Bibliografie tematiche / Communism by region

Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Communism by region"

Autore: Grafiati
Pubblicato: 25 luglio 2024
Ultima modifica: 26 luglio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Communism by region"

1

Kubik, Jan. "Historical Memory and the End of Communism". Journal of Cold War Studies 9, n. 2 (aprile 2007): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws.2007.9.2.127.

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In critiquing a recent book by Charity Scribner, Requiem for Communism, this article addresses fundamental questions about collective memories of Communism and the Soviet bloc: Why and how is “the past” remembered selectively? What happens when forgotten events are brought back to the fore of collective consciousness? What are the actual mechanisms of remembering? Who are the often invisible gatekeepers that direct the paths of our memories? Who are the influential rulers of memory attempting to shape our mnemonic repertoire? Scribner's book indirectly touches on these issues, though not in a fully satisfactory way, especially with regard to working-class life under Communism. Although the book does have some strong points, it too often fails to take account of how people in the region (as opposed to leftist intellectuals in the West who “knew” Communism vicariously) experienced manual labor during the Communist era and how they remember it now.
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Maria S., Dirivyankina. "Agrarian policy of the RCP (B) in the Kuban and the Black Sea region in conditions of the transi-tion from war communism to nep: 1920–1924". Kavkazologiya 2023, n. 1 (30 marzo 2023): 79–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31143/2542-212x-2023-1-79-93.

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The complex of measures applied by the Bolshevik government after the establishment of its power in 1917 and based on military mobilization and violent methods, went down in history as the policy of war communism. Because of this, having re-established Soviet power in 1920 on the territory of the Kuban-Black Sea region, the Bolsheviks faced two main tasks: providing the popu-lation of Central Russia with food and solving the land issue, which had to be resolved through the forcible collection of food and egalitarian land use. Introducing military-communist practices in the region met with active resistance from the population. The proclamation in March 1921 of the transition to a new economic policy could not significantly change the situation in the region, since until 1924, when the new course “Facing the Village” was adopted, the relapses of war communism persisted.
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GOODALL, ALEX. "THE BATTLE OF DETROIT AND ANTI-COMMUNISM IN THE DEPRESSION ERA". Historical Journal 51, n. 2 (giugno 2008): 457–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x0800678x.

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ABSTRACTThis article is an exploration of Diego Rivera's visit to Detroit in 1932–3. It seeks to use his experiences, and in particular the spectacular popular reaction to the Detroit Industry murals he painted, as a prism for analysing varieties of anti-communism in Detroit in the depression era. The article argues that close relationships between private capitalists, most notably Henry Ford and a Mexican communist, expose contradictions in big business's use of anti-communism in the interwar period, and suggest that anti-communism was a more complicated phenomenon than simply a tool for the promotion of ‘free enterprise’. Moreover, by comparing the public reaction to the artists' work with their original intent, it is possible to see how members of Detroit's society unconsciously used anti-communism to sublimate broader concerns over race and ethnicity, gender, politics, and religiosity in a region in the throes of profound social change. The article seeks to highlight elements of these latent anxieties and fears in order to show how anti-communism acted as a vessel for social debate.
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Ancans, Sandris. "Backwardness of Central and Eastern Europe as a Heritage of the Soviet Period". Rural Sustainability Research 43, n. 338 (1 agosto 2020): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/plua-2020-0008.

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AbstractThe economy of Latvia lags behind economically developed nations approximately fourfold in terms of labour productivity in the tradable sector, which is the key constituent of a modern economy, thereby affecting future sustainable development in the entire country, including the rural areas. The economic backwardness is characteristic of the entire Central and Eastern Europe. This is the heritage of a communist regime that lasted for about half a century and the economic system termed a (centrally) planned economy or a command economy. However, such a term for the communist-period economy is not correct, as it does not represent the purpose it was created for. Accordingly, the paper aims to assess the effect of the communism period on the economic backwardness of the Central and Eastern European region of the EU. A planned economy that existed in all communist countries, with the exception of Yugoslavia, was not introduced to contribute to prosperity. It was intended for confrontation or even warfare by the communist countries under the guidance of the USSR against other countries where no communism regime existed, mostly Western world nations with their market economies. For this reason, it is not correct to term it a (centrally) planned economy or a command economy; the right term is a mobilised (war) economy. An extrapolation of a geometric progression for GDP revealed that during the half a century, Latvia as part of the USSR was forced to spend on confrontation with the West not less than EUR 17 bln. (2011 prices) or approximately one gross domestic product of 2011. The research aim of the paper is to assess the effect of the communism period on the economic backwardness of the Central and Eastern European region of the EU.
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Ekiert, Grzegorz. "Three Generations of Research on Post Communist Politics—A Sketch". East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 29, n. 2 (maggio 2015): 323–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325414559052.

