncreases in obesity and cardiovascular diseases contribute to rapidly growing healthcare expenditures in many countries. However, little is known about whether the population-level health guidance intervention for obesity and cardiovascular risk factors is associated with reduced healthcare utilisation and spending. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of population-level health guidance intervention introduced nationally in Japan on healthcare utilisation and spending.DesignRetrospective cohort study, using a quasiexperimental regression discontinuity design.SettingJapan’s nationwide employment-based health insurers.ParticipantsParticipants in the national health screening programme (from January 2014 to December 2014) aged 40–74 years.PredictorsAssignment to health guidance intervention (counselling on healthy lifestyles, and referral to physicians as needed) determined primarily on whether the individual’s waist circumference was above or below the cut-off value in addition to having at least one cardiovascular risk factor.Primary and secondary outcome measuresHealthcare utilisation (the number of outpatient visits days, any medication use and any hospitalisation use) and spending (total medical expenditure, outpatient medical expenditure and inpatient medical expenditure) within 3 years of the intervention.ResultsA total of 51 213 individuals within the bandwidth (±6 cm of waist circumference from the cut-off) out of 113 302 screening participants (median age 50.0 years, 11.9% woman) were analysed. We found that the assignment to the national health guidance intervention was associated with fewer outpatient visit days (−1.3 days; 95% CI, −11.4 to −0.5 days; p=0.03). We found no evidence that the assignment to the health guidance intervention was associated with changes in medication or hospitalisation use, or healthcare spending.ConclusionAmong working-age, male-focused Japanese from a health insurer of companies of civil engineering and construction, the national health guidance intervention might be associated with a decline in outpatient visits, with no change in medication/hospitalisation use or healthcare spending.
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Wijayasiri, K. D. C. U., S. W. Wimalasekera, S. Sivayogan, H. Waidyasekara e Y. Ishikawa. "Physiological profile of Sri Lankan male long distance runners and sprinters competing at national level and university level; a descriptive study". Galle Medical Journal 26, n. 2 (14 agosto 2021): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/gmj.v26i2.8087.
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Mwangi, Evan. "Masculinity and nationalism in East African hip-hop music". Tydskrif vir Letterkunde 41, n. 2 (20 aprile 2018): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tvl.v41i2.29671.
Abstract (sommario):
East African music aligns itself with nationalistic desires while attempting to create a transnational and regional agenda that goes beyond individual nation-states. Hip-hop music appears at pains to define itself as different from the western art-forms with which it is hastily associated by instantiating localized forms and creating a different locution. This paper surveys East African hip-hop to demonstrate that the music is a productive site upon which the local, the national, and the global contest and negotiate. We demonstrate that central to the music's identity politics is the notion of masculinity, in which the construction of community is interpreted as a masculine enterprise. The audiences also invest the music with political and nationalist meanings that are fraught with sexualized readings. On the whole, the music rejects hostile nationalism but male artists tend to represent women negatively in their grand national, regional, and pan-African projects. Indirectly indicating the depth of the hegemonic masculinism they operate under, women artistes express a desire to deconstruct male constructs. At the same time they suggest that, in spite of themselves, their critique has to be cautious and subtle.
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Misman, Norealyna, Hamedi Mohd Adnan e Amira Saryati Firdaus. "‘The Devil Other’: Crime News Discourses and Foreign Nationals in Malaysia". Jurnal Pengajian Media Malaysia 21, n. 1 (31 maggio 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/jpmm.vol21no1.1.
Abstract (sommario):
Crime news is considered as the most salient news among Malaysian. For the past 10 years, the relationship between the increasing number of foreign nationals in Malaysia and the increasing crime rate/crime reporting become and issue discussed from the grass root to the members of the Malaysian parliament. This article analyses recent news discourses surrounding foreign nationals in Malaysian crime reporting. Four English language daily newspapers are investigated over the year of 2016 which are The Star, The New Straits Times, The Sun, and The Malay Mail. The paper argues that foreign nationals is the ‘ideal’ other which cause them to be associated to various negativity. Constructing foreign nationals as problematic, deviant, and as ‘the devil’ can be discussed as an act to fit with the hegemonic idea that foreign nationals as a major threat to the public socially, economically, and environmentally. The paper also explores the various issues/stories highlighted in the local crime news involving foreign nationals that draw new landscapes of Malaysian social pattern.
