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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Comparative linguistics"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 29 luglio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Comparative linguistics"

Galdia, Marcus. "The Comparative Element in Comparative Legal Linguistics". Comparative Legilinguistics 43, n. 1 (1 settembre 2020): 57–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cl-2020-0008.

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Abstract Fundamental legal-linguistic research includes next to monolingual approaches to the legal language also comparative approaches. Meanwhile, the epistemic value of comparative approaches is unclear in legal linguistics. Therefore, in this article different legal-linguistic comparative approaches will be scrutinized, and their perspectives made operational in legal linguistics. Especially, the traditional analysis of legal terminology gains momentum here in the context of discursive comparative approaches. The multilingual origins and the intertextual mode of existence and development of the legal language are identified as its characteristic features. They also shape processes in which the language of the global law emerges in the contemporary social reality.

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Uktamovna, Khusenova Mekhriniso. "COMPARATIVE TYPOLOGY OF THE ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES". International Journal Of Literature And Languages 03, n. 06 (1 giugno 2023): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ijll/volume03issue06-08.

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Comparative linguistics, or comparative-historical linguistics (formerly comparative philology ) is a branch of historical linguistics that is concerned with comparing languages to establish their historical relatedness. This article focuses on the comparative typology of English, Uzbek and discusses the formation of comparative typology as a science, its methods of analysis, and the relations it with other linguistic subjects. Key words-comparative typology, confrontative linguistics, contrastive linguistics, linguistic characterology, comparativists, notions of a type of a language and a type in a language, linguistic universals, recessives and uncials

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Anvarovna, Erdanova Sevara. "DISCOURSE IN COMPARATIVE LINGUISTICS". International Journal Of Literature And Languages 03, n. 05 (1 maggio 2023): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ijll/volume03issue05-06.

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The application of the concept of discourse in semantics is more complex. Discourse semantics is the analysis of how we use vocabulary in specific areas of intellectual research. An example of this is the use of a pronoun in a sentence, which the reader or listener can only understand while connected. Below we will try to analyze the peculiarities of political speech and its relationship with other areas of linguistics. This analysis explores the connection between language and structure, such as the relationship between a sentence and the broader context in which it exists.

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Buniiatova, Izabella. "COMPARATIVE LINGUISTICS: AIMS, TARGETS, DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS". Studia Philologica, n. 2 (2019): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2311-2425.2019.13.2.

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This is a survey of comparative linguistics viewed as a set of the related paradigms that embrace comparative historical linguistics, aerial linguistics, linguistic typology and contrastive linguistics. The treatment of the science in question is largely based on the author’s long-standing experience deduced from research projects and from teaching it as a University professor. Placing the aforementioned paradigms under the umbrella concept “comparative linguistics” seems relevant and appropriate due to their sharing the key tool of investigation, i.e., COMPARISON, also due to their providing each other with applicable procedures and principles, as in case of two seemingly closer pairs, comparative historical and aerial areal linguistics, on the one hand, linguistic typology and contrastive linguistics, on the other hand.

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Бекбергенов, Xикмет. "Ma student,comparative linguistics and linguistic translation study". Актуальные вопросы лингвистики и преподавания иностранных языков: достижения и инновации 1, n. 1 (24 aprile 2024): 296–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.47689/topical-tiltfl-vol1-iss1-2024-pp296-299.

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The dative case in Karakalpak corresponds to the English Nominative case with the preposition “to” or without it and usually precede dative verbs like: beriw (to give), jónetiw (to send), aytıw (to tell), uzatıw (to hand), satıw (to sell), etc. The words in the dative case indicate the direction of the subject to someone or something and answer questions: kimge? – to/for whom?, nege? – to/for what?, qayaqqa? –where? Karakalpak dative construction Olar Lauraǵa priz berdi is normally conveyed in two ways in English as in: They gave Laura a prize (without a preposition). They gave a prize to Laura (with a preposition). The dative case in Karakalpak is formed with the help of special endings: -ǵa/ge, -qa/ke, -na/ne, -a/e and their meaning is the same as the meanings of the English prepositions to and for: balaǵa – to a child, balalarǵa – to children.

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Yuldasheva, Mastona. "COMPARATIVE TYPOLOGY IN CONTEMPORARY LINGUISTICS". International Journal of Advance Scientific Research 03, n. 06 (1 giugno 2023): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-03-06-05.

