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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Conductive oxide"

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Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 8 giugno 2024

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1

Bingel, Astrid, Kevin Fuchsel, Norbert Kaiser e Andreas Tunnermann. "Pulsed DC magnetron sputtering of transparent conductive oxide layers". Chinese Optics Letters 11, S1 (2013): S10201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201311.s10201.

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2

Huang, Jin Hua, Rui Qin Tan, Jia Li, Yu Long Zhang, Ye Yang e Wei Jie Song. "Thermal Stability of Aluminum Doped Zinc Oxide Thin Films". Materials Science Forum 685 (giugno 2011): 147–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.685.147.

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Transparent conductive oxides are key electrode materials for thin film solar cells. Aluminum doped zinc oxide has become one of the most promising transparent conductive oxide (TCO) materials because of its excellent optical and electrical properties. In this work, aluminum doped zinc oxide thin films were prepared using RF magnetron sputtering of a 4 at% ceramic target. The thermal stability of aluminum doped zinc oxide thin films was studied using various physical and structural characterization methods. It was observed that the electrical conductivity of aluminum doped zinc oxide thin films deteriorated rapidly and unevenly when it was heated up to 350 °C. When the aluminum doped zinc oxide thin films were exposed to UV ozone for a short time before heating up, its thermal stability and large area homogeneity were significantly improved. The present work provided a novel method for improving the durability of aluminum doped zinc oxides as transparent conductive electrodes in thin film solar cells.

3

Yan, Jianhua, Yuanyuan Zhang, Yun Zhao, Jun Song, Shuhui Xia, Shujie Liu, Jianyong Yu e Bin Ding. "Transformation of oxide ceramic textiles from insulation to conduction at room temperature". Science Advances 6, n. 6 (febbraio 2020): eaay8538. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aay8538.

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Oxide ceramics are considered to be nonconductive brittle materials, which limits their applications in emerging fields such as conductive textiles. Here, we show a facile domino-cascade reduction method that enables rapid transformation of ceramic nanofiber textiles from insulation to conduction at room temperature. After putting dimethylacetamide-wetted textiles, including TiO2, SnO2, BaTiO3, and Li0.33La0.56TiO3, on lithium plates, the self-driven chemical reactions induce defects in oxides. These defects initiate an interfacial insulation-to-conductive phase transition, which triggers the domino-cascade reduction from the interface to the whole textile. Correspondingly, the conductivity of the textile sharply increased from 0 to 40 S/m over a period of 1 min. The modified oxide textiles exhibit enhanced electrochemical performance when substituting the metallic current collectors of lithium batteries. This room temperature reduction method can protect the nanostructures while inducing defects in oxide ceramic textiles, appealing for numerous applications.

4

SEDEFOĞLU, Nazmi, e Ayşenur ŞAHİN. "Synthesis and Characterization of Sb+5/Mg+2 Cosubstituted In2O3 Transparent Conductive Oxides by Solid State Reaction Method at Different Temperatures". Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Fen Dergisi 17, n. 2 (25 novembre 2022): 453–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.29233/sdufeffd.1167319.

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In modern technology, transparent conductive oxides play a critical role. One of the most popular transparent conductive oxides is indium tin oxide. However, due to its scarcity, indium is a costly metal. In this study, high temperature solid state reactions method was used to synthesize Sb+5/Mg+2 cosubstituted In2O3 transparent conductive oxide materials (Mg2X/3In2-XSbX/3O3 named MISO). By decreasing the indium ratio and substituting Sb+5/Mg+2, transparent conductive oxides with low costs were produced in this work, and the influence of the proportion of substituted material on the structural, electrical, and optical properties of indium oxide was examined with XRD, Hall measurement system and UV-Vis spectrometer respectively. The samples were prepared as powder and pellet at 1250 °C and 1350 °C temperatures. It was observed that samples crystallize in bixbyite structure. The band gaps of MISO samples produced at 1350 °C were found to be lower than those synthesized at 1250 °C. Electrical analyzes with four-point probes showed that the materials have n-type electrical conductivity.

5

Li, Bing, Yan Hong Li e Wen Xing Chen. "A Study on Carbon Electro-Conductive Filler for the Epoxy Conductive Coating". Advanced Materials Research 291-294 (luglio 2011): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.291-294.41.

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To ensure the use of oil tank safely, it is necessary that the conductive coating was used in inner oil tank. This paper concentrates on a study of the electrical properties (surface resistance rate) of epoxy resins filled with different types of carbon pigments, such as colloid graphite, carbon black and mixture of colloid graphite/carbon black, as well as on the investigation of some mechanical properties, appearance and morphology .To produce a light grey and conductive coating, titanium oxide and carbon electro-conductive pigments were investigated in this article. The objective of the experiment therefore was to choose the optimal electro-conductive filler and determine the optimal mix ratio of colloid graphite/ carbon black and titanium oxide /colloid graphite and titanium oxide /mixable electro-conductive filler. From the experiment analysis, it was found that the optimized colloid graphite and carbon black mix ratio is 3:1; the optimized titanium oxide and colloid graphite mix ratio is 1:1; the optimized titanium oxide and mixable electro-conductive filler mix ratio is 8:1. In terms of resistance rate and color, we may arrive at the conclusion that 15μm colloid graphite as the optimized electro- conductive pigments and the optimal mix ratio of titanium oxide /colloid graphite is 1:1.

