Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Comportements de défense"
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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Comportements de défense"
Barbeau, Alain. "Des réactions des intervenants dans un centre de jour en santé mentale et de l’évitement de l’institutionnalisation des défenses individuelles". Santé mentale au Québec 17, n. 2 (17 giugno 2008): 251–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/502080ar.
Testo completoMéchin, Nathalie. "Quelques réflexions cliniques à propos des comportements des individus face au coronavirus". Psy Cause N° 79, n. 4 (3 ottobre 2021): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/psca.079.0018.
Testo completoLori, Massimo. "Défense des droits de l'homme : les comportements d'achat comme praxis politique". L Economie politique 39, n. 3 (2008): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/leco.039.0050.
Testo completoKissi, Fouziya. "Les comportements violents de l'enfant... comme légitime défense contre l'absence d'autorité". Revue de l'enfance et de l'adolescence 89, n. 1 (2014): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/read.089.0117.
Testo completoArmstrong, Judith G. "Deciphering the Broken Narrative of Trauma". Rorschachiana 25, n. 1 (gennaio 2002): 11–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1192-5604.25.1.11.
Testo completoGingras, François-Pierre. "Les militaires québécois sont-ils différents?" Politique, n. 22 (11 dicembre 2008): 55–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/040729ar.
Testo completoSudom, Kerry A., e Jennifer E. C. Lee. "Bien-être des membres des Forces armées canadiennes pendant la pandémie de COVID-19 : influence des comportements propices à la santé". Promotion de la santé et prévention des maladies chroniques au Canada 42, n. 3 (marzo 2022): 128–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.42.3.05f.
Testo completoDeyries, Sophie Duteil. "Les justifications genrées de la transgression scolaire". Educação Formação 6, n. 2 (12 aprile 2021): e4610. http://dx.doi.org/10.25053/redufor.v6i2.4610.
Testo completoDubreuil, Benoît. "L’individualisme de Jon Elster : une position méthodologique ou ontologique1 ?" Étude critique 37, n. 2 (11 gennaio 2011): 509–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/045198ar.
Testo completoJaquier, Joanne, e Jean-Luc Kuenlin. "Biosphères : mesure de résilience à visée d’insertion sociale et professionnelle en nature et sur le marché du travail réel en faveur des jeunes en difficulté". Cortica 1, n. 2 (20 settembre 2022): 332–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.26034/cortica.2022.3184.
Testo completoTesi sul tema "Comportements de défense"
Bouchama-Broquelet, Naëla. "Les droits de la défense dans les procédures de sanction des comportements anticoncurrentiels devant le Conseil de concurrence". Paris 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA020038.
Testo completoCastell, Almuni Laia. "Rôle de la signalisation dopaminergique dans l'amygdale étendue dans le contrôle des comportements de défense". Thesis, Montpellier, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MONTT057.
Testo completoLearning appropriate defensive behavioral responses to threatening situations is tightly controlled and requires a fine balance between memory specificity and generalization. However, inappropriate processing of threat learning can lead to excessive generalization resulting in the emergence of strong defensive reactions towards neutral cues. The central extended amygdala (EA) is a neuronal continuum critically involved in the control of behavioral responses towards threatening stimuli. Its core components, the nucleus accumbens, the central amygdala (CEA) and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), share similar inputs/outputs connectivity, and serve complementary roles in the integration of threat relevant information and the orchestration of fear- and anxiety-related behaviors. By conveying salience and valence, dopamine (DA) facilitate the encoding of discriminative learning between stimuli representing safety or threat and recent studies indicate that distortion of DA signaling is associated with maladaptive threat processing. We recently uncovered that DA gates overgeneralization of conditioned threat responses through concomitant activation of DA D2 type receptors (D2R) in both the CEA and the BNST. Despite these evidences, genetically-identified neural circuits of the extended amygdala in which, D2R signaling control threat processing, remain largely unknown.To tackle this issue, we have generated to D2R conditional knock-out mice allowing us to inactivate selectively D2R in extended D2R-expressing neurons (D2R-cKO) as well as in midbrain DA neurons (autoD2R-cKO). Our results revealed that extended amygdala D2R signaling modulates the expression of passive responses (i.e. freezing) to threat-conditioning auditory and contextual stimuli. We also found that extended amygdala D2R signaling facilitates extinction of threat conditioned stimulus and is required for active avoidance learning. Such impairments are not a consequence of sensory defaults since auditory brainstem response-evoked thresholds as well as Mechanical and thermal sensitivity are intact in D2R-cKO. On the other hand, we uncovered that autoD2R tunes the discrimination between stimuli representing safety or threat in discriminative auditory threat learning. Together our work suggest that, extended amygdala D2R signaling in distinct neural circuits contribute to the optimization of passive and active defensive behaviors in responses to threatening situations
Rousseau, Clément. "Concevoir une stratégie de défense face aux comportements égoïstes de noeuds utilisant le protocole MAC IEEE 802.11". Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2011. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/912/1/ROUSSEAU_Cl%C3%A9ment.pdf.
