Tesi sul tema "Conditions de travail – Effets des innovations technologiques"
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Palli, Barbara. "La modification et la dénonciation des conventions collectives de travail : étude comparative, en droit français, hellénique et britannique". Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STR30006.
Modification and unilateral termination are both actions intended to transform collective agreements. In a relatively new context where the latest collective agreement is not necessarily as favourable as the former one, it seems important to know whether it is vital to reinforce rigidity or to promote flexibility in the operation of the collective agreements' mechanisms for transformation. According to our hypothesis which we wished to test in three European countries, France, Greece and Great Britain, the state's intervention in the regulation of the transformation process favours rigidity while the abstention promotes flexibility. Our study reveals that if state intervention in French and Greek law is in effect a source of rigidity, it doesn't necessarily promote social progress, while abstention doesn't automatically guarantee in British law flexibility at least in so far as the effects of the transformations are concerned
Tchobanian, Robert. "L'amélioration des conditions de travail et l'évolution des règles de gestion du travail". Phd thesis, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II, 1988. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00470648.
Couffe, Cyril. "L'impact des conditions de travail sur les capacités attentionnelles des salariés". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2115.
Can Working conditions generate attentional problems for some employees? This issue is currently at the heart of research in the field of work psychology, ergonomics and applied cognitive psychology. During this thesis, we tried to understand exactly what factors might cause these problems. We have divided our approach into two parts: (i) the laboratory study of the links between interruptions and cognitive abilities, and (ii) the study of working conditions and their repercussions on cognition. Scientific publications from interruptions literature are becoming more numerous. In particular, they experienced a boom in the early 2000s. However, many questions still persist, as the real effect of interruptions on the main task and the various factors which potentiates this effect. Moreover, the specific cognitive processes involved during interruptions have not all been studied. Therefore, we proposed a new formal definition of the phenomenon of interruption and a new research framework to unify the current field of study. Also, we conducted several experimental studies to answer some questions still present. Together, our results suggest that interruptions are usually deleterious regarding the performance of the primary task, and that some cognitive processes unsuspected to this day might help their repercussions. Secondly, we studied the impact of specific working conditions on attentional and cognitive complaints. First, we built a new test able to detect these changes on a cognitive level by carrying out several construction and validation studies of a new scale. Then we used a sample of several hundred employees to draw conclusions on the predictors of these difficulties. Overall, gender, social status, time spent in shared working environment, the frequency of interruptions and several aspects of new technologies may be the cause of attentional difficulties at work
Mofakhami, Malo. "Étude des interactions entre dynamiques d'innovation et qualité de l'emploi : une relation déterminante au cœur des mutations du travail à l'œuvre au sein de l'Union Européenne". Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01E054.
This thesis investigates the relationships between innovation and job quality. Innovation is considered to be the main driver of economic growth, but technological change leads to significant mutations of employment and labor. As such, innovation represents a key concern for recommendations made by public authorities and international organizations. The multiple effects of innovation have raised new questions, since the recent period has been characterized by an intensification of innovation dynamics –specifically, the emergence of new technological cycles. This thesis adopts an empirical perspective, while relying on a theoretical framework inspired by the institutionalist and evolutionary approach. Job quality is considered from a multidimensional perspective, including working conditions, working hours and working duration, contractual quality, and wages. Similarly, innovation is analyzed in its complexity, in order to highlight the heterogeneous effects of innovation depending on the considered forms (strategy, type of innovation, degree of disruption, degree of novelty, etc.). This work provides additional support to a specialized and specific scholarship (within economics) that focuses on the relationship between innovation and job quality. While ascertaining that some innovations have direct positive effects on job quality, this thesis shows that indirect effects –as well as some forms of diffusion of innovation–deteriorate the contractual quality of jobs and working conditions. Moreover, innovation – whatever its form might be – is often associated with better contractual conditions (wage, stability), but also leads to an increase in working intensity and demands for employees.This thesis makes a key recommendation, in the context of intensified innovation dynamics and knowledge – based economic model – however, we also call for further work and improved data availability. In order to avoid the polarization of working conditions and the rise of inequalities, it is necessary to adapt redistribution and regulatory systems so that they would cope with the negative indirect effects of the diffusion of innovations, which cannot be fully addressed by current institutions
Christin, Angèle. "Clicks or Pulitzer ? : Web Journalists and their Work in the United States and France". Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0083.
The internet is transforming journalism in many ways. Yet one of the most fundamental differences between print and online news is the multiplication of internet metrics : web journalists now receive a constant stream of quantitative information about the online popularity of their work. Does quantification always foster standardization? This dissertation argues instead that metrics take on radically different meanings when they travel between countries. Focusing on the case of online news, I compare the reception of web analytics in tv countries, the United States and France, which have different journalistic traditions and relations to market forces. Drawing on ethnographic analysis of a pair of news websites in the United States and France, as well as quantitative material, I find that web journalists in both countries are faced with conflicting definitions of journalistic value. Traditional "editorial" evaluation based on peer judgment is at odds with "click-based" evaluation, which focuses on the number of page views. In spite of these commonalities, American and French journalists manage the tension between qualitative and quantitative evaluations in different ways. At the U. S. Website, journalists distinguish sharply between editorial and click-based modes of evaluation. In contrast, LaPlace's journalists constantly switch back and forth between qualitative and quantitative criteria of value. These differences between the American and French news organizations can be analyzed as distinct "arrangements" between modes of evaluation. Such arrangements stem from the respective trajectories and structures of the American and French journalistic fields
Le, Gonidec Nolwenn. "Conceptualiser et évaluer la charge mentale de salariés dans un contexte d'usage d'outils numériques : Le cas d'une entreprise de télécommunications". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022COAZ2030.