6

Jia, Junjun, Takashi Yagi e Yuzo Shigesato. "Thermal conduction in polycrystalline or amorphous transparent conductive oxide films". Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 271 (luglio 2024): 112872. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2024.112872.

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7

Ito, Takeru, Keisuke Mikurube, Minako Taira e Haruo Naruke. "Conductive hybrid crystals comprising oxide clusters and surfactants". Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (5 agosto 2014): C1242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314087579.

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Conductive hybrid layered crystals were successfully constructed by employing polyoxometalate anionic clusters and cationic surfactants. Such ionic crystals are a rare series of materials, and both polyoxometalate and surfactant components can be flexibly selected to construct functional inorganic-organic hybrids [1-3]. Their layered structures contribute to the emergence of conductive property. The conductivity was estimated by alternating current (AC) impedance spectroscopy. Decatungstate (W10) and tetramolybdate (Mo4) anions formed stable single crystals together with hexadecylpyridinium (C16py), and the crystal structures were revealed by X-ray diffraction analyses. The crystals exhibited the alternate stacking of W10 or Mo4 layers and surfactant layers. The obtained conductivity values were in the range of 10–6 to 10–5 S cm–1 order over 423 K. On the other hand, decavanadate (V10) anion formed layered crystals with alkyltrimethylammonium (Cn, n = 10 – 16). The hybrid crystals contained diprotonated V10 anions, and exhibited proton conductivity at intermediate temperatures (> 373 K) without humidification. The conductivities for C14-V10 and C16-V10 were ca. 1 x 10–4 S cm–1 over 393 K under argon atmosphere. Anhydrous proton conduction is crucial property for fuel-cell technology, and V10-surfactant crystals are possible candidates for proton-conducting electrolyte of fuel cells. The polyoxometalate-surfactant hybrid crystals having appropriate combination would pave a way to another class of hybrid conductors.

8

Tröger, David, Johanna Reif, Thomas Mikolajick e Matthias Grube. "Hole selective nickel oxide as transparent conductive oxide". Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A 40, n. 1 (gennaio 2022): 013409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/6.0001391.

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9

Mityushova, Yulia A., Sergey A. Krasikov, Alexey A. Markov, Elmira I. Denisova e Vadim V. Kartashov. "Effect of a stabilizing additive on the electroconductivity of ZrO2-based ceramics". Butlerov Communications 58, n. 5 (31 maggio 2019): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.37952/roi-jbc-01/19-58-5-105.

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The creation of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) is one of the promising solutions to the problem of electricity supply. It is advantageous to use stabilized zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) as solid electrolytes in SOFC. In this paper, zirconium dioxide powders with additives of yttrium and scandium oxides (ZrO2–Y2O3, ZrO2–Sc2O3 and ZrO2–Y2O3–Sc2O3) were synthesized. Ceramic samples were obtained from the powders to study the effect of stabilizing additives on the conductive properties of zirconium dioxide. The addition of yttrium oxide Y2O3 in an amount of 8 mol. % contributed to the formation of a solid cubic solution of zirconium dioxide, and scandium oxide Sc2O3 increased the strength and conductive characteristics of the material. The definition of the conductive characteristics was carried out by impedance spectroscopy. Platinum paste was preliminarily applied by printing, which, when measured, ensured contact with the entire surface of the sample under study. It is shown that the addition of yttrium oxide contributes to the formation of a solid cubic solution of zirconium dioxide, and scandium oxide increases the strength (microhardness) and conductive characteristics of the material. Of interest is the simultaneous alloying of zirconium dioxide with scandium and yttrium oxides. The results of determining the properties of ceramic samples showed that the increase in electrical conductivity is more influenced by the addition of Sc2O3 compared with the addition of Y2O3. Stabilization without yttrium oxide leads to unstable conductivity values over time. A sample of ZrO2 – 1 mol%. – Y2O3 – 8 % mol. Sc2O3 has the potential to be used as an electrolyte in solid oxide fuel cells.

10

Kotta, Ashique, e Hyung Kee Seo. "Facile Synthesis of Highly Conductive Vanadium-Doped NiO Film for Transparent Conductive Oxide". Applied Sciences 10, n. 16 (5 agosto 2020): 5415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10165415.

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Metal-oxide-based electrodes play a crucial role in various transparent conductive oxide (TCO) applications. Among the p-type materials, nickel oxide is a promising electrically conductive material due to its good stability, large bandgap, and deep valence band. Here, we display pristine and 3 at.%V-doped NiO synthesized by the solvothermal decomposition method. The properties of both the pristine and 3 at.%V:NiO nanoparticles were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The film properties were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and a source meter. Our results suggest that incorporation of vanadium into the NiO lattice significantly improves both electrical conductivity and hole extraction. Also, 3 at.%V:NiO exhibits a lower crystalline size when compared to pristine nickel oxide, which maintains the reduction of surface roughness. These results indicate that vanadium is an excellent dopant for NiO.

11

Wu, Xiao Li, Yu Zhen Yuan, Han Fa Liu e Yun Yan Liu. "Up-Conversion Mechanisms and Application of Rare Earth-Doped ZnO". Applied Mechanics and Materials 312 (febbraio 2013): 373–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.312.373.

