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Tesi sul tema "Conservatism"
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1
Miller, Edward Herbert. "Mavericks of the Metroplex: Dallas Republicans, the Southern Strategy, and the American Right". Thesis, Boston College, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/3705.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis advisor: Cynthia L. LyerlyThis dissertation explores the ultraconservative Republican and moderate conservative Republican movements in Dallas, Texas between 1952 and 1964, an essential period in which the GOP abandoned its longstanding identification as the party of President Lincoln and Reconstruction and adopted the Southern Strategy. While the first generation of scholars of American conservatism recognized the influence of ultraconservatives who embraced conspiracy theory, absolutist thinking, and apocalyptic rhetoric, the most recent scholarship has tended to downplay the impact of this ultraconservative worldview and stress moderate conservatives' upward mobility and mainstream and modern values. Through the lens of the Republican Party in Dallas, Texas--an epicenter of American conservative Republicanism in the 1950s and 1960s--this dissertation argues that while moderate conservative Republicans were important, ultraconservatives Republicans were more essential to the conservative Republican ascendancy. The dissertation shows that ultraconservative Republicans standing on the "fringe" of mainstream conservatism served not only to push many Republicans to embrace right-wing ideas, but mainstreamed and legitimated the moderate conservative Republicans in the 1950s and 1960s. In showing that ultraconservatives mattered more than historians previously thought, the dissertation suggests that the most recent scholarship has overcompensated for the first generation of historians, who tended to pathologize the Right and dismiss its staying power
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2013
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: History
2
Bridgman, Aengus B. "Mapping Contemporary Canadian English-Speaking Conservatism: An Examination of Axioms, Core Policies, Ideological Opponents and Intellectual/Emotional Appeals". Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31073.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Canadian political ideas are commonly accessed through traditional political culture or brokerage politics frames. This literature, while explaining certain political phenomenon in a robust way, fails to adequately appreciate the nuance in contemporary Canadian political ideas. A particularly fertile ground for an exploration of these ideas is in the study of contemporary Canadian conservatism. Through an examination of conservative scholars, pundits and political actors, four distinct strains of conservatism are identified and examined for axioms, core policy recommendations and affective appeals employed. Conservatism is demonstrated to be a multilayered and complex contemporary ideology displaying a remarkable diversity of ideas and understandings of the world. Despite these broad differences in core ideas and policy prescriptions and a number of key sites of disagreement, contemporary conservative ideologies remain bound by a core set of ideas and a common vernacular.
3
Massolin, Philip A. "What's past is prologue, Canadian intellectuals, the Tory tradition and the challenge of modernity, 1939-1970". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0008/NQ34810.pdf.
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4
Hayton, Richard. "Conservative Party leadership strategy and the legacy of Thatcherite Conservatism, 1997-2005". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2009. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10326/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This research is a detailed analysis of the Conservative Party leadership's strategy between 1997 and 2005. Through an application of the strategic-relational approach to political analysis, it examines how the party responded to defeat, and seeks to explain why it struggled to return to a position from which it could effectively challenge for power. The particular focus is on how key figures in the leadership elite interpreted and understood the context they faced, how they sought to orientate their strategies towards it, and how ideology shaped their perspective. Three dilemmas for contemporary conservatism are highlighted and considered in depth: European integration; national identity and the 'English question'; and social liberalism versus social authoritarianism. These were chosen as each presents a significant ideological challenge for contemporary conservatism. The thesis explores how the leadership handled each of these, and how they related to the party's efforts to develop a strategy for electoral revival. The research exposes the inconsistent and uncertain nature of Conservative Party electoral strategy in this period. The strategic-relational analysis suggests that this stemmed not merely from the failure of key actors in the leadership, but from the need to address competing and sometimes contradictory contextual demands, and from difficulties inherent in dealing with the legacy of Thatcherism. The thesis argues that an appreciation of the 1997 -2005 period is essential for an understanding of the trajectory of contemporary conservatism under Cameron.
5
Salem, Manel. "The british Conservative Party under Margaret Thatcher's leadership : conservatism seen from within". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MON30041.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Cette thèse aborde le sujet du conservatisme britannique, notamment le conservatisme de1979 jusqu’à 1990, la période qui correspond aux mandats de Margaret Thatcher. Ce travail vise à démontrer que la continuité a été l’aspect déterminant du parti conservateur depuis les XVIIIe et XIXe siècles. Les valeurs premières du conservatisme ont continué à être appliquées avec l’avènement de Margaret Thatcher au pouvoir même si elle incarnait, pour beaucoup de gens, le changement. Ceci apparait dans les discours que Margaret Thatcher tenait quand elle était leader de l’opposition. Le changement était nécessaire selon elle car la société britannique était stagnante. En effet, Thatcher ne pouvait pas accepter ce qu’elle considérait comme étant une « société oisive ».Dès son jeune âge, elle avait appris que travailler dur était à la fois une responsabilité et un plaisir. Ce plaisir-là émane des principes d’indépendance et de persévérance auxquels elle a toujours cru très profondément. Dans ce sens, le changement signifie essentiellement la remise en question du consensus de l’après-guerre, conçu pour aider le pays et ses habitants à se reconstruire. Margaret Thatcher était déterminée à démanteler la social-démocratie keynésienne qui avait imprégné la politique britannique depuis la Seconde Guerre mondiale à cause des circonstances changeantes. L’originalité de sa politique réside dans l’abandon du consensus de l’après-guerre largement basé sur l’état providence et l’intervention de l’état ainsi que l’encouragement des membres de la société à être autonomes et indépendants en plus d’une économie forte et capable de s’autoréguler sans avoir besoin d’intervention de la part du gouvernement. La liberté, l’individualisme et l’autonomie sont les conséquences ultimes de la dérégulation. Ces valeurs étaient les valeurs premières du conservatisme et leur application durant les années quatre-vingt n’étaient que retour au vieux parti conservateur. La continuité du parti conservateur, qui a été interrompue par le keynésianisme du parti travailliste, a été alors rétablie. Pour prouver de cette continuité, un nombre de documents d’archives ont été étudiés au Churchill Archives Centre à Cambridge; des archives telles que les procès-verbaux des réunions du parti conservateur et les discussions qui se sont déroulées entre conservateurs. Par ailleurs, savoir comment les conservateurs eux-mêmes définissent le conservatisme britannique élucide la nature du conservatisme. Pendant longtemps, le parti conservateur a été considéré comme étant le parti monolithique par excellence. Mais le retour en force d’autres partis, comme le parti travailliste après la Seconde Guerre mondiale, a poussé les conservateurs à réfléchir davantage, à innover, à créer des