Tesi: "Commerce" – Grafiati

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Marti, Nadal, e Venouil Charles. "M-commerce : M-commerce: a consumer perspective". Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-22932.

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E-commerce and m-commerce are, currently, both becoming a strong and important way of making business. This thesis aims to find out and analyze the reaction of people in front of the new phenomenon m-commerce in, not only, accessing to information, but also, conducting transactions through mobile devices.The reaction of people has been studied by observing and analyzing existing theories stating in m-commerce. The empirical studies were conducted through the administration of a questionnaire to a sample of 250 young European inhabitants. This survey aimed to collect primary data.The findings show that m-commerce in general is well perceived by customers. It can be a good way to make business depending on the sector companies are involving. Even if m-advertising can be considered as a good communication tool by companies, it appears that most of customers are not enthusiastic to receive any m-advertisement on their smart phone. However, companies can see in m-commerce a way to differentiate themselves such as offering m-payment possibility.

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Corrêa, João Batista. "E-commerce". Florianópolis, SC, 2002. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/83703.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção.
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Esta dissertação tem como objetivo identificar as principais características do e-commerce que influenciam no processo de decisão de compra via internet, tendo o consumidor on-line como centro deste estudo. Evidenciou-se o processo de decisão de compra por este possibilitar uma análise de cada etapa "percorrida" pelo consumidor ao realizar suas compras via internet. Para isso, no primeiro momento, foi utilizada a pesquisa exploratória , a partir de um roteiro semi-estruturado de entrevista, para efeito de uma análise em profundidade, de modo a aproveitar a experiência dos entrevistados na utilização do e-commerce. Os conteúdos foram sendo incluídos à medida que foram relevantes ao estudo. Já no segundo momento, foi utilizada a pesquisa descritiva, através de um questionário estruturado, objetivando a confirmação ou não dos resultados da primeira pesquisa. A informação precisa sobre os produtos e a conveniência em adquirí-los, a qualquer hora do dia ou da noite, sete dias por semana e em qualquer lugar, são as principais características apontadas pelos entrevistados, somadas a comodidade, como principal benefício. This dissertation aims to identify the main characteristics of the e-commerce that influence, tends the consuming on-line as center of this study. The process of purchase decision was evidenced by this to facilitate an analysis of each stage " traveled " by the consumer when accomplishing its purchases through internet. For that the exploratory research was used, starting from a semi-structured route of interview, for effect of an analysis in depth, in way to take advantage of the interviewees' experience in the use of the e-commerce. The contents went being included as they were important to the study. The convenience in acquiring the product to any hour of the day or of the night, seven days a week and, anywhere, it is the main characteristic pointed by the interviewees, and the comfort, the main benefit.

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Moskorz, Rafael Roberto. "M-commerce". Florianópolis, SC, 2002. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/83802.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção.
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O trabalho apresentado a seguir tem por objetivo estudar estratégias para a difusão do M-Commerce, uma variação do E-Commerce (comércio eletrônico) onde o comércio é feito usando aparelhos conectados a redes sem fio e, por isto mesmo, móveis, o que justifica o "M" da sigla. Neste trabalho primeiramente são lançadas as definições do comércio eletrônico, mantendo-se o escopo do trabalho no segmento Business-to-Consumer. Em seguida, o trabalho fala brevemente sobre a economia digital e o marketing digital. Logo após, as tecnologias que envolvem o M-Commerce são discutidas, se dividindo em três componentes básicos: tecnologias de comunicação (WAP, Bluetooth, redes sem fio por pacotes), tecnologias de troca de informação (linguagens) e tecnologias de identificação e localização do usuário. Após esta discussão, são apresentados produtos potenciais e o panorama tecnológico atual, no Brasil e no mundo. No capítulo seguinte fala-se da difusão de inovações, usando principalmente o modelo de Rogers (1995). Neste capítulo descreve-se os elementos que compõem a difusão de inovações (a inovação, os canais de comunicação, o tempo e o sistema social) e são levantados os fatores que devem ser levados em conta na difusão de uma nova tecnologia (econômicos, tecnológicos e culturais). Por fim, são levantadas possíveis construções estratégicas para a difusão do M-Commerce. Para este fim, é usado principalmente o modelo de construção de estratégias de Sawyer (1986), baseado nos três fundamentos de uma estratégia (produto, mercado e negócio), abordados à luz do M-Commerce e da difusão de inovações. Como resultado, chega-se às considerações mais importantes que devem ser tomadas para que o M-Commerce possa crescer e se difundir, bem como aos desafios que terá de enfrentar para que isto ocorra.

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Silva, Nildo Carlos da. "E-commerce". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/86948.

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Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção, Florianópolis, 2004
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Este trabalho apresenta um modelo de comércio eletrônico, cujo contexto é ofertar a informação como um produto comercial. Apresenta uma topologia para este propósito, propõe a construção de portais com servidores de aplicativos dedicados, os quais poderão ser acessados mediante duas modalidade de aquisição da informação. O modelo contextualiza a implementação de programas embutidos nos aplicativos principais, cuja finalidade, é gerar logs de todas as transações e eventos que ocorrem durante uma sessão de uma determinada aplicação, estes são compilados em tempo real para mapear a tarifação conforme a opção do cliente. O trabalho apresenta os diagramas de blocos e seus relacionamentos, bem como a implementação do modelo.
This work proposes to develop an electronic commerce model, which context is to offer the information as a commercial product. For this purpose a topology is presented with the construction of portals with dedicated application servers, which could be accessed by two information acquisition modalities. The model brings into context the implementation of programs embedded in the main applications, which main functionality is to generate logs of all transactions and events that take place during a section of a certain application, these are compiled in real time to map billing according to customer#s option. The work presents the block diagrams and their relationships, as well as the implementation of the model.

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Segretario, Carmela <1995&gt. "E-commerce e cross-border e-commerce in Giappone: il commercio elettronico come mezzo di crescita e internazionalizzazione per l’impresa". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/19625.

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L’avvento delle tecnologie dell'informazione e della comunicazione (ICT) e la conseguente necessità di digitalizzazione nella società contemporanea hanno reso il commercio elettronico una tematica fondamentale e perciò non più trascurabile. I numeri dell’e-commerce continuano a subire nel mondo un costante aumento di anno in anno, sottolineando l’importanza economica che riveste questa realtà. Un fenomeno che si inquadra in questo contesto è quello del cross-border e-commerce, ovvero del commercio elettronico transfrontaliero. Il presente elaborato ha l’obiettivo di analizzare la situazione dell’ultimo decennio dell’e-commerce e, in particolar modo, del cross-border e-commerce in Giappone. L’analisi inizierà con una contestualizzazione del tema riguardante il mondo e l’Italia, per poi focalizzarsi specificatamente sul Giappone. Saranno ripercorsi la nascita e la diffusione di internet e del commercio elettronico in Giappone, dal primo scambio commerciale per corrispondenza del 1876 fino alla vendita digitale contemporanea. Si passerà in seguito ad un approfondimento sulla storia e sui modelli di business dei siti web di e-commerce più influenti per fatturato, come Amazon, Rakuten, Yahoo! Shopping, ZOZOTOWN, Mercari e Yahoo! Auctions. In secondo luogo, saranno analizzate le caratteristiche e lo stato del commercio online transfrontaliero attraverso statistiche governative, studi accademici o documenti di organizzazioni per il commercio estero, con particolare riguardo alla possibilità dell’impresa di espandersi in Giappone attraverso il commercio elettronico rivolto ai consumatori. Dai dati resi disponibili dal ministero dell’economia, del commercio e dell’industria giapponese e dall’Agenzia per la promozione all’estero e l’internazionalizzazione delle imprese italiane (ICE) si evince che, sia in Italia che in Giappone, il cross-border e-commerce non abbia ancora raggiunto uno stadio avanzato di maturità, mentre sia maggiormente sviluppato in altri mercati come quello cinese. Eppure, per un Giappone alle prese con un continuo calo dei consumi causato dalla diminuzione progressiva della natalità e della popolazione, potrebbe rivelarsi un ottimo alleato per espandere il proprio raggio economico verso nuovi territori. Per l’Italia, d’altro canto, potrebbe costituire una possibilità concreta per superare gradualmente la situazione di arretratezza digitale in cui attualmente versa. A riprova di ciò, sarà infine citata l’azienda YOOX NET-A-PORTER GROUP come esempio di e-commerce utilizzato con successo per l’export dall’Italia al Giappone.