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Zinc oxide (ZnO) the film is a new type of transparent conductive oxides (TCO) material; it has a green environmental application prospect and hopeful to be substitution of indium tin oxide, so it has been the research focus of TCO materials. The rare earth ion like Yb3+, and Ho3+, Er3+shall be applied to satisfy the up-conversion function, and rare earth elements doped ZnO transparent conductive films will prepared. The play is to study the mechanism of up-conversion and energy transitions that the rare earth ions in the ZnO transparent conductive film. Through the theoretical analysis with the performance of the zinc oxide thin films explore optimization scheme, and aim to prepare out doped-ZnO and transparent conductive film that have both excellent photoelectric performance and up-conversion function. This new type of ZnO transparent conductive film with up-conversion function, it will have important theoretical significance in production of green environment materials and good application prospect in the field of sole cells, photoelectric detection luminescent device and so on.

12

Rodriguez, N., D. Maldonado, F. J. Romero, F. J. Alonso, A. M. Aguilera, A. Godoy, F. Jimenez-Molinos, F. G. Ruiz e J. B. Roldan. "Resistive Switching and Charge Transport in Laser-Fabricated Graphene Oxide Memristors: A Time Series and Quantum Point Contact Modeling Approach". Materials 12, n. 22 (13 novembre 2019): 3734. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12223734.

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This work investigates the sources of resistive switching (RS) in recently reported laser-fabricated graphene oxide memristors by means of two numerical analysis tools linked to the Time Series Statistical Analysis and the use of the Quantum Point Contact Conduction model. The application of both numerical procedures points to the existence of a filament connecting the electrodes that may be interrupted at a precise point within the conductive path, resulting in resistive switching phenomena. These results support the existing model attributing the memristance of laser-fabricated graphene oxide memristors to the modification of a conductive path stoichiometry inside the graphene oxide.

13

Wang, Ya Nan, Peng Fei Gu, Jia Jia Cao, Tian Quan Lv, Tie Qiang Zhang, Yi Ding Wang e Yu Zhang. "Graphene Based Transparent Conductive Electrode". Advanced Materials Research 468-471 (febbraio 2012): 1823–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.468-471.1823.

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As indium tin oxide (ITO) can not meet the demands of many devices due to its fragility, graphene seems to be a good alternative for transparent conductor purpose. Here we employ two methods to prepare graphene oxide films, and then process them with hydroiodic acid (HI) for reduction, aiming to get an optimized scheme and higher film quality. Finally the reduced graphene oxide films with transmittance of 70~80% at 550nm show sheet resistance of <10kΩ, which are good enough for transparent conductor uses. This study portends a promising future in this field.

14

Minami, Tadatsugu. "New n-Type Transparent Conducting Oxides". MRS Bulletin 25, n. 8 (agosto 2000): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2000.149.

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Most research to develop highly transparent and conductive thin films has focused on n-type semiconductors consisting of metal oxides. Historically, transparent conducting oxide (TCO) thin films composed of binary compounds such as SnO2 and In2O3 were developed by means of chemical- and physical-deposition methods. Impurity-doped SnO2 (Sb- or F-doped SnO2, e.g., SnO2:Sb or SnO2: F) and In2O3: Sn (indium tin oxide, ITO) films are in practical use. In addition to binary compounds, ternary compounds such as Cd2SnO4, CdSnO3, and CdIn2O4 were developed prior to 1980, but their TCO films have not yet been used widely.

15

Zaharescu, M., S. Mihaiu, A. Toader, I. Atkinson, J. Calderon-Moreno, M. Anastasescu, M. Nicolescu et al. "ZnO based transparent conductive oxide films with controlled type of conduction". Thin Solid Films 571 (novembre 2014): 727–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2014.02.090.

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Georgitsopoulou, Sofia, Ornela Petrai e Vasilios Georgakilas. "Highly conductive functionalized reduced graphene oxide". Surfaces and Interfaces 16 (settembre 2019): 152–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfin.2019.05.010.

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17

Zheng, Qingbin, Zhigang Li, Junhe Yang e Jang-Kyo Kim. "Graphene oxide-based transparent conductive films". Progress in Materials Science 64 (luglio 2014): 200–247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2014.03.004.

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18

Ataev, B. M., A. M. Bagamadova, V. V. Mamedov, A. K. Omaev e M. R. Rabadanov. "Conductive and transparent zinc oxide films". Inorganic Materials 36, n. 3 (marzo 2000): 219–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02757924.

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19

Huang, Yongtao, Ji Yu, Ning Tian, Jie Zheng, Yanmei Qu, Wenzhu Tan e Yinxian Luo. "Performance of BaCe0.8Y0.2O3-δ Proton Electrolyte Materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells by Compositing the Transition Metal Oxide NiO". Coatings 12, n. 11 (7 novembre 2022): 1692. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12111692.