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van der Auwera, Johan. "From contrastive linguistics to linguistic typology". Languages in Contrast 12, n. 1 (12 gennaio 2012): 69–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.12.1.05auw.

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The paper looks back at Hawkins (1986), A comparative typology of English and German, and shows, on the basis of raising and human impersonal pronouns in English, Dutch and German, that contrastive linguistics can be viewed as a pilot study in typology. It also pleads for doing the contrastive linguistics of three languages rather than of two, not least because the third language can teach us something about the other two.

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Hohaus, Vera, e M. Ryan Bochnak. "The Grammar of Degree: Gradability Across Languages". Annual Review of Linguistics 6, n. 1 (14 gennaio 2020): 235–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-linguistics-011718-012009.

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In this review, we discuss the empirical landscape of degree constructions cross-linguistically as well as the major analytical avenues that have been pursued to account for individual languages and cross-linguistic variation. We first focus on comparatives and outline various compositional strategies for different types of comparative sentences as well as points of cross-linguistic variation in the lexicalization of comparative operators and gradable predicates. We then expand the discussion to superlatives, equatives, and other degree constructions. Finally, we turn to constructions beyond the prototypical degree constructions but where degree-based analyses have been pursued; we focus on change-of-state verbs and exclamatives. This is an area that is especially ripe for future cross-linguistic research. We conclude by mentioning connections to other subfields of linguistics, such as language acquisition, historical linguistics, and language processing.

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Teich, Elke. "System-oriented and text-oriented comparative linguistic research". Languages in Contrast 2, n. 2 (31 dicembre 1999): 187–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.2.2.04tei.

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The main concern of this paper is to develop a model of cross-linguistic variation that is applicable to various kinds of comparative linguistic research. The motivation for this lies in the observation that there is little interaction among the major areas of comparative linguistic investigation — language typology, contrastive linguistics, translation studies, and the computational modeling of multilingual processes as implemented in machine translation or multilingual text generation. The divide between them can be characterized by a general orientation towards describing the relation between language systems (as in language typology) vs. describing the relation between texts (as in translation studies). It will be suggested that with a model of cross-linguistic comparison that accommodates both the system view and the text view on cross-linguistic variation, language typology, contrastive linguistics, translation studies and multilingual computational linguistics can be shown to have mutually compatible concerns rather than being entirely disjunct endeavors. The model proposed is based on Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), using the representational categories SFL sets up as parameters along which cross-linguistic variation can be described. The fundamental assumption brought forward by SFL that acts as a unifier of concerns is that texts are ultimately instantiations of the language system under certain specifiable contexts of use. A model of cross-linguistic variation based on SFL thus bears the promise of opening up the text view for the system-oriented branch of cross-linguistic study, and the system view for the text-oriented branch. I illustrate the model with data from several European languages, concentrating on the register of instructional text.

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Ибраимова, Т. О., e К. Ш. Мамбетова. "ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЕ КАК ОБЪЕКТ СОПОСТАВИТЕЛЬНОГО ЯЗЫКОЗНАНИЯ". Vestnik Bishkek state university af K Karasaev 67, n. 1 (12 aprile 2024): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.35254/bsu/2024.67.05.

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The article shows that the sentence is recognized as a fundamental unit of language in comparative linguistics. This structural-syntactic phenomenon exists in a static state in the language system. It is pointed out that an utterance, being a dynamic phenomenon realized in speech, is not a subject of study in comparative linguistics. The sentence, and with it the language's syntax, is recognized as the indispensable linguistic structure with which the comparative study of two or more unrelated languages should begin. The position that the sentence, modality, and proposition constitute the main element of natural language is taken into account. It is concluded that the sentence unit is regarded as the most significant object for comparative linguistics since it is a necessary component of a language system.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Comparative linguistics"

Nussbaum, Miriam Claire. "Subset comparatives as comparative quantifiers". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/113771.

