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1
Lang, Ernie, e Greg Rumbold. "The effectiveness of community-based interventions to reduce violence in and around licensed premises: a comparison of three Australian models". Contemporary Drug Problems 24, n. 4 (dicembre 1997): 805–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009145099702400408.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The findings of the Australian National Committee on Violence and the outcomes of a National Symposium on Alcohol and Violence have encouraged an interest in locally based initiatives to deal with the problem of alcohol-related violence in and around licensed premises in Australia. The first initiatives to emerge were in the form of local accords between police and licensees, with varying degrees of input and support from local government, licensing authorities, the various liquor industry associations, and the local community. To date none of these accords has had any legislative backing nor been underpinned by signed agreements, relying solely on the cooperation of the various parties. The early success claimed by the pioneering accords has resulted in their proliferation throughout Australia. This paper reviews three of the better-known accords, the West End Forum Project, the Surfers Paradise Safety Action Project, and the Geelong Local Industry Accord. Some general conclusions are made regarding the factors that are important with respect to the sustainability and efficacy of these approaches.
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HANCOCK, LYNNE, ROB SANSON-FISHER, SALLY REDMAN, ROBERT BURTON, LOUISE BURTON, JIM BUTLER, ROBERT GIBBERD et al. "Community action for cancer prevention: overview of the Cancer Action in Rural Towns (CART) project, Australia". Health Promotion International 11, n. 4 (1996): 277–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/11.4.277.
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King, Rosie, Michael Bentley, Charlie Murray e Fran Baum. "Regional Health Development Partnerships". Australian Journal of Primary Health 5, n. 3 (1999): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py99039.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper outlines a project funded by the World Health Organization (WHO) in the Hills Mallee Southern Region of rural South Australia. The project involves trialling guidelines produced by the WHO to assist regional health services to develop and support partnerships for health development with community groups and organisations. The guidelines suggest the following steps: identifying what Health Development Structures exist in their region by making an inventory of community groups and organisations in their area; analysing them for potential collaboration; and building sustainable alliances for health promotion and joint action on broader health issues. Six hundred community groups and organisations were identified and from the responses an inventory summarising the activities of 228 groups has been prepared. Seventy five percent of these groups and organisations consider that their activities relate to health and 28% have worked with a health service, although few had participated in 'joint projects' with the formal health sector. Detailed case studies were conducted with five groups from which a set of principles for partnership development was established.
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Cox, Adele, Pat Dudgeon, Christopher Holland, Kerrie Kelly, Clair Scrine e Roz Walker. "Using participatory action research to prevent suicide in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities". Australian Journal of Primary Health 20, n. 4 (2014): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py14043.
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The National Empowerment Project is an innovative Aboriginal-led community empowerment project that has worked with eight Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities across Australia over the period 2012–13. The aim of the Project was to develop, deliver and evaluate a program to: (1) promote positive social and emotional well-being to increase resilience and reduce the high reported rates of psychological distress and suicide among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people; and (2) empower communities to take action to address the social determinants that contribute to psychological distress, suicide and self-harm. Using a participatory action research approach, the communities were supported to identify the risk factors challenging individuals, families and communities, as well as strategies to strengthen protective factors against these challenges. Data gathered during Stage 1 were used to develop a 12-month program to promote social and emotional well-being and build resilience within each community. A common framework, based on the social and emotional well-being concept, was used to support each community to target community-identified protective factors and strategies to strengthen individual, family and community social and emotional well-being. Strengthening the role of culture is critical to this approach and marks an important difference between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and non-Indigenous mental health promotion and prevention activities, including suicide prevention. It has significant implications for policy makers and service providers and is showing positive impact through the translation of research into practice, for example through the development of a locally run empowerment program that aims to address the social determinants of health and their ongoing negative impact on individuals, families and communities. It also provides a framework in which to develop and strengthen culture, connectedness and foster self-determination, through better-informed policy based on community-level holistic responses and solutions as opposed to an exclusive focus on single-issue deficit approaches.
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Buchanan, Fiona. "Zero Tolerance in South Australia: A Statewide Community Initiative". Australian Journal of Primary Health 2, n. 1 (1996): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py96013.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The Zero Tolerance Campaign against violence to women and children is a hard hitting, controversial campaign designed to raise public awareness and provoke debate about male abuse of power in the areas of domestic violence, rape and sexual assault, and child sexual abuse. Zero Tolerance is also an example of best practice in cross sectoral co-operation. The campaign comprises a statewide initiative involving the Health Promotion Unit of the South Australian Health Commission, the Domestic Violence Resource Unit, Family and Community Services, community health workers and local community action groups throughout the state. The process of bringing together a wide range of individuals from very different backgrounds and differing perspectives to work collaboratively on a controversial, innovative project led to extensive examination and defining of the issues involved. The planning process included a microcosm of the debate which Zero Tolerance intends to generate in the community. Resolution of the issues raised, employed many of the strategies developed and identified as best practice in the field of primary health care. The paper explores the challenges and rewards in the context of working collaboratively through the planning of a controversial initiative and identifies the merits of a campaign which has built on a diverse range of knowledge. Zero Tolerance, as a campaign, has the scope to be adapted in a variety of culturally and socially diverse initiatives as it becomes identified as an example of international best practice developed to stop violence against women and children.
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Tannous, Wadad Kathy, Moin Uddin Ahmed, James Rufus John, Graham Reece e Golo Ahlenstiel. "Estimating the Economic Burden of Low Health Literacy in the Blacktown Community in Sydney, Australia: A Population-Based Study". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, n. 5 (26 febbraio 2021): 2303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052303.
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Evidence shows that inadequate or low health literacy (LHL) levels are significantly associated with economic ramifications at the individual, employer, and health care system levels. Therefore, this study aims to estimate the economic burden of LHL among a culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) community in Blacktown: a local government area (LGA) in Sydney, Australia. This study is a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from publicly available datasets, including 2011 and 2016 census data and National Health Survey (NHS) data (2017–2018) from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), and figures on Disease Expenditure in Australia for 2015–2016 provided by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW). This study found that 20% of Blacktown residents reported low levels of active engagement with health care providers (Domain 6 of the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ)), with 14% reporting a limited understanding of the health information required to take action towards improving health or making health care decisions (Domain 9 of the HLQ). The overall extra/delta cost (direct and indirect health care costs) associated with LHL in the Blacktown LGA was estimated to be between $11,785,528 and $15,432,239 in 2020. This is projected to increase to between $18,922,844 and $24,191,911 in 2030. Additionally, the extra disability-adjusted life year (DALY) value in 2020, for all chronic diseases and age-groups—comprising the extra costs incurred due to years of life lost (YLL) and years lived with disability (YLD)—was estimated at $414,231,335. The findings of our study may enable policymakers to have a deeper understanding of the economic burden of LHL in terms of its impact on the health care system and the production economy.
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Emden, Carolyn, Inge Kowanko, Charlotte de Crespigny e Helen Murray. "Better medication management for Indigenous Australians: findings from the field". Australian Journal of Primary Health 11, n. 1 (2005): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py05011.
