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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Computational grids (Computer systems)"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 1 agosto 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Computational grids (Computer systems)"

1

Jie, Wei, Tianyi Zang, Terence Hung, Stephen J. Turner e Wentong Cai. "Information Management for Computational Grids". International Journal of Web Services Research 2, n. 3 (luglio 2005): 69–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jwsr.2005070103.

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Morozov, Alexander Yu, e Dmitry L. Reviznikov. "Adaptive Sparse Grids with Nonlinear Basis in Interval Problems for Dynamical Systems". Computation 11, n. 8 (1 agosto 2023): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computation11080149.

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Problems with interval uncertainties arise in many applied fields. The authors have earlier developed, tested, and proved an adaptive interpolation algorithm for solving this class of problems. The algorithm’s idea consists of constructing a piecewise polynomial function that interpolates the dependence of the problem solution on point values of interval parameters. The classical version of the algorithm uses polynomial full grid interpolation and, with a large number of uncertainties, the algorithm becomes difficult to apply due to the exponential growth of computational costs. Sparse grid interpolation requires significantly less computational resources than interpolation on full grids, so their use seems promising. A representative number of examples have previously confirmed the effectiveness of using adaptive sparse grids with a linear basis in the adaptive interpolation algorithm. The purpose of this paper is to apply adaptive sparse grids with a nonlinear basis for modeling dynamic systems with interval parameters. The corresponding interpolation polynomials on the quadratic basis and the fourth-degree basis are constructed. The efficiency, performance, and robustness of the proposed approach are demonstrated on a representative set of problems.

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PREVE, NIKOLAOS P., e EMMANUEL N. PROTONOTARIOS. "MONTE CARLO SIMULATION ON COMPUTATIONAL FINANCE FOR GRID COMPUTING". International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 03, n. 03 (17 maggio 2012): 1250010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793962312500109.

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Monte Carlo methods are a class of computational algorithms that rely on repeated random sampling to compute their results. Monte Carlo methods are often used in simulating complex systems. Because of their reliance on repeated computation of random or pseudo-random numbers, these methods are most suited to calculation by a computer and tend to be used when it is infeasible or impossible to compute an exact result with a deterministic algorithm. In finance, Monte Carlo simulation method is used to calculate the value of companies, to evaluate economic investments and financial derivatives. On the other hand, Grid Computing applies heterogeneous computer resources of many geographically disperse computers in a network in order to solve a single problem that requires a great number of computer processing cycles or access to large amounts of data. In this paper, we have developed a simulation based on Monte Carlo method which is applied on grid computing in order to predict through complex calculations the future trends in stock prices.

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ARNOLD, DORIAN C., SATHISH S. VAHDIYAR e JACK J. DONGARRA. "ON THE CONVERGENCE OF COMPUTATIONAL AND DATA GRIDS". Parallel Processing Letters 11, n. 02n03 (giugno 2001): 187–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s012962640100052x.

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Great advances in high-performance computing have given rise to scientific applications that place large demands on software and hardware infrastructures for both computational and data services. With these trends the necessity has emerged for distributed systems developers that once distinguished between these elements to acknowledge that indeed computational and data services are tightly coupled and need to be addressed simultaneously. In this article, we compile and discuss several strategies and techniques, like co-scheduling and co-allocation of computational and data services, dynamic storage capabilities, and quality-of-service, that can be used to help resolve some of the aforementioned issues. We present our interactions with a distributed computing system, NetSolve, and a Distributed Storage Infrastructure, IBP, as a case study of how some of these techniques can be effectively deployed and offer experimental evidence from early prototypes that validate our motivation and direction.

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Morozov, Alexander Yu, Andrey A. Zhuravlev e Dmitry L. Reviznikov. "Sparse Grid Adaptive Interpolation in Problems of Modeling Dynamic Systems with Interval Parameters". Mathematics 9, n. 4 (3 febbraio 2021): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9040298.

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The paper is concerned with the issues of modeling dynamic systems with interval parameters. In previous works, the authors proposed an adaptive interpolation algorithm for solving interval problems; the essence of the algorithm is the dynamic construction of a piecewise polynomial function that interpolates the solution of the problem with a given accuracy. The main problem of applying the algorithm is related to the curse of dimension, i.e., exponential complexity relative to the number of interval uncertainties in parameters. The main objective of this work is to apply the previously proposed adaptive interpolation algorithm to dynamic systems with a large number of interval parameters. In order to reduce the computational complexity of the algorithm, the authors propose using adaptive sparse grids. This article introduces a novelty approach of applying sparse grids to problems with interval uncertainties. The efficiency of the proposed approach has been demonstrated on representative interval problems of nonlinear dynamics and computational materials science.

