Articoli di riviste: "Conduct disorders in children"

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Scott, Stephen. "Conduct disorders in children". BMJ 334, n. 7595 (29 marzo 2007): 646. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39161.370498.be.

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Gottlieb, Susan E., e Stanford B. Friedman. "Conduct Disorders in Children and Adolescents". Pediatrics In Review 12, n. 7 (1 gennaio 1991): 218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/pir.12.7.218.

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Conduct disorder is the most prevalent psychopathologic condition of childhood. It is characterized by a persistent and repetitive pattern of aggressive, noncompliant, intrusive, and poorly self-controlled behaviors that violate either the rights of others or age-appropriate societal norms.1 These behaviors have a significant impact on the daily functioning of the child or adolescent and on the ability of parents and other adults to manage them. The specific behavioral criteria for the diagnosis of conduct disorder can be conceptualized as either aggressive or nonaggressive in type (Table 1). Examples of aggressive behaviors are physical fighting and bullying, assault, vandalism, purse snatching, physical cruelty to persons or animals, breaking and entering, and arson. More serious aggressive behaviors are armed robbery, rape, and extortion. Nonaggressive behaviors of conduct disorder include substance abuse, persistent truancy, running away from home overnight, frequent lying in a variety of social settings, theft not involving a confrontation with a victim, and chronic violation of rules or the basic rights of others. Three subtypes of conduct disorder are identified in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, revised 3rd edition.1 These are descriptions of the functional contexts in which the particular behavior problems occur. The group type involves problematic behaviors that occur as part of an activity with peers.

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Gottlieb, S. E., e S. B. Friedman. "Conduct Disorders in Children and Adolescents". Pediatrics in Review 12, n. 7 (1 gennaio 1991): 218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/pir.12-7-218.

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Baker, Karen. "Conduct disorders in children and adolescents". Paediatrics and Child Health 19, n. 2 (febbraio 2009): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paed.2008.10.008.

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Baker, Karen. "Conduct disorders in children and adolescents". Paediatrics and Child Health 23, n. 1 (gennaio 2013): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paed.2012.09.007.

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Baker, Karen. "Conduct disorders in children and adolescents". Paediatrics and Child Health 26, n. 12 (dicembre 2016): 534–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paed.2016.08.009.

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Kuty-Pachecka, Marta, e Katarzyna Stefańska. "Conduct disorders in children and adolescents". Family Upbringing 11, n. 1 (14 agosto 2023): 291–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.61905/wwr/171068.

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Zaburzenia zachowania są jednym z częstszych dolegliwości u dzieci w szkole. W niniejszym referacie przedstawimy ogóle spojrzenia na problematykę zaburzeń w zachowaniu. Zostaną zaprezentowane kryteria diagnostyczne stosowane przez psychologów w ocenia rodzaju zaburzenia. W dalszej części zostanie opisana epidemiologia i scharakteryzowane czynniki predysponujące do występowania tego zaburzenia u dzieci i młodzieży. Wczesne rozpoznanie zaburzeń zachowania, prawidłowo postawiona diagnoza i kompleksowe postępowanie terapeutyczne przyśpiesza proces zdrowienia oraz utrzymania zdrowia młodych pacjentów. W toku rozważań wskażemy na główne metody terapii zaburzeń zachowania, które powinny znaleźć się w programie terapeutycznym, rozpoczynając od terapii grupowej dziecka, terapii interakcji rodzic – dziecko, treningów behawioralnych dla rodziców i umiejętności rozwiązywania problemów, a także szkolnych programów interwencyjnych. Artykuł ma na celu przybliżenie zaburzeń zachowania w kategoriach dysfunkcji dzieci i młodzieży oraz zaprezentowanie form oddziaływań terapeutycznych.

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Matthys, W., W. Walterbos, L. Njio e H. Engeland. "Person Perception in Children with Conduct Disorders". Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 30, n. 3 (maggio 1989): 439–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1989.tb00257.x.

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Vostanis, Panos, Howard Meltzer, Robert Goodman e Tasmin Ford. "Service utilisation by children with conduct disorders". European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 12, n. 5 (1 ottobre 2003): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00787-003-0330-6.

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KAZDIN, ALAN E. "Children With Conduct Disorders: A Psychotherapy Manual". American Journal of Psychiatry 149, n. 8 (agosto 1992): 1110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ajp.149.8.1110.

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Newcorn, Jeffrey H., Scott R. Miller, Iliyan Ivanova, Kurt P. Schulz, Jessica Kalmar, David J. Marks e Jeffrey M. Halperin. "Adolescent Outcome of ADHD: Impact of Childhood Conduct and Anxiety Disorders". CNS Spectrums 9, n. 9 (settembre 2004): 668–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900001942.

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ABSTRACTObjective: This study examines the impact of comorbidity of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with disruptive and anxiety disorders in childhood on clinical course and outcome. We consider the relative contribution of each comorbid symptom constellation, and also their interaction, to assess the following questions: (1) Does early comorbidity with conduct disorder (CD) and anxiety disorders define specific developmental trajectories?; (2) Is comorbid anxiety disorders in childhood continuous with anxiety disorders in adolescence?; (3) Does comorbid anxiety disorders mitigate the negative behavioral outcome of youth with ADHD?; and (4) Is there an interaction between comorbid CD and anxiety disorders, when they occur simultaneously, that predicts a different outcome than either comorbid condition alone?Method: Thirty-two 15- to 18-year-old adolescent males, diagnosed with ADHD between 7 and 11 years of age, were re-evaluated for assessment of adolescent outcome 4.3–9.2 years later. Hierarchical regression analyses were run with each of the eight Child Behavior Checklist and Youth Self-Report problem scales, and the four anxiety symptom subscales of the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children serving as outcome variables.Results: Findings indicate that comorbid CD at baseline predicteds parent reports of behavior problems in adolescence, while comorbid anxiety disorders in childhood predicted youth reports of anxiety and social problems. Anxiety disorders without CD did not predict poor behavioral outcome. Children with both comorbid CD and anxiety disorder had the highest levels of parent-rated symptoms on follow up. In particular, adolescent social problems were best predicted by the combination of comorbid CD and anxiety disorder in childhood.Conclusion: These data provide evidence that children with ADHD plus anxiety disorder do in fact have anxiety disorders, and that the combination of anxiety disorder and CD predicts a more rather than less severe course.

