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1
Ahmed, Mohi U. "Champions of collaboration in collaborative technological innovation". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0025/NQ51832.pdf.
Testo completo
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Karlsson, Jan. "Learning in Collaboration : Academics’ experiences in collaborative partnerships". Doctoral thesis, Pedagogiska institutionen, Lunds universitet, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-73.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
There is an ongoing debate both in the United States and Europe about the need to develop a broader view of scholarship and the different activities connected with it, including “service to the community”. In Sweden, service takes the form of practice-oriented engagement and collaboration with the surrounding community, as stipulated by Swedish law regulating universities’ activities. Collaboration is frequently perceived as a supplementary task, in addition to education and research, hence the name ‘the third task’. Many academics, university teachers and researchers, are today involved in different collaborative partnerships. This thesis focuses academics’ learning in two different contexts: collaboration with small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and in a multidisciplinary research programme at the National Institute for Working Life in Sweden (NIWL). The results of the first investigation reveal that the academics learn different strategies to instigate, accomplish, deepen and further develop collaboration between universities and SMEs. The results also show also that academic professionals engaged in this type of activity need to handle the rigid structures of the academic organisation, which neither encourage nor reward these individuals’ efforts to collaborate. However, this study shows that although academics and practioners from SMEs come from different working cultures with their various traditions associated with language and interaction, a continuous exchange and dialogue creates trust and competence for all parties, as well as learning in the form of new knowledge that is useful for both the academia and SMEs. Collaboration across disciplines is rapidly becoming an integral feature of research, due to the desire to explore problems and questions that are not confined to a single discipline and the need to solve societal problems. The second empirical investigation focuses on the workplace learning of researchers in a multidisciplinary research (MDR) programme at the National Institute for Working Life in Sweden (NIWL), and their collaboration with practitioners. The results show that academics in this multidisciplinary context reach a deepened awareness of the perspectives of their own and others’ fields of research, as well as a heightened curiosity to learn more. The learning also involves gaining new insights about their own learning and how this takes place; its impact on their own professional development, and discovering, sometimes surprisingly, how their competence can be used in new areas of research. The interaction of knowledge and experience with researchers of different disciplines and practitioners creates a context that demands a different type of learning for the academics, compared to working in their own disciplines. Both investigations give an understanding of how academics experience their learning in collaboration with practitioners and researchers from different disciplines. It shows how the holistic integration of knowledge deriving from the academic functions of collaboration, teaching and research contributes to development within the academia and in working environments outside it.Det finns en pågående debatt, både i USA och i Europa om behovet att utveckla en bredare syn på akademisk kompetens och de olika aktiviteterna som den innefattar, bland annat det som kallas “tjänster riktade mot samhället”. I Sverige tar dessa samhällsorienterade tjänster formen av praktik orienterad involvering och samarbete med det omgivande samhället, i enlighet med den lagstiftning som reglerar högskolans verksamhet. Samarbete uppfattas ofta som en uppgift som ligger utöver utbildning och forskning; den kallas därför också “den tredje uppgiften”. Många akademiker, universitetslärare och forskare, är idag engagerade i olika former av samverkan. Avhandlingen fokuserar akademikers lärande i två olika sammanhang: samverkan med små och medelstora företag (SMF), och samverkan inom ramen för ett flervetenskapligt forskningsprogram vid Arbetslivsinstitutet (ALI). Resultaten från den första undersökningen visar att akademikerna lär sig olika strategier för att initiera, genomföra, fördjupa och vidareutveckla samverkan mellan högskolan och SMF. Resultaten visar också att akademikerna som är verksamma inom detta område behöver hantera den akademiska organisationens rigida strukturer, som varken uppmuntrar eller belönar dessa individers ansträngningar att samverka. Akademiker och praktiker i SMF kommer från olika arbetskulturer, med olika traditioner förknippade med språk och interaktion. Undersökningen visar dock att kontinuiteten i utbytet och dialogen skapar ett förtroende och kompetensutveckling för alla involverade parter, samt ett lärande i form av ny kunskap som är användbar både för akademin och för SMF. Tvärvetenskapligt samarbete håller på att bli en grundläggande del av all forskning, beroende på önskan att utforska problem och frågeställningar som inte är begränsade till ett enstaka ämnesområde, och behovet att lösa de problem samhället ställs inför. Den andra empiriska undersökningen fokuserar forskares lärande på arbetsplatsen inom ett flervetenskapligt forskningsprogram vid (ALI), samt deras samarbete med praktiker. Resultaten visar att det som akademiker lär i detta flervetenskapliga sammanhang är en fördjupad medvetenhet om perspektiven i deras egen och andras forskningsfält, samt en förstärkt nyfikenhet att lära mer. Lärandet innebär även att komma till nya insikter om deras eget lärande, och hur detta äger rum; hur det påverkar deras egen professionella utveckling, och att upptäcka - ibland överraskande – hur deras kompetens kan användas i nya forskningsområden. Samspelet mellan kunskap och erfarenhet hos forskare med olika ämnesbakgrund och med praktiker skapar ett sammanhang som kräver en annan typ av lärande for akademikerna, jämfört med deras inomdisciplinära arbete. Resultaten från båda undersökningarna ger en förståelse av hur akademiker upplever sitt lärande i samarbete med praktiker och andra forskare från olika ämnen. Det visar hur den holistiska kunskapsintegrationen som härrör från de tre akademiska funktionerna samverkan, undervisning och forskning, samtidigt bidrar till utveckling i arbetsmiljöer både inom och utanför akademin.
Populärvetenskaplig beskrivning på svenska av artiklarna I-IV.
3
Hauber, Joerg. "Understanding Remote Collaboration in Video Collaborative Virtual Environments". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Computer Science and Software Engineering, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1247.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Video-mediated communication (VMC) is currently the prevalent mode of telecommunication for applications such as remote collaboration, teleconferencing, and distance learning. It is generally assumed that transmitting real-time talking-head videos of participants in addition to their audio is beneficial and desirable, enabling remote conferencing to feel almost the same as face-to-face collaboration. However, compared to being face-to-face, VMC still feels distant, artificial, cumbersome, and detached. One limitation of standard video-collaboration that contributes to this feeling is that the 3D context between people and their shared workspace given in face-to-face collaboration is lost. It is therefore not possible for participants to tell from the video what others are looking at, what they are working on, or who they are talking to. Video Collaborative Virtual Environments (video-CVEs) are novel VMC interfaces which address these problems by re-introducing a virtual 3D context into which distant users are mentally "transported" to be together and interact with the environment and with each other, represented by their spatially controllable video-avatars. To date, research efforts following this approach have primarily focused on the demonstration of working prototypes. However, maturation of these systems requires a deeper understanding of human factors that emerge during mediated collaborative processes. This thesis contributes to a deeper understanding of human factors. It investigates the hypothesis that video-CVEs can effectively support face-to-face aspects of collaboration which are absent in standard video-collaboration. This hypothesis is tested in four related comparative user studies involving teams of participants collaborating in video-CVEs, through standard video-conferencing systems, and being face-to-face. The experiments apply and extend methods from the research fields of human-computer interaction, computer-supported cooperative work, and presence. Empirical findings indicate benefits of video-CVEs for user experience dimensions such as social presence and copresence, but also highlight challenges for awareness and usability that need to be overcome to unlock the full potential of this type of interface.
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Sedgwick, Donna Ann. "To Work Together or Not? Examining Public-Public Program Collaboration Between Head Start and the Virginia Preschool Initiative". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73503.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This dissertation investigates public-public program collaboration (PPPC) between Head Start and the Virginia Preschool Initiative and asks why and how, and to what extent PPPC occurs between these preschool programs. To frame an understanding of PPPC, the dissertation assays collaborative process dimensions, collaborative management techniques, and degrees of collaborative activity. In-depth interviews with Head Start and VPI administrators result in the analysis of 16 Head Start-VPI dyadic relationships and places the focus of this research on the micro-level actions of the program administrators. Each Head Start-VPI dyad is assigned a degree of collaborative activity along a continuum ranging from no relationship (one dyad), cooperation (four dyads), coordination (six dyads), or collaboration (five dyads), and is assessed in terms of the presence or absence of the collaborative process dimensions of governance, administration, organizational autonomy, norms of trust, and mutuality. Qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) is used to identify the underlying process dimensions that comprise collaboration at the varying degrees of collaborative activity. Collaborating dyads generally are found to exhibit all of the process dimensions, where the no relationship and cooperating dyads exhibit relatively few of the process dimensions. Coordinating dyads typically have strong structural dimensions but weak mutuality, or strong social capital dimensions, but weak administration. The dissertation shows how public administrators engage the collaborative management techniques of activating, framing, mobilizing, and synthesizing, and finds variation in management techniques across types of collaborative activities. It also argues for activation activity to include "history of collaboration" stories and identifies six framing types that intersect at being collaborative or non-collaborative in focus and mature or immature. The dissertation concludes with recommendations for current preschool administrators and future scholarship.Ph. D.
5
Apps, Linda K. "Collaborative art, a study of a non-verbal collaboration". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ65021.pdf.