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Huang, Sili, Eric Aubanel e Virendrakumar C. Bhavsar. "PaGrid: A Mesh Partitioner for Computational Grids". Journal of Grid Computing 4, n. 1 (1 febbraio 2006): 71–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10723-005-9018-0.

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Jakóbik (Krok), Agnieszka, Daniel Grzonka, Joanna Kołodziej, Adriana E. Chis e Horacio Gonzalez- ´Velez. "Energy Efficient Scheduling Methods for Computational Grids and Clouds". Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, n. 1 (30 marzo 2017): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.26636/jtit.2017.1.651.

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This paper presents an overview of techniques developed to improve energy efficiency of grid and cloud computing. Power consumption models and energy usage proles are presented together with energy efficiency measuring methods. Modeling of computing dynamics is discussed from the viewpoint of system identication theory, indicating basic experiment design problems and challenges. Novel approaches to cluster and network-wide energy usage optimization are surveyed, including multi-level power and software control systems, energy-aware task scheduling, resource allocation algorithms and frameworks for backbone networks management. Software-development techniques and tools are also presented as a new promising way to reduce power consumption at the computing node level. Finally, energy-aware control mechanisms are presented. In addition, this paper introduces the example of batch scheduler based on ETC matrix approach.

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Wei, Guiyi, Yun Ling, Athanasios V. Vasilakos, Bin Xiao e Yao Zheng. "PIVOT: An adaptive information discovery framework for computational grids". Information Sciences 180, n. 23 (dicembre 2010): 4543–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2010.07.022.

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Chmaj, Grzegorz, Krzysztof Walkowiak, Michał Tarnawski e Michał Kucharzak. "Heuristic algorithms for optimization of task allocation and result distribution in peer-to-peer computing systems". International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science 22, n. 3 (1 settembre 2012): 733–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10006-012-0055-0.

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Abstract Recently, distributed computing system have been gaining much attention due to a growing demand for various kinds of effective computations in both industry and academia. In this paper, we focus on Peer-to-Peer (P2P) computing systems, also called public-resource computing systems or global computing systems. P2P computing systems, contrary to grids, use personal computers and other relatively simple electronic equipment (e.g., the PlayStation console) to process sophisticated computational projects. A significant example of the P2P computing idea is the BOINC (Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing) project. To improve the performance of the computing system, we propose to use the P2P approach to distribute results of computational projects, i.e., results are transmitted in the system like in P2P file sharing systems (e.g., BitTorrent). In this work, we concentrate on offline optimization of the P2P computing system including two elements: scheduling of computations and data distribution. The objective is to minimize the system OPEX cost related to data processing and data transmission. We formulate an Integer Linear Problem (ILP) to model the system and apply this formulation to obtain optimal results using the CPLEX solver. Next, we propose two heuristic algorithms that provide results very

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José da Silva, Diego, Edmarcio Antonio Belati e Eduardo Werley Silva dos Angelos. "FPAES: A Hybrid Approach for the Optimal Placement and Sizing of Reactive Compensation in Distribution Grids". Energies 13, n. 23 (4 dicembre 2020): 6409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13236409.

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Reactive power compensation with Capacitor Banks (CBs) is one of the most successful approaches used in distribution systems, mainly due to their versatility, long-term acceptance in the power industry, and reduced costs. Most allocation methods, however, lack specific strategies to handle the limited discrete nature of CBs sizes seeking to improve the overall optimization and computational performance. We present an algorithm for the Optimal Placement of Capacitor Banks (OPCB) in distribution systems by means of a hybrid Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA)–Exhaustive Search (ES) approach. The pollination process itself determines the sets of buses for placement, while CBs sizes and the final fitness values of each pollen are selected after a full-search is conducted in the sizing space. As the sizing phase works on the limited search space of predetermined discrete bank values, the computational effort to find the optimum CB capacity is greatly reduced. Tests were performed on distribution systems of 10, 34, and 85 buses with respect to the objective function, final losses, and voltage profile. The algorithm offers an excellent compromise between solution quality and computational effort, when compared to similar approaches.