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This essay outlines theoretical visions or paradigms that have underpinned empirical and historical work on the great transformation in Central and Eastern Europe. Such paradigms shaped “sociological imaginations” and analytical lenses through which scholars generated important questions and developed their research interests and projects. The study of post-communism was influenced by three such paradigms: the first focused on the immediate communist past as the main constraint on post-1989 transformations; the second attempted to transcend the specificities of post-communism and integrate the study of the region with the general comparative politics enterprise; and finally, the third signified the return to a disciplined exploration of historical and cultural contexts and their role in shaping the outcomes of transformations.
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Plopeanu, Aurelian-Petruș, e Daniel Homocianu. "Prisoner in the cage of history? Its influence in understanding the current tolerance of bribery in Romania". Eastern Journal of European Studies 15, n. 1 (2024): 47–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.47743/ejes-2024-0102.

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Our paper examines the influence of the historical legacy regarding the impact of the border of the former Habsburg Empire, the former political membership of the Romanian Communist Party (PCR), and perceptions about the communist past - in understanding the current tolerance of bribery in Romania, more than 25 years after the fall of communism. We started from an existing background suggesting that in the aftermath of the fall of communism, Romania underwent significant socio-economic changes, with persisting regional disparities accentuated by historical and cultural legacies. Using representative data from the European and World Values Survey joint dataset v.2.0, other relevant sources (Public Opinion Barometer from 2000 and 2007), variable selection and analysis methods based on DK/NA value treatment, binary derivations, the LASSO pack in Stata 17.0 together with different types of regressions including OLS, binary and ordered logistic ones, cross-validations both random and based on well established criteria (mixed-effects modeling), and collinearity removal techniques based on maximum accepted values of the Variance Inflation Factor (VIF), the results highlight that respondents from certain Romanian macro-regions that experienced higher levels of membership in the PCR and positive views about communism are less likely to be tolerant of bribery. It appears that if the region of residence was part of the former Habsburg Empire, current intentions for bribery are higher. Furthermore, our findings suggest that the propensity to bribe is negatively affected by current macro elements, such as higher crime levels, material deprivation, urban connectivity or lower levels of migration abroad, and left-wing voting preferences.
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Głowacka-Grajper, Małgorzata. "Memory in Post-communist Europe: Controversies over Identity, Conflicts, and Nostalgia". East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 32, n. 4 (24 giugno 2018): 924–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325418757891.

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This article is part of the special cluster titled Social practices of remembering and forgetting of the communist past in Central and Eastern Europe, guest edited by Malgorzata Glowacka-Grajper Controversies over social memory form an important aspect of reality in the post-communist countries of Eastern Europe. On the one hand, there are debates about coming to terms with the communist past and the Second World War that preceded it (because important parts of the memory of the war were “frozen” during the communist era), and, on the other hand, and intimately connected to that, are discussions about the constant influence of communism on the current situation. This article presents some of the main trends in research on collective memory in the post-communist countries of Eastern Europe and reveals similarities and differences in the process of memorialization of communism in the countries of the region. Although there are works devoted to a comparative analysis of memory usage and its various interpretations in the political sphere in the countries of Eastern Europe, there are still many issues concerning daily practices (economic, religious, and cultural) associated with varying interpretations of the war and the communist past which needs further elaboration and analysis.
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Yahuda, Michael. "Deng Xiaoping: The Statesman". China Quarterly 135 (settembre 1993): 551–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741000013916.

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Alone of the world's Communist leaders, Deng Xiaoping has charted a course that has combined for his country rapid economic development, successful economic reform and openness to the capitalistic international economy with continued dictatorship by the Communist Party. Under his leadership Communist rule in China has survived the demise of Communism in Eastern Europe and the disintegration of the Soviet Union-the motherland of Communism. In the process the regime has weathered the ending of the Cold War and has become more engaged with the Asia-Pacific region. But Deng's reputation at home and abroad has been badly tarnished by his ruthlessness in masterminding the Tiananmen massacre of 4 June 1989. But that ruthlessness is absolutely central to Deng's political philosophy and strategy. For him it is the basis of order at home which alone ensures that the economic policies of reform and openness can be carried out without undermining Communist Party rule through the spread of liberal influences. In so far as statesmanship requires moral dimensions it will be necessary in assessing the quality of Deng's statesmanship to consider the meaning of statesmanship itself.
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Suleimenov, М. A., e G. M. Kappassova. "Soviet political regime in Kazakhstan during the period of «military communism»". Bulletin of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Political Science. Regional Studies. Oriental Studies. Turkology Series. 136, n. 3 (2021): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/26-16-6887/2021-136-3-57-65.