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Thesis: S.M. in Linguistics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2017.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 42-44).
This paper motivates and presents a novel analysis of the "subset comparative" construction (e.g. John saw more phonologists than just Mary; John drank more than just coffee). I build on Hackl (2000) and Alxatib (2013)'s analyses of comparative quantifiers (more than three) to develop a unified account for both. This analysis entails that subset comparatives are formed via ellipsis of a clausal source; I provide evidence for this claim and against previous analyses that give subset comparatives a phrasal analysis.
by Miriam Claire Nussbaum.
S.M. in Linguistics

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Hackl, Martin 1968. "Comparative quantifiers". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8765.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, February 2001.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 187-193).
The main goal of the thesis is to present a novel analysis of comparative quantifiers such as more than three students. The prevalent view on such expressions advocated in Generalized Quantifier Theory is that they denoted generalized quantifiers ranging over individuals - entirely on a par with expressions like every student, some student(s), etc. According to this view, more than three is a determiner (like every) that is, even though morpho-syntactically complex, semantically a simplex expression that can be viewed as denoting a relation between sets of individuals. The proposal that will be developed in this thesis on the other hand maintains that expressions like more than three are also semantically complex. More specifically, an analysis of comparative quantifiers will be given that is fully compositional down to level of the formation of comparative determiners. The proposal is based on concepts that are independently needed to analyze comparative constructions. Three main pieces will be argued to form the semantic and syntactic core of comparative quantifiers: a degree function expressed by many, a degree description given by the numeral (which will be analyzed as measure phrase) and the comparative relation expressed by the comparative morpheme -er. Importantly, each of the three pieces can be empirically shown to interact in predictably (and partially independent) ways with elements inside the quantifier as well as with elements in the matrix clause. These interactions are unexpected unless comparative quantifiers are built in the syntax. Giving a fully compositional analysis is therefore not just conceptually appealing but also required to explain new empirical generalizations. The more general enterprise that this thesis hopes pave the way is giving a uniform and fully compositional analysis of comparative quantificational structures that does not exist so far.
by Martin Hackl.
Ph.D.

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Müller, Torsten. "Football, language and linguistics time-critical utterances in unplanned spoken language, their structures and their relation to non-linguistic situations and events /". Tübingen : Narr, 2007. http://books.google.com/books?id=mlhiAAAAMAAJ.

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Haugen, Jason D. "Issues in comparative Uto-Aztecan morphosyntax". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290110.

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This dissertation seeks to test recent important theoretical ideas in the Principles and Parameters and Distributed Morphology frameworks against data from the relatively under-studied Uto-Aztecan languages. In this work I focus on the morphology of reduplication, noun incorporation and related derivational morphology, and the diachronic development of the polysynthetic morphological type in one sub-branch of the family (Corachol-Aztecan). With respect to prosodic morphology, I argue that the comparative Uto-Aztecan evidence suggests that reduplicants should be viewed as morphological pieces, and I analyze them as Vocabulary Items inserted into syntactic slots at Morphological Structure. I also argue that the evidence of cognate reduplication patterns across Uto-Aztecan supports a prosodic view of morphology, as well as the constraint-ranking approach to morphophonology. With respect to noun incorporation and derivational morphology, I argue that the comparative Uto-Aztecan evidence supports the view that denominal verbs are a sub-class of noun-incorporating verbs. I survey the noun incorporation types in Uto-Aztecan and classify NI in these languages into four types: N-V compounding, syntactic NI, classificatory NI, and "object polysynthesis". I offer a unified syntactic account of these types, maintaining that each is formed via head-movement in syntax. I provide a novel approach to hyponomous objects, suggesting that these are in argument positions, and that they are derived via the Late Insertion of material that is not cognate to the incorporated noun, but which is inserted into the lower copy of a movement chain. Non-theme "nominal" roots incorporated into verbs, such as instrumental prefixes, are analyzed as adverbial elements Merged directly into the verbal position. Finally, I argue that this theoretical analysis of NI leads naturally to a diachronic account of the development of polysynthesis in Nahuatl. I show that the crucial aspects of polysynthesis, subject and object pronominal marking on the verb as well as syntactic noun incorporation, have analogues elsewhere in Uto-Aztecan, and I offer a reconstruction of the likely stages of the development of polysynthesis in Nahuatl, each of which have attestation elsewhere in the family.

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Silvestri, Sara. "A Comparative Analysis of Donald Trump's and Hillary Clinton's Political Discourse". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/16545/.

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In this dissertation, I carry out an analysis of Hillary Clinton's and Donald Trump's political discourse in the 2016 US presidential campaign, in order to identify non-obvious meanings and patterns in their distinctive use of language. This comparison is carried out using a corpus-assisted approach, taking advantage of tools developed within corpus linguistics, such as the corpus query tool 'AntConc'. Based on the comparison of lists of keywords for both corpora, the analysis highlights aspects of their political rhetoric that would not be noticeable by simply reading the transcripts.

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Siddiki, Asma Azam. "Developmental and behavioural studies in English and Arabic inflectional morphology". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269485.

