Articoli di riviste: "Cognition"

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Thoyib, Ellys, e R. Y. Effendi. "ANALISIS KOGNITIF PESERTA PELATIHAN VOKASIONAL RENCANA USAHA DAN MANAJEMEN KEUANGAN KELOMPOK SWADAYA MASYARAKAT (KSM) BINAAN BDC SRIWIJAYA PALEMBANG". Jemasi: Jurnal Ekonomi Manajemen dan Akuntansi 15, n. 1 (3 luglio 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.35449/jemasi.v15i1.38.

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The purpose of the analysis is to find out the cognitions that appear in the cognitive system of vocational training participants in business plans and financial management of self-help groups (KSM) assisted by BDC Sriwijaya Palembang through the pre-test and post-test answers.There are 3 groups of knowledge behavior modes in participants' memories, namely positive mode 73%, negative 17% and doubtful 10%.Through the statement "I believe being able to understand the material of business plans and financial management" 83% positive and 17% negative cognitions are generated in the cognitive structure.These cognitions integrate with cognitive functions namely new cognitive notions, emotions, attitudes and motivations.New cognitive understanding results from integration with emotions, namely positive cognition 74% and negative 26%, a change in 9% positive cognition switches to negative.Integration of cognition with attitudes produces positive cognition 44%, negative 7% and neutral 49%, here there is a transition between positive and negative cognition to neutral cognition or no opinion at all. Integration with motivation by asking KSM motives / hopes, generated business capital assistance motives positive cognition 89% negative 11%, marketing assistance motives, 70% positive cognition 30%, and guiding motives to developing KSM efforts, positive cognition 92% negative 8%.Conclusion Changing habits that have been practiced for years will take time, energy and great breakthroughs about training methods that they are easy to understand.

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Бондаренко, Т. А., e В. С. Власова. "OGNITIVE INSTALLATIONS AS A METHODOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE". Вестник ГГНТУ. Гуманитарные и социально-экономические науки, n. 4(26) (28 dicembre 2021): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.34708/gstou.2021.57.65.005.

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Рассматриваются когнитивные установки, являющиеся основой методологических знаний в научном познании. Предметом исследования выступают принцип доверия субъекту познания, конвенции, символы и метафоры. Ставится задача реконструировать интенциональную функцию когнитивных установок и показать эвристическую ценность когниций в познании. Cognitive attitudes that are the basis of methodological knowledge in scientific cognition are considered. The subject of the study is the principle of trust in the subject of cognition, conventions, symbols and metaphors. The task is to reconstruct the intentional function of cognitive attitudes and to show the heuristic value of cognitions in cognition.

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Chen, Zhe, Apurbo Sarkar, Ahmed Khairul Hasan, Xiaojing Li e Xianli Xia. "Evaluation of Farmers’ Ecological Cognition in Responses to Specialty Orchard Fruit Planting Behavior: Evidence in Shaanxi and Ningxia, China". Agriculture 11, n. 11 (28 ottobre 2021): 1056. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11111056.

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Developing specialties in orchard fruits productions with ecological and economic benefits is a practical and effective way to guarantee eco-friendliness and increase farmers’ income in the Loess Plateau area. Therefore, to understand these factors, the study constructs an agriculture ecological cognition index from three dimensions of eco-agriculture cognitions (increase income cognition, water conservation cognition and eco-product price cognition). Our analysis was based on micro survey data from 416 farmers in Shaanxi and Ningxia, China. The study used two main econometric models, double-hurdle and Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM), to examine the relationship and influence pathways between cognition of ecological agriculture and farmers’ specialty orchard fruit planting behavior. The results show that: (i) the cognition of eco-agriculture affects whether farmers plant specialty fruits (participation decision). The cognition of eco-agriculture increases income and the cognition of eco-product price significantly affect the scale of specialty orchard fruits planting (quantity decision). (ii) Household resource endowments influence specialty orchard fruit planting responses through ecological farming cognitions. (iii) The factors influencing the participation and quantity decisions of orchard fruit planting are significantly different. Therefore, when the government actively encourages farmers to participate in specialty orchard planting, it should fully consider the cognitive factors of ecological agriculture of the growers and develop targeted training strategies.

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Furs, L. A. "COGNITION AND COGNITIVE DYNAMICS". Voprosy Kognitivnoy Lingvistiki, n. 3 (2021): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20916/1812-3228-2021-3-52-58.

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The article considers the principle of cognitive dynamics in the knowledge construction. This principle underlies various modification processes during the processing of knowledge by human consciousness and emphasizes the processuality of his mental activity. The procedural nature of cognitive dynamics is provided by a person’s ability to process knowledge on the basis of associative links and patterns of cause-and-effect relationships. This principle is associated with the procedural function of metamemory and is activated when there is a complication of the structures of static declarative knowledge. The procedural function is represented by the metonymic, metaphorical and metaphtonymic construction of knowledge. In turn, the metaphtonymic model is characterized by metonymic or metaphorical expansion. The operation of the principle of cognitive dynamics is illustrated by examples when a lexeme implements a secondary function in a context, when a linguistic unit is used as a part of a phraseological unit, as well as in the processes of modifying the categorial meaning of a verb and in the course of constructing evaluative knowledge represented by a syntactic construction. It also takes place in the construction of a polymodal text. The processes of cognitive dynamism reflect the features of a person’s cognitive operations to process knowledge transmitted in communication. They reveal the connection of language with perception, memory, thinking, human experience, which, in turn, allows to show the specificity of human cognitive activity, which is not accessible to direct observation. In general, the configuration of knowledge as a result of cognitive dynamism is a complex process regulated by both cognitive and metacognitive parameters.

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Henderson, V. W. "Cognition and cognitive aging". Climacteric 10, sup2 (gennaio 2007): 88–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13697130701537363.

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Mey, Jacob L. "Cognitive Technology ? Technological cognition". AI & Society 10, n. 3-4 (settembre 1996): 226–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01174600.