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Corbitso, Kenneth, Thomas Ash e Neil Pisone. "Combining the Benefits of Traditional Commerce and E-Commerce with M-Commerce benefits in the Retail Industry". Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hållbar samhälls- och teknikutveckling, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-12840.

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The convergence of traditional and electronic commerce practices is being driven by the need for businesses to keep up with the ever increasing competition of online retailing. This thesis aims to examine and analyze the possible benefits that may arise via the use and development of rapidly evolving mobile technology, through analyzing the benefits of each of the forms of commerce during outlined stages of retail process, in order to evaluate to what extend the benefits can be combined. The benefits of each form of commerce were studied by observing existing theories and validated as perceived benefits through consumer surveys and management interviews.The theoretical part of this thesis is based on academic literature in the subject of Traditional commerce, Electronic commerce and Mobile commerce. The empirical studies were conducted as both qualitative and quantitative research, with a consumer survey conducted with 350 students, as well as two interviews with managers of retail stores in Västerås, Sweden.Results of the analysis shows that Mobile commerce has a role to play in better combining the benefits of traditional and electronic commerce and results in a combined figure implementing the findings into a working model, which we have dubbed ‘the four I’s of commerce’. The results are aimed at aiding retail managers in determining whether or not to implement a revised business model including the aspect of mobile commerce.

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Mehenni, Sadaoui. "Electronic commerce : Consumers’ perception of mobile social commerce in Sweden". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för informatik (IK), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-97359.

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The evolution of mobile telephony and social media platforms gave birth to different new concepts of electronic commerce (e-commerce), such as mobile commerce (m-commerce) and social commerce (s-commerce). In 2014 a new concept called mobile social commerce (mscommerce) was introduced. This concept occurs when e-commerce activities are performed on social media platforms using mobile devices. Many researchers did look into e-commerce and its different concepts, but not so many did look into ms-commerce, especially when it comes to exploring the consumers’ perception of this concept and their shopping motivation. The aim of this study is to explore the relation between ms-commerce and the Swedish consumers in order to find out what is the consumers’ perception of ms-commerce in Sweden, and how ms-commerce affects consumers’ shopping motivation. To do this a qualitative approach is used where interviews with 9 people using ms-commerce platforms to buy products were conducted. The research is based on the extended unified theory of acceptance and use of technology model (UTAUT2). The findings of this study indicate that consumers perceive ms-commerce in Sweden as a very useful and entertaining technology that has economic benefits for the consumers, but they also perceive it to have privacy issues and to be lacking trustworthiness. Furthermore, the findings strongly suggest that ms-commerce comments on products available on ms-commerce platforms have a direct influence on consumers’ shopping motivation, the live chat feature available on ms-commerce platforms is a very good tool that has a positive influence on consumers shopping motivation, and targeted advertisement in ms-commerce has no influence on consumers’ shopping motivation.

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Balmaceda, Celedón Álvaro Mauricio Cristián. "Framework E-Commerce". Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2016. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/139907.

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Ingeniero Civil en Computación
Una de las actividades más populares en la web es comprar. Los sitios web dedicados al comercio tienen una oportunidad única totalmente nueva para desarrollar negocios. Existe la oportunidad de desarrollar vetajas competitivas significativas en sus respectivos mercados creando experiencias gratas para el usuario. El éxito dependerá en perfeccionar los esfuerzos para abordar las expeciencias de clientes centrados en el usuario. Los Frameworks Open Source disponibles permiten desarrollar una gran variedad de soluciones e-Commerce, además de tener grandes comunidades que las respaldan así como muchísimos usuarios satisfechos. Sin embargo, todas estas opciones fueron construidas en un contexto en donde el poder de procesamiento de los clientes era limitado. Muy distinto al actual panorama, en donde la web ha madurado alcanzando una serie de características que mejoran las experiencias de los usuarios. El presente trabajo propone una solución tecnológica base para apoyar el desarrollo de diferentes soluciones e-Commerce donde es posible (en comparación a los Frameworks actuales): resultados más rápidos, ideal para prototipos y productos entregables mínimos; una solución integral que desarrolla características para servidores, browsers y dispositivos móviles; contruido nativamente con capacidades tiempo-real para minimizar el esfuerzo en desarollo; e integración de herramientas de desarrollo para hacer que la configuración, desarrollo, e instalación sea extremadamente rápido. Durante el trabajo de título se logró desarrollar una plataforma con base sólida construida a partir de las buenas prácticas obtenidas por la experiencia de los actuales sitios web e-Commerce, pero con características de las aplicaciones web modernas tales como reactividad y tiempo-real, lo que le entrega ventajas competitivas. El mayor aporte de este trabajo fue el desarrollo de una arquitectura genérica útil para cualquier aplicación web. Finalmente se plantean transformaciones útiles en la arquitectura que beneficiarán también al framework.

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Zapata, Liempi Cristina, e Barraza Fernando Depix. "E-Commerce www.lacumbreonline.cl". Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2014. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/130303.

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Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Marketing
Autores no autorizan el acceso a texto completo de su documento
Zapata Liempi, Cristina (Parte I), Depix Barraza, Fernando (Parte II)
En el presente estudio se detalla el proyecto de plan de marketing a realizar para el sitio de E-Commerce de la empresa La Cumbre Limitada, empresa que se desenvuelve dentro del nicho de mercado del comercio electrónico de equipamiento deportivo para realizar montañismo, escalada y trekking. Un nicho en el que se observan varios competidores, dos de estos con mayor proyección, pero todos se caracterizan por utilizar sus sitios web solamente como una herramienta transaccional, con muy poca diferenciación entre ellos y ninguno ofrece una propuesta de valor distinta que permita una ventaja competitiva. Frente a esta situación, y al crecimiento anual estimado de un 20% a 30% para el comercio electrónico en el país, se presenta una excelente oportunidad para tomar ventaja con una propuesta de valor única y diferenciada que permita una mayor penetración de mercado. Para la realización de este plan de marketing se utilizaron fuentes de información segundaria, junto con encuestas electrónicas realizadas a los clientes y un benchmarking entre el sitio de E-Commerce actual de La Cumbre con los sitios de la competencia. Esto permitió detectar los factores a mejorar del sitio actual y a establecer los objetivos y estrategias para alcanzarlos. La principal estrategia a utilizar será una Estrategia de Contenido de Marca que permitirá atraer clientes al sitio web y se lograra llevar al online una fortaleza offline de la empresa, que es la asesoría y el consejo experto que presta la fuerza de ventas en la tienda física de la empresa. Con esto se busca disminuir el riesgo frente a compras de alta implicancia para los clientes y que finalmente compren en el nuevo sitio. El presupuesto necesario para el plan de marketing es de $16.334.320 y con él se pretende aumentar la participación de mercado de un 7% a un 11% representando un ingreso por ventas durante el primer año de $ 155.257.143.

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Ouahmed, Dalil. "Le commerce équitable". Montpellier 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON10051.