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Tesi sul tema "Computational grids (Computer systems)"

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Chen, Lin. "Process migration and runtime scheduling for parallel tasks in computational grids". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38574172.

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Chen, Lin, e 陳琳. "Process migration and runtime scheduling for parallel tasks in computational grids". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38574172.

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Muranganwa, Raymond. "Design and implementation of a multi-agent opportunistic grid computing platform". Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/2722.

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Opportunistic Grid Computing involves joining idle computing resources in enterprises into a converged high performance commodity infrastructure. The research described in this dissertation investigates the viability of public resource computing in offering a plethora of possibilities through seamless access to shared compute and storage resources. The research proposes and conceptualizes the Multi-Agent Opportunistic Grid (MAOG) solution in an Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D) initiative to address some limitations prevalent in traditional distributed system implementations. Proof-of-concept software components based on JADE (Java Agent Development Framework) validated Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) as an important tool for provisioning of Opportunistic Grid Computing platforms. Exploration of agent technologies within the research context identified two key components which improve access to extended computer capabilities. The first component is a Mobile Agent (MA) compute component in which a group of agents interact to pool shared processor cycles. The compute component integrates dynamic resource identification and allocation strategies by incorporating the Contract Net Protocol (CNP) and rule based reasoning concepts. The second service is a MAS based storage component realized through disk mirroring and Google file-system’s chunking with atomic append storage techniques. This research provides a candidate Opportunistic Grid Computing platform design and implementation through the use of MAS. Experiments conducted validated the design and implementation of the compute and storage services. From results, support for processing user applications; resource identification and allocation; and rule based reasoning validated the MA compute component. A MAS based file-system that implements chunking optimizations was considered to be optimum based on evaluations. The findings from the undertaken experiments also validated the functional adequacy of the implementation, and show the suitability of MAS for provisioning of robust, autonomous, and intelligent platforms. The context of this research, ICT4D, provides a solution to optimizing and increasing the utilization of computing resources that are usually idle in these contexts.

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Shi, Benyun. "A concurrent negotiation mechanism for grid resource co-allocation". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2008. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/937.

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Ng, Ka Fung. "Designing and implementing relaxed-criteria G-negotiation agents". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2008. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/938.

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Chen, Jinjun. "Towards effective and efficient temporal verification in grid workflow systems". Australasian Digital Thesis Program, 2007. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au/public/adt-VSWT20070424.112326/index.html.

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Thesis (Ph.D) - Swinburne University of Technology, Faculty of Information & Communication Technologies, Centre for Information Technology Research, 2007.
A thesis to CITR - Centre for Information Technology Research, Faculty of Information and Communication Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, 2007. Typescript. Bibliography p. 145-160.

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Gandhi, Bhavin B. "On the coverage of grid information dissemination protocols". Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2005.

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Erdil, Değer Cenk. "Adaptive dissemination protocols for hybrid grid resource scheduling". Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2007.

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Kalyanasundaram, Anand Kumar. "Service based marketplace for applications". Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2003. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-11072003-110358.

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Stokes-Rees, Ian. "A REST model for high throughput scheduling in computational grids". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.442954.

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Current grid computing architectures have been based on cluster management and batch queuing systems, extended to a distributed, federated domain. These have shown shortcomings in terms of scalability, stability, and modularity. To address these problems, this dissertation applies architectural styles from the Internet and Web to the domain of generic computational grids. Using the REST style, a flexible model for grid resource interaction is developed which removes the need for any centralised services or specific protocols, thereby allowing a range of implementations and layering of further functionality. The context for resource interaction is a generalisation and formalisation of the Condor ClassAd match-making mechanism. This set theoretic model is described in depth, including the advantages and features which it realises. This RESTful style is also motivated by operational experience with existing grid infrastructures, and the design, operation, and performance of a proto-RESTful grid middleware package named DIRAC. This package was designed to provide for the LHCb particle physics experiment’s “off-line” computational infrastructure, and was first exercised during a 6 month data challenge which utilised over 670 years of CPU time and produced 98 TB of data through 300,000 tasks executed at computing centres around the world. The design of DIRAC and performance measures from the data challenge are reported. The main contribution of this work is the development of a REST model for grid resource interaction. In particular, it allows resource templating for scheduling queues which provide a novel distributed and scalable approach to resource scheduling on the grid.

