Bibliografie tematiche / Coal Combustion

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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Coal Combustion"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 20 febbraio 2023

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Coal Combustion"

Mohd Samsuri, Muhamad Shazarizul Haziq, Hasril Hasini, Noor Akma Watie Mohd Noor e Meor Mohd Faisal Meor Zulkifli. "Temperature Profile Assessment of Sub-Bituminous Coal by Using a Single Burner Combustion Test Facility". Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 78, n. 1 (1 dicembre 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.78.1.110.

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This paper presents a thermogravimetric analysis and combustion test for different coals used in a coal-fired power plant in Malaysia. The main objective is to investigate the suitability of adopting a newly-introduced sub-bituminuous coal in an existing boiler furnace commonly firing standard design coals. In order to ensure that the new coal will not give an adverse effect to the boiler, detail analytical and thermal performance of the new coal is investigated, together with design and other limiting coals. The combustion test was performed in a scaled down, 150kW, single swirl burner combustion test facility available in TNB Research Sdn. Bhd. In the study, combustion gas temperature at different sectors downstream of burner region is measured to determine the peak temperature for all tested coals. Based on the investigation, it was noted that coal with the highest fixed carbon content gives the highest temperature measure at all sectors. Similarly, coal with the lowest fixed carbon gives the lowest temperature. The temperature profile for the newly tested coal was found to be comparable to the design and limiting value coals. Even though it was observed that the temperature given by the new coal is the highest slightly downstream of the burner, the temperature was observed to be decreases as combustion gas flow downstream of the combustor rig. Based on the observation it can be said that the new coal is suitable to be used by the existing boiler furnace.

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Ran, Jing Yu, Li Juan Liu, Chai Zuo Li e Li Zhang. "Numerical Study on Optimum Designing of the Air Distribution Structure of a New Cyclone Combustor". Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (ottobre 2011): 3005–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.3005.

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A new type of cyclone combustor is designed based on the traditional pulverized coal liquid slag combustor in this paper. According to the characteristics of swirl combustion and flow, numerical simulation of pulverized coal combustion in a new cyclone combustor has carried out using Realizable k-ε equation model with swirl modified to gas phase and stochastic trajectory model under Lagrange coordinate system to particle phase. Flows and combustion characteristics under different working conditions are mainly studied by changing the angles of primary and secondary air inlets, and then structural characteristics of the combustor are analyzed. Results show that structural characteristics of the primary and secondary air have great influence on internal flow and combustion characteristics of the combustor. When the pitch angle, the rotation angle of the secondary air and the expansion angle of the primary air respectively are 20°, 51° and 60°, the combustion efficiency of the combustor can reach up to 98.1% and it is conducive to high-temperature liquid slagging. It is also helpful to prevented pulverized coal depositing and accumulating near the wall and then plugging the combusting channel during the starting stage in low temperature region.

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Aich, Subhajit, Dibyajyoti Behera, Barun Kumar Nandi e Sumantra Bhattacharya. "Relationship between proximate analysis parameters and combustion behaviour of high ash Indian coal". International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 7, n. 4 (27 marzo 2020): 766–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40789-020-00312-5.

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AbstractThis work presents the analysis of combustion characteristics of high ash Indian coal (28%–40%) collected from different mines of Singaurali coalfield, India. All the coal samples were characterized by proximate and gross calorific value analysis. Combustion performance of the coals were characterised using thermo-gravimetric analysis to identify the burning profile of individual coals. Various combustion kinetic parameters such as ignition temperature, peak temperature and burnout temperature, ignition index and burnout index, combustion performance index plus rate and intensity index of combustion process, activation energy were determined to analyse the combustion behaviour of coal. Further all these combustion properties were compared with the volatile matter, ash, fixed carbon and fuel ratio of each coal. Theoretical analysis shows that with increase in ash content, combustion performance initially increases and later descends. Further, coal with (25 ± 1.75)% volatile matter, 20%–35% ash and fuel ratio 1.4–1.5 were found to be optimum for coal combustion.

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Yang, Shuang Ping, Jie Dong e Miao Wang. "Experiment on Combustion-Supporting Agent on PCI for Combustibility of Coal Powder". Materials Science Forum 658 (luglio 2010): 248–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.658.248.

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In order to improve the combustion effects of pulverized coal and replacement ratio of coals, the combustion- supporting mechanism, development and applications are analyzed and industry experiment are carried out based on the research of combustion- supporting agent without alkalis on coals combustion with TG- DTG- DSC ways. The results show that there is an optimum addition percent for coals combustion with combustion- supporting agent. The coal ratio and coke ratio are improved obviously with 1.7%combustion- supporting agent in LongGang.

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Murko, V. I., V. V. Bukhmirov, E. N. Bushuev, A. K. Dzhundubaev, M. S. Sultanaliev e E. N. Temlyantseva. "Technological assessment of processes of water-coal fuel combustion of brown coal of Kara-Keche deposit of Kyrgyz Republic". Vestnik IGEU, n. 5 (31 ottobre 2022): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17588/2072-2672.2022.5.012-017.