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Since the conduction activation energy of a proton is low, proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells (H-SOFCs) can work at low temperatures (around 600 °C), which is conductive to maintaining the long-term stability of SOFCs. Proton conductor BaCe1-xYxO3-δ is the most commonly used electrolyte material for H-SOFCs, which directly affects the performance of SOFCs. For the purpose of realizing the high-performance BaCe0.8Y0.2O3-δ (BCY) proton electrolyte materials for SOFC, the effect of different contents of the transition metal oxide NiO on the performance of proton electrolyte BCY was studied. Specifically, BCY-x mol% NiO (named BCY, BCY + 0.5NiO, BCY + 1NiO, BCY + 2NiO, and BCY + 3NiO, when x = 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3, respectively) composite electrolyte materials were prepared, and their crystal structures, morphologies, and electrochemical properties were explored. The results showed that NiO could effectively improve the density of BCY prepared at 1400 °C and enhance the proton conductivity of BCY and the performance of BCY-based SOFCs. Among them, the BCY + 2NiO electrolyte had good density and the highest proton conductivity, and the SOFC based on the BCY + 2NiO electrolyte had the best electrochemical performance, indicating that the optimal content of the NiO additive was 2 mol% in this case. The results reported in this work are conductive to the realization of high-performance proton electrolyte materials for the SOFC.

20

Aukland, Neil, Abdellah Boudina, David S. Eddy, Joseph V. Mantese, Margarita P. Thompson e Simon S. Wang. "Alloys that form conductive and passivating oxides for proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plates". Journal of Materials Research 19, n. 6 (giugno 2004): 1723–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2004.0216.

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During the operation of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells, a high-resistance oxide is often formed on the cathode surface of base metal bipolar plates. Over time, this corrosion mechanism leads to a drop in fuel cell efficiency and potentially to complete failure. To address this problem, we have developed alloys capable of forming oxides that are both conductive and chemically stable under PEM fuel cell operating conditions. Five alloys of titanium with tantalum or niobium were investigated. The oxides were formed on the alloys by cyclic voltammetry in solutions mimicking the cathode- and anode-side environment of a PEM fuel cell. The oxides of all tested alloys had lower surface resistance than the oxide of pure titanium. We also investigated the chemical durability of Ti–Nb and Ti–Ta alloys in more concentrated solutions beyond those typically found in PEM fuel cells. The oxide films formed on Ti–Nb and Ti–Ta alloys remained conductive and chemically stable in these concentrated solutions. The stability of the oxide films was evaluated; Ti alloys having 3% Ta and Nb were identified as potential candidates for bipolar plate materials.

21

Sharafat, Mostafa Kaiyum, Md Harun Al Rashid e Md Nasiruddin. "A Review on Modified Carbon Cloth-Based Electrode for Supercapacitor". International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation XI, n. IV (2023): 55–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.51244/ijrsi.2024.1104005.

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To meet human needs on a global and financial scale, energy storage is essential. Supercapacitors (SCs) have become a focal point of attention because of their improved electrochemical capabilities, extended cycling durability, elevated specific power, and swift charge/discharge rates, outperforming conventional capacitors and batteries. Many compounds, including as metal oxides, carbon-based materials, and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), have been researched as possible supercapacitor electrode materials. The current review article covers conductive polymers, conductive polymer composites, and carbon materials used in supercapacitors. The development process, characteristics, and uses of different electrode materials such as activated carbon, metal or metal oxide, graphene or graphene oxide, and conductive polymers based on carbon cloth electrodes for supercapacitors are also covered in the current review article.

22

Li, Peng, Xingzhen Yan, Jiangang Ma, Haiyang Xu e Yichun Liu. "Highly Stable Transparent Electrodes Made from Copper Nanotrough Coated with AZO/Al2O3". Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 16, n. 4 (1 aprile 2016): 3811–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2016.11879.

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Due to their high flexibility, high conductivity and high transparency in a wide spectrum range, metal nanowires and meshes are considered to be two of the most promising candidates to replace the traditional transparent conducting films, such as tin doped indium oxide. In this paper, transparent conducting films made from copper nanotroughs are prepared by the electrospinning of polymer fibers and subsequent thermal evaporation of copper. The advantages of the technique include low junction resistance, low cost and low preparation temperature. Although the copper nanotrough transparent conducting films exhibited a low sheet resistance (19.2 Ω/sq), with a high transmittance (88% at 550 nm), the instability of copper in harsh environments seriously hinders its applications. In order to improve the stability of the metal transparent conducting films, copper nanotroughs were coated with 39 nm thick aluminum-doped zinc oxide and 1 nm thick aluminum oxide films by atomic layer deposition. The optical and electrical measurements show that coating copper nanotrough with oxides barely reduces the transparency of the films. It is worth noting that conductive oxide coating can effectively protect copper nanotroughs from thermal oxidation or acidic corrosion, whilst maintaining the same flexibility as copper nanotroughs on its own.

23

Li, Ming, Shuanhu Wang, Yang Zhao e Kexin Jin. "Review on fabrication methods of SrTiO3-based two dimensional conductive interfaces". European Physical Journal Applied Physics 93, n. 2 (febbraio 2021): 21302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjap/2021200326.