Digital tools have taken over our daily professional life, facilitating telework but making us dependent on them. The latest French work regulations and several studies highlight the duality between their benefits and disadvantages for employees' activity. However, they are not taken into account in the conceptualization of the quality of life at work. Then, can they really be qualified as a help, and are they not harmful for the psychological health of employees? Our hypothesis is that these questions can be addressed by studying a key concept called a mental workload. Thus, our first study based on subjective interviews with call center operators, proves to the importance of the individual cognitive evaluation of the factors impacting mental workload. The second longitudinal study deals with employees in continuous telework situations and reveals the multifactorial and dynamic nature of mental workload over time. Finally, the third study highlights, with the help of a questionnaire, the importance of the context of use and the level of automation of digital tools on mental workload.These results contribute to the development of individual recommendations for the quality of work life of employees. Indeed, the employee will evaluate the impact of contextual factors according to his psychological state at the time. In addition, employees benefit from taking a step back from their practices, considering their resources and the adaptation strategies that can be implemented. It is a question of obtaining a balance between the demands of the tasks in each context and their available cognitive resources
Lecat, Rémy. "Four essays on productivity, competition and labour relations". Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0070.
This thesis emphasises the role of individual firm data in explaining the dynamics of productivity through four chapters: 1) It contributes to the correct measurement of total factor productivity (TFP). In most estimates, TFP is procyclical, displaying increasing return to scale in the short run. Imperfect competition may be one explanation for this stylised fact. However, taking correctly into account factor utilisation, and in particular capital operating time, leads to estimating constant returns to scale. 2) Individual firm data allows to measure convergence of productivity among firms, which is an important component of productivity dynamics at the macroeconomic level, especially in France. A significant convergence is found, which however has slowed during the 2nd half of the 1990s : already highly-productive firms have benefitted the most from ICT and globalisation, while increasing competition fostered innovation in these firms. 3) The relationship between regulation, and more precisely barrieto entry, competition and productivity in the service sector is addressed. Indeed, regulation has a complex impact on productivity, which can run through different channels. Individual firm data allows isolating the impact of barriers to entry on competition, as reflected by mark-ups, and then of competition on productivity. 4) The role of labour relations has been emphasised mostly through case studies. Through an original firm-level survey, deteriorated labour relations are shown to have a negative impact on productivity, but only when they can rely on regulation. On the contrary, branch or firm agreements make it possible to overcome the constraints of regulation
Sitnikoff, Françoise. "Culture de métier, changement technique et savoirs ouvriers : le cas de l'imprimerie". Nantes, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NANT3014.
The thesis studies the type-setter's craft in high-volume printing houses. More particularly, it deals with technological change and with professional culture. Its draws upon fieldwork carries out between 1985 and 1993, in three industrial printing-houses in the french provinces. The author examines the transformations brought about by the introduction of photo-composition, considering its impact as much on the work-posts (in terms of task content and flow,and what skills these necessitate), as on the representations and values of the type-setters culture. Also emphasized is the role of work-groups with their specific history and social structure-in acquiring new techniques and updating the trade. The research draws upon earlier work that has dealt with other aspects of this sector relations between printers and makers of equipment, with other aspects of this sector : relations between printed and makers of equipment, and between labor unions and professional training. Observable changes in the workshops are accounted for withen a larger framework of transformations in their environment and overhauls in the community of their profession. This broadening of the field of vision,together with the many returns to the field made possible by the length of the study, show that technological change participates in the dynamics of social construction in the printing trades
Calvino, Flavio. "Employment dynamics and innovation". Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01E034.
This doctoral thesis focuses on employment dynamics in firms, and on the relationship between employment dynamics and innovation, with a particular focus on the entry process. It conceptualizes theoretically and analyses empirically different aspects of the complex interaction between technical change and employment dynamics, focusing on the heterogeneous effects of different types of innovation on employment growth. In the light of the prominent role of newly-born firms in shaping the creative destruction process and contributing to overall job creation, this thesis provides a characterization of the net job contribution by surviving entrants across a significant number of countries. Using newly collected representative micro-aggregated data, it further analyses whether and how a number of institutional characteristics affect start-ups’ net job creation, focusing on the heterogeneous effects of policies on entrants and incumbents. This thesis finally characterizes a particular feature of the employment growth distributions – employment growth volatility – that not only proves to be crucially mediating the effects of policies on entrants’ net job creation, but also has important micro and macroeconomic implications
Tessier, Luc. "Trajectoires d'innovations collectives, nouvelles technologies et transformations du monde du travail". Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100105.
Technical change, its effects on the process of production and on a group of workers should be the subject of an analysis which transcends a strictly theoretical approach by integrating case studies. This work is based on descriptions of technological modernization projects undertaken by 85 enterprises between 1988 and 1997. The empirical material is constituted of dossiers realised by a cabinet between 1988 and 1997. The empirical material is constituted of dossiers realised by a cabinet of chartered accountants specialized in expert advice made available to Safety, Hygiene and Work Condition Committees. We have described the various modernization strategies pursued by taking into account not only the strictly economic aspects but also product conception, production procedures the forms taken by the organisation of labour. Several typologies of economic trajectories can be distinguished. The first typology describes the manner by which the expert apprehends the dossier and constructs his analysis. The second takes into account the economic and technological logics at work in the elaboration of the project. The variable which are thus construted can be used to produce a typology of the forms of entry of enterprises into the various worlds of production
Ramos, Beatriz Castilla. "Nouvelles technologies et changements culturels : l'exemple des ouvrières mayas travaillant dans une usine de montage au Yucatan, Mexique". Perpignan, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PERP0628.
This is the history of the yucatec-maya women who work in a high-tech, u. S. Maquiladora. A central aspect of my analysis has to do with the ways in which the women elaborate their experiences, both as a perception, as in their relationships with the equipment. We will see that as they change to become new labours types of a globalized world, they also become new sujet-acteurs in the midst of their communities. I will approach the manufacturing consent from this double perspective where both the working place and tne community are analized, we shall see a very interesting process where there has a been a recreation of abilities and a cultural reaffirmation. The women of the henequen hacienda itzcincab have not unly acquired new knowledges in the plant. Also, they are propping their culture and their community from their new occupational status. This fascinating interplay, where the women combine their capacity to move towards very novel spaces, activities and knowledges while dedicating new resources to the reinforcement and recreation of their own and very ancient culture is frecuently found in the long history of the maya people. The finely attuned balance between rupture and continuity, where the ruptures are asimilated in a reconstructive fashion that strengthenes their social fabric, has been ---and is- a vital element of their long continuity. The workers are proud of their work, they accept the seductive challege of the news thecnologies. . Albeit, the look with much respect to their elders and their lives. They do no break withe their history: they recreate it. Tehy are the new mayas and not the no –mayans. And this is all their own merit
Crifo, Patricia. "Inégalités, innovation et croissance". Lyon 2, 2001. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2001/crifo_p.
