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Fillotrani, Pablo, e C. Maria Keet. "Evidence-based lean conceptual data modelling languages". Journal of Computer Science and Technology 21, n. 2 (21 ottobre 2021): e10. http://dx.doi.org/10.24215/16666038.21.e10.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Multiple logic-based reconstructions of conceptual data modelling languages such as EER, UML Class Diagrams, and ORM exist. They mainly cover various fragments of the languages and none are formalised such that the logic applies simultaneously for all three modelling language families as unifying mechanism. This hampers interchangeability, interoperability, and tooling support. In addition, due to the lack of a systematic design process of the logic used for the formalisation, hidden choices permeate the formalisations that have rendered them incompatible. We aim to address these problems, first, by structuring the logic design process in a methodological way. We generalise and extend the DSL design process to apply to logic language design more generally and, in particular, by incorporating an ontological analysis of language features in the process. Second, we specify minimal logic profiles availing of this extended process, including the ontological commitments embedded in the languages, of evidence gathered of language feature usage, and of computational complexity insights from Description Logics (DL). The profiles characterise the essential logic structure needed to handle the semantics of conceptual models, therewith enabling the development of interoperability tools. There is no known DL language that matches exactly the features of thoseprofiles and the common core is small (in the tractable DL ALNI). Although hardly any inconsistencies can be derived with the profiles, it is promising for scalable runtime use of conceptual data models.
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Dignum, F., T. Kemme, W. Kreuzen, H. Weigand e R. P. van de Riet. "Constraint modelling using a conceptual prototyping language". Data & Knowledge Engineering 2, n. 3 (settembre 1987): 213–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-023x(87)90031-0.
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Guizzardi, Giancarlo, e Terry Halpin. "Ontological foundations for conceptual modelling". Applied Ontology 3, n. 1-2 (2008): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ao-2008-0049.
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Nagórka, Piotr. "Conceptual Maps of European Values". International Journal on Language, Literature and Culture in Education 4, n. 1 (1 giugno 2017): 3–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/llce-2017-0001.
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AbstractSystems of human values reflected in European languages have not yet been diagnosed in language sciences, as no accurate diagnostic measures have been proposed. Research has been conducted into methods of modelling conceptual systems of moral values. Since ethics, unlike subjects related to natural sciences, resists lexicographic approach reliant on topicality, linked with market demand, a new research method has been devised. Specialised lexicography tools can be optimized to deal with the subject of ethics. The new method takes into account differences between subject areas regarding their associations with a type of science. Systems of human values can be measured based on prioritizing documents created in European languages according to the degree to which concepts referred to in these documents are fixed. These findings give rise to a cross-historical and cross-cultural linguistic enterprise. Its aim is to identify moral concepts and to connect them into semantic maps. The maps, one per language, are contrasted to find out which moral concepts are ‘shared’ across languages, and which of them are less common, or language specific. The model of ‘common’ values can be seen as an instrument to preserve and promote European moral heritage.
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Bouraoui, Zied, Jose Camacho-Collados, Luis Espinosa-Anke e Steven Schockaert. "Modelling Semantic Categories Using Conceptual Neighborhood". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, n. 05 (3 aprile 2020): 7448–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i05.6241.
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While many methods for learning vector space embeddings have been proposed in the field of Natural Language Processing, these methods typically do not distinguish between categories and individuals. Intuitively, if individuals are represented as vectors, we can think of categories as (soft) regions in the embedding space. Unfortunately, meaningful regions can be difficult to estimate, especially since we often have few examples of individuals that belong to a given category. To address this issue, we rely on the fact that different categories are often highly interdependent. In particular, categories often have conceptual neighbors, which are disjoint from but closely related to the given category (e.g. fruit and vegetable). Our hypothesis is that more accurate category representations can be learned by relying on the assumption that the regions representing such conceptual neighbors should be adjacent in the embedding space. We propose a simple method for identifying conceptual neighbors and then show that incorporating these conceptual neighbors indeed leads to more accurate region based representations.
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Dietz, Gunnar, e Martin Juhrisch. "Negotiating language barriers – a methodology for cross-organisational conceptual modelling". European Journal of Information Systems 21, n. 3 (maggio 2012): 229–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/ejis.2011.30.
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Ureña Gómez-Moreno, Pedro. "La lucha contra el terrorismo y la delincuencia organizada: Una visión desde la lingüística y la ingeniería del conocimiento". Miscelánea: A Journal of English and American Studies 53 (15 dicembre 2016): 107–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/ojs_misc/mj.20166835.
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The aim of Natural Language Processing is to create computational systems for the production and comprehension of language by machines. In this regard, symbolic approaches to language put forth conceptual models which represent both common and specialised knowledge. This paper describes the ontological modelling of the “collective criminal agent” and its implementation in FunGramKB, a knowledge base for language processing and artificial reasoning. More specifically, the study focuses on the conceptual definition of three terminological units from the domains of terrorism and organised crime: cartel, oriented cluster, and terrorist cell. The main assumption is that ontological modelling applied to language technologies can play a major role in combating a variety of security threats to today’s society.
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Christophe, F., R. Sell e E. Coatanéa. "Conceptual design framework supported by dimensional analysis and System Modelling Language". Estonian Journal of Engineering 57, n. 4 (2008): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3176/eng.2008.4.02.
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Andersson, Kjell, Petri Makkonen e Jan-Gunnar Persson. "A Proposal to a Product Modelling Language to Support Conceptual Design". CIRP Annals 44, n. 1 (1995): 129–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-8506(07)62290-2.
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SAAKE, GUNTER, RALF JUNGCLAUS e THORSTEN HARTMANN. "APPLICATION MODELLING IN HETEROGENEOUS ENVIRONMENTS USING AN OBJECT SPECIFICATION LANGUAGE". International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems 02, n. 04 (dicembre 1993): 425–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218215793000198.
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We propose an object-oriented logical formalism to conceptionally model applications in an interoperable environment. Such an environment consists of heterogeneous and autonomous local (database) systems. Applications in such an environment use several resources and services. Their conceptual modelling involves re-specification of existing systems in terms of homogeneous views, modelling of behavior and system dynamics, modelling of logically distributed components in an open environment and the modelling of communication relationships and dependencies between components. We introduce a formal object-oriented language capable of dealing with these requirements and illustrate its use to model applications in an interoperable environment.