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Byrne, Jacqueline, e Alan Carr. "Psychosocial profiles of Irish children with conduct disorders, mixed disorders of conduct and emotion and emotional disorders". Irish Journal of Psychology 16, n. 2 (gennaio 1995): 117–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03033910.1995.10558049.

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Danforth, Jeffrey S., Leonard A. Doerfler e Daniel F. Connor. "Does Anxiety Modify the Risk for, or Severity of, Conduct Problems Among Children With Co-Occurring ADHD: Categorical and Dimensional and Analyses". Journal of Attention Disorders 23, n. 8 (28 agosto 2017): 797–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054717723985.

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Objective: The goal was to examine whether anxiety modifies the risk for, or severity of, conduct problems in children with ADHD. Method: Assessment included both categorical and dimensional measures of ADHD, anxiety, and conduct problems. Analyses compared conduct problems between children with ADHD features alone versus children with co-occurring ADHD and anxiety features. Results: When assessed by dimensional rating scales, results showed that compared with children with ADHD alone, those children with ADHD co-occurring with anxiety are at risk for more intense conduct problems. When assessment included a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV) diagnosis via the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children–Epidemiologic Version (K-SADS), results showed that compared with children with ADHD alone, those children with ADHD co-occurring with anxiety neither had more intense conduct problems nor were they more likely to be diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder. Conclusion: Different methodological measures of ADHD, anxiety, and conduct problem features influenced the outcome of the analyses.

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Garralda, M. Elena, John Connell e David C. Taylor. "Psychophysiological anomalies in children with emotional and conduct disorders". Psychological Medicine 21, n. 4 (novembre 1991): 947–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700029937.

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SYNOPSISWe studied patterns of psychophysiological (skin conductance, heart rate) reactivity to sounds and to situations with varying emotional and alerting connotations in child psychiatric out-patients and in healthy controls. Children with emotional disorders were particularly reactive to situations with aversive components, while conduct disorder subjects showed increased reactivity to pleasant situations and decreased responses to neutral but high-intensity stimulation and to withdrawal of stimulation in silence periods. The results indicate patterns of biological reactivity which may underlie different psychiatric disturbances in children.

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Matthys, Walter. "Residential Behavior Therapy for Children with Conduct Disorders". Behavior Modification 21, n. 4 (ottobre 1997): 512–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/01454455970214007.

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Barnes, Hugh. "Treating conduct and oppositional defiant disorders in children". Journal of Adolescence 14, n. 4 (dicembre 1991): 405–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-1971(91)90013-h.

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Meltzer, Howard, Tamsin Ford, Robert Goodman e Panos Vostanis. "The Burden of Caring for Children with Emotional or Conduct Disorders". International Journal of Family Medicine 2011 (31 maggio 2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/801203.

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Introduction. There is a paucity of evidence from epidemiological studies on the burden of children's emotional and conduct disorders on their parents. The main purpose of this study is to describe the problems experienced by parents of children with conduct and emotional disorders using data from a large national study on the mental health of children and young people in Great Britain. Materials and Methods. The Development and Well-Being Assessment and sections of the Child and Adolescent Burden Assessment were included in a nationally representative survey of the mental health of 10,438 children, aged 5–15, in Great Britain. Results and Discussion. Approximately half the parents of children with conduct disorder reported that they felt restricted in doing things socially with or without their children, embarrassed about their child's problems, and that these also made the relationship with their partner more strained. Conclusions. There is a growing need for research on the consequences of children mental disorders on families to increase the awareness of frontline workers on the burden to parents. Because parents feel embarrassed and stigmatized, they may hide their own feelings which may further exacerbate the situation.

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Wragg, Jeff. "The nature and treatment of internalising disorders: A cognitive behavioural perspective". Journal of Psychologists and Counsellors in Schools 3 (novembre 1993): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1037291100002156.

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Achenbach and Edelbrock (1983) classify childhood problems into two very broad categories identified as either externalising or internalising disorders. Most school counsellors, school psychologists or guidance officers working with children and adolescents are familiar with the category of externalising disorders as these children exhibit problems in self-management and self control. These children are often noisy, aggressive, impulsive and non-compliant and fit into such categories as oppositional disorders, conduct disorders and attention deficit hyperactive disorders. In comparison to externalising problems such as attention deficit-hyperactive behaviours or oppositional and conduct disorders, the internalising disorder category may fail to receive the kind of attention they warrant. Internalising disorders of childhood may include such problems as excessive quietness and shyness, separation anxiety, over-anxious and avoidance problems. Normal, healthy and well cared-for children may experience rejection.

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Kerr, Mary Margaret, Steven R. Forness, Kenneth A. Kavale, Bryan H. King e Connie Kasari. "Simple versus Complex Conduct Disorders: Identification and Phenomenology". Behavioral Disorders 19, n. 4 (agosto 1994): 306–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019874299401900403.