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Garzón-Rodríguez, Carlos, e Douglas Niño. "Towards a Conception of the Continuous Structure of Cognition. A Peircist Approach". Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society: A Quarterly Journal in American Philosophy 59, n. 1 (gennaio 2023): 61–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/csp.2023.a900117.

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Abstract: This paper presents a model of the continuous structure of Cognition based on several theses proposed by Charles S. Peirce in his youth and in his mature period. In this model, cognitions are discontinuous parts on a continuum and a cognitive process becomes “individually-synthetic,” as a hypostatic abstraction from discontinuous transformations of informational fluxes in the continuous course of experience. That is, they are salient regions or neighborhoods on a continuum rather than points, and the relations of succession and precession among them are inferential, fluid, time sensitive, and goal-directed. First, this paper will outline the theses found in the young Peirce’s work, which inspire a conception of continuous Cognition. Two questions will be raised regarding such a conception: (1) at what point does a particular act of cognition conclude? and (2) how should we characterize individual cognitions? To address these questions, the paper will later introduce the concept of continuity that Peirce developed in his mature years. The synthetic character of the continuum leads to the formulation of the concepts of neighborhood and synthetic individuality . These notions support the conception of a continuous model of Cognition in which the relations of succession and precession between individual finite cognitions are explained. The paper ends with a brief reflection regarding the possibility of developing this model of continuous Cognition as a theory of extended cognition.

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Robinson, Susan, e Max Birchwood. "The Relationship Between Catastrophic Cognitions and the Components of Panic Disorder". Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 5, n. 3 (gennaio 1991): 175–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.5.3.175.

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Cognitive models of panic postulate that panic attacks arise from the catastrophic misinterpretation of somatic symptoms. Hitherto, research has concentrated on the link between cognitions and the somatic sensations experienced during panic attacks; little attention has been directed towards the relationship between cognitions and other critical components of Panic Disorder (e.g., avoidance behavior). Fifty-eight patients presenting with Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia (DSM-III-R) rated their degree of belief in nine “core” catastrophic cognitions and completed self-report measures of the critical symptoms of Panic Disorder. Results demonstrated a link between cognitions of physical catastrophe and somatic symptoms. Additionally, strong links were detected between the cognitions of losing control and “experiential” symptoms, between the cognition of insanity and depressive symptoms, and between the cognition of social embarrassment and avoidance behavior. Implications for the cognitive model and treatment of Panic Disorder are discussed.

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Tudela, Pío. "¿Neurociencia Cognitiva o Cognición Incorporada? Cognitive Neuroscience or Embodied Cognition?" Cognitiva 16, n. 2 (1 settembre 2004): 243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1174/0214355042248857.

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Maric, Marija, David A. Heyne, Peter de Heus, Brigit M. van Widenfelt e P. Michiel Westenberg. "The Role of Cognition in School Refusal: An Investigation of Automatic Thoughts and Cognitive Errors". Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 40, n. 3 (29 giugno 2011): 255–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465811000427.

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Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the cognitions of anxious school refusers. The cognitive constructs under investigation included negative cognition commonly linked to youth anxiety (i.e. negative automatic thoughts and cognitive errors) and positive automatic thoughts. Method: The cognition of school refusers (n = 50) and youth from a community sample (n = 181) was assessed with the Children's Automatic Thoughts Scale-Negative/Positive and the Children's Negative Cognitive Error Questionnaire-Revised. Results: When controlling for anxiety, school refusers were found to report more negative automatic thoughts concerning personal failure, fewer negative automatic thoughts concerning hostility, and fewer positive automatic thoughts. Negative automatic thoughts concerning personal failure and hostility, and the negative cognitive error of overgeneralizing were found to independently predict school refusal. Conclusions: The findings underscore the importance of further researching the role of cognition in the development, maintenance, and treatment of anxiety-based school refusal.

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Molenaar, Inge, e Ming Ming Chiu. "Effects of Sequences of Cognitions on Group Performance Over Time". Small Group Research 48, n. 2 (27 gennaio 2017): 131–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1046496416689710.

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Extending past research showing that sequences of low cognitions (low-level processing of information) and high cognitions (high-level processing of information through questions and elaborations) influence the likelihoods of subsequent high and low cognitions, this study examines whether sequences of cognitions are related to group performance over time; 54 primary school students (18 triads) discussed and wrote an essay about living in another country (32,375 turns of talk). Content analysis and statistical discourse analysis showed that within each lesson, groups with more low cognitions or more sequences of low cognition followed by high cognition added more essay words. Groups with more high cognitions, sequences of low cognition followed by low cognition, or sequences of high cognition followed by an action followed by low cognition, showed different words and sequences, suggestive of new ideas. The links between cognition sequences and group performance over time can inform facilitation and assessment of student discussions.

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Charernboon, Thammanard, e Jayanton Patumanond. "Social cognition in schizophrenia". Mental Illness 9, n. 1 (22 marzo 2017): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mi.2017.7054.

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Impairments in social cognitions in schizophrenia are increasingly reported in the last decade but only a few studies have come from Asia. The objective of the study was to evaluated emotion perception, theory of mind and social knowledge in people with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls. Participants were 36 clinically stable outpatients with schizophrenia and 36 normal controls with comparable age and level of education. We administered general neurocognition test (the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination), emotion perception (the Faces Test), theory of mind (the Eyes Test) and social knowledge (the Situational Features Recognition Test; SFRT). Schizophrenia patients displayed obvious impairment in all three social cognition domains i.e. the Faces Test [13.7 (2.9) vs 15.7 (1.9), P=0.001], the Eyes Test [18.9 (4.4) vs 23.5 (4.4), P<0.001] and SFRT [0.85 (0.09) vs 0.9 (0.05), P=0.002]. The performances on three social cognition tests did not correlate with positive symptoms. Only the Faces Test seemed to be related to negative symptoms. The results demonstrated that there are deficits of social cognitions in schizophrenia even in a clinically stable population.