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Delfmann, Patrick, Hanns-Alexander Dietrich, Matthias Steinhorst e Jörg Becker. "Comprehensive Tool Support for Enterprise Modeling and Evaluation". International Journal of Information System Modeling and Design 5, n. 3 (luglio 2014): 26–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijismd.2014070102.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Enterprise modelling and evaluating subsequently created models is manifold. Enterprise modelling means capturing an organization's business processes, its organizational structure, its corporate strategy, or its supporting information systems in graphical conceptual models. Evaluating these models means assuring their structural and semantic quality as well as their user group adequacy. Enterprise modelling and model evaluation requires comprehensive tool support. Recently, a number of modelling tools have been proposed each addressing particular aspects of enterprise modelling or model evaluation. For example, meta-modelling tools allow for defining new and altering existing modelling languages. Meta-modelling tools are thus well suited for enterprise modelling as this requires a large number of different modelling languages that may need to be adapted to the particular enterprise. In contrast, some modelling tools provide mechanisms to structurally or semantically evaluate models of a predefined language. However, comprehensive tool support for enterprise modelling and model evaluation is missing up to now. With this paper, the authors aim at closing this research gap by proposing a tool combining meta-modelling capabilities with features to structurally and semantically evaluate models as well as to manage model perspectives. The tool thus covers the entire model lifecycle from defining a problem-suitable modelling language, creating models, configuring them for different user groups, and evaluating them in terms of structure and semantics.
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Tilakaratna, Prabodha, e Jayantha Rajapakse. "Evaluation of the Ontological Completeness and Clarity of Object-Oriented Conceptual Modelling Grammars". Journal of Database Management 28, n. 2 (aprile 2017): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jdm.2017040101.
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Several research studies have concluded that modelling grammars that support the Object-Oriented (OO) methodology focus more on modelling system design and implementation phenomena than real-world phenomena in IS users' domains. Thus, the purpose of this research study was to evaluate the suitability of OO modelling grammars for conceptual modelling. Although the research work focused on one widely used OO modelling grammar—namely, the Unified Modelling Language (UML)—the approach developed can be applied to any OO modelling grammar. The first phase of this research study focused on evaluating all UML constructs and identifying a subset of UML constructs that are capable of representing real-world phenomena in user domains. The second phase was an empirical evaluation of the identified subset of UML constructs. The results of this empirical evaluation suggest that instead of using all UML constructs the subset of UML constructs is better suited for conceptual modelling.
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Kalichkin, V. K., R. A. Koryakin, K. Yu Maksimovich, A. A. Sigitov e R. R. Galimov. "Conceptual model of land agroecological properties". Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science 50, n. 1 (27 marzo 2020): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2020-1-9.
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In order to solve the problem of the land agroecological estimation (natural resources potential) automation and artificial information system development, it is necessary to make the domain knowledge (DK) conceptualization, or conceptual modelling. The unified modelling language (UML) was chosen as a descriptive system. Three abstract objects (class, attribute and relationship) were selected to describe 33 concepts for land plot basic natural characteristics and 13 significant nature process aspects regulating changes of those characteristics. For 6 DK concepts abstract object “class” was chosen, for 27 DK concepts – “attribute”, for 13 nature process aspects – “relationship”. Class “land plot” is a central one interacting with the other 5 classes: “relief”, “agrometeorological resource”, “soil”, “erosion”, “vegetation”. All classes and attributes interdependencies are described by relationship classification of 3 types. The first type is dependency relationship showing on UML diagrams a directed connection between two classes towards the main class, which means that changing the main class properties implies changing the dependant class properties; the second type is association relationship, which is any relationship showing connection characterized by almost any verb of the Russian language; the third type is composition relationship showing connection between composite and its part and is always directed to the composite, where deletion of the composite class implies deletion of all parts. Optimization of the DK conceptual model described by means of UML diagram is a permanent process, thus new classes and concepts can be added to the model throughout the time.
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Woolf, A., B. Lawrence, R. Lowry, K. Kleese van Dam, R. Cramer, M. Gutierrez, S. Kondapalli et al. "Data integration with the Climate Science Modelling Language". Advances in Geosciences 8 (6 giugno 2006): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-8-83-2006.
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Abstract. The Climate Science Modelling Language (CSML) has been developed by the NERC DataGrid (NDG) project as a standards-based data model and XML markup for describing and constructing climate science datasets. It uses conceptual models from emerging standards in GIS to define a number of feature types, and adopts schemas of the Geography Markup Language (GML) where possible for encoding. A prototype deployment of CSML is being trialled across the curated archives of the British Atmospheric and Oceanographic Data Centres. These data include a wide range of data types – both observational and model – and heterogeneous file-based storage systems. CSML provides a semantic abstraction layer for data files, and is exposed through higher level data delivery services. In NDG these will include file instantiation services (for formats of choice) and the web services of the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC).
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Aliyeva, Navruza. "MODERN CONCEPTS OF STUDYING PHRASEOLOGISMS IN THE FRAMEWORK OF FRAME REPRESENTATION AND THEORY OF CONCEPTUAL METAPHOR". CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES 02, n. 12 (1 dicembre 2021): 206–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/philological-crjps-02-12-39.
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In the works of recent years along with pragmatic studies of phraseological units, which are still topical, emerged a confident trend for consideration of the phraseological units from the positions of pragmatic linguistics and cognitive linguistics. This article considers how the structures of linguistic knowledge are presented in human mind and how this mental structures take part in language comprehension and production. Further, frame modelling is analyzed in details, with examples on three languages, as the opportunity of structuring the cognition of meaning of the expressions. Moreover, here is conducted the separate consideration of slots of various frames, their meaning in language and the process of division into subframes; frame notion of metalexeme is also given. On the example of the concept of prominent American linguists is drawn attention to such a feature of phrase as the metaphor, imagery and is stated that metaphor does not extend beyond the sphere of language, but it also covers the sphere of thoughts. After reviewing the carried out works it must be concluded that, phraseology appear in the result of metaphorical transfer, reinterpretation of meaning of free word combinations. In every language the metaphor comes into existence based on the specificities of native speakers’ mindset, which is related to ethnocultural and historical characteristics of country. In the result it is understood that, the majority of reviewed conceptual metaphors are identical in the researched languages. This confirms the fact that, metaphorical mechanism possesses universal nature.
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Awad, Gabriel, e Hernán Darío ÁLVAREZ ZAPATA. "A conceptual framework for the modelling and simulation of social systems". DYNA 87, n. 212 (1 gennaio 2020): 189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v87n212.83266.
