Bibliografie tematiche / Conditions de concurrence

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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Conditions de concurrence"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 5 ottobre 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Conditions de concurrence"

Żbikowska, Małgorzata. "Metodologiczne i dogmatyczne aspekty zbiegu przesłanek procesowych w postępowaniu karnym". Prawo w Działaniu 39 (2019): 168–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.32041/pwd.3908.

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The paper analyses the problems of concurrence of the conditions under which criminal proceedings are permissible. In Polish legal studies, there are different takes on these problems. The author introduces a division into concurrence of formal conditions of the same kind (Article 17(1)(5) and (7) to (10) of the Code of Criminal Procedure), concurrence of substantive conditions of the same kind (Article 17(1)(1) to (4) CCP) and concurrence of conditions of different kinds, after which she tries to develop practical guidance to help either choose one of the concurrent conditions under proceedings are permissible as the grounds for refusal to initiate criminal proceedings or for discontinuance of such proceedings or – alternatively – for accumulation of such conditions. The author of the article provides arguments for and against both cumulative and eliminative concurrence of conditions under which proceedings are permissible; basically she is inclined to treat them as cumulative.

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Korenblum, Boris, e John C. Racquet. "Concurrence of uniqueness and boundedness conditions for regular sequences". Complex Variables, Theory and Application: An International Journal 41, n. 3 (maggio 2000): 231–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17476930008815251.

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Kreykes, Amy J., Rahul Suresh, Dana Levin e David C. Hilmers. "Selecting Medical Conditions Relevant to Exploration Spaceflight to Create the IMPACT 1.0 Medical Condition List". Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance 94, n. 7 (1 luglio 2023): 550–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3357/amhp.6199.2023.

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INTRODUCTION: Medical conditions occurring in spaceflight pose risks to the crew and the mission and these risks will be exacerbated during exploration-class missions. Probabilistic risk assessment is a method used at NASA to quantify this risk for low-Earth orbit operations. Informing Mission Planning via Analysis of Complex Tradespaces (IMPACT) is a next-generation tool suite that will perform these assessments for exploration-class missions. It will require a robust list of medical conditions of significant likelihood and/or consequence to exploration-class missions to accurately inform the tool suite.METHODS: The IMPACT 1.0 Medical Condition List (ICL 1.0) contains 120 conditions selected in the context of a 210-d cis-lunar, Mars analog design reference mission. The conditions were selected via a systematic process that preserved institutional knowledge from nine prior condition lists. Conditions were prioritized for inclusion in the ICL 1.0 based on history of occurrence in spaceflight, concurrence among the nine source lists, and concurrence among subject matter experts.DISCUSSION: The ICL 1.0 has notable advantages over its predecessor lists in that it is more specific to exploration-class missions, contains a greater number, breadth, and depth of conditions, and was derived via consensus across multiple medical specialties.Kreykes AJ, Suresh R, Levin D, Hilmers DC. Selecting medical conditions relevant to exploration spaceflight to create the IMPACT 1.0 Medical Condition List. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2023; 94(7):550–557.

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BOURDIEU, Pierre. "La spécificité du champ scientifique et les conditions sociales du progrès de la raison". Sociologie et sociétés 7, n. 1 (30 settembre 2002): 91–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/001089ar.

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Résumé En opposition à la sociologie officielle de la science qui ne fait qu'enregistrer l'image triomphante que l'hagiographie scientifique produit et propage, qui constitue la " communauté scientifique " comme un champ social d'exception et qui néglige les phénomènes de domination, l'auteur introduit et élabore la notion de " champ scientifique " qu'il définit à la fois comme le système des relations objectives entre des positions sociales et comme le lieu de la concurrence qui a pour enjeu spécifique le monopole de l'autorité scientifique inséparablement définie comme capacité technique et comme pouvoir social. Il découle de cette définition qu'il est vain de distinguer entre des déterminations proprement scientifiques et des déterminations proprement sociales des pratiques scientifiques : la lutte pour l'autorité scientifique est une lutte irréparablement politique et scientifique dont la spécificité est qu'elle oppose des producteurs qui tendent à n'avoir d'autres clients que leurs concurrents.

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Alayrac, Pierre. "Concurrence sur la concurrence. La résistible économicisation des pratiques et de l’administration du contrôle des marchés à la Commission européenne (1958-2003)". Revue Française de Socio-Économie 31, n. 2 (13 dicembre 2023): 69–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rfse.031.0069.

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La littérature sur la politique européenne de concurrence présente un hiatus. À ses débuts, elle aurait d’abord été marquée par une approche très légaliste de la régulation des luttes économiques, avant une évolution brutale vers une analyse plus économique au tournant des années 2000. Cet article entend proposer un trait d’union entre ces deux épisodes en étudiant la trajectoire heurtée d’économicisation de l’administration européenne de la concurrence et ses conditions de possibilité.

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Slater, Paul B. "Ratios of maximal concurrence-parameterized separability functions, and generalized Peres–Horodecki conditions". Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 42, n. 46 (22 ottobre 2009): 465305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/42/46/465305.

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Madiés, Thierry. "Prix de transfert optimaux et comportement stratégique des multinationales". Recherches économiques de Louvain 69, n. 4 (2003): 387–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0770451800007934.

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RésuméL'objet de cet article est de proposer un modèle permettant de déterminer le prix de transfert optimal entre deux filiales d'une multinationale qui choisissent de façon décentralisée les quantités (concurrence à la Cournot) ou les prix optimaux (concurrence à la Bertrand) sur les marchés oligopolistiques où elles opèrent. Nous montrons que le prix de transfert qui permet à la multinationale de maximiser ses bénéfices consolidés est fonction de trois effets : (1) un effet « transfert de bénéfice » qui dépend de la comparaison des taux d'impôt entre les deux pays où sont situés les filiales; (2) un « effet stratégique » qui provient de ce qu'un prix de transfert sous évalué (inférieur au coût marginal de production de la filiale exportatrice) peut permettre à la filiale étrangère d'être plus agressive sur son marché; (3) un « effet de rétroaction » qui constitue une force de rappel par rapport aux deuxième effet dans le sens où si les coûts marginaux de production de la filiales exportatrice sont croissants, une augmentation des quantités vendues par la filiale étrangère réduit la production de la filiale exportatrice sur son propre marché (et par là même ses profits). Nous montrons en outre que si les coûts de production ne sont plus identiques, le prix de transfert optimal sera d'autant plus faible dans une concurrence à la Cournot que le coût marginal de production de la filiale exportatrice est lui-même faible. Nous étudions enfin les conditions (fiscales) sous lesquelles la multinationale peut exclure les entreprises concurrentes du marché du bien final quand elle les approvisionne en input intermédiaire.

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Berque, Augustin. "Le Japon : Conditions et dangers de la dépendance alimentaire". Études internationales 12, n. 1 (12 aprile 2005): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/701157ar.

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During the high economic growth years (1955-1973), Japan became heavily dependant on food, foodstuff and lumber imports. This evolution was due partly to general contraints (narrowness of land, rise in living standards, etc), partly to the structural transformations of Japanese agriculture (development of stock raising, shrinking of winter crops, etc). Custom barriers have been lowered in many cases. Nevertheless, agricultural and food prices remain very high, and the present policy is to stimulate the productions which, during the high growth era, had been given up to international concurrence. Priority is now given to maintaining or raising self-sufficiency ratios which had dangerously subsided during the sixties.