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This paper reports findings from interviews and focus groups conducted within a multi-dimensional action research project concerning medication management among Indigenous Australians. Participants were Aboriginal people with mental health problems, carers and family members, and health and social service workers from different regions in South Australia. A meta-analysis of findings from each regional project component was conducted, and major themes conceptualised and developed into a coherent summary. The findings revealed problems of a magnitude not previously realised - mental health problems (including alcohol and drug problems) and medication management among Aboriginal people clearly are major issues requiring immediate and sustained attention if the health and welfare of the Australian Indigenous population are to be improved. Findings concerned eight major areas: social and emotional wellbeing issues; stressors on Aboriginal health services and providers; training for the Aboriginal health workforce; mainstream health services for Aboriginal people; trust and confidentiality within Aboriginal health services; English language literacy and numeracy skills of Aboriginal clients; remote living arrangements for many Aboriginal people; problems with alcohol use; and institutionalised and individual racism in the community at large.
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Panzera, Annette June, Richard Murray, Ruth Stewart, Jane Mills, Neil Beaton e Sarah Larkins. "Regional health workforce planning through action research: lessons for commissioning health services from a case study in Far North Queensland". Australian Journal of Primary Health 22, n. 1 (2016): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py15149.
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Creating a stable and sustainable health workforce in regional, rural and remote Australia has long been a challenge to health workforce planners, policy makers and researchers alike. Traditional health workforce planning is often reactive and assumes continuation of current patterns of healthcare utilisation. This demonstration project in Far North Queensland exemplifies how participatory regional health workforce planning processes can accurately model current and projected local workforce requirements. The recent establishment of Primary Health Networks (PHNs) with the intent to commission health services tailored to individual healthcare needs underlines the relevance of such an approach. This study used action research methodology informed by World Health Organization (WHO) systems thinking. Four cyclical stages of health workforce planning were followed: needs assessment; health service model redesign; skills-set assessment and workforce redesign; and development of a workforce and training plan. This study demonstrated that needs-based loco-regional health workforce planning can be achieved successfully through participatory processes with stakeholders. Stronger health systems and workforce training solutions were delivered by facilitating linkages and planning processes based on community need involving healthcare professionals across all disciplines and sectors. By focusing upon extending competencies and skills sets, local health professionals form a stable and sustainable local workforce. Concrete examples of initiatives generated from this process include developing a chronic disease inter-professional teaching clinic in a rural town and renal dialysis being delivered locally to an Aboriginal community. The growing trend of policy makers decentralising health funding, planning and accountability and rising health system costs increase the future utility of this approach. This type of planning can also assist the new PHNs to commission health services that meet the needs of the population and contribute to service and system improvement and innovation.
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O'Sullivan, Belinda, Helen Hickson, Rebecca Kippen, Donna Cohen, Phil Cohen e Glen Wallace. "A Framework to Guide the Implementation of Best Practice Clinical Learning Environments in Community General Practice: Australia". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, n. 4 (4 febbraio 2021): 1482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041482.
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Clinical education/training is increasingly being expanded to community general practice settings (primary care clinics led by doctors). This plays an important role in developing a skilled “primary-care ready” workforce. However, there is limited information to guide the implementation of high-quality learning environments suitable for the range of general practices and clinical learners they oversee. We aimed to develop a consensus-based framework to address this. A co-design participatory action research method involved working with stakeholders to agree a project plan, collect and interpret data and endorse a final framework. As a starting point, an initial draft framework was adapted from an existing framework, the Best Practice Clinical Learning Environment (BPCLE) Framework. We gathered feedback about this from a national GP Supervisor Liaison Officer Network (SLON) (experienced GP clinical supervisors) during a 90-minute face-to-face focus group. They rated their agreement with the relevance of objectives and elements, advising on clear terminology and rationale for including/excluding various components. The resulting framework was refined and re-tested with the SLON and wider GP educational stakeholders until a final graphically designed version was endorsed. The resulting “GP Clinical Learning Environment” (GPCLE) Framework is applicable for planning and benchmarking best practice learning environments in general practice.
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Ollis, Debbie, e Lyn Harrison. "Lessons in building capacity in sexuality education using the health promoting school framework". Health Education 116, n. 2 (1 febbraio 2016): 138–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/he-08-2014-0084.
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Purpose – The health promoting school model is rarely implemented in relation to sexuality education. This paper reports on data collected as part of a five-year project designed to implement a health promoting and whole school approach to sexuality education in a five campus year 1-12 college in regional Victoria, Australia. Using a community engagement focus involving local and regional stakeholders and with a strong research into practice component, the project is primarily concerned with questions of capacity building, impact and sustainability as part of whole school change. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach – Using an action research design, data were collected from parents, students, teachers and key community stakeholders using a mixed methods approach involving surveys, interviews, document analysis and participant observation. Findings – Sexuality education has become a key school policy and has been implemented from years 1 to 9. Teachers and key support staff have engaged in professional learning, a mentor program has been set up, a community engagement/parent liaison position has been created, and parent forums have been conducted on all five campuses. Research limitations/implications – The translation of research into practice can be judged by the impact it has on teacher capacity and the students’ experience. Classroom observation and more longitudinal research would shed light on whether the espoused changes are happening in reality. Originality/value – This paper reports on lessons learned and the key enabling factors that have built capacity to ensure that sexuality education within a health promoting, whole school approach will remain sustainable into the future. These findings will be relevant to others interested in building capacity in sexuality education and health promotion more generally.
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Haynes, Emma, Minitja Marawili, Brendan Makungun Marika, Alice G. Mitchell, Jodi Phillips, Dawn Bessarab, Roz Walker, Jeff Cook e Anna P. Ralph. "Community-based participatory action research on rheumatic heart disease in an Australian Aboriginal homeland: Evaluation of the ‘On track watch’ project". Evaluation and Program Planning 74 (giugno 2019): 38–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2019.02.010.
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James, Sarah W., e Sharon Friel. "An integrated approach to identifying and characterising resilient urban food systems to promote population health in a changing climate". Public Health Nutrition 18, n. 13 (10 aprile 2015): 2498–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015000610.
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AbstractObjectiveTo determine key points of intervention in urban food systems to improve the climate resilience, equity and healthfulness of the whole system.DesignThe paper brings together evidence from a 3-year, Australia-based mixed-methods research project focused on climate change adaptation, cities, food systems and health. In an integrated analysis of the three research domains – encompassing the production, distribution and consumption sectors of the food chain – the paper examines the efficacy of various food subsystems (industrial, alternative commercial and civic) in achieving climate resilience and good nutrition.SettingGreater Western Sydney, Australia.SubjectsPrimary producers, retailers and consumers in Western Sydney.ResultsThis overarching analysis of the tripartite study found that: (i) industrial food production systems can be more environmentally sustainable than alternative systems, indicating the importance of multiple food subsystems for food security; (ii) a variety of food distributors stocking healthy and sustainable items is required to ensure that these items are accessible, affordable and available to all; and (iii) it is not enough that healthy and sustainable foods are produced or sold, consumers must also want to consume them. In summary, a resilient urban food system requires that healthy and sustainable food items are produced, that consumers can attain them and that they actually wish to purchase them.ConclusionsThis capstone paper found that the interconnected nature of the different sectors in the food system means that to improve environmental sustainability, equity and population health outcomes, action should focus on the system as a whole and not just on any one sector.
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Edokpolo, Benjamin, Nathalie Allaz-Barnett, Catherine Irwin, Jason Issa, Pete Curtis, Bronwyn Green, Ivan Hanigan e Martine Dennekamp. "Developing a Conceptual Framework for Environmental Health Tracking in Victoria, Australia". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, n. 10 (17 maggio 2019): 1748. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16101748.
