Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Co-Cropping"
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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Co-Cropping"
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Wang, Sifan, Yong Liu, Khalil Kariman, et al. "Co-Cropping Indian Mustard and Silage Maize for Phytoremediation of a Cadmium-Contaminated Acid Paddy Soil Amended with Peat." Toxics 9, no. 5 (2021): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics9050091.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Co-cropping is an eco-friendly strategy to improve the phytoremediation capacity of plants growing in soils contaminated with heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd). This study was conducted to investigate the effects of co-cropping Indian mustard (Brassicajuncea) and silage maize (Zeamays) and applying peat on the phytoremediation of a Cd-contaminated acid paddy soil via characterizing plant growth and Cd uptake in pot experiments. There were six planting patterns (Control: no plants; MI-2 and MI-4: mono-cropping of Indian mustard at low and high densities, respectively; MS: mono-cropping of silage maize; CIS-2 and CIS-4: co-cropping of Indian mustard at low and high densities with silage maize, respectively) and two application rates of peat (NP: 0; WP: 30 g kg−1). When Indian mustard and silage maize were co-cropped, the shoot biomass of Indian mustard plants per pot was significantly (p < 0.05) lower than that obtained in the mono-cropping systems, with a substantial reduction (55–72%) in the same plant density group. The shoot biomass of silage maize plants in the mono-cropping systems did not differ significantly from that in the co-cropping systems regardless of the density of Indian mustard. The growth-promoting effect of the peat application was more pronounced in Indian mustard than silage maize. Under the low density of Indian mustard, the co-cropping systems significantly (p < 0.05) decreased Cd uptake by silage maize. Additionally, soil amendment with peat significantly (p < 0.05) increased shoot Cd removal rate and Cd translocation factor value in the co-cropping systems. Taken together, the results demonstrated that silage maize should be co-cropped with Indian mustard at an appropriate density in Cd-polluted soils to achieve simultaneous remediation of Cd-contaminated soils (via Indian mustard) and production of crops (here, silage maize). Peat application was shown to promote the removal of Cd from soil and translocation of Cd into shoots and could contribute to enhanced phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated acid paddy soil.
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Li, Qi, Yanxin Tang, Dubin Dong, et al. "Remediation of Pb-, Zn-, Cu-, and Cd-Contaminated Soil in a Lead–Zinc Mining Area by Co-Cropping Ilex cornuta and Epipremnum aureum with Illite Application." Agriculture 14, no. 6 (2024): 867. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14060867.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Phytoremediation is considered an effective strategy for remediation of heavy-metal-contaminated soil in mining areas. However, single-species plants cannot reach the highest potential for uptake of heavy metals due to inhibition of their growth by high concentrations of heavy metals in the soil. Therefore, this study has explored the effects of illite application and two plant species’ co-cropping on soil quality, plant growth, and heavy metal transformation in a soil–plant system. The results reveal that the addition of 1% (mass fraction) of illite significantly enhances soil pH. The co-cropping of Ilex cornuta and Epipremnum aureum is beneficial for improving the organic matter content of the soil. The contents of EDTA-extractable Pb, Zn, and Cu were significantly reduced by 29.8–32.5%, 1.85–5.72%, and 30.0–32.9%, respectively, compared to the control. The co-cropping of Ilex cornuta and Epipremnum aureum promoted enrichment effects of Epipremnum aureum on Pb and Ilex cornuta on Cd (p < 0.05). The co-cropping pattern lowered the biomass of Ilex cornuta and Epipremnum aureum; however, co-cropping of Ilex cornuta and Epipremnum aureum promoted the elimination of Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd from the soil at 13.0–75.8%, 11.1–38.2%, 8.39–88.4%, and 27.8–72.5%, respectively. It is concluded that illite application combined with co-cropping of Ilex cornuta and Epipremnum aureum is highly effective for the elimination of Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd from contaminated soil. This study provides a theoretical basis and pathway for the restoration of heavy-metal-contaminated soil in mining with the application of bentonite combined with phytoremediation.