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La notoriété du commerce équitable s'est envolée ces dernières années au point qu'une majorité de consommateurs sont capables de définir aisément le concept: payer un produit de consommation un peu plus cher afin de garantir une rémunération équitable pour les producteurs du Sud qui ont contribué à sa production, le plus souvent en fournissant la matière première. La diffusion de ce commerce a permis de rendre compte des conséquences désastreuses pour ces producteurs d'une mondialisation, où la recherche de l'efficience économique d'un monde libéralisé associé à la déréglementation des marchés, sont la norme. En réponse à ces dérives, des actions émanant de la société civile, à l'instar du commerce équitable, se sont développées pour mettre en place un nouveau type de régulation. L'économie solidaire prenait ainsi place dans notre environnement réaffirmant la place de valeurs non marchandes dans notre économie
The notoriety of the equitable trade flew away these years, so much so that a majority of consumers are able to define the concept easily: to pay a product for human consumption a little expensive in order to guarantee an equitable remuneration for the producers who contributed to his production, generally by providing the raw material. The diffusion of this trade made it possible to account for the disastrous consequences for these producers of a universalization, where the research of the economic efficiency of a liberalized world associated the deregulation of the markets, gone is standard. Ln reponse to this drifts, actions emanating of the civil company, following the example equitable trade, developed to set up a new type of regulation. The interpendent economy took seat in our environ ment reaffirming the place of non commercial values in our economy

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Коркошко, А. В., e Елена Петровна Черных. "Использование промышленной платформы Oracle|ATG Web Commerce commerce для электронной торговли". Thesis, Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2015. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/45547.

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Vosgien, Sébastien. "Gouverner le commerce au XVIIIe siècle. Conseil et Bureau de commerce". Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020071.

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Le Conseil et le Bureau du commerce constituent l’instance principale de l’administration royale du commerce au XVIIIe siècle. Bien que le roi n’assiste jamais aux séances hebdomadaires, cette institution, créée en 1700 et dissoute en 1791, a contribué à modeler l’économie française de l’époque. Installé au sommet d’une pyramide institutionnelle, cet organe est étroitement associé à l’élaboration et à l’application du droit économique, exerçant un véritable pouvoir par procuration en matière d’édiction de la norme. Un de ses traits les plus originaux consiste en la présence, très influente, de Députés du commerce. Ces Députés du commerce, au minimum, constituent un tiers-intervenant susceptible de crédibiliser l’institution par rapport aux forces vives de l’économie. Par ailleurs, une intégration institutionnelle forte tend à solidariser presque organiquement les chambres de commerce, les corporations et les manufactures avec l’instance centrale. Contrairement à une vision quelque peu réductrice d’une économie « dirigiste », le Conseil/Bureau du commerce, durant la première moitié du siècle, opère une économie d’une nature profondément conventionnelle. Concrètement, cette institution forme le point de rencontre de toutes les entités intéressées au commerce et le rapport de force s’avère ambigu entre le pouvoir et les opérateurs privés. Durant la seconde moitié du siècle, le Bureau du commerce change radicalement de politique, voire de doctrine, pour mettre en oeuvre un libéralisme économique « premier ». Le langage employé et l’intériorisation de concepts économiques et idéologiques nouveaux montrent le degré de pénétration de ce libéralisme
The Council and Bureau of commerce formed the major body of the royal administration of commerce in the XVIIIth century. Although the king never attended the weekly assemblies, this institution, created in 1700 and abolished in 1791, contributed to shape the French economy at the time. Placed at the top of an institutional pyramid, this organization is narrowly associated with the elaboration and enforcement of the economic right. One of its most prominent features is the very influential presence of Deputies of commerce. These Deputies, at least, constituted a third party liable to give credit to the institution in relation to the forces of the economy. In addition, a strong institutional integration tended to bring together almost organically the Chambres de commerce, the corporations and the manufactures with the central body. Contrary to a somewhat shortview vision of “dirigisme”, the Council/Bureau of commerce operated a deeply conventional economy throughout the first half of the century. This institution allows for the meeting of all the entities interested in commerce, and shapes the relationship between central power and private operators, which was seemingly ambiguous. During the second half of the century, the Bureau of commerce dramatically switches its politics, in order to build a “first” economic liberalism. The language and the appropriation of new economic and ideological concepts demonstrate the high degree of influence this liberalism enjoys

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Lemarchand, Nathalie. "Géographie du commerce et de la consommation : les territoires du commerce distractif". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris-Sorbonne - Paris IV, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00441196.

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Mon Habilitation à Diriger des Recherches traite de la géographie et de la consommation en s'attachant à explorer les nouveaux territoires du commerce : ceux du commerce distractif. La problématique que je développe est la suivante : le commerce de détail est passé d'une fonction de distribution associée à la société de production à une fonction distractive associée à la société de consommation. Les lieux du commerce illustrent de façon éclairante l'importance qu'occupe désormais la consommation dans les relations sociales, ces lieux se donnent à voir et on s'y donne à voir, ils sont inclus dans la sphère de la consommation. Leur étude permet de saisir la diversité des situations de consommation et l'importance des facteurs culturels qui y sont en usage. L'analyse des discours et des aménagements des espaces commerciaux permet de saisir comment les marqueurs culturels d'une société sont utilisés dans les espaces commerciaux voués au commerce et à la distraction. Ce que j'appelle le commerce distractif apporte un nouvel éclairage à la catégorisation des achats, souvent divisés entre les achats que l'on fait par nécessité et ceux qui sont de l'ordre du superflu, de la futilité. Par la diversité des situations d'achats proposée par le commerce, toutes peuvent être associées au commerce distractif. En effet, ce n'est plus le produit qui porte l'empreinte de la contrainte ou du plaisir de l'achat, mais les lieux et les temporalités de celui-ci.

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Chen, Chun-Hsing. "Web commerce usability : a user centred design method for web commerce systems". Thesis, De Montfort University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/4099.

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Licina, Aida, Hannah Radtke e Charlotte Johansson. "Usability in M-commerce : Critical factors to consider when adapting m-commerce". Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för bibliotek, information, pedagogik och IT, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-15033.

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The electronic commerce is a phenomenon that has developed rapidly during recent years and has come to take larger part in the everyday life. The act of buying and selling products online is referred to as electronic commerce and today, this phenomenon is starting to take more space within the mobile devices which is called mobile commerce. The user no longer has to visit physical stores in order to make a purchase, it can now all be done from a device in the palm of the hand. The aim with this research was to describe what the driving factors of m-commerce are from a usability perspective and how important different usability factors are to the customer when performing mobile commerce. This particular thesis was conducted with a quantitative approach in order to gain information about the consumer behavior when shopping through mobile phone as well as finding the most critical usability factors from the users point of view. The result was a self-completion questionnaire with a total of 200 respondents. The results from the self-completion questionnaire points out that there are numerous critical factors that can have an impact on the users’ decision whether to perform mobile commerce or not. Furthermore, the results from the questionnaire pictures that most of the consumers still prefer to shop in physical stores followed by shopping online through the computer. The reason why other methods before using the smartphone to make a purchase was chosen, was mainly because of the limited screen size and input mechanisms on the mobile phones. The result also shows that the majority of the participants would cancel their purchase if usability factors, like errors and poor site performance, are not thoroughly considered in the application. This shows the importance of including usability in the developing of applications and mobile websites. This essay will provide companies and developers with important information that is needed for creating applications for mobile commerce with high user satisfaction. M-commerce is a rapid growing field of study which is important to research because of the impact it begins to have on business. For further research it would be interesting to continue the study of other factors that plays a big role when developing mobile applications for m-commerce. Security is one key issue in m-commerce and according to our empirical result it is of big importance for the users performing m-commerce and should be investigated deeper.

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MANQUAT, FREDERIC. "L'organisation mondiale du commerce et le commerce des textiles et des vêtements". Paris 13, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA131014.