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This paper presents a conceptual framework for the modelling and simulation of properties, interactions and processes of social systems based on computational templates using discrete event system specification (DEVS) formalism and OMG Systems Modelling Language (SysML) diagrams. No antecedents of this combination were found in the literature, and so this is one of the contributions of this paper. Additionally, this article explains how the principles and rules of SysML can be applied to the analysis of social systems. An example of the proposed framework based on a basic Agent_Zero model is shown. The conceptual framework was built based on a critical literature review, and included new additional elements to create a complete but simple conceptual framework. The codes for the simulations were written in Python 3.
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Rybola, Zdeněk, e Robert Pergl. "Towards ontoUML for software engineering: Transformation of kinds and subkinds into relational databases". Computer Science and Information Systems 14, n. 3 (2017): 913–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/csis170109035r.
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OntoUML is an ontologically well-founded conceptual modelling language that distinguishes various types of classifiers and relations providing precise meaning to the modelled entities. While Model-Driven Development is a wellestablished approach, OntoUML has been overlooked so far as a conceptual modelling language for the PIM of application data. This paper is an extension of the paper presented at MDASD 2016, where we outlined the transformation of Rigid Sortal Types ? Kinds and Subkinds. In this paper, we discuss the details of various variants of the transformation of these types and the rigid generalization sets. The result of our effort is a complete method for preserving high-level ontological constraints during the transformations, specifically special multiplicities and generalization set meta-properties in a relational database using views, CHECK constraints and triggers.
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Rufai, Saheed Ahmad. "MODELLING DOMINANT LANGUAGE PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICES TO IMMERSE ARABIC LEARNERS". Arabiyat : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab dan Kebahasaaraban 8, n. 1 (30 giugno 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/a.v8i1.20689.
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The achievements of language pedagogical models have been studied through the use of input-output models. While teaching and learning programmes are the input, learners’ achievements are the output. However, some specific models have been found to be more effective and evaluated more than others. It is noted that of all the components of language pedagogical models, the specific language learning strategies employed have received less attention. This study evaluates four dominant language pedagogical models namely the Alliance Francaise Model (for French), the Goethe Institut Model (for German), Instituto Cervantes Model (for Spanish), and the model the European-funded Pan-European Task-based Activities in Language Learning (PETALL) project which is co-funded by the Lifelong Learning Programme of the European Union. Consequently, the strengths identified are reformulated as principles guiding best language pedagogical practices and translated into curriculum conceptual and design framework for a proposed and tentatively tagged, “The Arabic World”. The ultimate purpose wass to replicate some of such successful outcome-based dominant language pedagogical practices in the context of Modern Standard Arabic.
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Matvieieva, Svitlana. "THESAURUS MODELLING OF MODERN LEGAL METALANGUAGE". International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 8, n. 2 (28 maggio 2020): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i2.2020.188.
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The article deals with the problem of creating thesaurus for the English-Ukrainian parallel legal corpus. Such a corpus enables translators and researchers optimize their work with legal texts and their language units – legal terms, choose the best variants for translations, dictionaries, ontologies, etc. The paper describes the problem of a term conceptual structure, it’s functions, and relations within the special legal texts organized in the sentence-aligned corpus. The author of the manuscript demonstrates the main principles of work with the training parallel legal corpus created by the author.
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Andrade, J., J. Ares, R. García, J. Pazos, S. Rodríguez e A. Silva. "Definition of a problem-sensitive conceptual modelling language: foundations and application to software engineering". Information and Software Technology 48, n. 7 (luglio 2006): 517–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2005.05.009.
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YU, ERIC S. K., e JOHN MYLOPOULOS. "FROM E-R TO “A-R” — MODELLING STRATEGIC ACTOR RELATIONSHIPS FOR BUSINESS PROCESS REENGINEERING". International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems 04, n. 02n03 (giugno 1995): 125–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218843095000056.
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As information systems are increasingly expected to work with humans cooperatively in complex organizational contexts, conceptual modelling techniques need to be extended to relate information structures and processes to business and organizational objectives. We propose a framework which focuses on the modelling of strategic actor relationships (“A-R”) for a richer conceptual model of business processes in their organizational settings. Organizations are viewed as being made up of social actors who are intentional — have motivations, wants, and beliefs — and strategic — they evaluate their relationships to each other in terms of opportunities and vulnerabilities. The framework supports formal modelling of the network of dependency relationships among actors, and the systematic exploration and assessment of alternative process designs in reengineering. The semantics of the modelling concepts are axiomatically characterized. By embedding the framework in the Telos language, the framework can also potentially serve as an early-requirements phase tool in a comprehensive information system development environment.
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Horber, D., B. Schleich e S. Wartzack. "CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR (SEMI-) AUTOMATED DERIVATION OF EVALUATION CRITERIA IN REQUIREMENTS MODELLING". Proceedings of the Design Society: DESIGN Conference 1 (maggio 2020): 937–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dsd.2020.52.
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AbstractRequirements act as a limitation of the solution space, which represents the stakeholders’ needs and guides the whole product development process. Therefore, forgotten requirements can lead to wrong decisions when using them as a basis for decision-making. This contribution introduces a novel approach to link the requirement and evaluation criteria models to address this problem. For setting up those criteria consistently, the requirements are classified using natural language processing and derived by a ruleset based on a developed mapping between requirement classes and criteria types.
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Boldyrev, Nikolay N., e Elena V. Fedyaeva. "Cognitive Research Methods in Linguistics: Conceptual-Inferential Analysis". RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics 14, n. 3 (15 ottobre 2023): 686–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2299-2023-14-3-686-703.
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In studying language modern linguistics takes into account the users’ personality and their role as interpreters, arguing that language does not only convey a person’s knowledge of the world in one format or another, but also interprets it in a certain way. The leading role of the anthropocentric factor in linguistic research, as well as focusing on the cognitive and linguistic mechanisms of meaning construction makes the problem be discussed in the study up-to-date and significant one within the framework of the cognitive-discursive paradigm. The authors put forward an idea of conceptualinferential analysis as a new research method which can be effectively applied to language data within the framework of a cognitive study of language. The aim of this article is to substantiate the possibility of using this method in modelling the processes of interpretation and representation of world knowledge in language. The application of the method of conceptual-inferential analysis is illustrated by the example of quantitative interpretation of quality in language as a complex mental processing of quantitative-qualitative relations in the world. Based on the analysis of the linguistic means of the quantity concept representation, the article gives a deeper insight into processes of quantitative interpretation of quality, describes the repertoire of potential inferenced qualitative meanings and demonstrates their dependence on the cognitive context. In addition to the proposed method, the authors also use other research methods and techniques of conceptual analysis and conceptual-definition analysis. The evidence data (12000 examples) is retrieved from the works by modern authors. The integrated application of conceptual-inferential and conceptual-definition analysis methods reveals a high interpretive potential of quantitative meanings in representing quality in language. It also helps identify cognitive mechanisms of the quantitative-qualitative meanings construction, and to detect various types of knowledge available to an individual as an interpreter of quantitative-qualitative relations and their representation in language.