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Sonnenwald, Diane H., Mirja Iivonen, Jeffrey A. Alpi e Heli Kokkinen. "Collaborative Learning Using Collaboration Technology: Report from the Field". Kluwer Publishers, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105954.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
We propose that emerging collaboration, or groupware, technology that supports synchronous interaction among students and faculty can add new aspects to the traditional distance learning and university course models. To explore this assumption we taught a masters' level university course using collaboration technology. In our approach, collaboration technology (integrated synchronous audio- and video-conferencing, electronic whiteboard and shared application tools) was used to provide students at universities in different countries opportunities to participate in interactive class exercises and discussions, and to do class assignments together. Students also participated in traditional, face-to-face class seminars, discussions and exercises at their local university. Thus students learned using collaboration technology and traditional methods. In this paper we describe the course and discuss students' evaluations of the course, their collaboration with each other, and collaboration technology used during the course. Students evaluated the course and their collaborative experiences very highly but reported unique challenges and had mixed impressions with respect to the technology. Challenges included establishing interpersonal communication and meeting commitments. In general, students judged collaboration technology lower than e-mail and telephony in characteristics such as social presence, participation and ease of use. However, there were differences in evaluations among students in Chapel Hill and Oulu implying cultural preferences. In addition, students reported varying degrees of productivity and variety of tasks afforded the technology. These differences were similar for students in Chapel Hill and Oulu, implying individual preferences influenced evaluation of the technology. These results appear to imply that students need to learn principles of collaboration in addition to the technology for collaborative learning across distances to occur, and that a variety of technologies are needed to accommodate cultural and individual differences among students.
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Dutterer, Andrew. "Leadership Dynamics in Collaboration: Lessons from the Middle Fork John Day River Intensively Monitored Watershed Collaboration". Thesis, University of Oregon, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/20515.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study explores leadership dynamics in collaborative governance. The research features a collaboration case study of sixteen federal and state agency and NGO stakeholders. The collaboration is conducting a ten-year, basin-scale monitoring project of salmonid habitat restoration projects in the Middle Fork John Day (MFJD) River basin in Eastern Oregon. The monitoring project is known as an intensively monitored watershed (IMW), one of sixteen throughout the Pacific Northwest.
The research is guided by the following question: How do leadership dynamics in the MFJD IMW collaborative governance structure facilitate effective collaborative process or create limitations to that process? This study uses qualitative research methods in evaluating multiple research sources. Insights from this study may prove valuable in providing guidance on effectively structuring and managing basin-scale collaborative habitat monitoring projects, including future IMW projects. This study further aims to contribute to research on collaborative leadership for the greater scholarship on collaboration.
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Xu, Xiaozhou. "Mécanisme de collaboration dans la collaboration logistique horizontale". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00957302.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
À cause des stratégies de production et de marketing de plus en plus ambitieuses tellesque le Juste-À-Temps et la production adaptée au client, les approches de collaboration logistique verticale qui sont courantes atteignent une limite d'efficacité notamment en transport. La collaboration logistique horizontale (CLH) et plus particulièrement la mutualisation, dont l'efficacité a été prouvée dans la littérature et dans les cas réels, a attiré l'attention des chercheurs ainsi que des praticiens. Cependatn, un des obstacles principaux à la mise en œuvre des CLHs est l'absence d'un mécanisme de collaboration raisonné, en particulier un mécanisme de partage des gains. Nous identifions deux formes d'organisation des CLHs : centralisée limité en pratique à de petites coalitions et décentralisée pouvant comprendre de nombreux participants. Pour des CLHs centralisées, nous proposons un modèle de collaboration qui est un processus de conduite qui intègre les outils d'aide à la décision. Nous développons également un mécanisme de partage par la théorie des jeux. Ce mécanisme est applicable aux différentes catégories des CLHs centralisées, qui peuvent être modélisées par des jeux coopératifs super-additif et non-super-additifs. Afin de proposer un plan de partage crédible aux collaborateurs, ce mécanisme de partage prend en compte la contribution de chacun des collaborateurs, la stabilité de la coalition et leur pouvoir de négociation. Ce cadre est illustré par des exemples numériques issus de cas logistiques. Pour la mise en œuvre des CLHs décentralisées, nous proposons un cadre de travail de logistique collaborative qui est ouvert aux participants potentiels, et avons conçu des protocoles fondés sur le mécanisme d'enchère combinatoire, qui spécifient l'allocation de demande de livraison et la détermination de paiement pour faciliter les collaborations. Cette dernière partie s'appuie sur la théorie dite de Mechanism design.
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Calamel, Ludivine. "Gestion des Ressources Humaines et collaboration en pôle de compétitivité : une relation dialogique : le cas de la région Rhône-Alpes". Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENG008/document.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Depuis quelques années, nous assistons à de profondes mutations économiques qui impliquent un changement de frontières organisationnelles. On constate que le mode de fonctionnement inter-organisationnel est de plus en plus pertinent, il est ainsi présenté comme le périmètre adéquat de mise en œuvre des nouvelles formes de gouvernance au service de l'innovation. Les travaux de recherche effectués dans le cadre de cette thèse de doctorat s'inscrivent dans ce contexte et concernent les pôles de compétitivité, ainsi que les projets collaboratifs s'y rattachant. Travailler en mode collaboratif implique la multiplicité et la découverte de nouveaux modes de fonctionnement des uns et des autres. La collaboration inter-organisationnelle engage une multitude d'acteurs différents, ayant des rythmes de travail aussi divers que variés, des cultures d'entreprises différentes, des compétences différentes et complémentaires, etc. Les pôles de compétitivité supposent que les adhérents soient dans une posture de collaboration. La mise en réseau des entreprises et organisations adhérentes aux pôles nécessite de travailler ensemble et collaborer sur des missions et projets communs. Or, la gestion des ressources humaines au sein d'un pôle de compétitivité n'est pas simple : nous l'avons énoncé plus haut, les populations en présence ont des statuts et des cultures très différents (chercheurs, entrepreneurs, salariés, etc.), la plupart des personnes associées aux pôles ne sont ni dirigées, ni rémunérées par celui-ci, l'organisation du travail sur des projets de Recherche & Développement collaboratif est spécifique. Chaque structure adhérente a des spécificités et enjeux différents. Qu'en est-il alors de la collaboration au sein d'un pôle de compétitivité ? Quelle GRH y observe-t-on ? Celle-ci favorise-t-elle la collaboration entre adhérents ?During those recent years, we have witnessed profound economic changes that involved a change in organizational boundaries. It is found that the mode of inter-organizational functioning is increasingly relevant, it is presented as the appropriate scope of implementation of new forms of governance for innovation. The research conducted as part of this thesis are part of that context and relate to clusters, as well as collaborative projects related thereto. Working in collaborative mode involves the multiplicity and the discovery of new modes of operation of each other. The inter-organizational collaboration engages a multitude of different actors, working with rhythms as diverse and varied, different corporate cultures, of different and complementary skills, etc.. The clusters assume that members are in a posture of cooperation. The networking of companies and organizations adhering to the poles requires to work together and collaborate on assignments and projects. However, the human resource management within a cluster is not simple: we stated above, the populations in the presence of status and have very different cultures (researchers, entrepreneurs, employees, etc.. ), most people on the poles are neither technically nor paid by the latter, the organization of work on projects of collaborative R & D is specific. Each structure has specific adherent and different challenges. What then of collaboration in a cluster? HRM can observe how does one? It promotes Does collaboration between members?
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Holst, Marita. "Enabling boundary-crossing collaboration for innovation : issues for collaborative working environments /". Luleå : Luleå University of Technology, 2007. http://epubl.ltu.se/1402-1544/2007/03/.
Testo completo
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Pallot, Marc A. "Collaborative distance : investigating issues related to distance factors affecting collaboration performance". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11951/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Both organisations and individuals are using more collaborative work, across geographic, disciplinary and organisational boundaries, leading to increased demand for Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to support a more effective and efficient distributed collaboration. This thesis presents an empirical study exploring various aspects related to collaborative distance in the context of innovation projects. It focuses on the investigation of issues related to distance factors that affect collaboration effectiveness and efficiency. A total of 14 focus group interviews, undertaken with 75 participants in a comparative study of 14 project cases, revealed sufficient evidence on distance factors in the context of mixed (face-to-face and online or virtual) collocation modes. The results confirmed the positive role of collaboration technology for compressing geographical and temporal types of distance; other distance types were also bridged, however, other distance types were created. This empirical study aims to enlarge the academic understanding of distance factors by disambiguating their description and deciphering their role in the collaboration process, and clarifying the reasons for the use and improvement of collaboration technology for overcoming collaborative distances. It also confirms that distance factors raise collaboration barriers, and reveals that they disturb the collaboration mechanics by hindering knowledge workers’ capacity to reach a mutual understanding. Such findings have deep implications for the future enhancement of collaboration technology to fill the current gaps in distributed collaboration, also called e-Collaboration.
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Cerratto, Teresa Inés. "Activité collaborative sur réseau : une approche instrumentale de l'écriture en collaboration". Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA082044.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
La présente recherche s'inscrit dans la problématique du développement des usages des nouvelles technologies de communication et de la collaboration. Deux objectifs principaux ont été visés : décrire et expliquer certains des problèmes réels d'utilisation du point de vue du sujet psychologique, et contribuer d'une manière pragmatique à une réflexion psychologique et cognitive sur la conception des systèmes d'aide à la collaboration dans l'écriture. Pour ce faire nous avons mené une démarche empirique sur un terrain réel de formation qui nous a permis d'étudier certains aspects des processus d'appropriation du collecticiel dans l'activité collaborative des sujets. Le but dans cette démarche a été d'analyser les transformations que le collecticiel introduit dans l'organisation interne de l'activité collaborative des groupes, lors du processus d'appropriation. Cette analyse permet de dégager des orientations pour qu'au plan de la conception informatique, les attentes et les besoins dans l'activité humaine soient pris en compte dans le choix des développements techniques. . .
13
Lyall-Watson, Katherine. "The collaborative impact : writing a play with the collaboration of actors". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2007. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16582/1/Katherine_Lyall-Watson_-_The_Woods.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
How can a playwright share authorial control with a group of actors when creating a new play script? How does the individual playwright address matters of genre, form, style and structure to create a unifying theme, while remaining true to the dramatic intention and aesthetics of the group? What impact will the collaborators have on a playwright's work? Will they help or hinder the writing process? This exegesis closely follows the creation of a new play, The Woods, in a process where the playwright intended to facilitate a collaborative process with the actors rather than act as sole author. Issues arising in this mode of working include the real meaning of sole authorship, aesthetic integrity and creative power balance. The analysis of these issues will have relevance for theatre practitioners working in collaborative contexts.