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Le secteur des textiles et des vêtements a échappe au régime de libre-échange du GATT des les années 60 ; il a été régule par différents accords protectionnistes dont l'accord multifibres (AMF) des 1974 jusqu'a la conclusion des accords de Marrakech qui mettent fin a l'exception textile. Pour des raisons d'ordre économique et juridique, le GATT étant menace dans son objet, les parties contractantes ont décide de mettre fin à l'AMF. Les accords de Marrakech issus des négociations d'Uruguay renforçaient alors les règles et les principes du GATT ; il était crée une organisation internationale, l'OMC, qui institutionnalisait enfin le gatt. Etait conclu en outre l'ATV remplaçant l'AMF mais de manière provisoire, jusqu'a la réintégration totale du secteur dans le GATT ; cet accord était partie intégrante du système de l'OMC. Mais cette unité dans la régulation du commerce international reste fragile car subsistent différents moyens pour protéger les marches des membres de l'OMC ; ils ont déjà montre, par leurs agissements, peu d'empressement a libéraliser le secteur des textiles et des vêtements. En fait, au-delà d'un nécessaire perfectionnement des instruments juridiques imposant des règles et des principes de manière rigoureuse et statique, il faut traiter les problèmes de fond du secteur des textiles et des vêtements, les problèmes sociaux et écologiques, l'ajustement industriel et la propriété intellectuelle, de manière dynamique par la coopération entre les membres de l'OMC.

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Llorente, Viejo Silvia. "Electronic commerce of services". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7541.

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La tesis "Electronic Commerce of Services" presentada por Silvia Llorente Viejo realiza un estudio de los diferentes componentes presentes en el comercio electrónico de servicios.

En esta tesis se presentan los diversos aspectos presentes en el comercio electrónico, tanto de productos como de servicios, especialmente las fases que lo forman y consideraciones sobre participantes que se pueden encontrar en cada uno. Para el caso de los e servicios, se realiza una descripción completa de sus características.

A partir del estudio de los e servicios, se ha definido una metodología para su descripción. El objetivo de dicha metodología es el de facilitar el desarrollo de sistemas que ofrezcan e servicios, independientemente del propósito final de los mismos.

Finalmente, y con el propósito de demostrar la aplicabilidad de la metodología presentada, se describen dos tipos de servicios, los servicios legales y administrativos y el servicio de edición conjunta.

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18

Rolletschek, Gerhard. "Term-driven E-Commerce". Diss., lmu, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-63676.

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19

Asokan, N. "Fairness in electronic commerce". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ32811.pdf.

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20

Schleicher, Michael. "E-Commerce im Bankbereich". Berlin de Gruyter Recht, 2004. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2909102&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.

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21

Lemarchand, Nathalie. "Commerce et structure urbaine". Rouen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ROUEL156.

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La recherche porte sur les mutations de l'appareil commercial entre 1982 et 1990 à travers l'exemple de l'agglomération Rouen-Elbeuf. L'absence d'archives et de documentation spatialisées au niveau intra-urbain a conduit à développer une nouvelle méthode : l'adressage automatique. L'évolution spatiale de l'activité commerciale est mise en relation avec l'évolution des quartiers et dans cette perspective, le commerce est plus un objet d'étude géographique et un élément de la vie sociale qu'un objet économique
The evolution for retail locations between 1982 and 1990 is analysed in the urban area of Rouen and Elbeuf. The lack of available spatialized information leads to the improvement of an automated mailing system. This method allows the analysis at a large for the whole urban area. The study of retail trade is considered in the geographic perspective of the interference with the social structure of the city

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22

Гладченко, Оксана Робертівна, Оксана Робертовна Гладченко, Oksana Robertivna Hladchenko e K. Moshkina. "E-commerce in Ukraine". Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/17500.

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23

Sojka, David. "Řízení expanze e-commerce". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-443105.

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This master thesis pursues a business model of an online store's international expansion in Europe. According to theoretical backgrounds, it evaluates the state of currently used methods of today's expansion strategy. Further, a management plan for systematic expansion is being proposed along with risk mitigations, stabilization of current international operations, and a proposal of a technological-information solution for data science.

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24

Prášilík, Zdeněk. "Monetizace e-commerce projektu". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-198286.

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The aim of this thesis is a monetization of e-commerce project. Using various tools of online marketing avaliable. In particular performance oriented and paid ad formats including emailing, product search engines, search engine advertising, and advanced remarketing strategy. As a proove of success or failure of this intention, project will be evaluated with EBIT and ROI indicators together. An e-commerce project of bad economic condition has been chosen for the experiment, whitch barely covered own operational costs. Many changes were accepted during the experiment. Especially in expenditure structure and media mix used. Many changes in previous ad systems used and more new tools and performance marketing features added. The result is improove in project efficiency. Project becomes economically independent unit.

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25

Hasfeld, Peter. "Netzwerkeffekte im Electronic Commerce". [S.l. : s.n.], 2005.

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26

Burgos, Robyn. "Commerce of the pedestrian". This title; PDF viewer required. Home page for entire collection, 2009. http://archives.udmercy.edu:8080/dspace/handle/10429/9.

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27

Lee, Cheung Ming. "E-Commerce competitor analysis /". Leeds, 2001. http://www.leeds.ac.uk/library/counter2/compstmsc/20002001/lee%5Fpdf.zip.

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28

Pozzi, Andrea. "Essays in e-commerce /". May be available electronically:, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.

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29

Stelloh, M., e E. Stack. "Taxation and electronic commerce". Southern African Accounting Association 2008 Biennial Conference, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004611.

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Transactions conducted using the Internet have expanded dramatically in the past few years and countries and their governments have become concerned about the consequences that electronic commerce may have on their tax revenues. Because of this many organisations and inter-governmental agencies have met to try to design a solution that will be compatible with the systems of the various countries and achieve tax neutrality. A number of proposals were made and discussed to try to design a fair and efficient e-tax system. The proposed system that is ultimately adopted must consider different tax bases and systems in order to achieve this. In this research the impact of e-commerce on the imposition of income tax was briefly referred to and four different proposals for levying value-added tax or sales tax were analysed in order to compare the advantages and disadvantages of each and to determine which system would most adequately address the needs of e-commerce. Certain modifications and additions to the proposed systems have been suggested in order to satisfy the specific needs of the South African tax system, while still taking other countries’ tax systems into account. Using Amazon.com Inc. and Skype Technologies South Africa Limited as examples, it is demonstrated how the new amended system will work. It was found that the proposed systems and the system adapted to meet the South African needs would, with a few relatively minor changes to the Value-Added Tax legislation, be suitable for the purposes of imposing value-added tax on e-commerce transactions.

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Dupuy, Louis. "Soutenabilité et commerce international". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0087/document.

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Nous étudions les liens entre commerce international et soutenabilité. D’un point de vue théorique, la soutenabilitéest l’application de la théorie utilitariste à la théorie du capital. La soutenabilité se définit par unegestion équitable des moyens du développement. Il s’agit de préserver un certain niveau de consommation etde richesse tout en développant l’équité inter- et intragénérationnelle sous la contrainte du niveau socialementdéfini de substituabilité en valeur monétire des composants de la richesse. Les gains à l’échange issus du commerceinternational doivent être épargnés et réinvestis dans la mesure où ils sont le fruit d’une réallocationdes ressources au sein du pays considéré. La nature du commerce international a également un impact sur lessentiers de développement. La présence de rendements d’échelle croissants dans la division internationale desprocessus productifs a également un impact sur la soutenabilité. Nous montrons la façon dont les incitationsvenant du commerce international ont un impact joint sur la gestion des dotations dans les pays riches enressources naturelles. Un commerce inter-industries dans les secteurs des biens intensifs en ressources naturellesest un signe probable d’un sentier de développement insoutenable. Nous proposons d’étudier les pays issus del’Union Soviétique pour mieux comprendre les interactions entre institutions et soutenabilité. l’Epargne NetteAjustée (ENA) en Russie évolue de concert avec celle des pays voisins, sans lien avec celle d’autre pays ayantune même dotation en ressources naturelles. Nous préconisons d’utiliser des études contrefactuelles pour évaluerles trajectoires de développement dans un contexte d’uncertitude sur les niveaux réels de richesse globale.L’ensemble de ces éléments nous conduit à revisiter les logiques d’intégration économique dans une optique desoutenabilité
We endeavour to explore the many ways by which international trade has an impact on sustainability.From a theoretical perspective, sustainability is the application of the utilitarian theory of value on capitaltheory, used to define the interactions between human-being and their environment. We show how sustainabilitycan be understood as sound and equitable management of the means of development, preserving consumptionand wealth over time while fostering intragenerational and intergenerational equity and controlling for moneyvaluesubstitutability. We use Adjusted Net Savings (ANS) to assess how opening economies to trade altersdevelopment paths. We then show how international trade should lead to additional savings, as gains fromtrade resulting from resources reallocation should be reinvested and not consumed. We explore how the natureof trade impacts development paths, showing how increasing returns to scale in the international division of theproduction processes changes factor prices. This should lead to more gains from trade saved and reinvested.We investigate how institutions and trade incentives interact in hindering sustainable management of naturalcapital in resource abundant countries. We show how inter-industry trade in natural resources intensive goodsmight be a sign for unsustainable development paths. To better understand interactions between institutionsand sustainability, we suggest the dislocation of the Soviet Union as a natural experiment. We show how theevolution of ANS in the Russian Federation is closely correlated with the neighbouring countries, regardless ofresources abundance. Counterfactual studies should be used to monitor sustainable development in the wakeof uncertainty and scarce data on comprehensive wealth depreciation. Those elements lead us to conclude onthe necessity to reconsider the rationale for economic integration on sustainability lines

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Pettenon, Giorgia <1991&gt. "L'e-commerce del vino". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/18581.