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The article deals with the emergence and activity of Soviet power institutions in Kazakhstan during the period of «war communism». During the years of «war communism», the construction of the Soviet state apparatus continued. An important feature of this process, researchers call the wide involvement of workers and peasants in state bodies. There was a change in the national composition of civil servants - after the revolution, they began to include representatives of many peoples of the former Russian Empire. In addition, many officials continued to work in Soviet state structures that began their careers during the Provisional Government or even the tsarist regime. The escalation of the civil war led to the emergence of emergency authorities not provided for by the Constitution of the USSR. On the ground, the functions of emergency services were performed by revolutionary committees. During the years of the Civil War and «war communism», the RCP (b) became the core of the Soviet political system. Thus, under the influence of wartime emergencies, a rigid military command system began to form in the country. The article reveals the specifics of the implementation of the policy of «war communism» in Kazakhstan, carried out by the Bolsheviks during the civil war of 1918-1920. As a result of the analysis, it was possible to determine that the policy of «war communism» in the regional aspect was carried out in line with general Soviet trends. It represented a set of measures of the Soviet government in the field of industry, agriculture, and social relations aimed at militarizing production and ensuring the combat capability of the Red Army. The specifics of the implementation of the policy of «war communism» in Kazakhstan were determined by the economic backwardness of the region and the nature of hostilities. These features should include: later than in the whole Soviet Union, the inclusion of the regions of Kazakhstan in the process of implementing measures of «war communism», their extension to the indigenous population, more rigid forms and methods of implementing military-communist construction. The result of the policy of «war communism» in Kazakhstan was a drop in production, especially in the agricultural sector of the economy, the famine of 1920-1922, which led to demographic losses of the population, mass migration of nomadic peoples outside the country, widespread peasant anti-Bolshevik protests and resistance of the indigenous population in the form of Basmachism. Based on archival materials and published works, the authors analyze the activities of Soviets and revkoms. In conclusion, conclusions are drawn that determine the nature of the origin and purpose of the Soviet institutions of power.
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Bunce, Valerie. "The National Idea: Imperial Legacies and Post-Communist Pathways in Eastern Europe". East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 19, n. 3 (agosto 2005): 406–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325405277963.

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Why has the national idea played such a powerful role, both positive and negative, in the regime, state, and economic transitions that have taken place in post-communist Eurasia? This article emphasizes the powerful but variable effects of imperial rule in this region, beginning with the Habsburgs and continuing through the more recent experiences of the Soviet bloc and the Yugoslav, Soviet, and Czechoslovak ethnofederations. The national idea, a product of very different experiences in the West, was transformed when moving eastward in the nineteenth century, largely because imperial contexts are not state contexts. The political empowerment of the national idea continued when imperial dynamics returned to the region with the rise of communism. As a result, post-communist Eastern Europe was unusually well situated to privilege nationalism in the struggles over new states and new economic and political regimes.
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Tesi sul tema "Communism by region"

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Fox, Katy. "EU integration as reconfiguration of value : work and resourcefulness in the Southern Carpathian Mountains of Romania". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2010. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=158872.

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My thesis focuses on agricultural livelihoods and EU integration in the Southern Carpathian Mountains of Romania.  I analyse how the EU’s Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) was deployed by policy makers and elites in the first year after EU membership, and how it shaped the livelihood possibilities of tarani (peasants).  Given the polarised nature of Romania’s post-socialist agrarian structure, the CAP excluded peasants from its policies, and demanded they change their exploatatii/ferme de subzistenta; (subsistence farms) into commercial farms.  Arguing from the premise that ‘subsistence farms’ are actually gospodarii taranesti (peasant households) working on different principles from farms altogether, it was possible to inquire into the strategies people deployed resourcefully in their everyday work to keep making a living. I analyse EU integration as a modern political and economic project that seeks to make the radically complicated pathways of people and things ‘transparent’.  I pursue the question of how the neoliberal expansion of economic rationality to all spheres of life shapes the actions of people. My ethnography captures the unease people felt in the face of the current transformation of value and illustrates how a much longer history of devaluing peasants has been taking place.  It makes clear how the devaluation of peasants and their produce is part of a larger epistemological project of development and progress.  My analytical framework enables me to show how the effects of polarisation and externalisation have had serious consequences for the ways people think about questions of freedom, success, merit and the ‘just state’ in Romania today.  My research suggests the need for a broader epistemological shift in the face of crisis, from a dominance approach towards commons thinking.
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Slade, Gavin Victor. "Mafia and anti-mafia in the Republic of Georgia : criminal resilience and adaptation since the collapse of Communism". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1a0fdb4a-a671-4675-840d-dea296bc5272.