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Children with conduct disorders are among the most frequent referrals for psychiatric or other mental health treatment; yet the diagnosis of conduct disorders is also frequently seen as a reason to exclude children or youth from special education and related mental health services. This article highlights the possibility that associated with conduct disorders or its symptoms may be a variety of other psychiatric disorders requiring very different interventions. Extrapolation of symptoms from classroom inattention or disruptive behavior and estimated prevalence are discussed.

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FARAONE, S. V., J. BIEDERMAN, J. G. JETTON e M. T. TSUANG. "Attention deficit disorder and conduct disorder: longitudinal evidence for a familial subtype". Psychological Medicine 27, n. 2 (marzo 1997): 291–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291796004515.

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Background. An obstacle to the successful classification of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the frequently reported co-morbidity between ADHD and conduct disorder (CD). Prior work suggested that from a familial perspective, ADHD children with CD may be aetiologically distinct from those without CD.Methods. Using family study methodology and three longitudinal assessments over 4 years, we tested hypotheses about patterns of familial association between ADHD, CD, oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and adult antisocial personality disorder (ASPD).Results. At the 4-year follow-up, there were 34 children with lifetime diagnoses of ADHD + CD, 59 with ADHD + ODD and 33 with ADHD only. These were compared with 92 non-ADHD, non-CD, non-ODD control probands. Familial risk analysis revealed the following: (1) relatives of each ADHD proband subgroup were at significantly greater risk for ADHD and ODD than relatives of normal controls; (2) rates of CD and ASPD were elevated among relatives of ADHD + CD probands only; (3) the co-aggregation of ADHD and the antisocial disorders could not be accounted for by marriages between ADHD and antisocial spouses; and (4) both ADHD and antisocial disorders occurred in the same relatives more often than expected by chance alone.Conclusions. These findings suggest that ADHD with and without antisocial disorders may be aetiologically distinct disorders and provide evidence for the nosologic validity of ICD-10 hyperkinetic conduct disorder.

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CHERVIN, RONALD D., JAMES E. DILLON, KRISTEN HEDGER ARCHBOLD e DEBORAH L. RUZICKA. "Conduct Problems and Symptoms of Sleep Disorders in Children". Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 42, n. 2 (febbraio 2003): 201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-200302000-00014.

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Scott, Stephen. "Treatment of conduct disorders in children through parent training". European Psychiatry 17, S2 (maggio 2002): 279s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(02)85029-5.

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Inci, Sevim Berrin, Melis Ipci, Ulkü Akyol Ardıç e Eyüp Sabri Ercan. "Psychiatric Comorbidity and Demographic Characteristics of 1,000 Children and Adolescents With ADHD in Turkey". Journal of Attention Disorders 23, n. 11 (31 agosto 2016): 1356–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054716666954.

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Objective: The objective was to examine the frequency of comorbid disorders in children and adolescents with ADHD in Turkey and to evaluate the distribution of comorbidities according to the subtypes of ADHD and sociodemographic features. Method: The sample consisted of 1,000 children, 6 to 18 years of age, including 242 females and 758 males, from Ege University who were diagnosed with ADHD. Results: The overall prevalence rate of psychiatric comorbidity in the study was 56.3%. The most frequently observed comorbidity was oppositional defiant disorder with a rate of 37.4%. Conduct disorder, depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and anxiety disorder accompanied ADHD, respectively. The results revealed that 70.2% of the children with ADHD-Combine type had at least one psychiatric comorbidity. Oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, depressive disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder accompanied ADHD-Combine type in 54.6%, 12.6%, 8.1%, and 8.8% of the participants, respectively. Conclusion: These findings provide valuable information about the comorbid disorders in children and adolescents with a very large clinical sample of ADHD children.

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Shea, Caroline K. S., Marshall M. C. Lee, Kelly Y. C. Lai, Ernest S. L. Luk e Patrick W. L. Leung. "Prevalence of Anxiety Disorders in Hong Kong Chinese Children With ADHD". Journal of Attention Disorders 22, n. 5 (18 dicembre 2014): 403–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054714562830.

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Objective: This study examined the prevalence and correlates of anxiety disorders in Chinese children with ADHD. Method: Overall, 120 children with ADHD aged 6 to 12 years were recruited, and the parent version of computerized Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children–Version 4 was administrated to their primary caretakers. Results: The prevalence rate of anxiety disorders was 27.5%, which is consistent with the reports of previous Asian and Western studies. Among the children with ADHD and anxiety disorders, more than 50% of them also had comorbid oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder (ODD/CD), which yielded an adjusted odds ratio of 3.0 in multivariable analysis for anxiety disorder, with comorbid ODD/CD. In addition, anxiety disorders were positively associated with inattention symptoms in children with both disorders. Conclusion: Clinicians should perform screening and careful assessment for anxiety symptoms in children with ADHD, particularly those suffering from comorbid ODD/CD.

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Reebye, P., Mm Moretti e Jc Lessard. "Conduct Disorder and Substance use Dlsorder: Comorbidity in a Clinical Sample of Preadolescents and Adolescents". Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 40, n. 6 (agosto 1995): 313–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674379504000606.

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Objective To examine the rate of comorbidity between conduct disorder and substance use disorder in a clinical sample using the Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents - Revised. Method Examined the pattern of conduct disorder symptoms, including type, number, and severity, in conduct-disordered youth diagnosed with, and without a comorbid substance use disorder. Results The examination revealed no significant differences in the incidence of comorbidity between younger (aged 10 to 13) and older (above age 13) youth. Among youth who met criteria for conduct disorder, 52% also met criteria for a substance use disorder. Odds ratios indicated that the probability of comorbidity of conduct and substance use disorders was higher in the younger group. Conclusion Substance abuse and dependence tend to develop rapidly following first use, suggesting that a slim window of opportunity exists to prevent substance disorders once drug use has begun.