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Chernysh, Valentyna, Svitlana Rubtsova, Nataliia Nykonenko, Natalia Matkovska e Kateryna Melnyk. "Rationale for a Conceptual Model of Teaching English for Special Purposes". Journal of Language Teaching and Research 14, n. 4 (1 luglio 2023): 893–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1404.05.
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Teachers’ professional and personal qualities and the latest information and communication technologies combined with student-centered teaching methods are the prerequisites for effective English language teaching. The study's objective is to design a conceptual model of active English language learning to be implemented in the course of professional training for technical specialists in academic settings. The conceptual model for teaching English for special purposes has been designed based on the descriptive method, scientific literature data analysis, and theoretical modelling technique. The method of expert evaluations was used to identify professionally significant research areas. Specific features of intensive learning technologies, which can be effectively combined in the learning process, have been identified. A modern interpretation of active learning in English as a generalized conceptual model of learning is presented. The established combination of intensive teaching methods and technologies can be used to teach English for Special Purposes at technical universities.
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Ashurova, D. U. "COGNITIVE NATURE OF CONVENTIONAL AND LITERARY METAPHOR: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS". Voprosy Kognitivnoy Lingvistiki, n. 1 (2023): 121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.20916/1812-3228-2023-1-121-136.
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The article is concerned with the cognitive analysis of conventional and literary metaphors, their similar and distinctive features, linguistic and extralinguistic factors determining the specificity of each type. The new findings of the research are: 1. Both types of metaphors have similar cognitive mechanisms including the processes of a) structuring one conceptual domain within the other; b) conceptual integration of the two interconnected conceptual domains; c) modelling the cognitive structure of metaphor on the basis of image representations and propositional schemas; d) activation of associative mechanism of metaphor; e) emerging new conceptual elements; 2. Literary metaphor is different from conventional one in many respects a) it shares many features of the literary discourse such as anthropocentrism, subjectivity, imagery, emotiveness, implicitness, associativity, both textual and non-textual, conceptuality, interpretedness; b) it is consistent with the author’s aesthetic and communicative intentions; c) it is dependent on all types of contexts (linguistic, pragmatic, cognitive, sociocultural); d) represents macro- and megaconcepts of the literary text; f) becomes a significant component of the author’s individual world view; g) assumes the function of conceptual dominant in the literary discourse; i) forms an extensive network of textual and non-textual associations.
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Palinkašević, Radmila. "Učenje engleskog jezika iz perspektive studenata - budućih vaspitača". Inovacije u nastavi 34, n. 2 (2021): 123–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/inovacije2101135p.
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Starting from the hypothesis that an identification and a more detailed study of students' conceptual sphere regarding learning English language will result in mapping the fields in the tertiary-level teaching of English as a foreign language that need improvement, in the academic year 2018/19 we conducted a survey among all undergraduate students at the Preschool Teacher Training College "Mihajlo Palov" in Vršac. A total of 125 respondents filled out an anonymous questionnaire designed to reveal the source domains through which pre-service preschool teachers perceive learning English as a foreign language. A qualitative analysis of the researched corpus made it possible to single out five dominant conceptual metaphors of different source domains for the concept of English language learning. Among the obtained metaphors, special attention was given to selecting the metaphors with a methodological potential for implementation in teaching, as well as to the suggestions for modelling the so-called disruptive metaphors that have a negative effect on the English language acquisition.
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Lelushkina, К. S. "Modelling the language education at multicultural university environment". Professional education in the modern world 13, n. 1 (18 giugno 2023): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.20913/2618-7515-2023-1-13.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Introduction. Subject of the article is relevant due to new educational trends caused by challenges of the time. The authors have repeatedly addressed the problems of communicative asymmetry and concretization of the content of teaching foreign language communication. The importance of the problem demands the necessity of further develop of theoretical and methodological aspects of teaching students foreign language communication in multicultural educational space.Purpose setting. The research is aimed at creating the universal model of teaching foreign spoken language in various spheres of communication. Creating of communication learning model in a multicultural university environment requires solving some conceptual and practical tasks.Methodology and methods of the study. Theoretical and empirical methods were used: comparative analysis of scientific literature on the research problem; generalization of pedagogical experience; diagnostic methods.Results. The result of the research is the development of invariant and variable components of the model of learning foreign language communication. The invariant part of the model includes the definite hierarchy of communicative skills. The author promotes a logically consistent scheme for the development of receptive and concretized expressive skills at each level of communicative competence. The variable part of the model is of vital significance. This is the content of training, which includes linguistic material and speech aids, subject matter, a corpus of diverse texts. The model involves samples of creative tasks in accordance with the stages of development of communicative skills, as well as methodological comments.Conclusion. Analyzing theory and pedagogical experience and actual practices author reveals perspectives of realization of the learning model that provides more flexible process and effective level of foreign language training of future specialists. The materials of research and the author»s learning model represented and by invariant and variable components can be used in the framework of academic work with the students of different directions of training. The results of the study may be applied in modernization of the language education at multicultural university.
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Adrian, Florea, Mironescu Ion, Crăciunean Daniel, Morariu Daniel e Volovici Daniel. "Design Methodology and Tools in Factory of the Future". International Journal of Advanced Statistics and IT&C for Economics and Life Sciences 11, n. 1 (1 dicembre 2021): 3–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ijasitels-2021-0001.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract This paper presents a design method and tool developed to support the skill forming activities in the DigiFoF network (https://www.digifof.eu/). The focus is on training of manufacturing system design skills both as HEI education and vocational training, but preliminary design of new manufacturing systems is also supported (e.g in the development of small business process scenarios). We proposed a model-based methodology for solving of the manufacturing system design problems The methodology and the supporting tool are centred around a less abstract Domain-Specific Modelling Language (DSML). The language is easy to learn due to its few components. A modelling and simulation environment named Digital Production Planner Tool (DPPT) was generated from the metamodel of the DSML. The degree of abstraction used by this tool corresponds well to the intended use in training and preliminary design. Our method incorporates by design the possibility to impose constraints at the modelling language level to limit the modelling space to feasible/possible solutions. The resulting tool enforces these constraints in the use and supports the development of feasible designs even by inexperienced designers. The access to the conceptual model allows the translation of the model to other modelling language like Petri net. This extends the support for the design methodology. The whitepaper presents a use case for the developed method and tool: the design of a chocolate manufacturing line.