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'Thieves-in-law' (vory-v-zakone in Russian or kanonieri qurdebi in Georgian) are career criminals belonging to a criminal fraternity that has existed at least since the 1930s in the Soviet Gulag. These actors still exist in one form or another in post-Soviet countries and have integrated into transnational organised criminal networks. For reasons yet to be explicated, thieves-in-law became exceptionally prevalent in the Soviet republic of Georgia. Here, by the 1990s, they formed a mafia network where this means criminal associations that attempt to monopolize protection in legal and illegal sectors of the economy. In 2005, Mikhail Saakashvili, the current president of Georgia claimed that 'in the past 15 years ... Georgia was not ruled by [former President] Shevardnadze, but by thieves-in-law.' Directly transferring anti-organised crime policy from Italy and America, Saakashvili's government made reform of the criminal justice system generally and an attack on the thieves-in-law specifically a cornerstone of the Rose Revolution. New legislation criminalises the possession of the status of ‘thief-in-law’ and of membership of criminal associations that constitute what is known as the ‘thieves’ world’ (qurduli samkaro). Along with a sweeping reform of the police and prisons and a ‘culture of lawfulness’ campaign, Georgian criminal justice reforms since 2003 may be seen as the first sustained anti-mafia policy to be implemented in a post-Soviet country. It also appears to have been very successful. The longevity and sudden decline of the thieves-in-law in Georgia provides the main questions that the following study addresses: How do we account for changes in the levels of resilience to state attack of actors carrying the elite criminal status of ‘thief-in-law’? How has this resilience been so effectively compromised since 2005? Utilising unique access to primary sources of data such as police files, court cases, archives and expert interviews this thesis studies the dynamics of changing mafia activities, recruitment practices, and structural forms of a criminal group as it relates to changes in the environment and, in particular, the recent anti-organised crime policy.
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Wilkinson, J. Eric. "Community nurseries in Strathclyde region 1989-1992". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298268.

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Rusden, Sally Anne 1954. "Management of the community economic base as a strategy for economic development". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276924.

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Application of economic base analysis at a multi-level scale illustrates the usefulness of this approach to tracking and measuring the economic flows and linkages between three defined areas. A census survey of employers in six rural communities of the White Mountain Region of Arizona is used to collect employment and sales data at a high level of specificity. These data serve as the basis for bifurcation of basic and nonbasic components necessary for estimating the multiplier. Measurement of these data determine the extent of economic dependence and spatial interaction which exist between communities, and between the region and the outside world. In addition, the study refines established procedures and applies a full range of adjustments to primary and secondary data sources to produce highly refined multipliers for the region and each community.
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Rojas, Rafael Oswaldo. "Grassroots organizations and markets two case studies in the Amazon region /". [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0003322.

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Kazhura, Yury, Paulo Bento Maffei de Souza e Heather Worosz. "Sustainable Community Development in the Baltic Sea Region". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för maskinteknik, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2250.

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This study examines Sustainable Community Development (SCD) in the context of the Baltic Sea Region. The research focuses on understanding a model for SCD piloted in Robertsfors, Sweden. The model is said to be transferable to any community around the world. This study seeks to understand the concepts and tools used in the Robertsfors Model. It also examines whether the model is strategic with regards to sustainability and whether it is successful in engaging the local community around these issues. Considerations for transferability are also addressed, focusing specifically on the Eastern Baltic Sea Region. Opportunities for improving the model are also studied. A combination of secondary research, in the form of literature review and primary research (structured interviews and questionnaires) was used to explore these questions. Propositions about SCD and questions for further research emerged from this study.
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Bean, Molly Kate. "Community attachment and engagement in an exurban Ohio region". Connect to resource, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1247846054.

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Carvalheiro, Katia. "Community fire management in the Maraba Region, Brazilian Amazonia". [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0005582.

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Yuen, Kwok-kuen Patrick, e 袁國權. "Macau Grand Prix international community". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31984344.

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Metallic, Janine Elizabeth. "Understanding diabetes in a Cree community : a qualitative study". Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82293.

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The purpose of this study was to explore aboriginal perspectives of diabetes, nutrition and health so as to eventually develop culturally-appropriate means of implementing diabetes prevention and intervention activities. The participants included community members living in an Eastern James Bay Cree community in northern Quebec. In this qualitative research study, in-depth interviews, focus groups, and participant observation were used for data collection. Key themes that emerged from analyzing the in-depth interviews were "re-presented" using "found poetry" so as to capture the participants' experiences and perspectives using their own words. Focus groups were carried out to share the initial findings from the in-depth interviews as well as to elicit additional feedback from the community.
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Libri sul tema "Communism by region"

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G, Volkov I︠U︡, a cura di. Kavkazskiĭ region: Puti stabilizat︠s︡ii : doklady mezhdunarodnoĭ nauchnoĭ konferent︠s︡ii. Rostov-na-Donu: Rostovskiĭ gos. universitet, 2004.

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Švob-Đokić, Nada. The creative city: Crossing visions and new realities in the region. Zagreb: Institute for International Relations, 2007.

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Egge, Reimer. Kommunistische Bewegung und Aktivitäten in der Region Uelzen seit den 20er Jahren bis zur Auflösung der DDR: Uelzen in den 20er Jahren bis 1989. Uelzen: Verlag der Stadt Uelzen, 2009.