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Lyall-Watson, Katherine. "The collaborative impact : writing a play with the collaboration of actors". Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16582/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
How can a playwright share authorial control with a group of actors when creating a new play script? How does the individual playwright address matters of genre, form, style and structure to create a unifying theme, while remaining true to the dramatic intention and aesthetics of the group? What impact will the collaborators have on a playwright's work? Will they help or hinder the writing process? This exegesis closely follows the creation of a new play, The Woods, in a process where the playwright intended to facilitate a collaborative process with the actors rather than act as sole author. Issues arising in this mode of working include the real meaning of sole authorship, aesthetic integrity and creative power balance. The analysis of these issues will have relevance for theatre practitioners working in collaborative contexts.
15
Ponti, Marisa. "Actors in Collaboration : Sociotechnical Influence on Practice-Research Collaboration". Doctoral thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap / Bibliotekshögskolan, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-3549.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
There has long been a concern about the research-practice gap within Library and Information Science (LIS). Several authors have highlighted the disconnection between the world of professional practice, interested in service and information system development, and the world of the academy, focused on the development of theory and the progress of the discipline. A virtual organization, such as a collaboratory, might support collaboration between LIS professionals and academics in research, potentially transforming the way research between these two groups is undertaken. The purpose of this study was to examine how sociotechnical aspects of work organization influence the initiation, development, and conclusion of collaboration between LIS academics and professionals in distributed research projects. The study examined the development of three collaborative projects from the start to completion in two countries, Italy and another European country. The data analysis aimed at deriving implications for the further development of theory on remote scientific collaboration, and for the design of a sustainable collaboratory to support small-scale, distributed research projects between LIS academics and professionals. The research design, data collection, and data analysis were informed by Actor- Network-Theory (ANT), in particular by Callon’s model of translation of interests. Qualitative interviews and analysis of literary inscriptions formed the key sources of data for the three case studies. The analysis of how and why collaborations between LIS academics and professionals initiated and developed revealed that the initial motivation to pursue collaboration has to do with the lack of economic and organizational resources on either or both sides, and with a genuine interest in a topic by both academics and professionals. The case studies in this study were decentralized and bottom-up projects in which LIS academics and professionals pursued collaboration because they had a genuine interest in a given topic and not because they were mandated by their employers, or they hoped to be acknowledged and promoted by them on the basis of their participation in the project. Market conditions and/or institutional pressures did not exert much influence on the start and development of these collaborations, although one project was influenced by political considerations and funding conditions in healthcare. The patterns emerged from the findings of the three cases underpin the development of a sociotechnical framework aimed at providing a better understanding of remote collaboration between academics and professionals not only in LIS but also in other fields affected by the research-practice gap.Akademisk avhandling som med tillstånd av samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten vid Göteborgs universitet för vinnande av doktorsexamen framläggs till offentlig granskning kl. 13.15 torsdagen den 29 april 2010, i hörsal C203, Högskolan i Borås, Allégatan 1, Borås.
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Gittus, Gregory, e Anete Lazdina. "Collaboration in Interorganizational Relations : A Conceptual Study of Collaboration". Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-35909.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: Nowadays, organizations deal with many challenges in their external environment due to globalization, rapid technological advancement and increasing demand expectations. One way to face these challenges is by collaborating with other organizations. In this new globalized business world interorganizational relations are present everywhere. Nevertheless, from a theoretical perspective the field of interorganizational relations is saturated with terms and concepts. Nearly all aspects of interorganizational relations have been studied, having created a veritable conceptual swamp, idea abundance and vast fragmentation and this situation is a key rationale for the design of this study. Purpose: The purpose of these thesis is to develop a concept of collaboration in interorganizational relations, meaning that there is a need for a synthesized typology model in which collaboration forms can be classified. The purpose of the thesis is fulfilled by researching and answering beforehand defined research questions, namely (1) what are the motives and risks of interorganizational relations and how can they be clustered, (2) which themes/dimensions are used to differentiate between collaborations forms, and finally, (3) can our proposed model be used to classify those collaboration forms? Method: A qualitative directed content analysis was conducted. In the thesis, text from existing research from academic journals and books in the field of business administration were used as data. Conclusion: The result of this thesis is a tentative synthesized typology model of collaboration in the context of interorganizational relations. It incorporates motives and risks of collaboration and finally seven dimensions/themes of how collaboration forms can be classified.
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Lönn, Carl-Mikael. "E-Government Collaboration in the Swedish Public Sector : Multiple Studies on Collaboration Facilitators and Collaboration Modes". Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för data- och systemvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-130335.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Collaboration in the public sector is imperative to achieve e-government objectives such as improved efficiency and effectiveness of public administration and improved quality of public services. Collaboration across organizational and institutional boundaries requires public organizations to share e-government systems and services through for instance, interoperable information technology and processes. Demands on public organizations to become more open also require that public organizations adopt new collaborative approaches for inviting and engaging citizens in governmental activities. E-government related collaboration in the public sector is challenging, however, and collaboration initiatives often fail. Public organizations need to learn how to collaborate since forms of e-government collaboration and expected outcomes are mostly unknown. How public organizations can collaborate and the expected outcomes are thus investigated in this thesis by studying multiple collaboration cases on the acquisition and implementation of a particular e-government investment (digital archive). This thesis also investigates how e-government collaboration can be facilitated through artifacts. It is done through a case study, where objects that cross boundaries between collaborating communities in the public sector are studied, and by designing a configurable process model integrating several processes for social services. By using design science, this thesis also investigates how an m-government solution that facilitates collaboration between citizens and public organizations can be designed. The thesis contributes to literature through describing five different modes of interorganizational collaboration in the public sector and the expected benefits from each mode. It also contributes with an instantiation of a configurable process model supporting three open social e-services and with evidence of how it can facilitate collaboration. This thesis further describes how boundary objects facilitate collaboration between different communities in an open government design initiative. It contributes with a designed mobile government solution, thereby providing proof of concept and initial design implications for enabling collaboration with citizens through citizen sourcing (outsourcing a governmental activity to citizens through an open call). This thesis also identifies research streams within e-government collaboration research through a literature review and the thesis contributions are related to the identified research streams. This thesis gives directions for future research by suggesting that future research should focus further on understanding e-government collaboration and how information and communication technology can facilitate collaboration in the public sector. It is suggested that further research should investigate m-government solutions to form design theories. Future research should also examine how value can be co-created in e-government collaboration.
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Psimas, Lynnae L. "Perceptions of Collaborative Process in a Professional Learning Focused University-Community-School Collaboration". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/cps_diss/71.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The current study explored the collaborative processes present in a collaboration between an urban university in the Southeast United States, a state-funded educational support agency, and several urban and suburban school districts served by the state agency. To obtain a comprehensive understanding of the collaboration and relevant practices, perceptions were obtained from university, community agency, and K-12 school representatives through 12 individual and 2 group interviews. Data were collected and analyzed using Moustakas’s (1994) transcendental phenomenology methodology. Findings indicated that participants perceived collaborative processes in the areas of collaborative structure, communication practices, characteristics of collaborators and organizations, and group dynamics. Participants also described outcomes of the collaboration in the areas of general impact on professional learning participants, learning, evolution of behaviors and beliefs, relationship development, emotional impact, sustainability, and generalizability. Comparison of the current results to Hord’s (1986) model of inter-organizational collaboration and the literature on inter-organizational collaboration revealed strong support for a synthesis model of inter-organizational collaboration. Furthermore, the findings suggest implications for practice in the areas of goal alignment, communication, perceptions of collaborative involvement, system entry and assimilation, and personal characteristics.
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Hoh, Zachary. "Broadening Design Perspectives and Ability through Interdisciplinary Engagement and Collaboration in Design Education". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1463131013.
Testo completo
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Ellison, Jeffrey. "Collaborative Models of Care in the Appalachian Region of Tennessee: Examining Relationships Between Level of Collaboration, Clinic Characteristics, and Barriers to Collaboration". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2435.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Decades of research have shown that there are significant advantages to maintaining close communicative and collaborative relationships between primary care and behavioral health providers. Fiscal, structural, and systemic barriers, however, often restrict the degree to which such interprofessional collaboration can occur. In the present study the authors examined relationships between primary care clinics in the Appalachian region’s characteristics (i.e., clinic type, rurality, and clinic size), barriers (i.e., fiscal, structural, and systemic) reported to using increased collaboration, and the level of collaboration used at a particular clinic.
For the present study 136 surveys were completed by providers working in primary care practices across the Appalachian region of Tennessee. The results showed that only about one fifth of the primary care clinics in Appalachian Tennessee reported engaging in moderate to high levels of primary care behavioral health (PCBH) collaboration (e.g., colocated or integrated models of care). Among community health clinics, however, nearly half reported moderate or high levels of collaboration.
The findings of this study underscore the importance policy change (e.g., changes in reimbursement patterns, increases in incentives, introduction of PCBH models in training programs) in facilitating the uptake of high levels of PCBH collaboration in Appalachian Tennessee (especially in regards to nonpublicly funded clinics). Further, the methodology used in this study could provide policymakers and researchers in other regions of the U.S. with a means for obtaining baseline data regarding local trends in PCBH collaboration and could serve as first step in developing a standardized methodology for comparing the overall uptake of PCBH collaboration models across regions.