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Libri sul tema "Computational grids (Computer systems)"

1

Azarenok, B. N. O postroenii podvizhnykh adaptivnykh prostranstvennykh setok. Moskva: Vychislitelʹnyĭ t︠s︡entr im. A.A. Dorodnit︠s︡yna RAN, 2007.

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Magoulès, F. Fundamentals of grid computing: Theory, algorithms, and technologies. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC, 2009.

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Magoulès, F. Fundamentals of grid computing: Theory, algorithms and technologies. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC, 2009.

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1959-, Foster Ian, e Kesselman Carl, a cura di. The grid: Blueprint for a new computing infrastructure. San Francisco: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 1999.

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Magoulès, F. Fundamentals of grid computing: Theory, algorithms and technologies. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC, 2009.

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Workshop on Future Generation Grids (2004 Dagstuhl, Germany). Future generation grids: Proceedings of the Workshop on Future Generation Grids, November 1-5, 2004 Dagstuhl, Germany. New York, NY: Springer, 2005.

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Ransbotham, Sam. Sequential grid computing: Models and computational experiments. Bangalore: Indian Institute of Management Bangalore, 2009.

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International, Workshop on Grid Computing and Applications (3rd 2007 Biopolis Singapore). GCA 2007: Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Grid Computing and Applications, Biopolis, Singapore, 5-8, 2007. Singapore: World Scientific, 2007.

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GRID 2001 (2001 Denver, Colo.). Grid computing--GRID 2001: Second international workshop, Denver, CO, USA, November 12, 2001 : proceedings. Berlin: New York, 2001.

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International Conference on e-Science and Grid Computing (1st 2005 Melbourne, Vic.). First International Conference on e-Science and Grid Computing: Proceedings : Melbourne, Australia, December 5-8, 2005. Los Alamitos, Calif: IEEE Computer Society, 2005.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Computational grids (Computer systems)"

1

Azab, Abdulrahman, e Hein Meling. "A Virtual File System Interface for Computational Grids". In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 87–96. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13971-0_9.

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Waheed, Abdul, Warren Smith, Jude George e Jerry Yan. "An Infrastructure for Monitoring and Management in Computational Grids". In Languages, Compilers, and Run-Time Systems for Scalable Computers, 235–45. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-40889-4_18.

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Sukhinov, Alexander, Vladimir Litvinov, Alexander Chistyakov, Alla Nikitina, Natalia Gracheva e Nelli Rudenko. "Computational Aspects of Solving Grid Equations in Heterogeneous Computing Systems". In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 166–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86359-3_13.

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Martínez, D. R., J. L. Albín, J. C. Cabaleiro, T. F. Pena e F. F. Rivera. "A Load Balance Methodology for Highly Compute-Intensive Applications on Grids Based on Computational Modeling". In On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems 2005: OTM 2005 Workshops, 327–36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11575863_52.

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Turchenko, Volodymyr. "Computational Grid vs. Parallel Computer for Coarse-Grain Parallelization of Neural Networks Training". In On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems 2005: OTM 2005 Workshops, 357–66. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11575863_55.

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Petcu, Dana, Diana Dubu e Marcin Paprzycki. "Towards a Grid-Aware Computer Algebra System". In Computational Science - ICCS 2004, 490–94. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24685-5_73.

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Foster, Ian. "High-Performance Computational Grids". In High Performance Computing Systems and Applications, 17–18. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5611-4_3.

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Katramatos, Dimitrios, Marty Humphrey, Andrew Grimshaw e Steve Chapin. "JobQueue: A Computational Grid-Wide Queuing System". In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 99–110. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45644-9_10.

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Chen, Xiaolin, Chang Yang, Sanglu Lu e Guihai Chen. "An Active Resource Management System for Computational Grid". In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 225–32. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30208-7_35.

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Abdalhaq, Baker, Ana Cortés, Tomás Margalef e Emilio Luque. "Evolutionary Optimization Techniques on Computational Grids". In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 513–22. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-46043-8_52.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Computational grids (Computer systems)"

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Abdelkader, K., J. Broeckhove e Kurt Vanmechelen. "Commodity resource pricing in dynamic computational grids". In 2008 IEEE/ACS International Conference on Computer Systems and Applications (AICCSA). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aiccsa.2008.4493568.

