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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Commensalism"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 1 agosto 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Commensalism"

Georgescu, Paul, Daniel Maxin e Hong Zhang. "Global stability results for models of commensalism". International Journal of Biomathematics 10, n. 03 (20 febbraio 2017): 1750037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793524517500371.

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We analyze the global stability of the coexisting equilibria for several models of commensalism, first by devising a procedure to modify several Lyapunov functionals which were introduced earlier for corresponding models of mutualism, further confirming their usefulness. It is seen that commensalism promotes global stability, in connection with higher-order self-limiting terms which prevent unboundedness. We then use the theory of asymptotically autonomous systems to prove global stability results for models of commensalism which are subject to Allee effects, finding that commensalisms of appropriate strength can overcome the influence of strong Allee effects.

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Mathis, Kaitlyn A., e Judith L. Bronstein. "Our Current Understanding of Commensalism". Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 51, n. 1 (2 novembre 2020): 167–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-011720-040844.

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Commensalisms, interactions between two species in which one species benefits and the other experiences no net effect, are frequently mentioned in the ecological literature but are surprisingly little studied. Here we review and synthesize our limited understanding of commensalism. We then argue that commensalism is not a single type of interaction; rather, it is a suite of phenomena associated with distinct ecological processes and evolutionary consequences. For each form of commensalism we define, we present evidence for how, where, and why it occurs, including when it is evolutionarily persistent and when it is an occasional outcome of interactions that are usually mutualistic or antagonistic. We argue that commensalism should be of great interest in the study of species interactions due to its location at the center of the continuum between positive and negative outcomes. Finally, we offer a roadmap for future research.

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Balaji, Vignesh Kanna, Latha Ragunathan, Kavitha Kannaiyan e Jeyakumari Duraipandian. "The role of Malassezia species on Human skin: Commensals and Pathogens". Research Journal of Biotechnology 18, n. 9 (15 agosto 2023): 271–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/1809rjbt2710277.

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Malassezia spp are recognized as skin commensals that may be pathogenic under certain conditions. For many years, it was known as commensals but recently it has been identified causing many superficial skin infections and fungemia. There are many hypotheses regarding the pathogenesis of Malassezia infections. As there is limited data on physiology and pathogenesis of Malassezia, therefore, in recent years new tools has been evolved for Malassezia culture, detection and genetic manipulation which have revealed the ubiquity of Malassezia on skin. As Malassezia cannot synthesize fatty acid, it secretes various enzyme such as lipase, phospholipase, protease and esterase to compensate it. These enzymes act as virulence factors for skin disorder caused by Malassezia. The mechanism behind the switching over of commensals to pathogen is unclear. The genetic and host susceptibility plays a vital role in commensalism and pathogenesis of Malassezia. This review article will discuss the pathogenesis and commensalism of Malassezia species in human skin.

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Tobin Kåhrström, Christina. "Converting to commensalism". Nature Reviews Microbiology 11, n. 9 (16 agosto 2013): 597. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro3101.

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Romo, Jesus A., e Carol A. Kumamoto. "On Commensalism of Candida". Journal of Fungi 6, n. 1 (17 gennaio 2020): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof6010016.

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Candida species are both opportunistic fungal pathogens and common members of the human mycobiome. Over the years, the main focus of the fungal field has been on understanding the pathogenic potential and disease manifestation of these organisms. Therefore, understanding of their commensal lifestyle, interactions with host epithelial barriers, and initial transition into pathogenesis is less developed. In this review, we will describe the current knowledge on the commensal lifestyle of these fungi, how they are able to adhere to and colonize host epithelial surfaces, compete with other members of the microbiota, and interact with the host immune response, as well as their transition into opportunistic pathogens by invading the gastrointestinal epithelium.

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Blaser, Martin J., e Fred T. Valentine. "Viral Commensalism in Humans?" Journal of Infectious Diseases 198, n. 1 (luglio 2008): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/588705.

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Damle, SG. "Commensalism the new scientific revolution?" Contemporary Clinical Dentistry 9, n. 5 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ccd.ccd_403_18.