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VIDICAN, Roxana, Susana SFECHIȘ e Ioan ROTAR. "Influence of Zeolite Fertilization on Spring Barley Crop under Ecopedological Conditions from ARDS Turda". Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Agriculture 70, n. 2 (26 novembre 2013): 469–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:9824.

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The use of zeolites in agriculture is part of the current trend of finding viable alternatives for increasing soil productivity in concurrence with growing fertility. Using zeolite as a partial or total replacement for chemical fertilizers is based of the vast capability of this product to improve the physical and chemical properties of soil. The spring barley crop fertilizer use based on zeolite had a beneficial effect, increasing production.

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Fontana, G., A. Toreti, A. Ceglar e G. De Sanctis. "Early heat waves over Italy and their impacts on durum wheat yields". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 15, n. 7 (28 luglio 2015): 1631–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-1631-2015.

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Abstract. In the last decades the Euro-Mediterranean region has experienced an increase in extreme temperature events such as heat waves. These extreme weather conditions can strongly affect arable crop growth and final yields. Here, early heat waves over Italy from 1995 to 2013 are identified and characterised and their impact on durum wheat yields is investigated. As expected, results confirm the impact of the 2003 heat wave and highlight a high percentage of concurrence of early heat waves and significant negative yield anomalies in 13 out of 39 durum wheat production areas. In south-eastern Italy (the most important area for durum wheat production), the percentage of concurrent events exceeds 80 %.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Conditions de concurrence"

Bouchellal, Abdellah. "Incidence de la concurrence bancaire sur les conditions de crédit". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ORLE0506.

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La présente thèse analyse l’incidence de la concurrence bancaire sur le coût et la qualité du crédit produit par les établissements de crédit. Plus précisément, les investigations empiriques menées dans le cadre de ce travail visent deux objectifs complémentaires. Tout d’abord, évaluer dans quelle mesure le degré de rivalité entre les banques influence la stratégie de tarification des banques et par conséquent le coût de financement des entreprises. Le second objectif de cette thèse consiste à étudier l’impact de la concurrence bancaire sur la manière dont les banques produisent de l’information privée sur leurs clients. Pour cela, nous procédons en deux étapes. En premier lieu, nous examinons l’influence du degré de rivalité entre les banques sur la nature des informations utilisées par les chargés d’affaires dans l’évaluation de la qualité des emprunteurs. En second lieu, nous vérifions l’implication de la concurrence bancaire dans la rupture des relations de long terme. Nous adoptons pour toutes les analyses conduites dans cette thèse une démarche permettant d’exploiter la complémentarité entre différents indicateurs de concurrence utilisés dans la littérature afin d’appréhender au mieux le niveau de rivalité entre les banques. Plusieurs résultats se dégagent des multiples analyses empiriques menées dans le cadre de ce travail. Premièrement, il ressort de nos investigations empiriques que le pouvoir de marché des institutions financières découle de deux sources distinctes: le poids de la banque dans la structure du marché local du crédit et le degré d’efficience de l’établissement de crédit. Par conséquent, l’incidence de la concurrence bancaire dépend de sa capacité à influencer la structure du marché local du crédit ou bien l’efficience des banques. De plus, nous montrons qu’au sein d’un marché bancaire concentré, l’existence de fortes rivalités entre les banques réduit le coût de financement des entreprises si ces dernières disposent d’une relation bancaire principale. Enfin, nous démontrons que la concurrence bancaire accroît la longévité des relations de clientèle et encourage les chargés d’affaires à produire plus d’informations privées sur les emprunteurs. Toutefois, il serait prudent au niveau des banques de suivre l’évolution des comportements des gestionnaires de relations bancaires en matière de production d’informations afin d’adapter les mesures incitatives à mettre en place pour garantir la pérennité de leurs comportements
This thesis investigates the effect of banking competition on the cost and the quality of lending to firms by financial institutions. Specifically, the empirical analyzes conducted in this thesis aim to reach two complementary objectives. First, assessing the degree to which the rivalry between banks influences their pricing strategy and therefore the cost of corporate financing. The second objective of this thesis is to study the impacts of bank competition on the way banks generate private information about their customers. To this end we proceed in two steps. First, we investigate whether banking competition affects the type of information used by loan officers to assess borrower’s quality. Then, we check the involvement of bank competition in the termination of bank-firm relationships. We consider for all the analyzes conducted in this thesis an approach where the complementarity between different competition indicators used in the literature is exploited in order to better understand the level of rivalry among banks. Several results emerge from the multiple empirical analyzes conducted in this thesis. First, these show that the market power of financial institutions result from two separate sources: the weight of the bank in the local credit market structure, and the level of efficiency of the credit institution. Therefore, the impact of competition between banks depends on the ability of banking competition to influence the local market structure of credit or the efficiency of bank. Moreover, we show that within a concentrated banking market, the existence of strong rivalries between banks reduced the financing cost of firms that had a house bank. Finally, we demonstrate that banking competition increases the duration of bank-firm relationships and encourages loan officers to produce more private information about borrowers. However, it would be safe for banks to monitor the behavior of loan officers regarding their role on information production, in order to design incentives that ensure a sustained effort on their part

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Bouchellal, Abdellah. "Incidence de la concurrence bancaire sur les conditions de crédit". Thesis, Orléans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ORLE0506/document.

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Eisele, Jean-Paul. "Les conditions de la clause de non-concurrence en droit allemand et en droit français". Nancy 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NAN20002.

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Dans le chapitre préliminaire sera présenté l'environnement juridique de la clause de non-concurrence, c'est-à-dire le paysage juridique allemand (la jurisprudence, le rôle de la doctrine et le contrat de travail) et les règles constitutionnelles et internationales. La partie 1 sera consacrée à l'intérêt légitime de l'employeur (droit allemand) ou de l'entreprise (droit français). Seront successivement abordées l'exigence et la notion d'intérêt légitime puis il sera opéré un rapprochement entre l'exigence d'un intérêt légitime et la vie du contrat de travail. La partie 2 étudiera la préservation de l'intérêt du débiteur de non-concurrence en s'intéressant tout d'abord à l'engagement du salarie (validité de l'engagement et limitation de la portée de l'engagement), puis en recherchant quelle est la compensation du respect de l'engagement de non-concurrence par le salarié.

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Mansouri, Yassine Gilles Philippe Boismery Hervé. "La localisation des activités productives Les tentions entre forces centrifuges et forces centripètes /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00326119/fr.

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Sefiane, Hanane. "L’opposabilité et l’action en concurrence déloyale". Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST0072.