Testo completoPaquet-Blouin, Marie-Ève. "Les mécanismes de défense et la perte de limites du moi des individus borderlines présentant ou non des comportements parasuicidaires". Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2002. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/4073/1/000102877.pdf.
Testo completoBoyer, Pierre-Yves. "Quand les résistants deviennent des parties prenantes : une approche des réactions de défense de l'identité comme processus d'apprentissage". Thesis, La Réunion, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LARE0026/document.
Testo completoOur thesis aims to demonstrate that resistant individuals can be integrated as real stakeholders of the organizational learning process. This integration is possible when the consequences of their identity defense mechanisms for the organization are taken into account. To achieve this goal, our qualitative study follows a semi-grounded theory approach. This approach combines a preliminary theoretical framework and inductive empirical data to elaborate a model showing some positive contributions of resistance. Our research first addresses change through its impact on organizational identity (Corley & Gioia, 2004). Then, it considers how resisting activities can achieve significant organizational change (Courpasson et al., 2012). Finally, it develops a cognitive approach of change that brings us to consider resisting behaviors for their participation in the diversity of points of view inside the organization. Based on logbook extractions, 42 semi-directive interviews and a documentary analysis, our data provide a better understanding of how change takes root in the organization and how resistant individuals participate in this process. Thus, this inductive study results in a two-level model. The first level shows radical organizational change as a three-steps process: initiation, accentuation and rooting. In particular, we focus on organizational identity, its dissonances with alternative identity-related logics and the employees’ implication in the adjustment of change. This process results in the emergence of individual and organizational learning associated to a cognitive governance. The second level details the roles of the resistant individuals in this process. It shows that they can be real stakeholders of the key stages of change. In so doing, they allow the company to evolve towards the ideal of learning organization. We also propose a typology of resistant individuals (Forgotten, Followers, Emergent, New rebels), which allows us to develop some positive implications of resistance
Boufares, Salima. "Reproduction, comportements maternels et défense du nid chez la souris femelle : Influence de la mutation staggerer à l'état homozygote et hétérozygote". Paris 13, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA132037.
Testo completoMenegolla, Ana Paula. "Differential contribution of distinct prefrontal neuronal populations to danger representations". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0341.
Testo completoAnimals can be confronted to a high diversity of dangerous situations in natural environments. Their ability to be in a vigilant state about their surroundings, prepared to recognize and respond to danger, as well as to recognize sensory stimuli associated to specific threats, allows the expression of optimal behavioral responses to successfully cope with them. Dysfunctions in the response to threats are implicated in various psychiatric conditions such as anxiety disorders, phobias, or post-traumatic stress disorder. Thus, understanding the neural mechanisms underlying defensive behaviors is essential to unravel the neuronal bases of these severe conditions. Defensive behaviors are shaped by multiple interconnected brain regions. Among them, the prefrontal cortex (PFC), a site involved in the multimodal integration of stimuli and top-down control of complex behaviors, has largely been evidenced as a key regulator of defensive responses. Most of what is known about the implication of the PFC in defensive behaviors has been based on fear conditioning paradigms in which one single sensory stimulus drives the concomitant expression of a single defensive behavior (e.g. freezing or avoidance). Such simple paradigms make it difficult to pinpoint the exact processes PFC neurons are involved in (identification or discrimination of threatening stimuli, implementation of an aversive state or execution of a defensive response) and how specific their activity is. Moreover, the literature is focused on the function of the largest cell group of the dorsomedial PFC (dmPFC) – excitatory pyramidal neurons (Pyr) – or mixed neuronal populations. Nonetheless, Pyr activity is extensively orchestrated by a heterogeneous network of GABAergic interneurons (INs), among which Somatostatin-expressing (SST+) and Parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) neurons are the most abundant types. A limited body of evidence shows the critical role of dmPFC INs in the formation of an aversive memory and defensive freezing expression. Thus, a more comprehensive view of how dmPFC neurons, especially INs, process threatening information is still missing and would require more complex settings. In this work, we sought to determine the role of the main dmPFC neuronal populations (Pyr, SST+ and PV+ neurons) in the encoding of defensive states and specific threatening features to ultimately control the expression of defensive behaviors. To this end, we combined cell-type specific in vivo calcium imaging and optogenetic manipulations of the dmPFC with a novel behavioral paradigm in which mice face different threatening situations and must select the most pertinent defensive behavior to each of them in order to avoid an aversive outcome. We demonstrated that each of the studied neuronal populations encode threat-related information differently. The populations of excitatory neurons and SST+ interneurons have well-differentiated representations of threatening and non-threatening conditions. In addition, the SST+ population discriminates specific threatening information, process that was necessary for the selection of appropriate defensive behaviors. In contrast, the population activity of PV+ INs encoded in a more unspecific manner the presence of task stimuli regardless of their emotional value and was essential for mice to overall respond to threats. Together, these data suggest the presence of a gradient of representations of threatening events - from more general to more specific - in different dmPFC neuronal populations, allowing a collective encoding of danger
Broussot, Loïc. "Implication du noyau latérodorsal du tegmentum dans les réponses au stress adaptatives et mésadaptées". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://theses.univ-cotedazur.fr/2020COAZ6014.