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Lo sviluppo della rete internet ha rivoluzionato le abitudini di acquisto dei consumatori. Negli ultimi anni l’utilizzo dell’e-commerce B2C è aumentato esponenzialmente. Le performance di crescita maggiori sono state registrate nel Food&Grocery, in cui fa parte anche il comparto del vino. Tuttavia, la percentuale delle vendite di vino italiano attraverso i canali online risulta ancora molto bassa. L’obiettivo della ricerca è di analizzare il settore dell’e-commerce del vino in Italia ed individuare le peculiarità e criticità che le piccole e medie imprese incontrano nel vendere i loro prodotti online. A tal fine, verranno esaminati i fattori critici e di successo dei siti e-commerce di alcune cantine produttrici di Prosecco.

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32

Vorapeth, Kham. "Le commerce français en Indochine et en Asie orientale (1860-1945) : les maisons de commerce françaises et l'essor du commerce colonial". Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA070091.

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Pratiquement absente en Extrême Orient jusqu'à la prise de Saigon en 1859, la France est restée un siècle en Indochine. Dès les premiers jours de la conquête, des commerçants entreprenants ont emboîté le pas des militaires, et tenté de s'implanter en Indochine, avec des succès inégaux. Suiveurs, mais aussi moteurs et acteurs-clés du système colonial, ils sont trop souvent oubliés par les livres d'Histoire, alors qu'ils ont largement contribué à développer la richesse de leurs pays d'origine et des pays où ils s'étaient implantés et à en rapprocher les cultures. Cette thèse retrace la naissance et le développement du tissu commercial et des courants d'échanges établis entre la métropole et sa colonie d'une part, et d'autre part à l'intérieur de l'Indochine et avec les pays voisins. La recherche est complétée par les témoignages et les récits des derniers acteurs. Racontant l'histoire des pionniers qui ont créé les maisons de commerce, ainsi que leur évolution et leur relation avec leur environnement, elle observe le développement de la maison Denis-Frères, saga d'une famille, "success story" d'une implantation parmi les plus durables et les plus performantes, pour dégager les fondements stratégiques de sa réussite commerciale. Parmi les conclusions, il apparaît combien l'Indochine, atout majeur de la présence française en Asie orientale, a longtemps financé un solde commercial largement négatif avec la France par le dynamisme de ses ventes aux pays d'Extrême Orient. Ces résultats ont été obtenus en partie grâce à la constitution de positions dominantes par une quinzaine de grandes maisons coloniales françaises sur les différents secteurs de l'économie indochinoise
France was present in Indo-China for 1ess than one century starting from 1859 till the end of the Second World War and the beginning of the Indo-China war in 1946. From the very first days of the colonisation, tradesmen, merchants took the lead from soldiers, as the matter of fact, they settled in Indo-China with varying success. They were the key actors of colonial system and were often forgotten by History to the beneficiary of warriors, diplomats, missionaries and ethnographers. This research on the History of the French colonial period has been carried out under the business approach from local or French fragmentary archives, rounded off by testimonies and stories of the last witness. The present thesis relates the dawn and the development of the commerce and the exchange flows established between France and its colony and also with its Eastern Asia neighbouring. It focused on the story of the pioneers who founded the first trading companies as well as their evolution and the relations they had with their environment. In addition, this thesis describes the "success story" of one of the most reputable and admired Trading Company in Indochina: Denis-Frères. Among the various conclusions which spring up, its appears that Indochina's trade balances withy France were always negative, the colony had always financed its needs and its infrastructure development by purchasing manufactured products and equipment from France thanks to its revenues from the sales of rice, coal, rubber to Eastern Asia countries. The above was possible because of the predominant position captured by fifteen large French colonial trading companies in various sectors of the economy

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33

Von, Meyer zu Knonow Andreas 1962, e Mann A. 1971 Shoffner. "From e-commerce to m-commerce : a new competitive environment for wireless vendors". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9230.

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Thesis (S.M.M.O.T.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Management of Technology Program, 2000.
Also available online at the MIT Theses Online homepage .
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 111-113).
The Internet has created a revolution in business. It is allowing companies to connect like they have never been able to previously. Traditional companies are having to radically transform themselves as new business models become possible. These same companies are falling over themselves to cash in on the stratospheric corporate valuations brought on by the new economy, and at the same time are in a desperate battle with the same new economy companies to keep their customers, margins, and market share. However, the first shots of another revolution are being fired. Within five years, these same companies will be repeating their acts of desperation as the Web goes wireless. Today, mobile phones have become ubiquitous tools for many businesses allowing employees, customers, and suppliers to stay better connected. However, wireless voice is only the beginning. As wireless data transmission becomes possible, the Internet turns mobile, and entirely new disruptions in the business world will be created. Where the Internet changed how business was conducted, the wireless Web will change where business is conducted, and just as the Internet has become strategically important to almost every company today, so will the wireless Web be just as important to companies tomorrow. Complicating the matter, the mobile telecommunications industry is in a dramatic state of flux. Not only are handset manufacturers seeing exponential growth in mobile voice communications, but are also now beginning to grapple with the issues of data delivery over mobile devices. These next generation mobile devices will not only have to deliver voice services, but will also have to deliver data services such as email, e-commerce, and other Internet applications. This paper will address the strategic issues being faced by three mobile device manufacturers: Ericsson, Nokia, and Siemens. Furthermore, we will examine the effects the convergence of handheld and wireless devices, the multitude of standards, and the consolidation of industry players will have on an already competitive and complicated industry.
by Andreas von Meyer zu Knonow and Mann A. Shoffner.
S.M.M.O.T.

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34

Oulmane, Nassim. "Nature du commerce, structure de marché et ajustement de l'emploi au commerce international". Montpellier 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON10018.

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La theorie du commerce international et les etudes empiriques nous enseignent que le degre d'ouverture d'une economie n'a pas a long terme de relation directe et claire avec le niveau global d'utilisation des ressources, en particulier avec l'emploi. Cependant, a court terme, les chocs commerciaux externes peuvent entrainer des reallocations de ressources qui peuvent s'accompagner de chomage temporaire. Face a une modification donnee de l'environnement exterieur, les differents secteurs vont etre touches a des degres divers. On envisage que la nature intra ou inter-branche du commerce international (en tenant compte des differents aspects du commerce intra-branche), ainsi que les structures de marche peuvent influencer l'ajustement de l'emploi apres des chocs commerciaux exterieurs. Nous montrons que dans le cas de la france le commerce intra-branche engendre moins de problemes d'ajustements que le commerce inter♭ branche. Lorsque l'on distingue les composantes verticales et horizontales du commerce intrabranche, il apparait que le commerce intra-branche vertical implique davantage de difficultes d'ajustements que le commerce intra-branche horizontale. Dans le cadre d'un modele d'oligopole, on montre que le nombre de firmes peut jouer un role different sur l'ajustement selon que l'on considere des rendements d'echelle croissants, decroissants ou constants.