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L’insertion du contrat dans la vie sociale a mis en lumière des conflits d’intérêts entre d’une part les parties contractantes, qui souhaitent que leurs prévisions contractuelles se réalisent et d’autre part, les tiers, qui ne veulent pas voir leur liberté limitée par un contrat auquel ils n’ont pas consenti. La théorie de l’opposabilité, assurant une fonction préférentielle, tranche le conflit d’intérêts antagonistes en réservant aux parties contractantes une exclusivité, la connaissance étant alors le critère d’attribution de cette situation préférentielle. Dès lors tout tiers qui avec connaissance incite ou aide un débiteur à violer son obligation contractuelle engage sa responsabilité à l’égard du créancier de cette obligation. Dans un contexte concurrentiel, l’opposabilité du contrat (ou du droit subjectif) va aboutir à créer une zone d’exclusivité en faveur des parties (ou détenteurs de droits) et étouffer la liberté concurrentielle des tiers. Le droit va alors délimiter une zone d’activité pour chacun. Nos travaux de recherches visent à étudier le phénomène d’opposabilité, entendu comme l’effet d’un acte ou fait juridique sur les tiers, dans un contexte concurrentiel ; et le mécanisme de conciliation qu’est l’action en concurrence déloyale. Après l’étude des solutions existantes, nous tenterons de dégager un critère du comportement déloyal permettant une appréhension globale et contextuelle de l’effet de l’acte concurrentiel sur un marché, afin d’ajuster le degré d’opposabilité suffisant à la protection des uns et à la préservation de la liberté concurrentielle des autres
Law rules relations between individuals. From an economic angle, it defines an activity range for each operator. Our research work aims at studying the french concept of “opposabilité” in a competitive background. The question is about analysing the effects of a contract or an exclusive right regarding third competitors; and the reconciliation proceeding that is the action on unfair competition. We will attempt to draw a criterion from unfair behaviour that enables a better analysis of the effect of competitive action on a market and therefore on this market's own operators, to adapt the “opposabilié” degree to allow protection of some and preservation of freedom for others

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Ostojski, Laurent. "Les conditions de vente à l'épreuve du droit des contrats et du droit de la concurrence". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012VERS015S.

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« Socle de la négociation commerciale », les Conditions de Vente occupent une place centrale dans la vie des affaires. Néanmoins, elles sont également sources de nombreuses interrogations, étant soumises aux influences conjuguées du droit des contrats et du droit de la concurrence. En effet, la liberté contractuelle ne s’oppose-t-elle pas à toute idée de transparence et d’équilibre entre les parties ? De même, permet-elle un contrôle effectif des comportements des opérateurs ? Réels, ces obstacles ne semblent pourtant pas insurmontables. Pour peu que l’on redéfinisse leurs rôles de manière claire, droit des contrats et droit de la concurrence sont conciliables. En imposant un point de départ fixe et transparent ainsi que des limites, le droit permettrait aux parties d’adapter leur convention à leurs besoins sans crainte d’abus. Formalisée, cette dernière permettrait également au législateur de s’assurer de l’absence de pratiques susceptibles de fausser irrémédiablement la concurrence
“Root of any commercial negotiation”, Conditions of Sale (i. E. General conditions of sale, specific conditions of sale and retailing global contracts) are essential for business. Yet, subject to the combined influence of two opposing rights: contract law and competition law, they raise many questions in practice. Is market transparency compatible with freedom of contract? If so, will this freedom emphasize the existing economic imbalances? Can the law-maker admit negotiability without abandoning the idea of effective controls? Although they exist, all these obstacles do not seem insurmountable. As long as their roles are clearly redefined, contract and competition laws can be reconciled. Thanks to a fixed and transparent basis as well as limitations, the parties would be allowed to tailor their agreement to their needs without any risk of imbalance. Formalized, such contract would also make the legislator sure that it doesn’t contain competition distorting clauses

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Odoni, Miriam. "Concurrence et classement : la sélection par les concours dans la carrière des musiciens". Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0146.

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L'objectif de cette recherche est d'étudier les mécanismes de sélection du marché musical à travers un prisme particulier qui est celui du concours de musique international. Dans le cadre de ce travail, il s'agit d'analyser les parcours de musiciens ayant passé par un concours de musique international et désirant faire une carrière internationale afin d'analyser l'impact de l'obtention d'un prix dans la carrière du musicien à court terme et à long terme. Il apparaît en effet que le marché de la musique présente des particularités spécifiques, celles d'une très forte concurrence entre les différents acteurs et d'un fonctionnement selon le mode de l'organisation par projets. Dès lors, nous nous intéressons à la manière dont les musiciens parviennent à s'insérer sur ce marché et aux ressources qu'ils utilisent pour s'y faire une place et pour s'y maintenir. Les questions principales qui nous guident sont les suivantes : quelle est la fonction d'un concours de musique international dans le contexte d'un marché du travail ouvert et concurrentiel ? Quel rôle joue-t-il dans l'insertion professionnelle des musiciens ? S'appuyant sur une méthodologie mixte (observations ; entretiens avec des candidats aux concours, des organisateurs de concours, des lauréats ; et un questionnaire adressé à des lauréats), notre travail met en avant trois fonctions clés de ces concours : l'apprentissage et la socialisation, la sélection et la construction des réputations
The objective of this research was to study the different ways in which musicians are selected for careers in the world of professional music, using international music competitions as our particular frame of reference. In this study, the focus was set on analyzing the careers of musicians who had entered international music competitions in the hopes of launching an international career. The goal pursued was to assess how their careers were affected, both in the short term and long-term, by winning. We found the world of professional music possesses specific features, notably high competition between the actors and different ways of functioning depending on how projects are organized. From this, we focused on how musicians manage to launch their careers in the music market and what resources they use to both spark and maintain success. By this we have strived to answer the following questions: What role does international music competition play in an open and competitive market place? And how does it influence the careers of musicians ? Our study was based on mixed methodologies including observations, as well as interviews with contestants, organizers, and prize-winners, in addition to a questionnaire for prize-winners. The collected data highlights three key functions pertaining to such competitions : learning and socialization, musician selection, and construction of reputation

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Khimich, Aleksandra. "Essays in competition policy". Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU10008/document.