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Wolfgang, Freund, a cura di. Perestroïka et les rapports Nord-Sud en Méditerranée: Colloque international, Tunis, du 29.11. au 01.12. 1990. Hamburg: Deutsches Orient-Institut, 1992.

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Meštrović, Stjepan Gabriel. Habits of the Balkan heart: Social character and the fall of Communism. College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1993.

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Badran, Arwa, Shatha Abu-Khafajah e Sarah Elliott, a cura di. Community Heritage in the Arab Region. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07446-2.

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Ilʹin, V. A. kandidat ėkonomicheskikh nauk. e Vologodskiĭ nauchno-koordinat︠s︡ionnyĭ t︠s︡entr T︠S︡ĖMI RAN., a cura di. Prostranstvennye aspekty razvitii︠a︡ regiona. Vologda: VNKT︠S︡ T︠S︡ĖMI RAN, 2008.

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Ilʹin, V. A. kandidat ėkonomicheskikh nauk. e Vologodskiĭ nauchno-koordinat︠s︡ionnyĭ t︠s︡entr T︠S︡ĖMI RAN., a cura di. Prostranstvennye aspekty razvitii︠a︡ regiona. Vologda: VNKT︠S︡ T︠S︡ĖMI RAN, 2008.

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Mesa, Ricardo Mosquera. Universidad y región. Neiva [Colombia]: Universidad Surcolombiana, 1986.

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Kordan, Bohdan S. Ukrainian community needs-assessment study: Prairie region. Edmonton, Alta: Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies, University of Alberta, 1985.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Communism by region"

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Edwards, Vincent, Gennady Polonsky e Avgust Polonsky. "The Povolzhsky Region". In The Russian Province After Communism, 13–39. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333983232_2.

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Amborski, David, e Ray Lister. "Toronto: A Livable City/Region". In Community Livability, 84–102. Second Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2020. | “First edition published by Routledge 2012”–T.p. verso.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315111636-8.

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Chun, Hongchan. "The Russian Federation and a New Security Order in the Asia-Pacific Region". In Post-Communist States in the World Community, 237–62. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-26380-6_13.

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Boshnakova, Dessislava, e Desislava Dankova. "The Media in Eastern Europe". In Springer Studies in Media and Political Communication, 163–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32216-7_7.

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AbstractMedia systems are always in the process of change. Countries in Eastern Europe have similarities, but at the same time present major differences. Analysis indicates that press freedom, foreign ownership, political parallelism, and the strength of public service broadcasting have a strong correlation. Analysis indicates that press freedom, foreign ownership, political parallelism, and the strength of public service broadcasting have a strong correlation, even though significant differences exist among countries. Thus, it is difficult to argue for a unique type of Eastern European media system.Overall, the historical background of political parallelism and advocacy journalism in Eastern Europe is rooted in the legacy of the communist era, where the media was used as a tool of the state to control the flow of information and promote the government’s agenda. Despite the fall of communism and the transition to democracy in many countries in the region, these practices have persisted in some cases.Media systems in Central and Eastern Europe cannot be classified as a single model but can instead be divided into three different types. Romania, Hungary, and Bulgaria have high levels of political parallelism and low levels of press freedom. Central media systems (Czech Republic, Croatia, Poland, and Slovenia) have strong public service broadcasting and low levels of foreign ownership. Northern systems (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Slovakia) have the highest levels of press freedom, the highest levels of foreign ownership, and the lowest levels of political parallelism.
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Elachouri, Mostafa, Noureddine Chaachouay, Allal Douria, Lehcen Zidane, Imane Ouasti e Rainer W. Bussmann. "Myrtus communis L.Myrtaceae". In Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions, 1–7. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13933-8_148-1.

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Sow, Nohan. "Transnational cooperation for effective management of World Heritage Sites in Africa: Case of the biodiversity of the Gourma, Mali". In Managing Transnational UNESCO World Heritage sites in Africa, 177–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80910-2_16.

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AbstractThe Gourma region of Mali (hereafter ‘the Gourma’) is located in the Sahelian zone; it comprises 18 communes, divided between 3 administrative regions (Mopti, Timbuktu and Gao). In 1959, part of the Gourma region (about 1.25 million hectares) was classified as an ‘Elephant Reserve’ by Law n° 59-53/AL/RS of 30 December 1959. It was inscribed onto the UNESCO Tentative List in August 2017.
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Paniagua-Zambrana, Narel Y., Rainer W. Bussmann e Carolina Romero. "Ricinus communis L. Euphorbiaceae". In Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions, 1–7. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77093-2_251-1.

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Paniagua-Zambrana, Narel Y., Rainer W. Bussmann e Carolina Romero. "Ricinus communis L. Euphorbiaceae". In Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions, 1569–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28933-1_251.

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Elachouri, Mostafa, Mohammed Ouasti, Imane Ouasti e Rainer W. Bussmann. "Ricinus communis L. Euphorbiaceae". In Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions, 1–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13933-8_177-1.