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Ashurova, Dilyaram U. "Cognitive Modelling of Fictional Text". Nizhnevartovsk Philological Bulletin 9, n. 1 (27 maggio 2024): 82–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.36906/2500-1795/24-1/07.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article is concerned with the problem of cognitive modeling forming the basis of fictional text interpretation. The novelty of the research is conditioned by a) the topicality of the interdisciplinary approach to the analysis of linguistic phenomena; b) the necessity of in-depth study of the problem of fictional text perception and interpretation; c) the insufficient development of the problem of cognitive text interpretation. The article is aimed to define the process of cognitive modeling and develop the algorithm of its implementation. The research is done on the material of the English language. The main methods are conceptual analysis and cognitive modeling at the certain stages of which stylistic and propositional analysis are used. As a result of the research the conclusions about a) the specificity of literary concepts and the conceptosphere of a fictional text; b) the typology of literary concepts according to the criteria of conceptual significance, linguistic representations and reference correlations; c) the expediency of applying the method of cognitive modeling to text interpretation. literary concept having common cognitive mechanisms with other types of concepts, nevertheless is characterized by its own specific features: a) relativeness with the conceptual information of the fictional text; b) the reflection of stylistic categories: c) axiological significance; d) the dynamic status; d) contextual determinism. According to the developed criteria for typology literary concepts are classified into three groups: 1) mega-, macro-, miniconcepts; 2) explicit (lexical, phraseological, syntactical, etc.) and implicit; 3) thematic literary linguoconcepts are subdivided into concrete and abstract. The linguistic representations of literary linguoconcepts are specified by a frequent usage of stylistic means, actualizing the most significant for fiction imagery, emotive and axiological components of the concept. A multi-step procedure of fictional text cognitive modeling including a certain sequence of the interpreter’s actions aimed at conceptualization and interpretation of the information about the author’s imaginary world and individual world picture has been developed.
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Mohd Saad, Mohd Rashid, Simah Mamat, Riyan Hidayat e Abdul Jalil Othman. "Integrating Technology-Based Instruction and Mathematical Modelling for STEAM-Based Language Learning: A Sociocultural and Self-Determination Theory Perspective". International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM) 17, n. 14 (1 agosto 2023): 55–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v17i14.39477.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper presents a conceptual framework that combines technology-based instruction and mathematical modeling in a STEAM-oriented approach to enhance the English language acquisition of Malaysian students. The proposed framework consists of a six-month English as a Foreign Language program that integrates technology and mathematical simulation in a STEAM-oriented methodology. The exercises are designed to enhance linguistic competence, with a focus on improving listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills. The framework aims to foster a positive learning environment that encourages self-determination and promotes sociocultural interaction. The integration of technology-enabled instruction and mathematical modeling offers a viable strategy for enhancing the language competency of non-native English speakers. However, further research and empirical analysis are necessary to evaluate the impact of this framework on academic performance. Despite this limitation, the proposed framework offers a promising approach to address the challenges faced by less proficient Malaysian students in acquiring English language skills. In conclusion, this paper presents a conceptual framework that integrates technology-based instruction and mathematical modeling in a STEAM-oriented approach to enhance the English language acquisition of less proficient Malaysian students. The framework is grounded in sociocultural and self-determination theoretical perspectives and aims to create a positive learning environment that promotes linguistic competence.
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Mastora, Anna, Manolis Peponakis e Sarantos Kapidakis. "SKOS concepts and natural language concepts: An analysis of latent relationships in KOSs". Journal of Information Science 43, n. 4 (1 maggio 2016): 492–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165551516648108.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The vehicle to represent Knowledge Organisation Systems (KOSs) in the environment of the Semantic Web and linked data is the Simple Knowledge Organisation System (SKOS). SKOS provides a way to assign a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) to each concept, and this URI functions as a surrogate for the concept. This fact makes of main concern the need to clarify the URIs’ ontological meaning. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the ontological substance of KOS concepts and concepts revealed through the grammatical and syntactic formalisms of natural language. For this purpose, we examined the dividableness of concepts in specific KOSs (i.e. a thesaurus, a subject headings system and a classification scheme) by applying Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques (i.e. morphosyntactic analysis) to the lexical representations (i.e. RDF literals) of SKOS concepts. The results of the comparative analysis reveal that, despite the use of multi-word units, thesauri tend to represent concepts in a way that can hardly be further divided conceptually, while subject headings and classification schemes – to a certain extent – comprise terms that can be decomposed into more conceptual constituents. Consequently, SKOS concepts deriving from thesauri are more likely to represent atomic conceptual units and thus be more appropriate tools for inference and reasoning. Since identifiers represent the meaning of a concept, complex concepts are neither the most appropriate nor the most efficient way of modelling a KOS for the Semantic Web.
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Šuman, Sabrina, Alen Jakupović e Francesca Gržinić Kuljanac. "Knowledge-Based Systems for Data Modelling". International Journal of Enterprise Information Systems 12, n. 2 (aprile 2016): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijeis.2016040101.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Data modelling is a complex process that depends on the knowledge and experience of the designers who carry it out. The quality of created models has a significant impact on the quality of successive phases of information systems development. This paper, in short, reviews the data modelling process, the entity-relationship method (ERM) and actors in the data modelling process. Further, in more detail it presents systems, methods, and tools for the data modelling process and identifies problems that occur during the development phase of an information system. These problems also represent the authors' motivation for conducting research that aims to develop a knowledge-based system (KBS) in order to support the data modelling process by applying formal language theory (particularly translation) during the process of conceptual modelling. The paper describes the main identified characteristics of the authors' new KB system that are derived from the analysis of existing systems, methods, and tools for the data modelling process. This represents the focus of the research.