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Brown coals are valuable natural resource. Brown coals of the Kara-Keche deposit are most of all ready for industrial development in the Kyrgyz Republic. To solve the problems of effective development of brown coal of this deposit, it is necessary to study the issues of direct combustion of water-coal fuel (WCF) without thermal stabilization of the flame with additional sources of heat release. Experimental studies of WCF combustion have been conducted at the experimental industrial technological stand of Siberian State Industrial University, Novokuznetsk city. Structural-rheological and thermal characteristics of a pilot batch of brown coal of the Kara-Keche deposit, as well as data on the organization of efficient combustion of WCF, have been obtained. Brown coal of the Kara-Keche deposit meets the requirements of pipeline transportation and direct combustion in the furnaces of boilers of thermal power plants and boiler houses. The resulted water-coal fuel of brown coal is effectively burned in a vortex adiabatic furnace and the combustion process is like the combustion of WCF of hard coals of “G” type.

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Kazagic, Anes, Izet Smajevic e Neven Duic. "Selection of sustainable technologies for combustion of Bosnian coals". Thermal Science 14, n. 3 (2010): 715–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci1003715k.

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This paper deals with optimization of coal combustion conditions to support selection a sustainable combustion technology and an optimal furnace and boiler design. A methodology for optimization of coal combustion conditions is proposed and demonstrated on the example of Bosnian coals. The properties of Bosnian coals vary widely from one coal basin to the next, even between coal mines within the same basin. Very high percentage of ash (particularly in Bosnian brown coal) makes clear certain differences between Bosnian coal types and other world coal types, providing a strong argument for investigating specific problems related to the combustion of Bosnian coals, as well as ways to improve their combustion behavior. In this work, options of the referent energy system (boiler) with different process temperatures, corresponding to the different combustion technologies; pulverised fuel combustion (slag tap or dry bottom furnace) and fluidized bed combustion, are under consideration for the coals tested. Sustainability assessment, based on calculation economic and environment indicators, in combination with common low cost planning method, is used for the optimization. The total costs in the lifetime are presented by General index of total costs, calculated on the base of agglomeration of basic economic indicators and the economic indicators derived from environmental indicators. So, proposed methodology is based on identification of those combustion technologies and combustion conditions for coals tested for which the total costs in lifetime of the system under consideration are lowest, provided that all environmental issues of the energy system is fulfilled during the lifetime. Inputs for calculation of the sustainability indicators are provided by the measurements on an experimental furnace with possibility of infinite variation of process temperature, supported by good praxis from the power plants which use the fuels tested and by thermal calculations of the different options (different temperature in the boiler furnace) of the referent energy system.

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Bee´r, J. M., e R. V. Garland. "A Coal-Fueled Combustion Turbine Cogeneration System With Topping Combustion". Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 119, n. 1 (1 gennaio 1997): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2815567.

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Cogeneration systems fired with coal or other solid fuels and containing conventional extracting-condensing or back pressure steam turbines can be found throughout the world. A potentially more economical plant of higher output per unit thermal energy is presented that employs a pressurized fluidized bed (PFB) and coal carbonizer. The carbonizer produces a char that is fed to the PFB and a low heating value fuel gas that is utilized in a topping combustion system. The topping combustor provides the means for achieving state-of-the-art turbine inlet temperatures and is the main contributor to enhancing the plant performance. An alternative to this fully coal-fired system is the partially coal, partially natural gas-fired air heater topping combustion cycle. In this cycle compressed air is preheated in an atmospheric pressure coal-fired boiler and its temperature raised further by burning natural gas in a topping gas turbine combustor. The coal fired boiler also generates steam for use in a cogeneration combined cycle. The conceptual design of the combustion turbine is presented with special emphasis on the low-emissions multiannular swirl burner topping combustion system and its special requirements and features.

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Dudzińska, Agnieszka. "The Effect of Pore Volume of Hard Coals on Their Susceptibility to Spontaneous Combustion". Journal of Chemistry 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/393819.

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In this paper the results of the experimental studies on a relationship between pore volume of hard coals and their tendency to spontaneous combustion are presented. Pore volumes were determined by the gas adsorption method and spontaneous combustion tendencies of coals were evaluated by determination of the spontaneous combustion indexesSzaandSza′on the basis of the current Polish standards. An increase in the spontaneous combustion susceptibility of coal occurs in the case of the rise both in micropore volumes and in macropore surfaces. Porosity of coal strongly affects the possibility of oxygen diffusion into the micropores of coal located inside its porous structure. The volume of coal micropores determined on the basis of the carbon dioxide adsorption isotherms can serve as an indicator of a susceptibility of coal to spontaneous combustion.

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Mohd Noor, Noor Akma Watie, Hasril Hasini, Muhamad Shazarizul Haziq Mohd Samsuri e Meor Mohd Faisal Meor Zulkifli. "CFD Analysis on the Effects of Different Coal on Combustion Characteristics in Coal-fired Boiler". CFD Letters 12, n. 10 (1 novembre 2020): 128–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/cfdl.12.10.128138.