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Berkovich, Yu А., А. М. Beliak, М. R. Bagretsova, D. V. Korshunov, L. I. Savostianova, and S. О. Smolianina. "MEANS TO INCREASE EFFICIENCY OF ARTIFICIAL SOIL USED FOR ROOT CROPS CULTIVATION IN A SPACE GREENHOUSE." Aerospace and Environmental Medicine 57, no. 4 (2023): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-4-97-105.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The most promising method of root supply in space greenhouses (SG) operating in microgravity is porous membranes together with a capillary-porous salt-saturated artificial soil (AS). AS is a critical consumable that cannot be recycled in space missions. One of the options for increasing the specific harvest of cultures with extended period of commercial vegetation, carrot as an example, can co-cropping with fast-growing greens at the beginning of cultivation. Purpose of this work is experimental testing a technology of co-cropping carrot and leaf vegetables to see whether it will and better the AS efficiency. In a series of 3 experiments carrots were cultivated under a lighting unit with red and white LEDs (PFD in the range of 300 to 600 µmol(m2•s) in root modules stuffed with granular or fiber AS. Co-cultures were lettuce, Japanese turnip and basil. It was demonstrated that PFD at 450 – 550 µmol(m2•s) and water potential in the root zone at [(–0.5) – (–0.8) kPa] are favorable to the carrot and lie within the ranges recommended for cultivation of leaf vegetables in space greenhouses. No negative allelopathic effect was noted during carrot co-cropping with lettuce or Japanese turnip. Carrot cultivation with the Japanese turnip saved the specific, per a crop biomass unit, energy expenditure for lighting. Co-cropping with the Japanese turnip reduced the specific AS expenditure about 4 times; co-cropping with the lettuce reduced AS expenditure in 2.5 times.
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Jiang, Cheng-Ai, Qi-Tang Wu, Romain Goudon, Guillaume Echevarria, and Jean-Louis Morel. "Biomass and metal yield of co-cropped Alyssum murale and Lupinus albus." Australian Journal of Botany 63, no. 2 (2015): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt14261.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Combining crops is a potential option to gain more value from ultramafic soils. This work was designed to investigate the co-cropping of a legume, Lupinus albus, and a Ni-hyperaccumulator, Alyssum murale Waldst. & Kit, and determine whether growth and metal uptake would be altered by a companion plant. A pot experiment was conducted in a growth chamber in two serpentine topsoils that were low in P but differed in Ni and Mn concentrations. The soils were a Magnesic Eutric Cambisol (S1) and a Hypermagnesic Hypereutric Cambisol (S2). Pots were split into two compartments along the diagonal by a double-layer nylon mesh, and the space between the meshes was filled with same soil. Each plant was either mono-cropped (sown on both compartments) or co-cropped (one species per compartment). For all combinations, two treatments were prepared: one with no P fertilisation and the other with P addition. L. albus and A. murale plants were grown for 45 and 57 days respectively. Results showed that both plants responded positively to P fertilisation. In co-cropping systems on non-P treatments, L. albus accounted for the majority of the total biomass (higher than 90%), whereas with P addition the contribution of A. murale reached almost 40%. P fertilisation provoked an increase in Ni concentration in A. murale (S1), or no change (S2). Co-cropping significantly reduced Ni concentration in shoots of A. murale and total Ni exportation was slightly lower than when plants were grown individually. L. albus accumulated high concentrations of Mn and co-cropping and P deficiency increased Mn uptake. In this co-cropping system L. albus and A. murale interacted positively, and this association is a feasible means to increase the productivity of phytomining on serpentine soils provided appropriate fertilisation is supplied.