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Loffredo, Eugenia. "The translator's voyage into madness : an experimental translation of Jeanne Hyvrad's MeÌ€re la mort". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268578.

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Morgan, Tricia. "A comparative study of hypernymic patterns for knowledge extraction". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ58487.pdf.

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Ozbeck, Nurdan. "Discourse markers in Turkish and English : a comparative study". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.281623.

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Matsinhe, Sozinho Francisco. "Pronominal clitics in Tsonga and Mozambican Portuguese : a comparative study". Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1997. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/28507/.

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This thesis contrasts the system of pronominal clitics (also known as subject and object markers) in Tsonga, a Bantu language spoken in Mozambique, with that of European Portuguese; and seeks to establish how the co-existence of the two languages in the bilingual section of the community is reflected in the variety of Portuguese spoken by Tsonga native speakers, referred to here as "Popular Mozambican Portuguese (PMP)". The theoretical framework within which the languages are analyzed is Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG), which has been used extensively in the past for describing subject and object markers in Bantu languages. In addition, it has a mechanism for differentiating between grammatical and anaphoric agreement, which is a central issue in the syntax of Tsonga and European Portuguese pronominal clitics. Chapter 1 outlines the aims of the thesis, and the structure and administration of the questionnaire used to investigate the usage of pronominal clitics in PMP. It also discusses the position of Tsonga and European Portuguese in the Mozambican constellation of languages; and presents the main aspects of LFG relevant to the thesis. Chapter 2 discusses the Tsonga class and number system and the European Portuguese systems of number, gender and case, features of which are signalled by the pronominal clitics. Chapter 3 looks at the argument structure and syntax of verbs in both languages, focusing on the types of objects selected by different verbs, and on the ways such objects are marked in these languages. Furthermore, this chapter also considers Tsonga verbs which are derived by means of the applicative and causative affixes. Chapter 4 is the core of the thesis. For, while dealing with the subject and object pronominal clitics in Tsonga and European Portuguese, concentrating on the main distributional and functional differences between them, it seeks to determine the conditions under which the pronominal clitics mark anaphoric agreement and grammatical agreement in the two languages. It also provides an account of independent pronouns in Tsonga and European Portuguese, paying particularattention to their discourse functions. Chapter 5 discusses the Tsonga reflexive marker, comparing it with its counterpart in European Portuguese and considering its distribution and the effects on the verbs that host it. It also argues that while the situation of the reflexive markers in other Bantu languages remains unclear in the literature, the Tsonga reflexive marker is nothing more than a derivational suffix and, therefore, should be treated in conjunction with the applicative, causative, passive and reciprocal affixes. Chapter 6 discusses the pattern of grammatical variation found in the forms and function of the pronominal clitics in PMP, concluding with a general consideration as regards the future of the Portuguese language in Mozambique. Chapter 7 contains concluding remarks which highlight the the results of the thesis.

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Libri sul tema "Comparative linguistics"

Brogyanyi, Bela, e Reiner Lipp, a cura di. Comparative-Historical Linguistics. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.97.

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Pilch, Herbert. Comparative Anglo-German linguistics. Aachen: Shaker Verlag, 1999.

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Raimo, Anttila, a cura di. Historical and comparative linguistics. 2^a ed. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub. Co., 1989.

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Szabó, László. More papers in comparative linguistics. [Toronto]: Hungarian Studies Association of Canada, 1997.

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Szabó, László. Four papers in comparative linguistics. [Toronto]: Hungarian Studies Association of Canada, 1997.

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Peiros, Ilia. Comparative linguistics in Southeast Asia. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, RSPAS, Australian National University, 1998.

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Peiros, Ilia. Comparative linguistics in Southeast Asia. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, National University of Australia, 1998.

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Frank, Boers, Darquennes Jeroen e Temmerman Rita, a cura di. Multilingualism and applied comparative linguistics. Newcastle, UK: Cambridge Scholars, 2007.

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Trask, R. L. Historical linguistics. London: Arnold, 1996.

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Szemerényi, Oswald John Louis. Introduction to Indo-European linguistics. 5^a ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Comparative linguistics"

Alexiadou, Artemis, Jorge Hankamer, Thomas McFadden, Justin Nuger e Florian Schäfer. "Advances in Comparative Germanic Syntax". In Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today, vii—xvi. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/la.141.01adv.

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Dench, Alan. "Comparative Reconstitution". In Historical Linguistics 1995, 57. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.161.05den.