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Seo, Young-Joon. "Northeast Asian containerised maritime logistics : supply chain collaboration, collaborative advantage and performance". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/3139.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis aims to develop and validate the dimensions of supply chain collaboration and collaborative advantage in the containerised maritime industry and explores the impact of supply chain collaboration on collaborative advantage and port performance. Additionally, this thesis tests a mediation effect of collaborative advantage on the relationship between supply chain collaboration and port performance. This thesis employs a quantitative method. A theoretical model is built based on thorough literature reviews of supply chain management and maritime studies, in-depth discussions with experts, item review and Q-sorting techniques to signify ambiguity or misunderstanding with the scales and to suggest modifications. The proposed model is empirically tested with survey data using 178 responses from terminal operators, shipping lines, inland transport companies, freight forwarders, ship management companies and third-party logistics providers involved in maritime logistics in the major containers ports of Busan, Gwangyang and Incheon for a comprehensive and balanced view by using structural equation modelling. With regard to the findings of the empirical research, three main constructs were successfully validated as multi-dimensional constructs. The structural paths support hypotheses that supply chain collaboration has a positive influence on collaborative advantage, and collaborative advantage has a strong contribution to port performance. However, the direct impact of supply chain collaboration on port performance is insignificant. A hierarchical approach of the mediation test and bootstrapping test found that the association between supply chain collaboration and port performance is fully mediated by collaborative advantage. In other words, the greater degree of supply chain collaboration between the port and port user enables them to gain a higher degree of collaborative advantage, and, in turn, this collaborative advantage can contribute to augmenting port performance. This thesis synthesises transaction cost theory, resource based theory and a relational view to explain how supply chain collaboration influences collaborative advantage and port performance. Its theoretical contribution expands the concept of supply chain collaboration and collaborative advantage into containerised maritime contexts, capturing the perspective of the ports and port users. Further, despite numerous maritime studies which extol the importance of collaboration between the ports and port users, no systematic approach has previously developed and validated those constructs and relationships. The various maritime logistics organisations would benefit from applying the results of this study to their supply chain collaboration practices when seeking greater collaborative advantage. The results heed practitioners in containerised maritime logistics organisations to focus on balancing the facets of supply chain collaboration to transport flows of containers seamlessly and efficiently from door-to-door, as supply chain management philosophy drives the maritime logistics industry to become more integrated into shippers' supply chains.
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Persson, Jennie. "Talking Collaboration: Conceptualizing Collaborative Research for Sustainable Development in Theory and Practice". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-358216.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Cross-collaborations and interdisciplinarity have become buzzwords in academia as it has been identified and argued, that going beyond traditional academic boundaries is essential for providing solutions to complex, societal problems. Currently, most of the scholarly literature on collaboration focusses on sub-issues, such as arguments for and against the crossing of fields and disciplines, while there is a lack of practical case studies exemplifying its effect. The objective of this research was therefore to explore the arguments underlying initiatives to start an introductory collaborative program for young academics, identify these programs’ roles in the researchers' collaboration capacity, and thus, to gain understanding of how collaborative programs can contribute in the process of equipping young researchers with valuable tools to tackle today's and tomorrow's complex challenges linked to United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its seventeen Sustainable Development Goals. The research for this thesis was done in two steps: (1) to search for a conceptual framework on the topic of research collaboration, and (2) presenting a single-case study of one example of a collaborative research enhancing program by conducting qualitative interviews with key respondents. This thesis explicitly includes an assessment of current theories on the development of collaborative and interdisciplinary research teams and the relevance of these for enhancing scientific capacity of innovation, effectiveness and progress. It concludes that collaborative research is an ambiguous and fluid concept. Although concepts and theories around this phenomenon have been proposed, there is no coherent consensus on the concept in the scholarly literature. Furthermore, the case study presented in this thesis offers a unique insight into young researchers’ experiences of participating a collaborative research program. It is recognized that there is a consensus among the persons interviewed that participating in a collaborative research program has greatly contributed to the individual researcher’s professional development. It is further recognized that the lack of standardized indicators for collaborative outputs implicates on the possibility to argue for the proposed benefits of collaborative research in relation to the Sustainable Development Goals.
23
Walls, Jay Woodsworth. "Physics through collaboration". Montana State University, 2012. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2012/walls/WallsJ0812.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This investigation utilized collaborative strategies to look at how a more social approach to teaching physics curriculum would affect students' interest, knowledge and self-efficacy towards the science of physics. Students went on field trips to meet physicists and worked together in the regular classroom on physics concept questions through Interactive Engagement teaching methods called the 'Collaborative Group Concept Conflict Process' and 'Physics by Inquiry'. The Force Concept Inventory was used as a formative and summative assessment tool and student percentiles ranked at the top of existing data that utilizes Normalized Gain as a formula for summative assessment. It was found that students gained curricular knowledge, interest and self-efficacy towards the field of physics.
24
Azimi, Davood. "Virtual Project Collaboration". Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-18334.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Almost all projects have some degree of virtuality in their structure and work processes. While there is an abundance of literature about ICT related challenges and solutions, much less is written about corresponding organizational and management issues. This master thesis will investigate management issues concerning identifying the need for virtualisation, preparing the organization for introduction of such solutions and implementing them. This work includes issues like;- Using maturity models as a point of departure to investigate the challenges facing organizations wanting to implement a more virtualized type of project-oriented work- Describing preparation and implementation process with a special emphasis on managerial challenges.- Developing a decision support tool that can be used by companies wanting to implement a more virtualized form of project work. The thesis includes both a theoretical and an empirical approach to the questions above. The empirical part will be case-based based on a limited number of interviews and investigations.
25
Wang, Minjun. "Grid-based collaboration". Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU0NWQmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=3739.
Testo completo
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Memon, Atia Bano. "Inter-InnoLab Collaboration". Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-225342.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Over the recent years, the paradigm of Innovation Laboratories (abr. InnoLabs) is gaining an increasing attention among business organizations as a potential source of assistance in the process of the development of new or the improvement of their existing products and/or services. Business organizations approach the InnoLabs in the search for assistance in dealing with the challenges of the often times complex and uncertain innovation process, and ultimately become successful in their innovation projects. Although the overall goal of the existing InnoLabs is to support the systematic, effective, and efficient innovation development, they target different innovation challenges and thereby vary in their focus and service offerings. As a consequence, all the innovation support that might be needed in the course of an innovation process remains dispersed among different InnoLabs. In this esteem, this thesis aims to centralize all the mediated support offered by the existing InnoLabs by bringing them into a collaborative network. In pursuance of this, initially, the diversity among the existing InnoLabs in terms of their structural and functional manifestations is explored by employing a triangulation of online survey and in-depth expert interviews with the InnoLab facilitators. Subsequently, based on the diversity observed herein, the incentives, approaches, and possibilities of interconnection among InnoLabs are determined.
Having conceptualized the framework for inter-InnoLab collaboration, the next part of this thesis deals with facilitating such collaborations in an online space. The internet, since its inception, has drastically altered the practices of intra- and inter-organizational connectivity. Recently, one could observe a growing interest among all types of organizations towards the social networking sites (abr. SNSs) as an effective medium for reaching out to a global audience. As a result, a significant amount of business related information is already available and continuously accumulating on SNSs. However, the SNSs fall inadequate in supporting the inter-InnoLab collaboration because of the missing dedicated functionalities, isolated platform boundaries, platform dependencies, lack of support for domain-specific features, privacy concerns, and issues of data transparency. In response to this, this thesis advocates the designing of dedicated inter-organizational collaboration platforms with seamless integration of SNS data. Successively, employing a design science research approach, a dedicated, domain specific, and SNS integrated web-based collaboration platform (the InnoLab_Net) is designed for supporting inter-InnoLab collaborative activities.
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Ozener, Okan Orsan. "Collaboration in transportation". Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26667.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph.D)--Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.Committee Co-Chair: Ergun, Ozlem; Committee Co-Chair: Savelsbergh, Martin; Committee Member: Erera, Alan; Committee Member: Ferguson, Mark; Committee Member: Keskinocak, Pinar. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Wright, Sharon L. "Examining the Impact of Collaboration Technology Training Support on Virtual Team Collaboration Effectiveness". NSUWorks, 2013. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/338.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Businesses and governmental agencies are increasingly reliant on virtual teams composed of team members in different location. However, such virtual teams face all the interpersonal challenges inherent in working in a group, plus additional challenges that are a consequence from communicating through electronic methods. Numerous technological tools are available to facilitate electronic communication, and some organizations provide Collaborative Technology Skills Training (CTST) to virtual team members to help them select and use these tools.
In this study, the researcher investigated whether CTST improves virtual team effectiveness by quantifying relationships between CTST and five components of team effectiveness: knowledge sharing, trust, cohesion, performance, and satisfaction. The researcher designed a survey based on an extensive literature review to allow respondents to quantify and describe their virtual team experiences, including information on any CTST they received and their perceptions of the five components of team effectiveness. Prior to the main research study, a panel of experts used the Delphi method to evaluate the survey, commenting on structure, content, and applicability to the research questions. The researcher then evaluated the temporal reliability and internal reliability of the survey. For the research study, the researcher invited over 1000 members of virtual teams to complete the online, self-report survey. Data were analyzed using MANOVA to investigate and confirm that CTST significantly affected components of team effectiveness. Results of this study can be used to improve CTST, thereby increasing the effectiveness of virtual teams.