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Nazrien, Nazrien M. D., Novitri Novitri, Tertiano Prabowo e Farida Arisanti. "The Role of Cognition in Balance Control". OBM Neurobiology 08, n. 01 (17 febbraio 2024): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2401211.

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Balance is the ability to move and/or preserve a particular position while not falling under external force. Human balance is a complex process of integration and coordination of the sensory, motor, and biomechanical components, which is influenced by intrinsic and exogenous factors. One inherent factor that is hypothesized to have an impact on balance is cognition. However, studies about cognition's role in balance control are still limited, and study literature is needed to gain a better understanding. Cognition is involved in various thinking processes. Attention, memory, visuospatial, and executive functions are among the cognitive areas integrated with information processing in the processing of information, followed by a reaction that aims to preserve body balance and prevent falls. Cognition limitation has been linked to decreased function associated with gait alterations, mobility limitation, and increased risk of falling. Cognitive function impairments such as executive function (EF) limitations are thought to increase the risk of losing. Injury to the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, and cerebellum can also affect the cognitive function in balance. The role of cognition in maintaining physical balance is critical. Deficits in cognitive function caused by diseases or injuries will impact bodily balance control.

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Gutierrez-Rexach, Javier, Jens Allwood e Peter Gardenfors. "Cognitive Semantics: Meaning and Cognition". Language 76, n. 3 (settembre 2000): 735. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/417167.

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Hutchins, Edwin. "Ecological Cognition and Cognitive Ecology". Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, n. 22 (luglio 2000): 566–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004402218.

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The Ecological Cognition perspective emphasizes the fact that human cognition is adaptive to the constraints of the context of task performance. People are good at developing strategies for task performance that take advantage of the informational affordances of the task environment. Therefore, if we wish to understand human cognition, we must look beyond the skin and skull of the individual to the material and social structures with which the mind interacts. Of course, material artifacts and social arrangements are elements of adaptive processes as well. Material artifacts are often crystallizations of regularities in the task environment and they develop over time, changing adaptively to fit the constraints of the task, the properties of the task performers, and the other artifacts employed in the task performance. Such changes in the material artifacts change the informational affordances of the task environment, which creates new opportunities for the development of strategies. Thus, human cognition and the material supports of human cognition must be seen as a co-adaptive system. Similarly, in complex work settings where two or more persons jointly perform tasks, social arrangements are enacted anew each time a socially distributed task is performed. Strategies for the social division of cognitive labor are also part of this co-adaptive system, both constraining and being constrained by mental and material artifacts. These interlocked co-adaptive systems suggest a cognitive ecology. It's a compelling way of talking about such systems. Can it be more than a metaphor?

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Griffin, Marlynn M., e Bryan W. Griffin. "Situated Cognition and Cognitive Style". Journal of Experimental Education 64, n. 4 (luglio 1996): 293–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00220973.1996.10806600.

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Cavanagh, Patrick. "The cognitive impenetrability of cognition". Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22, n. 3 (giugno 1999): 370–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x99272020.

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Cognitive impenetrability is really two assertions: (1) perception and cognition have access to different knowledge bases; and (2) perception does not use cognitive-style processes. The first leads to the unusual corollary that cognition is itself cognitively impenetrable. The second fails when it is seen to be the claim that reasoning is available only in conscious processing.

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Todd, P. M., e G. F. Miller. "How cognition shapes cognitive evolution". IEEE Expert 12, n. 4 (luglio 1997): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/64.608166.

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Favela, Luis H., e Jonathan Martin. "“Cognition” and Dynamical Cognitive Science". Minds and Machines 27, n. 2 (7 dicembre 2016): 331–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11023-016-9411-4.

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Soli, Alex, Giacomina Savoldelli, Angelica Rota, Sara Zonca, Gloria Belotti e Fabrizio Lazzarini. "Evaluating Residual Cognition in Advanced Cognitive Impairment: The Residual Cognition Assessment". Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 50, n. 5 (2021): 460–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000520322.

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Background: In nursing homes, most of the patients with dementia are affected by severe cognitive disorder. Care interventions follow an accurate and recurring multidimensional assessment, including cognitive status. There is still a need to develop new performance-based scales for moderate-to-advanced dementia. Objectives: The development of the Residual Cognition Assessment (RCA) responds to the need to create new scales for global cognitive screening in advanced dementia, with some peculiar features: performance based, brief (<5 m), available without specific training, and suitable for nonverbal patients with minimal distress. Methods: Two raters have administered the RCA and the Severe Impairment Battery-short version (SIB-S) to 84 participants with MMSE = 0. After 2–3 weeks, the same sample has been retested. The RCA has been also administered to 40 participants with MMSE 1–10 for a comparison. Results: The RCA has exhibited excellent values for test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation [ICC] = 0.956) as well as for inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.997). The concurrent validity analyzes have shown strong correlations between the RCA and the SIB-S with ρ = 0.807 (p < 0.01), and the RCA and the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) with ρ = −0.663 (p < 0.01). Moderate correlation has been found between the RCA and the Functional Assessment Staging Scale with ρ = −0.435 (p < 0.01). The instrument has showed high internal reliability, too (total: α = 0.899). The RCA has low floor effect (2%) with respect to the SIB-S (58%) but shows ceiling effect in the MMSE 1–10 sample (50%). The ROC curve analyses demonstrate that the RCA is acceptably able to discriminate between subjects with CDR 4/5 with an AUC of 0.92. Exploratory factor analysis shows 3 factors, defined as three major degrees of cognitive performance in advanced dementia, indeed hierarchically structured in three possible levels of decline. Conclusions: The RCA has showed excellent validity and reliability as well as good sensitivity to identify advanced cognitive impairment in dementia, without floor effect. The RCA seems complementary to the MMSE, so advisable when the latter reaches 0. Administration and scoring are simple, and only few minutes are required to assess the patient. The RCA can discriminate at least 3 different major stages in advanced dementias: severe, profound, and late.