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Vellaisamy, Ramamoorthy, Sindhu S, Theradimani M, Samundeeswari S, Sobanbabu G, and Renuka R. "Cropping duration and non-rhizomorphic mycelial phenotype of Pleurotus djamor woody1 co-segregate in the hybrid progenies." Journal of Horticultural Sciences 17, no. 1 (2022): 220–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v17i1.1129.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Crop duration of the cultivated Pleurotus spp. is 45 to 50 days. P. djamor isolate woody-1 was collected as natural selection and was found to be short cropping duration variety with total cropping duration of 30 days but it is less palatable. It produced very thin, loose and non-rhizomorphic mycelia appearing light white color. Whereas, other commercial Pleurotus varieties such as P. florida and P. djamor MDU1 are long crop duration varieties and palatable producing thick, compact and rhizomorphic mycelia with bright white color. Co-segregation of non-rhizomorphic mycelial phenotype and short cropping duration trait of P. djamor woody- 1 in hybrid progenies was evaluated. Hybrid strains viz., H2W12 and H2W14 have thin, loose and non-rhizomorphic mycelium and they produced primordia in 9-10 days after spawning with total cropping duration of 29-32 days. Whereas, hybrid strain namely Pf1W2 has thick, compact and rhizomorphic mycelial phenotype and it produced primordia in 20 days after spawning with the total cropping duration of 47 days. This study indicated that genes governing short cropping duration and non-rhizomorphic mycelial pattern were tightly linked and co-segregated in the progenies. Thus, non-rhizomorphic mycelial phenotype of P. djamor woody1 can be used as a phenotypic marker for selection of hybrid cultivar having short cropping duration with other desired agronomic traits in future breeding strategy.
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Wenda-Piesik, Anna, and Agnieszka Synowiec. "Productive and Ecological Aspects of Mixed Cropping System." Agriculture 11, no. 5 (2021): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11050395.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Mixed cropping, also known as inter-cropping, polyculture, or co-cultivation, is a type of plant production system that involves planting two or more species (or cultivars) simultaneously in the same field in a variable order (row or rowless) [...]
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Ma, Yunshuang, Anran Yu, Liangliang Zhang, and Rongquan Zheng. "Effects of Rice–Frog Co-Cropping on the Soil Microbial Community Structure in Reclaimed Paddy Fields." Biology 13, no. 6 (2024): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology13060396.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Utilizing and improving the productivity of reclaimed land are highly significant for alleviating the problem of food production shortage in China, and the integrated rice–frog farming model can improve soil fertility. However, there are few studies on the use of integrated rice–frog farming technology to improve the fertility of reclaimed land and increase its efficiency in food production. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the rice–frog co-cropping mode on the soil fertility and microbial diversity of reclaimed land. A rice monoculture group (SF), low-density rice–frog co-cropping group (SD, 5000 frogs/mu, corresponds to 8 frogs/m2), and high-density rice–frog co-cropping group (SG, 10,000 frogs/mu, corresponds to 15 frogs/m2) were established and tested. The contents of total nitrogen, soil organic matter, available potassium, and available phosphorus of the soil in the SG group were significantly higher than those in the SF group (p < 0.05) in the mature stage of rice. Compared with the SF group, the SD and SG groups improved the soil microbial diversity and changed the structure of the microbial community. This study indicates that compared with the rice monoculture mode, the rice–frog co-cropping pattern can improve the soil fertility, as well as microbial diversity, of reclaimed land.
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Fuksová, Z., J. Száková, and P. Tlustoš. "Effects of co-cropping on bioaccumulation of trace elements in Thlaspi caerulescens and Salix dasyclados." Plant, Soil and Environment 55, No. 11 (2009): 461–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/42/2009-pse.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Most phytoremediation technologies are based on the use of selected plant species cropped as in monoculture. Separated (monoculture) and combined (simultaneous) cropping of hyperaccumulator <i>Thlaspi caerulescens</i> and accumulator tree <i>Salix dasyclados</i> were tested in our experiment. We used moderately and highly contaminated soil. Extremely contaminated soil caused progressive mortality of willows planted separately. Combined cropping with <i>T. caerulescens</i> enabled willows to survive. Generally, we determined decreased bioaccumulation of As, Cd, and Pb in both tested species and Zn in willow plants. Combined cropping enhanced bioaccumulation of Zn in <i>T. caerulescens</i> shoots. The remediation efficiency of the individual species in the co-cropping system did not differ from those obtained in separate cropping mode. For As and Pb the negligible effectiveness of phytoextraction was confirmed for both separate and combined cropping of the tested plant species.