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Victoria’s (Australia) Environment Protection Authority (EPA), the state’s environmental regulator, has recognized the need to develop an Environmental Health Tracking System (EHTS) to better understand environmental health relationships. To facilitate the process of developing an EHTS; a linkage-based conceptual framework was developed to link routinely collected environmental and health data to better understand environmental health relationships. This involved researching and drawing on knowledge from previous similar projects. While several conceptual frameworks have been used to organize data to support the development of an environmental health tracking system, Driving Force–Pressure–State–Exposure–Effect–Action (DPSEEA) was identified as the most broadly applied conceptual framework. Exposure and effects are two important components of DPSEEA, and currently, exposure data are not available for the EHTS. Therefore, DPSEEA was modified to the Driving Force–Pressure–Environmental Condition–Health Impact–Action (DPEHA) conceptual framework for the proposed Victorian EHTS as there is relevant data available for tracking. The potential application of DPEHA for environmental health tracking was demonstrated through case studies. DPEHA will be a useful tool to support the implementation of Victoria’s environmental health tracking system for providing timely and scientific evidence for EPA and other decision makers in developing and evaluating policies for protecting public health and the environment in Victoria.
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Fleming, Mary-Louise, Helen Higgins, Neville Owen, Alexandra Clavarino, Wendy Brown, Jacqui Lloyd e Trish Gould. "Community Capacity Building for Health Promotion: Lessons from a Regional Australian Initiative". Australian Journal of Primary Health 13, n. 3 (2007): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py07034.
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This paper discusses a health promotion intervention that sets out to develop local capacity to address chronic disease risk factors in a remote Australian community. Community focus groups, and researcher and community discussions, aimed to determine the community's health concerns and build a partnership for community action. The journey from conception to reality was difficult for a number of reasons that are described here. Despite these difficulties, a range of outcomes included the establishment of an organisational structure that involved a local health promotion committee as the principal decision-maker, the establishment of a grants scheme to support locally determined initiatives and the formal incorporation of a community Health Promotion Committee (HPC) that ensured the sustainability of activities beyond the funded project period. The HPC is still coordinating health promotion activities. The promotion of community ownership of health promotion activities is a complicated process, given that time, resources, expertise and community involvement require a much longer-term commitment than that currently imposed by many funding bodies.
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Khadka, Ajay, S. Sharma, S. Regmi, S. Chapagain, B. Lamichhane, S. Baral, P. Thapa et al. "Micro Health Project". Journal of Gandaki Medical College-Nepal 10, n. 1 (1 agosto 2017): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jgmcn.v10i1.17918.
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Community health diagnosis is a comprehensive assessment of health status of the community in relation to its social, physical and biological environment. The purpose of community health diagnosis is to define existing problems, determine available resources and set priorities for planning, implementing and evaluating health action, by and for the community. The community health diagnosis program began on 4th September 2015 and continued till 13th September 2015 in ward no 1 and 5 Rupakot VDC, Kaski, Nepal. The program was organized in following phases: data collection, data analysis, first community presentation, prioritization of need and planning of micro health project (MHP), implementation and evaluation of MHP, and final community presentation. On the basis of the observed and the felt needs of the community, we found the real needs and prioritized them as follows. For community: Proper water purification, information about common diseases, KAP on diseases, knowledge on TB and DOTS. For school-going children: Education on environmental sanitation, education on personal hygiene - teeth brushing and hand washing, adolescent health education. We launched micro health project (MHP) on these topics, conducting school-based as well as community-based programs. Journal of Gandaki Medical College Vol. 10, No. 1, 2017, Page: 59-62
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Knightbridge, Stephen M., Robert King e Timothy J. Rolfe. "Using Participatory Action Research in a Community-Based Initiative Addressing Complex Mental Health Needs". Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 40, n. 4 (aprile 2006): 325–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2006.01798.x.
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Objective: This paper describes the first phase of a larger project that utilizes participatory action research to examine complex mental health needs across an extensive group of stakeholders in the community. Method: Within an objective qualitative analysis of focus group discussions the social ecological model is utilized to explore how integrative activities can be informed, planned and implemented across multiple elements and levels of a system. Seventy-one primary care workers, managers, policy-makers, consumers and carers from across the southern metropolitan and Gippsland regions of Victoria, Australia took part in seven focus groups. All groups responded to an identical set of focusing questions. Results: Participants produced an explanatory model describing the service system, as it relates to people with complex needs, across the levels of social ecological analysis. Qualitative themes analysis identified four priority areas to be addressed in order to improve the system's capacity for working with complexity. These included: (i) system fragmentation; (ii) integrative case management practices; (iii) community attitudes; and (iv) money and resources. Conclusions: The emergent themes provide clues as to how complexity is constructed and interpreted across the system of involved agencies and interest groups. The implications these findings have for the development and evaluation of this community capacity-building project were examined from the perspective of constructing interventions that address both top-down and bottom-up processes.
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Lindbladh, Eva, e Bertil S. Hanson. "Community-Based Prevention and the Health Equity Aim—An Ideal Match? An Evaluation of the Kirseberg Community Action Project". International Quarterly of Community Health Education 14, n. 3 (ottobre 1993): 221–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/p3el-7kd9-p8wr-39ey.
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This article presents results and conclusions from a qualitative process evaluation study of an alcohol preventive community action project, in the city of Malmö, Sweden. The community action approach has been proposed as a promising preventive strategy in relation to the health equity aim, and our overall goal has been to investigate the tenability of this connection. The starting point in our analysis is the socially stratified pattern of participation in the project. How do we explain the fact that the well-educated middle-class groups and their organizations became the driving force in the community action program, while the working-class majority and the economically underprivileged residents were left out? The excluding mechanisms which were revealed in the study indicate that the community action approach can hardly be seen as a strategy necessarily promoting the health equity aim.
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Ludin, Salizar Mohamed, e Paul Andrew Arbon. "Improving community disaster resilience through scorecard self-testing". Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 26, n. 1 (6 febbraio 2017): 13–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-08-2016-0177.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop government and community-level critical thinking, planning, and action for improving community disaster resilience by reporting a study that sought to evaluate the possibility of using the Torrens Resilience Institute Australian Community Disaster Resilience (CDR) Scorecard in the Malaysian context. Design/methodology/approach A participatory action research approach (done in 2015) encouraged key people involved in managing the 2014 Kelantan floods in Malaysia’s north-east to participate in discussions about, and self-testing of, the CDR Scorecard to measure and improve their communities’ disaster resilience. Findings The CDR Scorecard can be useful in the Malaysian community context, with some modifications. Self-testing revealed that participating communities need to strengthen their disaster resilience through better communication, cross-community cooperation, maximizing opportunities to compare their plans, actions and reactions with those reported in research publications, and aligning their community disaster management with reported best practice internationally while acknowledging the need to adapt such practice to local contexts. Research limitations/implications There is a need for a Malaysia-wide, simple-to-use, standardized disaster resilience scorecard to improve communities’ quality, self-efficacy, and capability to facilitate improved disaster resilience. Practical implications The adaptation of Australian CDR Scorecard for used in the country. Social implications Awareness of CDR level will enhance community and government preparedness, mitigation, and responses to flood disaster. Originality/value This project is the first of its kind in Malaysia. It provides an example of the possibilities of using the CDR Scorecard globally in the form of a context-specific toolkit. The engagement of key people in the community in self-testing the Scorecard provides genuine, on-the-ground, real life data, giving others an understanding of local assessment of each community’s resilience level.
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Susanto, Tantut, Iis Rahmawati e Wantiyah. "Community-based occupational health promotion programme: an initiative project for Indonesian agricultural farmers". Health Education 120, n. 1 (6 gennaio 2020): 73–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/he-12-2018-0065.