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McCarry, Melanie, Marianne Hester e Catherine Donovan. "Researching Same Sex Domestic Violence: Constructing a Survey Methodology". Sociological Research Online 13, n. 1 (gennaio 2008): 174–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.1650.
Abstract (sommario):
The article discusses the issues and problems that need to be addressed in the development of a comprehensive survey approach to explore same sex domestic violence in relationships involving individuals identifying as lesbian, gay male, bisexual, transgender or queer (LGBT&Q). It draws on the most detailed study to date in the UK comparing love and domestic violence in same-sex and heterosexual relationships. The survey methodology built on previous research, attempting in particular to overcome the limitations of earlier studies; and to produce data that could be compared with existing data on domestic violence in both heterosexual and LGBT&Q communities. The result was a questionnaire that reflected a wide range of abusive behaviours; examined impact of the violence alongside a quantification of particular acts; took into account experience of violence from a partner, as well as use of violence against that partner; and incorporated issues related to equality/inequality and dependency. The questionnaire was successfully distributed across the UK to provide a national ‘same sex community’ survey of problems in relationships and domestic violence.
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Hong, Jeesoon. "Christian Education and the Construction of Female Gentility in Modern East Asia". Religions 10, n. 8 (6 agosto 2019): 467. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel10080467.
Abstract (sommario):
This study explores the relationship between Christian education and the construction of female gentility in East Asia around the turn of the twentieth century. Because American missionary schools played an important role in the region, notions of female gentility were greatly influenced by the cultural values of the American middle class and, more specifically, American liberal arts colleges. The notion of the “new gentlewoman” helps to illuminate modern Protestant womanhood’s ambiguous relationship with feminism and nationalism. Recognizing that the Protestant notion of “female gentility” was internally racialized, in this study, I also pay attention to the question of race. While the scope of my research spans East Asia, in this paper, I examine Christian education in China, focusing specifically on Yenching Women’s College. I compare the college’s educational goals and curricula to the pedagogy at the male college of Yenching, the governmental women’s college, and other female colleges in Japan and Korea. In this study, I approach East Asia as a whole for several reasons: first, because a broader view of the region helps put the Chinese case into perspective; second, because the region was often dealt with together in missionary work; and lastly, because national differences cannot be assumed to be more substantial than other differences, such as those based on gender, class, generation, period, and province.
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Åse, Cecilia. "En nationell njutning: Kropp och kön i kungliga årsböcker". Tidskrift för genusvetenskap 27, n. 1 (14 giugno 2022): 59–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.55870/tgv.v27i1.3973.
Abstract (sommario):
This article analyses how representations of gender, sexuality and women's bodies are intertwined with constructions of national identity in Swedish contemporary discourse on monarchy. A number of royal yearbooks from the period 1973- 2000 are studied. These books deal with happenings within the royal family during the passed year, from visits of state and the Nobel Prize ceremonies, to anniversaries and children's birthdays. Their content is conventional, sentimental and banal. As an institution monarchy is dependent upon the royal family successfully reproducing itself. In the yearbooks it is clear how the female body is made to reproduce both the Swedish monarchy and conceptions of the Swedish nation. Through the body giving birth, a sense of national community and populär participation is established, and royal children are considered being bom for the sake of the nation, for "our" sake. While women's bodies are necessary for reproducing monarchy, the Swedish nation is represented and symbolized by a male head of state, the king. The queen is given another function. In the studied yearbooks the queens body and her proclaimed physical beautyareused asmeansofconstructingand legitimating the heterosexuality and virility both of her husband and of the national community. This means that national identity is linked to a male sexual desire of a (beautiful) female body. One important conclusion is that monarchy naturalises established conceptions of history, gender, heterosexuality and corporeality at the same time as these conceptions also naturalise monarchy. This reproduces a nationalistic and heteronormative national identity. It also supports the emotional and sentimental underpinnings of national identity by means of making an identification with the royal family appear totally natural: "they" are ordinary people just like "us".
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Van Dyke, Nella, Doug McAdam e Brenda Wilhelm. "Gendered Outcomes: Gender Differences in The Biographical Consequences of Activism". Mobilization: An International Quarterly 5, n. 2 (1 settembre 2000): 161–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17813/maiq.5.2.a609t7l80077617k.