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Coal quality is essential for the optimum functioning of coal-fired power plants. One of the issues associated with coal quality deterioration is poor combustion behaviour which could result in ash deposition and environmental issues. This paper presents a CFD investigation of flow and combustion process in a full-scale furnace. Three different sub-bituminous coals with different properties were tested namely Coal A, B and C. The aim is to predict the combustion performance of these coals by observing its flow, temperature and species concentration inside the furnace. The exact boiler furnace geometry obtained from boiler operator was translated into CFD model with very little modification made for optimizing mesh. Grid dependency test carried out prior to the work shows the current mesh scheme is sufficient to accurately resolve the flow field. The results of the study show that combustion temperature for Coal B is the highest at approximately 1400°C. Coal C is predicted to give the highest velocity peak at certain regions of the furnace and interestingly enough, the same coal shows the shortest flame length and thus requiring additional flow to achieve the same penetration compared to other coals. Tracing of oxygen concentration inside the furnace show minimum oxygen left in the rear pass given by Coal A, indicating optimum combustion.

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Tulepov, Marat I., Larissa R. Sassykova, Dauren A. Baiseitov, Bibigul U. Rakhimova, Fedosya Y. Abdrakova, Galiya A. Spanova, Sestager Kh Aknazarov e Zhansaya Beksultan. "Synthesis and optimization of combustion of briquettes based on substandard brown coals of Kazakhstan deposits with multipolymer binders". Mediterranean Journal of Chemistry 10, n. 3 (27 marzo 2020): 302–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.13171/mjc02003271253ls.

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The work aimed to study the process of burning coal briquettes with polymers. As the object of the research, the coals of Kazakhstan deposits were applied. The methodology of the study included theoretical and computational studies on the applied significance of coal processing, analysis by physicochemical research methods, pressing, drying and briquetting of coal with binders. It is shown that the briquettes combustion takes place stepwise and is characterized by a stationary regime. This is due to the mutual influence of the stages of pyrolysis of polyolefins and combustion of coke residue of substandard coal. In the combustion zone, the temperature did not depend on the content of polyethylene and was 400–500ºC in the coal burnout zone. The optimal compositions of briquettes supporting the combustion temperature of 1300°С were determined: coal-40 %, clay-20 %, polyethylene-40 %. Adding up to 20% clay to the polymer and coal mixture led to the formation of a combustion wave structure with symmetric temperature profiles. Thermogravimetric analysis shows that polyethylene plays the role of the initiator of combustion, burning at 500ºC, and in the future does not affect the maintenance of the combustion temperature of the briquette. The perspective of the results obtained is the possibility of utilization of low-demand coals of various brands of Kazakhstan deposits, which are waste of coal mining and coal enrichment with further production of coal briquettes of the required quality. Coal briquettes made from substandard coals with a multi-polymer binder, from chemical production waste have a higher calorific value, are mechanically robust during prolonged storage, do not crumble in the furnace until complete combustion, and are waterproof. These advantages determine their use for the population, as well as for various purposes of industrial economy, metallurgy and chemical industry.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Coal Combustion"

Bend, Stephen Leonard. "Coal characterisation and combustion". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/361.

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There are three related studies within this thesis that examine the relationships between the properties of coals and the characteristics of the chars produced during rapid pyrolysis in a laboratory based Entrained Flow Reactor (EFR) which simulates the rapid rates of heating (104 to 105 °C s-1 ) typical of pulverised fuel boilers. The first study, using a suite of nine coals, investigates the influence of coal rank upon the generation of specific types of char, their respective physical and structural characteristics and their relative combustabilities. The second study, using a suite of twenty-two coals, examines various coal characterisation techniques and the correlations between those techniques and the associated char, and specifically investigates petrographic techniques as a means of characterising coal feedstock. The third study, using freshly mined coals, investigates the effects of oxidation (100°C, air) and weathering (ambient) upon standard analytical techniques and relates such changes to the physical, structural and combustion characteristics of the associated char. There is a common relationship between the elemental oxygen content of the parent coal and the generation of specific types of char for both vitrinite rich coals of differing coal rank and for the oxidised or weathered coals. There is also an inverse relationship (R 2 = 0.97) between the elemental oxygen content of a vitrinite rich coal and the proportion of cenospheres generated by pyrolysis at 1000°C using the EFR. Furthermore, the enhancement of char combustion at 1000°C (in an EFR) is related to the physical and structural characteristics of the char, i.e. the presence or absence of porosity (visible using SEM and TEM), the CO2 surface area and optical texture. A relationship exists (R2 = 0.83) between the morphology of a char (1000°C / N2) and the petrographic composition of the parent coal. The new term microlithotype, is an amalgamation of various vitrinite rich microlithotype classes that simplifies the nomenclature. A combination of calorific value, microlithotype, and coal rank (vitrinite reflectance) illustrates the influence of petrographic composition upon calorific value and also suggests a 'Province' dependency amongst the Cretaceous/Tertiary and Carboniferous coals studied. The coal properties calorific value, microlithotype, and coal rank can be related (R 2 = 0.91) to the proportion of porous chars for the Cretaceous/Tertiary suite of coals, illustrating the use of multivariate analyses when characterising coal feedstock. The effects of oxidation and weathering upon vitrinite fluorescence is also reported. The oxidation of coal at 100°C produces rims of quenched fluorescence which are not apparent within the weathered coals. Furthermore, the intensity of fluorescence at 650 nm (1650) decreases due to progressive oxidation or weathering, but decreases at a rate that is dependent upon the severity (temperature) of the conditions employed. The proposed oxidation quotient (0/Q = I65W%Romax) is a sensitive indicator of the oxidative conditions up to 100°C.