Bigot, Régis. "L'insuffisance de la consommation à l'origine du chômage technologique". Poitiers, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001POIT4003.
Saafi, Sami. "Effets des innovations technologiques sur l'emploi industriel : essai d'analyse à partir du cas tunisien". Phd thesis, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00872661.
Authier, Jérôme. "Progrès technique et efficience du travail : le rôle des externalités des capacités productives dans un modèle à population hétérogène représentative". Limoges, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LIMO0493.
Economists have been discussing for a long time on the technological bias toward or against the volume of employments, without taking really care of effects on the welfare of the whole society. The aim of this thesis is to study the conditions under which the technical progress profits to everybody, even when it destroys employments. It is shown that, thanks to technical progress, the destruction of employments is an improvement in the Sense of Pareto (ASP) when there is an adequate redistribution system of the wealth. The contributions of this thesis are theoretical with the consideration in growth models of : (i) a representative population of diverse agents, (ii) static and dynamic externalities on the human resources, (iii) phenomena of training on the job, (iv) learning by doing, (v) and creative destruction. Moreover, we advance new arguments in the debates of current events as the reform of the pensions, the reform of the RMI in RMA, etc
Ben, Romdhane Mabrouk. "L'informatisation dans le secteur bancaire". Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA070084.
Greenan, Nathalie. "Changements organisationnels et performances économiques : théories, mesures et tests". Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0015.
Gérard-Prenveille, Laura. "Dynamiques de l'investissement et du chômage dans un modèle de négociations salariales : une étude sur données françaises (1975-1997)". Rennes 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REN10006.
Cippelletti, Emma. "Aide à la conception, test de l’usage et de l’acceptation d’un logiciel de maintenance". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAH038/document.
With the development of new information and communication technologies, working procedures are increasingly computerized. This increasing computerization of working procedures raises the question of their acceptance by workers who have to appropriate new ways of doing their work. The present thesis aims to examine the conditions for the adoption of technologies conveying work procedures by maintenance technicians. Four studies are carried out on two fields of research (aeronautical maintenance and industrial maintenance) with the aim of understanding how maintenance technicians perceive and use these computerized working procedures. Two studies are carried out in the field of aeronautics and aim to investigate the social acceptability and the use of three new formats of procedures (3D animation, 2D and photos) before they are set up in the workshops. Study 1 examines the perception of new procedure formats by technicians (N = 136). The results of this study show that beliefs related to usefulness and ease of use are the main predictors of behavioral intention. In addition, it appears that beliefs differ depending on the type of use behavior of the procedures (daily or exceptional use). In order to understand the possible difficulties in using these new formats, Study 2 concerns the realization of user tests (N = 41). The aim is to study the usefulness and usability of the new procedural formats compared to the current format (text + image). The results show that all technicians succeed in maintenance, regardless of the format used. In addition, in general, new formats allow technicians to be more efficient because they take less time with new formats (3D animation and photos) than with reference formats and so errors made during maintenance are reduced. The new formats, with the presence of visual information, facilitate the location of the information on the equipment. Finally, a large majority of technicians intend to use the new formats. Two other studies are carried out in the field of industrial maintenance on the acceptance and use of a management of procedures software by the technicians. In this framework, study 3 concerns the perception of software in use by maintenance technicians (N = 61). The results highlight the belief in perceived compatibility as the main predictor of attitude, behavioral intention, and actual use of the software. In order to investigate the actual use of the software, study 4 deals with the analysis of the activity of 8 technicians from four workshops (filmed observation and interview). The results show that the software is suitable for only some of the technicians. Indeed, it seems to represent a brake for experienced technicians and moderately experienced technicians in the sense they are constrained in the use of the software (impossibility to navigate freely between the steps). However, the software proves to be a valuable help for inexperienced technicians (help support, training aid ...). Recommendations are made to improve the design of the software studied. In particular, improvements in the design of the three new formats of aeronautical maintenance procedures are suggested (adapting the format to the task carried out, improving the ergonomics of the touch pad...). In the second case, we make recommendations to modify the procedure management software and make it more compatible with the work of the technicians (setting up an expert mode, facilitating the search for information, navigating freely between steps …)
Behaghel, Luc. "Le rôle de la demande de travail dans le faible emploi des travailleurs âgés en France : politiques publiques et pratiques des entreprises". Marne-la-Vallée, 2004. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01263886.
Gomes, Barbara. "Le droit du travail à l’épreuve des plateformes numériques". Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100122.
Digital employment platforms build their business model away from the scope of regulations that would traditionally apply to their line of business (for example, private passenger transport companies), the first of which is labour law. It is argued they serve as mere intermediaries between demand and supply, and as such, the status of employee (and sometimes of a worker altogether) is denied. Instead, preference is given to presumed independence via civil and commercial contracts. As a consequence, individuals working for these platforms are not protected by labour law (ex: termination of employment regulation, collective negotiation rights, maternity leave, unemployment benefits, etc.).Yet, when an organisation develops a commercial and economic activity entailing the use of contracts depending on labour power as its very basis for existence, it is difficult to affirm absence of labour or independence. Employment platforms are not mere intermediation platforms; rather, they are productive entities which draw their dynamics from competitive patterns on the market, far more than traditional firms would.The calling into question of social law they spark is part and parcel of a determinist vision of labour law, which claims that law must necessarily adapt to economy’s requirements. This in no way means that law is helpless in the face of these new models. Quite the contrary, the disrupt they bring forward reflects the history of law’s very construction, for French but also European and international law, and calls for it to reassert its demands and ambitions
Dos, Santos Ferreira José Artur. "Crise des marchés internes du travail et apprentissage : le cas de la sidérurgie brésilienne". Paris 13, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA131013.