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N.T, JAGANNATHAN, and VENKITASWAMY R. "EVALUATION OF COTTON BASED CROPPING SYSTEMS UNDER COIMBATORE CONDITIONS." Madras Agricultural Journal 83, March (1996): 161–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a00994.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Field experiments were conducted at the Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during 1991-92 and 1992-93 under irrigated conditions to identify suitable cotton based cropping system under Coimbatore conditions. Results revealed that cotton (MCU 5)-tomato (Co 3) gave a maximum net income of Rs.26,900 and Rs.33, 150 during 1991-92 and 1992-93 respectively. Cotton (MCU'S)- soybean (Co 1) and cotton (MCU 5) - maize (Col) systems also recorded more net income next to the cotton-tomato cropping system.
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Le Gal, Pierre-Yves, and François Papy. "Co-ordination processes in a collectively managed cropping system: Double cropping of irrigated rice in Senegal." Agricultural Systems 57, no. 2 (1998): 135–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0308-521x(97)00074-7.
Testo completoTesi sul tema "Co-Cropping"
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Collot, Jordan. "Amélioration de la phytoextraction de Salix aquatica grandis et Alliaria petiolata pour la gestion de la contamination en éléments traces de la friche industrielle de Vieux-Charmont (25)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://indexation.univ-fcomte.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/529bee32-e416-47df-b385-2ee5a9110751.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Les activités humaines, passées et présentes, telles que le dépôt de déchets et les activités industrielles, minières et militaires ont conduit à une contamination des sols, notamment par des éléments traces (ETs). Cette contamination est une menace pour les nombreux services écosystémiques qui dépendent du sol, pour la biodiversité et pour la santé humaine et mène à la création de sites marginaux présentant peu d’intérêt du fait des coûts élevés nécessaires à leur gestion par des méthodes traditionnelles. La phytoextraction propose donc une alternative peu coûteuse pour l’extraction des ETs en utilisant des plantes capables de tolérer la présence de ces éléments et de les accumuler dans leurs parties aériennes. Dans ce contexte, ces travaux de thèse se focalisent premièrement sur la caractérisation de la biodiversité, de la contamination, des transferts d’ETs dans la végétation et du risque sanitaire lié à la contamination de la friche industrielle de Vieux-Charmont (25). La question de la gestion de cette contamination est également traitée par des études en mésocosme des capacités de phytoextraction de Salix aquatica grandis et Alliaria petiolata en conditions hydroponiques et sur le sol de la friche. Le rendement d’extraction des ETs a été évalué dans le cadre de l’acidification du sol avec du soufre élémentaire, de la mise en place d’une coculture ou de l’inoculation d’un consortium fongique et bactérien de souches isolées sur le site d’étude. Ces travaux mettent en évidence l’intérêt de ces traitements pour l’optimisation de méthodes de phytoextraction pour plusieurs ETs et apportent des connaissances sur la pertinence de l’utilisation de Salix aquatica grandis et Alliaria petiolata pour la gestion de ces contaminations<br>Past and present human activities, such as waste disposal and industrial, mining and military activities, led to soil contamination, particularly by trace elements (TE). This contamination is a threat for the ecosystem services that depend on soil, for biodiversity and for human health, and conduced to the creation of marginal sites with no interest because of the high cost of managing them using conventional methods. Phytoextraction is therefore a low-cost alternative for extracting TE using plants capable of tolerating the presence of these elements and accumulating them in their aerial parts. In this context, this Ph-D first explored the characterisation of biodiversity, contamination, transfers of TE in vegetation and the health risk associated with the contamination of the industrial wasteland at Vieux-Charmont (25). The management of this contamination is also addressed by mesocosm studies that focused on the phytoextraction capacities of Salix aquatica grandis and Alliaria petiolata under hydroponic conditions and on the soil of the wasteland. The extraction yield of TE was evaluated according to soil acidification with elemental sulphur, establishment of a coculture or inoculation with a fungal and bacterial consortium of strains isolated on the study site. This work highlights the value of these treatments for optimising phytoextraction methods for several TE and provides knowledge on the relevance of using Salix aquatica grandis and Alliaria petiolata in the management of these contaminations
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Gérard, Timothée. "Restauration de l’agrosystème de la plaine alsacienne à travers la protection d’une espèce emblématique ; le hamster commun." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAJ065.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