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Harding, Andrew W. "Environmental aspects of coal combustion". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360331.

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Pourkashanian, M. "The combustion of residual fuel oil, coal and coal slurries". Thesis, University of Leeds, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.380819.

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Cavallo, Marincola Fabrizio. "Large eddy simulation of coal combustion". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/34316.

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In this work an in-house code for large-eddy simulations of coal combustion is developed and tested, with a special focus on the issue of modelling radiative heat transfer effects inside a furnace. An Eulerian-Lagrangian approach is used to describe the continuous gas phase and the discrete particle phase, with a two-way coupling between the two phases (implemented by another group member). The radiative transfer equation is solved using the discrete ordinates method, testing several different angular and spatial discretisation schemes. The spectral properties of the participating media are approximated with different grey gas models of varying complexity and accuracy. The accuracy of the radiative solver is initially assessed on simple idealised static cases in both two- and three-dimensions, and validated against benchmark data found in literature. The code is then integrated, parallelised and optimised with the LES flow and combustion solver, and used to simulate a large 2.4 MW coal combustion furnace. The results of the simulations are compared quantitatively against experimental data in terms of velocity, temperature, species distribution and solid particle analysis, showing a good agreement overall. A parametric study is then also performed on the variables and parameters of the radiation solver, showing great sensitivity on the outcome of the simulations in certain cases, further highlighting the importance of accurate radiation modelling for closed coal combustion furnaces.

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Hosin, Alyass Azzat. "Fiber reinforced coal combustion products concrete /". Available to subscribers only, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1342743231&sid=11&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Megalos, Nikolaos Pandelis. "Coal combustion in precessing jet flames /". Title page, table of contents and summary only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm496.pdf.

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Le, Manquais Katherine. "Combustion enhancing additives for coal firing". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.582090.

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Opportunities exist for effective coal combustion additives that can reduce the carbon content of pulverised fuel ash to below 6%, thereby improving the efficiency of low NOx burners and making the ash saleable for filler/building material applications. However, catalytic performance under pulverised fuel boiler conditions has received relatively little consideration. For the first time, the research set out in this thesis systematically compares the reactivity of catalysed and uncatalysed bituminous coal samples during combustion in a drop tube furnace (DTF) and a thermogravimetric analyser (TGA). All of the inorganic compounds investigated were accordingly found to increase the rate of TGA char oxidation, with certain transition metal halides proving to be extremely successful additives. But these trends did not always translate into analogous carbon burnout improvements on th~ medium-scale DTF. This was due to the inherent variability associated with this experimental setup, the use of physical mixtures for catalyst dispersion and the intrinsic volatility of some of the tested salts. Furthermore several very effective additives on the TGA, the copper halides, seemingly deactivated under the conditions experienced in the DTF, reducing the attained carbon burnouts to levels below those observed with the uncatalysed coal fractions. Complex interactions were subsequently discovered between copper (I) bromide and the coal's mineral matter, implying that a copper-iron association could have been behind this behaviour. In contrast, the thermally labile iron halides were found to be exceptional additives for enhancing DTF carbon burnout, even at temperatures above their predicted boiling points in what could have previously been assumed to be a completely mass transfer controlled reaction regime. The combustion improvements associated with the introduction of iron (Ill) bromide were thus rigorously established and then related to the retention of the additive's cation, as indicated by SEM/EDX and ICP-MS.

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Munir, Shahid. "Co-combustion of biomass with coal". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531610.

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Hirji, Karim Ahmedali Abdulla. "Combustion measurements in pulverised coal flames". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/38035.

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Messig, Danny. "Numerical simulation of pulverized coal combustion". Doctoral thesis, Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:105-qucosa-228707.