Since R. NELSON & S. WINTER (1982), the cognitive dimension of the firm has been emphasized by the evolutionists. Their loyalty to neo-Schumpeterian heritage has resulted in a strong affinity towards the problematic of the economy of the technology. Due to this kind of exchanges, and also impregnated with the institutionalism tradition in economy and the organisations theory, they were conduced to explore the inertia and the change at the same time. Their problematic was developed through various notions: the uncertain and cumulative character of the technical progress, the technological paradigms and trajectories, the irreversibility of choices, the phenomenon of lock-in at suboptimal trajectories, the routines and the learning process, and the national innovation systems, for instance. However, despite these theoretical advancements, the evolutionist theory will face difficulties in dealing with the enterprise’s political dimension and in inserting it in the innovation and learning process. This thesis has exactly the ambition of contributing to fulfil this gap. On the one hand, the thesis takes into account the ways of institutionalisation of the employment relationship and the modes of organisation of human resources’ management. On the other hand, it considers the modes of institutionalisation of innovation process and the modes of organizing the learning process in the enterprises. The experience of the Brazilian iron and steel industry help to discuss the limits and possibilities of the emergency of cooperative relations, considering the local specificities of the employment relations and the importance of incremental innovations in this industry
Al-Qahiri, Mohamed. "Le développement du Yemen : rôle du progrès technique et de la décentralisation". Montpellier 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON10049.
Gollain, Françoise. "Pensée écologique et critique du travail dans une perspective gorzienne". Orléans, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ORLE1027.
This thesis argues the necessity of an eco-socialist critique of work. This critique requires sustained reference to the concept of limits - limits to be imposed on the domination of market ideology productivism and the work ethic because of their destructive impact at both a social and ecological level, and their undermining of the individual's ability to be in control of their everyday life. Hence our rejection of a narrow environmentalist or ecocentric standpoint in favour of a marxist and humanistic approach as found in the perspective of André Gorz. Gorz's writings invite us to place an emancipatory project at the heart of the analysis of the present crisis of work based on a dual representation of society [heteronomy/autonomy (Illich), system/lifeworld (Habermas)], they establish the fundamental dichotomy between work and life due to the functional logic of work in a modem capitalist economy. On this basis, it can be argued that a critique of waged-work must be rooted in a concern for the preservation and extension of people's existential autonomy, as opposed to a mere functional autonomy within work. The study of the most recent developments in work practices precisely reveal that personality is being utilised to an unprecedented level and autonomy is being instrumentalised, alongside a massive and systematic reduction in the global need for labour. We are therefore in favour of a radical transformation towards a post waged-society, to be brought about through a series of reforms : massive and permanent redistribution of labour through a reduction in working hours, a guaranteed minimun income and the development of non marked-based economic practices and alternative forms of social interaction
Ben, Aissa Hazem. "La Démarche sociotechnique chez Renault : histoire, diagnostic et logiques d'évolution". Paris, ENMP, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ENMP1129.
El, Idrissi Lalla Hind. "L'entreprise apprenante au Maroc : l'expérience de l'entreprise Maroc Télécom". Littoral, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005DUNK0121.
Globalization forces companies to be more and more competitive on their domestic market as well as on the international market. General knowledge creation is one of the key to this innovative challenge. This essay tries to present this answer by putting hiddent motives and modalities (organization, knowledge, innovation, development, communication etc. . . ) of these dynamic companies to the fore. This change operates by the knowledge and competences accumulation. However, this process has to follow a schedule and not to be rushed. This problem is displayed all along the Morocco Empiric case with Maroc Telecom company. The suggested demonstration is composed by four theorical and empirical chapters. The two first ones are a literature review showing how competitive companies developed themselves to reach the Ling paradigm of the "Network learning organization". This scientific context leads us to an inductive approach of the Maroc Telecom case in the two last chapters. As a matter of fact, this essay is equilibrating between deduction and induction. These two means are associated into this essay to demonstrate from an example (Research-Action), the one from Manarh from Maroc Telecom, that organizing the sharing of knowledge and innovation into a human organization is essential. This is the only price to pay by companies to levelling themselves to the market ; this levelling presupposed a participative governance
Datchary, Caroline. "Les situations de dispersion au travail". Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0150.
This research questions dispersion situations in the workplace, defined as situations where the worker must face numerous engagements in a short time span. With this new descriptive category, we can analyse how the worker makes arrangements to cope with the decline of the most prescriptive forms of planning. The empirical inquiries compare four complex work situations: traders in dealing rooms, foremen in the sewerage industry, workers in agencies specializing in organizing events and managers. The strong contrast between these work situations is essential to put to the test the fertility of this new descriptive category. This comparative analysis puts the light on work behaviours scarcely documented in literature and contributes to various important themes of work sociology such as ICT, time, coordination, skills or work intensification. It also has epistemological implications since it deals with pragmatic versatility and the way a person integrates multiple short-term « engagements »
Deltour, François. "Satisfaction, acceptation, impacts : une analyse multidimensionnelle et contextualisée de l'évaluation individuelle des intranets : application au cas des utilisateurs d'intranets dans le secteur bancaire". Lille 1, 2004. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2004/50374-2004-17.pdf.
Salmona, Michèle. "Les cultures techniques et le travail des paysans français face aux politiques publiques de vulgarisation et d'incitation économique". Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA070033.
The thesis presents, in its first part, the technical cultures, work, and professions of stock-breeder and market-gardener. This analysis is characterized by an access to the affective, cognitive, imaginary dimensions of work and to the natural and living supports of that work. Referring to french books and oral african traditions, an historical approach introduces an enrichment of the study of the work through a comparison with important stock-breeding and market-gardening societies. The second part deals with the affects of cultural pauperization and with the emerging pathologies bound to methods of popularization and to paradoxes conveyed by national politics of economical incitement. Interdisciplinary methods are required to value those politics in order to approximate the psychical costs as well as the tactics of resistance among groups, to the denial of technical cultures
Bibalou-Bagere, Bertille. "Effets des nouvelles technologies de l'information et de la communication sur la transformation des activités, missions et fonctions des cadres". Amiens, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AMIE0005.
Senouci, Mehdi. "Essays on Economic Growth". Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0090.