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The SrTiO3-based two dimensional conductive interfaces have attracted considerable attention in the last decade owing to the emergence of novel physical phenomena. These heterointerfaces are generally formed by depositing the films on SrTiO3 substrates. Particularly, the controllable and precise characteristics of pulsed laser deposition (PLD) allow the deposition of an atomically flat oxide films and control the growth layer-by-layer. Recently, the deposition methods of atomic layer deposition (ALD) and spin coating have exhibited an excellent practicability and many interesting results are obtained by analyzing the chemical reaction pathway. In addition, the surface treatment methods (such as high vacuum annealing, Ar+ ion irradiation and photoirradiation etc.) can also obtain the two dimensional conductive SrTiO3 effectively. Furthermore, owing to the difference of fabrication method, the SrTiO3-based two dimensional conductive interfaces significantly show different performances of the same oxides. Thus, this review compares the characteristics of different methods in preparing the SrTiO3-based interfaces. The appropriate method and process is the precondition to obtain high-quality oxide films and establish the foundation for the development of oxide and interface electronics.

24

Tsao, Lung-Chuan, Cheng-Kai Li, Yu-Kai Sun, Shih-Ying Chang e Tung-Han Chuang. "Fluxless Direct Soldering of Transparent Conductive Oxides (TCOs) to Copper". Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2021 (15 novembre 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8069719.

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Due to the combined advantages of low cost, good soldering properties, and appropriate melting temperature range, novel Sn8Zn3Bi1Mg active solder was developed for direct soldering of transparent conductive oxide (TCO) ceramic targets with oxygen-free copper at 200°C in air. The TCO specimens have aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) and zinc oxide (ZnO) ceramics. The direct soldering process was performed without the need for flux or pre-metallization of the two transparent conductive oxides. The microstructure, phase constitution, melting characteristics, and soldering properties of the Sn8Zn3Bi1Mg active solder were investigated. The liquidus temperature of the Sn8Zn3Bi1Mg active solder was 198.6°C, which was very close to the binary Sn-Zn eutectic temperature of 198.5°C. The effect of temperature on the bonding strength of the solder joints was evaluated. The shear strengths of AZO/Cu and ZnO/Cu joints soldered with Sn8Zn3Bi1Mg active solder were 10.3 and 7.5 MPa at room temperature, respectively. Increasing the temperature from room temperature to 180°C reduced the bonding shear strengths of AZO/Cu and ZnO/Cu joints to 3.3 and 3.7 MPa, respectively.

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Salimian, Ali, Abul Hasnath, Lorna Anguilano, Uchechukwu Onwukwe, Arjang Aminishahsavarani, Cova Sachez e Hari Upadhyaya. "Highly Conductive Zinc Oxide Based Transparent Conductive Oxide Films Prepared Using RF Plasma Sputtering Under Reducing Atmosphere". Coatings 10, n. 5 (13 maggio 2020): 472. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10050472.

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The spectral properties and colour functions of a radio frequency (RF)-based sputtering plasma source was monitored during consecutive sputter deposition of zinc doped indium oxide (IZO) thin films under argon and argon/hydrogen mix. The effect of target exposure to the hydrogen gas on charge density/mobility and spectral transmittance of the deposited films was investigated. We demonstrate that consecutive exposure to the hydrogen gas during the deposition process progressively affects the properties of thin films with a certain degree of continuous improvement in electrical conductivity while demonstrating that reverting to only argon from argon/ hydrogen mix follows a complex pathway, which has not been reported previously in such detail to our knowledge. We then demonstrate that this effect can be used to prepare highly conductive zinc oxide thin films without indium presence and as such eliminating the need for the expensive indium addition. We shall demonstrate that complexity observed in emission spectra can be simply identified by monitoring the colour of the plasma through its colour functions, making this technique a simple real-time monitoring method for the deposition process.

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Pietrzak, Tomasz K., Marek Wasiucionek e Jerzy E. Garbarczyk. "Towards Higher Electric Conductivity and Wider Phase Stability Range via Nanostructured Glass-Ceramics Processing". Nanomaterials 11, n. 5 (17 maggio 2021): 1321. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11051321.

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This review article presents recent studies on nanostructured glass-ceramic materials with substantially improved electrical (ionic or electronic) conductivity or with an extended temperature stability range of highly conducting high-temperature crystalline phases. Such materials were synthesized by the thermal nanocrystallization of selected electrically conducting oxide glasses. Various nanostructured systems have been described, including glass-ceramics based on ion conductive glasses (silver iodate and bismuth oxide ones) and electronic conductive glasses (vanadate-phosphate and olivine-like ones). Most systems under consideration have been studied with the practical aim of using them as electrode or solid electrolyte materials for rechargeable Li-ion, Na-ion, all-solid batteries, or solid oxide fuel cells. It has been shown that the conductivity enhancement of glass-ceramics is closely correlated with their dual microstructure, consisting of nanocrystallites (5–100 nm) confined in the glassy matrix. The disordered interfacial regions in those materials form “easy conduction” paths. It has also been shown that the glassy matrices may be a suitable environment for phases, which in bulk form are stable at high temperatures, and may exist when confined in nanograins embedded in the glassy matrix even at room temperature. Many complementary experimental techniques probing the electrical conductivity, long- and short-range structure, microstructure at the nanometer scale, or thermal transitions have been used to characterize the glass-ceramic systems under consideration. Their results have helped to explain the correlations between the microstructure and the properties of these systems.