L’intensification de l’agriculture a profondément altéré l’habitat du hamster commun, une espèce menacée d’extinction. Dans ma thèse, j’étudie comment le choix des cultures est susceptible de restaurer un habitat agricole favorable. Nos suivis de hamster ont été conduit en laboratoire et en enclos semi-naturel, et complétés de tests agronomiques en plein champs. Nous avons identifié que la diversité de l’environnement des hamsters est clé pour éviter les carences nutritionnelles. La présence de cultures oléagineuses, riches en énergie, est particulièrement bénéfique. Ces résultats sont prometteurs pour protéger le hamster et les autres espèces agricoles, et favoriser une agriculture durable<br>Agricultural intensification has profoundly altered the habitat of the endangered common hamster. In my thesis, I'm studying how crop selection can restore a favorable agricultural habitat. Hamster monitoring was conducted in laboratory and semi-natural conditions, and completed by agronomic field tests. We have identified that the diversity of the hamster's environment is key to prevent nutritional deficiencies. The presence of energy-rich oilseed crops is particularly beneficial. These results are promising for protecting hamsters and other agricultural species, and for promoting sustainable agriculture
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Agostini, Corinne. "Concevoir des cadres pour agir et faire agir : l'activité de prescription dans une entreprise horticole." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CNAM0925/document.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Cette recherche porte sur l’activité de prescription de l’encadrement de proximité d’une entreprise horticole appartenant à un groupement de producteurs national. Celle-ci compte une vingtaine de permanents à l’année et accueillant autant de saisonniers durant la pleine saison. Dans cette structure où le travail est peu formalisé et l’organisation de la production pas toujours planifiée en amont, et dans un environnement où tout bouge tout le temps (élément naturel, produits vivants, variabilité industrielle), il est impossible, voire contre-productif de vouloir tout pré-écrire. Dans ce contexte, nous considérons que l’encadrant est un concepteur qui développe son activité en s’appuyant sur des cadres pour l’action préexistants dans la situation de travail et composés en partie de cadres primaires (naturels et sociaux) qu’il interprète, grâce à des ressources qu’il s’est construit sur son expérience, et en interagissant avec ses collègues. Pour organiser le travail à faire et à faire faire, et pour agir de manière efficace, l’encadrement va concevoir de l’organisation et de la prescription, dans et par l’action, en se confrontant en permanence à la réalité de la situation. Prescrire revient alors à concevoir des cadres d’action (cadres pour agir et cadres pour faire agir) en conduisant en simultané des microprojets quotidiens et des microprojets occasionnels ainsi que de séquences de conception, aux empans temporels différenciés. Lors du processus de conception de la prescription, l’encadrement transforme donc les cadres primaires en cadres secondaires, aboutissant ainsi à une succession de cadres transformés dont certains peuvent se cristalliser sous la forme d’artefacts (matérialisés ou oraux). Nous montrons que pour ce faire, l’encadrant procède à des actions de cadrage (microprojet quotidiens), de recadrage (microprojets occasionnels) et de co-cadrage (microprojets occasionnels et séquences de conception).Vue sous cet angle, l’activité de prescription aboutit à une stratification de cadres d’action. Et elle requiert non seulement une activité de conception complexe, mais aussi et surtout, une réelle créativité de l’agir de la part de l’encadrement<br>This research focuses on the prescription activity for the supervision of a horticultural company. This company is owned by a group of national producers, with around twenty permanent staff and around the same number of temporary staff during the peak season. In this organisation in which the work is not formalised, the organisation of the production is not always planned ahead and where everything is in flux (natural element, living products, industrial variability), it is impossible, even against counter- productive to try to pre-write everything.In this context, we consider that the supervisor is a designer who develops his activity based on the existing frameworks for action in the work situation. These frameworks are made up of pre-existing primary frameworks (natural and social) that he interprets using the resources that he has built up based on his experience and by interacting with colleagues. To organise the work to do and to be done, and to act efficiently, the supervisor will design the organisation and the prescription (during the action and by the action) by constantly facing the reality of the situation. Prescribing then comes down to designing activity frameworks (frameworks for behaving and frameworks to drive behaviours) by simultaneously driving daily and occasional micro-projects as well as design sequences with differentiated temporal spans. During the design process of the prescription, the supervision therefore transforms primary frameworks in secondary frameworks, resulting in a succession of transformed frameworks some of which may crystallise in the form of artifacts (materialised or oral). We show that for this to happen, the supervisor conducts framing actions (daily microprojects) and re-framing actions (occasional microprojects) and of co-framing (occasional microprojects and design sequences). From this perspective, the prescription activity leads to a stratification of policy frameworks. And it requires not only complex design activities, but also and above all, real creativity of action on the part of the supervisor
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(9867779), Brodrick L. Deno. "COVER CROPPING FOR SUSTAINABLE CO-PRODUCTION OF BIOENERGY, FOOD, FEED (BFF) AND ENHANCEMENT OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES (ES)." Thesis, 2020.