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Masroor, Anum, Rikinkumar S. Patel, Narmada N. Bhimanadham, Sanjeetha Raveendran, Naveed Ahmad, Uwandu Queeneth, Amaya Pankaj e Zeeshan Mansuri. "Conduct Disorder-Related Hospitalization and Substance Use Disorders in American Teens". Behavioral Sciences 9, n. 7 (5 luglio 2019): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs9070073.

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Objective: Our study aimed to compare the demographic characteristics of conduct disorder (CD) inpatients versus other psychiatric inpatients in children and adolescents, and assess the association between conduct disorder patients and the spectrum of substance use disorders (SUD). Methods: We included 800,614 psychiatric adolescent (12–18 years) inpatients, and this included 8885 inpatients (1.1%) primarily for conduct disorder in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2010–2014). ICD-9 codes were used to detect SUD, and a logistic regression model was used to evaluate the odds ratio (OR) for SUD in conduct disorder inpatients. Results: A higher proportion of conduct disorder inpatients were of 12–15 years of age (62.6%), male (64.4%), and White (45.7%). The lower median household income was correlated with a higher prevalence of conduct disorder (36.4%). Among SUD, cannabis use (23.7%) was most prevalent in conduct disorder inpatients followed by tobacco and alcohol use (10.1% each). Conduct disorder inpatients have 1.7-fold higher odds (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.52–1.82) for alcohol use and 1.4-fold higher odds (95% CI 1.31–1.49) for cannabis use compared to the non-conduct disorder inpatients. Cannabis use was seen significantly in adolescents (49.1%, 12–15 years), male (75.6%), and African Americans (45.6%). Conclusion: Conduct disorder inpatients have a higher risk of comorbid SUD compared to other psychiatric illnesses. The most common substance to be abused is cannabis followed by tobacco and alcohol. Varying pattern of substance use was seen by demographics and these predictors may help the clinicians for early diagnosis and treatment to improve overall health-related quality of life.

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Patel, Rikinkumar, Neelima Amaravadi, Harkeerat Bhullar, Jay Lekireddy e Honey Win. "Understanding the Demographic Predictors and Associated Comorbidities in Children Hospitalized with Conduct Disorder". Behavioral Sciences 8, n. 9 (4 settembre 2018): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs8090080.

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Objective: To determine the demographic predictors and comorbidities in hospitalized children with conduct disorder. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2012–2014). All patients were ≤18 years old and cases with a primary diagnosis of conduct disorder (n = 32,345), and a comparison group with another psychiatric diagnosis (n = 410,479) were identified using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM)diagnosis codes. A logistic regression model was used to generate the odds ratio (OR) between both groups. Results: Children < 11 years old have a five times greater chance of admission for conduct disorder than adolescents (OR = 5.339). African American males are more likely to be admitted for conduct disorder. Children with conduct disorder from low-income families have a 1.5 times higher likelihood of inpatient admission compared to high-income families. These children have an about eleven times higher odds of comorbid psychosis (OR = 11.810) and seven times higher odds of depression (OR = 7.093) compared to the comparison group. Conclusion: Conduct disorders are more debilitating for children and families than many providers realize. African American males under 11 years are at the highest risk of inpatient management for conduct disorder. These patients have a higher risk of comorbid psychosis and depression, which may further deteriorate the severity of illness and require acute inpatient care.

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Johnson, Sarah E., David Lawrence, Michael Sawyer e Stephen R. Zubrick. "Mental disorders in Australian 4- to 17- year olds: Parent-reported need for help". Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 52, n. 2 (2 maggio 2017): 149–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004867417706032.

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Objective: To describe the extent to which parents report that 4- to 17-year-olds with symptoms meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition criteria for mental disorders need help, the types of help needed, the extent to which this need is being met and factors associated with a need for help. Method: During 2013–2014, a national household survey of the mental health of Australia’s young people (Young Minds Matter) was conducted, involving 6310 parents (and carers) of 4- to 17-year-olds. The survey identified 12-month mental disorders using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children – Version IV ( n = 870) and asked parents about the need for four types of help – information, medication, counselling and life skills. Results: Parents of 79% of 4- to 17-year-olds with mental disorders reported that their child needed help, and of these, only 35% had their needs fully met. The greatest need for help was for those with major depressive disorder (95%) and conduct disorder (93%). Among these, 39% of those with major depressive disorder but only 19% of those with conduct disorder had their needs fully met. Counselling was the type of help most commonly identified as being needed (68%). In multivariate models, need for counselling was higher when children had autism or an intellectual disability, in blended families, when parents were distressed, and in the most advantaged socioeconomic areas. Conclusions: Many children and adolescents meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition criteria for mental disorders have a completely unmet need for help, especially those with conduct disorders. Even with mild disorders, lack of clinical assessment represents an important missed opportunity for early intervention and treatment.

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McCarthy, James, Keith Kraseski, Inika Schvartz, Veronica Mercado, Nicole Daisy, Lauren Tobing e Erin Ryan. "Sustained Attention, Visual Processing Speed, and IQ in Children and Adolescents with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder and Psychosis Not otherwise Specified". Perceptual and Motor Skills 100, n. 3_suppl (giugno 2005): 1097–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.100.3c.1097-1106.