This thesis consists of five (mostly theoretical) chapters on economic growth. We address both medium- and long-run issues. All the models presented are of neoclassical structure and are animated by some forms of technical change related to physical capital. The first four chapters analyze the behavior of neoclassical growth models under investment-specific technical change — i. E. Under technical change in the production of the investment good. The fifth chapter introduces another representation of technical change in neoclassical growth models. Chapter 1 analyses the consequences of investment-specific technological shocks on the golden rule steady state. Chapter 2 addresses the Malthusian issue of the demographic consequences of technical change in an overlapping-generations model of growth with land, endogenous fertility and multiple directions of productivity growth. Chapter 3 (co-written with Gwenael Moysan) presents new results on neoclassical two-inputs production functions, and uses them to treat the Solow model with capital-augmenting (or investment-specific) technological change. Chapter 4 investigates the endogenous direction of technical change-— labor-augmenting vs. Investment-specific— in the discrete-time Ramsey framework with log utility. Chapter 5 shows how the Habakkuk hypothesis and the Kaldor facts can be rationalized through a new form of technological change
Esmaeili, Hamid. "Evaluation économique de l'impact des nouvelles technologies d'information : une application à l'économie américaine". Littoral, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DUNK0078.
The birth of New Information Technologie (NIT) has changed the economic data, entailing a modification of the productivity. This study aims at making an economic evaluation of the impact of Information Technologies (IT). After a theoretical explanation aiming at including NIT within the economic thought, this research will analyse the major changes from a macroeconomic point of view. To do so, it relies on the American economic system, where Information Technologies are more developed. We will then develop two Computable General Equilibrium models : the first one studies the contribution of technological progress-IT to the American economic system between 1954-2000, pointing out the break in terms of technological progress-IT in 1974. The second model underlines the evolution of the employment market for unqualified workers and uses sensitivity and economic policies analysis to identify the most appropriate measures
Benali, Anis. "Conditions d'émergence d'un service RH numérisé : les déterminants d'intention d'utilisation d'informations RH dématérialisées". Thesis, Tours, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUR1008.
This research focuses on the determinants of the intention to use the digital HR information of employees. Based on the approval theories and technology's adoption, we chose the TAM as the core of our model. Thus, our study contributes to the understanding or the reject of the the digital HR information in a professional environment and to find out the explanatory facts of this approval and the intention of using it by potential users. To give an answer to this problematic, the model developed and implemented, is inspired by the theories and theoretical models that treated the behavior of acceptance and use of information systems (TAM TAM2, UTAUT, UTAUT2 .. ) and the results of two exploratory studies. The proposed posture in our search highlights the adoption of digital RH information. Our study also conducted us to well understand the main reasons of the adoption of the e-HRM service by employees. As well as our research puts in obviousness the important role that the RH function plays in the use of the digital RH service along and after its muse en place. The results obtained after the evolution of this framework model and the hypothesis test using the PLS approach suggest that there are hints of the way of proceeding to foster of the settling of the dematerialization of the RH project and the digital transformation of the RH function
Gatti, Donatella. "Compétences, organisations et coordinations dans une économie d'innovation : une analyse comparative du chômage pour quatre pays de l'OCDE". Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHES0079.
Perez, Fabienne. "Implications de l’intelligence artificielle au travail et adaptation des individus : l’apport du job crafting". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/211208_PEREZ_452qt89rkk596lns919lna_TH.pdf.
The development of artificial intelligence (AI) and its techniques (Machine learning and Deep learning) involves deep reflection on changes in work. Anchored in HRM and organizational behavior, this thesis explores how individuals redefine their position or themselves at work in the face of AI. We examine the responses to these changes through job crafting behaviors (Wrzesniewski & Dutton, 2001; Tims & Bakker, 2010), identity work (Caza et al., 2018), and coping mechanisms (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984, Schwarzer & Knoll, 2003). We offer a comprehensive approach combining several qualitative methods (interviews, observations and documentary study) within two fields: (1) A bank is studied primarily at the individual and organizational level with managers; and (2) the field of radiology offers additional in-depth and multi-level analyses (individuals, organization, profession).Our results reveal three categories of job crafting: approach, avoidance, and an emerging category of identity crafting, in which actors develop strategies aimed at repositioning and redefining their identity with regards to AI. We underline the importance of intervention strategies at the organizational and professional levels that serve as resources promoting a change in representations and behaviors. From these results, we propose a typology of individual job crafting behaviors.We contribute to a better understanding of AI and its implications for individuals at work. Our model encourages the use of proactive approaches to job design for individuals, organizations and professional branches. This allows preservation or repositioning of one’s identity and meaning at work
Goujon, Daniel. "Mutations technologiques, économie distributive et revenu minimum : des fondements théoriques à la politique économique du revenu minimum d'insertion". Dijon, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993DIJOE003.
The reappearance of poverty in rich countries at the end of the twentieth century proves that the need of thinking about what is or what should be a fair society does not spontaneously come to a stand still with the development of productive capacities and the growth of available wealth. On the contrary, thanks to the increasing automation of the way of producing, the technological transformation has allowed our society to enter an era of abundance and renews the persistent theme of justice which should be apprehended through the crisis of the values for integration and the development of social dualisme. The system wich had to deal with the scarcity of goods has now to deal with the scarcity of employment ; what kind of method do we have to favour in order to hope getting over the actual exclusion and poverty in an affluent system ? Is it enough to alter social policies implemented within the context of the welfare state or is it necessary to reform the salarial system of the income's distribution. By retaining the basic income as the central theme of the analysis, this thesis intends to answer this type of question. In the light of the historical debate about the setting up of such an income in england at the time of the industrial revolution and the numerous theories on the basic income in the present context of deep social crisis, we shall study the innovative nature and the effeciency of the "rmi's" policy - "revenu minimum d'insertion" : french version of the income support
Jeanpert, Sophie. "Réseau de magasins et commerce électronique : analyse des déterminants de l'adhésion du personnel au multicanal". Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL12016/document.