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Die Arbeit befasst sich mit der Flamelet Modellierung für die Verbrennung von Kohlenstaub. Dabei liegt der Fokus sowohl auf der detaillierten Betrachtung der Gasphasenchemie als auch auf der Interaktion der Kohle mit der Gasphase. Ziel der Arbeit ist die Entwicklung einer Methode für die Simulation großtechnischer Kohlestaubfeuerungen. Die energetische Umsetzung von Kohle läuft in drei wesentlichen Schritten ab: Verdampfung der Feuchtigkeit, Ausgasung der Kohle (Pyrolyse) und schließlich der Koksabbrand. Da die Struktur der Kohle als fossiler Brennstoff hoch komplex ist, existieren viele prädiktive, rechenaufwändige Modelle zur Beschreibung dieser Prozesse [1–4]. Diese Modelle können nicht direkt in numerischen Strömungssimulationen genutzt werden, dienen aber zur Kalibrierung einfacherer kinetischer Modelle. Diese in der Arbeit angewendete Prozedur wird in [5] beschrieben. Zur detaillierten Beschreibung des Abbaus der entstehenden höheren Kohlenwasserstoffe werden in der Simulation große Reaktionsmechanismen benötigt. Die Benutzung solcher Mechanismen ist mit großen Rechenzeiten verbunden und daher bleibt deren Anwendbarkeit auf einfache Anwendungsfälle beschränkt. Der Vorteil der Flamelet Modellierung besteht darin, dass unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen der komplette thermo-chemische Zustand, bestehend aus Temperatur, Druck und Zusammensetzung, mit nur wenigen charakterisierenden Kontrollvariablen abgebildet werden kann. Durch Vorgabe und Variation der Kontrollvariablen können diese Zustände mittels kanonischer Flammenkonfigurationen vorberechnet und in sogenannten Flamelettabellen abgespeichert werden. Für das klassische Flamelet / Fortschrittsvariablen Modell [6] wird der thermo-chemische Zustand über Mischungsbruch und Fortschrittsvariablen parametriert, dabei bestimmt der Mischungsbruch den Anteil an Brenn- stoff im Gemisch und die Fortschrittsvariable den Fortschritt der chemischen Reaktion. Die Kontrollvariablen werden in der numerischen Simulation transportiert, an Stelle der Energie- und Speziesgleichungen. Dies stellt für große Mechanismen eine dramatische Reduktion der zu lösenden Gleichungen dar. Der thermo-chemische Zustand ergibt sich per Look-up aus den Flamelettabellen. Im Zuge der Verbrennung trockener Kohle werden zwei Brennstoffe durch Pyrolyse und Koksabbrand freigesetzt. Für die Flamelet Modellierung bedeutet dies entsprechend je einen Mischungsbruch für Pyrolysegas und Produkte aus dem Koksabbrand. Neben der Fortschrittsvariablen wird ebenfalls die Enthalpie der Gasphase als Kontrollvariable benötigt aufgrund des intensiven Wärmeaustauschs zwischen Kohle und Gasphase. In der Arbeit erfolgt die Vorstellung der benötigten Transportgleichungen sowie die Beschreibung verschiedener Methoden zur Integration nicht-adiabater Zustände in Flamelettabellen. Dabei unterscheiden sich die vorgestellten Tabellierungstrategien hauptsächlich in der betrachteten Verbrennungsart. IV Erfolgt die Mischung von Brennstoff und Oxidationsmittel erst in der untersuchten Flammenkonfiguration, spricht man von Diffusionsflammenstrukturen; sind beide schon gemischt, so entstehen Vormischflammenstrukturen. Die Detektion solcher Strukturen erfolgt in der Arbeit anhand einer Flammenstrukturanalyse mittels Flammenmarker. Die prinzipielle Übertragbarkeit des Flamelet / Fortschrittsvariablen Modells auf turbulente Kohlestaubfeuerung wurde von Watanabe [7] gezeigt, jedoch ist die Bewertung der eingesetzten Flamelet Modellierung in Grobstruktursimulationen nicht ohne weiteres möglich. Deshalb werden zur Verifizierung der entwickelten Tabellierungstrategie in der Arbeit einfache Flammenkonfigurationen betrachtet, die es erlauben, direkte Chemielösungen mit den Lösungen der tabellierten Chemie zu vergleichen. Für den entsprechenden Vergleich erfolgt die Vorstellung zweier Analysen. Bei der a priori Analyse wird der thermo-chemische Zustand der detaillierten Lösung mit dem tabellierten Zustand verglichen. Für den Look-up werden dabei die Kontrollvariablen der direkten Chemiesimulation benutzt. Die a posteriori Analyse ist der Vergleich einer voll gekoppelten Rechnung unter Benutzung der Tabellierungstrategie mit der zugehörigen detaillierten Rechnung. Die erste untersuchte Konfiguration stellt eine Gegenstromanordnung mit vorgewärmter Luft und Kohlebeladung dar. Die Hauptergebnisse dieser rein numerischen Studie wurden bereits veröffentlicht [8] und es konnte die erfolgreiche Applikation der vorgestellten Tabellierungstrategie in dieser Anordnung für Tabellen basierend auf Diffusionflammenstrukturen gezeigt werden. Für die Validierung der detaillierten Rechnungen erfolgt die Nutzung experimenteller Daten [9, 10] für magere Methan-Sauerstoff-Stickstoff Mischungen in Staupunktströmungen. Es zeigt sich, dass diese Konfigurationen stark von den vorgemischten Gasflammen dominiert werden und somit Tabellen basierend auf Vormischflammenstrukturen einzusetzen sind. Die entwickelte Tabellierungsmethode ist in der Lage, auch diese Flammenstrukturen abzubilden. Abschließend wird numerisch eine Parametervariation hinsichtlich Einlassgeschwindigkeit und Kohlebeladung vorgestellt, um die Robustheit und breite Anwendbarkeit der entwickelten Tabellierungstrategie aufzuzeigen. Zusammenfassend konnte mittels Flammenstrukturanalyse für jede vorgestellte Konfiguration der zu verwendende Typ der Tabelle bestimmt werden. In den untersuchten Konfigurationen führte deren Anwendung zu einer guten Übereinstimmung mit den detaillierten Rechnungen. Damit legt diese Arbeit den Grundstein für weiterführende Betrachtung zur Simulation großtechnischer Kohlestaubfeuerungen.

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Più fonti

Libri sul tema "Coal Combustion"

Coal combustion. Malabar, Fla: Krieger Pub. Co., 1994.

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T, Grace Christopher, a cura di. Coal combustion research. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2009.

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Takatoshi, Miura, a cura di. Advanced coal combustion. Huntington, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2001.

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Morrison, G. F. Understanding pulverised coal combustion. London: IEA Coal Research, 1986.

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1951-, Smith Philip J., a cura di. Coal combustion and gasification. New York: Plenum Press, 1985.