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Cohen, Dana. "A comparative perspective on intensive reflexives". In Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today, 139–68. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/la.165.06coh.

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Millar, Robert McColl. "The comparative method". In Trask's Historical Linguistics, 189–232. 4^a ed. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003125136-8.

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Mattila, Heikki ES. "Comparative Legal Linguistics". In Elgar Encyclopedia of Comparative Law. Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781839105609.linguistics.

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Campbell, L. "Linguistics: Comparative Method". In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 8929–32. Elsevier, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b0-08-043076-7/03054-0.

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Dimmendaal, Gerrit J. "Comparative African Linguistics". In The Cambridge Handbook of African Linguistics, 139–65. Cambridge University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108283991.007.

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Lundmark, Thomas. "Comparative Legal Linguistics". In Charting the Divide Between Common and Civil Law, 51–88. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199738823.003.0002.

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Consani, Carlo. "Comparative Historical Linguistics". In Reference Module in Social Sciences. Elsevier, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-95504-1.00004-1.

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"The comparative method". In Historical Linguistics, 160–80. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203416433-15.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Comparative linguistics"

Li, Jian, e Qingming Li. "Comparative Study between Traditional Grammar and Modern Linguistics". In International Conference on Education, Management, Commerce and Society. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/emcs-15.2015.59.

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Febianti, Dike, Nuny Sulistiany I. e Sri Wiyanti. "Cognate in Indonesian and Berau Language - Comparative Linguistics Study". In Tenth International Conference on Applied Linguistics and First International Conference on Language, Literature and Culture. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0007173807160719.

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Kryshtop, Ludmila. "Schlegel and the Beginning of Comparative Linguistics in Europe". In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Contemporary Education, Social Sciences and Humanities (ICCESSH 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iccessh-19.2019.223.

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Kazartsev, Evgeny, e Tatiana Zemskova. "A New Electronic System for Comparative Analysis of Verse and Prose". In Computational Linguistics and Intellectual Technologies. Russian State University for the Humanities, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2075-7182-2021-20-378-384.

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Sampath, G. "An application of neural nets to comparative linguistics (abstract only)". In the 19th annual conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/327164.328852.

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Iso, Hayate, Xiaolan Wang, Stefanos Angelidis e Yoshihiko Suhara. "Comparative Opinion Summarization via Collaborative Decoding". In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2022. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2022.findings-acl.261.

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ALIC, Liliana. "LA RECENSION DE TEXTE ET LE TEXTE SCIENTIFIQUE: UN AIR DE FAMILLE? IS THERE A FAMILY RESEMBLANCE BETWEEN BOOK REVIEW AND SCIENTIFIC TEXT?" In Synergies in Communication. Editura ASE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/sic/2021/01.02.

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Book reviews, as well as scientific texts, are unanimously appreciated for their formative and informative value. In order to highlight specific features of both types of texts, a comparative analysis will be used, based on cognitive theory, mainly the prototype theory and the family resemblance theory, and a corpus linguistics methodology. The article pursues various aspects of communication of scientific information in these two types of texts in point of lexical units and other linguistic means.

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Moret, Sébastien. "A. MEILLET ABOUT N. YA. MARR: AN OVERLOOK". In 49th International Philological Conference in Memory of Professor Ludmila Verbitskaya (1936–2019). St. Petersburg State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288062353.12.

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At the beginning of the 20th century, the French Antoine Meillet (1866–1936) and the Soviet Nikolaj Yakovlevich Marr (1864–1934) were probably the most prominent linguists in their respective “worlds”: Meillet, in Western Europe, as the chief of the Indo-European comparative linguistics, and, in the Soviet Union, Marr as the herald of the so-called Marxist Soviet linguistics. These two approaches generally considered antagonistic, but that did not prevent Marr and Meillet from maintaining contacts, corresponding with each other for many years and knowing about their respective research. First, this paper aims to present the contacts these two linguists had, focusing on the correspondence between Meillet and Marr. Secondly, the paper examines what Meillet thought about Marr and his theories, on the basis, in particular, of the numerous reviews that Meillet wrote about Marr’s works. Refs 11.

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Klubkova, Tat’iana V. "JOHANN SEVERIN VATER AND SAMOYEDS". In 49th International Philological Conference in Memory of Professor Ludmila Verbitskaya (1936–2019). St. Petersburg State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288062353.11.