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Pereira, Dos Reis Luciano. "Une architecture pour la collaboration synchrone à distance appliquée à la visualisation et à la modélisation dans les géosciences". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL/2006_PEREIRA_DOS_REIS_L.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Les systèmes de modélisation collaborative sont encore rares dans la plupart des domaines techniques, surtout dans les géosciences, parce que leur développement implique beaucoup de questions techniques et organisationnelles et généralement demande une nouvelle conception majeure des applications mono-utilisateur déjà opérationnelles. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons une architecture permettant la transformation d'une application existante dans un système coopératif, exclusivement au moyen de la composition dynamique de modules d'extension de temps d'exécution (run-time plugins). Celle-ci tient compte des demandes de modélisation et visualisation dans les géosciences et supporte l'intégration dans l'application de base de services de coopération, de communication multimédia et d'un schéma de coordination simple et extensible basé sur les rôles, fournissant des mécanismes intégrés de diffusion et de contrôle d'utilisation (floor control) pour les canaux de collaboration présentés. Nous envisageons aussi un modèle de travail dans lequel des sessions de collaboration peuvent impliquer l'utilisation d'interfaces d'utilisateurs hétérogènes (ordinateur de bureau et réalité virtuelle) par les participants à distance et nous analysons l'application du système dans des cas de figure opérationnelsCollaborative modeling systems are still rare in most technical domains, particularly in the geosciences, because their development involves many technical and organizational issues and usually requires major redesign of operational single-user applications. In this thesis we propose an architecture that enables the transformation of an existing application into a collaborative system, exclusively through the dynamic composition of run-time plugins. It takes into account the requirements of modeling and visualization in the geosciences, and supports the integration into the base application of cooperation services, multimedia communication, and a simple and extensible role-based coordination scheme that provides integrated broadcasting and floor-control mechanisms for the introduced collaboration channels. We also consider a work model in which collaboration sessions may involve the use of heterogeneous user interfaces by the remote participants (desktop and virtual reality), and discuss the application of the system in operational scenarios
30
Henry, Kirk. "Students' Perceptions of Collaboration Tools in a Higher Education Online Collaborative Learning Environment". Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3544.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Higher education funding and student behavior has been changing rapidly (Dervarics,2008). Because of this, there has been an increased focus on the use of alternative tools for course delivery. One of the emerging areas of focus has been an increased interest in the use of communication and information technologies (Curtis & Lawson, 2001). Currently, there are a wide variety of flexible delivery methods that have been used as well as their associated tools. Naturally, questions have been raised about the efficacy of these tools on the quality of student-student, student-teacher, and student-content interaction (Curtis & Lawson, 2001). Interaction and Collaboration may be versatile tools within the online learning environment, but the main concern for instructional designers and instructors is improving student outcomes within the online learning environment. Unfortunately, there isn't much research to guide instructors and developers as to which online collaboration tools promote transformative pedagogy, and research appears non-existent indicating the preferences of students and faculty regarding specific online collaboration tools. A host of interactive events are possible within an online learning environment. Some are viewed as essential and others may assume a more supplemental role. Participants reported that they preferred to interact with other students and their instructor using the discussion board within the online learning environment. Additionally, the participants believe that their interaction with the text was of less importance than their interaction with the instructor. Learners indicated that the discussion board was valued over all other collaboration tools available within the course. However, it is certainly possible that in other learning environments such findings may differ. Further study is needed to determine whether the initial insights of participants reflect reasonable trends in interaction or merely an isolated instance. This study was conducted using a mixed methods research approach. Mixed methods research allows the inclusion of issues and strategies that surround methods of data collection, methods of research, and related philosophical issues (Johnson, Onwuegbuzie & Turner, 2007). When qualitative and quantitative datasets are mixed, the datasets often provide richer insights into the phenomenon than if either qualitative or quantitative datasets alone were used. Additionally, using a mixed methods approach provides strengths that offset the weaknesses inherent in each sole approach (Creswell & Plano Clark, 2007; Jick, 1979). Rather than limiting the study to a single ideology, the research was able to utilize all possible methods to explore a research problem. The results of this study provide guidelines for instructional designers developing instructional strategies for online environments. The importance of well-designed instruction was reinforced by this study. The components of "well-designed instruction" can span beyond stimulus-response or drill and practice activities to include a wide range of dynamic interactions using a wide range of increasingly specific tools. Such diverse interactions using the correct tools collectively comprise a dynamic learning environment encompassing one or more learning communities that can expand well beyond the restrictions of any single course selection, thereby connecting learners in unique ways.Ph.D.
Department of Educational Research, Technology and Leadership
Education
Education PhD
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Lander, Bryn. "Mapping interorganisational collaboration within biomedicine : collaboration in infection and immunity research". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44837.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: Collaborations between and within sectors facilitate research and development by transferring knowledge among individuals; but it is often unclear who is involved, with whom they are collaborating, and why they are collaborating. I studied the collaborations of Vancouver-based infection and immunity researchers both with local and non-local collaborators, combining innovation systems with economic geography, neo-institutional theory, Bourdieu’s concept of fields, and a social network perspective. My objectives were to determine how different types of proximity affect collaboration, investigate what motivates collaboration, and to explore how institutions affect collaboration.
Methods: I used a mixed methods approach that drew on infection and immunity co-authorships, interviews with infection and immunity researchers, and policy documents. I quantitatively analysed co-authorship trends to explore the impact of institutional and geographic proximity on global co-authorship patterns of Vancouver-based infection and immunity researchers through sociograms, proximity variables, and a quasi-Poisson random effects regression. I investigated collaboration rates between and within sectors through relational contingency table and ANOVA network analysis. I mapped the major organisations and regulative institutions involved in Vancouver’s local infection and immunity network by combining interviews, policy documents, and co-authorship data. Based on interviews, I examined how sectoral and organisational institutions and capital influenced action.
Results: I found that Vancouver’s infection and immunity network was dominated by the non-commercial sector, particularly universities. The private sector presence was weak. Geographic and institutional proximity increased the proclivity to co-author papers. Hospitals and universities co-authored more papers together than statistically expected. Vancouver-based infection and immunity researchers collaborated to gain capital to further goals, a process shaped by institutions.
Conclusion: This study has important implications for science and innovation theory as well as science policy. For both, my primary contribution is to further the understanding that interactions between non-commercial actors play in knowledge translation and innovation, a role that is often underemphasized in both theory and policy.
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Tinashe, Kurehwaseka. "Lightweight Remote Collaboration System based on WebRTC : Improving Remote Collaboration Flexibility". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för kommunikationssystem, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-12816.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Context. Introduction of efficient multimedia technologies combined with the spreading of high-speed internet connection all over the world has led to the continuous increase in demand of multimedia services, particularly video and audio. One of the major demands are flexible, interoperable and cost-effective lightweight remote collaboration systems in companies. Web Real Time Communication (WebRTC) is an emerging peer to peer technology that is promising to be the solution to many digital real-time communication challenges. With its fantastic one-to-one communication capabilities, WebRTC supports fast and smooth audio calls, video calls, conferencing, data (media file, document and screen) sharing, gaming and all sorts of messages exchange, all being done straight out of the browser. However, as shown by investigations and interviews supported by Ericsson AB and Semcon AB as party of the MERCO (Mediated Effective Remote Collaboration) international project, many corporate use cases of remote collaboration involve applications beyond the conventional one to one communication. Present videoconferencing systems (telepresence) limits the collaboration flexibility due to their lack of the ability to adapt to system resource usage, hence tend to be too heavy for less powerful devices (laptops, tablets, phones). Moreover, their installation and maintenance costs are too expensive for small companies. Therefore, new flexible, lightweight and less expensive solutions for remote collaboration need to be developed. Objectives. The main objective of this thesis is to identify technical solutions to address the challenges of resource usage flexibility in WebRTC multi-party remote collaboration systems. Despite concurrent developments of both commercial and free solutions that provide multi-party videoconferencing services using WebRTC, present solutions such as the conventional Multipoint Control Unit (MCU), Selective Forwarding Unit (SFU) and Fully Meshed architectures suffers from issues of excessive resource usage and cannot deliver the acceptable quality of experience in different use cases, particularly the mobile environment. The aim of this thesis is to investigate lightweight technical solutions that can be used to improve the system resource usage in WebRTC multiparty conferencing systems. Through understanding the architectural designs, benchmarking the performance of various technologies used in WebRTC and selecting the most suitable techniques a prototype is developed as a proof of concept. Methods. The first part of the thesis is dedicated to comprehensive study of fundamentals, background information and related works on WebRTC. This gives knowledge of technologies, techniques and performance evaluation metrics which help in making appropriate technical decisions during the experimental development of WebRTC solutions. The second part of the thesis is dedicated to experimental investigation in which two WebRTC signaling technologies (XSockets and NodeJs) are evaluated based on call setup time in WebRTC group call. Two lightweight technical solutions for improving resource usage flexibility (Switching video quality based on speech and using emotions and gestures instead of video) are evaluated based on system resources (CPU, memory, disk and network) and user experience. Results. Based on call setup time of WebRTC multi-party calls, the experimental results indicates that XSockets is a better signaling technology than NodeJs. The two proposed lightweight solutions have shown a remarkable improvement based on systems resource usage. A 15% reduction of CPU usage is observed when using speech controlled video quality switching and further 10% reduction is observed when video is replaced by emotions and gestures. Conclusions. Despite the minimal resource usage achieved by using emotions technique, this solution has usability issues as it cannot detect emotions in poor lighting environment. Consequently, the solution of switching video quality based on speech is chosen for further implementation. Though, this technique can be further improved through using machine learning techniques, the current implementation can significantly reduce the amount CPU, memory, disk and network usage to allow up to 6 participants to join a single conference call while maintain acceptable quality of experience.
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Eschler, Bruce H. "Finnish Teacher Collaboration: The Behaviors, Learning, and Formality of Teacher Collaboration". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6191.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Finnish teachers continue to receive significant attention among educators, educational leaders, and policy makers in the United States and around the globe. In addition, teacher collaboration continues to receive support as a meaningful part of teacher work and practice. Teacher collaboration is frequently described in various ways within different contexts. This study aims to: (a) better understand the nature of Finnish teacher collaboration by examining three teacher collaboration behaviors (sharing information and knowledge, planning, and problem-solving); (b) explore the extent to which Finnish teacher collaboration is formal (or school-required) collaboration and informal (or voluntary) collaboration; and (c) investigate the extent to which Finnish teachers attribute teacher learning to teacher collaboration. Using both qualitative and social network methods, the sample included 19 teachers from two comprehensive Finnish schools (1st–9th grades) who completed an online survey of professional network and open-ended questions. Analyses highlights the following: (a) Finnish teachers at a comprehensive school engage in the three teacher collaboration behaviors (sharing information and knowledge, planning, and problem-solving); (b) Finnish teachers at a comprehensive school value and collaborate in both formal and informal network structures; and (c) Finnish teachers at a comprehensive school attribute a degree of teacher learning, in terms of teacher improvement, to teacher collaboration.