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PurposeOccupational health promotion programmes targeting the Indonesian agricultural farmers (AFs) are limited. This action research aimed to involve the AFs in the research and development of community-based occupational health promotion (COHP) programme, which is tailored to meet their perceived needs for preventing health problems related to occupational workplace.Design/methodology/approachThis study employed the qualitative action research approach. The participants (n = 136) were farmers from seven regions in the rural areas of East Java, Indonesia. The COHP was examined from public health centres (PHCs) in seven regions through eight steps, including recognition, analyses, planning, communication, preparation, implementation, evaluation and continuity of programme, for eight weeks. Data were collected through focus group interviews and examined using qualitative content analysis.FindingsThe findings revealed that the participants not only lacked health status but were also required to promote a comprehensive programme for occupational health and safety. The health problems of AFs were identified as the lack of nutrition and high blood pressure, which are related to un-ergonomic condition during work, limited use of personal protective equipment, high stress and workload. The lack of support for AF groups to prevent health problems and to access health services was a key theme for all the participants. Therefore, self-help group as social support was designed to solve the health problems among AFs.Originality/valueThe COHP, through action research, provided a change strategy for AFs to manage and promote occupational health and safety within their practice. The study findings could be used in the development of a framework for PHCs in delivering occupational health and safety practices in the agricultural sectors.
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Bradshaw, Corey J. A. "Opportunities to improve the future of South Australia’s terrestrial biodiversity". Rethinking Ecology 4 (9 aprile 2019): 45–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/rethinkingecology.4.32570.
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It is unequivocal that the poor condition of South Australia’s terrestrial biodiversity is continuing to decline overall – much like elsewhere in Australia. This decline is mainly due to the legacy of vegetation clearing and habitat modification since European colonisation, the destructive influence of invasive species (especially predators like cats and foxes) on its native fauna and flora, and impotent or broken legislation to prevent further damage. The struggle to maintain our remaining biodiversity, and our intentions to restore once-healthy ecosystems, are rendered even more difficult by the added influence of rapid climate disruption. Despite the pessimistic outlook, South Australians have successfully employed several effective conservation mechanisms, including increasing the coverage of our network of protected areas, doing ecological restoration projects, reducing the densities of feral animals across landscapes, encouraging private landholders to protect their biodiversity assets, releasing environmental water flows to rivers and wetlands, and bringing more people in touch with nature. While these strategies are certainly stepping in the right direction, our policies and conservation targets have been hampered by arbitrary baselines, a lack of cohesion among projects and associated legislation, unrepresentative protected areas, and inappropriate spatial and time scales of intervention. While the challenges are many, there are several tractable and affordable actions that can be taken immediately to improve the prospect of the State’s biodiversity into the near future. These include coordinating existing and promoting broader-scale ecological restoration projects, establishing strategic and evidence-based control of invasive species, planning more representative protected-area networks that are managed effectively for conservation outcomes, fixing broken environmental legislation, avoiding or severely limiting biodiversity-offset incentives, expanding conservation covenants on private land, coordinating a state-wide monitoring network and protocol that tells the South Australian community how effective we are with our policies and actions, expanding existing conservation investment and tapping into different funding schemes, and coordinating better communication and interaction among government and non-governmental environment agencies. Having a more transparent and defensible link between specific conservation actions and targeted outcomes will also likely improve confidence that conservation investments are well-spent. With just a little more effort, coordination, funding, and foresight, South Australia has the opportunity to become a pillar of biodiversity conservation.
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Sabin, Scott, Birori Dieudonne, John Mitchell, Jared White, Corey Chin e Robert Morikawa. "Community-Based Watershed Change: A Case Study in Eastern Congo". Forests 10, n. 6 (31 maggio 2019): 475. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10060475.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Conflict and environmental degradation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo are interrelated and complex. The authors conducted a case study of a community-based environmental restoration project in Eastern Congo and provide early results which suggest a link between community environmental action and multidimensional outcomes such as peace and reconciliation. The project examined in this study is based on a framework (Theory of Change) which networks communities through autonomous savings groups, churches, mosques, schools, and a community leadership network with the goal of catalyzing sustainable farming, reforestation, and community forest management. The primary project input was training, and the resulting voluntary community action included tree planting and the management of common forest areas. A mixed-methods approach was used to evaluate project results comparing two watersheds, and included a difference in differences analysis, participatory workshops, remote sensing analysis, and community activity reports. Positive change was observed in the treatment watershed in terms of ecosystem health and household economic condition. Results suggest a possible influence on peace conditions which, while fragile, offers hope for continued restorative action by communities. This study provides evidence that a community-based approach to environmental restoration may have a positive influence on multidimensional issues such as forests, watershed health, economic well-being, and peace.
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Hancock, Lynne, Rob Sanson-Fisher, Janice Perkins, Ross Corkrey, Robert Burton e Sandy Reid. "Effect of a Community Action Intervention on Cervical Cancer Screening Rates in Rural Australian Towns: The CART Project". Preventive Medicine 32, n. 2 (febbraio 2001): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/pmed.2000.0776.
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Hancock, Lynne, Rob Sanson-Fisher, Janice Perkins, Ann McClintock, Peter Howley e Robert Gibberd. "Effect of a Community Action Program on Adult Quit Smoking Rates in Rural Australian Towns: The CART Project". Preventive Medicine 32, n. 2 (febbraio 2001): 118–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/pmed.2000.0798.
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Hancock, Lynne, Rob Sanson-Fisher, Janice Perkins, Afaf Girgis, Peter Howley e Margot Schofield. "The Effect of a Community Action Intervention on Adolescent Smoking Rates in Rural Australian Towns: The CART Project". Preventive Medicine 32, n. 4 (aprile 2001): 332–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/pmed.2000.0823.
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Callister, Valerie, e Julie Geilman. "Getting it Together: A Rural Health Promotion Program". Australian Journal of Primary Health 6, n. 4 (2000): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py00053.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The Getting It Together Rural Health Promotion project was established by a group of community health providers in Gippsland, Victoria. The overall aim of Getting It Together was to extend and improve health promotion practice amongst participating organisations. This was achieved through collaboration around health promotion training and planning. Complementary strategies addressing Cardio-Vascular Disease (CVD) were developed across four Local Government Areas (LGAs). Central resourcing was provided for coordination of the project, and for marketing and network support tasks. The project was based on an integrated and coordinated health promotion model, which contained overlapping strategies combining to create a broadly based partnership of action. At the commencement of the project, health promotion workers from each LGA were provided with a three-day training course conducted by the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University (RMIT). Participants developed Action Plans based around the three driving strategies of community wide-strategies, targeted strategies and marketing. A special feature of Getting It Together was a common media strategy, to support and reinforce action at the local level. An overall slogan was adopted, 'Slicker Ticker - A Gippsland Healthy Heart Project'. Uniting themes included 'Stress Less Week' and 'Gippsland Get Up and Go'. Latrobe Community Health Service facilitated the project and senior managers from the partnering agencies formed a Steering Committee, which met at key intervals to monitor the project.