thinks tanks et à ne plus avoir peur d’exprimer leurs opinions diverses. Désormais, ils ne craignent plus le changement, partant du principe que « les choses doivent changer pour qu’elles restent identiques » (The Leopard by Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa). Une large partie de cette thèse porte sur la politique économique. La variable de la politique économique constitue peut-être le critère de réussite le plus visible notamment du fait qu’il est aisément quantifiable, et révèle que l’économie a toujours été une priorité chez les conservateurs. Selon Margaret Thatcher par exemple, le keynésianisme de l’après-guerre avait échoué et devait être abandonné. Pour Thatcher, le problème majeur à résoudre n’était pas le chômage mais l’inflation. La dichotomie entre continuité et changement sera analysée non seulement dans les discours publics de Margaret Thatcher mais aussi dans les discussions internes du parti conservateur. La pléthore de définitions et opinions pose également la question de l’héritage de la dame de fer, à travers son successeur John Major et des événements contemporains tels que le BrexitThis thesis focuses on the dynamics of continuity and change within the Conservative Party from 1979 to 1990, the period of Margaret Thatcher’s premierships. The aim of this thesis is to demonstrate that continuity had been the defining feature of the Conservative Party since the 18th and 19th centuries. The implementation of the primary values of early Conservatism continued with the advent of M. Thatcher to power although she represented, for many people, the epitome of change. This was all the more obvious in Margaret Thatcher’s public speeches when she was Leader of the Opposition. Change was, to her, necessary since British society was stagnant. In fact, Mrs. Thatcher could not accept what she considered as an “idle society.” When she was very little, Mrs. Thatcher learned that working hard was not only a duty but also an enjoyment. These feelings emanated from the values that she dearly cherished such as independence and perseverance. In this sense, therefore, change only meant the questioning of the postwar consensus. The policies implemented during the consensus period aimed at helping Britain and her citizens reconstruct. Margaret Thatcher was determined to dismantle the Keynesian social democracy that had permeated British politics since World War Two because of changing circumstances. The novelty of her politics lay in getting rid of the postwar consensus, broadly based on the welfare state and government intervention and encouraging a society whose members should be self-reliant and independent in addition to a strong economy capable of self-regulating without the need for regulation from the government. Freedom, individualism and autonomy were the ultimate consequences of deregulation. These values were the original values of Conservatism and their implementation in the 1980s was nothing but a return to Old Tory Conservatism. The continuity of the Conservative Party, which was interrupted by the politics of Keynesianism of the Labour Party, had therefore been reestablished. In order to trace this continuity, a number of archival material have been studied in the Churchill Archives Centre in Cambridge; archival material such as the minutes of the Conservative Party or the discussions that took place among Conservatives. Besides, how members of the Conservative Party themselves define British Conservatism sheds light on the nature of Conservatism. The Conservative Party has been considered to be the monolithic party par excellence but as a result of the increasing influence of other parties, notably the Labour Party after World War Two, Conservatives became more aware of the need to think more, innovate, create thinks tanks and express their distinct opinions more widely. They were no longer afraid of change given that “Everything needs to change, so that everything can stay the same” (The Leopard by Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa). An important part of this thesis deals with the economy. The variable of economic policy is perhaps the most visible criterion of success namely because it is easily quantifiable. It also reveals that economy has always been a priority among Conservatives. For Margaret Thatcher for instance, the Keynesianism of the postwar era had failed and should be abandoned. According to Thatcher, inflation was the problem to solve, not unemployment. The dichotomy between continuity and change will be analyzed not only in the public speeches of Margaret Thatcher but also the internal discussions of Conservatives. This plethora of definitions and opinions also concerns the legacy of the Iron Lady mainly through her successor, John Major, in addition to contemporary events such as the Brexit
6
Bornemann, Tobias. "Tax Avoidance and Accounting Conservatism". WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, Universität Wien, 2018. http://epub.wu.ac.at/6058/1/SSRN%2Did3114054.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study analyzes the relation between accounting conservatism, future tax rate cuts and countries' level of book-tax conformity. Firms have an incentive to increase conservatism in financial reporting when a tax rate cut is imminent to shift taxable income into the lower taxed future. Using a panel of firms across 18 countries from 1995 to 2010 I find that conditional conservatism is positively and significantly associated with future tax rate cuts when book-tax conformity is high. This effect is particularly pronounced for firms that concentrate the majority of their operations in the country in which the tax rate is cut. In contrast, there is no significant relation between future tax rate cuts and unconditional conservatism.Series: WU International Taxation Research Paper Series
7
Li, Dan. "Auditor tenure and accounting conservatism". Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007, 2007. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-06262007-165211/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Management, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.Mulford, Charles, Committee Member ; Schneider, Arnold, Committee Chair ; Comiskey, Eugene, Committee Member ; Church, Bryan, Committee Member ; Basu, Sudipta, Committee Member.
8
Freedman, R. S. "American populist conservatism, 1977-88". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.599200.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Populist conservatism brought new constituencies, issues and campaigning techniques to the American right, which helped it to become a dominant political force. However, the very nature of populist conservatism meant that it was less effective as a force for governing in the 1980s. Populist conservatives capitalised on the unease felt by certain groups, such as evangelical Christians, about ‘social issues’ such as abortion, but also foreign and economic policy. The populist conservative movement, including the ‘New Right’ political activists and the ‘religious right,’ tapped the discontent of working and lower middle class whites in particular in an attempt to build a new conservative majority. However, these constituencies sat uneasily with libertarian and ‘big business’ elements within the Republican Party. Interviews with populist conservative leaders and officials in the Carter and Reagan administrations have illuminated the often rather dry official records. That said, new collections in the Carter Library reveal the extent to which his administration ignored social conservatives and pushed a bold agenda in areas such as women’s and gay rights. Recently opened documents in the Reagan Library demonstrate that populist conservative leaders often worked with the administration whilst publicly urging it to take a more conservative stance. I was also fortunate to be granted access to some closed collections, such as those of Reagan’s pre-presidential office, which catalogue his strained relations with his erstwhile populist conservative allies. Finally, I have made use of the huge amount of political literature produced by populist conservatives. Of course, it has not been possible to conduct an exhaustive survey of populist conservative activity, due to both space constraints and the availability of evidence. A future study would cover issues such as busing, the campaign for a balanced budget amendment and the ‘Sagebrush Rebellion’.