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Lombardi, Gabriele, Cesare Manetti e Barbara Staniscia. "Urban Food Markets and Community Development". In RaumFragen: Stadt – Region – Landschaft, 153–57. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-41499-3_11.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Communism by region"

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Medeubaev, Yerlan. "Mechanisms and Practices of the Implementation of Natural Labor conscription in the Era of “War Communism” in the Steppe Region and Turkestan in 1918–1921". In The Civil War in Russia: Exit Problems, Historical Consequences, Lessons for Modernity. Novosibirsk: Parallel, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31518/978-5-98901-255-8-132-147.

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Abos, Ileana Ana. "CULTURAL HERITAGE AT THE CROSSROADS: THE RENAISSANCE CASTLES OF THE MURE? VALLEY, TRANSYLVANIA, ROMANIA IN THE 20TH-21ST CENTURIES". In 10th SWS International Scientific Conferences on ART and HUMANITIES - ISCAH 2023. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscah.2023/fs05.06.

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The Mure? Valley is one of Romania's most culturally cohesive landscapes. Its cultural heritage intertwines with Western and Central Europe. Europe's cultural heritage includes this region's heritage. Starting in the 16th century, several noble residences were constructed in this region in magnificent geographical surroundings. Some of these were built according to designs based on Italian Renaissance architectural treatises. The most impressive style of Transylvanian Renaissance architecture is represented by these monuments. These belonged to noble and princely families, and they varied greatly in terms of size and demand. Around them, parks were constructed, and the castle contained a remarkable collection of books and artwork. After being nationalised in 1949, they underwent significant changes under communism. Some of these changes destroyed them, and others are irreparable. This work aims to illustrate the changes the magnificent Renaissance mansions of the nobility have undergone over time. These changes occurred in the 20th and 21st centuries. On the inside, there were numerous changes. In addition, the parks that border these architectural complexes have been changed or eliminated. The cultural landscape has irrevocably changed. Our research shows three main categories of Renaissance castles in the Mures Valley. A) Saved monuments, where you can see how they were preserved and incorporated into tourist routes. It may also involve returning castles to the community. B) Crumbling castles represent the opposing polarity. C) Castles undergoing restoration. According to their legal standing, castles are either privately owned, owned by the state, or owned by Catholic or Reformed churches. Preserving these monuments and the cultural landscape they generate preserves a significant part of our implicit cultural heritage and European identity.
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Azer, Özlem Arzu. "Political and Economic Integration of the Central Asian and South Caucasian Turkish Republics into the Global World". In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c02.00244.

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With the dissolution of Soviet Union, former Soviet Republics’ central planned economy transformed into free market economy and structural reforms were made as parallel of this development. These former socialist countries have some diffficulties to adopt capitalism due to absence of some fundamental feautures of capitalism and inheritance of Soviet Union. Ending big threat of communism, the jeo-strategical importance of the region increased for the West because these countries own the oil and gas resources besides they are starting point or transit country of the energy pipelines. However, these transition countries could not develop economically and poverty became the major problem for most of Central Asian and South Caucasian Turkic Republics. As economic problems lead weakness of governance, ethnical conflicts and border conflicts threat these new independent countries. The region seems in the center of war for power due to rich natural resources and pipelines as well as the connection point to Afghanistan and being the exit to the Black Sea. This paper seeks economic situations of Central Asian and South Caucasian Turkic Republics which jeo-strategical importance increased due to natural resources and geographic location during Post Cold-War era. This work is based on statistical data provided by United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics Database (COMTRADE), United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and International Monetary Fund (IMF), covering the period of 1990-2008 and contains Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan.
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LIANU, Costin, e Corina GUDEI. "Economic diplomacy, community in macro-regional perspective - the case of Danube region". In The 4th International Conference on Economic Sciences and Business Administration. Fundatia Romania de Maine, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26458/v4.i1.28.

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Pozhilov, I. E. "White Enclaves in the Central Soviet Region of China". In IV Международный научный форум "Наследие". SB RAS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/978-5-6049863-1-8-72-77.

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The paper, based on sources that are mostly unknown to native researchers and labeled “For internal distribution only”, deals with the problem 77 of the integrity and spatial unity of the Soviet regions of China using the example of the Central revolutionary base of the CCP? Which was previously practically not covered by any Russian? Nor Western historiography; there are no publications on the theme of Chinese historians at all. The paper refutes the unshakable thesis of the official historical literature of the PRC about a stable and territorially all-encompassing communist regime within the region, which fundamentally excludes the presence on its lands of enclaves that are not controlled by the Communist Party and, moreover, actively fought for the preservation of traditional foundations.
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Satoh, Shigeru. "Making Sustainable Network-Community for Refugees from Fukushima Nuclear Plant Disaster on Stable Historic Castle Town and Region". In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.4983.