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Ragni, Marco, Thomas Barkowsky, Bernhard Nebel e Christian Freksa. "Cognitive Space and Spatial Cognition: The SFB/TR 8 Spatial Cognition". KI - Künstliche Intelligenz 30, n. 1 (11 ottobre 2015): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13218-015-0404-x.

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Campello de Freitas, Saulo Henrique, Ariane Aragão Alves, Tatiane Maria Lisbôa de Lira, Andrey Lucas Rodrigues da Silva, Ariane Silva Vital de Souza, Camilla de Andrade Tenorio Cavalcanti e Isvânia Maria Serafim da Silva Lopes. "Os impactos da esquizofrenia na neurocognição: uma revisão de escopo". Revista Neurociências 31 (6 ottobre 2023): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.34024/rnc.2023.v31.14945.

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Introdução. O transtorno da esquizofrenia é caracterizado por sintomas positivos e negativos, os quais acarretam prejuízos funcionais na dinâmica social, afetiva e profissional. Os déficits cognitivos estão entre os principais sintomas da esquizofrenia, envolvendo a cognição social e a neurocognição. Objetivo. Identificar os impactos da esquizofrenia na neurocognição e os domínios mais comprometidos. Método. Revisão de escopo com estudos sobre esquizofrenia e impactos cognitivos. Foram utilizados os descritores “Schizophrenia”, “Disorder” e “Cognition” e, após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados 13 artigos para a realização da revisão. Resultados. Os artigos eram predominantemente ensaios clínicos de origem europeia. Para avaliar os prejuízos neurocognitivos, utilizou-se as escalas MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB), Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) e a The Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale (SCoRS). A esquizofrenia afeta significativamente a neurocognição, tendo como domínios mais prejudicados a memória de trabalho e a velocidade de processamento. Entre as regiões cerebrais afetadas com o declínio cognitivo associado ao transtorno, observou-se déficits no funcionamento no giro pós-central esquerdo, giro frontal médio caudal esquerdo e na ínsula esquerda. Não foi possível esclarecer a relação entre o prejuízo cognitivo com o estágio do transtorno esquizofrênico. Houve também correlação entre comprometimento neurocognitivo com o nível de gravidade dos sintomas, especialmente os negativos. Conclusão. O impacto da esquizofrenia no campo da neurocognição é severo, demonstrando, portanto, a necessidade de uma maior amplitude no tratamento do transtorno e no olhar acerca dos sintomas, indo além dos positivos e negativos mais associados ao transtorno esquizofrênico.

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Selnes, Ola A. "Cognition on cognition". Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 102, n. 6 (giugno 1997): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0013-4694(97)84005-2.

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Li, Q., Y. Zhao, Y. Wang, F. Long, Q. Gong e F. Li. "Linked patterns of symptoms and cognition with brain controllability in major depressive disorder". European Psychiatry 66, S1 (marzo 2023): S420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.904.

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IntroductionMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by both clinical symptoms and cognitive deficits. Prior studies have typically examined either symptoms or cognition correlated with brain measures, thus causing a notable paucity of stable brain markers that capture the full characteristics of MDD. Brain controllability derived from newly proposed brain model integrating both metabolism (energy cost) and dynamics from a control perspective has been considered as a sensitive biomarker for characterizing brain function. Thus, identifying such a biomarker of controllability related to both symptoms and cognition may provide a promising state monitor of MDD.ObjectivesTo assess the associations between two multi-dimensional clinical (symptoms and cognition) and brain controllability data of MDD in an integrative model.MethodsSparse canonical correlation analysis (sCCA) was used to investigate the association between brain controllability at a network level and both clinical symptoms and cognition in 99 first-episode medication-naïve patients with MDD. The potential mediation effect of cognition on relationship between controllability and symptoms was also tested.ResultsAverage controllability was significantly correlated with both symptoms and cognition (rmean=0.54, PBonferroni=0.03). Average controllability of dorsal attention network (DAN) (r=0.46) and visual network (r=0.29) had the highest correlation with both symptoms and cognition. Among clinical variables, depressed mood (r =-0.23) , suicide(r =-0.25), work and activities(r =-0.27), gastrointestinal symptoms (r =-0.25) were significantly negatively associated with average controllability, while cognitive flexibility (r=0.29) was most strongly positively correlated with average controllability. Additionally, cognitive flexibility fully mediated the association between average controllability of DAN and depressed mood (indirect effect=-0.11, 95% CI [-0.18, -0.04], P=0.001) in MDD.ConclusionsBrain average controllability was correlated with both clinical symptoms and cognition in first-episode medication-naïve patients with MDD. The results suggest that average controllability of DAN and visual network reached high associations with clinical variates in MDD, thus these brain features may serve as stable biomarkers to control the brain functional states transitions to be relevant to cognitions deficits and clinical symptoms of MDD. Additionally, altered average controllability of DAN in patients could induce impairment of cognitive flexibility, and thus cause severe depressed mood, indicating that controllability of DAN may be a potential intervention target for alleviating depressed mood through improving cognitive flexibility in MDD.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

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Addington, Jean, Huma Saeedi e Donald Addington. "Influence of social perception and social knowledge on cognitive and social functioning in early psychosis". British Journal of Psychiatry 189, n. 4 (ottobre 2006): 373–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.105.021022.

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BackgroundSocial cognition has been implicated in the relationship between cognition and social functioning.AimsTo test the hypothesis that social cognition mediates the relationship between cognitive and social functioning.MethodThis was a 1-year longitudinal cohort study comparing three groups: 50 people with first-episode psychosis, 53 people with multi-episode schizophrenia and 55 people without psychiatric disorder as controls. Participants were assessed on social perception, social knowledge, interpersonal problem-solving, cognition and social functioning.ResultsThere were significant associations between social cognition, cognition and social functioning in all three groups. Deficits in social cognition were stable over time. In the first two groups, controlling for social cognition reduced the relationship between cognitive and social functioning.ConclusionsThis study provides some evidence that social cognition mediates the relationship between cognitive and social functioning.