Many companies have added e-commerce sites to their store network, thereby creating a multichannel distribution system. This research analyses factors that trigger staff commitment to this new system by considering both adoption of (commitment to) the multichannel customer concept and importance given to the implementation of multichannel marketing actions. Based upon a review of broader management literature, ambiental and strategic orientation factors (i.e. store market orientation perceived by its personnel) as well as management mechanisms are identified as potential determinants of staff commitment to multichannel. This work revealed the existence of internal coopetition (competition and cooperation among channels) and the need to adapt the concept of market orientation to the multichannel context. The notion of coopetitive market orientation which includes customer orientation, competitor orientation and internal coopetition is introduced. Several hypothesis and a final model are then developed and empirically tested on the case of a specialized distribution channel. Results reveal that organisational mechanisms (centralisation and wage system), as well as self competition factors (market intersection and competition between channels for internal resources) influence staff commitment to multichannel. A store's coopetitive market orientation as perceived by its personnel influences the latter's commitment. The influence of several variables is mediated by this kind of strategic orientation. The discussion of the results leads to a typology (cluster analysis). Academic and managerial implications are developed and several research directions are suggested
Crouzat, Pauline. "Collectifs de travail en ingénierie aéronautique : comment soutenir et développer l’activité collective en contexte de transformation organisationnelle et digitale ?" Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2131.
Engineering knows an evolution of its organizational environment and of its tools (digitalisation). The development of collective activity is a valuable resource for health at work and for organisational performance (Caroly, 2010; Clot, 2010). That’s why it is necessary to preserve and protect it. Here, the objective is to determine conditions of activity that can participate to collective dynamics in engineering. Professionals involved are the key stone of this thesis.With our intervention research, we tried to identify the resources and the constraints of an efficient and significant collective activity for actors of engineering. Our working analysis combines two processes: understand to transform (interventional aim) and change to understand (epistemic and scientific aim).From a macro-organisational point of view, the first point is to identify socio-technical resources and constraints of collective activity. Then, we address personal experience, needs and expectations of actors in terms of collective dynamics (micro-organisational level); before designing and deploying interventions with them (meso-organisational level). Finally, we will see how it is possible to (re)-introduce a dialogical activity in the global work. This way permits to (re)-create opportunities for people to spot themselves in the ecosystem (team level) and to have a better understanding of shared practices and mutual expectations. To (re)-open the debate, focusing on the expression of people (rather than the information, only) can help actors to locate them in their work ecosystem and to fall within a matrix this system of work, over-equipped in terms of socio-technical tools
Nguyen, Tu Anh. "Sources de la croissance économique : capital matériel, capital humain, ressources naturelles et PTF". Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010029.
Heckel, Thomas. "Effets de l'informatisation sur la productivité et la demande de capital humain". Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00139396.
Le premier article montre de façon comptable que l'utilisation et la production des TIC ont fortement contribué à la croissance dans les années 90 en France.
Le deuxième article propose une nouvelle méthode pour évaluer l'effet de l'informatisation sur la demande de capital humain. Celle ci est fondée sur l'estimation de la fonction de production et permet de traiter plus facilement les problèmes d'endogénéité. Elle conduit néanmoins à des résultats très imprécis.
Le troisième article examine l'effet des TIC sur la productivité. Les résultats suggèrent que l'adoption d'Internet affecterait la croissance de la productivité globale des facteurs dans les années 90 en France, via un effet sur l'efficacité des femmes et des employés qualifiés.
Le dernier article évalue l'effet de l'adoption des TIC sur la demande de capital humain. Il indique que les entreprises qui ont adopté ces technologies n'ont pas déplacé leur demande de travail en faveur des jeunes ou des qualifiés. Selon ces deux articles, l'impact des TIC ne dépendrait pas de l'utilisation ou de l'adoption de nouvelles pratiques organisationnelles.
Marinescu, Ioana. "Coûts et procédures de licenciement, croissance et innovation technologique". Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0038.
The right for workers to challenge their dismissal at court generates costs for firms. What is the economic impact of these costs? Using a change in British law, we show how an increase in firing costs can diminish the probability of termination and likely increase the quality of matches, and hence productivity. We then study the relationship between these firing costs and the economic cycle. Thus, in France the rate of appeal to labour courts (prud'hommes) is pro cyclical. Moreover in France as the United Kingdom, trials for irregular dismissal are more often decided in favor of firms when unemployment is higher. Lastly, we ask if innovative firms use a specific type of finance. We show that this indeed the case : in particular, the more innovative a firm gets, the less it uses debt as a source of finance
Vancaelemont, Anne. "Matérialité et travail institutionnel des consommateurs. Le cas de l'industrie de la musique enregistrée face à la "dématérialisation" (1994-2014)". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLED039/document.
Consumers are most of the time left at the margins of neo-institutional theory. Yet, the institutional work concept makes it possible to consider consumer practices aimed at maintaining or disrupting formerly institutionalized practices or at creating new ones. Furthermore, taking into account the practices material dimension allows us to consider how objects play a role in consumer institutional work processes. The case of the French recorded music industry from 1994 to 2014 - when MP3 downloading then streaming overcame CD consumption practices - is studied with a grounded theory inductive approach. Our dissertation shows that consumers collaborate in order to perform institutional work (maintaining, disrupting and creating institutionalized practices). To disrupt institutionalized practices, they use « bricolage » to assemble available practices and objects, among themcommunity-objects that play a specific role: sharing information and objects. Moreover, material resilience, not only contributes to practice maintenance but also to disruption and new practices institutionalization
Mattern, Julien. "Sociologie critique de l'innovation technologique : le cas de la télébillettique dans les transports publics parisiens". Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100202.
This thesis deals with human and social issues of technological development, by analyzing the specific case of electronic ticketing (the “Navigo” pass) in parisian public transport. The first part of this work analyzes the consequences of technological innovation on the work of employees involved (bus drivers, sales agents, inspectors and maintenance agents). Then, it considers the reasons why these effects have not been taken seriously by the sociology of labour. In a second step, we analyze the electronic ticketing in the terms of a classical sociology of innovation (Callon, Latour). It shows the views and practical problems encountered by the main instigators of the project. Since its inception (in mid-1980), this innovation has been particularly marked by a tension between a commercial and a technical point of view. We point out the implicit biases that underlie its a-critical views (technical evolutionism and ideology of needs), and we stress out their lack of relevance for the “Navigo” case. The third part applies to the “Navigo” different critical grids of analysis (marxist theory of automation, critical theory of control, critical theory of neoliberalism), before considering this innovation in the current “technological tsunami” context (Tibon-Cornillot)
Montani, Francesco. "Peuvent-ils les objectifs d'innovation amener le comportement innovatif au travail ? : évaluation d'un modèle motivationnel pour l'innovation". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON30100.