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After Fukushima nuclear power generation plant accident disaster, all of residents in the area contaminated by radioactivity, and all public facilities are evacuated to surrounding regions or more remote cities by central government’s directions. So refugee temporary housing estates are scattered and aged people left there after six years since the disaster. Namie town is the biggest one in these area. City of Nihonmastu is typical Japanese castle town city and adjacent to contaminated area, and accepted many Nanie refugees, temporary housings, town office and schools, hospitals and industry site, so on. Fukushima Namie Recovering Project team, organized by NPO Shinmachi-Namie and Waseda university, proposed Network-community connecting several refugee housing estates, evacuated public facilities and other city cores. It is necessary to connect them and reintegrate their community facilitating “supporting system for network community” in practice. This vision of Network-community would be adapted to the historical stable region, which involves various dispersed, aged and isolated communities. Nihonmatsu, as the Castle Town City of Nakadori-region in Fukushima prefecture, attracts people’s attention by its historical urban areas, old streets and lots of unoccupied housing and so on. That is, it is very hard to let Nihonmatsu people think optimistically about the shelter for Namie evacuees. Nevertheless, the areas of Nakadori region including Nihonmatsu may cooperate with the Namie evacuee and energize the ruined coastline by “Network Community” – the network that encompasses various historical traditions that still exist today as the regional resources; thus, the vision of future Fukushima is expectable.
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Veckalne, Regina, e Tatjana Tambovceva. "SUSTAINABLE REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING". In 12th International Scientific Conference „Business and Management 2022“. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2022.799.

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Issues of global and regional planning have been on the agenda for many years. The aim of this paper is to explore various approaches to regional development and analyse their relevance to reaching sustainability in the area. Despite the well-known idea of sustainability being dependent on the three pillars: economy, society, and environment, we notice that the social aspect, especially the involvement of the local community in the decision-making process of regional developing planning lacks enough attention. In this research, we emphasize the importance of the bottom-up approach of regional planning. We used bibliometric analysis for detecting the state of the art for regional development planning questions, then we examined the problem of forming a system for ensuring the sustainable development of the region and proposed a program-targeted approach to determine the integral indicators of such development. We also suggested stages of implementation of the strategic plan at the regional level. We concluded that it is important to create national development plans utilizing a regional approach, which involves local projects and programs, which benefit not just the economy and ecological state of the regions, but also the inhabitants of those regions.
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Zadorin, Artem. "The Political Situation in the Krasnoyarsk Region in 2020: Analysis of Main Events". In Irkutsk Historical and Economic Yearbook 2021. Baikal State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/978-5-7253-3040-3.30.

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The main events of political life of Krasnoyarsk Region in 2020 are analyzed. In particular, analyzed process of voting on amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation in the region; arrest of businessman Anatoly Bykov; activities of the regional branch of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation.
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Shoemaker, Z., L. Eaton, F. Petit, R. Fisher e M. Collins. "Assessing community and region emergency-services capabilities". In DISASTER MANAGEMENT 2011. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/dman110101.

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Wijonarko, Arman, Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra, Taufan Alam e Priyono Suryanto. "Quality Improvement the Off-Farm and On-Farm of Menoreh Coffee toward Sustainable Agriculture in Sidoharjo Village". In 3rd International Conference on Community Engagement and Education for Sustainable Development. AIJR Publisher, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.151.9.

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Menoreh mountainous region, especially the Samigaluh district, has been long known as a coffee producer in Yogyakarta Special Region. The coffee trees were planted with other kinds of trees, known locally as “Kebun Campur”. The advantages of “Kebun Campur” in those regions were its capability to provide food resilience and sustainability. Meanwhile, “Kebun Campur” usually has low productivity due to poor maintenance and tight competition with other plants in a small area. We introduced high-yield and aroma coffee clones from National Coffee and Cocoa Research Center (Puslitkoka), supervising the local farmer in making good coffee-tree framing to support good harvest and easy picking of coffee beans. To support environmentally good farming practices, we also introduce how to produce Liquid Organic Fertilizers based on local resources. In the Off-farm aspects, we are introducing knowledge on how to process fresh coffee beans and how to operate a mini gas-powered roasting machine so that the farmer could get more value-added on their coffee beans.
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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Communism by region"

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Rodríguez, Ennio, e Anneke Jessen. The Caribbean Community: Facing the Challenges of Regional and Global Integration. Inter-American Development Bank, gennaio 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008676.