26
Third, K., O. M. Fun, J. Bowen, A. Micenko, V. Grey e T. Prohasky. "Engineers Without Borders Australia–lessons learned from an innovative approach to the upgrade of water supply infrastructure in Tenganan, Indonesia". Water Science and Technology 59, n. 6 (1 marzo 2009): 1201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.042.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The community of Tenganan in eastern Bali, Indonesia, has requested technical assistance from Engineers Without Borders Australia (EWB) to improve the quantity and quality of water delivered through their water supply system. This is a unique development project in which the Tenganan people have identified their own needs and developed their own conceptual solution to the problem. For the first time, EWB is undertaking the design phase for the water system by an off-shore design team and project assistance team (PAT) based in Australia. This allows EWB to draw on resources and experience of EWB members and their employing companies in Australia. It also enables young engineers to develop skills and experience in development work without having to leave the country. However, the innovative approach also presented significant challenges to the project members, particularly in establishing appropriate design criteria and the co-ordination of simultaneous activities across Australia. This paper describes the approach taken by EWB and makes a preliminary assessment of the benefits and limitations inherent in this approach. The overall aim of the project is to produce a successful “bottom-up” development action that will deliver a sustainable solution to the Tenganan community.
27
Moorhouse, Christopher, Maria George e Beth Smith. "Palliative Care in Rural Australia: Involving the Community in Multidisciplinary Coordinated Care". Australian Journal of Primary Health 6, n. 4 (2000): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py00047.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper describes the process and outcomes of a project aimed at promoting community based multidisciplinary coordinated palliative care services in rural Australia. In preliminary health service needs assessment in rural Tasmania, key health workers appealed for additional information, support and education in palliative care. They expressed a preference for this education to be delivered locally to strengthen existing knowledge in communities and to take into account contextual factors. The project aimed to enhance skills available in rural communities by involving key stakeholders including formal and informal carers, volunteers, clergy, pharmacists, community nurses and general practitioners. The project objective was to strengthen existing expertise and commitment in rural communities, enabling service providers to respond to community needs in a sustainable way. This was achieved by facilitating options for sustainable linkages and ongoing support and through outreach programs from urban Palliative Care Units. An important element in this was the Tasmanian Telehealth network, which harnesses videoconferencing, digital diagnostic equipment and image transmission technologies to offer access to healthcare services to Tasmania's rural and isolated communities. The process centred on workshops facilitated by a multidisciplinary team, which provided information about the core components of palliative care. The paper reports on the responses of health professionals and community participants to the workshops.
28
Parkinson, Sharon. "Victorian Health Policy Reform: Impact on Community-based Health Promotion". Australian Journal of Primary Health 3, n. 4 (1997): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py97035.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Since the Victorian Coalition Government was elected to office in 1992, community health policy has undergone considerable change as part of broader initiatives within the public sector. In the context of changing policy, concerns have been raised in the field of community health regarding the direction of community-based health promotion. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of policy reform on the conceptualisation, priority setting and practice of community-based health promotion. A series of interviews was conducted with a small sample of community health centre managers and staff within metropolitan Melbourne. Findings suggest that there has been a significant shift in the profile of community-based health promotion, with increasing emphasis on health promotion in clinical encounters and in groups, and less project work and community development. In terms of the principles of the Ottawa Charter, health promotion has moved away from the areas of community action and building healthy public policy as the centres focus increasingly on direct service provision. This study discusses the influences on and implications for the changing profile of community-based health promotion and considers directions for the future.
29
Minkler, Meredith, Sheryl Frantz e Robin Wechsler. "Social Support and Social Action Organizing in a “Grey Ghetto”: The Tenderloin Experience". International Quarterly of Community Health Education 25, n. 1 (aprile 2005): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/5271-3jlq-0gjh-4634.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The Tenderloin Senior Outreach Project (TSOP) is presented as a case study of effective community-based organizing among the isolated elderly in one of America's large “grey ghettos.” Based on the theoretical underpinnings of social support theory and Freire's “education for critical consciousness,” the Project has attempted to address the interrelated problems of poor health, social isolation and powerlessness endemic among the elderly in Single Room Occupancy hotels. The Project's metamorphosis is traced from a university-sponsored community development effort to a community controlled organization focused on broad social action objectives. The transference of leadership from health education facilitators to indigenous elderly leaders within the hotels is examined, as are some of the strategies employed in increasing Project visibility, preventing burn-out, and facilitating replication in other areas.
30
Perry, Cheryl L., Carolyn L. Williams, Kelli A. Komro, Sara Veblen-Mortenson, Jean L. Forster, Randi Bernstein-Lachter, Lara K. Pratt et al. "Project Northland High School Interventions: Community Action to Reduce Adolescent Alcohol Use". Health Education & Behavior 27, n. 1 (febbraio 2000): 29–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109019810002700105.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Project Northland is a randomized community trial initially implemented in 24 school districts and communities in northeastern Minnesota, with goals of delaying onset and reducing adolescent alcohol use using community-wide, multiyear, multiple interventions. The study targets the Class of 1998 from the 6th to 12th grades (1991-1998). The early adolescent phase of Project Northland has been completed, and reductions in the prevalence of alcohol use at the end of 8th grade were achieved. Phase II of Project Northland, targeting 11th- and 12th-grade students, uses five major strategies: (1) direct action community organizing methods to encourage citizens to reduce underage access to alcohol, (2) youth development involving high school students in youth action teams, (3) print media to support community organizing and youth action initiatives and communicate healthy norms about underage drinking (e.g., providing alcohol to minors is unacceptable), (4) parent education and involvement, and (5) a classroom-based curriculum for 11th-grade students. This article describes the background, design, implementation, and process measures of the intervention strategies for Phase II of Project Northland.
31
Ron, Sharon, Noelle Dimitri, Shir Lerman Ginzburg, Ellin Reisner, Pilar Botana Martinez, Wig Zamore, Ben Echevarria, Doug Brugge e Linda S. Sprague Martinez. "Health Lens Analysis: A Strategy to Engage Community in Environmental Health Research in Action". Sustainability 13, n. 4 (6 febbraio 2021): 1748. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13041748.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Health Lens Analysis (HLA) is a tool to facilitate collaboration among diverse community stakeholders. We employed HLA as part of a community-based participatory research (CBPR) and action study to mitigate the negative health effects of traffic-related air pollution TRAP and ultrafine particles (UFPs) in Somerville, MA. HLA is a Health in All Policies tool with previously limited implementation in a North American context. As part of the HLA, community and academic partners engaged residents from across near-highway neighborhoods in a series of activities designed to identify health concerns and generate recommendations for policies and projects to improve health over an 18-month planning period. Noise barriers, which may reduce TRAP exposure among residents in addition to reducing traffic noise, were seen as an acceptable solution by community stakeholders. We found HLA to be an effective means to engage stakeholders from across sectors and diverse community residents in critical discourse about the health impacts of near-roadway exposures. The iterative process allowed the project team to fully explore the arguments for noise barriers and preferred health interventions, while building a stakeholder base interested in the mitigation of TRAP, thus creating a shared language and understanding of the issue.
32
Ambrose, Aleta, e Patricia Short. "Integrating health planning and social planning: a case study in community-based partnerships for better health". Australian Journal of Primary Health 15, n. 4 (2009): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py09010.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper reports the findings of a study that investigated the processes through which health planning and social planning were integrated in practice, at the community level, through the active engagement of childcare centres in health promotion and community capacity building. A small-scale, retrospective study of Healthy Bodies Healthy Minds, a community-based health promotion project for early childhood environments, was conducted. Focusing on links between health and social planning, the study revealed crucial factors that led to integrated planning and action at the community level: opportunities for professional development, the strengthening of partnerships through interpersonal networks, reduced isolation of childcare staff in community contexts, and genuine engagement of childcare centre staff in a planning process. It also demonstrated how momentum for planning and action at the community level was created, and how a shift towards integrated health and social planning, stemming from an attitudinal shift by childcare staff towards planning and partnerships, emerged. Insights are gained on ways to build upon the social component of health promotion programs, so as to establish sustainable partnerships for integrating health and social planning in communities.