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WATANABE, Takuya. "Commensalism of Wildflowers with Weeds". Journal of the Japanese Society of Revegetation Technology 16, n. 3 (1990): 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.7211/jjsrt.16.3_71.

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Variyam, Easwaran P. "Commensalism of pathogenic Entamoeba histolytica". Gastroenterology 108, n. 4 (aprile 1995): A935. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(95)28046-4.

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Macholán, Miloš, Kristina Daniszová e Zuzana Hiadlovská. "The Expansion of House Mouse Major Urinary Protein Genes Likely Did Not Facilitate Commensalism with Humans". Genes 14, n. 11 (17 novembre 2023): 2090. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14112090.

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Mouse wild-derived strains (WDSs) combine the advantages of classical laboratory stocks and wild animals, and thus appear to be promising tools for diverse biomedical and evolutionary studies. We employed 18 WDSs representing three non-synanthropic species (Mus spretus, Mus spicilegus, and M. macedonicus) and three house mouse subspecies (Mus musculus musculus, M. m. domesticus, M. m. castaneus), which are all important human commensals to explore whether the number of major urinary protein (MUP) genes and their final protein levels in urine are correlated with the level of commensalism. Contrary to expectations, the MUP copy number (CN) and protein excretion in the strains derived from M. m. castaneus, which is supposed to be the strongest commensal, were not significantly different from the non-commensal species. Regardless of an overall tendency for higher MUP amounts in taxa with a higher CN, there was no significant correlation at the strain level. Our study thus suggests that expansion of the Mup cluster, which appeared before the house mouse diversification, is unlikely to facilitate commensalism with humans in three house mouse subspecies. Finally, we found considerable variation among con(sub)specific WDSs, warning against generalisations of results based on a few strains.

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Tesi sul tema "Commensalism"

Storelli, Gilles. "Caractérisation de l’interaction mutualiste liant Drosophila melanogaster à son symbionte Lactobacillus plantarum". Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENSL1041.

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Le microbiote a un impact majeur sur la physiologie de son hôte, cependant notre compréhension des mécanismes régulant la relation hôte/microbiote reste limitée. Nous utilisons un hôte modèle simple, la Drosophile, afin de répondre à ces questions. Durant mon doctorat, je me suis attaché à une étape particulière du cycle de vie de la Drosophile, sa phase larvaire. Celle-ci constitue sa phase de croissance et est influencée par le contexte nutritionnel. Le microbiote influence également cette étape: l’association avec la bactérie Lactobacillus plantarum tempère les effets de la carence alimentaire en soutenant un taux de croissance élevé et une maturation rapide, en modulant chez l’hôte l’activité de l’hormone Ecdysone et de l’insuline. En retour, L.plantarum bénéficie de l’association, les larvesassurant sa persistance dans la niche (la niche étant le substrat nutritif, les larves et les bactéries associées). Pour caractériser les mécanismes mis en jeu dans ce mutualisme nous avons décrit les réponses transcriptomiques et métaboliques de la larve et avons également étudié les perturbations métaboliques de la niche. Nos résultats mettent en avant l’optimisation de l’extraction des acides aminés du substrat comme facteur clef du mutualisme. L.plantarum active l’expression des protéases intestinales de l’hôte via la voie IMD/NF-κB, et bénéficierait en retour d’une quantité d’acides aminés plus importante assurant sa persistance. Ainsi, nos travaux contribuent à l’effort de compréhension desmécanismes régulant l’interaction hôte/microbiote et pourraient conduire à de nombreuses applications thérapeutiques, notamment dans le cadre de déséquilibres nutritionnels
Symbiotic bacterial populations (also called the “microbiota”) have a dramatic impact on their host’s physiology. However, our understanding of the mechanisms shaping host/microbes mutualism remains limited. We took advantage of Drosophila tractability to characterize the host’s and the microbial factors engaged in mutualism. During my PhD, I focused on the impact of the microbiota during the Drosophila larval phase, which constitutes its juvenile growth period. Drosophila larval phase is influenced by nutrition, but also by symbiotic microbes: specific association with the bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum buffers the deleterious effects of nutrient scarcity on the host’s juvenile growth, by sustaining greater growth rates and hastening maturation. L.plantarum mediate these effects by modulating the activity of the steroid hormone Ecdysone and the Insulin/Insulin-like Signaling pathway in its host. In return, L.plantarum benefits from Drosophila presence, as larvae ensure its long-term persistence in the niche (the niche being the nutritive substrate, the larvae and the bacteria dwelling on it). To characterize the mechanisms engaged in this mutualistic relationship, we described the host’s transcriptomic and metabolic responses to L.plantarum presence and characterized the metabolic perturbations occurring in the niche. Our results put forward the optimization of amino-acids extraction from the nutritive substrate as a cornerstone of mutualism. L.plantarum activates the expression of the host’s digestive proteases via IMD/NF-κB signaling and would benefit in return from an enhanced AA availability, which would help sustaining its long-term persistence. Altogether, our studies contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms regulating host/microbiota interaction and could lead to numerous therapeutic applications, notably aiming at counteracting the deleterious effects of nutritional imbalances