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On 4 July 1998, the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) celebrated its twenty-fifth anniversary. CARICOM is one of the oldest integration schemes in the Western Hemisphere, the largest in terms of membership, yet by far the smallest in economic and geographic terms. In the wake of its historic anniversary, many have reflected on the Community's past achievements and future prospects. Has CARICOM served the development goals of its member states? Will it assist them in pursuing those goals into the next century? How can regional integration facilitate CARICOM's successful insertion into the global economy? The aim of this study is to answer those questions and, in doing so, to contribute to the ongoing debate on the future of CARICOM. With some exceptions, CARICOM economies have either stagnated or grown very slowly, and high unemployment has become chronic. Despite important policy changes, export diversification has been limited and insufficient for generating satisfactory growth rates. Size constraints have always hampered the potential for growth based on domestic markets and intra-CARICOM trade; decreased protectionism makes the size limitations even more evident. The region's overall export performance has been unsatisfactory despite privileged market access conditions. Today those conditions are becoming less favorable. Foreign aid, a key contributor to development in past decades, is also diminishing. CARICOM is clearly at a crossroads. Chapter I provides a general overview of the Caribbean Community, key features of its economies and the challenges facing the region on the eve of the new millenium. Chapter II offers an overview of the regional integration process, including progress on intra-regional trade liberalization, the deepening and the widening of CARICOM. Chapter III examines the external challenges facing the region today, particularly as regards its trade relations with Europe, the United States, Canada and Latin America. Chapter IV examines key areas of the services sector, both in terms of enhancing the region's export potential and supporting the establishment of a functioning single market. Chapter V briefly examines the Community's institutional structure, outlining existing bottlenecks to the effective design, implementation and enforcement of common policies. Chapter VI provides an analytical justification for promoting integration and cooperation initiatives in the region, and suggests a number of actions that could be taken to enhance the development prospects of CARICOM. The study argues that despite the limited contribution of regional integration efforts to economic development in the region so-far, integration can play a beneficial role if pursued under the right framework and with the right instruments.
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Lyammouri, Rida. Central Mali: Armed Community Mobilization in Crisis. RESOLVE Network, novembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/cbags2021.4.

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The proliferation of community-based armed groups (CBAGs) in Mali’s Mopti and Ségou Regions has contributed to transforming Central Mali into a regional epicenter of conflict since 2016. Due to the lack of adequate presence of the state, certain vulnerable, conflict-affected communities resorted to embracing non-state armed groups as security umbrellas in the context of inter-communal violence. These local conflicts are the result of long-standing issues over increasing pressure on natural resources, climate shocks, competing economic lifestyles, nepotistic and exclusionary resource management practices, and the shifting representations of a segregated, historically constructed sense of ethnic identities in the region. This report untangles the legitimacy of armed groups, mobilizing factors, and the multi-level impact of violence implicating CBAGs. It further explores the relations amongst different actors, including the state, armed groups, and communities. The findings provide relevant insight for context-specific policy design toward conflict resolution and hybrid security governance.
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Mueggler, Walter F. Aspen community types of the Intermountain Region. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/int-gtr-250.

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Benyus, Janine M., Richard R. Buech e Mark D. Nelson. Wildlife in the Upper Great Lakes Region: a community profile. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Research Station, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nc-rp-301.

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Colocousis, Chris, e Luke Rogers. Race, class, and community in a southern forest-dependent region. University of New Hampshire Libraries, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.34051/p/2020.102.

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Nowak, David J., e Eric J. Greenfield. Urban and community forests of the Pacific region: California, Oregon, Washington. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nrs-gtr-65.

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Engel, Chandler, Rachel Hastings, Jeremy Giovando, Eric Gabel, Caroline Duncan e Travis Dahl. Summary of ground-based snow measurements for the Northeastern United States. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), aprile 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44122.

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Snow is an important resource for both communities and ecosystems of the Northeastern United States. Both flood risk management and water supply forecasts for major municipalities, including New York City, depend on the collection of snowpack information. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to summarize all of the snowpack data from ground-based networks currently available in the Northeast. The collection of snow-depth and snow water equivalent information extends back several decades, and there are over 2,200 active sites across the region. Sites are distributed across the entire range of elevations in the region. The number of locations collecting snow information has increased substantially in the last 20 years, primarily from the expansion of the CoCoRaHS (Community Collaborative Rain, Hail, and Snow) network. Our summary of regional snow measurement locations provides a foundation for future studies and analysis, including a template for other regions of the United States.
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Carruth, Lauren. Key Considerations: Social, Structural and Community Dynamics of Cholera Transmission and Mortality in Ethiopia. Institute of Development Studies, aprile 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2024.004.

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The current cholera outbreak in the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia began in August 2022. As of April 2024, active outbreaks had been recorded in most regions of the country, including: Amhara; Dire Dawa; Harari; Oromia; Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples’ Region (SNNPR); Somali and Tigray. This brief has been developed to support response efforts by exploring the social and structural determinants and community dynamics of cholera infection and mortality in Ethiopia. Socio-cultural and epidemiological information, academic and grey literature and consultations with cholera response experts in Ethiopia have been used to develop the brief.
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Daniels, Lisa. Regional Community Wind Conferences, Great Plains Windustry Project. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), febbraio 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1079157.

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McCall, Jamie. Community Development in the Southeast: Regional Economic Indicators. Carolina Small Business Development Fund, giugno 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46712/comm.dev.se.

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