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Šuman, Sabrina, Sanja Čandrlić e Alen Jakupović. "A Corpus-Based Sentence Classifier for Entity–Relationship Modelling". Electronics 11, n. 6 (11 marzo 2022): 889. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11060889.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Automated creation of a conceptual data model based on user requirements expressed in the textual form of a natural language is a challenging research area. The complexity of natural language requires deep insight into the semantics buried in words, expressions, and string patterns. For the purpose of natural language processing, we created a corpus of business descriptions and an adherent lexicon containing all the words in the corpus. Thus, it was possible to define rules for the automatic translation of business descriptions into the entity–relationship (ER) data model. However, since the translation rules could not always lead to accurate translations, we created an additional classification process layer—a classifier which assigns to each input sentence some of the defined ER method classes. The classifier represents a formalized knowledge of the four data modelling experts. This rule-based classification process is based on the extraction of ER information from a given sentence. After the detailed description, the classification process itself was evaluated and tested using the standard multiclass performance measures: recall, precision and accuracy. The accuracy in the learning phase was 96.77% and in the testing phase 95.79%.
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Entringer, Tulio Cremonini, e Ailton Da Silva Ferreira. "A reference model in BPMN for conceptual modelling of master planning schedule". Independent Journal of Management & Production 11, n. 2 (1 aprile 2020): 394. http://dx.doi.org/10.14807/ijmp.v11i2.1067.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Companies are progressively investing in practices aimed at improving the quality of management, with the main purpose of enabling them to operate competitively in the present market. For this, it is necessary to document the activities and information of the existing business processes in the organization, aiming at reducing time and cost in the elaboration of the particular model. In this context, the objective of this work is to develop a reference model of the Master Production Schedule (MPS) processes, an important module of production planning and control (PPC). The research methodology used in this work was divided into the following stages: study of MPS and business process modeling, definition of reference model processes, choice of methodology and process modeling tool, development of reference model and prototype of the software and, finally, analysis of results. The modeling notation used was the BPMN, since it is considered a standard language in the field of process modeling. The prototype was developed through the Delphi interface in order to apply the model to support the implementation of business management programs. As results, from a formal documentation, the model proved to be a useful mechanism in the understanding of the processes raised and appropriate in the support to the implantation of production management tools.
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BONTCHEVA, KALINA, e VANIA DIMITROVA. "EXAMINING THE USE OF CONCEPTUAL GRAPHS IN ADAPTIVE WEB-BASED SYSTEMS THAT AID TERMINOLOGY LEARNING". International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 13, n. 02 (giugno 2004): 299–331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213004001569.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper discussed the use of Conceptual Graphs (CGs) for implementing tasks employed in web-based educational systems that aid terminology learning. Specifically, we focus on two critical issues in intelligent tutoring - student diagnosis and generation of adaptive explanations. Both tasks are demonstrated in terminological domains where learners have to familiarize themselves with concepts in a specific subject area (e.g. computing, finance, chemistry). Based on CG reasoning, robust and computationally tractable algorithms for student modelling and adaptive explanation generation are defined. Two intelligent systems are presented — STyLE-OLM and HYLITE+. STyLE-OLM is an interactive learner modelling system that extracts extended models of the learners' cognition. HYLITE+ is a natural language generation system that generates adaptive Web pages based on a learner model(LM). The two systems are complementary and have been implemented separately. However, considered together they cover most of the key tasks in adaptive web-based educational hypermedia that aid learning technical terminology. Based on evaluative studies of STyLE-OLM and HYLITE+, the use of CGs for interactive open student modelling and adaptive concept explanations is examined. The applicability of CGs in adaptive web-based systems that aid learning technical terminology is discussed.
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Fortescue, Michael. "A neural network approach to compositionality and co-compositionality". Words and their meaning: A deep delve from surface distribution intounderlying neural representation 5, n. 2 (10 dicembre 2010): 180–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ml.5.2.03for.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The issue of compositionality is applied to the modelling of the mental lexicon in terms of neural networks as described in Fortescue (2009). The approach is illustrated by applying it to the analysis of a semantically complex verb, conquer, illustrating the need to draw upon top-down (social, stylistic) as well as bottom-up (sensory) affordances in modelling such lexical items. Thereafter, a collocation that requires the mutual adjustment of the semantics of its individual components is analysed. Finally, adjectives of temperature crucially involving “limbic” affordances are treated. In all instances, the relevance of universal conceptual “primitives” to the processes of paraphrase and (co)composition will be seen to be highly restricted.
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Ignatkina, Anastasia. "Frame Modeling Method in Teaching and Learning Legal Terminology". Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 53, n. 1 (1 marzo 2018): 81–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/slgr-2018-0005.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Law is known to exist only being articulated in a language and discourse, and the students’ ability to comprehend and use its meta-language is one of the main goals for English for Legal Purposes (ELP) teaching. The knowledge of terminology enables students to fit new information (linguistic, disciplinary, factual, cultural, etc.) into the framework of the legal system they are studying. The acquisition of terminology in a foreign language implies knowledge of both conceptual content and the means of its verbalization. This article argues for a cognitive approach to teaching Legal English, and frame modelling as an effective method of teaching and learning legal terminology. The heterogeneous structure of legal concepts (a permanent core and dynamic periphery) suggests the possibility of framing their verbal representations. From this perspective, legal terminology is viewed as a frame structure. Depending on the instructional objective, frame modelling may be circumscribed around a specific concept or frame level.
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Samigullina, Liliya Z., e Elina F. Samigullina. "Oil and gas business specialists’ professional discourse structure and functions study". SHS Web of Conferences 50 (2018): 01221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185001221.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article deals with professional discourse which is defined as a speech in the aspect of the event, permeated with extralinguistic, sociocultural, psychological, professional and other factors, as a verbal communication aimed at theoretical and practical business problems solution and requiring special training and experience in a definite sphere of activity. The situation in professional discourse is a kind of professional knowledge presentation depending on the participants’ personal experience. The structure and the main functions of professional discourse are revealed. The fixed and stereotyped character of any professional activity gives a solid ground for professional domains conceptual linguistic modelling, viewed as a base for languages for specific purposes ideographic description. The linguistic modelling can be carried out within the framework of cognitive spheres I. “Nature”. II. “Man”. III. “Society”. IV. “Cognition (a priori)”. The developed professional discourse description model could serve both the needs of the anthropological theory of language and the need to improve the practice of professional communication in different fields.