Cerca il testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Increasing food, feed, fiber, biofuel production on decreasing amounts of arable land while simultaneously enhancing ecosystem services is challenging. Strategic inclusion of winter rye (<i>Secale cereale</i>) for biomass, silage, grain and Kura clover (<i>Trifolium ambiguum</i>) living mulch into existing Midwestern cropping systems may offer alternative economic income for farmers without displacing or reducing yields of primary crops. Research was conducted at the Purdue Water Quality Field Station (WQFS) where net balances of water, carbon, nitrogen, and radiation can be measured, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are monitored. The agronomic performance of a corn-soybean rotation and continuous corn (controls) were compared to novel systems that included the use of rye cover cropping and Kura clover co-cropping. Rye was harvested for biomass/silage at heading immediately followed by corn or soybean planting. Continuous corn receiving 69 kg N ha<sup>-1 </sup>was planted into an establishment of Kura clover sod. Controls included these same systems without the rye or clover. GHG samples were taken via the static chamber method and tile-drained water sub-samples were collected, analyzed for nitrate, and load losses calculated. Biomass composition was determined and used to calculate herbage theoretical ethanol (EtOH) yields. Cereal rye did not significantly decrease corn or soybean grain yield. Averaged across years, Kura clover significantly depressed corn grain yields by nearly 70%. Kura clover significantly reduced flow-weighted tile drainage nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>) concentrations, however cereal rye did not. Reductions in flow-weighted tile drainage nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>) concentrations were found to largely occur during Quarter two (April, May, June). Cover crops did not significantly reduce annual tile drained NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> load losses in most cases, however, they did significantly reduce annual N<sub>2</sub>O emissions. Cumulative annual CH<sub>4</sub> emissions were not significantly altered. Annual CO<sub>2</sub>emissions were higher after the introduction of Kura clover and not significantly altered following the introduction of cereal rye. Averaged across years, theoretical ethanol yields in the Kura clover system produced 2,752 L EtOH ha<sup>-1</sup>, whereas EtOH production in cereal rye systems ranged from 3,245 to 4,210 L EtOH ha<sup>-1</sup>. Theoretical ethanol yields of continuous corn and rotational controls ranged from 2,982 to 3505 L EtOH ha<sup>-1</sup> for these same systems without the cereal rye of Kura clover. These data suggest that a multipurpose approach to cover crop inclusion can provide both environmental and economic advantages worthy of consideration.
Capitoli di libri sul tema "Co-Cropping"
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Nguyen-Van-Hung, Nguyen Thi Ha-An, Grant Robert Singleton, and Melanie Connor. "Carbon Footprint Reduction from Closing Rice Yield Gaps." In Closing Rice Yield Gaps in Asia. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37947-5_5.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractRice production significantly contributes to greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE), especially methane (CH4) emissions at various cropping stages. A major source of methane emissions is the decomposition of fertilizers and organic residues in flooded fields during the irrigation cycle. CORIGAP technologies and practices are mainly associated with closing yield gaps by increasing productivity and profitability but have been co-designed to address climatic challenges and to minimize negative environmental impacts. Therefore, over the last decade, the CORIGAP interventions not only helped to reduce yield gaps substantially but also resulted in a significant reduction of the carbon footprint (CF) in rice production. This chapter starts with an in-depth synthesis of scientific-based evidence and knowledge on challenges and constraints to reducing rice CF in CORIGAP countries. The chapter introduces solutions that have been proven to reduce GHGE, in particular, Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD), rice-straw management, mechanization, and postharvest management. The latter two approaches include laser land leveling, mechanized direct seeding and transplanting, and paddy grain drying will be described in more detail. In addition, life cycle assessments will outline the quantification of the carbon footprint in rice production, for these specific technologies. The chapter presents three country case studies (Thailand, Indonesia, and Vietnam) from data collected through CORIGAP activities to estimate GHGE reductions associated with implementation of best practices for lowland irrigated rice production. Lastly, this chapter provides the outcomes related to GHGE reduction and offers specific recommendations that can be easily implemented in other countries.