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Sood, Prashant. "Tools to study the transition from fungal commensalism to systemic infection". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2019. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=240695.

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Candida albicans colonizes the gastrointestinal tract of up to 75 % healthy individuals. It usually cohabits the gut as an innocuous commensal. But in critically ill patients whose gut barrier, immune system and normal gut microbiota are compromised, C. albicans often transmigrates the gut barrier, transforms into an invasive pathogen and causes fatal systemic infections. The genetic transitions that drive this transformation in C. albicans have been a major focus of research and have led to the identification of key transcription factors that regulate this commensal-to-pathogen transition. However, the current challenge lies in identifying the downstream pathways and effectors that bring this transition into effect. This thesis addressed this challenge by developing 11 new bioinformatics tools, including 6 comprehensive databases, 4 novel software packages and 1 analysis framework. These databases included a comprehensive topological map of the mammalian gut biogeography, a C. albicans microarray database comprising of 3,091 publically available microarray transcript profiles, C. albicans RNA-seq gene expression and small variant databases extracted from 1,177 publically available RNA-seq samples, a C. albicans gene alias database comprising of 113,297 gene aliases representing the 6,735 open reading frames of C. albicans, and a C. albicans gene ontology slim comprising of 1,194 C. albicans-specific gene ontology terms. These databases were accompanied by a robust analysis framework which brought together these resources for quality control, batch correction and weighted gene co-expression network analysis. All these tools were finally employed in a pilot exploration of the C. albicans gut commensal-to-pathogen transition, which demonstrated the effectiveness of these bioinformatics resources. The analysis unveiled known regulators, uncharacterized gene networks, pathways and effectors potentially crucial for the C. albicans gut commensal-topathogen transition. These resources are a step towards a better understanding of this transition and can also be utilized for examining various other aspects of C. albicans biology.

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Rice, Kevin Barry Eubanks Micky. "Mutualisms, commensalisms, and predation the direct and indirect effects of fire ants on arthropods and plants /". Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1392.

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Defaye, Arnaud. "Etude des intéractions hôte-microbes chez la drosophile". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4047/document.