9
Ma, Lizhi, e 馬立支. "Economic consequences of accounting conservatism". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46420162.
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10
Wolcott, Oliver J. "Arendt and Modern American Conservatism". University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1272056093.
Testo completo
11
Embring, Hanna, e Johan Wall. "Accounting Conservatism in Sweden : The effect of the IFRS adoption on conservatism in Swedish Accounting". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-176662.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Conservative accounting practices have influenced accounting traditions worldwide for centuries and have held a central position in Sweden through its incorporation in the accounting regulation. In 2005 Sweden, following a directive passed in the European Union, adopted IFRS, the accounting standard of the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). The IASB has expressed a clear desire to reduce conservatism in accounting, as the differential verification principle of conservatism is regarded as a threat to neutrality. Since the adoption, no quantitative evidence exists of the impact IFRS has had on conservatism in Sweden. This study utilizes the model developed by Basu (1997) to measure conservatism by regression analysis. The results demonstrate, in line with the hypothesis, that conservatism has decreased in the Swedish market. The findings suggest that conservative accounting practices remain, although to a lesser extent than before 2005. Evidence furthermore suggests that the value relevance of accounting data may have decreased during this period. Awareness of the decreasing role of conservatism in Sweden is relevant for understanding and interpreting financial statements.
12
McCluskey, Karen E. "Artistic conservatism in the Sienese quattrocento". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq20668.pdf.
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Aughey, Arthur. "Tracing arguments in Conservatism and Unionism". Thesis, University of Ulster, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260969.
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Meister, Robyn J. "Liberalism and Conservatism in Latin America". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1330.
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Zhang, Feida. "Essays on determinants of accounting conservatism". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2009. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1065.
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Makovac, Marcus. "Conservative shift or business as usual? : A cross-generational study in levels of social conservatism". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-403138.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The aim of this paper is to study generational differences in social conservatism. The research centered around three questions. Firstly, have levels of political social conservatism increased in the youngest generation as compared to previous. Secondly, does the presidential era a person was brought up in, explain differing levels of social conservatism. And lastly, does the results in the previous questions change when you look within the sub-group of subjects who self-identify as being conservative. To answer these questions, this study will analyse responses to question meant to operationalize social conservatism found in the General Societal Survey(GSS). And compare responses between generational birth-cohorts socialised under different presidents. Generally the results showed a decline in levels of social conservatism between generations and the youngest generation was no exception. The role of a presidential era in determining levels of social conservatism was practically non-existent. The results from questions one and two did not seem to change when looking within the subgroup of self-identifying conservatives.
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Basu, Sudipta. "Conservatism and the asymmetric timeliness of earnings /". Ann Arbor, Mich : UMI, 1995. http://aleph.unisg.ch/hsgscan/hm00224194.pdf.
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Dudink, Peter. "Hoax, Parody, and Conservatism in Harry Potter". Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/760.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This essay examines the ideology or value system implicit in Joanne Rowling's Harry Potter series. Many of the images in the series, despite being fantastic or empirically unprecedented, are minor transformations of popular books and of our very common physical and cultural reality. However, these imaginative transformations of mundane reality actually imitate, reiterate, and conserve common and contemporary secular values. On a third level the thesis will show that this conservation of contemporary secular values is undermined by a cynical and very subtle transformative element of satire, parody, and criticism.
Depending on the theme explored by the particular chapter, a different level of meaning might be evident. Chapter One discusses Rowling's parody of popular secular values. Chapter Two focuses on her parody of Christianity. Chapter Three focuses on Rowling's representations of nature and technology and on her parodic reversal of their traditional representation in similar literature. Chapter Four discusses how Rowling has made a critical appropriation of popular culture's reliance on thoughtless and 'instant' solutions, and discusses how she has made a mockery of her own hero, Harry Potter.
The conclusion discusses the value of literary devices that transform literal meanings and verbal images into new meanings and images, and concludes that Harry Potter should be read cautiously. A second conclusion is that the author's claim the series is incomplete is a hoax. This argument is defended with a demonstration that the existing four Harry Potter books form a complete unit, and with a reminder that an element of hoax pervades Rowling's entire series.
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Evans, Daniel Carson. "Disputing an Analytic Construct of Philosophical Conservatism". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/539.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper examines and ultimately objects to a version of political Conservatism as described in Geoffrey Brennan and Alan Hamlin’s paper “Analytic Conservatism.” Brennan and Hamlin’s argument makes several claims about economic forecasting and societal risk-aversion that ultimately uphold the status quo within society. This paper examines these claims and refutes them, while also considering counter-arguments Brennan and Hamlin could use to defend their theory. In conclusion, this paper supports the analytic dimension of Brennan and Hamlin’s theory while criticizing the trivial and arbitrary nature of valuing the status quo.
20
Green, E. H. H. "Radical conservatism in Britain c.1899-1914". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373678.
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Chan, Ling-Ching. "Accounting conservatism, earnings quality, and firm valuation". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.629937.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis explores the relation between conservatism and earnings quality, and its economic consequences. The principle of conservatism has played an important role in dealing with uncertainties in the process of financial reporting. In the past ten years, substantial market-based accounting research has been devoted to the study of conservatism but few studies have attempted to examine how the nature of conservatism affects earnings quality from an information perspective and whether conservative accounting provides information that is useful in helping investors make investment decisions. The present work provides UK evidence on the relation between accounting conservatism and several earnings attributes and on how this relation affects investors' required rates of return. It comprises three major pieces of empirical work. First, I investigate the effect of earnings components--cash flow from operations, operating and non-operating accruals--on earnings conservatism using three different regression models. These are the augmented forward and reverse return--earnings regressions, and the earnings persistence regressions. The results show that non-operating accruals has the most significant effect on estimates of conservatism in all three models. Second, I examine the association between ex-ante/ex-post conservatism and several earnings characteristics: the value-relevance, informativeness, persistence, and predictability of reported earnings. These earnings attributes are important determinants of earnings quality from an information perspective and greater values of these earnings attributes imply that reported earnings are more useful for decision-making purposes. The results show that ex-ante (balance sheet) conservatism has a positive relation with earnings quality. However, there is no direct relation between ex-post (earnings) conservatism and earnings quality, and extreme ex-post conservatism may undermine the quality of reported earnings. Third, I examine how the relation between conservatism and earnings quality affects investors' required rates of return. I find that higher ex-ante conservative earnings are related to lower costs of equity capital and that there is no significant relation between ex-post conservatism and investors' required rates of returs. Based on the findings in this thesis, I conclude that accounting conservatism is an essential concept in financial reporting and that investors understand the nature of conservatism and price firm value rationally.