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Dunphy, Donna L. "Folio Paper One: Collaboration skills for educators : folio paper two: Collaborative partnerships between home and school: folio paper three: Interagency collaboration in transition planning /". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ36112.pdf.
Testo completo
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Harris, Cheryl Lynne. "Collaboration for Organization Success: Linking Organization Support of Collaboration and Organization Effectiveness". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2005. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4962/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
What does it take for organizations to support people working together effectively? What does it mean for an organization to be effective? Does successful collaboration lead to more effective organizations? This study explored these questions both theoretically and empirically in an effort to help organizations understand the most important aspects to consider when attempting to achieve collaboration for organization success. The purpose of this study was to fill some of the gaps in the research by taking a broad, holistic approach to exploring the context required to support collaboration at levels of organizations broader than the team and exploring the links between organization support of collaboration and organization effectiveness. In preparation for the current study, the Organization Support of Collaboration model was developed to identify the broad organization design elements that are required to support collaboration. The Organization Effectiveness model was created to provide a holistic view of what it takes for an organization to be considered effective. The present study empirically validated these models and explored the links between them. Data was collected via a web-based questionnaire administered to a broad sample of individuals who work in organizations. Results supported a model of Organization Support of Collaboration with six factors (Connect to the Environment, Craft a Culture of Collaboration, Understand Work Processes, Design Using an Array of Structures, Build Shared Leadership, and Align Support Systems) and a model of Organization Effectiveness with six factors (Performance, Employee Involvement, Flexibility, Customer Satisfaction, New Customer Development, and Treatment of People). Connect to the Environment predicted five of the six Organization Effectiveness factors, and Craft a Culture of Collaboration predicted four of the six, notably with a connection to Performance. For the predicted relationships between the models, nine hypotheses were supported, six were not supported, and three unexpected significant relationships were found. Implications for practice and future directions are recommended.
36
Falco, Raphaël. "Etude de la relation contrôleur/contrôlé : apports des approches collaboratives à la gestion des risques". Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENMP0050/document.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Le présent travail de recherche a pour objet l'étude des apports des pratiques d'utilisation des outils de gestion collaboratifs par les parties prenantes du processus de contrôle en gestion des risques. Face aux enjeux multiples pour réduire la vulnérabilité des organisations, le contrôle tient une place particulière. Avec le développement de l'informatique et l'accroissement des risques il s'est naturellement complexifié. Il est aujourd'hui partagé entre des acteurs humains (organismes de contrôle, industriels, services de prévention des risques, etc.) et non-humains (systèmes d'information, logiciels, systèmes de management, etc.), incluant ainsi la dimension de travail collaboratif. Afin de proposer une modélisation du système d'acteurs et des différents échanges permis par l'approche collaborative, trois objets sociologiques sont mobilisées : la Théorie de la Régulation Sociale (TRS), introduisant le concept de régulation, la Théorie de l'Acteur-Réseau (TAR), autorisant une étude asymétrique des acteurs et une maitrise de l'a priori, et le travail collaboratif, regroupant la collaboration et l'ingénierie logicielle. La conduite d'une expérimentation terrain et le déploiement d'un questionnaire sur les pratiques du travail collaboratif permettent de vérifier concrètement les apports des systèmes d'information dans le cadre d'une approche collaborative du contrôle. L'originalité de cette démarche réside dans la prise en compte des interrelations entre chacun des sous-processus du contrôle et la confrontation d'une expérimentation terrain avec une enquête prospective généraliséeThe current research aims to study collaborative working contributions in risk management control processes. Control is needed in risk management processes facing complexity. Indeed, IT development and risk increase led to increase control complexity. It is now shared between human actors (inspectors, industrialist, OHS department, etc.) and non-human (IT, software, management systems, etc.) including a collaborative working dimension. In order to propose a model of the system of actors and different exchanges allowed by the collaborative approach, three sociological objects are mobilized: the Social Regulation Theory (SRT), introducing the concept of regulation, the actor- Network Theory (ANT), authorizing an asymmetric study of actors, and collaborative working, combining collaboration and software engineering. To verify IT contributions as part of a collaborative approach a field trial and a survey on collaborative work practices were conducted. The novelty of this approach lies in the consideration of the interrelationships between each control sub-process and the confrontation of a field trial with a generalized prospective survey
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Safdar, Morooj. "A Model of Effective IT Governance for Collaborative Networked Organizations". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32339.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Inter-organizational collaboration based on the use of IT systems is now essential for organizations working as Collaborative Networked Organizations (CNOs). However, little research has been done to examine the critical success factors involved in shared IT governance among members of a CNO. Accordingly, this research develops a model of inter-organizational IT-governance composed of critical success factors (CSFs) and key performance indicators. The study defines fourteen CSFs that are classified under the main four categories of IT governance, which include strategic alignment, resource management, value delivery and risk management, and performance measurement. In addition, the study identifies key performance indicators that measure the CSFs and evaluate the effectiveness of how partners work together in joint processes for a common goal. The main dimensions of the KPIs include consensus, alignment, accountability, trust, involvement and transparency. The model was validated by gathering feedback from participants in a healthcare on the importance of the CSFs and performance indicators. The findings confirm the importance of the CSFs but suggest that they could be ranked in order of criticality. In addition, certain CSFs were re-defined based on the experience of CNO participants and questions were raised related to the context of the CNO, which influences participant perceptions, as well as the degree of formalization noted in the CNO.
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Lee, Jisu. "Graduate Students' Collaborative Information Seeking in a Group-based Learning Setting". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc271854/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Working with others within an organization can have a variety of positive effects, and the benefits of collaboration have been discussed in various disciplines. In information science, interest in collaborative information seeking, including collaborative information seeking by students in an online learning environment is expanding. This study was aimed at understanding graduate students' collaborative information seeking behaviors through the process of a group project, including factors that affected students' perceptions of collaborative work and their difficulties during the collaborative process. The research was based on Yue and He's model, which describes information users' collaborative communication and information behaviors, and Kuhlthau's model, which describes users' individual information seeking behaviors. The participants were 43 students enrolled in a master's level course delivered primarily online. The students were required to work together in groups to complete a research project. Data were collected through a background survey, behavior survey, and online communication texts and analyzed using descriptive statistics, statistical tests, and content analyses. The results showed significant changes in collaborative and information seeking behaviors and perceptions across three stages of the project during the semester. Theoretical, practical, and methodological implications for future research are discussed.
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Harley, James, e james@jamesharley net au. "Collaboration and the Use of Online Collaborative Toolsets in the Project Management Environment". RMIT University. Property Construction and Project Management, 2009. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20090625.112400.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The research aims to develop an understanding of the extent to which collaboration occurs through the use of online technologies in the project management environment. Given the breadth of the technological landscape, this research focuses on the use of online collaborative toolsets (OCTs). The research investigates six Project Management Environments (PMEs) and their use of OCTs, and uses a Collaboration scale developed specifically to measure the level of collaboration existing within each PME. The Collaboration scale presents collaboration not as a single entity, but as a scale ranging from low to high across six elements. Central to this theory is that for collaboration to exist, all elements must rate highly against the scale. The research argues that although all collaborative elements are found within a PME, it is the level of each element that determines the degree to which collaboration is occurring. A case study approach incorporated three broad strategies to collect data. The first strategy included a Likert questionnaire using the Dichotomous scale, which was administered to collect data on the operations of the individual projects. The second strategy included interviews that asked the project manager of each case specific questions regarding the PME. The third strategy involved desk research to scan for literature and web artefacts. The conclusions drawn from this research are: 1. OCTs can contain a variety of features, several of which are common amongst all. The research identified common requirements and use of the OCTs within the cases. 2. Although OCTs are capable of facilitating a high level of collaboration, Project Managers do not use OCTs for this purpose. The different project environments reviewed are not necessarily collaborative, nor do they use OCTs to assist with collaborative exercises. 3. OCTs are used predominantly for cooperation and coordinating activities within the PME. 4. Collaboration in the PMEs reviewed exists in degrees, at times being identified with cooperative functions, and at other times coordinating functions. 5. The findings demonstrate a pattern of collaboration, which is consistent across all cases. This pattern demonstrates a variation in the collaborative elements across the PME, and indicates a priority that may exist in regard to how these elements are prescribed within the actual project environment.
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Kranke, Matthias. "The politics of collaborative global governance : organisational positioning in IMF-World Bank collaboration". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/101269/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis studies the collaborative activities of two of the most prominent international organisations of the contemporary era, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank. Drawing on ninety-five interviews with organisational officials and other policy actors, as well as an analysis of key documents, I argue that competing normative expectations, especially from their membership, induce the Bretton Woods institutions to collaborate where necessary and remain distinctive as much as possible. However, regular collaboration tends to make organisations more similar to each other. The IMF and the World Bank resolve this challenge to their procedural legitimacy by employing symbolic actions as signals of distinctiveness while continuing inter-organisational collaboration. Symbolic reforms (and, sometimes, less costly alternatives) allow them to claim policy niches for the purpose of organisational differentiation. I develop this argument in case studies of IMF- World Bank collaboration in three areas: (1) crisis lending, (2) financial sector surveillance and (3) concessional lending and debt relief. Through the analysis of the collaborative activities between two influential international organisations, the research in this thesis contributes novel insights into the cultural underpinnings of the Bretton Woods institutions. The analysis extends constructivist accounts of international organisations by suggesting that contemporary notions of their agency are rooted in shared norms about what these organisations should do or should not do.