27

Kanamori, Yoshio, Seiji Obata e Koichiro Saiki. "Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy of Chemically Synthesized Graphene Oxide and Interlayer Conduction". Chemistry Letters 40, n. 3 (5 marzo 2011): 255–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.2011.255.

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Li, Xifeng, Qun Zhang, Weina Miao, Li Huang e Zhuangjian Zhang. "Transparent conductive oxide thin films of tungsten-doped indium oxide". Thin Solid Films 515, n. 4 (dicembre 2006): 2471–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2006.07.014.

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29

Smith, Brandon H., e Michael D. Gross. "A Highly Conductive Oxide Anode for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells". Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters 14, n. 1 (2011): B1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.3505101.

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30

Ampaiwong, Jutamas, Pranee Rattanawaleedirojn, Kanokwan Saengkiettiyut, Nadnudda Rodthongkum, Pranut Potiyaraj e Niphaphun Soatthiyanon. "Reduced Graphene Oxide/Carboxymethyl Cellulose Nanocomposites: Novel Conductive Films". Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 19, n. 6 (1 giugno 2019): 3544–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2019.16120.

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Abstract (sommario):

Herein, carboxymethyl cellulose nanocomposite films incorporated with graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide were successfully prepared by a novel approach for the first time, and their alternative properties compared with the original carboxymethyl cellulose films were disclosed. For carboxymethyl cellulose/reduced graphene oxide film preparation, sodium borohydride was used as a chemical reducing agent. The carboxymethyl cellulose films were prepared by using a solvent casting method, followed by an acid treatment to decrease the water solubility (98%) while enhancing the tensile strength (15%) and elastic modulus (32%) of the original carboxymethyl cellulose films. Overall, the addition of 1.0 wt% graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide to the treated films increased the water solubility, water absorption, tensile properties and electrical conductivity. Particularly, the electrical conductivity was predominantly enhanced 1.3×105 times with graphene oxide and 2.2×105 times with reduced graphene oxide compared to the treated carboxymethyl cellulose film. The electrical conductivity of the treated carboxymethyl cellulose film also increased with an increase in reduced graphene oxide. The effects of reduced graphene oxide on the water solubility, water absorption, tensile properties and electrical conductivity of the treated carboxymethyl cellulose film were more pronounced than those of graphene oxide, especially for the electrical conductivity. In conclusion, graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide might be alternative nanofillers for improving the carboxymethyl cellulose film properties. For the future applications, carboxymethyl cellulose/reduced graphene oxide films prepared by using this approach might be employed as alternative materials in electronic packagings and electrochemical biosensors.

31

Evseev, Zakhar Ivanovich, Fedora Dmitrievna Vasileva, Svetlana Afanasyevna Smagulova e Petr Stanislavovich Dmitriev. "Highly Washable and Conductive Cotton E-textiles Based on Electrochemically Exfoliated Graphene". Materials 16, n. 3 (19 gennaio 2023): 958. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16030958.

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Abstract (sommario):

In this study, cotton e-textiles were obtained using two types of graphene oxide. The first type of graphene oxide was synthesized using the Hummers’ method. The second type was obtained by the electrochemical exfoliation of graphite in an ammonium salt solution. It was shown that e-textiles based on electrochemically exfoliated graphene have a higher electrical conductivity (2 kΩ/sq) than e-textiles based on graphene oxide obtained by the Hummers’ method (585 kΩ/sq). In addition, textiles based on electrochemically exfoliated graphene exhibit better washing and mechanical stress stability. The electrical resistance of the e-textiles increased only 1.86 times after 10 cycles of washing, compared with 48 times for the Hummers’ method graphene oxide textiles. The X-ray photoelectron spectra of the two types of graphene oxides showed similarity in their functional compositions after reduction. Studies of individual graphene flakes by atomic force microscopy showed that graphene oxide of the second type had a smaller lateral size. Raman spectroscopy showed a higher degree of sp2 structure regeneration after reduction for the second type of graphene. These properties and the tendency to form agglomerated particles determine the mechanochemical stability and high electrical conductivity of e-textiles based on electrochemically exfoliated graphene.

32

Choi, Sihyuk, Timothy C. Davenport e Sossina M. Haile. "Protonic ceramic electrochemical cells for hydrogen production and electricity generation: exceptional reversibility, stability, and demonstrated faradaic efficiency". Energy & Environmental Science 12, n. 1 (2019): 206–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ee02865f.

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Abstract (sommario):

We demonstrate excellent performance and durability at intermediate temperatures (500–650 °C) upon reversible operation of an electrochemical cell incorporating a proton-permeable, high-activity mixed conducting oxide as the air electrode, a highly proton-conductive and chemically stable perovskite oxide as the electrolyte, and a composite of Ni and the electrolyte as the fuel electrode.

33

Chung, Chih-Hung, Chiung-Yuan Lin, Tsung-Fu Yang, Hsin-Hui Huang, Tuo-Hung Hou e Blanka Magyari-Köpe. "Suppressing the filament formation by aluminum doping in anatase titanium oxide". AIP Advances 12, n. 12 (1 dicembre 2022): 125212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0127412.