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Qiao, Qiao, e Yongzhi Jiang. "The influence of college students’ aesthetic cognitions on aesthetic behaviours: The Chain mediation effect". PLOS ONE 18, n. 12 (27 dicembre 2023): e0289666. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289666.

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This research investigates the psychological and behavioural mechanisms of college students’ aesthetic behaviours. A survey was administered to 1,060 students attending general undergraduate universities and measured four structured scales: aesthetic cognition, aesthetic emotion, aesthetic value tendency and aesthetic behaviour. The responses were scored with a 5-point Likert scale. Structural equation modelling was used to construct the measurement model and structural model. The survey results indicate a positive correlation among the four variables. Second, aesthetic cognition has a direct and positive predictive effect on college students’ daily aesthetic practices. Furthermore, aesthetic cognition influences aesthetic behaviour through the chain mediating effect of aesthetic feeling and aesthetic preference. Accordingly, we conclude that the concrete path and mechanism of college students’ aesthetic cognitions affect their aesthetic behaviours. Specifically, college students’ aesthetic cognitive abilities are conducive to their cognitions of positive aesthetic feelings and their cultivation of aesthetic standards, boosting the development of their daily aesthetic practice.

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OEI, TIAN P. S., e NAMRATA RAYLU. "Familial influence on offspring gambling: a cognitive mechanism for transmission of gambling behavior in families". Psychological Medicine 34, n. 7 (ottobre 2004): 1279–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291704003150.

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Background. The problem-gambling literature has identified a range of individual, cognitive, behavioral and emotional factors as playing important roles in the development, maintenance and treatment of problem gambling. However, familial factors have often been neglected. The current study aims to investigate the possible influence of parental factors on offspring gambling behavior.Method. A total of 189 families (546 individuals) completed several questionnaires including the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) and the Gambling Related Cognition Scale (GRCS). The relationships were examined using Pearson product-moment correlations and structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses.Results. Results showed that generally parents' (especially fathers') gambling cognitions and gambling behaviors positively correlated with offspring gambling behaviors and cognitions. However, SEM analyses showed that although parental gambling behavior was directly related to offspring gambling behavior, parental cognitions were not related to offspring gambling behavior directly but indirectly via offspring cognitions.Conclusion. The findings show that the influence of parental gambling cognition on offspring gambling behavior is indirect and via offspring cognitions. The results suggest a possible cognitive mechanism of transmission of gambling behavior in the family from one generation to the next.

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Osborne-Crowley, Katherine. "Social Cognition in the Real World: Reconnecting the Study of Social Cognition With Social Reality". Review of General Psychology 24, n. 2 (23 febbraio 2020): 144–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1089268020906483.

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The scientific study of social cognition is a growing field which promises to deliver valuable insights into how the brain underpins human’s social success. However, the poor ecological validity of many popular paradigms constrains the progress of social cognitive scientists. Highly simplistic and contrived stimuli are commonplace, despite the complexity and unpredictability of real-world social experiences. A shift toward a cognitive ethology approach would allow us to determine if, when, and how specific cognitive processes contribute to real-world functioning. This shift would enable us to break new ground in our understanding of the cognitions which underpin so much of the human experience. To address these questions, we must innovate and test social cognitions in dynamic, multimodal, context-embedded, and interactive environments. Furthermore, measuring responses dynamically and in terms of accuracy (rather than based on arbitrary criteria defined by the experimenter), would improve ecological validity. Finally, researchers should take into account sample diversity and participants’ motivation to ensure the generalizability of findings to everyday interactions. This article considers these issues in turn and outlines recent research which demonstrates how they might be overcome.

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Sabatini, Serena, Obioha C. Ukoumunne, Clive Ballard, Rachel Collins, Kaarin J. Anstey, Manfred Diehl, Allyson Brothers et al. "Cross-sectional association between objective cognitive performance and perceived age-related gains and losses in cognition". International Psychogeriatrics 33, n. 7 (14 aprile 2021): 727–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610221000375.

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ABSTRACTObjectives:Evidence linking subjective concerns about cognition with poorer objective cognitive performance is limited by reliance on unidimensional measures of self-perceptions of aging (SPA). We used the awareness of age-related change (AARC) construct to assess self-perception of both positive and negative age-related changes (AARC gains and losses). We tested whether AARC has greater utility in linking self-perceptions to objective cognition compared to well-established measures of self-perceptions of cognition and aging. We examined the associations of AARC with objective cognition, several psychological variables, and engagement in cognitive training.Design:Cross-sectional observational study.Participants:The sample comprised 6056 cognitively healthy participants (mean [SD] age = 66.0 [7.0] years); divided into subgroups representing middle, early old, and advanced old age.Measurements:We used an online cognitive battery and measures of global AARC, AARC specific to the cognitive domain, subjective cognitive change, attitudes toward own aging (ATOA), subjective age (SA), depression, anxiety, self-rated health (SRH).Results:Scores on the AARC measures showed stronger associations with objective cognition compared to other measures of self-perceptions of cognition and aging. Higher AARC gains were associated with poorer cognition in middle and early old age. Higher AARC losses and poorer cognition were associated across all subgroups. Higher AARC losses were associated with greater depression and anxiety, more negative SPA, poorer SRH, but not with engagement in cognitive training.Conclusions:Assessing both positive and negative self-perceptions of cognition and aging is important when linking self-perceptions to cognitive functioning. Objective cognition is one of the many variables – alongside psychological variables – related to perceived cognitive losses.

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Tipu, Syed Awais Ahmad. "The Cognitive Side of Entrepreneurial Ethics: What Do We Still Need to Know?" Journal of Enterprising Culture 23, n. 01 (marzo 2015): 117–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495815710016.