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The purpose of the article is to show the process of formatting a new kind of linguistics, a contribution by A. Schlözer and I. S. Vater of their version of modern linguistics based on the Samoyed (Nenets) language research. The article demonstrates the way the researchers have arrived at their conclusions through careful selection of sources, both published and archived. The 18th century, the “age of systematics”, complete with a new division of sciences, arrived at the transformation of ethnography and linguistics into independent disciplines. Those were prerequisites for the emergence of comparative- historical linguistics. Using the Samoyed language studies as an example, the article examines Schlözer and Vater’s solution of the problems arising in identifying linguistic kinship: the lack of grammatical descriptions and the difficulties of reliable fixation of a non-written language. The works by Vater are the most significant precursors for the first grammar of the Samoyed language, i. e. The Samoyed Grammar by M. Castrén (1854). Schlözer insisted that the Samoyeds were an independent people, and that the section of his Northern History devoted to their community was a traditional comprehensive description of history, geography, customs, and language. The author determines the place of the Samoyed language among the neighboring peoples, critically analyzing the sources while offering a thematic Latin-Samoyed dictionary. Schlözer’s materials were later referred to in the Comparative Dictionaries… by P. S. Pallas. I. S. Vater, realizing the need for a new classification of sciences, headed the department of ethnography and linguistics, thus re-defining the object of linguistics. Regularly addressing the Samoyed language, as well as publishing texts, dictionaries and grammar notes in it, both addressing his informants and actively cooperating with the international academic community, Vater placed the Samoyed language into a rich academic context. The activities of the conscientious and impartial authors in their particular academic field demonstrates a long process of introducing their new information into circulation, together with changes of visual description: from a mixed description (by Schlözer) to the distinction between ethnography and linguistics (Vater). Refs 12.

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Wang, T. "COMPARATIVE STUDY OF RUSSIAN AND CHINESE SONGS PATRIOTISM SEMANTICS". In ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF LINGUISTICS AND LITERARY STUDIES. TSU Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/978-5-907442-02-3-2021-52.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Comparative linguistics"

Torbay, Lara. Linguistic Minority Rights in Turkey, Iraq, and Lebanon. Fribourg (Switzerland): IFF, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51363/unifr.diff.2023.39.

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Linguistic Minority Rights (LMR) are gaining importance in a context of ever-increasing linguistic homogenization. This loss of language diversity is due to eminently political factors lying at the core of the nation state. With this premise, this paper seeks to analyze and compare the way LMR are embedded and implemented in Turkey, Iraq, and Lebanon, all Near East countries hosting astounding linguistic and cultural diversity. After a short introduction to LMR in general, their embedment in the three states at hand is examined, through both political and cultural contextualization, and a legal analysis. This comparative approach highlights that decentralized governments allow more room to linguistic minorities. Further, a pluralistic approach to languages should be embedded in constitutional law, to then be detailed further in more precise and enforce-able LMR.

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Velychko, Zoriana, e Roman Sotnyk. LINGUISTIC PRESENTATION AND TERMINOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE HOLODOMOR OF THE 1920s AND 1930s. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, marzo 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2024.54-55.12166.

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The article reveals and analyses a wide range of terms for the Holodomor of the 1920s and 1930s in Ukraine. The main objectives of the study are to find out the peculiarities of the linguistic presentation of the Holodomor phenomenon in scientific, popular science, and journalistic discourses, and to reveal semantic differences in the use of various terms for the Holodomor used in different languages. The main methodological bases of the study are linguistic analysis, socio-cultural method, qualitative content analysis, comparative method, etc. The method of retrospection must be used to substantiate the hypothesis. Thus, the reasons for the formation of the semantic contours of the terms “Holodomor”, “Famine”, “Great Famine”, “Terror by Famine”, “Big Hunger”, etc. were clarified. At the same time, the semantic nuances of word use are identified. As a conclusion, the authors substantiate the fundamental importance of using the term “Holodomor-genocide” in scientific circulation as the one that most accurately represents the essence of the historical phenomenon of the Holodomor. Based on the analysis of the documents, the content of the term “genocide” is formulated. It is explained that the Holodomor is genocide of the Ukrainian people, just as the Holocaust is genocide of the Jewish people. The authors prove the anti-Ukrainian orientation of the consistent and deliberate policy of Stalin and his followers against the Ukrainian nation, which culminated in the murder by starvation. These research findings are significant not only for the development of Ukrainian terminology or international terminology. They are also of great importance for modern politics, political science and historiography, and jurisprudence, especially in the context of a new genocide – the Russian Federation’s full-scale war of aggression against Ukraine. Keywords: Holodomor; genocide; Ukraine; Stalin’s terror; terminology.