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Colbach, N. "Ex AnteEvaluation of Gene Flow in Oilseed Rape with Cropping System Models." In Genetically Modified and Non-Genetically Modified Food Supply Chains: Co-Existence and Traceability. Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118373781.ch4.
Testo completo
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Kumar, Rakesh, Pardeep Kaur, and Robin. "Weeds – Introduction, Concept, Characteristics and Importance in Agriculture." In Handbook of Integrated Weed Management for Major Field Crops. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815305098124010003.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the initial phases of life on Earth, the prevalence of undesirable plants was not extensive. Humans developed the practice of differentiating between weeds and crops based on economic activities. It has been suggested that there are close to 30,000 species that can be classified as weeds. These have co-evolved with crops and are deemed undesirable because of their capacity to outcompete cultivated plants that are intended for food and fiber production. It is widely accepted that all primary cultivated plants have originated from wild weeds. Several plant species that were previously utilized for ornamental, therapeutic, or feed purposes are currently classified as weeds. The crop ecosystem has undergone significant changes due to the use of high levels of fertilizers, intensive cropping practices, and modifications in cropping patterns. Weeds possess specific characteristics that enable them to thrive and persist in environments where many cultivated plants would ultimately perish. The existence of weeds may have multiple effects on human existence. Apart from their economic implications, these cause hay fever in humans and can also exhibit toxicity in livestock and wildlife. The impact of weeds on crop productivity varies based on certain factors such as type of weed species, density of weeds, duration of weed competition, and method of cultivation.
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Bokelman, Marina. "How to Look at the Photographs." In Going Up the Country. University Press of Mississippi, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496841971.003.0003.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This chapter discusses in detail the photographic methodology of co-author Marina Bokelman—how she worked with the limitations of the black and white film available at the time, and the resulting qualities of the photographs. She discusses her decision not to use flash photography and its ramifications, the problems of photographing indoors in low light conditions, and the challenges of photographing subjects with dark skin. She emphasizes the importance of using framing and loose cropping in order to document and illustrate cultural context. She also touches on the importance of gaining permission to photograph, being sensitive to the reluctance of certain subjects to be photographed, and other issues. She illustrates her points with photographs.
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Aram, I. Arul, and Sakthivel Murugan G. "Use of Mobiles for Promoting Agriculture in Puducherry, India." In Handbook of Research on Recent Developments in Internet Activism and Political Participation. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4796-0.ch015.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This research work is based on an empirical investigation into mobile advisory services co-created by the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD), M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation (MSSRF), and the agriculture farmers' community of the Union Territory of Puducherry, India. This research work investigates the effectiveness of the agricultural extension tool of mobile phone audio messages among farmers in areas of rural in Puducherry, during the years 2010-2013. The research work analysed farmers' benefits, gaps in mobile advisory services (MAS), perception of mobile messages, socio-demographic, and socio-economic data. As a result, farmers were able to acquire knowledge and skills relating to their livelihoods and make timely decisions to cope with emerging issues and trends in agriculture to an extent of diversifying their cropping patterns. These messages enhanced their knowledge in crop management, latest farming technologies, and agriculture-related government schemes and entitlements, and post-harvest techniques along with care and management of livestock.
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McCown, R., B. Keating, P. Carberry, Z. Hochman, and D. Hargreaves. "The Co-Evolution of the Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) and Its Use in Australian dryland Cropping Research and Farm Management Intervention." In Agricultural System Models in Field Research and Technology Transfer. CRC Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420032413.ch8.