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The paper aims to review the current state of the knowledge in an attempt to renew the interest in studying cognitive side of entrepreneurial ethics. The paper explores how the two streams of the literature — entrepreneurial cognition and entrepreneurial ethics — can possibly be integrated to guide future research. It also reviews the literature at the intersection of entrepreneurial cognitions and ethics. In doing so, the paper draws upon the extant literature to propose a set of questions for future research. Given the ethical implications of entrepreneurial behavior, this paper calls for future interdisciplinary work among entrepreneurial cognition scholars and business ethicists. The extant literature has generally focused on exploring the linkages among entrepreneurial cognitions, moral awareness, and moral judgment. It appears that relatively sparse attention is paid to explore the underlying cognitive patterns of an entrepreneur's actions pertaining to unethical business practices. This gap in the literature at the intersection of cognitions and ethics holds significant potential for future research. The proposed questions for future research include the following: How do cognitive biases and heuristics make an entrepreneur more susceptible to immoral judgment and reasoning? Which of the cognitive schemas is more likely to enhance moral intentions of entrepreneurs? How does distributed cognition shape socially responsible entrepreneurial behavior? Do entrepreneurs prefer rule-based or cost/benefit-based reasoning approach while making moral judgment? Which of the cognitive dimensions of socially responsible behavior — utilitarianism, just, and rights — is more common among entrepreneurs in developed countries in comparison to the entrepreneurs in developing and emerging economies? Do immigrant and/or ethnic entrepreneurs experience identity ambiguity and how does it relate to their unethical actions? How does the level of motivation affect an entrepreneur's reliance on heuristics rather than employing a systematic response to process information for ethical judgment? The proposed questions potentially offer insights into the way in which entrepreneurial cognitions and entrepreneurial ethics are interconnected. Entrepreneurship scholars may enrich their future research efforts by exploring how might insights from entrepreneurial ethics better inform the theoretical developments of entrepreneurial cognitions.

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Liang, Carolyn, Ponnusamy Subramaniam, Nurul Syasya Mohd Ridzwan Goh, Tay Kok Wai e Ahmed A. Moustafa. "Digital Device Use, Risk of Cognitive Impairment, and Cognition in Healthy Older Adults: The Role of Cognitive Reserve". Healthcare 11, n. 21 (25 ottobre 2023): 2822. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11212822.

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Neuroprotective factors are essential to successful ageing. As such, digital device use was proposed as an easily accessible and stimulating available cognitive activity to enhance brain function. Nonetheless, there was a lack of studies inspecting the connection between digital device use and cognitive reserve, the risk of cognitive impairment, and cognition. This study aims to investigate the potential mediator and moderator of the association between digital device use, cognitive reserve, the risk of cognitive impairment, and cognition among healthy older adults. A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the relationship between digital device use and cognitive reserve, the risk of cognitive impairment, and cognition. A total of 210 healthy older adults were recruited through purposive sampling. The results obtained from this study revealed that there was a significant difference in cognitive reserve and cognition between healthy older adults who use a digital device for communication purpose only and who use a digital device for multiple purposes. A significant relationship was also found between cognitive reserve, the risk of cognitive impairment, and cognition. Although digital device use was found to be significantly associated with cognitive reserve and cognition, it was not significantly associated with the risk of cognitive impairment. Cognitive reserve partially mediated the relationship between digital device use and cognition, supporting the notion that cognitive reserve acts as an underlying mechanism in the relationship between digital device use and cognition. Hence, digital device use was suggested to be a good daily intervention for healthy older adults to build on their cognitive reserve and potentially protect their cognition from declining. Nevertheless, relying on digital device use alone is not sufficient, and other activities should be explored to enhance cognitive reserve among healthy older adults.

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Uomini, Natalie, Joanna Fairlie, Russell D. Gray e Michael Griesser. "Extended parenting and the evolution of cognition". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 375, n. 1803 (giugno 2020): 20190495. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0495.

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Traditional attempts to understand the evolution of human cognition compare humans with other primates. This research showed that relative brain size covaries with cognitive skills, while adaptations that buffer the developmental and energetic costs of large brains (e.g. allomaternal care), and ecological or social benefits of cognitive abilities, are critical for their evolution. To understand the drivers of cognitive adaptations, it is profitable to consider distant lineages with convergently evolved cognitions. Here, we examine the facilitators of cognitive evolution in corvid birds, where some species display cultural learning, with an emphasis on family life. We propose that extended parenting (protracted parent–offspring association) is pivotal in the evolution of cognition: it combines critical life-history, social and ecological conditions allowing for the development and maintenance of cognitive skillsets that confer fitness benefits to individuals. This novel hypothesis complements the extended childhood idea by considering the parents' role in juvenile development. Using phylogenetic comparative analyses, we show that corvids have larger body sizes, longer development times, extended parenting and larger relative brain sizes than other passerines. Case studies from two corvid species with different ecologies and social systems highlight the critical role of life-history features on juveniles’ cognitive development: extended parenting provides a safe haven, access to tolerant role models, reliable learning opportunities and food, resulting in higher survival. The benefits of extended juvenile learning periods, over evolutionary time, lead to selection for expanded cognitive skillsets. Similarly, in our ancestors, cooperative breeding and increased group sizes facilitated learning and teaching. Our analyses highlight the critical role of life-history, ecological and social factors that underlie both extended parenting and expanded cognitive skillsets. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Life history and learning: how childhood, caregiving and old age shape cognition and culture in humans and other animals’.

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Bergman, Jukka-Pekka, Vladimir Platonov, Igor Dukeov, Pekka Röyttä e Pasi Luukka. "Information Processing Approach in Organisational Cognitive Structures". International Journal of Information Systems and Social Change 7, n. 4 (ottobre 2016): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijissc.2016100101.

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Despite of increasing interest in social cognitive research in strategic management during recent years, few studies have examined the relationship between cognitive structures of top management and middle management. This study represents the information processing approach in managerial cognition research assuming that top management communicate their shared cognitions into the organization reducing ambiguity of operative environment faced by the other levels of organization shaping the operations of the organizations. The authors' empirical study examines managerial cognitive maps collected with a cognitive mapping method in a transportation company. In the study, top managers and middle managers separately evaluated sustainability management issues and their relevance for the company providing 75 individual cognitive maps. Based on this, the authors' study aims to fill the gap in research of relationship between top management and middle management cognitive structures and increase understanding on role of managerial cognition in strategic management research.