Abstract (sommario):
This article examines the gendered effects of movement participation on the subsequent lives of activists. We hypothesize that movement participation will have a differential effect on the lives of men and women both because they have different activist experiences by virtue of their gender and because the movements of the New Left questioned the gendered construction of the traditional life course. Using a national random sample, we employ logistic regression and event history models to examine the differences in employment, marriage, and childbirth patterns of men and women who participated in New Left social movements. We hypothesize that New Left activism will have affected the lives of both male and female activists, but that the effect will be stronger for women. The analyses generally confirm this hypothesis. We find significant differences in the influence of social movement participation on the economic, marital, and parenting histories of male and female activists.
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Windsor-Shellard, Ben, e David Gunnell. "Occupation-specific suicide risk in England: 2011–2015". British Journal of Psychiatry 215, n. 04 (1 aprile 2019): 594–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2019.69.
Abstract (sommario):
BackgroundPrevious research has documented marked occupational differences in suicide risk, but these estimates are 10 years old and based on potentially biased risk assessments.AimsTo investigate occupation-specific suicide mortality in England, 2011–2015.MethodEstimation of indirectly standardised mortality rates for occupations/occupational groups based on national data.ResultsAmong males the highest risks were seen in low-skilled occupations, particularly construction workers (standardised mortality ratio [SMR] 369, 95% CI 333–409); low-skilled workers comprised 17% (1784/10 688) of all male suicides (SMR 144, 95% CI 137–151). High risks were also seen among skilled trade occupations (SMR 135 95% CI 130–139; 29% of male suicides). There was no evidence of increased risk among some occupations previously causing concern: male healthcare professionals and farmers. Among females the highest risks were seen in artists (SMR 399, 95% CI 244–616) and bar staff (SMR 182, 95% CI 123–260); nurses also had an increased risk (SMR 123, 95% CI 104–145). People in creative occupations and the entertainment industry – artists (both genders), musicians (males) and actors (males) – were at increased risk, although the absolute numbers of deaths in these occupations were low. In males (SMR 192, 95% CI 165–221) and females (SMR 170, 95% CI 149–194), care workers were at increased risk and had a considerable number of suicide deaths.ConclusionsSpecific contributors to suicide in high-risk occupations should be identified and measures – such as workplace-based interventions – put in place to mitigate this risk. The construction industry seems to be an important target for preventive interventions.Declaration of interestNone.
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عزب, خالد, e شيماء السايح. "الجامع الكبير بجزر الملاديف (The Foundation Text of the Old Mosque of Male)". Abgadiyat 6, n. 1 (2011): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22138609-90000009.
Abstract (sommario):
The Old Mosque of Male, which is known by the Old Friday Mosque of Male, is one of the most important mosques in Male. It was constructed in CE 1656 by Sultan Ibrahim Iskandar I. This Mosque remains in the minds of the Maldivian people because of its unique works of traditional art. The stone and wooden structures in the interior of the Mosque of Male are decorated with intricately carved designs and inscriptions. The inscriptions are mainly in two languages; Arabic and Dhivehi. Some historical facts about the construction of this Mosque are also inscribed. These inscriptions are quotations from the Holy Quran and the sayings of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). Some of these inscriptions spell out the main duties assigned to the Imams and to the other members holding various offices in the Mosque. The inscription discussed in this research were discovered during the renovation of the ceiling of the Mosque in CE 1964. This inscription written on an old wooden plaque, prove that the first Friday Mosque built by Sultan Mohamed bin Abdulla (CE 1141-1166), stood in that place. This plaque is at present in the National Museum. (Please note that this article is in Arabic).
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Nir, Adam. "Can Pedagogical Considerations Overcome Political Constraints? Principals’ Perceptions of Leading in a Divided Community". Journal of Contemporary Issues in Education 15, n. 2 (14 dicembre 2020): 85–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.20355/jcie29422.
Abstract (sommario):
The current study focuses on the implications that followed the construction of a Wall separating East and West Jerusalem for Arab school leaders leading schools located in East Jerusalem. Specifically, it focuses on the following question: can pedagogical considerations overcome political constraints? The study is based on an analysis of nineteen in-depth interviews conducted with thirteen male and six female public school principals leading East Jerusalem schools. Interviews reveal that the daily reality of East Jerusalem school leaders is made of constraints and opposing demands, forcing them to constantly struggle with immense role conflicts. Three main themes reflect the implications which followed the construction of the Wall for pedagogical and managerial considerations and conduct: restricted control, deception, and the national identity enigma. The dependency-separation blend characterizing the daily reality of Arab school leaders in East Jerusalem creates forces that are beyond their control and influence. It appears that school leaders’ abilities to survive these limitations and obstacles mainly depends on their political skills and capabilities to maneuver among conflicting demands. Pedagogical knowledge and professional considerations come second.