33
Davoren, Martin P., David Lane, Joe Kirby, Kate Gibney, Gordon Kinsley, Ann Hope, Michael Byrne e Ivan J. Perry. "Support for evidence-based alcohol policy in Ireland: results from the Community Action on Alcohol Pilot Project". Journal of Public Health Policy 40, n. 1 (31 ottobre 2018): 76–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41271-018-0151-y.
Testo completo
34
Williams-Livingston, Arletha, Tabia Henry Akintobi e Ananya Banerjee. "Community-Based Participatory Research in Action: The Patient-Centered Medical Home and Neighborhood". Journal of Primary Care & Community Health 11 (gennaio 2020): 215013272096845. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2150132720968456.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: The Morehouse School of Medicine Patient Centered Medical Home and Neighborhood Project was developed to implement a community-based participatory research driven, integrated patient-centered medical home and neighborhood (PCMH) pilot intervention. The purpose of the PCMHN was to develop a care coordination program for underserved, high-risk patients with multiple morbidities served by the Morehouse Healthcare Comprehensive Family Health Clinic. Measures: A community needs assessment, patient surveys and provider interviews were administered. Results: Among a panel of 367 high-risk patients and potential participants, 93 participated in the intervention and 42 patients completed the intervention. The patients self-reported increased utilization of community support, increased satisfaction with health care options, and increased self-care management ability. Conclusion: The results were largely attributable to the efforts of community health workers and targeted community engagement. Lessons learned from implementation and integration of a community-based participatory approach will be used to train clinicians and small practices on how to affect change using a care coordination model for underserved, high-risk patients emphasizing CBPR.
35
Robinson, Gary, Bernard Leckning, Richard Midford, Helen Harper, Sven Silburn, Jess Gannaway, Kylie Dolan, Tim Delphine e Craig Hayes. "Developing a school-based preventive life skills program for youth in a remote Indigenous community in North Australia". Health Education 116, n. 5 (1 agosto 2016): 510–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/he-09-2015-0026.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe the process of development and the pilot implementation of a preventive life skills curriculum for Indigenous middle school students in a very remote community college in the West Arnhem region of North Australia. The curriculum integrates proven educational and psychological techniques with culturally informed notions of relatedness and was developed as a contribution to efforts to prevent alarming rates of suicide among remote Indigenous youth. In this paper, the term, Indigenous refers to Australians of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander descent. Design/methodology/approach – Based on reviews of research literature on school-based suicide prevention and social and emotional learning in both general and Indigenous populations, and following detailed community consultations, a 12 week curriculum was drafted and implemented in two middle school classes (combined years 7-9). Lessons were videotaped and later analyzed and detailed commentary was sought from participating school staff. Findings – The pilot program has yielded important insights into requirements of a curriculum for young people with low English literacy levels and with variable school attendance patterns. It confirmed the need to adjust both pedagogical approach and curriculum content for the program to have resonance with students from this linguistic and cultural background and with varying levels of exposure to multiple stressors in disadvantaged community settings. Practical implications – The project has identified and resolved key questions for sustainable implementation of a preventive curriculum in challenging community circumstances. Originality/value – There are to date no examples of the systematic adaptation and design of a universal preventive intervention specifically for remote Australian Indigenous youth. The project is the first step toward the formal evaluation of the efficacy of a classroom-based approach to suicide prevention in remote community schools.
36
Carruthers, G. "Using the EMS process as an integrative farm management tool". Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, n. 3 (2007): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea06029.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The use of a management process, described in the Environmental Management System (EMS) standard AS/NZS ISO 14001:2004, to develop integrated farm management plans was examined on dairy farms in Australia. Key research questions were whether the ‘Plan–Do–Check–Act’ management cycle could: (i) adequately identify diverse target areas highlighted by a range of stakeholders, (ii) assist with setting on-farm management priorities and targets, as well as planning actions and monitoring and (iii) provide for integrated management across relevant business areas. Project outcomes demonstrated that the EMS process could identify diverse targets, highlight monitoring issues, guide development of integrated farm plans and achieve business, environmental and social outcomes. Using the EMS process, and supported by skilled and knowledgeable EMS mentors, farmers devised solutions to natural resource management issues that additionally addressed farm productivity and business issues. Increased adoption of management processes inherent in EMS should lead to enhanced integration of on-farm management of environmental, quality, occupational health and safety, and social issues. It could also assist in meeting and evaluating catchment, regulatory and community outcomes.
37
Courie, Anna F., e Judith Tate. "The Usability of the Plan Quality Index to Support Evaluation of Community Health Action Plans". Military Medicine 185, n. 11-12 (1 novembre 2020): e1908-e1912. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usaa206.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
ABSTRACT Introduction The U.S. Army requires community health coalitions to develop targeted action plans in order to more effectively address top public health priorities. Reviews of community action plans indicate that they are often poorly developed and not fully implemented. To date, the U.S. Army has not implemented a standardized tool or process to evaluate action plans and provide recommendations for improvement to local installations. The Plan Quality Index (PQI) is an evidence-based, standardized tool that has been used successfully by technical experts to review and improve community action plans related to the prevention of obesity, injury and violence, and cancer. Materials and Methods The objective of this project was to determine the usability of the PQI and to provide recommendations for improving community health action plans focused on injury prevention for the U.S. Army. Five Health Promotion Project Officers and one Health Promotion Project Assistant at Army Public Health Center were trained on the PQI and reviewed injury prevention action plans for 17 installations. After using the PQI to assess injury prevention action plans, the individuals were given a System Usability Scale (SUS) survey to assess the usability of the PQI. Results Results of the SUS survey can range from 0 to 100, but do not represent percentages. A score of 65 indicates “greater than average” usability. Participant scores on the SUS demonstrated that the PQI has a high degree of usability. Mean usability was calculated at 83.3 (range 72.5–97.5, median 85, sd +/− 9.3). Conclusion The PQI demonstrated a high level of usability by technical experts for providing feedback and recommendations regarding community health action plans for injury prevention in the U.S. Army. As a result, the PQI may be beneficial as a standard tool for community health improvement planning and consultation throughout the Army Public Health Center.
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William Best, David, Gerard Byrne, David Pullen, Jacqui Kelly, Karen Elliot e Michael Savic. "Therapeutic communities and the local community: isolation or integration?" Therapeutic Communities: The International Journal of Therapeutic Communities 35, n. 4 (2 dicembre 2014): 150–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tc-07-2014-0024.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to test the feasibility of utilising an Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) model in the context of an Alcohol and Other Drug Therapeutic Community, and to use this as a way of assessing how TCs can contribute to the local communities in which they are sited. Design/methodology/approach – This is a qualitative action research project, based on an evolving model in which key stakeholders from participating sites were instrumental in shaping processes and activities, that is a partnership between a research centre, Turning Point in Melbourne, Australia and two Recovery Services operated by the Salvation Army Australia Eastern Territory (TSA). One of these is the Dooralong Transformation Centre on the Central Coast of New South Wales and the other, Fairhaven, is in the Gold Coast hinterland of Queensland, Australia. The project was designed to create “rehabilitation without walls” by building bridges between the treatment centres and the communities they are based in, and improving participation in local community life. This was done through a series of structured workshops that mapped community asset networks and planned further community engagement activities. Findings – Both of the TCs already had strong connections in their local areas including but not restricted to involvement with the mutual aid fellowships. Staff, residents and ex-residents still in contact with the service were strongly committed to community engagement and were able to identify a wide range of connections in the community and to build these around existing Salvation Army connections and networks. Research limitations/implications – This is a pilot study with limited research findings and no assessment of the generalisability of this method to other settings or TCs. Practical implications – Both TCs are able to act as “community resources” through which residents and ex-residents are able to give back to their local communities and develop the social and community capital that can prepare them for reintegration and can positively contribute to the experience of living in the local community. Social implications – This paper has significant ramifications for how TCs engage with their local communities both as a mechanism for supporting resident re-entry and also to challenge stigma and discrimination. Originality/value – The paper and project extend the idea of ABCD to a Reciprocal Community Development model in which TCs can act as active participants in their lived communities and by doing so can create a “therapeutic landscape for recovery”.