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Hautekeete, M., D. Servant, S. Carton, C. Lamirand, CH Allard e PJ Parquet. "Depressive cognition in panic disorder: assessment of negative automatic thoughts". European Psychiatry 7, n. 6 (1992): 283–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0924933800002169.

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SummaryAlthough panic disorder has been ranked as an ‘anxiety disorder', its close relationship to depression has been suggested in pharmacological and clinical studies. Validation of this hypothesis of similarity between panic and depression requires that their common psychological characteristics be clearly evidenced, especially from the cognitive/emotional standpoint. We assessed 13 depressive themes from Beck's Cognition Checklist, to explore negative automatic thoughts in three groups of patients defined, according to DSM III-R criteria, as: major depression (n = 16), panic disorder (n = 19), social phobia (n = 11). We found a strong similarity in the ordering and regrouping of the depressive themes, between depressive and panic disorder patients, and no similarity with social phobics. These results suggest that panic disorder cognitions may be closer to depressive cognition than social phobia cognition.

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Mitchell, Ronald K., J. Brock Smith, Eric A. Morse, Kristie W. Seawright, Ana Maria Peredo e Brian McKenzie. "Are Entrepreneurial Cognitions Universal? Assessing Entrepreneurial Cognitions across Cultures". Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 26, n. 4 (luglio 2002): 9–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104225870202600402.

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In this study we examine three research questions concerned with entrepreneurial cognition and culture: (1) Do entrepreneurs have cognitions distinct from those of other business people? (2) To what extent are entrepreneurial cognitions universal? and (3) To what extent do entrepreneurial cognitions differ by national culture? These questions were investigated in an exploratory study using data collected from 990 respondents in eleven countries. We find, in answer to question one, that individuals who possess “professional entrepreneurial cognitions” do indeed have cognitions that are distinct from business non-entrepreneurs. In answer to question two, we report further confirmation of a universal culture of entrepreneurship. And in answer to question three, we find (a) observed differences on eight of the ten proposed cognition constructs, and (b) that the pattern of country representation within an empirically developed set of entrepreneurial archetypes does indeed differ among countries. Our results suggest increasing credibility for the cognitive explanation of entrepreneurial phenomena in the cross-cultural setting.

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Tedrus, Glória Maria Almeida Souza, Maria Lina Giacomino Almeida Passos, Letícia Muniz Vargas e Larissa Estela Ferreira Jacó Menezes. "Cognition and epilepsy: Cognitive screening test". Dementia & Neuropsychologia 14, n. 2 (giugno 2020): 186–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-57642020dn14-020013.

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ABSTRACT. Cognitive deficits often occur in people with epilepsy (PWE). However, in Brazil, PWE might not undergo neurocognitive evaluation due to the low number of validated tests available and lack of multidisciplinary teams in general epilepsy outpatient clinics. Objective: To correlate Brief Cognitive Battery-Edu (BCB-Edu) scores with epilepsy characteristics of 371 PWE. Methods: Clinical and cognitive assessment (MMSE, BCB-Edu) of 371 PWE aged >18 years was performed. The clinical aspects of epilepsy were correlated with BCB-Edu data. Cognitive data of PWE were compared against those of 95 healthy individuals (NC), with p-<0.05. Results: People with epilepsy had lower cognitive performance than individuals in the NC group. Cognitive aspects also differed according to epilepsy characteristics. Predictive factors for impairment in multiple cognitive domains were age and use of more than one antiepileptic drug (logistic regression; R2 Nagelkerke=0.135). Conclusion: Worse cognitive performance was found in PWE on different domains. There was a relationship between cognitive impairment and the aspects of epilepsy. BCB-Edu proved to be effective as a cognitive assessment screening test for epilepsy in adults.

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Wenjun, Xu, Lin Jiaru, Feng Zhiyong, Xu Wenbo e Zhang Ping. "Cognition flow in cognitive radio networks". China Communications 10, n. 10 (ottobre 2013): 74–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cc.2013.6650321.

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Blomberg, Olle. "Conceptions of Cognition for Cognitive Engineering". International Journal of Aviation Psychology 21, n. 1 (6 gennaio 2011): 85–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10508414.2011.537561.

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Pearce, Marcus, e Martin Rohrmeier. "Music Cognition and the Cognitive Sciences". Topics in Cognitive Science 4, n. 4 (ottobre 2012): 468–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-8765.2012.01226.x.

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Greenwood, John D. "Cognition, consciousness, and the cognitive revolution". Behavioral and Brain Sciences 32, n. 2 (aprile 2009): 209–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x09000971.

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AbstractIt is argued that the cognitive revolution provided general support for the view that associative learning requires cognitive processing, but only limited support for the view that it requires conscious processing. The point is illustrated by two studies of associative learning that played an important role in the development of the cognitive revolution, but which are surprisingly neglected by Mitchell et al. in the target article.

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Kalaramna, A., e S. Punia. "Association of Cognition with Cognitive Environment". Journal of Human Ecology 14, n. 4 (luglio 2003): 301–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09709274.2003.11905628.

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Gallese, Vittorio, e Maria Alessandra Umiltà. "Cognitive Continuity in Primate Social Cognition". Biological Theory 1, n. 1 (marzo 2006): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/biot.2006.1.1.25.

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Ross, Don. "Economics, cognitive science and social cognition". Cognitive Systems Research 9, n. 1-2 (marzo 2008): 125–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2007.06.010.

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Bickhard, Mark H. "On the Cognition in Cognitive Development". Developmental Review 19, n. 3 (settembre 1999): 369–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/drev.1999.0489.

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张, 亚南. "Cognitive Difference Model in Spatial Cognition". Advances in Psychology 12, n. 12 (2022): 4229–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/ap.2022.1212510.

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Gilhooly, K. J. "Book Review: Cognition and Cognitive Psychology". Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 39, n. 1 (febbraio 1987): 177–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724988743000097c.