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To investigate the cognitive functioning of children and adolescents with Schizophrenia Spectrum disorders and Psychosis Not Otherwise Specified, 22 child and adolescent psychiatric inpatients and day-hospital patients at a state psychiatric hospital with Schizophrenia Spectrum disorders, 30 with Psychosis Not Otherwise Specified, and 130 with other psychiatric disorders, ages 8 to 17 years, were administered the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–III for psychological assessment at admission. The Performance IQs of the ADHD and the Conduct Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder groups were significantly higher than those of the Schizophrenia Spectrum and the Psychosis Not Otherwise Specified groups, and the Full Scale IQs of the Conduct Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder group were significantly higher than those of the Schizophrenia Spectrum group and the Psychosis Not Otherwise Specified group. The Coding scores of the ADHD group were significantly higher than those of the Schizophrenia Spectrum, the Psychosis Not Otherwise Specified, and the Bipolar Disorder groups. There was a significant negative correlation between age and Digit Span for the Schizophrenia Spectrum disorders group.

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Donfrancesco, Renato, Michela Di Trani, Elda Andriola, Daniela Leone, Maria G. Torrioli, Francesca Passarelli e Melissa P. DelBello. "Bipolar Disorder in Children With ADHD: A Clinical Sample Study". Journal of Attention Disorders 21, n. 9 (11 luglio 2014): 715–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054714539999.

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Objective: To explore the impact of early-onset bipolar disorder (pediatric bipolar disorder [PBD]) on ADHD. Method: We compared ADHD symptom severity, ADHD subtype distribution, and rates of comorbid and familial psychiatric disorders between 49 ADHD children with comorbid PBD and 320 ADHD children without PBD. Results: Children with ADHD and PBD showed higher scores in the Hyperactive and Inattentive subscales of the ADHD Rating Scale, than children with ADHD alone. The frequency of combined subtype was significantly higher in ADHD children with PBD, than in those with ADHD alone. ADHD children with PBD showed a higher rate of familial psychiatric disorders than ADHD children without PBD. The rate of conduct disorder was significantly greater in children with PBD and ADHD compared with children with ADHD alone. Conclusion: ADHD along with PBD presents with several characteristics that distinguish it from ADHD alone, suggesting that these may be distinct disorders.

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Mphahlele, Ramatladi Meriam, Basil Joseph Pillay e Anneke Meyer. "Symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder and anger in children with ADHD". South African Journal of Education 43, n. 1 (28 febbraio 2023): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15700/saje.v43n1a2136.

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With the research reported on here we sought to determine whether children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) displayed more symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), conduct disorder (CD) and anger, which are categorised as externalising disorders, when contrasted to the control group and, also, whether gender and age impacted these ADHD comorbidities. ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that presents before the age of 12 years according to which an individual displays a recurrent pattern of extreme inattentiveness, overactivity, and impulsiveness that inhibits performance, and is not age-appropriate. ODD is defined as a psychological syndrome characterised by disruptive behaviour, a pattern of anger and irritability, confrontational, and spiteful behaviour. CD is a psychological and behavioural syndrome characterised by difficulties with following rules, recurrent patterns of hostility, destruction, and dishonesty. Anger is a frequent reaction (contrasted to ordinary irritable mood), intense and long-lasting defensive or retaliatory response to perceived provocation or threat, which interferes with normal functioning. Both teacher and parent ratings on the Disruptive Behavior Disorders Scale, and self-report on the Anger Inventory of the Beck Youth Inventories were employed in this investigation. The sample (n = 216) consisted of 216 school children aged 6 to 15 years that were divided into an ADHD group and a matched control group without ADHD (50 boys and 58 girls in each group). The results indicate that children with ADHD displayed notably elevated symptoms of ODD, CD and anger. The externalising disorders are more pronounced in boys with ADHD than in girls. Age had no effect on the results. We recommend that externalising comorbidities should be the target of early interventions. Our findings contribute to the debate about how best to conceptualise ADHD regarding related behavioural and emotional disturbances, and the treatment thereof. Since these symptoms occur during childhood and progress to adolescence, early identification and management may improve the livelihood of those affected.

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Gilla, Deepthi, Karunakara Moorthi Sanjeevi, Sreeja KR e Sreelakshmy SR. "Homoeopathy for Reducing Disruptive Behavioural Symptoms in Children with Conduct Disorder-". International Journal of High Dilution Research - ISSN 1982-6206 22, cf (5 luglio 2023): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.51910/ijhdr.v22icf.1273.

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Abstract (sommario):

Background: Conduct disorder (CD) and associated antisocial behaviour is one of the most common behavioural problems in children and young people that lead to considerable burden for the patients themselves, their family and society. There is scarcity of literature for effectiveness of homoeopathic medicines in childhood psychiatric disorders such as CD. Summary of cases: 10 children diagnosed as CD, five each from Child psychiatry OPD and Peripheral camp at a Children’s home were treated with individualized homoeopathic medicines. All the cases were assessed at baseline and successive visits with Conduct Disorder Rating Scale (CDRS)- Parent version and the results are summarized. There was a marked reduction of disruptive behaviour and improvement in the general condition of the children. Conclusion: The analysis of 10 cases generates a preliminary evidence for usefulness of individualized homoeopathic medicines in the management of CDs. Studies with appropriate designs are indispensable to corroborate the evidence.

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Deepa, K. "Cognitive behavioural play therapy for the children with conduct disorders". Journal of Nursing Trendz 10, n. 2 (2019): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2249-3190.2019.00017.8.