The present dissertation aims at applying goal regulation theory to the study of innovative work behaviour. After reviewing the state-of-the-art of innovation literature (first chapter), we conducted three empirical studies on distinct samples. In the first study (second chapter), we hypothesized and found that proactive goal generation – which includes envisioning and planning processes – was positively related to innovative behaviour, and that affective commitment, interacting with production ownership or, alternatively, with leader support for innovation, strengthened this relationship. In the second study (third chapter), we proposed and showed that planning mediated the link between envisioning and innovation, and that psychological empowerment and team support for innovation positively moderated the relationship between envisioning and planning. Finally, in the third study (fourth chapter), we theorized and demonstrated that learning goal orientation, psychological climate for innovation, and task variety enhanced innovative performance indirectly through the mediation of envisioning and planning, and that learning goal orientation amplified the relationship between planning and innovation. Theoretical and practical implications of our works are addressed in the general discussion
De, Oliveira Monteiro Sara Paulina. "Economie de l'innovation, dépenses publiques productives et croissance économique : une étude empirique pour l'évaluation du rôle des infrastructures technologiques dans les pays de l'OCDE". Thesis, Nice, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NICE0025/document.
Our study has the aim of defining the impact generated by the technological infrastructure on innovation and economic growth in the countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). We will draw inspiration from the "Quadruple Helix of Innovation" theory (QH) in order to construct a theoretical model of economic growth that will assess the role played by a set of technological infrastructures belonging to different "innovation ecosystems", in the presence of innovation open systems and the "mode 3" of knowledge production. We chose the recent QH theory on National Innovation Systems (NIS) as it describes a new economic reality where innovation is seen as the result of co-creation between businesses, citizens, universities and government, in a context characterized by the existence of partnerships, networks of collaboration and symbiotic relationships. A theoretical model of economic growth based on R & D and on productive public spending will be developed to demonstrate the importance of the existence of technological infrastructure in promoting innovation, and ultimately its contribution to economic growth. This will make it possible to evaluate the effects of productive public spending through a study of "transitional dynamics" and an empirical analysis based on the new database CANA (2011)
Younis, Joumana. "Technologies numériques & émergence des nouvelles pratiques managériales au Liban". Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CNAM1268.
This thesis will address and identify the effects of the Digital Technologies (DT) on the modified management modes. After having identified the organizational contexts that have passed throughout the history, especially pre-modern, modern and postmodern, the change is studied through the new spaces and issues of work. It comes out that the organizations with a high digital content and digital communications develop managerial practices that ensure their sustainability. The managerial innovation, the organizational agility, the collaborative work, collective intelligence, as well as other practices have been implanted on to more traditional aspects in form but actualized on the merits. The commitment and management styles that have been so strongly influenced by digital technology have led to practices that promote the benevolence while stressing further on the collaboration and the interactivity. The data collected from our empirical research show that the managerial practices of the Lebanese organizations are driven by the Digital Technologies (DT) similarly to the Northern countries, though with less amplitude they have led to innovative communication modes and efficient for the work relationships
García, Mayné. "Configurations spatiales et architecturales : contribution à la formation par l'habitabilité des espaces universitaires". Thesis, Rennes 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN20052/document.
This thesis covers an aspect less developed from the Human and Social Sciences, the role that the architectural conceptions and spaces of study and work in the formative process in the university level in a time of widespread digital culture. From a study in cases with Mexican and French universities, we analyzed how the architectures assist or obstruct practices that favor or hinder formation model with the finality of human development. The construction of data is supported by the ethnographic tools, an analytic model that relates spatial production and analysis of formation dispositives and using technical analysis of the discourse, images and architectural analysis. The study of the interrelationships between what we call spatial and architectural configurations in five universities campi, produced findings linked with the characteristics of habitability and their relationships with the actors project as to the purpose of university formation
Esta tesis aborda un aspecto escasamente trabajado desde las Ciencias Humanas y Sociales: el papel que desempeñan las concepciones arquitectónicas y los espacios de estudio y de trabajo en los procesos formativos universitarios, en un momento de generalización de la cultura digital. A partir de un estudio en casos en universidades mexicanas y francesas, analizamos la manera en que las arquitecturas propician u obstaculizan prácticas que favorezcan los modelos de formación con finalidad de desarrollo humano. La construcción de datos está apoyada en herramientas de corte etnográfico, un modelo analítico que relaciona la producción espacial y el análisis de dispositivos de formación, técnicas de análisis del discurso, análisis de imágenes y análisis arquitectónico. El estudio de las interrelaciones entre lo que denominamos configuraciones arquitectónicas y espaciales en cinco campi universitarios produjo hallazgos ligados con las características de la habitabilidad y sus relaciones con el proyecto de los actores en cuanto a las finalidades de la formación universitaria
Tan, Joanne. "Essays on labor economics : sorting, inequality and technological change". Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018IEPP0035.