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Володимир Хома. "КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНА МЕТАФОРА ЯК ЗАСІБ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ КОНЦЕПТУ SELF-ALIENATION / САМОВІДЧУЖЕННЯ В АНГЛОМОВНОМУ НАУКОВО-ФАНТАСТИЧНОМУ ДИСКУРСІ". World Science 3, n. 1(53) (31 gennaio 2020): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_ws/31012020/6908.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article deals with the investigation of conceptual metaphors as a means of realizing SELF-ALIENATION concept in the English science fiction. The study is based on the conceptual metaphor theory which states that metaphors incorporate thought, language and speech (Lakoff &Johnson, 2003). Conceptual metaphor modelling appears to be productive to analyze the structure of metaphors, since it is based on the interrelation between source and target domains and their mapping. SELF-ALIENATION concept is characterized by the range of conceptual metaphor models, among which SELF IS CONTAINER, SELF IS DISCLOSURE, SELF IS LIQUID and SELF IS DIGITAL UNIT are most frequently used in the English science fiction. SELF IS CONTAINER model is represented by the lexemes ‘personality’, ‘body’, ‘identity’ and ‘individuality’ which best represent the essence of the SELF-ALIENATION concept revealing implicit author’s intentions.
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Golechkova, Tatiana. "Lexical Representation of Knowledge about a Human Being in English". Journal of Language and Education 1, n. 3 (1 settembre 2015): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/2411-7390-2015-1-3-33-38.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper presents the research in the sphere of lexical representation. On the premise that word meaning offers insights into conceptual knowledge stored in the mind, we have analyzed the semantics of the set of synonyms denoting a human being without reference to gender, age, occupation or peculiarities of personality and without any evaluation of the referent. These lexical items are person, individual, human being, and one of the meanings of man and personality. Use of etymological, dictionary, derivational, collocation, context analysis and conceptual modelling enabled us to build a list of conceptual components that comprise the knowledge about a human being represented in the English language. To date, the conceptual models used to visualize knowledge do not seem applicable to visualizing knowledge about a human being; therefore, we could only formulate the main features that are characteristic of this knowledge in the English world-view.
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Annisa Tri Hidayati, Aditya Eka Widyantoro e Hertas Jelang Ramadhani. "Perancangan Sistem Informasi Wirausaha Mahasiswa (Siwirma) Berbasis Web dengan Unified Modelling Languange (UML)". Jurnal Penelitian Rumpun Ilmu Teknik 2, n. 4 (21 novembre 2023): 86–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.55606/juprit.v2i4.2906.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The construction or development of an information system or application cannot be separated from the system design process. The system design process is one part or stage of system development. The software development process (software) models and methodologies for software development are called the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). There are several SDLC models that can be used, one of which is the waterfall model. The waterfall model has the advantage of engineering practicality, which can ensure the quality of the software being built is maintained, the stages are complete so that the software maintenance process is easier to carry out, it has a logical structure, conceptual errors can be avoided, technical documentation is complete, system development progress can be monitored, and estimates of total costs are relatively accurate. The resulting system design also needs to be documented, for example, using Unified Modeling Language (UML). UML makes it easy to develop systems or software. With UML, developers can find out the system flow that users expect. Based on the advantages of the UML model, in designing the Student Entrepreneurial Information System (Siwirma) that will be built or developed, the conceptual design process uses the UML model.
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Jetlund, K. "A STRUCTURE OF UML PROFILES FOR MODELLING OF GEOSPATIAL INFORMATION IN GIS, ITS AND BIM". ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences VI-4/W1-2020 (3 settembre 2020): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-vi-4-w1-2020-101-2020.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract. This study aims to improve the interoperability between models of geospatial information from the applications domains of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) and Building Information Models (BIM). A state-of-the-art analysis showed that the Unified Modelling Language (UML) and Model-Driven Architecture (MDA) are used for modelling information in a geospatial context in all three domains, but with different approaches and levels of formality. A structure of formal UML profiles for modelling of geospatial information in GIS, ITS and BIM is suggested and tested for implementation. The Core Geospatial Profile (GCP) and general encoding profiles for the Geography Markup Language (GML) and the Web Ontology Language (OWL) are based on adapted concepts from ISO/TC 211 standards. Community specific profiles for conceptual models and encodings are based on UML profiles and the use of UML for specific information models in the three application domains. The studies and related research showed that the structure of UML profiles could be implemented and used for information modelling in the UML software Enterprise Architect and that existing profiles and information models could be adapted into the framework. Integration of information models in a common approach based on MDA and UML establishes a fundament for improved interoperability through a shared understanding of the digital representation of the real world.
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Evtyugina, Alla, Aizhanna Zhuminova, Elena Grishina, Irina Kondyurina e Marina Sturikova. "Cognitive-Conceptual Model for Developing Foreign Language Communicative Competence in Non-Linguistic University Students". International Journal of Cognitive Research in Science, Engineering and Education 8, Special issue (21 dicembre 2020): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/2334-8496-2020-8-si-69-77.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study is devoted to the foreign language communicative competence development among non-linguistic universities under-graduate students. This research covered the issue of foreign language education based on the cognitive-conceptual model for teaching English to non-linguistic university students. As the main research method, pedagogical modelling was chosen. The experiment was conducted at Russian State Vocational Pedagogical University, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, and Ural Institute of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia among 72 undergraduate students. The results of several curriculum-based tests showed that the percentage of correct determination of expressions with the context available increased from 54% to 93.2% in EG1, and from 41.9 to 85.5% in EG2. The overall students’ understanding of lexical units increased by 39.2% and 43.6%, respectively. The ratio of misunderstanding/understanding of speech utterances increased from 15/7 to 6/16, while the proportion of students who do not use/use various interpretation strategies changed from 8/14 to 3/19. The developed cognitive-conceptual methodology effectiveness for teaching foreign language communicative competence was proven. It can be applied to train students of various specialisations at different university degree levels.
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Di Biase-Dyson, Camilla. "The semantics of a parallel reality". Current challenges in metaphor research 13, n. 1 (7 luglio 2023): 81–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/msw.00030.dib.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract This paper considers the use of figurative language when intangible or supernatural phenomena are described in language. The case studies are derived from texts written in Ancient Egyptian, an extinct Afroasiatic language (ca. 3200 bce–1300 ce). It is argued that a MIPVU-based analysis, otherwise very useful for interrogating all kinds of texts, even those from the ancient world, needs to be modified to account for the layers of meaning encountered in texts in which a deity is being described. A more nuanced approach, which considers the scalarity of metaphor and reconsiders the conceptual modelling of metaphorical language in a culturally sensitive way, is proposed. As such, the methods proposed here may be useful for scholars working on metaphor in texts with religious content.