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Kotsopoulos, S., e Clive Mellor. "EXTRALINGUISTIC SPEECH CHARACTERISTICS OF CHILDREN WITH CONDUCT AND ANXIETY DISORDERS". Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 27, n. 1 (gennaio 1986): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1986.tb00625.x.

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Khan, Sohil, John Down, Nisreen Aouira, William Bor, Alison Haywood, Robyn Littlewood, Helen Heussler e Brett McDermott. "Current pharmacotherapy options for conduct disorders in adolescents and children". Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy 20, n. 5 (31 gennaio 2019): 571–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14656566.2018.1561862.

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36

Peters, Baylee, e Adrian Furnham. "The Recognition of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder and Conduct Disorder in Adolescents and Adults—Assessing Differences in Mental Health Literacy". Psychiatry International 2, n. 2 (1 aprile 2021): 145–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint2020011.

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This was a Mental Health Literacy (MHL) study looking at three disorders, part of a systematic research programme on MHL using vignette methodology to examine lay people’s knowledge and recognition. The study compared the recognition of the disorders in children and adults. In all 485 participants, aged 18–69 years, read three vignettes describing a person with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and Conduct Disorder (CD). Vignette characters were described as either a child (aged 8yrs) or adult (aged 28 yrs). Participants attempted to label the disorder and then rated perceived seriousness and likelihood of disorder. Results from a 2 (sex) × 3 (disorder) way analysis of variance showed that CD was significantly perceived as the most serious disorder. ADHD was significantly considered more likely to be a disorder in adults yet recognised more in children. Younger participants correctly recognised ADHD, yet gave lower seriousness ratings. ASD was considered more serious in children. Women and highly educated individuals perceived ASD more seriously and recognised it more. Parents incorrectly identified CD but considered all disorders more seriously than non-parents. Clinical behaviours are more likely to be perceived as a disorder if they occur in adults, rather than children.

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Quebles, Irina, Olga Solomon, Kathryn A. Smith, Sowmya R. Rao, Frances Lu, Colleen Azen, Grace Anaya e Larry Yin. "Racial and Ethnic Differences in Behavioral Problems and Medication Use Among Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders". American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities 125, n. 5 (1 settembre 2020): 369–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-125.5.369.

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Abstract We examined racial and ethnic differences in the prevalence of behavioral problems measured by the Child Behavioral Checklist (CBCL), sleep disturbances measured by the Child Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), and medication use among children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). We analyzed data from the Autism Treatment Network (ATN) dataset for 2,576 children ages 6 to 18 years of age diagnosed with ASD. Multivariable logistic regression accounting for age, gender, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th Edition – Text Revision), diagnosis (Autistic Disorder, PDD-NOS, Asperger's Disorder), and parents' education did not show any racial or ethnic differences in behavioral challenges, conduct problems, or sleep disturbances for any of the groups, but Black children had lower odds of Total Problem Behaviors and Asian children had lower odds of Hyperactivity compared to White children. As a group, children from racial and ethnic minorities had lower odds of Total Problem Behaviors and Conduct Problems compared to White children. Hispanic children had lower odds of medication use for Behavioral Challenges, Total Problem Behaviors, Hyperactivity, and Conduct Problems. Asian children had lower odds of medication use for Behavioral Challenges, Total Problem Behaviors, and Hyperactivity; and had close to lower odds in medication use for Conduct Problems. Black children had lower odds for medication use for Total Problem Behaviors only. As a group, children from racial and ethnic minorities had lower odds for medication use for Behavioral Challenges, Total Problem Behaviors, Hyperactivity, and Conduct problems, but not for Sleep Disturbances. While these results are consistent with previous studies showing that White children are significantly more likely to receive psychotropic medication compared to children from racial and ethnic minority groups, we found no such differences for sleep challenges, suggesting that they are more consistently identified and equitably treated than other behavioral problems associated with ASD. We draw upon Andersen's (1995) Behavioral Model of Healthcare Use to suggest predisposing, enabling, and needs factors that may contribute to this pattern of racial and ethnic differences in the use of medications among children ASD.

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Simeon, J. G., H. B. Ferguson e J. Van Wyck Fleet. "Bupropion Effects in Attention Deficit and Conduct Disorders". Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 31, n. 6 (agosto 1986): 581–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674378603100617.

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Children with Attention Deficit and/or Conduct Disorders were treated with bupropion, a new antidepressant, to determine its clinical, cognitive, and EEG effects. Seventeen male patients (age range 7 to 13.4 years; mean 10.4) participated in an open clinical trial consisting of a baseline placebo period (4 weeks), bupropion therapy (8 weeks), and post-drug placebo (2 weeks). Evaluations included clinical assessments, parents, teachers, and self-ratings; cognitive tels and blood level measurements of bupropion. Fifteen patients received a daily maximum of 150 mg, one received 100 mg and one 50 mg. Clinical global improvement with bupropion therapy was marked in 5 patients, moderate in 7, mild in 2, and none in 3. The Children's Psychiatric Rating Scale indicated improvements of hyperactivity, withdrawal, anxiety, hostility/uncooperativeness, sleep disorder, antisocial behaviour, neuroticism, depression and eating disturbance. Parents’ Questionnaires indicated significant improvements of conduct disorder, anxiety, hyperactivity, muscle tension andpsychosomaticism. While no single cognitive test showed significant improvement, all nine tests changed in the positive direction. Adverse effects were infrequent, transient and mild. There were no clinically significant changes of the laboratory values and vital signs. Two weeks following bupropion discontinuation, clinical global improvement was maintained in 8 patients, 7 showed relapses, while 2 remained unimproved. Analyses of computerized EEG revealed that degree of clinical improvement was indexed by baseline EEG parameters and that there were significant bupropion effects on EEG measures. Double-blind trials of bupropion are recommended in child psychiatry disorders.