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Wakil, Gulraze. "Conservatism, Earnings Persistence, and the Accruals Anomaly". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1301329397.
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Valentinčič, Aljoša. "Accounting conservatism, earnings components and accounting losses". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2004. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1137/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study provides evidence on accounting conservatism based on a large sample of publicly-quoted UK companies over the period 1969-2001. The effects of conservation accounting are studied both indirectly and directly by using earnings measures containing varying levels of accruals and by further decomposing earnings into its operating cash flows and distinct accruals components. The analyses are also separated according to the sign of earnings and earnings components, and account for the effects of asset-recognition rules. Even though conservatism is an accruals phenomenon, this is the first study to provide direct empirical evidence on the role of accruals in accounting conservatism. The thesis addresses the following issues. First, under conservative accounting, earnings-decreasing changes in performance measures (reflecting economic losses) that contain more accruals mean-revert more and earnings-increasing changes (reflecting economic gains) are persistent. Working capital accruals and special items are particularly strongly mean-reverting when they are earnings-decreasing. Depreciation accruals are persistent. Second, direct tests by earnings components show that operating cash flows exhibit low timeliness overall and, given that they contain no accruals, no asymmetry in reflecting bad news. Earnings figures with more accruals exhibit more asymmetry in reflecting bad news. Working capital accruals and special items are important in this asymmetry, but depreciation is not. Interestingly, good news results in a small earnings-decreasing charge, consistent with smoothing. Lagged tests on accruals reveal that bad news from as much as three previous periods is reflected in current earnings through special items, inconsistent with conservatism. Evidence indicates that conservatism is increasing through time. The sensitivity to good news has decreased over time. To capture these changes, higher-moments measures are developed. Third, the analysis by the sign of “bottom-line” earnings does not reveal any differences in reflecting good/bad news for the profit/loss firms. Separating earnings observations by sign of cash flow also reveals no differences. In contrast, separating observations by the sign of accruals (other than depreciation) reliably shows that the asymmetric timeliness is significantly higher in the negative-accruals groups, as expected. The accruals components determine this asymmetry, rather than the operating cash flow (or, earnings by itself). Finally, less conservative recognition rules lead to stronger responsiveness of earnings to bad news, as reflected in working capital accruals and special items. Asset-specific measures of conservative recognition rules reinforce these findings. A puzzling result is that operating cash flows reveal a significant asymmetric response to bad news in the group of observations where it is least-likely to be observed (low book to market). A selection of other results by size, industry, extremity of news, methods, accounting year-ends, market-wide returns, yields, method of estimation, etc., not only corroborates, but generally strengthens the results obtained.
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Harakeh, Mostafa. "Information asymmetry, accounting standards, and accounting conservatism". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/information-asymmetry-accounting-standards-and-accounting-conservatism(1f09d3c2-a25f-40de-8543-e58b80ba0743).html.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis consists of three self-contained essays, each assessing the interaction between financial accounting and information asymmetry from a different aspect. In the first two essays, I examine how a change in the information environment affects the behavior of market participants. In the third essay, I evaluate the empirical measurement of conditional conservatism in accounting data. Together, these studies contribute to the understanding of the role of financial reporting in mitigating the information gap between stakeholders. In the first essay, I explore the impact of the mandatory adoption of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on dividend payout policy and the value relevance of dividends in two Western European economies. I select the UK as a major common-law country (control group) and France as a code-law country (treatment group) in order to implement a difference-in-differences methodology. My findings suggest that IFRS adoption is a major contributor in increasing dividend payouts among code-law firms, compared to common-law firms, due to a greater reduction in information asymmetry following the IFRS mandate. This makes investors in code-law firms more willing to rely on accounting measures of firm performance, thereby causing a significant and material decrease in dividend value relevance among code-law firms relative to common-law firms. In the second essay, I examine the potential for IFRS to influence the market for SEOs. I utilize a difference-in-differences methodology, where the UK (i.e. common-law firms) is the control group and France (i.e. code-law firms) is the treatment group. I argue that IFRS adoption serves to mitigate information asymmetry and improve accounting quality. Accordingly, I find that, following IFRS adoption, earnings management activities decrease among code-law firms prior to issuing SEOs. As a result of the lower levels of earnings management and information asymmetry, I predict and find that the market reaction to issuing SEOs improves significantly for code-law firms following IFRS. Given that equity financing becomes less costly, I find that the propensity to issue new SEOs increases among code-law firms after IFRS adoption. In the third and final essay, I examine the empirical measurement of conditional conservatism (CC) in accounting data. Prior studies have raised serious concerns about the bias in the asymmetric timeliness (AT) measure of CC. This measure, along with the C_Score measure, underpins a large body of empirical research on CC. Thus I endeavor to assess the extent to which prior literature may need to be revised because of its reliance on these measures. In exploring this issue, I replicate prior studies that rely on the AT or the C_Score measure, and then compare the replicated results with those generated by applying the variance ratio (VR) measure of CC, proposed by Dutta & Patatoukas (2017). I show that the AT and the VR measures are associated unconditionally. Furthermore, my findings suggest that the observed variation in the C_Score measure is driven by variation in the bias implicit in the AT measure rather than variation in CC. I also provide evidence showing that the AT measure yields similar conclusions to the VR measure in research designs that model the change in CC following an exogenous change in accounting policy; however, I find that using the AT measure to document cross-sectional differences in CC is highly likely to have given rise to invalid conclusions in a large number of studies.