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Parce qu'ils sont constamment en contact avec toutes sortes de microorganismes présents dans leur environnement, les organismes pluricellulaires ont développé un système immunitaire qui leur permet de détecter leur présence et contrôler leur croissance. Les contacts se produisent naturellement au niveau des surfaces de l'animal qui sont exposés à l'environnement extérieur, comme la peau ou les muqueuses. Il existe au minimum deux types d'interactions : dans le premier cas, la présence de l'autre ne cause aucun problème pour chacun, et peut même éventuellement apporter un bénéfice. Dans le second, l'un des partenaires est aggressif envers l'autre, qui doit répondre à cette situation de stress en essayant de préserver son intégrité pour assurer sa survie. Du côté de l'hôte, cette réponse implique le système immunitaire et a généralement pour but de détruire le microorganisme. En utilisant l'insecte drosophila melanogaster comme organisme hôte modèle, j'ai étudié les interactions hôtes - microbes. Dans le cadre d'un premier projet, je me suis interessé aux cellules circulantes de la drosophiles, les plasmatocytes. Nous savions qu'elles sont capables de manifester certaines activités biologiques (sécrétion de cytokine et de facteurs coagulant, phagocytose), mais leur importance dans la résistance aux infections n'a jamais été évaluée. En générant des drosophiles dépourvues de plasmatocytes, j'ai pu montrer que ces cellules sont requises pour assurer la résistance à certaines infections bactériennes systémiques chez l'adulte, dont Staphylococcus aureus et Salmonella typhimurium, mais pas toutes
Because they are constantly exposed to contact with the various type of microorganisms present in their environment, multicellular organisms have evolved an immune system that allow them to sense their presence and control their growth. Close contact with these microbes naturally occurs in body parts that are exposed to the environment, like external body surfaces and internal mucosa, and at least two diffrerent kind of relations can be described. In the first case both the two parts do not harm the other, eventually allowing the relationship to go for a mutual benefit. In the second case, one part is agressive towards the other and lead it to induce a response to this stressful situation in order to preserve it's integrity and ultimately it's survival. From the host point of view, this response involves the immune system and most frequently aims at the eradication of the microbes. Using the fruitfly drosophila melanogaster as a model for the host side, i was interested in studying host-microbe interactions. A first project i worked on focused on drosophila circulating cells, the plasmatocytes, about which we knew some activities (secretion of cytokines, cloting factors, phagocytosis) but whose functional relevance to resist infection has never been tested. By generating plasmatocytes-depleted flies, I show that these cells are required for the survival of the adult upon some type of systemic bacterial infections, including Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium, but not all

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Barrett, Lauren Michelle. "Commensalism in yeast bacteria interactions: a study of the relationship between Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Oenococcus oeni". Master's thesis, ISA/UL, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/17933.

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Mestrado Vinifera Euromaster - Viticulture and Enology - Instituto Superior de Agronomia
This research work addresses the under explored interaction between malolactic bacteria and non-Saccharomyces yeast, specifically commercial strains of Metschnikowia Pulcherrima and Oenococcus oeni. Chemically defined media and two chardonnay juices were used to evaluate sequential and co-inoculated malolactic fermentation strategies, investigating the effect of M. Pulcherrima on O. oeni viability and malolactic fermentation kinetics. L-malic acid consumption, and bacteria viability were tracked during fermentation, along with sampling for organic acid analysis. Our findings showed the addition of M. pulcherrima significantly influenced malolactic fermentation kinetics and increased O. oeni bacteria viability in chemically defined media, and select Chardonnay treatments. Further work is investigating the source of commensalism between M. pulcherrima and O. oeni. Exploring alternative strain pairs and understanding non- Saccharomyces and bacteria interactions will help increase winemakers control when implementing co-inoculation strategies for malolactic fermentation. This has a promising application in the industrial production of sparkling base wine, increasing malolactic fermentation efficiency and closing the gap for potential spoilage associated with conducting malolactic after alcoholic fermentation
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Hulme-Beaman, Ardern. "Exploring the human-mediated dispersal of commensal small mammals using dental morphology : Rattus exulans and Rattus rattus". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2014. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=215116.