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Smoot, L. Douglas, e Philip J. Smith. Coal Combustion and Gasification. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9721-3.

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Wang, Xinyang. Spontaneous Combustion of Coal. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33691-2.

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Coal combustion and conversion technology. New York: Elsevier, 1986.

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J, Anthony E., a cura di. Fluidized bed combustion. New York: M. Dekker, 2004.

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1955-, Pourkashanian M., e Jones J. M. 1964-, a cura di. Combustion and gasification of coal. New York: Taylor & Francis, 2000.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Coal Combustion"

Yue, Guangxi, Junfu Lv e Hairui Yang. "COAL COMBUSTION". In Multiphase Reactor Engineering for Clean and Low-Carbon Energy Applications, 49–64. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119251101.ch2.

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Xie, Ke-Chang. "Coal Combustion". In Structure and Reactivity of Coal, 269–304. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-47337-5_7.

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Glikson-Simpson, Miryam. "Spontaneous Combustion of Coal". In Coal—A Window to Past Climate and Vegetation, 113–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44472-3_4.

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Baláž, Matej. "Coal Combustion Fly Ash". In Environmental Mechanochemistry, 177–230. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75224-8_6.

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Minchener, Andrew. "Coal and Clean Coal Technology: Challenges and Opportunities". In Cleaner Combustion and Sustainable World, 3–10. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30445-3_1.

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Smoot, L. Douglas, e Philip J. Smith. "Modeling of Coal Processes". In Coal Combustion and Gasification, 163–210. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9721-3_7.

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Jüntgen, Harald. "Coal Characterization in Relation to Coal Combustion". In Fundamentals of the Physical-Chemistry of Pulverized Coal Combustion, 4–58. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3661-4_1.

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Smoot, L. Douglas, e Philip J. Smith. "Introduction". In Coal Combustion and Gasification, 1–6. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9721-3_1.

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Smoot, L. Douglas, e Philip J. Smith. "Turbulence". In Coal Combustion and Gasification, 245–65. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9721-3_10.

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Smoot, L. Douglas, e Philip J. Smith. "Chemistry and Turbulence of Gaseous Fuels". In Coal Combustion and Gasification, 267–98. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9721-3_11.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Coal Combustion"

Takuwa, Tsuyoshi, e Ichiro Naruse. "Effect of Mineral Matters in Coal on Formation Behaviors of Particulate Matter and Alkali Metal Compounds During Coal Combustion". In 18th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2005-78039.

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Combustion tests for 2 types of coal (SC and BT coals), which have similar combustion performance and main fraction in the ash compositions, were conducted, using an electrically heated drop tube furnace. The burning particles were sampled by the Low Pressure Impactor (LPI) and analyzed concentration of alkali metal in the collected particles. Furthermore, they were observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to discuss formation behaviors of the fine particles during combustion. In order to elucidate the relationship between formation characteristics of fine particulates during combustion and coal types, analysis of included and excluded mineral particles in the raw coals was conducted by a Computer Controlled SEM (CCSEM). Additionally, the composition analysis of the mineral particles in the raw coal was also carried out, using an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS). As a result, the particle size distribution of ash particulates formed was different each other for two types of coal. Especially for the fine particulates with the size of less than 1 μm, the result for SC coal showed much more fine particulates formation than those for BT coal. Sodium compounds were enriched in the fine particulates for both the coals. Shapes of the fine particles with the size less than 1 μm for both the coals were spherical. For the coarse particles, however, spherical particles were observed for only SC coal. This difference was due to difference of the characteristics of mineral particles in the raw coals. The CCSEM analysis indicated that the excluded mineral matters, which tended to fragment during combustion, were contained more in SC coal than those in BT coal. This is the reason why SC coal forms more fine particulates during combustion than BT coal. From the EDS analysis, moreover, content of sodium in the excluded minerals of SC coal was higher than that of BT coal. This result suggests that SC coal tends to form the spherical fine particulates, in which the sodium compounds are enriched, during combustion.

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Saifujjaman, Md, Kwangkook Jeong e Shinku Lee. "Modeling for Mineral Redistribution of Coal Blending During Pulverized Coal Combustion". In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-87834.