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Ozsel, Dogancan. "Challenging the conservative exceptionalism : theme of change in the conservative canon". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/challenging-the-conservative-exceptionalism-theme-of-change-in-the-conservative-canon(df168b18-085e-49d3-8055-ca9b25806bb0).html.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The thesis focuses on the conservative canon and analyses the validity of exceptionalist claims of conservative thinking through a deconstructive reading of conservatism. The comparison of classical and radical conservatisms provides the grounds for this analysis. After the introductory chapter, the second chapter of this thesis focuses on the general characteristics of the conservative ideology. It consists of three sub-sections. The first of these presents the characteristics of classical conservatism, while the second turns to consider radical conservatism. Then, in the third sub-section, a discussion of the similarities and differences between these two conservatisms leads to a proposed definition of a core of the conservative canon. Here, it is argued that the epistemological and ontological imperfection of individuals can be regarded as the definitive core, or as the precept which the justification of conservative policies relies upon. The third chapter then focuses on the views of a number of significant figures in the development of political thought on ideology, which is used by these thinkers as a critical tool. A narrative of the historical developments in the analyses of ideology and ideologies is presented in this chapter. In the last part of the chapter, Derridian thinking is introduced. The fourth chapter problematises conservative exceptionalism, or the belief that there is a fundamental difference between conservatism and other ideologies. This chapter is founded upon the analyses of the previous two chapters, using the Derridian reading and referring to the characteristics and commonalities of the conservative canon presented. In this chapter, radicalism is argued to be a persistent theme in conservative thinking, and conservatism is claimed to be founded upon its impossibility.
26
Otto, Sandra [Verfasser], e Wolfgang [Akademischer Betreuer] Schultze. "Ex ante conservatism versus ex post conservatism und der Informationsgehalt von Forschungs- und Entwicklungsausgaben / Sandra Otto. Betreuer: Wolfgang Schultze". Augsburg : Universität Augsburg, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1077700172/34.
Testo completo
27
Tong, Yen H. "Determinants and economic consequences of discretionary accounting conservatism /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8800.
Testo completo
28
Yildirim, Zumrut. "Religiousness, Conservatism And Their Relationship With Traffic Behaviour". Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608820/index.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The present study investigated the relationship between religiousness, conservatism and traffic behaviour. It was shown that, intrinsic religious orientation significantly predicted ordinary violations of both the drivers and the pedestrians. Religiousness seems to have a positive effect by orienting the individual to obey the rules and to refrain from risk taking behaviour. Moreover, components of conservatism (conservation of values and resistance to change) were found to affect the aggressive violations and the positive behaviours of the drivers. While conservation of values decreased aggressive violations of the drivers, it increased the positive behaviours. On the contrary, resistance to change decreased positive behaviours and increased aggressive violations. These contrary results were accounted for by using Wilson&rsquos (1973) explanations of these dimensions. To conclude, variables distal to traffic context were shown to influence traffic behaviour differentially.
29
Jarva, H. (Henry). "Essays on accounting conservatism and goodwill write-offs". Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2010. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514262593.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract
One of the major features of financial reporting is conservatism. Accounting conservatism is traditionally defined by the adage “anticipate no profit, but anticipate all losses.” Accounting conservatism is manifested in two general but distinct ways. First, conservatism can be unconditional, meaning that the book value of net assets is understated due to predetermined accounting practices (e.g. immediate expensing of research and development expenditures as incurred). Second, conservatism can be conditional, meaning that the book value of assets is written down under sufficiently adverse circumstances, but not up under favorable circumstances (e.g. goodwill impairment rules). This dissertation focuses only on conditional conservatism.
The purpose of this dissertation is to increase our understanding of conditional conservatism through three inter-related essays. These essays seek to answer the following research questions: (1) Are standard measures of conditional conservatism affected by the asymmetry in cash flows? (2) How does “bad news” contribute to the persistence of accruals and cash flows? (3) Do firms manage fair value based goodwill write-offs under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142 (SFAS 142)? (4) What are the economic consequences of SFAS 142 goodwill write-offs?
Collectively, the empirical results of this dissertation further our understanding of the determinants and implications of conditional conservatism. The first essay demonstrates that the asymmetry in cash flows biases standard measures of conditional conservatism. The second and third essays are one of the first to assess conservatism using an individual accrual account, namely, SFAS 142 goodwill write-offs. The second essay examines the reliability of goodwill write-offs, while the third essay provides evidence on the economic consequences of goodwill write-offs. The findings of these two essays are important for the debate on whether fair value measurements in financial statements are appropriate.
30
Roslinda, Accounting Australian School of Business UNSW. "The relationship between corporate governance and accounting conservatism". Publisher:University of New South Wales. Accounting, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43611.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Whilst extensive research has been done on the association between corporate governance and firm performance, the empirical evidence is inconclusive. This thesis argues that the failure of past studies to establish a positive association between corporate governance and performance might be caused by the use of conservative accounting in firms. If firms with stronger corporate governance adopt more conservative accounting procedures, then tests of the relationship between corporate governance characteristics and performance will be biased downwards. If market participants fail to recognise a link between conservative accounting and corporate governance, then firms with stronger corporate governance might also be systematically undervalued. Therefore, studying the relationship between selected corporate governance attributes and the extent of conservative accounting does more than just extend our understanding of the link between governance characteristics and accounting quality. It also provides useful insights for interpreting the existing literature on the association between corporate governance and performance. In this thesis, detailed investigation is undertaken of the link between several governance characteristics (as well as an aggregate index) and the extent of conservatism evident in Australian firms?? financial reporting. Overall, the results provide only weak evidence that firms with certain governance characteristics report more conservatively. Evidence of any such link is restricted to measures of board composition and leadership, and even then the results are sensitive to the method used to measure the extent of conservatism in financial reporting. There is no systematic evidence of an association for measures of audit committee composition, nor board size. Finally, there is only weak evidence that use of a Big 5 auditor affects the extent of conservatism and the results are sensitive to the period investigated. These results are all robust to explicitly recognizing possible endogeneity between the extent of conservative accounting and the governance attributes examined. Overall, the results raise important questions about the extent to which widely advocated corporate governance attributes result in accounting outcomes which accelerate the revelation of relatively poor economic news, at least for Australian firms in the years examined (1998 and 2002). However, beyond the immediate relationship examined, the results also suggest that caution is appropriate before dismissing the absence of a link between governance attributes and firm performance as being attributable to accounting conservatism.
31
Perkins, Alexander H. "Accounting Conservatism and the Prediction of Corporate Bankruptcy". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/711.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper examines the relationship between the accounting conservatism construct and the prediction of corporate bankruptcy. Prior research has explored the link between accounting quality and bankruptcy prediction, but it has not examined the relationship between accounting conservatism and bankruptcy prediction. This study hypothesizes that the inclusion of conservatism metrics in the bankruptcy hazard model estimation process should have an incremental effect on the predictive ability of bankruptcy hazard models. This paper finds that the inclusion of conservatism metrics does enhance the predictive power of bankruptcy hazard models for certain subgroups of a population partitioned on the basis of accounting conservatism metrics.