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A handful of rat species are among the most pervasive mammal species across the globe, primarily because of their close relationship with humans. The processes involved in this relationship, commensalism, are described in detail. Two rat species, Rattus rattus and Rattus exulans, are the focus of this thesis and their biology and taxonomy are described and discussed. Their modern distributions are the direct result of some of the earliest and most extensive human migration events in human history. The archaeology of the Pacific and Indian Oceans is described and migration vectors and spheres of interaction are identified. These possible patterns of human migration and exchange networks provide testable hypotheses that can be investigated using the subject rat species as proxies for long distance human movement. Modern and archaeological tooth samples of R. exulans and modern samples of R. rattus are analysed using geometric morphometrics. The results reveal important aspects of human migration and differences between these species' biology. R. exulans was likely to have been transported out of Island Southeast Asia at a very early date. Human colonisation of the Pacific occurred in a series of complex pulses and pauses that are clearly reflected in the R. exulans data. For the first time it is possible to demonstrate, within one dataset, the multiple origins and directions of colonisation across the Pacific. The R. rattus data provides a striking comparison, showing very different results that allude to a different level of modern gene-‐ flow and therefore a difference in behaviour and biology. The results provide a framework for comparison with future archaeological material. The results presented and hypotheses raised have immediate application to existing archaeological material and areas of interest. Further commensal species should be examined following similar lines of questioning as applied here.

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Hulme-Beaman, Ardern. "Exploring the human-mediated dispersal of commensal small mammals using dental morphology : rattus exulans and rattus rattus". Thesis, Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MNHN0031.

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La distribution actuelle des Le rat noir (Rattus rattus) et le rat du Pacifique (Rattus exulans) est la conséquence des migrations humaines en Océanie et l’océan Indien. Nous utilisons ces rats commensaux comme bio-indicateurs pour tester les hypothèses des routes de diffusion et des réseaux d’échanges. Les premières molaires inférieures issues d’échantillons de populations modernes et archéologiques sont les marqueurs phénotypiques analysés en morphométrie géométrique. Les résultats montrent que R. Exulans a très vraisemblablement été diffusé depuis l’Insulinde en une succession de "pulsations et de pauses". Ce processus se reflète dans la variabilité dentaire de R. Exulans et démontre la multiplicité des origines et des directions du peuplement de l’Océanie. Les résultats obtenus pour R. Rattus offre une image moins claire, discutée comme étant la conséquence de phénomènes récents d’introgressions favorisés par un comportement de Rattus rattus qui diffère de celui de R. Exulans
The distribution of the black rat (Rattus rattus) and the Pacific rat (Rattus exulans) are the direct result of human migration. Their wide distributions across can give us key insights into human movements across the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Using geometric morphometric approaches to trace the distributions of different phenotypes we were able to analyse both modern and archaeological specimens. The results from R. Exulans were very clear, demonstrating the complexity of movement into the Pacific and reflecting the pulse pause nature of this colonisation, as observed from other lines of evidence. The results of R. Rattus are less clear, and is likely the result of extensive and continuous introgression. The results are interpreted in light of the different behavioural traits of each species, and thereby highlighting the role of behaviour in gene-flow across a species distribution

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Hockenberry, Alyson Marie, e Alyson Marie Hockenberry. "Dissection of the Type IV Pilus Retraction Motor in Neisseria Gonorrhoeae". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622992.

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Bacteria of the Neisseria are predominately commensal, though N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis are capable of causing disease. Both of these species often asymptomatically colonize humans, a trait reminiscent of their commensal cousins. The factors that shift the balance between asymptomatic carriage and disease are unknown. Pathogenic Neisseria use retractile surface structures called Type IV pili to coordinate community behavior and to initiate and sustain infection. Previously, the contributions of pilus retraction have been studied by deleting the pilus retraction motor, PilT. Recent findings suggest the speed and force exerted by pilus retraction is responsive to environmental cues. By examining several PilT mutants that maintain the ability to retract pili, I show retraction, per se, is not required for N. gonorrhoeae social interactions with bacteria or with human cells. Furthermore, Type IV pilus retraction by the commensal N. elongata affects the host cell differently than retraction by N. gonorrhoeae. These observations collectively suggest pilus retraction properties shape the host cell response to Neisseria colonization and could tip the balance of asymptomatic colonization to symptomatic disease.

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Mosher, Celeste V. "Commensalism and Reproductive Biology of the Brittle Star Ophiocreas oedipus Associated with the Octoral Metallogorgia melanotrichos on the New England Corner Rise Seamounts". Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2008. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/MosherCV2008.pdf.