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Aziz, Abdul, e Hesham El-Rewini. "Workflow scheduling in computational grids: Opportunistic vs. planned". In 2008 IEEE/ACS International Conference on Computer Systems and Applications (AICCSA). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aiccsa.2008.4493545.

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Ilic, Marija D. "DYMONDS computer platform for smart grids". In 2014 Power Systems Computation Conference (PSCC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pscc.2014.7038476.

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Xhafa, Fatos, Bernat Duran, Ajith Abraham e Keshav P. Dahal. "Tuning Struggle Strategy in Genetic Algorithms for Scheduling in Computational Grids". In 2008 7th Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management Applications (CISIM). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cisim.2008.54.

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Abdelkader, K., J. Broeckhove e Kurt Vanmechelen. "Economic-based resource management for dynamic computational grids: Extension to substitutable CPU resources". In 2009 IEEE/ACS International Conference on Computer Systems and Applications. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aiccsa.2009.5069288.

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SMITH, MERRITT, e JANI PALLIS. "MEDUSA - An overset grid flow solver for network-based parallel computer systems". In 11th Computational Fluid Dynamics Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1993-3312.

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Gundy-Burlet, Karen L., Man Mohan Rai, R. Charles Stauter e Robert P. Dring. "Temporally and Spatially Resolved Flow in a Two-Stage Axial Compressor: Part 2 — Computational Assessment". In ASME 1990 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/90-gt-299.

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Fluid dynamics of turbomachines are complicated because of aerodynamic interactions between rotors and Stators. It is necessary to understand the aerodynamics associated with these interactions in order to design turbomachines that are both light and compact as well as reliable and efficient. The current study uses an unsteady, thin-layer Navier-Stokes zonal approach to investigate the unsteady aerodynamics of a multistage compressor. Relative motion between rotors and stators is made possible by the use of systems of patched and overlaid grids. Results have been computed for a 2½-stage compressor configuration. The numerical data compare well with experimental data for surface pressures and wakes. In addition, the effect of grid refinement on the solution is studied.

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Cartes, David, Joe H. Chow, Dan McCaugherty, Steve Widergren e G. Kumar Venayagamoorthy. "The IEEE Computer Society Smart Grid Vision Project opens opportunites for computational intelligence". In 2013 IEEE Conference on Evolving and Adaptive Intelligent Systems (EAIS). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eais.2013.6604117.

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Efkolidis, Nikolaos, Prodromos Minaoglou, Kyriaki Aidinli e Panagiotis Kyratsis. "Computational design used for jewelry". In 10th International Symposium on Graphic Engineering and Design. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of technical sciences, Department of graphic engineering and design,, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/grid-2020-p60.

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Nowadays more and more computer-aided technologies and computational techniques are applied to product design. Jewelry belongs to those products. Jewelry is considered as part of human civilization and adopted to human’s needs. In recent years, computational design is applied in order to overcome the limitations of traditional CAD systems, when reaching an increased level of complexity and geometrical controls. Computational design supports the evolution of creative design and develops models as a form of the computational exploration. Furthermore, additive manufacturing (AM) pieces of equipment are widely used to create models and prototype parts in various applications. AM plays an important role, when developing jewelry models, as it is utilized with an aim to produce high-quality models in rather reduced numbers and complex shapes. In the current paper, a computer-based design tool was applied in order to develop algorithms for the generation of new artistic forms for the design of a set of jewelry. Then, Stereolithography (SLA) technique is chosen for the prototype models construction.

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Dankan Gowda, V., S. G. Surya, N. M. G. Kumar, Kdv Prasad, Vk Satya Prasad e Mandeep Kaur. "Optimizing Renewable Energy Integration in Smart Grids through IoT-Driven Management Systems". In 2024 2nd International Conference on Advancement in Computation & Computer Technologies (InCACCT). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/incacct61598.2024.10551160.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Computational grids (Computer systems)"

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Angevine, Colin, Karen Cator, Jeremy Roschelle, Susan A. Thomas, Chelsea Waite e Josh Weisgrau. Computational Thinking for a Computational World. Digital Promise, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.51388/20.500.12265/62.