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Adlard, Gerald. "Collaboration at the crossroads: The enabling of large-scale cross-sector collaborative developments". Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8696.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Includes bibliographical references.This thesis identifies a key to achieving success in large-scale cross-sector collaborations. Surveys of such collaborations, involving multiple and opposing stakeholders in achieving shared objectives, indicate that they invariable fail. I examine a successful case, and demonstrate that the gap between failure and success is created by underestimating both incessant turbulence and stakeholder incapacity; and the gap is filled by a few diverse, dedicated activists - Enablers - and the mandates which help to empower them. The literature review engages with four fields of study. 'Community participation' theory promotes the exercise of popular agency in development, arguing for less state control and the right of civil society groups to get involved in what affects them. 'Collaborative governance' argues for government to actively involve other stakeholders in matters of common interest. The 'participative sphere' endeavours to demystify behaviour and power within different degrees of collaboration. The ultimate challenge is 'cross-sector collaboration', in which shared power between multiple parties in separate sectors is attempted, but seldom yields success. A false assumption that collaborations curb turbulence and can be managed by their stakeholders is, however, apparent. In this thesis I examine an ambitious housing project, the 'iSLP', during South Africa's tortuous transition. It began as an attempt to develop land from which sixty thousand people had been violently displaced to thirty locations. Stakeholders comprised those communities, warlords, apartheid government agencies, recently unbanned political parties and civic movements, municipalities and local industrialists. From conception the collaboration was undermined by private developers luring a succession of stakeholders into potentially profitable alliances. However the collaboration survived four years of transitional governmental paralysis and was rewarded with an enhanced mandate and guaranteed finance – only to come under attack again from different quarters. Ultimately the iSLP met its objective of housing over 32 000 families in fully-equipped suburbs. Through an intensive analysis of project archival materials, particularly of actual participation in collaborative processes, the critical role of a few people emerged. Extensive interviews with them and reflection on my own participation in the project confirmed their unique and un-theorised role, contributing critically to improving planning and coordination of cross-sector collaborations.
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Hamadache, Kahina. "Smart & Seamless Collaboration : bringing pervasive computing to the Computer Supported Collaborative Work". Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10032/document.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Ces travaux de thèse apportent une contribution aux domaines de l’informatique pervasive et du travail collaboratif assisté par ordinateur. Nous explorons ces domaines par une présentation étendue de différents travaux se rapportant aux modèles de collaboration, aux différentes conceptions ainsi qu’aux méthodes d’évaluation. Notre principale contribution pour ces domaines est le modèle PCSCW, qui propose une approche originale pour l’intégration de l’aspect pervasif au sein de la collaboration. En se basant sur un modèle ontologique représentant le contexte des utilisateurs ainsi que sur un ensemble de règles de collaborations entres machines, notre travail permet aux dispositifs intelligents d’analyser et de trouver la meilleure façon de se comporter et de collaborer avec les autres machines de l’environnement afin de canaliser et de faciliter de manière transparente et efficace la collaboration entres les humains. Nous proposons également une méthodologie permettant aux développeurs de systèmes collaboratifs pervasifs de construire leurs propres stratégies d’évaluationsThis thesis work contributes both in the pervasive computing and computer supported collaborative work domains. We explore these domains by an extended presentation of related works concerning models, designs and evaluation methods. Our main contribution for these areas is the PCSCW model, which proposes an original approach to the integration of the pervasive aspect inside the collaboration. By relying on an ontological model representing users’ context and a set of devices collaboration rules, our work enables smart devices to analyse their context and find the best way to behave and collaborate with other devices of the environment in order to seamlessly and efficiently channel and facilitate the collaboration of humans. We also propose a methodology allowing collaborative systems’ developers to build their own evaluation strategies
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Egholt, Martin, e Hanna Haglund. "Inter-organisational collaboration for large scale recruitment : Investigating the collaborative challenges and opportunities". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-264072.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Together with the EU2020 goals, set in order to increase sustainability, there is an oncoming storm of electrification. The need of Batteries is growing, but Europe is lacking both production and competence in the area. Unrestricted new establishments, so-called “greenfield” ventures are a growing trend, which are often placed in rural areas where recruitment can be difficult. What follows is the necessary collaboration between the greenfield venture itself and local as well as national government to consolidate enough power and competence so that the parties can complete the task at hand. Collaborating between such different organisations are bound to spark conflict and shed light on organisational differences all the while exploring the benefits of the collaborative venture itself. The aim of this research is to investigate which challenges and opportunities arise during the initial phase of an inter-organisational collaboration for a large-scale recruitment effort. Where the main questions to answer were; What challenges can be identified throughout the collaboration? And, what opportunities arise during this collaboration? In order to investigate this, the case of Northvolt-Västerbotten was selected which is the collaborative project that has been established between the Region Västerbotten (RV, regional government of Västerbotten), Skellefteå Municipality, local employment service and Northvolt. This collaboration was studied through continuous observations of 16 project participants, close day-to-day work with the project manager as well as two rounds of interviews with 5 participants. All of which performed through the eyes of a participating researcher. The research concludes, that entering an inter-organisational collaboration means that resources and knowledge from each actor can be shared. When this collaboration takes part between organisations in the public and private sector it can be of further advantage. Differences, while sometimes hard to manage, can if done so successfully be avoided and turned into opportunities. If you manage to combine private and public actors to create a team with clear communication, established trust and aligned goals you can instead utilise the differences and by doing so save money, time and resources.Tillsammans med EU’s 2020-mål, satta för att öka focus på hållbarhet, finner vi en ankommande storm utav elektrifiering. Behovet av batterier ökar, men Europa saknar både kompetensen och produktionen utav dem. Obehindrade nyetableringar, eller “greenfield”-satsingar är en ökande trend, dessa är ofta placerade i icke-urbana områden där rekrytering kan vara svår. Vad som följer är det nödvändiga samarbetet mellan nyetableringen och lokala så väl som nationella myndigheter för att samla tillräcklig makt och kompetens för att kunna utföra uppgiften. Samarbete mellan sådana olika organisationer kommer allra troligast att föda konflikter och belysa organisationella skillnader allt samtidigt som de utforskar fördelarna med samarbetet. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka vilka utmaning och möjligheter som uppstår i uppstartsfasen utav ett inter-organisationellt samarbete för en storskalig rekrytering. Varvid huvudfrågorna att besvara var: • Vilka utmaningar kan identifieras? • Vilka möjligheter uppstår? För att undersöka detta valdes fallet Northvolt-Region Västerbotten ut. Detta är ett samarbetsprojekt som har etablerats mellan Region Västerbotten, Skellefteå kommun, Arbetsförmedlingen och Northvolt. Detta samarbete har studerats genom kontinuerliga observationer utav de 16 deltagande personer, dagligt arbete med projektledaren så väl som två rundor utav intervjuer med 5 deltagare i projektet. Allt genomfört som deltagande forskare. Vi drar slutsatserna att ett inter-organisationellt samarbete innebär att alla medverkande organisationers interna resurser och kunskaper kan utnyttjas gemensamt. När ett sådant samarbete äger rum mellan privata och statligt ägda organisationer kan dessa fördelar bli av extra värde. Skillnader mellan organisationerna, som ibland kan vara svåra att hantera, kan om de hanteras korrekt istället bli till fördelar. Om man kan lyckas att kombinera privata och offentliga organisationer för att skapa ett team med en tydlig kommunikation, etablerat tillförlitlighet och sammanstrålade mål kan man istället utnyttja skillnaderna och på så sätt spara pengar, tid och resurser.
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Alghasab, Maha. "Student-student collaboration in wiki mediated collaborative writing activities : exploring EFL teachers' roles in the collaborative process". Thesis, University of York, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/13068/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The use of wikis to support collaborative writing activities has captured the attention of second/foreign language researchers (SL/FL). The majority of studies to date have found evidence of positive collaborative behaviours, however some studies have reported inactive and unequal participation, individual ownership of the text, and minimal evidence of collaborative dialogue. Although the important role of the teacher has been reported in contexts such as face- to-face (FTF) and other online contexts, few studies have explored the effect of teachers’ online interventions on student-student (S-S) interaction in the wiki context. Therefore, this thesis fills this gap by exploring teachers’ interventional behaviours, and in particular, how they affect S-S wiki collaboration. A qualitative multiple case study design was conducted with 3 EFL teachers and their students (aged 17-18 years) at two Kuwaiti government high schools. Data were collected over a period of 13 weeks. The online discussion that occurred between students via the wiki threaded mode and their writing behaviours, as shown in the edits history were analysed and triangulated with the interview data. Unlike previous research, this study brings together the analysis of the wiki threaded discussion and editing behaviours to understand the process of collaboration. Qualitative Computer Mediated Discourse Analysis (CMDA) suggests that the teachers played an effective role in shaping the way the students interacted. An examination of the teachers’ interventional behaviours suggests that some interventional behaviours promoted S-S collaboration and some hindered it. Behaviours such as establishing a wiki culture of collaboration, reinforcing a sense of wiki community, asking students to engage mutually, being a co-learner and modelling editing behaviour, all seem to promote collaboration. Conversely, direct teacher edits, immediate responses, using an authoritative tone, and asking inactive students to participate may promote participation but not necessarily collaboration. The interview data also suggested that sociocultural issues, such as teachers’ superiority, questionable peer feedback, and individual text-ownership hindered collaboration. Therefore, this thesis argues that even in an online student-centred context such as a wiki, the role of the teacher is critical. Teachers who adopt a non-authoritative and collaborative-orientated intervention are much more effective in promoting S-S collaboration than those who are authoritative and intervene in a non-collaborative way. There is therefore a need for teacher training that raises teachers’ awareness of effective pedagogy regarding the use of wikis.