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Poreau, Brice. "Biologie et complexité : histoire et modèles du commensalisme". Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01063917.

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Le commensalisme est une association biologique au sein de laquelle le commensal obtient un avantage, alors que son hôte n'obtient ni avantage, ni désavantage. Ce type d'association est théorisé durant la seconde moitié du dix-neuvième siècle, notamment par Pierre-Joseph Van Beneden (1809-1894). Zoologiste belge, professeur à l'université de Louvain, il propose dans son ouvrage de 1875 intitulé Les commensaux et les parasites dans le règne animal, 264 exemples d'associations qu'il classe parmi le commensalisme. Ses travaux ont un retentissement majeur dans l'univers des zoologistes de son époque. Le concept de commensalisme perdure alors jusqu'au vingt-et-unième siècle et interroge sur les notions d'individualité, d'individuation et d'association. Notre étude porte non seulement sur le développement de ce concept au cours du dix-neuvième siècle, que nous démontrons par de nombreux documents inédits issus des archives de Pierre-Joseph Van Beneden, mais aussi sur la pérennité du concept jusqu'à nos jours. Le commensalisme est interprété comme un " marqueur " de l'émergence de nouvelles sciences du vivant : la microbiologie et l'écologie. Plus qu'un concept scientifique, le commensalisme apparaît alors comme un concept illustrant la complexité du vivant

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Libri sul tema "Commensalism"

Dobrindt, Ulrich, Jörg H. Hacker e Catharina Svanborg, a cura di. Between Pathogenicity and Commensalism. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36560-7.

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Vahid, Aaron C. Scallop sponge relationship: Mutualism, commensalism, parasitism. Bellingham, WA: Huxley College of Environmental Studies, Western Washington University, 1999.

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Primatologists, American Society of, a cura di. Commensalism and conflict: The human-primate interface. Norman, Okla: American Society of Primatologists, 2005.

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Bozhkov, Dimo. Simbiozata pri zhivotnite. Sofii͡a︡: Izd-vo na Bŭlgarskata akademii͡a︡ na naukite, 1993.

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Pettibone, Marian H. Scaled polychaetes (Polynoidae) associated with ophiuroids and other invertebrates and review of species referred to Malmgrenia McIntosh and replaced by Malmgreniella Hartman, with descriptions of new taxa. Washington, D.C: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1993.

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Gotto, R. V. Commensal and parasitic copepods associated with marine invertebrates (and whales): Keys and notes for the identification of the species. Oegstgeest, the Netherlands: Published for the Linnean Society of London and the Estuarine and Coastal Sciences Association by Universal Book Services/Dr. W. Backhuys, 1993.

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Lorenzi, Nicola. Memorie di commensali disperati. Ancona: Italic, 2019.

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Hurst, Christon J., a cura di. The Rasputin Effect: When Commensals and Symbionts Become Parasitic. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28170-4.

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Boutaud, Jean-Jacques. Le sens gourmand: De la commensalité, du goût, des aliments. Paris: Jean-Paul Rocher, 2005.

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Olschewski, Luisa Elvira Belaunde. Gender, commensality and community among the Airo-Pai of west Amazonia. London: London school of economics, 1992.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Commensalism"

Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Commensalism". In Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 573. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43978-4_673.

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Gabrys, Beata, John L. Capinera, Jesusa C. Legaspi, Benjamin C. Legaspi, Lewis S. Long, John L. Capinera, Jamie Ellis et al. "Commensalism". In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 1013. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_775.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Commensalism". In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 883. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_13430.

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Reitner, Joachim, e Volker Thiel. "Commensalism". In Encyclopedia of Geobiology, 290. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9212-1_240.

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Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Commensalism". In Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27769-6_673-2.

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Biran, Dvora, Anat Parket e Eliora Z. Ron. "Commensalism Versus Virulence". In Beneficial Microorganisms in Multicellular Life Forms, 253–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21680-0_19.

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Wold, Agnes E., e Ingegerd Adlerberth. "Pathological Consequences of Commensalism". In Persistent Bacterial Infections, 115–44. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555818104.ch7.