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Didier, Laurent. "Commerce Sud-Sud et "nouvelle" géographie du commerce international : le rôle des économies émergentes". Thesis, La Réunion, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LARE0020/document.

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Cette thèse a pour objet d'examiner cinq aspects de la relation entre le commerce Sud-Sud et la « nouvelle » géographie du commerce international en portant une attention toute particulière aux liens qui existent entre les BRICs (Brésil, Russie, Inde, Chine) et l'Afrique sub-Saharienne (ASS) puis entre la Chine et l'ASS. La première partie s'attache à démontrer certaines caractéristiques relatives à la mutation des relations commerciales Sud-Sud. Dans le premier chapitre, l'hétérogénéité au sein même des BRICs est confirmée à partir d'un certain nombre de facteurs explicatifs des flux commerciaux bilatéraux avec l'ASS. Dans le second chapitre, les flux commerciaux Sud-Sud semble jouer un rôle déterminant dans la diversification géographique du commerce intra-Africain en termes de nouveaux partenaires commerciaux. Dans le troisième chapitre, l'idée d'une réorientation du commerce des ex-colonies depuis l'indépendance vers la Chine au détriment des anciennes puissances coloniales a été validée empiriquement. Quant à la deuxième partie, elle s'intéresse aux liens entre la politique économique extérieure et le commerce Sud-Sud. Les résultats du quatrième chapitre soulignent l'impact significatif de la « politique de la Chine unique » sur les flux commerciaux chinois et taiwanais par le biais de la diplomatie économique. Les estimations du cinquième chapitre confirment l'hétérogénéité des effets moyens et dans le temps des accords régionaux africains sur les échanges commerciaux selon la nature des partenaires, la forme des accords commerciaux ainsi que leur chevauchement
This thesis emphasises five aspects of relations between South-South trade and « new » geography of international trade. We particularly pay attention to the links between BRICs (Brazil, Russia, India, China) and sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) but also between China and SSA. The first part attempts to demonstrate some characteristics concerning the mutation of South-South trade relations. In the Chapter 1, the heterogeneity of BRICs is confirmed from some factors of bilateral trade flows with SSA. In the Chapter 2, the South-South trade flows play a significant role in the geographic diversification of intra-African trade in terms of new trading partners. In the Chapter 3, the assumption of a trade reorientation of ex-colonies since independence with China at the expense of former colonial powers has been empirically validated. The second part studies the linkages between the foreign economic policy and South-South trade. The findings of the Chapter 4 highlight the significant impact of the « One China policy » on Chinese and Taiwanese trade flows through the economic diplomacy. The estimates of the Chapter 5 confirm the heterogeneous average effects but also over time of the African trade agreements on trade according to the nature of trading partners, the kinds of trade agreements and their overlapping

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Gustavsson, Malin, e Anne-Marie Johansson. "Consumer Trust in E-commerce". Thesis, Kristianstad University College, Department of Business Administration, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-4253.

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An often mentioned reason for consumers not purchasing from Internet vendors, is the lack of trust. The lack of physical clues and physical interaction in the online environment make it more difficult to establish trust with the consumers. So, it is important for companies to learn how to manage consumers’ trust in e-commerce. Although, building consumer trust on the Internet is a challenge for online vendors.

The purpose with this dissertation was to get a better understanding of consumer trust in e-commerce. We wanted to find important factors that help to establish consumer trust in e-commerce. These factors guided our empirical research, in which our purpose was to investigate how consumers perceive the importance of some selected factors, for them to feel trust to purchase online. We chose to use a survey as our research strategy and the primary data was collected through a questionnaire.

We found that there are many factors that help establish trust, which are relevant for the consumers when purchasing online. Security and privacy are factors that are of great importance for the consumers to feel trust, to purchase online. Businesses are not able to directly control the trust their customers feel. They can just build environments that encourage people to feel trust. A marketplace can be trustworthy, but the participants have to feel the trust before the marketplace can be trusted.

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Gustavsson, Malin, e Ann-Marie Johansson. "Consumer Trust in E-commerce". Thesis, Kristianstad University College, Department of Business Administration, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-4320.

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Abstract (sommario):

An often mentioned reason for consumers not purchasing from Internet vendors, is the lack of trust. The lack of physical clues and physical interaction in the online environment make it more difficult to establish trust with the consumers. So, it is important for companies to learn how to manage consumers’ trust in e-commerce. Although, building consumer trust on the Internet is a challenge for online vendors.

The purpose with this dissertation was to get a better understanding of consumer trust in e-commerce. We wanted to find important factors that help to establish consumer trust in e-commerce. These factors guided our empirical research, in which our purpose was to investigate how consumers perceive the importance of some selected factors, for them to feel trust to purchase online. We chose to use a survey as our research strategy and the primary data was collected through a questionnaire.

We found that there are many factors that help establish trust, which are relevant for the consumers when purchasing online. Security and privacy are factors that are of great importance for the consumers to feel trust, to purchase online. Businesses are not able to directly control the trust their customers feel. They can just build environments that encourage people to feel trust. A marketplace can be trustworthy, but the participants have to feel the trust before the marketplace can be trusted.

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Kimitene, Ezept Valmo. "Ethnicisation du commerce à N'Djamena". Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR30063/document.

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Sujet d’actualité, le phénomène de l’ethnicisation est devenu un fait urbain contemporain dans les métropoles du monde. Dans le contexte actuel du Tchad, les conflits ethniques et sociaux semblent investir les champs économiques par une ethnicisation du commerce, la spécialisation de certaines branches. La ville de N’Djamena, avec son espace marchand varié et coloré, fournit un exemple d’étude singulier. L’étude du commerce ethnique - dans l’espace marchand tchadien à travers la ville de N’Djamena - traite d’une part les branches des commerces spécialisées par les groupes ethniques, en majorité nordistes et musulmans, d’autre part les divers circuits et réseaux marchands sur lesquels s’appuient ces groupes. La géographie humaine, comme discipline et méthode, pointe à travers cette étude une double approche théorique : celle qui interroge les modalités de formation, du maintien et de l’extension des réseaux sociaux et marchands par la pratique du commerce ethnique, et celle qui analyse ces modalités comme moyen de reproduction sociale et identitaire des commerçants. A l’instar des autres villes tchadiennes, N’Djamena est devenu, au fil de temps, le théâtre de ces conflits d’intérêts ethno-régionalistes, instrumentalisés par le contexte de la "géopolitique tchadienne"[recherche d’équilibre entre le nord musulman et le sud chrétien]. Ainsi, au prisme d’analyses nécessairement pluridisciplinaires autour d’une approche géographique qui privilégie l’organisation spatiale, l’ethnicisation du commerce apparait comme un processus de mutation socio-économique par lequel se consolide l'économie ethnique et la spécialisation des quartiers [des régions] de la ville
As a contemporary topic, the phenomenon of racialization has become a contemporary urban phenomenon in the world's metropolises. In the current context of Chad, ethnic and social conflicts seem to invest economic fields along ethnic trade, specialization in certain industries. The city of N'Djamena, with its varied and colorful merchant space, provides an example of singular study. The study of ethnic business - in the merchant Chad area around the city of N'Djamena - addresses a hand branches of specialized shops by ethnic groups, mostly northerners and Muslims, on the other hand the various merchants trails and networks that support these groups. Human geography as a discipline and method, leading through this study a double theoretical approach which questions the methods of training, maintenance and expansion of social and merchants through the practice of ethnic business networks, and the analysis that these terms as a means of social reproduction and identity of the traders. Like other cities of Chad, N'Djamena has become, over time, the theater of ethno-regionalist conflicts or interest, manipulated by the context of the "geopolitical Chad" [search for balance between the north Muslims and south Christians]. Thus, through the prism of necessarily multidisciplinary analyzes around a geographic approach that emphasizes the spatial organization, the ethnicization of trade appears as a process of socio-economic transformation through which consolidates the ethnic economy and specialization areas [regions] of the city

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39

Malekzadeh, Dirin Mohammad Hossein, e Hassan Zadeh Khiabani Nima Mohammad. "E-Commerce on Android OS". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, fysik och matematik, DFM, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-14267.