Testo completo
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Steiner, Hadas A. "Cropping the View." In Buffalo at the Crossroads. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501749766.003.0013.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This chapter discusses how the deployment of architectural history in Buffalo demonstrates how scholarship can be used to justify policies that reify segregation. It describes Buffalo as an industrial city where the longue durée of fiscal, racial, and ethnic ghettoization has stranded 30 percent of the population below the poverty line despite claims of an economic renaissance. It also cites the co-option of cultural capital by politicians and developers in relation to identifying how disciplinary resources might be directed elsewhere to stem the growing tide of spatial injustice. The chapter contrasts the most important aspects of the Buffalo landscape and the abstraction of its architecture into an aesthetic discourse. It recounts the terracotta fac¸ade of the Guaranty Building by Louis Sullivan that has now been restored and the demolition of the Larkin Administration Building by Frank Lloyd Wright in 1950.
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Teixeira, Fernando. "Legumes Cropping and Nitrogen Fixation under Mediterranean Climate: The Case of Montado/Dehesa System." In Sustainable Development. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.104473.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Climate change contributes to the environmental pressures that the Montado/Dehesa systems are experiencing, leading to an impoverishment of the floristic composition of the understorey. The strongly acidic soils of these systems are associated with nutrient deficiencies, nutritional disorders and the toxicity of metals, especially Mn and Al; these problems are discussed with emphasis on the antagonism between Fe and Mn and the relationship between K concentration and Mg uptake and concentration. The potential for the use of the legume-rhizobia symbiosis to increase biological nitrogen fixation and avenues for research are discussed. The co-colonization of the roots of legumes with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and the effects on P and Mn uptake are discussed. A better understanding of the relationships between soil pH, organic matter content (SOM), microbial community, soil P content and the plant strategies to mobilize it, as well as plant effects on the soil solution concentrations of Mn, is important for the management of these systems. The increase of biological nitrogen fixation in these systems, through the breeding of tolerant cultivars to acidic soils and a stepwise legumes enrichment, alongside soil fertility management, may contribute to increasing biomass production, SOM content and overall ecological plasticity.
Atti di convegni sul tema "Co-Cropping"
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Papakaloudis, Paschalis, Andreas Michalitsis, Maria Laskari, Efstratios Deligiannis, Fatima Lambarraa-Lehnhardt, and Christos Dordas. "Co-Design and Co-Evaluation of Traditional and Highly Biodiversity-Based Cropping Systems in the Mediterranean Area." In International Conference of the Hellenic Association of Agricultural Economists. MDPI, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024094032.
Testo completo
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Cureton, Colin. "Supporting the commercialization, adoption, and scaling of climate-smart winter annual and perennial oilseeds." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/lyjl6277.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The University of Minnesota Forever Green Initiative (FGI ) is an agricultural innovation platform developing viable, profitable perennial and winter annual crops and cropping systems that will provide “continuous living cover†on the Upper Midwestern agricultural landscape, which can likely improve climate mitigation and adaptation as well as provide other environmental co-benefits relative to conventional summer annual grain systems. Transdisciplinary FGI crop development research teams span genomics, plant breeding, agronomy, natural resource sciences, food science, social sciences, economics, and commercialization. Several of these crops include "cash cover crop" winter oilseeds such as winter camelina and pennycress, and perennial oilseeds such as perennial flax and silphium, which have diverse opportunities in oil markets. While developing the basic and applied science of these crops and cropping systems, FGI is supporting the commercialization, adoption, and scaling of FGI crops in partnership with researchers, growers, industry, policymakers, and communities. For example, early commercial winter camelina production (relay-cropping) and market interest is developing spanning fuel, feed, biopolymers, and food, largely in response to corporate commitments and consumer demand for sustainability, GHG reduction, climate change mitigation and adaptation, and supply chain resilience. Industry has an essential role to play in developing and scaling FGI crops by supporting basic research, contributing in-house expertise and facilities, and creating the market pull needed to move novel continuous living cover crops and cropping systems out onto the landscape and into the market.