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Li, Zhilian, Zhaofa Zeng, Risheng Li, Qi Lu, Longfei Xia, Qiong Wu, Kexin Liu, Kuiwen Wang e Jiahe Yan. "Design and Development of A New GPR System for Soil Detection". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2651, n. 1 (1 dicembre 2023): 012039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2651/1/012039.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Soil is a key factor in many fields such as national food security and ecological environment construction. In recent years, as an important geophysical method, ground penetrating radar (GPR) is widely used in soil detection. However, the detection efficiency and data quality of some GPR devices need to be improved in complex surface environments. In this paper, a new soil-special GPR device is designed. This device adopts a new antenna with strong directivity and high resolution. The corresponding data acquisition software is developed by Labview. Combined with GPS system, the acquisition trajectory is located with 1 cm accuracy. Compared with the MALA GPR device, the new soil-special GPR device has achieved high resolution detection results.
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Söderberg, Mia, Ruth Mannelqvist, Bengt Järvholm, Linus Schiöler e Mikael Stattin. "Impact of changes in welfare legislation on the incidence of disability pension. A cohort study of construction workers". Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 48, n. 4 (24 gennaio 2018): 405–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1403494818754747.
Abstract (sommario):
Aims: Study objectives were to investigate how changes in social insurance legislation influenced the incidence of disability pension. Methods: The study included 295,636 male construction workers who attended health examinations between 1971 and 1993, aged 20–60 years and without previous disability pension. Via the Swedish National Insurance Agency national register we identified 66,046 subjects who were granted disability pension up until 2010. The incidence rates were calculated and stratified according to age and diagnosis. Results: The incidence rate of disability pension was fairly stable until the 1990s when large variations occurred, followed by a strong decreasing trend from the early 2000s to 2010. Trends in incidence rates, stratified by age and diagnosis, showed a consistent decrease in cardiovascular disease for all age groups. In subjects aged 30–49 years there was a high peak around 2003 for musculoskeletal diseases and psychiatric diseases. For the age group 50–59 years, musculoskeletal diagnosis, the most common cause of disability pension, had a sharp peak around 1993 and then a decreasing trend. In the 60–64 age group, the incidence rate for psychiatric diagnosis was stable, while incidence rates for musculoskeletal diagnosis varied during the 1990s. Conclusions: There are considerable variations in the incidence rate of disability pension over time, with different patterns depending on age and diagnosis. Changes in social insurance legislation, as well as in administration processes, seem to influence the variation.
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Kudaibergenova, Diana T. "Between the state and the artist: Representations of femininity and masculinity in the formation of ideas of the nation in Central Asia". Nationalities Papers 44, n. 2 (marzo 2016): 225–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905992.2015.1057559.
Abstract (sommario):
After the Soviet collapse, the newly independent states of Central Asia found themselves in the process of forming their own national “imagined communities.” This was done to legitimize their existing territorial integrity, their rights to their titular ethnicities, and the position of political elites. This process expressed itself through the creation of particular symbols, myths, and rituals which distinguished the nation but were also used to legitimize the nation's right to exist. The symbolic and ideological construction was influenced by the former Soviet era. For example, symbolically the country was still called Rodina (motherland), but most of the symbols of power were represented by male images, for example, Amir Timur in Uzbekistan or Ablay Khan in Kazakhstan. The tradition of representing power through a male connotation had a long history in Soviet Central Asia. Interestingly, however, some contemporary artists took an alternative view and used feminine images as strong, central symbols of their interpretation of national identity, contesting the official view of nation-building. This paper seeks to trace the development of the feminine and masculine dichotomy of representation by comparing official iconography with works of famous female artists such as Umida Akhmedova from Uzbekistan and Saule Suleimenova and Almagul Menlibayeva from Kazakhstan.
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Zou, Fanna, e Rui Li. "Construction of Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Experience System Integrating K-Means Clustering Algorithm". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (31 luglio 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1325873.