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Using a smart phone, which has a small screen, for browsing an online store is not an enjoyable experience. Using a device with a very small screen size is not appropriate since the web shop’s functionalities are not optimized to be accessed from these devices.The solution was to develop both a server side plugin and a client side application. The application which was designed for a mobile device should have used a generic communication in order to connect to the plugin. The plugin was an online store's plugin letting the mobile application do the online shopping experience from a mobile device without using the web browser, which would obviously increase the device performance in browsing a web shop.The result was that the implemented plugin and the application worked for all of the E-commerce frameworks’ instances, so instead of developing a server side plugin and a client side application for one single web shop, a variety of web shops have been supported with a single plugin and an application.

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40

Bull, Christopher Michael. "Ethics and e-gambling commerce". Thesis, University of Salford, 2009. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26597/.

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During the last decade, E-Gambling commerce has experienced significant economic, technological, political, social and cultural development. It is somewhat surprising given such significance, that there is still a relative scarcity of research conducted or published to date. This research seeks to make an important contribution to addressing such relative neglect by furthering our understanding of the varied complexities associated with the ethics of EGambling commerce. This in-depth study developed a range of theoretical and philosophical approaches to advance knowledge. In terms of theory, this thesis developed ideas in relation to Information Systems Ethics (ISE) and also refers to some developments within Internet and New Media Research (I/NMR) and Interactivity Theory. In terms of philosophical approaches in research this study is broadly Interpretivist and used methods such as interviews, semiotics, virtual ethnography and some secondary evidence. The use of such approaches helped to reveal a range of ethical concerns arising from the commercialisation of EGambling and more importantly the root causes of such issues and consequences. Furthermore, this study of E-Gambling commerce offered some implications for the development of certain theoretical and philosophical approaches.

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41

Huayana, Yuriko. "E-Commerce en el Perú". Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/623482.

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Evento realizado el 19 de Abril de 2018 en el Campus Monterrico. Lima, Perú.
Conferencia que aborda los temas siguientes: Introducción al comercio electrónico. Casos y proyectos de e-commerce. Comportamiento del consumidor online. Cadena de e-commerce. Inndicadores clave y modelo omnicanal.

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42

Wang, Yie. "An electronic commerce Web benchmark". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ39706.pdf.

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43

Hage, Ramsey. "Voice-enabled interactive e-commerce". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0004/MQ46580.pdf.

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44

Heidenreich, Lars. "Ältere Menschen und E-Commerce". Taunusstein Driesen, 2006. http://www.driesen-online.de/gvh̲eidenreiche̲-commerce.htm.

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45

Chapda, Nana Guy. "Trois essais en commerce international". Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29920/29920.pdf.

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Cette thèse se compose de trois essais de nature théorique et empirique qui abordent deux sujets principaux : l’estimation des fonctions de Produit National Brut et l’analyse des politiques stratégiques avec transmission de taux de change et production risquée. Le premier essai propose une approche novatrice dans l’analyse de l’impact des accords régionaux de commerce sur le commerce et s’applique à l’Accord de Libre-Échange (ALE) entre le Canada et les États-Unis de 1989, qui a été élargi au Mexique sous le nom d’Accord de Libre-Échange Nord-Américain (ALÉNA) en 1994. Grâce à un modèle économétrique intégrant la notion de changement structurel graduel aux fonctions de Produit National Brut pour le Canada et les États-Unis, nous montrons que suite à l’adoption des dits accords de libre-échange ces deux économies ont connu des sentiers d’ajustements différents s’expliquant notamment par leur différence de tailles. En effet, pour le Canada, l’impact de l’ALÉ a été anticipé et plus important, et s’est poursuivi jusqu’au début des années 1990. Cependant, pour les États-Unis, nous enregistrons un changement structurel plutôt brusque et qui serait survenu en 1995. Le deuxième essai est une contribution aux études empiriques réalisées à l’aide l’estimation des fonctions de Produit National Brut. En effet, il expose et teste de manière exhaustive les méthodes d’imposition des propriétés théoriques (convexité et concavité) dans le cadre de ces fonctions par le biais des deux formes fonctionnelles flexibles les plus utilisées dans cette littérature que sont la forme Translog et la forme Quadratique Normalisée Symétrique. Ainsi, nous comparons les deux formes fonctionnelles au regard de leurs performances en termes de violations propriétés, de robustesse dans l’estimation d’élasticités et de capacité prédictive lorsque les propriétés sont imposées à priori. À l’aide d’une application à partir des données économiques de la Suisse et nous obtenons des résultats compatibles avec les recherches antérieures mais ne pouvons conclure quant à la meilleure forme fonctionnelle. Dans le dernier essai, nous développons un modèle de politique stratégique pour l'industrie du sirop d'érable du Québec, qui contribue à 71% de la production mondiale. Nous analysons comment les choix stratégiques des gouvernements sont influencés par le canal de transmission du taux de change et l’incertitude sur la production dans le contexte d’une industrie verticalement reliée. La concurrence en aval est modélisée comme un duopole de Bertrand avec une entreprise canadienne qui exporte tout le sirop d'érable du Canada vers les États-Unis, où elle est en concurrence avec une entreprise américaine. En particulier, nous examinons deux cas selon que le prix du sirop brut au Canada est négocié entre le producteur et l’exportateur ou tout simplement fixé par le producteur. Nous supposons cependant que le prix de l’input est uniquement fixé par le producteur dans le pays importateur. Notre analyse montre que le gouvernement du pays exportateur devrait subventionner la production finale (les exportations) et le gouvernement étranger devrait subventionner la production locale quel que soit le cas choisi. Nous montrons aussi que lorsqu’il y a rationnement, le canal de transmission du taux de change est caractérisé par un effet de seuil qui est très différent des effets de seuil obtenus dans les modèles avec coûts d’étiquetage (menu costs models).
This thesis consists of three essays in empirical and theoretical international trade analyzing two main subjects: estimation of Gross National product function and strategic policy in presence of exchange rate pass-through and production risk. The ﬁrst essay offers an innovative approach for analysis the impact on trade of regional trade agreements (RTA) with application to the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between Canada and the United States adopted in 1989, which was extended to Mexico as the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994. More precisely, we estimate a Translog Gross National Product function and test for endogenously determined structural change allowing for anticipated and lagged responses to regional trade agreements. We found that Canada embarked on a long transition path prior to the implementation of the Canada-US Trade Agreement, a result reminiscent of Magee’s (2008) results concerning RTAs’ trade creation effects. In contrast, the United States experienced an abrupt structural change a year after the North American Free Trade Agreement took effect. This reflects that smaller economies benefitting from larger changes in terms of trade are confronted to more complex adjustment processes than larger economies. In the second essay, we empirically investigate the implications of the choice of dates when imposing local restrictions to maintain convexity in output prices and concavity in factor endowments in the the estimation of a GNP function approximated by a Translog (TL) function. Using macroeconomic data for Switzerland, we compare the TL to a Symmetric Normalized Quadratic (SNQ) function on which global curvature restrictions can be imposed. When the functions are unrestricted for curvature, convexity in prices is violated more often than concavity in factor endowments. The number of points for which both curvature conditions hold is sensitive to the date at which local restrictions are imposed on the TL, but estimated TL elasticities are robust. Through searching for an appropriate date, the TL matched the SNQ’s ability to impose curvature conditions at all points. However, many TL and SNQ elasticities differ in sign and magnitude. The likelihood dominance criterion and in-sample forecasts comparisons favored the TL. Thus, choosing a functional form solely based on the possibility of imposing global curvature conditions is not advised. In the last essay, we develop a strategic policy model inspired by the maple syrup industry. The province of Quebec accounts for 71% of the world’s production. We analyze how strategic policy choices and exchange rate pass-through are influenced by vertical linkages and production shocks which are observed after input prices are determined and “planned production” decisions are made. Downstream competition is modeled as a Bertrand duopoly with a home firm exporting all of its production to the importing country which is also supplied by a domestic downstream firm. We specifically examine two cases depending on whether the input price is negotiated between the input producer and the downstream firm in the exporting country or simply fixed by the input producer. We always assume that the upstream firm sets the input price in the importing country. Our analysis shows that the exporting government should subsidize production/exports and the foreign government should subsidize local production whatever the case chosen. We also show that when there is rationing, the exchange rate pass-through is charaterized by a threshold effect that is quite unlike the sort of theshold effect described in models with menu costs.