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Khan, Fahad, Javier E. Díaz-Vera, Francisco Javier Minaya Gómez, Rafael Cruz González e Monica Monachini. "Mapping Conceptual Variation through A Thesaurus of Old English and Evoke". Amsterdamer Beiträge zur älteren Germanistik 81, n. 3-4 (26 novembre 2021): 442–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18756719-12340238.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract The topic of figurative language in Old English (OE) has recently become the focus of substantial research. In this article, the authors will describe work on the semantic description of the lexicon of shame words in OE and in particular the taxonomical organisation of this lexicon on the basis of different kinds of semantic mappings (metonymic, metaphorical). Next, they will explore the use of the Evoke platform as a means of visualising and navigating this lexicon and show how it can be used to enrich A Thesaurus of Old English (TOE). The authors also describe ongoing work on the modelling and publication of this data as a linked data resource consisting of a lexicon and a taxonomy in SKOS of different kinds of metaphoric/metonymic sense shifts.
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Burns, Gully A. P. C. "Knowledge management of the neuroscientific literature: the data model and underlying strategy of the NeuroScholar system". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 356, n. 1412 (29 agosto 2001): 1187–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2001.0909.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper describes the underlying strategy and system's design of a knowledge management system for the neuroscientific literature called ‘NeuroScholar’. The problem that the system is designed to address is to delineate fully the neural circuitry involved in a specific behaviour. The use of this system provides experimental neuroscientists with a new method of building computational models (‘knowledge models’) of the contents of the published literature. These models may provide input for analysis (conceptual or computational), or be used as constraint sets for conventional neural modelling work. The underlying problems inherent in this approach, the general framework for the proposed solution, the practical issues concerning usage of the system and a detailed, technical account of the system are described. The author uses a widely used software specification language (the Universal Modelling Language) to describe the design of the system and present examples from published work concerned with classical eyeblink conditioning in the rabbit.
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N. Karanikolas, Nikitas, e Michael Vassilakopoulos. "Comparison of Post-Relational and Object-Relational modelling for real-world database applications". Journal of Systems and Information Technology 16, n. 4 (4 novembre 2014): 313–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsit-05-2014-0034.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to compare the use of two Object-Relational models against the use of a post-Relational model for a realistic application. Although real-world applications, in most cases, can be adequately modeled by the Entity-Relationship (ER) model, the transformation to the popular Relational model alters the representation of structures common in reality, like multi-valued and composite fields. Alternative database models have been developed to overcome these shortcomings. Design/methodology/approach – Based on the ER model of a medical application, this paper compares the information representation, manipulation and enforcement of integrity constraints through PostgreSQL and Oracle, against the use of a post-Relational model composed of the Conceptual Universal Database Language (CUDL) and the Conceptual Universal Database Language Abstraction Level (CAL). Findings – The CAL/CUDL pair, although more periphrastic for data definition, is simpler for data insertions, does not require the use of procedural code for data updates, produces clearer output for retrieval of attributes, can accomplish retrieval of rows based on conditions that address composite data with declarative statements and supports data validation for relationships between composite data without the need for procedural code. Research limitations/implications – To verify, in practice, the conclusions of the paper, complete implementation of a CAL/CUDL system is needed. Practical implications – The use of the CAL/CUDL pair would advance the productivity of database application development. Originality/value – This paper highlights the properties of realistic database-applications modelling and management that are desirable by developers and shows that these properties are better satisfied by the CAL/CUDL pair.
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Vanhooren, Henk, Jurgen Meirlaen, Youri Amerlinck, Filip Claeys, Hans Vangheluwe e Peter A. Vanrolleghem. "WEST: modelling biological wastewater treatment". Journal of Hydroinformatics 5, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2003): 27–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2003.0003.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Modelling is considered to be an inherent part of the design and operation of a wastewater treatment system. The models used in practice range from conceptual models and physical design models (laboratory-scale or pilot-scale reactors) to empirical or mechanistic mathematical models. These mathematical models can be used during the design, operation and optimisation of a wastewater treatment system. To do so, a good software tool is indispensable. WEST is a general modelling and simulation environment and can, together with a model base, be used for this task. The model base presented here is specific for biological wastewater treatment and is written in MSL-USER. In this high-level object-oriented language, the dynamics of systems can be represented along with symbolic information. In WEST's graphical modelling environment, the physical layout of the plant can be rebuilt, and each building block can be linked to a specific model from the model base. The graphical information is then combined with the information in the model base to produce MSL-EXEC code, which can be compiled with a C++ compiler. In the experimentation environment, the user can design different experiments, such as simulations and optimisations of, for instance, designs, controllers and model fits to data (calibration).
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Rheindorf, Markus, e Ruth Wodak. "Genre-related language change: Discourse- and corpus-linguistic perspectives on Austrian German 1970–2010". Folia Linguistica 53, n. 1 (26 aprile 2019): 125–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/flin-2019-2006.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractThe motivation and diffusion of language change have been modelled and discussed in frequently conflicting terms, often focused on an isolated set of features rather than more integrative sociolinguistic concerns. We present a case study of language change in Austrian German along a broad range of lexical, syntactic as well as textual features, approached through a corpus based on genres situated in the pertinent fields of news reporting, education and business. Based on our results, we argue that drawing on ‘genre’ as socially-situated, interactive and goal-oriented patterns of language use provides both a conceptual and empirical framework that may help address some of the more prominent issues in modelling language change: as a concept, it provides a frame within which to grasp the social changes driving language change; as empirical focus, it guides data selection and allows us to describe and explicate complex and seemingly contradictory diffusion patterns.
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Bera, Palash, e Geert Poels. "The Effects of Construct Redundancy on Readers' Understanding of Conceptual Models". Journal of Database Management 28, n. 3 (luglio 2017): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jdm.2017070101.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper investigates the effect of construct redundancy on readers' understanding of conceptual models. Conceptual models play a crucial role in understanding the domain related to information system development. The clarity of such models can be compromised if they are constructed using a conceptual modelling grammar exhibiting construct redundancy where one real-world phenomenon maps to two or more grammar constructs. With two empirical studies on solving domain-related problems using Unified Modeling Language (UML) class diagrams as conceptual domain models, it was found that when construct redundancy is present at different strengths, then the effect of the redundancy on the understanding of a model depends on the modeling knowledge of the reader. Novice readers with minimal modeling knowledge find models difficult to interpret when a strong level of redundancy caused by distinct construct redundancy exists. However, when the models have a weak level of redundancy then these readers find them easier to understand compared to models without redundancy. In contrast, trained readers are indifferent to a weak level of redundancy in a model.