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This paper represents an analytical model for predicting mineral particle redistribution of coal blending during pulverized coal (PC) combustion in a pulverized coal-fired boiler. The objective of this research is to develop a computer program to perform the mass balance of total minerals after transformation during combustion. A MATLAB code was developed for coal blending mineral redistribution from single coal mineral redistribution in modular approach based on relative Hardgrove Grindability Index (HGI) of coals. The calculations of the single coal number of ash particles before and after combustion both for excluded and included minerals from the single coal proximate analysis, Malvern analysis, Computer Controlled Scanning Electron Microscopy (CCSEM) analysis, density and composition analysis were designed in a submodule. Utilizing single coal sub-module, the calculations of coal blending number of ash particles before and after combustion both for excluded and included minerals were designed in a module of MATLAB code. The blending modeling was designed to blend up to five sub-bituminous coals. Calculations were made for typical boiler combustion conditions ranging from 1,500K to 2,500K as flame temperature. The organically-associated ash content or mineral grains of each coal smaller than 1 micrometer was not included in the calculation of redistribution modeling. Coal particle fragmentation of blended coal was considered as same as single coal and size dependent phenomena. Partial coalescence model was assumed as more likely to occur. Blended coal was assumed to follow additive rule applied to mineral mass percentage based on sizes and mineral phase regardless grinding of coals separately or after blending if the HGI difference between highest and lowest HGI of coals arranged in ascending order stands within five. The modeling was demonstrated for KPU: AVRA and AVRA: Solntsevsky with specific blending ratio 80:20 and 20:80 respectively. The model for blended coal was validated by the mass balance of minerals before and after combustion. The resulting simplified particle size distribution of mass fraction of KPU: AVRA shows good agreement with experimental results of Kentucky #9 coal because of having a larger amount of included minerals of KPU coal. The model for blended coal mineral redistribution before and after combustion will be developed for the HGI difference between highest and lowest HGI of coals arranged in ascending order becomes greater than five and validated by minerals mass balance before and after combustion. This modeling will be used to predict number of mineral particles and its sizes that is a key parameter as to predict the problems like fouling and slagging and the related reduction of boiler efficiency. The results from this study will be further carried out to investigate ash deposition rates in post-boiler heat exchangers.

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Chernetsky, M. J., e A. A. Dekterev. "Development and Validation of a Coal Combustion Model for Pulverised Coal Combustion". In 2010 14th International Heat Transfer Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ihtc14-22566.

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To fully understand the processes of heat-and-mass transfer on the laboratory-scale and full-scale coal boilers, computer models are needed to develop, which can predict flow fields, heat transfer and the combustion of the coal particles with reasonable accuracy. In the work reported here, a comprehensive model for pulverized coal combustion has been presented. Attention has been given to the char burnout submodel, NOx formation sub-model and accurate calculation of the temperature of the particles. The model predictions have been compared with the experimental measurements of the laboratory-scale pulverized-coal combustion burner.

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Wenglarz, Richard A. "Direct Coal-Fueled Combustion Turbines". In ASME 1987 International Gas Turbine Conference and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/87-gt-269.

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Technology requirements for direct coal-fueled turbine systems are discussed. Combustion, emissions, and turbine life considerations are emphasized. Compact, short residence time combustors must provide acceptable combustion efficiencies and emissions using the coal fuels. The turbine flow path exposed to the products of combustion (POC) from those combustors must achieve acceptable deposition, erosion, and corrosion (DEC) lifetimes. Initial combustion and POC requirements are reviewed based on past experience and the results of a recent program to evaluate combustion, emissions, and DEC from a subscale turbine combustor.

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Manovic, Vasilije, e Borislav Grubor. "An Improved Model of Sulfur Self-Retention by Coal Ash During Coal Combustion in FBC". In 18th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2005-78020.

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During combustion of coal a significant amount of sulfur may be retained in ash due to the reactions between mineral matter in coal and sulfur oxides. This process is known as sulfur self-retention and its significance lies in the fact that a part of sulfur oxides, one of the main pollutants during combustion of coal, is not released in the atmosphere. Sulfur self-retention is influenced by parameters that depend on coal characteristics and combustion conditions. The interest for this process was enhanced with the introduction of fluidized bed combustion (FBC) technology since the temperatures and other conditions are favorable for sulfur self-retention. Investigation of this process, primarily modeling, is the subject of this work. The presented model is based on the previously developed model for the combustion of porous char particles under FBC conditions, along with a changing grain size model of sulfation of the CaO grains dispersed throughout the char particle volume. Incorporating the phenomena of sintering, reduction of the produced CaSO4 with CO, thermal decomposition of the produced CaSO4, as well as allowing for the different reactivity of various forms of calcium make major improvements of the model. A temperature dependent relation for the CaO grain radius takes sintering into account. Reductive and thermal decomposition were taken into account by the corresponding reaction rate constants of the Arrhenius type. The reactivity of the calcium forms in coal was considered by different initial radius of the CaO grains. The model was verified by the experimental results of sulfur self-retention of three Serbian coals during combustion in a fluidized bed combustion reactor. The comparison with the experimentally obtained results showed that the model can adequately predict the levels of the obtained values of sulfur self-retention efficiencies, as well as the influence of temperature, coal type and coal particle size.

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Hossfeld, Roderick J., David A. Craig e Roger A. Barnum. "What You Need to Know to Reliably Handle Waste Coal". In 17th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2003-155.

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Many power producers have been designing for, or switching to waste coal. A major consideration when dealing with waste coal is the design of the fuel handling system. Since waste coal is typically finer and more cohesive and therefore harder to handle in silos, bunkers, chutes and feeders, design of the handling system for reliable, non-stagnant flow is essential. This paper describes a systematic approach to designing and retrofitting handling systems to avoid bulk solids flow problems. Potential trouble areas such as coal hoppers, silos, bunkers, and transfer chutes are discussed. Mass flow and funnel flow patterns that develop in silos and bunkers are presented. Funnel flow results in large stagnant regions, which are a major problem for coals that combust easily and are prone to problems such as arching and ratholing. Mass flow patterns, which eliminate the stagnant coal regions, are also explained. Coal properties and bunker designs that result in mass flow and funnel flow are described. Transfer chute design techniques to avoid pluggages, reduce dusting, and minimize chute wear are discussed. The Panther Creek Energy facility in Nesquehoning, Pennsylvania is used as an example where solids flow handling methodologies were used to solve handling problems with anthracite culm. The modifications presented were required for reliable, stagnant-free coal flow, which prevented belt slippage and high belt loading on gravimetric feeders.