32
Dargenidou, Christina. "Accounting conservatism in expected earnings : a European study". Thesis, Bangor University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.432055.
Testo completo
33
Aubel, Felix Franc Elfed. "Welsh conservatism 1885-1935 : five studies in adaptation". Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.554296.
Testo completo
34
Lynch, Philip. "British Conservatism and the concept of the nation". Thesis, University of Warwick, 1992. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/4322/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis examines the concept of the nation found in British conservative thought (the "conservative nation"), and its relevance to the policies and doctrine of the Conservative Party, especially in the Thatcher years. I argue that as a political doctrine, nationalism is essentially nebulous, gaining distinctive character from the discourse with which it is jointly-articulated and from its environment. Thus the British conservative nation is a distinct form of nationalist doctrine, built on core conservative values and on specific socio-historical factors. Its key themes are: (i) tradition; (ii) organicism; (iii) community; (iv) hierarchy; (v) antirationalism. The conservative nation has also been bolstered by the use of historical myths and symbols eg imperialism, Unionism and the monarchy. The ideal-type conservative nation fuses ethnic (cultural) and civic (political) accounts of the nation, but contains significant sub-categories based on a separation of the political and cultural models. Chapter Two traces key moments in the development of the conservative nation, notably Burke's conservative state patriotism and the late 19th century emergence of the Conservative Party's "national strategy", based on a coherent idea of the nation and populist nationalism. Chapter Three looks at the breakdown of the concept into its political and cultural components by New Right theorists. It focuses on Hayek and Oakeshott as proponents of the political account, plus, Scruton and Casey as adherents to a cultural account. Chapter Four examines Powell's redefinition of the nation and the ultimate failure of his attempt to construct a nationalist strategy to cover policy on immigration, the European Community and the Union. The second half of the thesis looks at Thatcherism's revival of the language of nationhood, but argues that doctrinal tensions and the need for pragmatic issue management worked against the development of a coherent concept of the nation or a consistent national strategy. Chapter Five examines Thatcherism as (a) Mrs Thatcher's personal values; (b) a political doctrine, noting the tensions between its - free market and strong state branches; and (c) as statecraft or issue management. The Falklands Var and policies on the territorial Union provide examples of the relative successes and failures in Thatcherism's "politics of nationhood". Subsequent chapters use detailed case studies on the European Community and the politics of race to illustrate Thatcherism's use of nationalist rhetoric, and its failure to construct a coherent national strategy across these policy areas. Chapter Six assesses British policy on the EC, the integration process and ideas of sovereignty. Chapter Seven outlines the main themes of the debate between Euro-sceptics and Euro-enthusiasts in the Conservative Party. In Chapter Eight I examine the problems which the management of an ethnically plural society has posed for Thatcherism and the conservative nation in general, assessing policies an immigration and integration. The thesis concludes by contrasting the shortcomings of the Thatcherite account of the nation with the positive themes of identity and community inherent in the conservative nation.
35
Wang, M. (Meng). "The impact of earnings management on accounting conservatism". Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2012. http://jultika.oulu.fi/Record/nbnfioulu-201210081042.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract. This study attempts to explore and empirically examine the impact earnings management has on earnings conservatisms. I argue that in the practice of income-decreasing earning management, managers more likely accelerate the recognition of bad news in earnings than good news and it thus actually influences firms’ earnings conservatism by biasing the degree of firms’ earnings conservatism upwards. While in the practice of income-increasing earnings management, managers more likely speed up the recognition of good news in earnings while defer the recognition of bad news in earnings and it thus actually affects firms’ earnings conservatism by biasing the degree of firms’ earnings conservatism downwards. I also argue that the firms which engage in income-decreasing earnings management tend to be more conservative than the firms which engage in income-increasing earnings management.
In the empirical examination, I use the incremental bad news effect in Basu (1997) earnings regression model to measure the degree of earnings conservatism. Discretionary accruals is used to proxy for earnings management. I partition the full sample into income-decreasing sub sample and income-increasing sub sample according to the sign of firms’ discretionary accruals. The results show: (1) In Basu’s regression model, the negative discretionary accruals sub sample obtains the higher incremental coefficient on bad news than the full sample, while the negative discretionary accruals sub sample obtains the lower one than the full sample. (2) In the combined regression model, the estimated coefficient, which captures the incremental earnings’ response to bad news for the negative discretionary accruals sub sample firms, is significantly positive. The results therefore support my hypotheses.
36
Cassidy, Patrick. "Catholic Natural Law Conservatism in Post-War America". Thesis, Boston College, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/1209.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis advisor: Ken KerschThis thesis examines the tradition of Catholic natural law conservatism in contemporary American politics. Using the works of Clarence Manion and Robert P. George, it identifies two distinct strands of natural law political philosophy. The analysis concludes with an attempt to reconcile these interpretations with the hope of providing a viable framework for the natural law in modern America
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2010
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Political Science Honors Program
Discipline: Political Science
37
"Accounting conservatism and divestitures". 2010. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5894334.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Yang, Shuo.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 47-51).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Title Page --- p.i
Thesis/Assessment Committee --- p.ii
Table of Contents --- p.iii
List of Tables --- p.iv
Abstract (English) --- p.v
Abstract (Chinese) --- p.vi
Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter Chapter 2 --- Background Literature --- p.6
Chapter 2.1 --- Divestiture Literature --- p.6
Chapter 2.2 --- Conservatism and Investment Efficiency Literature --- p.9
Chapter Chapter 3 --- Hypothesis Development --- p.13
Chapter 3.1 --- Conservatism's Effect on Divestitures through Debtholders Channel --- p.14
Chapter 3.2 --- Conservatism's Effect on Divestitures through Equityholders Channel --- p.16
Chapter 3.3 --- Conservatism and Disclosure of Use of Proceeds from Divestitures --- p.18
Chapter Chapter 4 --- Sample Selection --- p.22
Chapter Chapter 5 --- Research Design --- p.27
Chapter Chapter 6 --- Empirical Results --- p.34
Chapter 6.1 --- Univariate Analysis --- p.34
Chapter 6.2 --- Timely Loss Recognition and Selling Firm Market Reaction to Divestiture Announcement --- p.40
Chapter 6.3 --- Timely Loss Recognition and Selling Firm Post-divestiture Performance Change --- p.41
Chapter 6.4 --- Timely Loss Recognition and Non-disclosure of Use of Proceeds --- p.42
Chapter Chapter 7 --- Sensitivity Tests --- p.43
Chapter Chapter 8 --- Conclusions --- p.45
References --- p.47
Appendix A Accounting Treatment of Disposal of Assets and Special Items --- p.52
Appendix B Examples of Divestiture Announcements --- p.56
38
Yeh, Jung, e 葉容. "Conservatism and ownership structure". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78807384908687322518.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
碩士國立中央大學
企業管理學系
101
The main purpose of this research is to study the relationship between the ownership structure and accounting conservatism in emerging market of Taiwanese firms, from 1998 to 2009. Following the regression model by Beaver and Ryan (2000), Givoly and Hayn (2000) and Basu (1997), we measure the impact of accounting conservatism and cash flow right, voting rights and divergence of the voting rights from cash flow rights. The evidence is consistent with the prediction, and we deduce that the firms tend to adopt more conservative accounting when the conflicts between controlling owners and minority shareholders are mitigated through greater cash flow rights owned by controlling owners. On the other hand, the firms tend to adopt less conservative accounting when the conflicts between controlling owners and minority shareholders arise from greater voting rights and divergence of the voting rights from cash flow rights.