Abstract (sommario):
The traditional talent development model is unlikely to satisfy the demands of the times and socioeconomic growth. Innovation-driven development policies require a great deal of creativity and entrepreneurship. Student creativity and education in the enterprise have emerged as an essential source of concern for all segments of society. The traditional talent cultivation mode has been unable to meet the requirements of the economic growth of the society. College graduates are national talents of high quality and high level, which are important talent resources for colleges and universities to grow sustainably. Innovation and entrepreneurship education for college students is a common concern of the current society. The research and implementation of innovation and entrepreneurship education for Chinese college students are progressing rapidly, but the innovation and entrepreneurship education of Chinese college students began later and is not at a high level of development at present. Promoting student innovation and entrepreneurship requires further improvements in research and teaching methods. This article presents the scientific classification and the K-means algorithm. It defines the concepts related to the education system of change and entrepreneurship, the concepts related to the search for change and the theories of entrepreneurship, and the theoretical foundations of the development of the education system. Of the researchers, 39.47% were male; 60.53% were female; 13.68% were students; 70.53% were undergraduate students; and 15.79% were postgraduate students.
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Kaymarazov, G. Sh, e L. G. Kaymarazova. "Military construction and military duty in Dagestan in 1928–1940: a historical and socio-cultural aspects". Vestnik Majkopskogo Gosudarstvennogo Tehnologiceskogo Universiteta, n. 3 (9 gennaio 2024): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.47370/2078-1024-2023-15-3-29-41.
Abstract (sommario):
The article considers the historical and socio-cultural aspects of military development in the Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic from 1928 to 1940, taking into account the growing interest in society and the scientific community in military history, including the problem of involving the peoples of national regions of the country in the process of formation and further development of the Soviet Armed Forces. In the research the principles of historicism, scientific objectivity, as well as comparative historical, problem-chronological, statistical and descriptive methods have been used; new publications and documentary sources that have not previously been introduced into scientific circulation have been employed.The historical and social and cultural aspects of military development in the Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic from 1928 to 1940 have been considered. - from the moment of the first compulsory conscription of Dagestanis for military service in the ranks of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army (RKKA) until the adoption in September 1939 by the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the new Law “On General Military Duty”. This event marked the beginning of the implementation of military service by representatives of the male youth of the peoples of Dagestan service on a common basis with all nationalities of the USSR.The research characterizes the work of the authorities to establish military registration of the male part of the population and pre-conscription training of young people in a multinational region. The gender component of the process of formation of military service has been highlighted; the features of the implementation of Soviet military construction in Dagestan within the designated chronological framework identified and prospects and scope of application of the research results characterized.
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Liu, Xiaodan, Huiwen Xia, Tao Ma e Qi Dang. "THE CONSTRUCTION OF SELF-IMAGE OF THE SUBJECT OF POST-NATIVE CULTURE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF EMOTIONAL BEHAVIOR CHANGE". International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 25, Supplement_1 (1 luglio 2022): A67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyac032.092.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Background “Houtu” is the most unique cultural symbol and emotional link in the inheritance of agricultural cultural beliefs in ancient China, and it is also one of the important components of contemporary folk culture. Belief has been a unique psychological phenomenon of human beings since ancient times. It reflects human belief and compliance with the world outlook, outlook on life and values through psychological activities. “Houtu belief” originated from people's worship of land and first appeared in ancient agricultural society. Shanxi fenyin is the birthplace of “Houtu belief”, which is regarded as “the oldest ancestor and the most outstanding God in China”. Its temple is also a place for emperors of each dynasty to make pilgrimages and worship gods. It is also regarded as the crown of Houtu temple in China and the source of Houtu Royal worship. At the same time, with the rise of the study of regional emotional change, this study also helps to better understand the later beliefs. Subjects and Methods Starting with the investigation of Houtu temple in fenyin County, Shanxi Province, this paper puts forward some problems, such as divine gender, image transformation and so on. From the pre Qin Dynasty to the early Western Han Dynasty, the Houtu God was the God of men, but now the Nuwa statue in Wanrong Houtu temple is the God of women. What's the reason? In view of this, this paper examines the evolution process and function of backland image from the perspective of belief psychology, and probes into its contemporary artistic value. In addition, this paper also uses Likert scoring method to evaluate the scale. Pearson correlation, standard deviation and statistical significance are combined to illustrate the correlation. The t-test of independent samples was used to verify the differences between male and female believers. According to the statistical value of emotion, participants were divided into three groups: low, medium