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Dommage économique causé par les cartels: une évaluation pour les pays en voie de développement (En collaboration avec Marc IVALDI, L'École d'économie de Toulouse et CEPR et Frédéric JENNY, ESSEC Business School, Paris) : La détection et la sanction des cartels reste toujours d'une grande importance pour les autorités de la concurrence développées en raison d'une compréhension claire de leur danger potentiel, et donc des avantages de leur dissuasion. Néanmoins, les pays en développement ont souvent du mal à créer ou à renforcer leur autorité de la concurrence - l'exécution d'une division antitrust est coûteuse et la preuve à l'appui concernant les avantages potentiels est toujours manquante. Présente étude fournit la preuve quantitative manquante. Elle propose une évaluation du dommage économique total causé par les cartels en termes de chiffre d'affaires affecté par les pratiques collusoires ainsi qu'en termes de profits excessifs des ententes découlant de surcharge des consommateurs. Les résultats suggèrent que le préjudice économique totale estimé en termes de profits excessifs divisés par le PIB correspondant peut atteindre jusqu’à 1%. En outre, comme la probabilité annuelle maximale de découvrir une entente déjà existante est estimée à environ 24%, il est suggéré que le dommage économique réel dépasse nos estimations, au moins quatre fois. / Évaluation de la précision des outils proposés dans les lignes directrices sur les fusions (En collaboration avec Marc Ivaldi, L'École d'économie de Toulouse et CEPR et Jérôme Foncel, EQUIPPE, Université de Lille) : Présente étude propose une évaluation complète de la précision de deux outils proposés par les lignes directrices sur les fusions les plus avancés - le critère traditionnel HHI et un plus récent UPP - et défini les conditions économiques qui favorisent les prédictions trompeuses. Les simulations de Monte-Carlo sont utilisées pour créer des économies qui sont utilisés pour mesurer les effets des fusions et d'évaluer la performance des outils d'évaluation choisis. Les résultats suggèrent que le test HHI à une capacité très faible de déterminer le potentiel de l'augmentation des prix lorsqu'il est appliqué à un marché de produits différenciés. Dans son tour, le test UPP peut aussi être très trompeur, même si l'on a une information parfaite sur les principaux ingrédients nécessaires pour le calculer. L’étude démontre que certains d'erreurs de type I et de type II se produit parce que les tests de type UPP par construction ne tiennent pas compte de la ‘pression’ sur le prix subie par le partenaire de fusion. Elle aussi explique comment ce dernier peut être réglé en tenant compte du degré de transmission croisé correspondant. / Le rôle du degré de transmission croisé dans les évaluations des fusions : Présente étude démontre que l'ignorance de l’effet de transmission croisé, et en particulier de son signe, peut conduire à des conclusions erronées dans presque toutes les étapes d’évaluation d’une fusion, y compris la procédure de définition du marché et l'évaluation des effets coordonnés et unilatéraux. Par conséquent, l’étude aussi offre un examen des propriétés de l'ensemble de la matrice des degrés de transmission dans un cadre suffisamment général et en même temps plus pratique pour les concentrations horizontales et tire les caractéristiques exactes des systèmes d'offre et de demande qui affectent le signe du degré de transmission croisé
Cartels Damages to the Economy: An Assessment for Developing Countries (Joint with Marc IVALDI, Toulouse School of Economics and CEPR and Frédéric JENNY, ESSEC Business School, Paris) : The detection and sanction of cartels traditionally remains of a high importance for developed anti-trust authorities because of a clear understanding of their potential harm, and therefore of the potential benefits of their deterrence. Nevertheless, developing countries often struggle to create or reinforce their competition authority - running an antitrust division is costly and the supportive evidence concerning the potential benefits is still missing. Present study provides the missing quantitative evidence. It offers an assessment of the aggregate economic harm caused by cartels in developing countries measured in terms of sales affected by collusive practices as well as in terms of cartel excess profits arising from overcharging consumers. The results suggest that the aggregate economic damage estimated in terms of cartels’ excess profits can reach almost 1% when divided by the corresponding GDP. Furthermore, as the maximal annual probability of uncovering an already existing cartel is estimated to be around 24%, it is suggested that the actual economic harm exceeds our estimations at least fourfold. / Assessing the accuracy of merger guidelines’ screening tools (Joint with Marc Ivaldi, Toulouse School of Economics and Jérôme Foncel, EQUIPPE, University of Lille) : Present study offers a comprehensive assessment of the accuracy of two tools proposed by the most advanced merger guidelines - the traditional HHI test and a more recent UPP test- and attempts to define the economic conditions that favor misleading predictions. Monte-Carlo simulations are used to create economies that are further employed to measure the effects of mergers and to evaluate the performance of the chosen evaluation tools. Results suggest that the HHI test being applied to a market with differentiated products has a very weak performance. In its’ turn, the UPP test can also be quite misleading, even if one has perfect information on the main ingredients needed to compute it. It appears that some of type-I and type-II errors occur because the UPP-like tests by construction ignore the pricing pressure experienced by the merging partner. We demonstrate how this can be fixed by taking into account the corresponding cross pass-through rate. / The role of the cross pass-through effects in merger analysis : Present study demonstrates that the ignorance of the cross pass-through effect, and particularly of its sign, can lead to misleading conclusions in almost all stages of merger investigations, including the market definition procedure and the assessment of coordinated and unilateral effects. It offers an examination of the properties of the pass-through matrix in a sufficiently general framework that is convenient for horizontal merger analysis and derives the exact characteristics of both the demand and supply systems that affect the sign of the cross pass-through

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Ayed, Amine. "Les marchés électroniques : structures, concurrence et conditions d’efficience : une application à la distribution des livres sur Internet". Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL12009/document.

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Au-delà de l'adoption des marchés électroniques de la part des consommateurs et des offreurs, ces marchés ont fait l'objet de plusieurs recherches académiques. Ils ont posé plusieurs questions relatives à leur structure, à leur fonctionnement et à leur degré d'efficience. Ce dernier élément nous parait crucial pour prévoir le développement futur de ces marchés. Avec les marchés électroniques, un système économique plus concurrentiel permettant caractérisé par un grand nombre d’offreurs et de demandeurs où l’information est quasi parfaite devrait prendre place. Si de nombreuses études ont été effectuées pour comparer les prix des offreurs opérant sur les marchés traditionnels et les prix des offreurs opérant sur les marchés électroniques, rares sont les études qui ont analysé les stratégies-prix entre les offreurs purement électroniques et les offreurs hybrides. Nous présentons dans le cadre de notre travail une analyse, à la fois théorique et empirique, de la concurrence sur les marchés électroniques, ayant pour but de déterminer si ces marchés sont plus efficients que les marchés traditionnels. Afin de trancher les questions relatives à la nature de la concurrence et aux stratégies-prix sur ces marchés, nous avons suivi l'évolution des prix de 70 livres vendus par 6 offreurs sur une période de 6 mois. Nos résultats montrent que contrairement aux attentes théoriques, la concurrence par les prix entre les offreurs n’est pas la règle et les prix sur ces marchés ne convergent pas vers la loi du prix unique. D’autres facteurs encouragent les offreurs à ne pas s’engager dans une concurrence par les prix (la discrimination, l'image de marque, les stratégies de lock-in). Nous pouvons conclure que ces marchés ne sont pas des marchés parfaitement efficients et les stratégies-prix adoptées par les offreurs sont complexes. Même s’ils ne sont pas des marchés parfaitement efficients, les marchés électroniques sont sans doute plus efficients que les marchés traditionnels
Price levels and price dispersion on the Internet have attracted a lot of economic and managerial research. Contrary to initial predictions that the Internet would lead to the emergence of frictionless economy, empirical research shows price dispersion persist in electronic market. There have been a few studies comparing prices levels at online and offline retailers, but not much is known about how prices compare among two types of retailers, pure play and bricks-and-clicks retailers. We address this important issue in this thesis through an empirical analysis of price levels, price dispersion and menu cost in the book industry among the two types of retailers in electronic market. This thesis responds to this need by exploring how the Internet reduces the market friction common in physical commerce. Our objective is to address the question of online price and dispersion empirically and theoretically. We seek to determine whether the pricing policies of these two types of online retailers differ, possibly because of the different competitive environments in which each operates.Using data collected an 6 month period, we investigate our hypotheses using a data set of book prices for 70 titles sold by 6 retailers in electronic market. One common prediction is that the reduction in search costs on the Internet relative to the traditional market would cause both price and price dispersion to fall. We present evidence for the persistence of price dispersion in electronic market books. We show that prices do not converge to the “law of one price”. Price changes by both types of retailers do not change their price frequently despite the claim that menu cost might be negligible in electronic market. Our findings suggest the online markets are still inefficient and online price strategy is complex, offering opportunities for different types of retailers in electronic market to differentiate themselves from another

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Kotto, Dominique Nicole. "Le Japon dans la concurrence triadique, tour à tour menace concurrentielle, paradigme et "pays malade" de la mondialisation". Paris 13, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA131023.