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Computers, smartphones, smart systems, and other technologies are woven into nearly every aspect of our daily lives. As computational technology advances, it is imperative that we educate young people and working adults to thrive in a computational world. In this context, the essential question for American education is: In a computational world, what is important to know and know how to do? This paper argues that computational thinking is both central to computer science and widely applicable throughout education and the workforce. It is a skillset for solving complex problems, a way to learn topics in any discipline, and a necessity for fully participating in a computational world. The paper concludes with recommendations for integrating computational thinking across K-12 curriculum.

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Castro, Carolina Robledo, Piedad Rocio Lerma-Castaño e Luis Gerardo Pachón-Ospina. Rehabilitation programs based on computational systems: effects in the executive functions in young and middle adulthood: A scoping review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, ottobre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.10.0052.

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Review question / Objective: To identify empirical studies that measured the feasibility and effect of computer-based executive function stimulation and rehabilitation programs in the young and middle adult population. Background: Reviews that evaluate the effectiveness of computerized cognitive training programs on executive functions in different population groups have shown contradictory results, to a certain extent associated with the methodological characteristics of said studies (Gates et al., 2019; 2020); most of them These reviews have focused on older adults (Ten Brinke et al., 2020; Yoo et al., 2015) with stroke sequelae, and adults with cognitive impairment. These studies have found improvements in general cognitive function in older adults (Ten Brinke et al., 2020); however, the effect on executive functions have not been studied. Only one review was carried out on the average adult (Gates et al., 2019); the authors restricted the search to interventions with more than 12 weeks and only found one article with eligibility criteria. Their work concluded that computerized cognitive training in midlife demonstrated lasting effects on general cognitive function after 12 weeks of training and on memory after 24 weeks of training.

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Wu, Yingjie, Selim Gunay e Khalid Mosalam. Hybrid Simulations for the Seismic Evaluation of Resilient Highway Bridge Systems. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, novembre 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/ytgv8834.

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Bridges often serve as key links in local and national transportation networks. Bridge closures can result in severe costs, not only in the form of repair or replacement, but also in the form of economic losses related to medium- and long-term interruption of businesses and disruption to surrounding communities. In addition, continuous functionality of bridges is very important after any seismic event for emergency response and recovery purposes. Considering the importance of these structures, the associated structural design philosophy is shifting from collapse prevention to maintaining functionality in the aftermath of moderate to strong earthquakes, referred to as “resiliency” in earthquake engineering research. Moreover, the associated construction philosophy is being modernized with the utilization of accelerated bridge construction (ABC) techniques, which strive to reduce the impact of construction on traffic, society, economy and on-site safety. This report presents two bridge systems that target the aforementioned issues. A study that combined numerical and experimental research was undertaken to characterize the seismic performance of these bridge systems. The first part of the study focuses on the structural system-level response of highway bridges that incorporate a class of innovative connecting devices called the “V-connector,”, which can be used to connect two components in a structural system, e.g., the column and the bridge deck, or the column and its foundation. This device, designed by ACII, Inc., results in an isolation surface at the connection plane via a connector rod placed in a V-shaped tube that is embedded into the concrete. Energy dissipation is provided by friction between a special washer located around the V-shaped tube and a top plate. Because of the period elongation due to the isolation layer and the limited amount of force transferred by the relatively flexible connector rod, bridge columns are protected from experiencing damage, thus leading to improved seismic behavior. The V-connector system also facilitates the ABC by allowing on-site assembly of prefabricated structural parts including those of the V-connector. A single-column, two-span highway bridge located in Northern California was used for the proof-of-concept of the proposed V-connector protective system. The V-connector was designed to result in an elastic bridge response based on nonlinear dynamic analyses of the bridge model with the V-connector. Accordingly, a one-third scale V-connector was fabricated based on a set of selected design parameters. A quasi-static cyclic test was first conducted to characterize the force-displacement relationship of the V-connector, followed by a hybrid simulation (HS) test in the longitudinal direction of the bridge to verify the intended linear elastic response of the bridge system. In the HS test, all bridge components were analytically modeled except for the V-connector, which was simulated as the experimental substructure in a specially designed and constructed test setup. Linear elastic bridge response was confirmed according to the HS results. The response of the bridge with the V-connector was compared against that of the as-built bridge without the V-connector, which experienced significant column damage. These results justified the effectiveness of this innovative device. The second part of the study presents the HS test conducted on a one-third scale two-column bridge bent with self-centering columns (broadly defined as “resilient columns” in this study) to reduce (or ultimately eliminate) any residual drifts. The comparison of the HS test with a previously conducted shaking table test on an identical bridge bent is one of the highlights of this study. The concept of resiliency was incorporated in the design of the bridge bent columns characterized by a well-balanced combination of self-centering, rocking, and energy-dissipating mechanisms. This combination is expected to lead to minimum damage and low levels of residual drifts. The ABC is achieved by utilizing precast columns and end members (cap beam and foundation) through an innovative socket connection. In order to conduct the HS test, a new hybrid simulation system (HSS) was developed, utilizing commonly available software and hardware components in most structural laboratories including: a computational platform using Matlab/Simulink [MathWorks 2015], an interface hardware/software platform dSPACE [2017], and MTS controllers and data acquisition (DAQ) system for the utilized actuators and sensors. Proper operation of the HSS was verified using a trial run without the test specimen before the actual HS test. In the conducted HS test, the two-column bridge bent was simulated as the experimental substructure while modeling the horizontal and vertical inertia masses and corresponding mass proportional damping in the computer. The same ground motions from the shaking table test, consisting of one horizontal component and the vertical component, were applied as input excitations to the equations of motion in the HS. Good matching was obtained between the shaking table and the HS test results, demonstrating the appropriateness of the defined governing equations of motion and the employed damping model, in addition to the reliability of the developed HSS with minimum simulation errors. The small residual drifts and the minimum level of structural damage at large peak drift levels demonstrated the superior seismic response of the innovative design of the bridge bent with self-centering columns. The reliability of the developed HS approach motivated performing a follow-up HS study focusing on the transverse direction of the bridge, where the entire two-span bridge deck and its abutments represented the computational substructure, while the two-column bridge bent was the physical substructure. This investigation was effective in shedding light on the system-level performance of the entire bridge system that incorporated innovative bridge bent design beyond what can be achieved via shaking table tests, which are usually limited by large-scale bridge system testing capacities.