Testo completoThe behavioural stress response is an adaptive mechanism that allows an organism to cope with threatening environmental stimuli. However, the circuitries that underlie it can be deregulated by intense or chronic stress and lead to maladaptive neuropsychiatric disorders. The ventral tegmental area (VTA) is a midbrain region that plays a crucial role in reward and aversion processing. It also influences the stress response, but our understanding of its role is still limited as the regulatory inputs that shape its activity during stress remain largely unknown. The laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (LDTg) is a brainstem structure regulating VTA activity. While its influence on reward processing has been widely described, its role in the stress response has yet to be determined.This thesis explores the role of the LDTg in two types of stress responses: 1) Adaptive defensive behaviours under acute stress. 2) Maladaptive behaviours following chronic stress. To assess the role of the LDTg in both contexts, we used chemogenetic and optogenetic tools to modulate its activity in mice during stressful situations and observed how it altered their behavioural responses.By using acute electrical shocks, we measured the influence of the LDTg over the freezing defensive response, an adaptive behaviour in mice confronted to an unseen threat. By selectively inhibiting LDTg projections of various natures and to different targets, we unravelled a new GABAergic LDTg-VTA pathway that bidirectionally modulates freezing in response to acute stress. Similarly, we used selective chemogenetic silencing in a mouse model of chronic social defeat to assess the role of the LDTg in stress-related depressive-like disorders. Cholinergic, but not glutamatergic, LDTg projections to the VTA were sufficient and necessary to induce depressive-like disorders after chronic stress. Together, these results unravel a new role of the LDTg-VTA axis in the regulation of the stress response. We show it is involved in both adaptive defensive behaviours and maladaptive stress-related disorders through converging yet different pathways. This may open a new therapeutic window for innovative treatments based on cerebral modulation
Girard, Véronique. "Comparaison d'hommes présentant des comportements violents envers leur conjointe et d'hommes ayant commis un homicide conjugal, en fonction du contact avec la réalité et des mécanismes de défense". Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2002. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/2573/1/000696312.pdf.
Testo completoSt-Pierre, Michelle. "Troubles du comportement alimentaire et style de défenses psychologiques". Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1994. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5303/1/000611317.pdf.
Testo completoLibri sul tema "Comportements de défense"
1945-, Evans David L., e Schmidt Justin O. 1947-, a cura di. Insect defenses: Adaptive mechanisms and strategies of prey and predators. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1990.
Cerca il testo completoPurser, Bruce. Jungle bugs: Masters of camouflage and mimicry. Toronto: Firefly Books, 2003.
Cerca il testo completoSchreiber, David Servan. Anticancer : Prévenir et lutter grâce à nos défenses naturelles. Robert Laffont, 2007.
Cerca il testo completoThe strategy of nonviolent defense: A Gandhian approach. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1996.
Cerca il testo completoBurrowes, Robert J. The Strategy of Nonviolent Defense: A Gandhian Approach. State University of New York Press, 1995.
Cerca il testo completoCapitoli di libri sul tema "Comportements de défense"
ELIMARI, Nassim, e Gilles LAFARGUE. "Influence du système immunitaire comportemental sur la xénophobie et l’altruisme en temps de pandémie". In Les épidémies au prisme des SHS, 75–82. Editions des archives contemporaines, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.5992.
Testo completoBencheikh, Ghaleb. "La mort en questions". In La mort en questions, 75–90. Érès, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/eres.faivr.2013.01.0075.
Testo completoParent, Geneviève, e Tom Ignacchiti. "L’alimentation entre éthique, science et innovation". In L’alimentation entre éthique, science et innovation, 57–77. ESKA, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/jibes.344.0057.
Testo completo