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Pendant près de cinquante ans, depuis la fin de la seconde guerre mondiale, le Japon a suscité l'attention de nombreux observateurs, tant par ses performances économiques que par ses facultés d'adaptation aux contraintes. A partir des années 1970, le pays est devenu tour à tour, une menace concurrentielle puis un modèle de gestion de la production et des ressources humaines pour les pays développés. A compter de la décennie 90 cependant, l'économie japonaise présente de nombreuses faiblesses qui tendent à la ramener au rang de seconde puissance mondiale; l'économie américaine ayant retrouvée sa primauté, grâce à la finance et à regain de productivité associé à la diffusion rapide de l'informatique. Ce glissement nous invite à réfléchir aux relations de l'économie japonaise au marché mondial (IDE et exportations) au moment où se posent de nombreuses questions concernant le devenir du modèle japonais. . .

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Libri sul tema "Conditions de concurrence"

Harris, Richard G. Les taux de change et la compétitivité internationale de l'économie canadienne. Ottawa, Ont: Conseil économique du Canada, 1992.

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Al-Dbiyat, Mohamed. Homs et Hama en Syrie centrale: Concurrence urbaine et développement régional. Damas: Institut français de Damas, 1995.

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Secrétariat de la prospérité (Canada). Aperçu de certaines études sur la prospérité et la compétitivité du Canada. Ottawa, Ont: Industrie, sciences et technologie Canada, 1992.

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Dormois, Jean-Pierre. L' économie française face à la concurrence britannique à la veille de 1914. Paris: Harmattan, 1997.

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Keith, Newton, Schweitzer Thomas T, Voyer J. P. 1955- e Conseil économique du Canada, a cura di. Perspective 2000: Actes d'une conférence parrainée par le Conseil économique du Canada, décembre 1988. Ottawa, Ont: Conseil économique du Canada, 1990.

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Conference on Northern Competitiveness (1986 Sudbury, Ont.). Conference on Northern Competitiveness : [proceedings] =: Conférence sur la compétivité du nord : [compte-rendus]. [s.l: s.n.], 1986.

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Moser, Dominique Junod. Les conditions générales à la croisée du droit de la concurrence et du droit de la consommation: Étude de droit suisse et de droit européen. Bâle: Helbing & Lichtenhahn, 2001.

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Commission of the European Communities. Growth, competitiveness, employment : the challenges and ways forward into the 21st century : white paper, part C =: Crecimiento, competitividad, empleo : retos y pistas para entrar en el siglo XXI : libro blanco, parte C = Vaekst, konkurrenceevne, beskaeftigelse : udfordringer og veje indi det 21.århundrede : hvidbog, del C =Wachstum, wettbewerbsfähigkeit, beschäftigung : herausforderungen der gegenwart und wege ins 21.jahrhundert : weissbuch, teil C = Anaptyxe, antagonistikoteta, apascholese : oi prokleseis kai e antimetopise toys gia te metavase ston 21o aiona : leyko vivlio = Croissance, compétitivité, emploi : les défis et les pistes pour entrer dans le XXIe siècle : livre blanc, partie C = Crescita, competitività, occupazione : le sfide e le vie da percorrere per entrare nel XXI secolo : libro bianco, parte C = Groel, concurrentievermogen, werkgelegenheid : naar de 21e eeuw : wegen en uitdagingen : witboek, deel C. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities = Office des publications officielles des Communautés européennes, 1993.

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Commission of the European Communities., a cura di. Growth, competitiveness, employment: The challenges and ways forward into the 21st century : white paper. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1994.

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Harbulot, Christian. La main invisible des puissances. Paris: Ellipses, 2005.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Conditions de concurrence"

Martin, Georges, e Marc Van Turenhoudt. "La Concurrence dans le Domaine des Valeurs Mobilières". In Financial Institutions in Europe under New Competitive Conditions, 203–19. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1986-0_16.

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Goltz, Ursula. "On Condition/Event Representations of Place/Transition Systems". In Concurrency and Nets, 217–31. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72822-8_15.

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James, Jerry, e Ambuj Singh. "The impact of hardware models on shared memory consistency conditions". In CONCUR '96: Concurrency Theory, 719–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-61604-7_86.

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Schneider, Fred B. "Semaphores, Locks, and Conditional Critical Regions". In On Concurrent Programming, 337–76. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1830-2_10.

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Meseguer, José. "Conditional rewriting logic: Deduction, models and concurrency". In Conditional and Typed Rewriting Systems, 64–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-54317-1_81.

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Danos, Vincent, Josée Desharnais e Prakash Panangaden. "Conditional Expectation and the Approximation of Labelled Markov Processes". In CONCUR 2003 - Concurrency Theory, 477–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-45187-7_31.

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Segala, Roberto, e Andrea Turrini. "Conditional Automata: A Tool for Safe Removal of Negligible Events". In CONCUR 2010 - Concurrency Theory, 539–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15375-4_37.

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Ammar, Randa, Moncef Hammadi, Jean-Yves Choley, Maher Barkallah, Jamel Louati e Mohamed Haddar. "The Design and Modeling of an Optimized Mechatronic System Using a Set Based Concurrent Engineering". In Applied Condition Monitoring, 111–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94616-0_11.

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Aida, Hitoshi, Joseph Goguen e José Meseguer. "Compiling concurrent rewriting onto the Rewrite Rule Machine". In Conditional and Typed Rewriting Systems, 319–32. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-54317-1_101.

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Barylska, Kamila, Eike Best, Evgeny Erofeev, Łukasz Mikulski e Marcin Piątkowski. "Conditions for Petri Net Solvable Binary Words". In Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XI, 137–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53401-4_7.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Conditions de concurrence"

Mortimer, Bruce, Jon French, Angus Rupert, Chris Dailey, Barbara Chaparro, Daniel Graff, Shelby Loftis e Makaila Olson. "Pilot Flight Simulator Performance Under Distraction and Vibrotactile Situation Awareness". In Vertical Flight Society 80th Annual Forum & Technology Display, 1–5. The Vertical Flight Society, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0080-2024-1343.

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Maintenance of spatial orientation (SO) is achieved primarily through visual information where the horizon and celestial reference cues or flight instruments are used by pilots to infer aircraft orientation. However, cross checking the instruments in degraded visual environments can be complicated by factors such as workload, distraction, and situations where the vestibular and proprioceptive systems may provide false and competing orientation information. We describe experiments measuring pilot performance using a flight simulator under challenging conditions where the sensory information was controlled. Reducing available visual instruments increased the task difficulty. A wearable vibrotactile array could provide concurrent, additional orientation information. Increasing the flying task segment difficulty increased the perceived workload and also corresponded to an increase in accidents. Adding tactile orientation information reduced the accident rate.