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Terzyan, Aram. The State of Minority Rights in Uzbekistan: A Comparative Analysis of Tajiks, Russians, and Koreans. Eurasia Institutes, dicembre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47669/erd-1-2023.

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This paper examines the state of minority rights in Uzbekistan, focusing on three significant ethnic groups: Tajiks, Russians, and Koreans. It explores the historical context of these minorities, the cultural and linguistic challenges they face, socioeconomic issues, and their political representation. Under the authoritarian rule of Islam Karimov, Uzbekistan emphasized a unified Uzbek identity, often marginalizing minority cultures and languages. Despite President Shavkat Mirziyoyev’s reforms aimed at improving human rights, including the establishment of a Human Rights Ombudsman and the Development Strategy for 2017-2021, significant challenges remain. Legislative initiatives such as the draft Law on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of National Minorities and efforts to enhance cultural policies have had mixed success. This analysis highlights the need for comprehensive measures to ensure robust legal protections, equitable resource allocation, and genuine political inclusion for all ethnic minorities in Uzbekistan. The international community’s role in advocating for these rights is also discussed, emphasizing the gap between policy and practice in protecting minority rights in Uzbekistan.

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Willis, Craig, Will Hughes e Sergiusz Bober. ECMI Minorities Blog. National and Linguistic Minorities in the Context of Professional Football across Europe: Five Examples from Kin-State Situations. European Centre for Minority Issues, giugno 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53779/sbcm3981.

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A strong aspect of civil society, football clubs are often a visible marker of identity and this can be especially so in regions with a distinct culture or language. In a follow-up blogpost to their piece on five football clubs in non-kin state settings, the authors expand to analyse five clubs from kin-state settings across Europe. Looking at the political landscape in which the clubs operate as well as the visible linguistic difference from the majority population, the blogpost offers a variety of examples ranging in their degrees of salience. The kin-state aspect brings in a third actor alongside the minority and majority population, with the extent to which the kin is actively involved being one of the differing variables identified. In addition, this blogpost also features extended conclusionary paragraphs which bring in the comparative dimension of kin-state/non-kin-state across the ten clubs analysed in the two blogposts.

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Kapelyushnyi, Anatolyi. TRANSFORMATION OF FORMS OF DEGREES OF COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES IN LIVE TELEVISION BROADCASTING. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, marzo 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11105.

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The article analyzes transformation of forms of degrees of comparison of adjectives in live television broadcasting. Particular attention is paid to the specific properties of different forms of degrees of comparison of adjectives. To analyze the peculiarities of their use for errors in speech of television journalists, associated with non-compliance with linguistic norms on ways to avoid these errors, to make appropriate recommendations to television journalists. The main method we use is to observe the speech of live TV journalist, we used during the study methods of comparative analysis of comparison of theoretical positions from the work of individual linguists and journalism sat down as well as texts that sounded in the speech of journalists. Our objective is to trace these transformations and develop a certain attitude towards them in our researches of the language of the media and practicing journalists to support positive trends in the development of the broadcasting on TV and give recommendations for overcoming certain negative trends. Improving the live broadcasting of television journalists, in particular the work on deepening the language skills will contribute to the modernization of some trends in the reasonable expediency of the transformation of certain phenomena, modernization of some tendencies concerning the reasonable expedient transformation of separate grammatical phenomena and categories and at braking and in general stopping of processes of transformation of negative unreasonable not expedient. This fully applies primarily to attempts to transform the forms of degrees of comparison of adjectives and this explains importance of the results achieved in these study.

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Chornodon, Myroslava. FEAUTURES OF GENDER IN MODERN MASS MEDIA. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, febbraio 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11064.