and high groups. The questionnaire includes two kinds of anxiety, namely debilitating emotion and promoting emotion. Through t-test, univariate and multivariate analysis of variance and regression analysis, we investigated the relationship between time span, psychological activities and social status of believers of different beliefs and genders. Results According to the conclusion of this paper, the evolution of Houtu culture is an interactive process between objective social environment and subjective belief psychology. The image of Houtu culture and its belief activities have experienced a relatively unique cultural evolution process. The study studied male god believers and goddess believers, and found that compared with male god believers, goddess believers have much higher social status and audience. However, there was no significant difference in emotional level between male and female gods. With the development of society, it is gradually socialized and official. The image of backland has been recognized, re understood and recognized in the historical changes in order to adapt to and deal with social and cultural beliefs and historical context. It creatively reforms and integrates the national historical and cultural traditions and the social practical experience of various times, and constructs a new cultural form that respects the tradition and reflects the social practical experience. Conclusions Nowadays, in the multicultural context, “Houtu belief”, as a new national custom and cultural event, not only ensures the cultural legitimacy of Houtu culture in the local society, but also continues the inseparable relationship and memory between them and their ancestral civilization. It provides a new theoretical perspective and practical basis for the later research in the multicultural context. It can also promote the use of psychology to broaden the direction of studying national customs and culture. Acknowledgement Supported by the following projects, 2019 Jinzhong University “1331 Project” innovation team “Shanxi Cultural Heritage Inheritance and Provincial Cultural Tourism Strengthen Provincial Strategy Research” (JzxycxTD2019002). 2020 Shanxi Philosophy and Social Science Research Project: Research on animal Images of Chinese Buddhist Art (2020W184). University-level teaching reform project of Jinzhong University: Research on teaching reform of “Intangible Cultural Heritage” into “Colleges and University Zhejiang Provincial Heritage Conservation Technology Project (2020016).
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Fitzpatrick, Michaella, e Natalie Delia Deckard. "The Common Sense Cut and the Gendered Body Project". Humanity & Society 42, n. 3 (20 luglio 2017): 275–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0160597617716966.
Abstract (sommario):
The U.S. discourse regarding the practice of genital cutting differs depending on the perceived sex of the body. The authors understand this difference as crucial to the construction of gender normative body projects in the contemporary United States. Using a content analysis of 172 randomly sampled newspaper articles in the United States, we present differences in not only the value position of media but in the framing of genital alteration across sexes or genders and national contexts. We find that U.S. media overwhelmingly exhibits a positive viewpoint regarding the circumcision of male bodies and considers the question to be a fundamentally medical one. Our analysis suggests that while personal narrative is employed to center the personhood of females who have been circumcised, the device is also used to normalize parental choice when discussing male circumcision. Our analysis shows that U.S. media engages almost exclusively white male voices as experts in the discussion of normative male body presentation, while a relative diversity of opinions is deemed legitimate for female bodies and genitals. Given these findings, we argue that media-driven discourse is key to perpetuating the currently normative body projects that undergird conceptions of bodies as fundamentally different dependent on gender role.
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Reyns-Chikuma, Chris. "Quand la chair de l’interprète européenne hante la chaire des hérauts européanistes…". TranscUlturAl: A Journal of Translation and Cultural Studies 1, n. 3 (20 marzo 2011): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21992/t90055.
Abstract (sommario):
On the one hand, there is a great number of « national » fictions. To various degrees (patriotic, nationalistic) and consciously or not, these fictions participate in the construction of a nation. On the other hand, there are also a lot of fictions that we can characterize as cosmopolitan or postnational and which are situated outside any clear national boundaries. On the contrary, one can count very few fictions on the construction of a European supranationality. To my knowledge, Constellation by Alain Lacroix (2008) is the only one in French and that is the one I am going to write about in this essay.
My goal here is threefold. It is first to show that although the interpreter seems to play a minor role (according to the number of pages) and although she is apparently considered an insignificant quantity by both male protagonists, as her regular and obsessive return in the text proves it she is actually important since she haunts the characters sexually and ideologically. I will also show that this haunting spreads through the whole novel through the issue of the interpretation of signs. The second goal is to show that the interpreter, who is explicitly presented as an impersonation of Europe, actually incarnates the ambivalence of any « europeanist » project. She is indeed a bridge not only between two languages & cultures but also between both faces of any European policy. The first one, concrete, tries to incorporate the real life of the Europeans, their daily concerns which themselves are often inscribed within their « national habitus», and the other one to exceed it within a transnational project which is often perceived as too abstract. Finally, I will conclude showing how Constellation “foreignizes” (Venuti, 2008, 6) its translation of the European realities, not by its choices but by the choice of avant-garde esthetic techniques.