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Simmons, Jane, Myra J. Cooper, Jonquil Drinkwater e Anne Stewart. "Cognitive Schemata in Depressed Adolescent Girls and Their Mothers". Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 34, n. 2 (9 febbraio 2006): 219–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465805002766.

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Schemata (and other cognitions) were investigated in depressed adolescent girls and their mothers and were compared to those in a control group. Links between adolescent and maternal cognitions were also examined. There were 14 girls and mothers in the clinical group and 15 in the control group. The depressed adolescents had higher total scores on a measure of schemata than the control adolescents, and higher scores on several of its sub-scales. They also scored more highly on two other measures of cognition (dysfunctional attitudes and negative automatic thoughts). The mothers of the depressed adolescents were more depressed than mothers of control adolescents. However, the two groups of mothers did not differ on the measures of cognition, including schemata. Depression and schemata in adolescents were related to these variables in their mothers but only in the depressed group. Possible explanations for the findings, including the nature of the link between mood and cognition in the groups studied, are considered. Implications for cognitive theory and therapy in depressed adolescents are briefly discussed.

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Sharma, Shabnam, Vinay Kumari, Jyoti Phougat e Jyoti Sarin. "Cognitive Rehabilitation Programme (CRP): An Effective Tool Against Mild Cognitive Impairment Among Elderly". Neurology India 72, n. 3 (maggio 2024): 561–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/neuroindia.ni_1436_20.

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Background: With a steady increase in life expectancy seen worldwide, age-associated cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment in old age are major public health challenges. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of the Cognitive Rehabilitation Program on cognition parameters in old age people with mild cognitive impairment. Materials and Methods: Design: This study was a quasi-experimental design using a non-equivalent control group pretest post-test design. Setting/Location: Mullana and Adhoya villages of Ambala, Haryana. Subjects: Eighty old age people with mild cognitive impairment. Intervention: The pre- and post-interventional cognition parameters were assessed using Addenbrooke’s cognitive examination on Day 1 and Day 29. The cognitive Rehabilitation Program was administered in the experimental group once a day for 28 days. Outcome Measures: Dependent variables were cognition parameters. Results and Conclusion: In the experimental group, a significant increase in cognition parameters score was observed from Day 1 (62.28 ± 6.23) to Day 29 (63.25 ± 5.10) after administration of the Cognitive Rehabilitation Program. In the comparison group, there was a non-significant decrease in cognition parameters score from Day 1 (56.73 ± 8.24) to Day 29 (55.85 ± 8.90). The post-implementation cognition parameters score of old age people in the experimental group (mean = 63.25) was significantly higher than in the comparison group (mean = 55.85). The mean gain in cognition scores was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the comparison group with a moderate effect size. It is concluded that the cognitive rehabilitation program is an effective tool in improving cognition parameters score among old age people with mild cognitive impairment.

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D, Ream, Suarez V e Tourgeman I. "A-135 The Interceding Effects of Social Cognition and “Cold” Cognition in Emotional Functioning Post-TBI." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 35, n. 6 (28 agosto 2020): 928. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa068.135.

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Abstract Objective This review examines studies that have identified both social and “cold” cognition in moderating emotional functioning as an outcome in individuals post-traumatic brain injury (TBI). Data Selection A systematic search of the literature was conducted using the keywords: social cognition, hot cognition, cognitive processes, emotions, emotional functioning, TBI, ABI, brain injury. The search included five databases: (1) EBSCOhost, (2) Google Scholar, (3) ScienceDaily, (4) PubMed, (5) World Health Organization. Inclusion criteria consisted of peer-reviewed articles published in English between 2013–2019 that utilized measures examining aspects of “cold cognition,” measures that investigated social cognition, and, outcome measures of emotional functioning in individuals who sustained a TBI. Data Synthesis A total number of 27 studies were identified through database searching with 16 papers selected. Three studies explained the function and implication of social cognition in individuals post-TBI. Additionally, 4 articles integrated statistical and demographic analyzes on individuals who suffered a TBI, and 9 studies exposed the relationship between “hot” and “cold” cognitions after sustaining a TBI. Conclusions Our results suggest that individuals with a TBI often exhibit difficulties in social cognition that is linked to changes in emotional functioning. Several studies pointed to the limbic system as an area influenced by both social and “cold” cognition regarding emotional output and experiences. Conversely, this system is often impacted in TBI. Other studies emphasized the relationship between attention and perception regarding one’s ability to adequately engage in empathy, emotional resonance, and sensitivity. Additionally, these studies outlined how impaired executive functioning influences empathy, attention, decision-making, and Theory of Mind.

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Saban, William, e Shai Gabay. "Contributions of Lower Structures to Higher Cognition: Towards a Dynamic Network Model". Journal of Intelligence 11, n. 6 (14 giugno 2023): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence11060121.

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Researchers often attribute higher cognition to the enlargement of cortical regions throughout evolution, reflecting the belief that humans sit at the top of the cognitive pyramid. Implicitly, this approach assumes that the subcortex is of secondary importance for higher-order cognition. While it is now recognized that subcortical regions can be involved in various cognitive domains, it remains unclear how they contribute to computations essential for higher-level cognitive processes such as endogenous attention and numerical cognition. Herein, we identify three models of subcortical–cortical relations in these cognitive processes: (i) subcortical regions are not involved in higher cognition; (ii) subcortical computations support elemental forms of higher cognition mainly in species without a developed cortex; and (iii) higher cognition depends on a whole-brain dynamic network, requiring integrated cortical and subcortical computations. Based on evolutionary theories and recent data, we propose the SEED hypothesis: the Subcortex is Essential for the Early Development of higher cognition. According to the five principles of the SEED hypothesis, subcortical computations are essential for the emergence of cognitive abilities that enable organisms to adapt to an ever-changing environment. We examine the implications of the SEED hypothesis from a multidisciplinary perspective to understand how the subcortex contributes to various forms of higher cognition.

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