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O’Callaghan, John, e Paul W. O’Toole. "Lactobacillus: Host–Microbe Relationships". In Between Pathogenicity and Commensalism, 119–54. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/82_2011_187.

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Henderson, Brian, e Andrew Martin. "Bacterial Moonlighting Proteins and Bacterial Virulence". In Between Pathogenicity and Commensalism, 155–213. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/82_2011_188.

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Cheng, Jing, Airi M. Palva, Willem M. de Vos e Reetta Satokari. "Contribution of the Intestinal Microbiota to Human Health: From Birth to 100 Years of Age". In Between Pathogenicity and Commensalism, 323–46. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/82_2011_189.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Commensalism"

Zhou, Renlai, Qian Li e H. Y. Fu. "Commensalism of quasi-coherent noise-like and conventional soliton pulse in a simplified NPE mode-locked fiber laser". In 2021 19th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icocn53177.2021.9563890.

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Kerr, James. "COMMENSALISM IN THE MIDST OF EXTINCTION: ENCRUSTERS AND BORERS OF THE APPALACIAN FORELAND BASIN ACROSS THE FRASNIAN-FAMENNIAN BOUNDARY". In GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-317370.

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Sears, Cynthia L. "Abstract SY27-01: Colon commensals and cancer". In Proceedings: AACR 102nd Annual Meeting 2011‐‐ Apr 2‐6, 2011; Orlando, FL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-sy27-01.

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Li, Di, Yu Wang e Xiaohang Zhang. "A New Age of Commensality in Radio Surveys". In XXXVth URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium. Gent, Belgium: URSI – International Union of Radio Science, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46620/ursigass.2023.1306.tywa7978.

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Bocanegra, Mimi, Mailin Lemke, Roelof A. J. de Vries e Geke D. S. Ludden. "Commensality or Reverie in Eating? Exploring the Solo Dining Experience". In ICMI '22: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMODAL INTERACTION. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3536221.3556577.

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Taneja, V. "FRI0077 Gut commensals modulate inflammation via t regulatory cells". In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, 14–17 June, 2017. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-eular.2307.

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Ceccaldi, Eleonora, Gijs Huisman, Gualtiero Volpe e Maurizio Mancini. "Guess who's coming to dinner? Surveying Digital Commensality During Covid-19 Outbreak". In ICMI '20: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMODAL INTERACTION. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3395035.3425649.

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Kiouptsi, K., Z. Gao, K. Jurk e C. Reinhardt. "Influence of gut commensals on murine deep vein thrombosis and platelet function". In GTH Congress 2024 – 68th Annual Meeting of the Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Research – Building Bridges in Coagulation. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1779063.

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Perez, L., B. Wu, I. Sulaiman, B. Franca, J. Carpenito, E. Olsen, K. Yie et al. "Lower Airway Priming with Human Oral Commensals Alters Immune Response to Streptococcus Pneumoniae". In American Thoracic Society 2019 International Conference, May 17-22, 2019 - Dallas, TX. American Thoracic Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_meetingabstracts.a4215.

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Hudak, Jason E., David Alvarez, Ashwin Skelly, Ulrich H. von Andrian e Dennis L. Kasper. "Abstract PR07: Bioorthogonal chemical labeling of specific immunomodulatory surface molecules in live commensals". In Abstracts: Second CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; September 25-28, 2016; New York, NY. American Association for Cancer Research, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/2326-6066.imm2016-pr07.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Commensalism"

Sayavedra-Soto, Luis, e Daniel Arp. Interactions between ammonia and nitrite oxidizing bacteria in co-cultures: Is there evidence for mutualism, commensalism, or competition? Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), agosto 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1375758.

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Rodriguez, Russell, e Stanley Freeman. Characterization of fungal symbiotic lifestyle expression in Colletotrichum and generating non-pathogenic mutants that confer disease resistance, drought tolerance, and growth enhancement to plant hosts. United States Department of Agriculture, febbraio 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7587215.bard.