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Abstract (sommario):

For a resistance random access memory whose insulating matrix is based on transition metal oxides, the underlying microscopic mechanism of its conductive filaments is crucial yet challenging to understand. In this paper, our first-principles calculations predict that titanium oxide prefers its anatase phase over rutile either with or without aluminum doping. We report that an oxygen vacancy in the anatase titanium oxide is stable in its neutral charge state when free of an external field, while it is unstable in the singly and doubly charged states. By calculating the dissociation energy of a single vacancy from a conductive filament, we also study the filament rupture that is modeled by an array of oxygen vacancies, with or without a nearby aluminum dopant. We find that for the dopants at a specific site, the conductive filaments tend to disconnect, which, in turn, enhances the endurance of a non-filamentary resistance random access memory.

34

Farrell, Leo, Emma Norton, Christopher M. Smith, David Caffrey, Igor V. Shvets e Karsten Fleischer. "Synthesis of nanocrystalline Cu deficient CuCrO2 – a high figure of merit p-type transparent semiconductor". Journal of Materials Chemistry C 4, n. 1 (2016): 126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tc03161c.

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Abstract (sommario):

The delafossite structured CuCrO₂ system is well known as p-type transparent conducting oxide. We have synthesized a Cu deficient form at low process temperature maintaining its good conductive properties.

35

Koveshnikov, Sergei, Oleg Kononenko, Oleg Soltanovich, Olesya Kapitanova, Maxim Knyazev, Vladimir Volkov e Eugene Yakimov. "Multiple Resistive Switching Mechanisms in Graphene Oxide-Based Resistive Memory Devices". Nanomaterials 12, n. 20 (16 ottobre 2022): 3626. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12203626.

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Abstract (sommario):

Among the different graphene derivatives, graphene oxide is the most intensively studied material as it exhibits reliable and repeatable resistive switching. The operative mechanisms that are responsible for resistive switching are being intensively investigated, and three models explaining the change in the resistive states have been developed. These models are grounded in the metallic-like filamentary conduction, contact resistance modification and the oxidation of/reduction in the graphene oxide bulk. In this work, using Al/GO/n-Si structures, we demonstrate that all three of these operative mechanisms can simultaneously participate in the resistive switching of graphene oxide. Multiple point-like conduction channels in the graphene oxide films were detected by the electron beam-induced current (EBIC) technique. At the same time, large areas with increased conductivity were also revealed by EBIC. An analysis of these areas by Raman spectroscopy indicates the change in the graphene oxide bulk’s resistive properties. The EBIC data along with the measurements of the capacitance–voltage characteristics provided strong evidence of the involvement of an aluminum/graphene oxide interface in the switching processes. In addition, by using Al/GO/n-Si structures, we were able to identify unique local properties of the formed conductive channels, namely the change of the charge state of a conductive channel due to the creation of negatively charged traps and/or an increase in the GO work function.

36

Jia, Q. X., J. M. Roper, P. N. Arendt, S. R. Foltyn, Y. Fan e J. R. Groves. "Oriented conductive oxide electrodes on SiO2/Si". Integrated Ferroelectrics 21, n. 1-4 (settembre 1998): 397–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10584589808202080.

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37

McGahay, Mary E., e Daniel Gall. "Conductive surface oxide on CrN(001) layers". Applied Physics Letters 114, n. 13 (aprile 2019): 131602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5091034.

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38

Kovalyuk, Z. D., V. M. Katerynchuk, A. I. Savchuk e O. M. Sydor. "Intrinsic conductive oxide–p-InSe solar cells". Materials Science and Engineering: B 109, n. 1-3 (giugno 2004): 252–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2003.10.074.

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39

Hosono, H., H. Ohta, M. Orita, K. Ueda e M. Hirano. "Frontier of transparent conductive oxide thin films". Vacuum 66, n. 3-4 (agosto 2002): 419–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0042-207x(02)00165-3.

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40

Comini, E., V. Galstyan, G. Faglia, E. Bontempi e G. Sberveglieri. "Highly conductive titanium oxide nanotubes chemical sensors". Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 208 (maggio 2015): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2015.01.040.

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41

HIROYA, T. "Conductive oxide cantilever for cryogenic nano-potentiometry". Physica B: Condensed Matter 329-333 (maggio 2003): 1635–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-4526(02)02435-3.

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42

Cho, Young-Sang, Hyang-Mi Kim, Jeong-Jin Hong, Gi-Ra Yi, Sung Hoon Jang e Seung-Man Yang. "Dispersion stabilization of conductive transparent oxide nanoparticles". Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 336, n. 1-3 (marzo 2009): 88–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2008.11.014.

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43

Schade, H., e Z. E. Smith. "Optical scattering at conductive transparent oxide surfaces". Applications of Surface Science 22-23 (maggio 1985): 839–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-5963(85)90217-x.

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44

Kornblum, Lior. "Conductive Oxide Interfaces for Field Effect Devices". Advanced Materials Interfaces 6, n. 15 (27 giugno 2019): 1900480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/admi.201900480.

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45

Kushwaha, Pallavi, Veronika Sunko, Philip J. W. Moll, Lewis Bawden, Jonathon M. Riley, Nabhanila Nandi, Helge Rosner et al. "Nearly free electrons in a 5ddelafossite oxide metal". Science Advances 1, n. 9 (ottobre 2015): e1500692. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1500692.