39
Chen, Chin-Ju, e 陳錦洳. "Foreign Investment and Accounting Conservatism". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20400024269589200352.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
碩士國立中興大學
會計學研究所
101
The sample companies are obtained from 1999 to 2011. This purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship among corporate foreign investment and accounting conservatism. Besides, We examine whether foreign investment and accounting conservatism exist cause-and-effect relation. Furthermore, we analyze whether firms invest in strict common law country, Tax Haven, and corporate governance influence accounting conservatism. The empirical results are summarized as followed: (1) Corporate foreign investment can reduce accounting conservatism. (2) Accounting conservatism influences corporate foreign investment. That is, foreign investment and accounting conservatism exists cause-and-effect relation. (3) Firms invest in strict common law country affect accounting conservatism. (4) When Firms invest in Tax Haven, corporate increase the degree of accounting conservatism. (5) Corporate governance can influence the degree of effect between foreign investment and accounting conservatism.
40
Peng, Yung-Hsuan, e 彭詠旋. "Overseas Listing and Accounting Conservatism". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ug23ha.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
碩士國立中興大學
會計學研究所
101
The article evaluates accounting conservatism of financial statements through information asymmetry, as well as considers whether the effects of overseas listing tools, areas of distribution and corporation management would affect the influence of overseas listing on accounting conservatism. With corporations’ overseas listing timing as the standard, listed companies that implemented overseas listing in 1992-2011 were selected as samples. Each overseas listing company was paired with no more than two overseas listing companies as the control group. Empirical results indicate, after a company executes overseas listing, the restraints and requirements added onto the issuing company by stock exchange of overseas market will increase the overseas listing company’s information disclosure, and leading to lower degree in employment of accounting conservatism requested by investors. Through the influence of conservatism degree on information asymmetry, as well as the relation between information asymmetry and overseas listing, it is found that degree of accounting conservatism affects willingness to carry out overseas listing. In addition, overseas listing approaches mainly include issuance of Euro convertible bonds and depository receipts. This study addresses the variation in the impact of different listing methods on accounting conservatism influenced by overseas listing. Different listing areas are investigated to demonstrate that listing area affects the influence of overseas listing on accounting conservatism. Finally, it is discovered corporate governance of an overseas listing company will affect the impact of overseas listing on accounting conservatism.
41
Tsang, Hiu Leong. "Corporate lobbying and accounting conservatism /". 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1597602311&sid=8&Fmt=2&clientId=10361&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Testo completo
42
CHIU, SHU-PING, e 邱淑平. "Board structure and accounting conservatism". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/t997mq.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
碩士中原大學
會計研究所
99
It has the inseparable relationship with the financial quality, due to the domestic and foreign explodes go off the embezzlement issues. In order to yield the board of directors’ characteristic to operate perfectly, need to impel the company to govern the mechanism, and then it could cause the supervising mechanism to bring positive outcomes. According to previous documents, this research shows that the board of directors’ structure is to promotes the financial quality of credit; moreover it has some degree of influence, the conservative accountant is one of financial reports’ characteristic in the accounting principle, besides regarding loss when recognizes the row, possibly already inquired into this problem originates is, in fact has the surveillance potency. In other words, a healthy governance will not only promote the effect, but also increases the finance and accountant’s credibility. The enterprise’s goal is to cause the board of directors’ structure and the conservative accountant relations of effect result, this research mainly inquires into the relationship between the two and the level of degree. This research aim examined from 2003 to 2009 take Taiwanese listed companies as a sample, used simple least squares law (OLS) to discuss the Board structure and accounting conservatism relations. This research reference studied in the past respectively by the market foundation pattern of Beaver & Ryan (2000) and the accrual basis of model of Ahmed et al. (2002) and Givoly and Hayn (2000) to measure accountant’s lever of conservative degree, at same time to use of the board of directors scale, the exterior listed companies director members, the independent director members, chairman holds a concurrent post of general manager, and legal person owning stocks rate for conduct the substitution variable of the board of directors structure. The research discovered that board of directors scale with the exterior listed companies director members, regardless of uses the market foundation pattern or earn the support from the accrual basis model measure pattern, the overall result showed that the enterprise will still use the conservative accounting policy, it indicates certain effect of existence between board of directors’ structure and accountant conservative.
43
YEN, WEN-CHANG, e 嚴文常. "From Conservatism to Service Innovation". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89131802233757589291.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
資訊管理系
101
Case organization was a fourth level agency of government before, but it has been promoted to third level due to the reformation of government organizations. However, the staffs’ conservative thinking and negative attitude of service of the past still remain. Because there was a system crash event, great damage of the organization’s image was happened. This event also caused the pressure of change. The strong pressure to make a dramatic reform of information systems from the new chief of Information Division drives change. However, the internal organization didn’t support such drastic system transform, because there was another voice that proposes a moderate improvement to maintain stable development of the organization operation. Michael was a senior staff and understood the system very well. He concerned about the stability of information systems and organization, so he advocated a moderate progressive improvement. Andy was a new on board chief of Information Division. He did not know the business and culture of the organization very well, but he believed the key point of the system reform should focus on the future’s business requirements, not only on the current stability. Although his advocate might have high risk, it is accordance with the style and requirements of General Director of organization. Peter was hesitated to support Andy’s adventure approach or Michael’s conservative one? How would he make his choice? This thesis used the teaching case to discuss about organizational change driven by a dramatically system reform. From this case study, we hope that students can learn how to deal with different opinions and even internal resistance caused by the drastic reform of information systems, and how to drive organizational change and well manage project.