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Pfiffner, Linda J., Keith Mcburnett, Paul J. Rathouz e Samuel Judice. "Family Correlates of Oppositional and Conduct Disorders in Children With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder". Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 33, n. 5 (ottobre 2005): 551–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10802-005-6737-4.

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Everall, Ian Paul, e Ann Lecouteur. "Firesetting in an Adolescent Boy with Asperger's Syndrome". British Journal of Psychiatry 157, n. 2 (agosto 1990): 284–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.157.2.284.

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Firesetting in children and adolescents is commonly associated with other antisocial acts that comprise conduct disorders. Asperger's syndrome is a rare pervasive developmental disorder. In the case presented we argue that the firesetting arose from the disabilities inherent in Asperger's syndrome. This also indicates that antisocial acts may be symptoms in other psychiatric syndromes as well as a specific conduct disorder.

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Cury, Camilo Ramos, e José Hércules Golfeto. "Strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ): a study of school children in Ribeirão Preto". Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria 25, n. 3 (settembre 2003): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-44462003000300005.

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OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to investigate possible child psychiatric disorders using the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ). METHOD: SDQ is a questionnaire that screens child mental health problems, comprising a total of 25 items divided in five subscales: emotional problems, hyperactivity, relationship, conduct and pro-social behavior, with five items in each subscale. We also used the impact supplement that evaluates the impairment caused by symptoms. Out of 143 children randomly chosen from a public school of Ribeirão Preto, 107 questionnaires were correctly filled in by parents. Teachers received 114 questionnaires (regarding children with parents' consent), and 108 questionnaires were correctly filled in. As a final sample, we obtained 112 questionnaires answered by parents or teachers. RESULTS: In the questionnaires answered by the parents, we obtained high scorings such as 30.8% for emotional symptoms, 17,7% for conduct disorders, 16.8% for hyperactivity, 14% for interpersonal relationships, 18,7% for the total scores and 10.2% for the impact supplement. Questionnaires answered by the teachers had 1.83% for emotional symptoms, 8.25% for conduct disorders, 8.25% for hyperactivity, 2.75% for interpersonal relationships, 8.25% for the total scoring and 4.58% for the impact supplement. Combining the results obtained from parents and teachers we have diagnostic hypotheses in the frequencies of 7.14% for emotional disorders, 9.82% for conduct disorders, and 12.5% for psychiatric disorder not otherwise specified and no combination was noted between parents and teachers for hyperactivity. Mean age was 8.18 years, with 63% of the children being male and 37% female. CONCLUSION: SDQ can be useful for a preliminary screening in the investigation of possible psychiatric disorders in childhood.

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Hrubá, Drahoslava, Lubomír Kukla, Petr Okrajek e Aleš Peřina. "Persistence of conduct disorders and their relation to early initiation of smoking and alcohol drinking in a prospective ELSPAC Study". Open Medicine 7, n. 5 (1 ottobre 2012): 628–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11536-012-0047-3.

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AbstractThe important risk factors of early initiation of smoking and alcohol drinking are: prosmoking family and peers, conduct disorders and delinquency, poor academic performance. The data obtained by physicians, teachers and children were collected at the age of 11 years. Children were divided into group A (without symptoms), Group B (with one or more symptoms). For statistic analysis, the programme EPI INFO was used.During the period between 7 and 11 years, new children with problematic behaviour (178=3.9%) were diagnosed in Group A, while substantial decreasing of children previously included in Group B was seen (by 59.1%). Together 7.05% of 11 years old children visited specialists (psychologists) due to their conduct disorders: 6.8% from Group A and 12.3% from Group B. Children more often than their teachers reported the frequent occurrence of conduct disorder. About 20% of children smoked, and more than 40% had tasted alcohol. However, the differences between Groups A and B were not significant. Our prospective study has demonstrated the possibility of misinterpretation of behavioural outputs. Children with previous behavioural problems had not a higher risk for early smoking and alcohol use.

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Lange, Shannon, Jürgen Rehm, Evdokia Anagnostou e Svetlana Popova. "Prevalence of externalizing disorders and Autism Spectrum Disorders among children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis". Biochemistry and Cell Biology 96, n. 2 (aprile 2018): 241–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/bcb-2017-0014.

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Owing to their central nervous system impairments, children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) commonly exhibit externalizing behaviours such as hyperactivity, impulsivity, and (or) delinquency. The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders with prominent externalizing behaviours, namely Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Conduct Disorder (CD), Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD), as well as Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) among children with FASD. A comprehensive systematic literature search was performed, followed by disorder-specific random-effects meta-analyses. Of the disorders investigated, ADHD was found to be the most common co-morbid disorder among children with FASD (52.9%), followed by ODD (12.9%), CD (7.0%), and ASD (2.6%). When compared with the general population of the USA, these rates are notably higher: 15 times higher for ADHD, 2 times higher for ASD, 3 times higher for CD, and 5 times higher for ODD. The results call attention to the need for identifying a distinct neurodevelopmental profile to aid in the accurate identification of children with FASD and the discrimination of FASD from certain idiopathic neurodevelopmental disorders.

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Zairova, N. B. "ORGANIZATION AND CONDUCT OF SPEECH THERAPY CLASSES WITH STUDENTS WITH SPEECH DISORDERS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS". American Journal of Interdisciplinary Innovations and Research 04, n. 11 (1 novembre 2022): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajiir/volume04issue11-13.