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Chee, S. B., Ammar Al Shalabi, C. W. Chin e B. F. Yousif. "On the Effect of Roller Materials on the Power Window Mechanism From a Tribological Perspective". In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-66112.

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This study serves to delineate the effects of material on the lifespan of a polymeric roller rubbing against a steel wire. Four materials, namely nylon, polyester, borosilicate glass and epoxy are the manipulated variables in conducting a simulation with a steel wire. A block-on-ring machine was used to conduct the tribo-experiments under dry contact condition. In concurrence with average operating conditions, the machine was set to 0.15 m/s sliding velocity, at an applied load of 10 N. Worn surfaces of the polymer were subsequently studied under optical microscopy. Frictional and wear resistance results were presented versus time for a predetermined duration. There is a strong correlation between the wear resistance and material hardness but the contrary is found with elongation at break. Findings revealed better wear resistance in epoxy due to its higher hardness. The improvement attained with reference to nylon was approximately 68%. The optical images of worn surfaces which sustained scratches and grooves implied that the contact mechanism was that of abrasion.

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Al-Sood, Maher M. Abou, Mahmoud A. Ahmed e Yousef M. Abdel-Rahim. "Optimum Compression Ratio Variation of 4-Stroke, Direct Injection Diesel Engine for Optimum Performance". In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-62156.

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A thermodynamic model for simulation the performance of a four-stroke direct-injection (DI) diesel engine is developed. The simulation model includes detailed sub-models for fuel burning rate, combustion products, thermodynamic properties of working fluid, heat transfer, fluid flow, and both soot and NOx formation mechanisms. To validate the model, comparisons between experimental and predicted results for different engines, operating under different conditions were conducted. Comparisons show that there is a good concurrence between measured and predicted values. An optimization analysis is conducted for seeking an optimum variation of compression ratio to achieve pre-set objective target of constant minimum brake specific fuel consumption (bsfc). The optimization analysis is performed under the constrain that the maximum pressure and temperature inside the cylinder not exceed the maximum allowable pressure and temperature of the conventional engine (constant rc). Varying compression ratio is optimized with the previous condition. Results indicated that, at the values of rc ranged between 16.4 and 17.8, the optimum bsfc is attained with an increase in brake power by about 3.8%, while the bsfc and soot emission are reduced by about 4.4% and 21%, respectively. In addition to an increase in NOx, maximum pressure (pmax), and maximum temperature (Tmax) by about 75%, 6% and 4.3%, respectively.

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Sayed, Khairy, Mazen Abdel-Salam, Mahmoud Ahmed e Adel A. Ahmed. "Electro-Thermal Modeling of Solar Photovoltaic Arrays". In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-62541.

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The objective of the present work is to develop a dynamic electro-thermal model for photovoltaic cells to optimize both electrical and thermal performance of such systems. The thermal model is developed by generating the equivalent RC network (resistance-capacitance) parameters. Then, the thermal model is combined with electrical model and implemented by PSIM simulation program to evaluate performance parameters for any predefined operating condition. The electro-thermal model predicts instantaneous temperature of photovoltaic device at the actual circuit working conditions. Consequently, the temperature rise during the system startup and during load transient is investigated. The thermal model predicts the junction temperature based on transient heat dissipation calculated from the electrical model. The calculated junction temperature is used as an input to the electrical model. The factors that control the junction temperature are module reaching irradiance, optical properties of the photovoltaic cell, photovoltaic conversion efficiency, heat transfer and electrical characteristic of the load. If the junction temperature exceeds a certain limit, it causes hotspot on the photovoltaic module surface. Consequently, the formed hotspots result in reducing the system efficiency and life time. The predicted dynamic behavior of photovoltaic cell is compared with theoretical predictions and other reported data in order to validate the developed model. The obtained results show a good concurrence with the predictions of other works. Detailed comparisons between predicted and measured results are reported and discussed.

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Maillon, Rémi, Pinaki Ghosh e Clayton Wilson. "Predicting EOR Polymer Viscosity with Varying Molecular Weight and Chemistry Using Machine Learning". In ADIPEC. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/216592-ms.

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Abstract Polyacrylamide polymer flooding is an established EOR technique to reduce the water/oil mobility ratio and improve sweep efficiency. Polyacrylamide polymers are non-Newtonian fluids whose viscosity depends significantly on shear rate in addition to several other parameters, such as brine salinity and hardness, temperature, polymer concentration, chemical composition, and molecular weight. Each oil reservoir has unique brine compositions, expected shear, and temperature conditions. Estimating the polymer solution's in situ viscosity under these conditions can be quite challenging, requiring expensive and time-consuming rheological lab experiments. Machine learning has recently gained popularity and has been applied successfully in many sectors, including the oil & gas industry, to develop predictive models and forecasting tools. With more than 30 years of experience in polymer EOR projects globally, SNF has compiled a large rheological dataset, including approximately 75,000 lab experiments measuring the viscosity of its synthetic polymers under different reservoir conditions. In this study, different machine learning algorithms have been tested on SNF's rheological dataset to predict polymer viscosity for any given polymer type and concentration under certain reservoir conditions. The best results were achieved using a Random Forest algorithm, the results of which have been presented here. The model predictions are based on the following eight input features: active polymer concentration, shear rates, brine total dissolved solids (TDS), hardness, temperature, polymer molecular weight, and chemistry (ATBS percentage and Acrylamide percentage). Based on preliminary investigations, the results obtained are promising, with an R-Squared regression score of 89.6 % and a mean absolute percentage error of 35.8%. The model's results have helped SNF better understand the impact of these different parameters on polymer viscosity and can be used for improved quality control of lab measurements generated across the globe. This tool aims to aid product development by providing in silico data in concurrence with in situ experiments, driving a robust development process.

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Waldhelm, Chris, e Peter Baron. "Design Features of Gas Turbine Systems Applied to Floating Production Storage and Off-Loading (FPSO) Vessels". In ASME 1998 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/98-gt-330.

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Application of gas turbines in the off-shore oil and gas market has been successful for many years, utilizing both industrial gas turbines, as well as, aeroderivative types. Today, many operators in this market are pursuing the use of converted oil tankers and purpose-built barges — called Floating Production Storage and Off-Loading vessels (FPSO) — and semi-submersible or tension-leg platforms as alternative means of drilling for and production of oil and gas in much deeper waters than before, gaining flexibility of operation and reduced overall costs. Due to the special requirements of extreme conditions experienced on board a FPSO vessel, each application involves a considerable amount of pre-design to determine the gas turbine package required capability to satisfy needed reliability. Additionally, international and local maritime regulatory bodies and classification societies concurrence/approval generally are required to authorize vessel operation. The intent of the “Code of Construction and Equipment of Offshore Drilling Units” is to recommend design criteria, construction standards, and other safety measures in order to minimize risk to the vessels, platforms, personnel and to the environment. To incorporate these requirements into a standardized cost effective gas turbine system, this paper outlines the design features of such a package for installation on FPSO vessels.