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Abstract (sommario):

Understanding the role of electron correlations in strong spin-orbit transition-metal oxides is key to the realization of numerous exotic phases including spin-orbit–assisted Mott insulators, correlated topological solids, and prospective new high-temperature superconductors. To date, most attention has been focused on the 5diridium-based oxides. We instead consider the Pt-based delafossite oxide PtCoO2. Our transport measurements, performed on single-crystal samples etched to well-defined geometries using focused ion beam techniques, yield a room temperature resistivity of only 2.1 microhm·cm (μΩ-cm), establishing PtCoO2as the most conductive oxide known. From angle-resolved photoemission and density functional theory, we show that the underlying Fermi surface is a single cylinder of nearly hexagonal cross-section, with very weak dispersion alongkz. Despite being predominantly composed ofd-orbital character, the conduction band is remarkably steep, with an average effective mass of only 1.14me. Moreover, the sharp spectral features observed in photoemission remain well defined with little additional broadening for more than 500 meV belowEF, pointing to suppressed electron-electron scattering. Together, our findings establish PtCoO2as a model nearly-free–electron system in a 5ddelafossite transition-metal oxide.

46

Shikama, Tatsuo, Bun Tsuchiya, Shinji Nagata e Kentaro Toh. "Electrical Conductivity of Proton Conductive Ceramics under Reactor Irradiation". Advances in Science and Technology 45 (ottobre 2006): 1974–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.45.1974.

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Abstract (sommario):

Electrical charges may be transported in ceramics by not only electrons but also by electron-holes, ions, and protons. Especially in nuclear fusion environments, electrical conductivity by proton migration (protonic conduction) will play an important role, as supply of hydrogen isotopes is sufficient and working temperature for ceramics will be in general high. In the present paper, radiation effects on the electrical conductivity of perovskite-type oxides will be reviewed, emphasizing radiation effects on transport behaviors of hydrogen and on reducing behaviors of oxide ceramics. Some perovskite-type oxides are known to have large protonic conductivity and an electrical charge state of some atomic elements composing them can be studied easily by spectroscopic techniques.

47

Tsugita, Yukihiro, e Shuichi Maeda. "Colloidal stability of polypyrrole-ITO conducting inks". Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 61, SE (24 marzo 2022): SE1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.35848/1347-4065/ac564f.

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Abstract We have obtained conducting inks through the hybridization of indium tin oxide (ITO) and polypyrrole. Different conductive inks were obtained at different ITO loadings. The zeta potentials of the polypyrrole-ITO conductive inks were investigated as functions of the pH of the solution. The polypyrrole-ITO conductive inks exhibited zero zeta potential at approximately pH = 5, and the zeta potentials varied with the pH of the solution, which also significantly depended on the pH range. Thermogravimetric analysis was performed to investigate the thermal behavior of ITO and its conductive inks. Conductivities of the conductive inks were measured by the 4-point probe method and compared to those of the neat polymer. These polypyrrole-ITO conductive inks are surfactant-free; therefore, surfactant removal is not required. Even at low temperatures, the printed electronics exhibited excellent conductivity, enabling the lighting of LED devices.

48

Lachinov A. N., Karamov D. D., Galiev A. F., Salazkin S. N., Shaposhnikova V. V., Kost T. N. e Chebotareva A. B. "Features of the charge carriers transport in the semiconductor-polymer-metal structure". Technical Physics Letters 49, n. 1 (2023): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/tpl.2023.01.55340.19388.

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Abstract (sommario):

The mechanism of charge carrier transport in the tin doped indium oxide (ITO)/polymer/Cu structure was studied for the first time, where thin films of poly(arylene ether ketone), which has the properties of electronic switching from the insulating to the highly conductive state, were used. The system under study can be considered as a model of a current-collecting contact system in a solar cell with ITO top layer. Keywords: transparent conducting oxide, conducting polymer, contact system, activation energy, tunneling.

49

Cho, Chungyeon, Yixuan Song, Ryan Allen, Kevin L. Wallace e Jaime C. Grunlan. "Stretchable electrically conductive and high gas barrier nanocomposites". Journal of Materials Chemistry C 6, n. 8 (2018): 2095–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7tc05495e.

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Abstract (sommario):

By alternately depositing trilayers of polyethylene oxide, double-walled carbon nanotubes stabilized in polyacrylic acid, and graphene oxide via layer-by-layer assembly, elastomeric conductive multilayers with a high gas barrier were prepared.

50

Lv, Chuan Mao, Yi Huang, Feng Miao e Chuan Wu Zhang. "Preparation and Properties of the P-Type Transparent Conductive Oxide CuAlO₂". Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (novembre 2014): 4303–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.4303.

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Abstract (sommario):

The P-type transparent conductive oxide CuAlO2 was prepared by solid state reaction in this paper. The chemical state, phase structure, microstructure and optical properties were characterized by Differential Thermal Analysis ( DTA),X-ray diffraction ( XRD),Scanning Electron Microscope ( SEM) and Infrared Spectroscopy ( IR) respectively. Testing results show that the product is really p-type transparent conductive oxide CuAlO2. CuAlO2 phase began to form at about 1047.7 °C.It can be formed with high density and a high infrared light transmittance of the conductive oxide at 1150 °C.