39
Hung, Kevin K. C., Makiko K. MacDermot, Emily Y. Y. Chan, Sida Liu, Zhe Huang, Chi S. Wong, Joseph H. Walline e Colin A. Graham. "CCOUC Ethnic Minority Health Project: A Case Study for Health EDRM Initiatives to Improve Disaster Preparedness in a Rural Chinese Population". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, n. 10 (17 maggio 2021): 5322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105322.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Disasters disproportionately impact poor and marginalised populations due to greater vulnerability induced by various risk determinants, such as compromised living conditions, language barriers, and limited resources for disaster risk management. Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management (Health EDRM) emphasises a people- and community-centred approach for building stronger capacities in communities and countries since community members are often the first responders to health emergencies and should be central to effective risk management. A key action for promoting community disaster preparedness is the provision of Health EDRM education interventions. The Ethnic Minority Health Project (EHMP) has provided community-based Health EDRM education interventions in 16 ethnic minority-based villages in remote areas of China since 2009. It aims to enhance community disaster preparedness and resilience by improving health-risk literacy and self-help capacity at the individual and household levels. This case study outlines the first EHMP project in an ethnic minority-based community (Ma’an Qiao Village) in Sichuan Province, China. It highlights the key elements for planning and managing such a project and is a good demonstration of an effective Health EDRM workforce development project in rural communities. This report concludes with five recommendations for setting up a sustainable and effective Health EDRM education intervention in similar contexts.
40
Cooper, Martin, Richard Midford e Julie Anne Jaegar. "Carnarvon Partysafe: Designing a Community Mobilisation Project in Western Australia's Remote North West". Australian Journal of Primary Health 7, n. 3 (2001): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py01048.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Recent studies are increasingly shifting away from viewing drug and alcohol problems as individual medical disorders and recognising the significant role of environmental and community factors. In keeping with this, the Partysafe project, being implemented in the remote North West town of Carnarvon in Western Australia (WA), is utilising a community mobilisation approach to reducing harm associated with alcohol consumption in private residences. Carnarvon, like most rural communities in WA, has a higher rate of alcohol consumption than in the metropolitan region, hence its selection as the target site. An additional reason for selecting a remote town was the belief that national and state level prevention strategies cannot always be successfully implemented due to a region?s unique social and environmental influences. This paper discusses the community mobilisation methodology, giving a practical insight into the specific interventions and evaluation techniques developed for the Partysafe project. The process of identifying community-based alcohol issues and the problems associated with implementation and evaluation are illustrated. A combination of archival quantitative data and community based qualitative data will be used to assess the project?s success. Collection and use of this data is also practically depicted.
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Ogrin, Rajna, Tracy Aylen, Toni Rice, Ralph Audehm e Arti Appannah. "Engagement of primary care practice in Australia: learnings from a diabetes care project". Australian Journal of Primary Health 25, n. 1 (2019): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py18057.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Effective community-based chronic disease management requires general practice engagement and ongoing improvement in care models. This article outlines a case study on contributing factors to insufficient participant recruitment through general practice for an evidence-based diabetes care pilot project. Key stakeholder semi-structured interviews and focus groups were undertaken at cessation of the pilot project. Participants (15 GPs, five practice nurses, eight diabetes educators) were healthcare providers engaged in patient recruitment. Through descriptive analysis, common themes were identified. Four major themes were identified: (1) low perceived need for intervention; (2) communication of intervention problematic; (3) translation of research into practice not occurring; and (4) the service providing the intervention was not widely viewed as a partner in chronic disease care. Engaging GPs in new initiatives is challenging, and measures facilitating uptake of new innovations are required. Any new intervention needs to: be developed with GPs to meet their needs; have considerable lead-in time to develop rapport with GPs and raise awareness; and ideally, have dedicated support staff within practices to reduce the demand on already-overburdened practice staff. Feasible and effective mechanisms need to be developed to facilitate uptake of new innovations in the general practice setting.
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Catalani, Caricia, e Meredith Minkler. "Photovoice: A Review of the Literature in Health and Public Health". Health Education & Behavior 37, n. 3 (1 ottobre 2009): 424–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1090198109342084.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Although a growing number of projects have been implemented using the community-based participatory research method known as photovoice, no known systematic review of the literature on this approach has been conducted to date. This review draws on the peer-reviewed literature on photovoice in public health and related disciplines conducted before January 2008 to determine (a) what defines the photovoice process, (b) the outcomes associated with photovoice, and (c) how the level of community participation is related to photovoice processes and outcomes. In all, 37 unduplicated articles were identified and reviewed using a descriptive coding scheme and Viswanathan et al.’s quality of participation tool. Findings reveal no relationship between group size and quality of participation but a direct relationship between the latter and project duration as well as with getting to action. More participatory projects also were associated with long-standing relationships between the community and outside researcher partners and an intensive training component. Although vague descriptions of project evaluation practices and a lack of consistent reporting precluded hard conclusions, 60% of projects reported an action component. Particularly among highly participatory projects, photovoice appears to contribute to an enhanced understanding of community assets and needs and to empowerment.
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Mikhailovich, Katja, e Robert Fitzgerald. "Community responses to the removal of bottled water on a university campus". International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 15, n. 3 (7 luglio 2014): 330–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijshe-08-2012-0076.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose – This paper aimed to examine the impact of the removal of bottled water on the campus community. This paper presents the findings of a survey conducted at the first Australian university to remove single-use bottled water from sale on a small regional university campus. The removal of bottled water from sale at the university formed part of the university’s commitment to environmental sustainability. Design/methodology/approach – The study was conducted substantially by undergraduate students who participated in an action learning project in which they assisted in the design, implementation and analysis of an online snapshot survey made available to all staff and students of the university. Findings – The results indicated some evidence of changes to pro-environmental behaviors such as increased use of re-fillable bottles, but there were less desirable outcomes such as drinking less water. Community perceptions were dramatically polarized. Restrictions on freedom of choice, concerns about health as a result of increased use of high-sugar drinks and the continued availability of other plastic drink bottles were provided as strong objections to the removal of bottled water from sale on campus. Practical implications – The study provides useful insights for university sustainability planners and administrators about the complex range of issues associated with the implementation of sustainability initiatives on a university campus. Originality/value – While extensive literature exists about the environmental impacts of bottled water, few studies have explored the impacts or community responses to the removal of bottled water in the university context.