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Abstract (sommario):

Fungal plant pathogens are responsible for extensive annual crop and revenue losses throughout the world. To better understand why fungi cause diseases, we performed gene-disruption mutagenesis on several pathogenic Colletotrichum species and demonstrated that pathogenic isolates can be converted to symbionts (mutualism, commensalism, parasitism) expressing non-pathogenic lifestyles. The objectives of this proposal were to: 1- generate crop-specific mutants by gene disruption that express mutualistic lifestyles, 2- assess the ability of the mutualists to confer disease resistance, drought tolerance, and growth enhancement to host plants, 3- compare fslm1 sequences and their genomic locations in the different species, and 4- document the colonization process of each Colletotrichum species.It was demonstrated that wildtype pathogenic Colletotrichum isolates, can be converted by mutation from expressing a pathogenic lifestyle to symbionts expressing non-pathogenic lifestyles. In the US, mutants of Colletotrichum were isolated by homologous gene disruption using a vector containing a disrupted FSlm1 sequence while in Israel, C. acutatum mutants were selected by restriction enzyme mediated integration (REMI) transformation. One group (US) of non-pathogenic mutants conferred disease protection against pathogenic species of Colletotrichum, Fusarium, and Phytophthora; drought tolerance; and growth enhancement to host plants. These mutants were defined as mutualists and disease resistance correlated to a decrease in the time required for hosts to activate defense systems when exposed to virulent fungi. The second group (Israel) of non-pathogenic mutants did not confer disease resistance and were classified as commensals. In addition, we demonstrated that wildtype pathogenic Colletotrichum species can express non-pathogenic lifestyles, including mutualism, on plants they colonize asymptomatically. The expected long term contribution of this research to agriculture in the US and Israel is threefold. Host-specific mutualists will be utilized in the various crops to confer (1) disease resistance to reduce dependence on chemical fungicides; (2) drought tolerance to reduce water consumption for irrigation; (3) growth enhancement to increase yields.

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Rodriguez, Russell J., e Stanley Freeman. Gene Expression Patterns in Plants Colonized with Pathogenic and Non-pathogenic Gene Disruption Mutants of Colletotrichum. United States Department of Agriculture, febbraio 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7592112.bard.

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Abstract (sommario):

Fungal plant pathogens are responsible for extensive annual crop and revenue losses throughout the world. To better understand why fungi cause diseases, we performed gene-disruption mutagenesis on several pathogenic Colletotrichum species and demonstrated that pathogenic isolates can be converted to symbionts expressing non-pathogenic lifestyles. One group of nonpathogenic mutants confer disease protection against pathogenic species of Col!etotrichum, Fusarium and Phytophthora; drought tolerance; and growth enhancement to host plants. These mutants have been defined as mutualists and disease resistance correlates to a decrease in the time required for hosts to activate defense systems when exposed to virulent fungi. A second group of non-pathogenic mutants did not confer disease resistance and were classified as commensals. In addition, we have demonstrated that wildtype pathogenic Colletotrichum species can express non-pathogenic lifestyles, including mutualism, on plants they colonize asymptomatically. We have been using wildtype and isogenic gene disruption mutants to characterize gene expression patterns in plants colonized with a pathogen, mutualist or commensal. The US group is contrasting genes expressed during colonization by mutuahstic and commensal mutants of C. magna and a pathogenic wildtype C. coccodes on tomato. The Israeli group is characterizing genes expressed during asymptomatic colonization of tomato by wildtype C. acutatum and a non-pathogenic mutant.To accomplish this we have been utilizing suppressive subtraction hybridization, microarray and sequencing strategies. The expected contribution of this research to agriculture in the US and Israel is: 1) understanding how pathogens colonize certain hosts asymptomatic ally will shed light on the ecology of plant pathogens which has been described as a fundamental deficiency in plant pathology; 2) identifying genes involved in symbiotically conferred disease resistance will help explain why and how pathogens cause disease, and may identify new candidate targets for developing genetically modified disease resistant crop plants.

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