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Bhavnani, Dilip. "Identification and Resolution of Piping Analysis Activities for Extended Power Uprates at Nuclear Plants". In ASME 2002 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2002-1244.

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Recent experience has shown that many utilities have installed new feedwater flow measurement instrumentation, which is designed with new, proven technology that more accurately monitors feedwater flow and therefore, allows for improved thermal power level calculations. As a result of this new approach, many utilities have been able to extend limited power upgrades to the tune of 1.4%, and yet with no noticeable additional environmental impact. These electric power increases are generally attributable to the large design margins included in the original nuclear power plant designs and in addition, to the technological advances that have been made to the nuclear industry. Power increases are now carried out by several nuclear utilities in the United States with the NRC’s concurrence. Current nuclear power plants are providing cheap, reliable and affordable electricity to help meet current energy growing demands. As a result of this, power uprate increases are encouraged. Current economic conditions strongly favor power uprates and plant life extensions. In the early 1990s, a limited power uprate program was initiated, but due to complex design reviews, this was not steadfastedly recommended during this time period. Nuclear Steam Supply Systems (NSSS) vendors performed a key role in this nuclear power uprate program. This paper discusses structural and piping qualification review required to achieve these power uprate programs, currently being performed by nuclear utilities in the United States.

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Schäfer, René. "Impact of ACIP Pile Drilling Technique on Subsurface Soil Density". In The 13th Baltic Sea Region Geotechnical Conference. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13bsgc.2016.005.

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For the foundation of an industrial complex, auger-cast-in-place piles (ACIP-Piles) have been installed on behalf of the recommendation of a local geotechnical consultant. With respect to the poorly graded sand deposits and the high ground water table, the installation was critically reviewed with respect to the European Code DIN EN 1536. In the course of the installation process of a couple of working piles, extensive soil was drilled by the auger, which led to a loss of soil mass in the vicinity of the pile shafts. A detailed engineering analysis came to the conclusion, that the reasons of the damage can be attributed to a concurrence of the subsurface soil conditions, the chosen drilling technique, the choice of the contractor as well as the workmanship. However, a distinct soil loosening could also be measured by a plenty of cone penetration tests in the vicinity of those working piles, which have apparently been installed properly. Surprisingly, the compact sand layers were much more affected by the installation process than the loose deposits. These findings lead to the conclusion, that the installation process of ACIP piles has to be critically evaluated during the construction process and may become a decisive design influence in the case of a pile design by empirical pile capacity magnitudes.

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Nazari, Siamak, e John Thistle. "Structural Conditions for Model-checking of Parameterized Networks". In 2007 7th International Conference on Application of Concurrency to System Design. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acsd.2007.32.

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Mokhov, Andrey, e Alex Yakovlev. "Verification of conditional partial order graphs". In 2008 8th International Conference on Application of Concurrency to System Design. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acsd.2008.4574604.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Conditions de concurrence"

Li, Yinhua, Wanting Lan e Xiaohui Hou. The effectiveness of physical activities on children with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, aprile 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0034.

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Review question / Objective: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of different physical activity interventions and to determine which physical activity interventions are most effective for children with autism spectrum disorder. Condition being studied: Autism is a set of heterogeneous neurodevelopmental conditions, characterized by early-onset difficulties in social communication and unusually restricted, repetitive behavior and interests. Autism affects more male than female individuals, and comorbidity is common (>70% have concurrent conditions). Exercise has increasingly emerged as one of the promising compensation methods that can positively affect autistic symptoms. The positive effects of various physical activity interventions have been reported, but it is unclear which interventions are most effective at improving symptoms of autism.

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Gupta, Tejpal, Riddhijyoti Talukdar, Sadhana Kannan, Archya Dasgupta, Abhishek Chatterjee e Vijay Patil. Meta-Analysis of Standard Temozolomide versus Extended Adjuvant Temozolomide following concurrent Radiochemotherapy in newly-diagnosed Glioblastoma (MASTER-G). INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, dicembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.12.0114.

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Review question / Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of extended adjuvant temozolomide compared to standard adjuvant temozolomide after concurrent radiochemotherapy in patients with newly-diagnosed glioblastoma. Condition being studied: Newly-diagnosed glioblastoma. Eligibility criteria: Prospective clinical trials randomly assigning patients to extended (>6-cycles) adjuvant TMZ (experimental arm) or standard (6-cycles) adjuvant TMZ will be included. Randomization in an individual study may have been done upfront before concurrent phase (RT/TMZ), after completion of concurrent RT/TMZ and before starting adjuvant phase, or after completion of standard adjuvant TMZ (6-cycles). Emulated RCTs, quasi-randomized trials, propensity matched analyses, non-randomized comparative studies, or observational studies will not be considered in this review.

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Liu, Chunyan, Yujia Chen, Rui Rao, Yihui Chai, Yunzhi Chen e Wen Li. Association of metformin use with asthma development and adverse outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, aprile 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.4.0005.

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Review question / Objective: 1 Whether metformin can reduce the incidence of asthma in patients with T2D. 2 Whether T2D patients with concurrent asthma can safely use metformin to reduce adverse outcomes. Condition being studied: Recent epidemiological studies suggest that metformin, the first-line medication used for T2D patients, may reduce the risk of asthma exacerbations. Therefore, this article aims to explore two research questions: first, whether metformin can reduce the incidence of asthma in patients with T2D, and second, whether T2D patients with concurrent asthma can safely use metformin to reduce adverse outcomes. This study may shed light on the efficacy of metformin as an adjunct therapy for asthma care in patients with co-morbid T2D.

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Deng, Jianhao, jiaxing Zhang, QingXia Zhang e Guowei Zhong. Serotonin syndrome with dextromethorphan alone and in combination with other serotonergic drugs. a systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, maggio 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.5.0079.

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Review question / Objective: To assess the evidence for serotonin syndrome occurring in the context of dextromethorphan administration. To assess concurrent medication to see if there are associations with 1) other serotonergic medication. Condition being studied: It is uncertain whether use of dextromethorphan alone or in therapeutic doses can cause Serotonin syndrome (SS). Also, SS by dextromethorphan has not previously been systematically reviewed. Therefore, the main aim is to present a systematic review and summary of these studies.

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Yip, Eugene, e Gerald Lüttgen. Heterogeneous Specification of Spacecraft Software. Otto-Friedrich-Universität, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.20378/irb-97634.

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The operational behaviour of a reactive system is commonly specified or modelled as concurrent state machines, where each machine models the possible states or modes of a software component and its interactions with the environment. However, state machines can quickly become verbose when execution constraints between concurrent states need to be modelled. Alternatively, constraints could be modelled declaratively as special edges between states. Such a heterogeneous modelling approach is employed by Virtual Satellite (VirSat), a model-based systems engineering tool from the German Aerospace Center (DLR). The challenge has been to develop a heterogeneous modelling framework that supports an operational and declarative syntax, defines a unified semantics suitable for formal reasoning, and supports the independent and incremental development of software components. We address this challenge with our Component State Machine (CSM) formalism as a means to operationalise VirSat: the operational syntax of VirSat is preserved in CSM, the declarative VirSat constraints are transformed into CSM atomic propositions and parallel conditions, the CSM parallel operator incrementally composes CSMs and resolves the parallel conditions, and design errors are analysed as inconsistent transitions. CSM permits new constraints to be defined without needing to modify the core VirSat semantics. We also propose an intuitive, practical, and mathematically rigorous notion of refinement that aims to encourage a more systematic development of spacecraft software. Lastly, we offer a modular implementation of CSMs as hierarchically scheduled Executable State Machines (ESMs) that remains open to further composition and refinement.