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Namkhainyam, Busjav, e Namsraijav Oyuntsetseg. "Increasing efficiency of coal combustion". In 2012 7th International Forum on Strategic Technology (IFOST). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ifost.2012.6357693.

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Raj, S. "Coal Oxidation". In ASME 1988 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/88-gt-238.

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Coals contain considerable amounts of oxygen in their structures ranging from 30% in brown coal to about 1.5% in anthracites. The distribution of coal oxygen in various functionalities changes drastically with increasing rank. The hetero-atom functionalities in coal and coal products are of importance in the processing of coal. The process of coal conversion relevant to the steam and gas turbine applications are pyrolysis, oxidation and combustion processes. Initial stages of pyrolysis and oxidation (combustion) are the thermal decomposition of the solid coal matrix to free radicals. Oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen and mineral containing free radicals play an important role during combustion thermodynamically. The differences between the coal functionalities in the solid coal matrix contribute to oxidation reactions of first and second order. The first and second order reactions affect the corrosion and deposition rates of the machine components differently. In this paper functionality differences of various coals with respect to their oxidation characteristics will be discussed.

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Zhou, Hongcang, Baosheng Jin, Zhaoping Zhong, Rui Xiao e Yaji Huang. "Profiles and TEQ Concentrations of PAHs Emission From Fluidized Bed Coal Gasification". In 18th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2005-78007.

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More growing particular attentions are being paid to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) generated from coal gasification due to their high mutagenic and carcinogenic. Fluidized bed air and steam gasification of three different rank coals were studied in a bench-scale atmospheric fluidized bed test facility. An extraction and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique was used to analyze the concentrations of the 16 PAHs specified by US EPA in raw coal, slag, bag house char, cyclone char and fuel gas. The profiles and TEQ concentrations of PAHs emission from fluidized bed coal gasification were discussed. The results indicated that there were mainly three- and four-ringed PAHs in raw coal and fuel gas, but the total PAHs in bag house char and cyclone char were dominated by three-, four- and five-ringed PAHs. The concentrations of three-ringed PAHs in fuel gas were higher than those of four-ringed PAHs, but a reverse phenomenon occurred in bag house char and cyclone char. No PAHs were measured in slag during coal gasification. The total TEQ concentration of five-ringed PAHs mainly dominated in raw coal, fuel gas, bag house char, and cyclone char, and their percentages were about 75–96% by weight. Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) was the main contributor of TEQ concentration in raw coal and gasified products. In addition, the concentration of PAHs in raw coal increased with the rise of coal rank, and there was not an obvious variation about the concentration of PAHs in gasified products.

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Wang, Zhiwei. "Experimental Research and Analysis on Self-Desulfuration Efficiency of Coal in Circulating Fluidized Combustor". In 17th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2003-029.

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The SO2 emission is less than the theoretical value without additional limestone put in a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) combustor because of the self-desulfurization ability of calcium-based minerals in coal ash. The modeling and experiment on limestone sulfur retention should consider the self-desulfurization of coal ash. The self-desulfurization performance of some coal (18 kinds of coal) are researched and analyzed by the 1MWth CFB combustor in order to evaluate the limestone desulfurization performance. The experimental results show that the self-desulfurization efficiency decreases with the temperature increasing. The self-desulfurization difference exits between different types of coal and has effect on the sulfur retention with additional limestone. Through the experimental result of 18 coals, simple equations of the self-desulfurization efficiency based on the total sulfur and the combustible sulfur are proposed. The self-desulfurization efficiency based on the combustible sulfur is between 40–40%. For high incombustible sulfur fraction in coal, the self-desulfurization efficiency and the sulfur retention of limestone is very high.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Coal Combustion"

Daw, C. S. Coal combustion research. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), giugno 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/450782.

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Hardesty, D. Coal combustion science. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), ottobre 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5461829.

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Baxter, L. L., T. H. Fletcher e R. E. Mitchell. Coal combustion science. A cura di D. R. Hardesty. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), novembre 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6370074.

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Fletcher, T. H., R. H. Hurt e L. L. Baxter. Coal Combustion Science. A cura di D. R. Hardesty. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), agosto 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6375418.

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Hickmott, D. D., L. F. Brown e R. P. Currier. Environmentally conscious coal combustion. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), agosto 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/516052.

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Wendt, J., E. Eddings, J. Lighty, T. Ring, P. Smith, J. Thornock, W. Morris Y Jia et al. Oxy-coal Combustion Studies. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), gennaio 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1045472.

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Baxter, L. L. Coal char fragmentation during pulverized coal combustion. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), luglio 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/86903.

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Gat, N., M. F. Wolff e M. B. Petach. Kinetics of coal combustion: Part 2, Mechanisms and kinetics of coal volatiles combustion. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), dicembre 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5279274.

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Tarunjit S. Butalia e William E. Wolfe. Coal Combustion Products Extension Program. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), dicembre 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/892558.

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Tarunjit S. Butalia e William E. Wolfe. Coal Combustion Products Extension Program. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), settembre 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/892559.

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