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Hawke, Melanie, e Joe Byrne. "Community-based Early Childhood Assessment and Intervention in Rural Settings: Transdisciplinary Case Management of Developmental Delay in Children". Australian Journal of Primary Health 6, n. 4 (2000): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py00046.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper reports on an assessment of the need for early intervention services for children aged 0-8 years in the Southern Fleurieu sub-region of South Australia and an evaluation of the efficacy of utilising a generic community health service to provide the therapeutic and case management services to appropriately address those needs. Previous studies in regional South Australia estimated the incidence of developmental delay in children to be 5% of the total population aged 0-8 years (Barossa Valley, 1997). This estimate indicated a client group of over 130 in the Southern Fleurieu sub-region. The project team adopted a transdisciplinary model for early identification and intervention, with over half the children on the program aged less than five years, indicating that the program addressed needs of children at an early age. Outcomes have demonstrated the appropriateness of using a transdisciplinary approach in a regional setting and the community health service as the auspice has shown an increase in the capacity for therapists to provide the wide variety of programs that are essential in addressing early childhood delay.
45
London, Jonathan K., Tara Mirel Zagofsky, Ganlin Huang e Jenny Saklar. "Collaboration, Participation and Technology: The San Joaquin Valley Cumulative Health Impacts Project". Gateways: International Journal of Community Research and Engagement 4 (22 novembre 2011): 12–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ijcre.v4i0.1780.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Community-university partnerships have been shown to produce significant value for both sets of partners by providing reciprocal learning opportunities, (re)building bonds of trust, and creating unique venues to formulate and apply research that responds to community interests and informs collaborative solutions to community problems. For such partnerships to be mutually empowering, certain design characteristics are necessary. These include mutual respect for different modes and expressions of knowledge, capacity-building for all parties, and an environment that promotes honest and constructive dialogue about the inevitable tensions associated with the interplay of power/knowledge. This article explores an innovative case of community-university partnerships through participatory action research involving a coalition of environmental justice and health advocates, the San Joaquin Valley Cumulative Health Impacts Project, and researchers affiliated with the University of California, Davis. In particular, we examine how participatory GIS and community mapping can promote co-learning and interdependent science.
Keywords
Community-based participatory research, environmental justice, Public Participation Geographic Information System
46
Ramcharan, Paul, Christina David e Katie Marx. "You are here! Negotiating liminality in place in the context of the National Disability Insurance Scheme". Qualitative Social Work 19, n. 3 (maggio 2020): 359–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473325020915775.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The dynamics of inclusion and exclusion for people with disabilities and the places in which they live are being challenged in Australia with the transition to the National Disability Insurance Scheme. This paper reports on the experiences of a place-based and participatory action research project in regional Tasmania which sought to co-create citizenship opportunities with co-researchers living with disability. We report on our experience of negotiating this ambitious and emergent project through the uncertain and shifting terrain of the contemporary neoliberal policy and service context. We highlight the rich gains as well as the significant relational, contextual and procedural challenges of operationalising and staying true to bottom up and strengths-based community development principles. Key learnings relate to risks of creating liminal spaces for community action, about power and authority, and about the skills, resources and labour needed to unearth and mobilise individual and community strengths. We argue that there remains a significant tension between the aspirations of collective action and contemporary services and policy structures that reproduce liminality, silent positioning and place denial. This research challenges traditional disability centric notions of inclusion and place and has implications for the NDIS, for policies at risk of reproducing disabling dynamics, for service innovation and collaboration and for all social workers and others working to develop more inclusive communities.
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Millar, L., P. Kremer, A. de Silva-Sanigorski, M. P. McCabe, H. Mavoa, M. Moodie, J. Utter et al. "Reduction in overweight and obesity from a 3-year community-based intervention in Australia: the ‘It's Your Move!’ project". Obesity Reviews 12 (19 ottobre 2011): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-789x.2011.00904.x.
Testo completo
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Rojas, Alejandro, Jennifer Black, Elena Orrego, Gwen Chapman e Will Valley. "Insights from the Think&EatGreen@School Project: How a community-based action research project contributed to healthy and sustainable school food systems in Vancouver". Canadian Food Studies / La Revue canadienne des études sur l'alimentation 4, n. 2 (22 dicembre 2017): 25–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cfs-rcea.v4i2.225.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
From 2010 to 2016 the Think&EatGreen@School project worked to create healthy and sustainable school food systems in the Vancouver School Board. Using models of Community-Engaged Scholarship and Community-Based Action Research, we implemented diverse programmatic and monitoring activities to provide students and teachers with hands-on food cycle education, in order to influence policy, and to encourage university students to engage actively with the food system. Our focus was on transformation of local school food systems as a context-specific means to address serious global issues related to food security, health and environmental sustainability. This paper provides a synthesis of the project including the context that led to its inception, its overarching goals, methodological framework and areas of impact. Key learnings from this project highlight the need for continued work to integrate research, teaching and action on global food security, environmental and public health challenges and to build connections to create healthy, sustainable school food systems.
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Kong, F., C. Kyle-Link, J. Hocking e M. Hellard. "11. SEX AND SPORT: A COMMUNITY BASED PROJECT OF CHLAMYDIA TESTING AND TREATMENT IN RURAL AND REGIONAL VICTORIA". Sexual Health 4, n. 4 (2007): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/shv4n4ab11.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Chlamydia is the most common notifiable infectious disease in Australia with the number of notifications increasing 92% over the past 5 years. The "Sex and Sport" Project is piloting a community based chlamydia testing and treatment program reaching young people in a specific community setting, sporting clubs. This multifaceted approach utilises health education, population screening and collection of data on risk taking behaviour as the first steps in enhancing health and shaping future service provisions. The project's primary aim is to assess the feasibility of an outreach testing and treatment program. Secondary aims are to measure the prevalence of chlamydia and assess sexual risk behaviour in this population. Strong community collaborations and integration into local health services through the Primary Care Partnerships is important in the project's sustainability; in particular key community members respected by sporting clubs needed to be identified, capacity developed to deliver effective health promotion messages and improve young people's access to sexual health services. Additionally, local knowledge has guided overall program implementation and provides opportunities for capacity building to regionally based services. For example, poor access to sexual health services is being addressed by the participants being able to access services via telephone consultation with Melbourne Sexual Health Centre. Approximately 1000 Victorians aged 16-25 years from the Loddon Mallee region of Victoria will be tested between June and September 2007. This paper will report on the feasibility, challenges and possible solutions in establishing a community based outreach testing and treatment program.
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Miller, Marian, e Barbara Hughes. "A Community Partnership with Parents: Investing in the Future". Australian Journal of Primary Health 5, n. 4 (1999): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py99048.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article presents the findings of a home based parents support program that focuses on the human environment surrounding children. In collaboration between a health service, a public health unit and a university school of nursing in Perth, Western Australia, a three year (1995-1998) health promotion pilot project has been implemented. The program model is based on the Child Development Program developed in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland in the early eighties. This empowerment program is comprehensive, rather than targeting particular issues and focuses on the family's child-rearing environment in holistic terms. Raising the self-esteem of parents is a priority on the grounds that people lacking self-esteem and confidence often struggle to cope with life events and the demands of child rearing. The program, a partnership between community child health nurses and the community, recognises and builds on the skills of experienced mothers. Through semi-structured home visits, these women provide peer support and encouragement for new parents in their fundamental role of parenting. Evaluated through the collection of both qualitative and quantitative data, the outcomes of the pilot project have demonstrated an increase in the self-esteem of mothers, and gains in child development, immunisation, breast-feeding and family nutrition. In addition there is evidence of parents 'looking out for each other' and indications of a strengthening of social cohesion in the local community.