44
Hsieh, Chia-Yun, e 謝佳芸. "Ownership Structure and Accounting Conservatism". Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/01780207395722175599.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
碩士元智大學
財務金融學系
97
This paper exploits the relationship between ownership structure and the demand for accounting conservatism. Ownership structure includes the shares owned by CEO, directors and executive as a group, block holders, and institutional investors. Using the firm specific proposed by Givoly and Hayn (2000) and the asymmetric timeliness of earnings addressed by Basu (1997) as a proxy for accounting conservatism, to examine the effect of the fraction of shares owned by CEO, directors and executive as a group, block holders, and institutional investors. Since accounting conservatism is anticipated to mitigate agency problems between agents and principles, we predict that these agency problems increase the demand for accounting conservatism. The findings indicate that (i) a negative relationship between the percentage of a firm’s shares owned by CEO and conservatism, (ii) a negative relationship between the percentage of a firm’s shares owned by directors and executive as a group and conservatism, (iii) a negative relationship between the percentage of a firm’s shares owned by block holders and conservatism, and (iv) a negative relationship between the percentage of a firm’s shares owned by institutional investors and conservatism. It is consistent with the implication of the convergence of interest hypothesis. The empirical results are robust to various control variables, the market-to-book ratio, leverage, firm size, and litigation risk. These evidences support our prediction and propose the possibility that accounting conservatism contributes to addressing the agency problem between agents and principles.
45
Wang, Chen Chin, e 王貞靜. "Accounting conservatism and investor protection". Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61020477188533292210.
Testo completo
46
Yao, Tsai-Yun, e 姚彩雲. "Agency Problems and Accounting Conservatism". Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25645212455574193491.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
碩士國立雲林科技大學
會計系
103
Prior studies reveal the agency problem between controlling shareholders and minority shareholders is more critically in Taiwan. This study uses control-deviation of controlling shareholders, which is measured as the differential between controlling shareholders’ board seats and cash flow rights, to measure the agency problem, in turn, examines the association between a firm’s agency problem and accounting conservatism. This study conjectures that high control-deviation of controlling shareholders will result more accounting conservatism. This study follows Basu’s (1997) model and describes conservatism as resulting in earnings reflecting ‘bad news’ more quickly than ‘good news’, in turn, examining the association between controlling shareholders’ control deviation and accounting conservatism of listed firms in Taiwan. The empirical results reveal that the divergence between controlling shareholder’s control-deviation is positively associated with accounting conservatism and support the hypothesis. This study implements several diagnostic checks and documents the empirical results are robust to various specifications.
47
Hsieh, Pei-san, e 謝佩珊. "International diversification and accounting conservatism". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95568612312995034492.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
碩士國立中央大學
企業管理研究所
99
This study examines how the extent of international diversification influence accounting conservatism and moderating role of accounting conservatism on the excess value attributed to international diversification. The empirical evidence reveals that the extent of international diversification is positively related to the likelihood to appoint high-conservatism. Further, Firms appointing high-conservatism suffer less diversification discount attributed to international diversification. Overall, our result are consistent with conjecture that high-conservatism is an effective mechanism to reduce agency cost arising from diversification.
48
XU, YU-XIANG, e 徐于翔. "Accounting Conservatism and Earnings Thresholds". Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09981374585738774617.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
碩士靜宜大學
會計學系
104
This article studies the effects that having thresholds on positive profit, recent sustain profit and analysts' expectations will have in accounting conservatism. To have further understanding on whether a company manager will manage the profit in order to achieve the thresholds so the result will be in his personal gain. Such actions will cause a greater deviation between the financial report and the true value of the company, also diminish the accountability of the profit, and ended up lowering the practicality of the financial reward and the accounting conservatism. The result presents that each thresholds and Accounting Conservatism (C-Score) has a significant negative correlation, which presents how the companies will work to reach their thresholds, and costing their accounting conservatism in the process.
49
Su, Chi-Wen, e 蘇啟文. "Corporate Governance and Earnings Conservatism". Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50324718604150882379.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
碩士輔仁大學
會計學系碩士班
96
The study investigates how various corporate governance indices (cash flow rights, the deviation between the control rights and cash flow rights, managerial ownership, institutional ownership, pledged share ratio of directors and supervisors, and CEO duality) affects earnings conservatism. I define earnings timeliness and conservatism following Basu (1997) and Wu (2006): Timeliness is defined as the speed at which accounting earnings incorporate news, and is empirically measured by the sensitivity of earnings to unexpected stock returns; conservatism is defined as when bad news is reflected in accounting earnings more quickly than good news, and is empirically measured by the asymmetry in earnings’ sensitivity to positive returns and negative returns. To examine the earnings reported by the firms with better corporate governance mechanism will be not more conservative because of self-interested motivations of managers and ultimate controlling shareholders, this study refers the research of Wu (2006) and measures earnings conservatism in the models of Basu (1997). Using a sample of 7,503 firm-year observations after taking out extreme data from 1996 to 2006 in Taiwan, I find that firms with a higher percentage of cash flow rights, a lower deviation between the control rights and cash flow rights, a higher percentage of managerial ownership, or a lower pledged share ratio of directors and supervisors, or without CEO duality exhibit more conservative patterns in their annual earnings. The empirical result is robust to the three sensitivity tests in the study: the test of the different corporate governance index, the test of industrial effect, and the test of the sample without taking out extreme data.
50
Chang, Che-Chia, e 張哲嘉. "Corporate Diversification and Conditional Conservatism". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59610786315779991315.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
博士國立臺灣大學
會計學研究所
99
Diversified firms suffer from value discount due to overinvestment and inefficient cross-subsidization. This paper conjectures that conditional conservatism ex ante reduces manager proclivity for inefficient decision, and ex post facilitates investor monitoring. This paper shows that conditional conservatism mitigates overinvestment and inefficient cross-subsidization, thereby mitigating value discount in diversified firms. The FASB issued SFAS No. 131 to improve the quality and quantity of segment information. Under SFAS No. 131, managers have less ability to offset information, and fewer incentives to make inefficient decisions. This paper shows that conditional conservatism reveals a less pronounced mitigating effect on overinvestment and inefficient cross-subsidization after implementing SFAS No. 131.