This thesis examines the themes of sorting, inequality and the impact of technological change on the labor market. In particular, it addresses the questions of how workers sort within and between firms and how this influences labor market inequality, both in the workforce as a while, as well as between demographic and skill groups. It also considers how changes in technology affects the labor market conditions faced by workers and firms. These questions are tackled over three chapters. The first chapter, entitled `Multidimensional heterogeneity and matching in a frictional labor market - an application to polarization' deals with the sorting of workers to firms along multidimensional characteristics and quantifies the impact of technological change on the evolution of sorting patterns, wages and employment outcomes of different skill and demographic groups. I construct a model of directed search with two-sided multidimensional heterogeneity and estimate the model on US data. I find that production complementarities between cognitive and interpersonal skills and tasks have increased, relative to hat between manual skills and manual tasks. This change in production technology accounts for a large part of wage and job polarization in the US. Also, despite being gender-blind, the model can explain a substantial fraction of the narrowing of gender wage and job rank gaps from the 1980s to the present day. The second chapter, entitled `Intra-firm hierarchies and gender gaps' and coauthored with Nicolo Dalvit and Aseem Patel, studies the sorting of women into layers of hierarchy within firms, using administrative French data, and examines the incidence of gender wage and employment gaps across hierarchies over time. Further, by exploiting a policy on corporate board quotas in France, it assesses the impact of an increase in female leadership on gender wage and employment outcomes within firms. We find that hierarchies matter in gender wage and employment gaps. Gender wage and employment gaps increase with each layer of firm hierarchy, even if these gaps narrow more over time in the upper layers. In addition, improvements in top female leadership has differing impacts across hierarchies. While a greater share of female corporate board members narrows the gender wage gap in top layers of hierarchy, it has no such impact on lower layers. Instead, it increases the share of women in lower layers working part-time, at the expense of full-time employment. The opposite is true for women in upper layers. The third chapter, `Occupational Shortage and Labor Market Adjustments: a Theory of Islands', coauthored with Riccardo Zago, addresses the incidence of occupational shortage, and assesses whether it leads to wage and employment adjustments. Using a unique dataset on reported vacancies that firms find difficult to fill, we document the incidence of shortage across regions, industries and occupation groups. We find that shortage only leads to wage and employment adjustments in non-routine occupations, but not in routine occupations. We show how the secular decline of the routine occupations, caused by technological change, can account for the persistence in shortage in the routine sector and its inability to adjust
Zago, Riccardo. "Three essays in applied macro". Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018IEPP0027.
During my PhD I conducted applied macroeconomic research on several different topics, spanning from the effects of job polarization on workers reallocation to the effects of monetary policy on firms capital structure and financial decisions. This thesis collects three articles on these arguments. The main article of the thesis is my job market paper. This work gave me the opportunity to explore in detail the effects of technological change on the occupational structure of labor markets, but also its effects on the reallocation of workers across jobs and the process of sorting skills to jobs. Or in other words, the paper answers these questions: how do workers use the job ladder when technological innovation changes its structure? What are their job opportunities, given their skills, when technology changes? And what skills do employers look for? This argument always intrigued me, and its relevance is raising the attention of governments and policy makers in many developed economics. My research departs from these facts to analyze what are the heterogeneous effects of technological change on workers and firms. In particular, it shows -as already documented in the literature on job polarization- that technological innovation reshapes the occupational structure of the economy by destroying some type of jobs. However I show that, at the same time, technological innovation changes the demand for skills in each occupation such that it has heterogeneous effects across workers in terms of labor mobility, job opportunities and match quality. In particular, this paper is the first to show that technology - by causing the polarization of the labor market- triggers large movements from the top to the bottom of the job ladder, with many workers ending up in lower paying and lower qualifying occupations just after the disruptive effects of technological change were consumed. The effects of technological change on labor market outcomes and dynamics is explored also in the second chapter of this thesis. In particular, this work, joint with Joanne Tan, shows how technological change can explain the raise of occupational shortage. More interestingly, it shows how different segments of the labor market react to occupational shortage. In the last chapter of the thesis, I turn my attention to the relationship of monetary policy and corporate decision of share repurchase. This topic is fully unrelated from the previous one, but I have always been interested on how macro-variables can influence managers decisions at micro level. In this work, joint with Assia Egouace, we use firm-level data and show that American corporations buyback more their own shares in period of accommodating monetary policy, i.e. when the cost of debt is low. In fact we show that if the yield curve of a firm adjusts in the direction predicted by monetary policy, i.e. the corporate cost of debt diminishes, the firm is going to issue more bonds to raise money at lower costs. However, they are going to use most of these new liquidity to finance a repurchase program rather than investing into new capital and employment. This crowding out effect of buybacks on new investment and employment casts doubts since it attenuates the transmission of monetary policy
Medzo-M'engone, Joseph. "Usage des TIC, qualité de vie, bien-être et santé psychologique au travail : une étude réalisée au Ministère de l'Economie Numérique, de la Communication et de la Poste du Gabon". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2067/document.
The use of technology in public organizations in some African countries such as Gabon reflects a desire to improve quality of service for users and to make work processes more effective. Literature presents evidences that technological innovations in Western companies bring some advantages on both organizational and socio-professional levels, but also numerous negative impacts. The impact of technological change on occupational and organizational psychology in Public Administration in Gabon has not been studied yet. This thesis seeks to understand the impact of technologies on the Work-Related Quality of Life (WRQoL) factors and on psychological health and well-being in a larger governmental department. In this perspective, two studies (involving a mix of qualitative approaches with analysis and comprehension of their occupations, and of quantitative approaches with the measurement of the QWL and well-being), based on 91 senior civil servants, have been conducted, before and after the Ministry was computerised.The first study (T1) highlights the senior civil servants’ socio-professional and psychosocial conditions prior to the implementation of new technologies. As such, semi-structured interviews show that senior civil servants do their jobs depending on the nature of their positions. Findings reveal particularly inflexible and hierarchical organisational conditions. The presence and the pregnance of the «clannish culture » also determine working arrangements and communicating, which is mainly characterized by community-based working relationships and where ethnicity and regional belonging play a major role. Furthermore, QWL survey data show a relatively low level of psychological well-being in senior civil servants even though they feel positively about their various work situations.The second study (T2) describes senior civil servants’ socio-professional and psychosocial status six months following the implementation of new technologies. Our analyses show that the introduction of new technologies has led to big changes in work organisation, such as restructuring on the socio-professional, collective (a better collaboration and coordination), organizational (enhanced flexibility and initiatives) and personal (efficiency, reactivity and rapidity in carrying out administrative tasks) levels. Findings underline that senior civil servants set up new, more flexible plans of action when facing the inconsistencies revealed by the study. Statistical studies show that new technologies have a fairly positive impact on their psychological well-being. Devices also positively affect senior civil servants’ flexibility in decision-making, but paradoxically lead to a relatively high psychological demand. Yet, senior civil servants see their working conditions as positive in the technological context. The national (clannish) culture, which persists even after the introduction of technological tools, seems to play a mediating and even moderating role in the use and the impacts of ICT (Information and Communications Technologies) on senior civil servants’ psychological well-being and occupational health.To conclude, this thesis work provides key elements of reflection and analysis on the links between digitization of administrative activity and the concepts of QWL, well-being and health in public organizations of African developing countries such as Gabon