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The article clarifies of gender identity stereotypes in modern media. The main gender stereotypes covered in modern mass media are analyzed and refuted. The model of gender relations in the media is reflected mainly in the stereotypical images of men and woman. The features of the use of gender concepts in modern periodicals for women and men were determined. The most frequently used derivatives of these macroconcepts were identified and analyzed in detail. It has been found that publications for women and men are full of various gender concepts that are used in different contexts. Ingeneral, theanalysisofthe concept-maximums and concept-minimum gender and their characteristics is carried out in the context of gender stereotypes that have been forme dand function in the society, system atizing the a ctual presentations. The study of the gender concept is relevant because it reveals new trends and features of modern gender images. Taking into account the special features of gender-labeled periodicals in general and the practical absence of comprehensive scientific studies of the gender concept in particular, there is a need to supplement Ukrainian science with this topic. Gender psychology, which is served by methods of various sciences, primarily sociological, pedagogical, linguistic, psychological, socio-psychological. Let us pay attention to linguistic and psycholinguistic methods in gender studies. Linguistic methods complement intelligence research tasks, associated with speech, word and text. Psycholinguistic methods used in gender psychology (semantic differential, semantic integral, semantic analysis of words and texts), aimed at studying speech messages, specific mechanisms of origin and perception, functions of speech activity in society, studying the relationship between speech messages and gender properties participants in the communication, to analyze the linguistic development in connection with the general development of the individual. Nowhere in gender practice there is the whole arsenal of psychological methods that allow you to explore psychological peculiarities of a person like observation, experiments, questionnaires, interviews, testing, modeling, etc. The methods of psychological self-diagnostics include: the gender aspect of the own socio-psychological portrait, a gender biography as a variant of the biographical method, aimed at the reconstruction of individual social experience. In the process of writing a gender autobiography, a person can understand the characteristics of his gender identity, as well as ways and means of their formation. Socio-psychological methods of studying gender include the study of socially constructed women’s and men’s roles, relationships and identities, sexual characteristics, psychological characteristics, etc. The use of gender indicators and gender approaches as a means of socio-psychological and sociological analysis broadens the subject boundaries of these disciplines and makes them the subject of study within these disciplines. And also, in the article a combination of concrete-historical, structural-typological, system-functional methods is implemented. Descriptive and comparative methods, method of typology, modeling are used. Also used is a method of content analysis for the study of gender content of modern gender-stamped journals. It was he who allowed quantitatively to identify and explore the features of the gender concept in the pages of periodicals for women and men. A combination of historical, structural-typological, system-functional methods is also implemented in the article. Descriptive and comparative methods, method of typology, modeling are used. A method of content analysis for the study of gender content of modern gender-labeled journals is also used. It allowed to identify and explore the features of the gender concept quantitatively in the periodicals for women and men. The conceptual perception and interpretation of the gender concept «woman», which is highlighted in the modern gender-labeled press in Ukraine, requires the elaboration of the polyfunctionality of gender interpretations, the comprehension of the metaphorical perception of this image and its role and purpose in society. A gendered approach to researching the gender content of contemporary periodicals for women and men. Conceptual analysis of contemporary gender-stamped publications within the gender conceptual sphere allows to identify and correlate the meta-gender and gender concepts that appear in society.

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Kapelyushnyi, Anatolyi. TRANSFORMATION OF WORD-FORMS DURING THEIR SPONTANEOUS CREATION IN LIVE TELEVISION BROADCASTIN: ADJECTIVES ADVERBS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, febbraio 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2022.51.11409.

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The article analyzes transformation of word-forms during spontaneous creation in live television broadcasting. Particular attention is paid to adjectives adverbs. The specific properties of adverbs makes it easier to trace general trends in their transformations, because adverbs are not burdened with many different forms and their variations, that occur in the process of word change of some other class of words at the same time adverbiatives allow to analyze in more detail the semantical and grammatical structure of speech. The main method we use is to observe the speech of live TV journalist, we used during the study methods of comparative analysis of comparison of theoretical positions from the work of individual linguists and journalists. Our objective is to trace these transformations and develop a certain attitude towards them in our researches of the language of the media and practicing journalists to support positive trends in the development of the broadcasting on TV and give recommendations for overcoming certain negative trends. All studies of the problems of transformation of grammatical forms in different ways relate to translation studies, mostly investigate the grammatical transformations, that the translator resorted to, when reproducing the original by means of another language. At first glance, it would be logical, if the live speech of television journalists was dominated by transformations? Associated with the translation from internal to foreign broadcasting in cases where natural for this TV journalists is Russian-speaking internal broadcasting and he reproducing the text from internal Russian-speaking. The transformation of grammatical forms however this cannot be seen in the live use of adverbiatives. An interesting trend can also be seen in the transformation of different types of grammatical forms. In particular, negative interference is mostly characteristic of the forms of corporate adverbs. Forms of the same word with the same grammatical meaning is such overlapping of two forms of the same grammatical meaning is practically impossible outside of adjectives adverbial and adjectives themselves. Only a small number of transformations are associated with the forms of superlatives.

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