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Schwade, Florian [Verfasser], Petra [Gutachter] Schubert e Susan [Gutachter] Williams. "Social Collaboration Analytics: A Framework for Measuring Collaboration Activities in Enterprise Collaboration Systems / Florian Schwade ; Gutachter: Petra Schubert, Susan Williams". Koblenz, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1228861676/34.
Testo completo
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Bahri, Rupa. "Enhancing productivity through effective collaborations : the barriers and enablers of collaboration within geographic bioclusters". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39569.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (S.M.)--Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, 2007.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 136-138).
Increasing competition and specialization of firms in the life sciences industry has led to recognition of the need for collaboration. Bioclusters, the co-location of life sciences entities in a specific geographic area, have therefore emerged as a global trend. While it is assumed that such clusters allow stakeholders to realize synergies through participation and presence in the local area, the collaborative behavior within these clusters has yet to be explored. The goal of this study was to characterize the barriers and enablers of effective collaboration within bioclusters, and amongst their key stakeholder groups. This study directly compared the bioclusters of San Diego and Singapore to gain an understanding of their relative collaborative environments. San Diego, with cluster longevity of over 40 years, provided an example of organic growth, given its roots in entrepreneurial activities. The Singapore cluster, still in an embryonic state, has a history of organized growth due to the leadership, support, and funding of the Singaporean government. The study of clusters that differ in history of formation and longevity of presence provided the breadth of information needed for an effective comparison of their collaborative environments and approach to collaborative endeavors.
(cont.) Key stakeholder groups, namely academia, industry, finance, and government, were identified and interviews within each cluster were targeted accordingly. Eighteen interviews were conducted in San Diego and sixteen in Singapore. Through literature review, design of a detailed questionnaire, completion of 34 interviews, and analysis of the resulting data, an empirical assessment of the environment for collaboration within each biocluster was performed. Use of two scoring models provided an objective relative comparison of the clusters, serving as tools to view aggregated interview results. The first model measured the environment for and level of local collaboration and resulted in a Collaboration Score. The second model compared the process of engagement in collaborative endeavors, and resulted in a Formality of Approach Score. The scoring models were also used to compare the collaborative behavior of key stakeholder groups. Results from relative scoring models indicated a higher Collaboration Score for Singapore as compared to San Diego (p-value=0.0421), and a higher Formality of Approach Score for San Diego, trending toward significance. Aggregate analysis of key stakeholder groups found finance as the most collaborative, with a higher Collaboration Score when compared to industry, the least collaborative group (p-value=0.0189).
(cont.) A higher Formality of Approach Score was also seen for finance when compared to academia (p-value=0.0479). Other notable results include a greater degree of local competition within San Diego (p-value=0.0266) and a particularly low percentage of local industry collaborations in both bioclusters, when compared to academia (p-value=0.0002). The enablers of collaboration in the San Diego biocluster were identified as the entrepreneurial culture and the existence of top research institutes, and barriers were found to be the high level of competition amongst cluster members and the lack of local venture capital presence. The enablers in the Singapore biocluster were identified as the physical co-location of public and private entities in the Biopolis and the leadership and financial support provided by the Singaporean government, and barriers were the culture of risk aversion that exists in the cluster and the relatively few entrepreneurs, who often serve as a backbone for the creation of informal networks. A model for the development of a biocluster was also identified through a comparison of the cluster formation history of San Diego and Singapore. This model needs to be refined and further tested for general applicability, but does suggest a promising start.
(cont.) Collaborations are important for the continued cycle of innovation in the field of life sciences. Bioclusters provide a forum for these collaborations to occur. Promoting the enablers and removing the barriers increases the effectiveness of collaborations, enhancing the success of a biocluster and its member firms.
by Rupa Bahri.
S.M.
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Yao, Jiadi. "Understanding institutional collaboration networks : effects of collaboration on research impact and productivity". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/379925/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
There is substantial competition among academic institutions. They compete for students, researchers, reputation, and funding. For success, they need not only to excel in teaching, but also their research profile is considered an important factor. Institutions accordingly take actions to improve their research profiles. They encourage researchers to publish frequently and regularly (publish or perish) on the assumption that this generates both more and better research. Collaboration has also been encouraged by institutions and even required by some funding calls. This thesis examines the empirical evidence on the interrelations among institutional research productivity, impact and collaborativity. It studies article publication data across ACM and Web of Science covering five disciplines { Computer Science, Pharmacology, Materials Science, Psychology and Law. Institutions that publish less seek to publish collaboratively with other institutions. Collaboration boosts productivity for all the disciplines investigated excepted Law; however, the amount of productivity increase resulting from the institutions' attempt to collaborate more is small. The world's most productive institutions publish at least 50% of their papers on their own. Institutions doing more collaborative work are not found to correlate strongly with their impact either. The correlation between collaborativity and individual paper impact or institutional impact is small once productivity has been partialled out. In Computer Science, Pharmacology and Materials Science, no correlation is found. The decisive factor appears to be productivity. Partialling out productivity results in the largest reductions in the remaining correlations. It may be that only better equipped and well-funded institutions can publish without having to rely on external collaborators. These institutions have been publishing most of their output non-collaboratively, and are also of high quality and highly reputable, which may have equipped and funded them in the first place.
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Zhu, Jie. "Logistics horizontal collaboration : an agent-based simulation approach to model collaboration dynamics". Thesis, Lancaster University, 2017. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/86456/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Underutilized capacity, long shipping lead time, high cost and lack of sufficient scale are examples of logistics inefficiencies that have troubled many supply chain operations. Logistics horizontal collaboration (LHC) is believed to be an innovative approach to tackle the increasing logistics challenges. This kind of collaborative logistics is quickly gaining momentum in practice but relevant contributions in literature are scarce. So far it remains unclear how LHC could be structured and operated given the limited understanding of the various characteristics and forms of LHC between companies. Furthermore, the explicit impact of LHC on the participating partners, as well as on the supply chain system is understudied. Very few studies have explored the process of collaboration and how it links to performance behaviours. Case studies and Agent-Based Simulation are employed in this thesis to study the research gaps identified above. Case studies are initially conducted to examine the key elements which can support the design of LHC, and to make a classification of models for collaboration. These are followed by Agent-Based Simulation to model a typical collaboration process and work out what benefits would emerge if participating in horizontal collaboration and how the collaboration can produce the impacts on the supply chain operations for individuals and the system as a whole. The case studies suggest that “collaboration structures”, “collaboration objectives”, “collaboration intensity”, and “collaboration modes” are the four key elements critical to the design of a LHC project. Each element represents an important aspect of the collaboration and exhibits different characteristics and forms. Based on these key elements, several typologies are derived which together provide a comprehensive view to explain the different types of LHC in practice. The simulation modelling demonstrates that LHC can significantly benefit the logistics efficiency in terms of capacity utilization and customer service in the sense of order fill-rate, and such beneficial effects are consistently observed in different supply chain environments. In particular, LHC can produce better logistics performance in a relationship-based supply chain network where downstream customers can support upstream shippers with more stable and predictable demand. On the other hand, information sharing in the collaboration, for the most part, does not facilitate the higher collaboration gains for partners. Specifically, sharing either the demand or supply information in the horizontal collaboration is not helpful in increasing collaboration gains. Hence there is a difference for the value of information sharing in the context of horizontal collaboration as opposed to vertical collaboration, the latter of which is often justified as providing more beneficial gains. The research findings provide insights for practitioners and scholars about how to develop a type of collaboration project or study, as well as enabling a better understanding of the dynamic collaboration effects.
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Teixeira, Müge Belek Fialho. "Collaboration in Design Studios/ Tasarım Stüdyolarında İşbirliği". Thesis, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2005. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/121515/1/Collaboration%20in%20design.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this study, considering the changes and the needs of the architectural medium in today’s conditions, the development and the change of the formation of education in the design studios is studied. Through the current debates in the architectural world, the profession, the product and the educational frame of architecture are examined. The basic principles of an architectural education are classified. With this vision, the history of architectural education, the importance and the contents of postgraduate education in the formation of an architect are exposed. The members that form the architectural design studios are defined and depending on the students’ way of dealing with projects, the design studio structures are classified into “individual” and “collaboration” based design studio structures. With the use of the interrelations of the members that form the design studios, these two postgraduate studio structures are explained. The medium that these two structures create are dealt with comparisons through the mediums, the design product and the process. In the conclusion / discussions section, supported by the questionnaire, the positive and the negative contributions of collaboration based design studio structures to the design process are examined. The necessity of these studio structures that use diagrammatic design process as a tool for research based design in today’s requirements are put forward.
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Yilmaz, Ozhan. "Collaboration Among Small Shippers In Cargo Transportation". Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12611316/index.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
As a result of widespread and effective usage of internet, firms tend to collaborate to reduce their operating costs. This thesis analyzes collaboration opportunities for a group of small shippers. A transportation intermediary determining the optimal actions for arriving shippers and a mechanism allocating savings to the shippers is proposed in the thesis. The performance of the intermediary is assessed by using computational analyses. An experimental set is formed that is by changing the parameters that are expected to significantly affect the optimal policy structure and the surplus budget (or deficit) changes. It is seen that increasing variable costs like cross-assignment cost and waiting cost leads to the increase in comparative performance of the optimal policy compared to the naïve policy, which is defined according to a simple rule, although increasing dispatching cost, which can be considered as a fixed cost, leads to an opposite result. The performance of the optimal policy is also assessed by using a myopic policy, in which shippers are trying to maximize their own benefit without considering the overall benefit of the grand coalition.