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Striuk, Andrii M., e Serhiy O. Semerikov. The Dawn of Software Engineering Education. [б. в.], febbraio 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3671.

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Designing a mobile-oriented environment for professional and practical training requires determining the stable (fundamental) and mobile (technological) components of its content and determining the appropriate model for specialist training. In order to determine the ratio of fundamental and technological in the content of software engineers’ training, a retrospective analysis of the first model of training software engineers developed in the early 1970s was carried out and its compliance with the current state of software engineering development as a field of knowledge and a new the standard of higher education in Ukraine, specialty 121 “Software Engineering”. It is determined that the consistency and scalability inherent in the historically first training program are largely consistent with the ideas of evolutionary software design. An analysis of its content also provided an opportunity to identify the links between the training for software engineers and training for computer science, computer engineering, cybersecurity, information systems and technologies. It has been established that the fundamental core of software engineers’ training should ensure that students achieve such leading learning outcomes: to know and put into practice the fundamental concepts, paradigms and basic principles of the functioning of language, instrumental and computational tools for software engineering; know and apply the appropriate mathematical concepts, domain methods, system and object-oriented analysis and mathematical modeling for software development; put into practice the software tools for domain analysis, design, testing, visualization, measurement and documentation of software. It is shown that the formation of the relevant competencies of future software engineers must be carried out in the training of all disciplines of professional and practical training.

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Farhi, Edward, e Hartmut Neven. Classification with Quantum Neural Networks on Near Term Processors. Web of Open Science, dicembre 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37686/qrl.v1i2.80.

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We introduce a quantum neural network, QNN, that can represent labeled data, classical or quantum, and be trained by supervised learning. The quantum circuit consists of a sequence of parameter dependent unitary transformations which acts on an input quantum state. For binary classification a single Pauli operator is measured on a designated readout qubit. The measured output is the quantum neural network’s predictor of the binary label of the input state. We show through classical simulation that parameters can be found that allow the QNN to learn to correctly distinguish the two data sets. We then discuss presenting the data as quantum superpositions of computational basis states corresponding to different label values. Here we show through simulation that learning is possible. We consider using our QNN to learn the label of a general quantum state. By example we show that this can be done. Our work is exploratory and relies on the classical simulation of small quantum systems. The QNN proposed here was designed with near-term quantum processors in mind. Therefore it will be possible to run this QNN on a near term gate model quantum computer where its power can be explored beyond what can be explored with simulation.

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