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Berkowitz, Jacob, Gabrielle David e Kyle Gordon. Technical guide for the development, evaluation, and modification of wetland rapid assessment methods for the Corps Regulatory Program. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), aprile 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/46932.

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The US Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) Regulatory Program considers the loss (decrease) and gain (improvement) of wetland functions as part of Clean Water Act Section 404 permitting and compensatory mitigation decisions. To better inform this regulatory decision-making, the Regulatory program needs accurate, transparent, objective, and defensible approaches to assess the function and condition of wetlands. Additionally, wetland assessments must balance the need for objective decision-making with the concurrent need to make Regulatory program decisions in a timely manner. Consequently, it is often necessary to assess wetlands using rapidly attainable proxy measures of ecological function or condition by evaluating a suite of metrics that represent structural and compositional attributes of a wetland. In response, this document describes a set of guidelines to effectively develop, evaluate, and modify wetland assessment methods, specifically for the Corps Regulatory Program.

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McHugh, Power e Randell. L51972 Encroachment Monitoring via Earth Observation Data. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), giugno 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011240.

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The objective of the pipeline encroachment monitoring project was to demonstrate the feasibility of using Earth observation (EO) satellites for early detection of third-party encroachment activities. Examples of encroachment activities include road construction, cable laying, farming, and residential or commercial development. Optical and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images taken from space-borne platforms were evaluated for use in detecting encroachment activities. C-CORE and TransCanada Pipelines Ltd. conducted an encroachment field program near Whitecourt, Alberta. Various encroachment activities, principally involving heavy equipment, were staged and concurrent satellite-based optical (IKONOS) and SAR (RADARSAT) images acquired. These images were then analyzed for signatures of the encroachment events. A total of 22 multispectral and panchromatic IKONOS images and 14 RADARSAT SAR images were acquired. The IKONOS satellite proved to be effective in detecting smaller vehicles (for example, small trucks or Bobcat tractors) in areas that are free from cloud cover. RADARSAT proved effective in the detection of larger vehicles (for example, excavators or dump trucks), linear excavation, deforestation, and the provision of reliable coverage in all weather conditions.

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Neodo, Anna, Fiona Augsburger, Jan Waskowski, Joerg C. Schefold e Thibaud Spinetti. Monocytic HLA-DR expression and clinical outcomes in adult ICU patients with sepsis – a systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, novembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0119.

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Review question / Objective: The scope of this review was defined using PICOTS framework where 1) population: adult critically ill patients with sepsis or septic shock; 2) index prognostic factor: cell surface protein expression of mHLA-DR in blood; 3) comparative factor: none; 4) outcomes to be predicted: mortality, secondary infections, length of stay, and organ dysfunction score (sequential organ failure assessment [SOFA], multiple organ dysfunction score [MODS], logistic organ dysfunction score [LODS]), composite outcomes where component endpoints consist of at least one of the outcomes stated above (e.g., “adverse outcome” defined as death or secondary infection), 5) timing (of the prediction horizon and the moment of prognosis): any; and 6) setting: ICU. Condition being studied: Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to severe infections. It can further progress to septic shock, which includes hemodynamic failure and increased mortality rates. A recent worldwide epidemiological study estimated 48.9 million sepsis cases and 11 million of sepsis-related deaths (~20% of global deaths in 2017). Although its management has advanced considerably, sepsis remains deadly and challenging to treat. The 28/30-day mortality averages around 25% for sepsis and 38% for septic shock in high-income countries. Current models describe the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms of sepsis as an interplay between concurrent dysfunctional pro- and anti-inflammatory immune response.

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Pociask, Geoffrey, Brian Wilm, Kimberly Burkwald, Audra Noyes e Julie Nieset. Results of IDOT Wetland Mitigation Needs Assessment. Illinois Center for Transportation, febbraio 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/24-003.

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The Illinois Department of Transportation is required to provide mitigation for impacts to wetlands and streams under Section 404 of the federal Clean Water Act and the Illinois Interagency Wetlands Policy Act of 1989, regulations that protect the function and integrity of wetland and stream water quality and wildlife habitat. These regulations are enforced by the US Army Corps of Engineers at the federal level and by the Illinois Department of Natural Resources at the state level. Permits are issued on the condition that compensatory mitigation for those impacts will be provided by the permittee prior to or concurrent with a particular project. As a frequent permittee, IDOT faces various challenges in meeting compliance with wetland and stream regulations. If these challenges are not met on schedule, construction projects may be delayed. The principal challenge is identifying and executing an appropriate approach to obtaining compensatory mitigation credits to offset wetland and stream impacts in advance of projects. Under this principal challenge, there are external factors that involve regulatory agencies and commercial mitigation credit vendors and internal factors that can be addressed through IDOT policy development and implementation. IDOT requested this special project to examine these factors, obtain feedback from other state departments of transportation regarding their compensatory mitigation programs, and to assess overall challenges to providing timely wetland and stream mitigation as well as potential solutions to address these challenges.

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Madu, Laura, Jacqueline Sharp e Bobby Bellflower. Efficacy of Integrating CBT for Mental Health Care into Substance Abuse Treatment in Patients with Comorbid Disorders of Substance Abuse and Mental Illness. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, aprile 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0004.

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Abstract: Multiple studies have found that psychiatric disorders, like mood disorders and substance use disorders, are highly comorbid among adults with either disorder. Integrated treatment refers to the treatment of two or more conditions and the use of multiple therapies such as the combination of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy. Integrated therapy for comorbidity per numerous studies has consistently been superior to the treatment of individual disorders separately. The purpose of this QI project was to identify the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) instead of current treatment as usual for treating Substance Use Disorder (SUD) or mental health diagnosis independently. It is a retrospective chart review. The review examines CBT's efficacy for engaging individuals with co-occurring mood and substance u se disorders in treatment by enhancing adherence and preventing disengagement and relapse. Methods: Forty adults aged 26-55 with a DSM-IV diagnosis of a mood disorder of Major Depressive Disorder and/or anxiety and concurrent substance use disorder (at least weekly use in the past month). Participants received 12 sessions of individual integrated CBT treatment delivered with case management over a 12-week period. Results: The intervention was associated with significant improvements in mood disorder, substance use, and coping skills at 4, 8, and 12 weeks post-treatment. Conclusions: These results provide some evidence for the effectiveness of the integrated CBT intervention in individuals with co-occurring disorders. Of note, all psychotherapies are efficacious; however, it would be more advantageous to develop a standardized CBT that identifies variables that facilitate treatment outcomes specifically to comorbid disorders of substance use and mood disorders. It is concluded that there is potentially more to be gained from further studies using randomized controlled designs to determine its efficacy.

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