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46

Connock, A. "Optimising video for e-commerce". Thesis, University of Salford, 2018. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/48254/.

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An e-commerce video is an online video which offers one or more items for the viewer to directly buy. It is a new type of media content, resulting from the fusion of the retail, content creation and digital marketing industries, and it is enjoying rapid, global growth. But what kind of video works best in e-commerce? How is such video best produced and distributed? What are the optimal strategies for content in e-commerce video? Through his critical analysis of a set of works published from 2013-18, the author has sought to break new ground through answering these questions. He sets three specific objectives, around which the narrative of this thesis is built, in looking to provide a better understanding of the route to optimization of video content for e-commerce. First, he evaluates what literature already exists, in both the parent category of branded content, and in the new, fast-growth sub-category of e-commerce video itself - around the drivers of success in shoppable video content creation. He finds that coverage is quite substantial around e-commerce and social media, and in the technical routes to successful e-commerce sales through video distribution. But it is sparse with respect to the content itself, which allows him the space to make a meaningful contribution. Second, he considers and contextualises his own original research into the existence of a ‘cliff-edge’ in branded content including e-commerce video. In a piece of video content, there is a point beyond which greater brand integration has a negative effect on customer engagement and sales. Knowing that point is vital to the advertiser. Here the author’s original, new research provides useful insight into the gradations of in-content branding that are effective, and this cut-off moment where the audience begins to respond negatively. Third, the author considers and contextualises his own additional new, original research into which specific styles of e-commerce video are most likely to deliver results. Here he provides multiple new findings - such as the fact that multi-product videos are more likely to sell goods than ones featuring single products alone; or that mute videos are better sales tools than videos with presenters, or using user-generated content. By answering the three research questions, the author provides focus and nuance to an academic topic which is barely a decade old, and in a developing media content genre which is commercially powerful, global and evolving fast. As a reflection on that rapid change, the author adds a postscript chapter where he reviews all the technologies that are driving the growth of e-commerce video into the future, including Artificial Intelligence.

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47

Yakzan, Mounir, e Jordan Nelson. "E-Commerce cold chain fulfillment". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/99820.

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Thesis: M. Eng. in Logistics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2015.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 71-73).
A challenging part of E-Commerce for perishable consumer packaged goods (PCPG) is the fulfillment. Given the fragile nature of the items shipped, they require a low cost, effective cold chain fulfillment method so as to keep integrity, ensure speed at an affordable low cost for the end consumer. Our research, in partnership with one of the big PCPG items, addressed four aspects of the fulfillment process: Shipments routing, return process, competitive research and packaging techniques. Through a research process, we looked at shipment routing techniques for network optimization and density solutions, return process through different nodes in the supply chain, competitive research looking E-Commerce websites that sell PCPG products and comparing each of them to understand their underlying pricing methods and looked at current packaging techniques, current available and future technologies in packaging. We scored each of the aspects based on three KPIs, speed, quality and cost; we put forth several combinations that focused on each KPI by itself and aimed at maximizing speed or quality or minimizing cost. This research serves to direct focus based on the KPI desired on the aspects that help optimize said KPI and can be generalized to other E-Commerce products requiring cold chain delivery.
by Mounir Yakzan and Jordan Nelson.
M. Eng. in Logistics

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48

Santos, Cañamar Eugenio 1960. "Hylsamex and the E-commerce". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9206.

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Also available online at the DSpace at MIT website.
Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2000.
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 55).
E-commerce is changing the way companies operate. Its growth is impressive and the future of this technology will play a key role in the business world. The steel industry is no exception to this scenario. It will be highly impacted by the Internet; even now, several Websites have been developed that bring buyers and sellers together. Companies must be prepared to face the challenges that this technology will bring with it. Hylsamex, like other leaders in the steel industry, should be aware of these changes and be ready to take advantage of them. This thesis analyzes the industry and Hylsamex through the use of different frameworks. The analysis shows that the competitive position of many companies will be impacted by e-commerce and most areas of any company should adapt their processes to make full use of this technology. Companies that do not move quickly into the Internet will have hard time surviving. The Internet waits for no one. The big decisions for companies today are how and when they should go into e-commerce. These decisions will be driven by a company's objectives and its current strengths and weaknesses.
by Eugenio Santos Cañamar.
M.B.A.

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49

Rosenkrans, Virginia L. "Electronic Commerce and Internet Advertising". NSUWorks, 2001. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/808.

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Electronic commerce (e-commerce) and online advertising have exploded on the Internet. The Internet advertising frenzy resulted in revenue that topped $1.953 billion for the first quarter of 2000 (Internet Advertising Bureau, 2000a). Revenues for the first quarter swelled almost 10% over the fourth quarter of 1999 and 182% over the first comparative quarter of 1999. The continued growth of e-commerce is reflected by the interactive nature of the Internet, which has provided abundant opportunities for companies to promote their goods and services. Given the promise of the Web as a medium for e-commerce and advertising, businesses are turning to online advertising because it has enormous communication power. Although companies are allotting more of their budgets for online advertising, advertisers are searching for the most effective online advertising models to reach their audience. This research study investigated the prevalent online ad models and developed a new online advertising model to enhance conversion events, the Enhanced Conversion Events Model (ECEM). The ECEM included four criteria: (I) emotional and rational appeals, (2) ad dynamics, (3) pull based, and (4) metrics. An online ad, VCwheels, was developed based upon the ECEM and deployed on Ventura County Star newspaper's Web site, insidevc.com. Its metrics, provided by DoubleClick's NetGravity, were compared to other online business ads' metrics deployed during the same time frame on insidevc.com. Analyses and findings of the new online ad model's effectiveness were determined by its September 200 I 's measurement results and a summative committee meeting. Based on the metrics provided by NetGravity, VCwheels elicited a higher click-through rate than the 15 other ads deployed during the same time frame (i.e., September 200 I). This research has significant implications for practitioners and academic researchers as it gleans from the ECEM's results. Findings demonstrate that the ECEM enhances conversion events. The theoretical underpinnings of the ECEM punctuated with its practical application and results offer academic researchers and industry practitioners with recommendations for expansion and exploration of effective online advertising models.

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50

Skrzypek, Meinhard. "E-commerce und seine Marktplätze". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-210875.

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Der Begriff e-Commerce wird meistens mit dem Handel von Waren und Dienstleistungen im Internet gleichgesetzt. Neben dem Internet etablieren sich zur Zeit mehr und mehr Kiosksysteme, die mittlerweile über das Anbieten von Informationen weit hinausgehen. Der nachfolgende Vortrag befaßt sich mit den zwei wesentlichen Aspekten, die bei dem Betrieb von Kiosksystemen wichtig sind: • Marketingkonzept • Technologie Neue elektronische Medien, die auch auf öffentlichen Plätzen zugänglich sind, werden häufig als Kiosksysteme oder auch als PoI/PoS-Terminals (Point-of-Information, Point-of-Sale) bezeichnet. Leider hat sich bis heute noch kein eingängigerer Begriff finden lassen, deshalb sei kurz erläutert, was sich dahinter verbirgt. Es handelt sich um freistehende Terminals im Innen- oder Außenbereich, die vom Kunden selbständig über einen Touchscreen bedient werden können.

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Tesi sul tema "Commerce"

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