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this article discusses the organization and conduct of speech therapy classes with severe speech disorders in a general education school. The conditions and model of work of teachers and a psychologist with students with speech disorders integrated into a mass school are analyzed. At present, the contingent of children with speech disorders starting school has changed significantly both in terms of the state of speech development and in terms of the level of preparedness for systematic learning. Teaching in elementary school students special conditions for learning, development and education, which we will consider in this article.

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Reddy, Srijaya, e Nina Deutsch. "Behavioral and Emotional Disorders in Children and Their Anesthetic Implications". Children 7, n. 12 (25 novembre 2020): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children7120253.

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While most children have anxiety and fears in the hospital environment, especially prior to having surgery, there are several common behavioral and emotional disorders in children that can pose a challenge in the perioperative setting. These include anxiety, depression, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and autism spectrum disorder. The aim of this review article is to provide a brief overview of each disorder, explore the impact on anesthesia and perioperative care, and highlight some management techniques that can be used to facilitate a smooth perioperative course.

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Khalil, Amal I. "Elementary School Teachers‟ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Challenges in Dealing with Conduct Disorders Children within their Regular Classrooms". International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 24, n. 4 (30 aprile 2020): 6580–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24i4/pr2020468.

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SHAPIRO, STEVEN K., e BARRY D. GARFINKEL. "The Occurrence of Behavior Disorders in Children: The Interdependence of Attention Deficit Disorder and Conduct Disorder". Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry 25, n. 6 (novembre 1986): 809–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-7138(09)60200-4.

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Rasoulian-Kasrineh, Marjan, e Seyyed-Mohammad Tabatabaei. "Virtual reality among children with mental disorders: A mini-review". Advances in Health and Behavior 4, n. 1 (2021): 177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.25082/ahb.2021.01.004.

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Background: Mental disorders are a group of disorders that affect thinking and behavior by causing discomfort or disability to the person. Almost one in eight people aged 5 to 19 deals with these kinds of disorders and his or her growth may be significantly affected. It seems that using novel technologies in such cases are helpful. One of these advanced technologies, which has recently attracted a lot of attention in many fields such as health, is Virtual Reality. Therefore, the present study aimed to provide a brief review about the use of Virtual Reality among children with mental disorders. Methods: In this study, articles in which Virtual Reality were used among children dealing with mental disorders published during 2012 to 2021 were investigated. PsycINFO electronic databases, PubMed Google Scholar, Medline, were searched. Results: Children deal with different types of mental disorders and Virtual Reality has been used for many of them. The most common of them, in which Virtual Reality have been used and caused improvements include Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Anxiety Disorder, Conduct Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Schizophrenia Disorder, and Developmental Disability. Discussion and conclusion: According to the results, Virtual Reality is a very interesting, useful, effective and safe technology for patients dealing with mental disorders especially children and adolescence. It is actually a highly specialized technology which can provide improvement, and in some cases completely new ways of treatment for children suffering from mental disorders.

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James, Anthony C. "Prescribing antipsychotics for children and adolescents". Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 16, n. 1 (gennaio 2010): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.bp.108.005652.

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SummaryThe prescription of antipsychotic medication in children and adolescents (<18 years of age) has increased immensely for a wide range of disorders including psychoses, bipolar disorder, conduct disorder, pervasive developmental disorder and obsessive–compulsive disorder. This has led to some concerns particularly as the evidence base in some areas is not strong, and antipsychotic medication – both first generation (FGA) and second generation (SGA) – is associated with considerable side-effects. Evidence from an increasing number of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) points to therapeutic efficacy with moderate to large effect sizes. However, some RCTs have a small number of participants, are of short duration, and many are industry funded. The use of antipsychotics alongside psychosocial interventions can be recommended in certain disorders, provided there is continued, careful monitoring. It is important to note, however, that for many conditions the use of antipsychotics is not licensed in the UK.

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McCarthy, James, Alexandra McGlashan, Keith Kraseski, Diana Arrese, Brad Rappaport, Francine Conway, Carmelina Mule e Jennifer Tucker. "Sustained Attention and Visual Processing Speed in Children and Adolescents with Bipolar Disorder and other Psychiatric Disorders". Psychological Reports 95, n. 1 (agosto 2004): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.95.1.39-47.

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To investigate the cognitive functioning of children and adolescents with bipolar illness, 112 child and adolescent psychiatric inpatients and day-hospital patients at a state psychiatric hospital were administered the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–III (WISC–III) as part of an admission psychological assessment. There were 22 patients with Bipolar Disorder and 90 with other psychiatric disorders; all were between 8 and 17 years of age. The patients with Bipolar Disorder had a mean age of 14 yr., a mean Verbal IQ of 78, a mean Performance IQ of 76, and a mean Full Scale IQ of 75. When their WISC–III scores were compared with those who had Schizophrenia Spectrum disorders (Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder), Psychosis Not Otherwise Specified, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, and Conduct Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder, there were no significant between-group mean differences for Verbal IQ, but patients with Bipolar Disorder had a significantly lower mean Performance IQ than those with ADHD and those with Conduct Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder. Contrary to the expectation that the patients with Bipolar Disorder might have better sustained attention (higher Digit Span scores) than those with Schizophrenia Spectrum disorders and worse visual processing speed (lower Coding scores) than the other diagnostic groups, the bipolar patients' Digit Span and Coding scores did not differ significantly from those of the other groups. The patients with Psychosis, Not Otherwise Specified had significantly lower mean Performance IQ, Full Scale IQ, and Coding than the ADHD and the Conduct Disorder and Oppositional Disorder groups.

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