Tesi: "Cnda" – Grafiati

1

Guiot, Juliette. "L'indignité et les clauses d'exclusion dans le droit d'asile français : approches théorique et pratique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASH013.

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L'exclusion en droit d'asile vise à exclure de la protection internationale ceux qui, par des agissements particulièrement graves, se sont rendus indignes de cette protection. La clause d'exclusion en droit d'asile a ainsi vocation à préserver le statut de réfugié, en refusant aux persécuteurs le droit de se ranger aux côtés des persécutés. Toutefois, ce concept d'indignité, tout comme le mécanisme de l'exclusion, sont remis en cause. Seraient-ils devenus anachroniques ? Ou est-ce que l'indignité, en permettant la prise en compte d'évolutions sociétales, ne faciliterait-elle pas l'adaptation et l'évolution du droit d'asile ? Des réponses à ces questions seront recherchées à travers une étude de grande ampleur de la jurisprudence française, notamment de la Cour nationale du droit d'asile, auparavant peu analysée
Exclusion in asylum law is a concept according to which those who have committed particularly serious acts have made themselves unworthy of the refugee status. This mechanism is closely linked to the concept of indignity. However, it is increasingly challenged. Have indignity and the exclusion clauses become anachronistic concepts? Or has the concept of indignity allowed asylum law to adapt to societal changes? To answer these questions, we will conduct a large-scale study of the jurisprudence of French asylum courts, particularly that of the Cour nationale du droit d'asile

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2

Powney, Janet. "Peer review of CNAA courses". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359935.

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3

Torres, Fernando, Rosa Valencia e Morella Petrozzi. "CNDP, 34 años de historia". Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/657523.

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4

Rosenauer, Angelika. "The characterization of cnjA, a Tetrahymena gene active only during meiosis /". Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69685.

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The nucleotide sequence of the cnjA cDNA (formerly pC1) from the ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila was determined. This gene was previously found to be conjugation specific and to peak in expression just prior to or at pachytene in meiotic prophase I. The cnjA message is initiated from four transcription start sites, one minor and three major, and encodes a putative protein (CnjA) of 779 amino acids. The protein has a calculated molecular weight of 89.5 kDa and is mainly hydrophilic with an estimated pI of 9.3. CnjA was found to share no sequence similarities with any known protein to date. The gene's coding region demonstrates an unusual codon choice. Flanking regions of the cnjA genomic locus were amplified by means of the Inverse PCR method but attempts at subcloning and characterizing its promoter region were unsuccessful.

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5

PINHEIRO, Letícia da Silveira. "Determinação da variabilidade genética nas populações de seleção recorrente de arroz CNA-IRAT 4 e CNA 12 utilizando marcadores microssatélites". Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/2661.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T16:24:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Leticia da Silveira Pinheiro.pdf: 1061417 bytes, checksum: d3b6dccd4e5c363bd8b7c9da2c672cc0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-03-07
Recurrent Selection is a population inbreed method that is not traditionally used in autogamous species as rice. However, it is still an interesting methodology to the implementation of recurrent selection populations, due to the possibility of obtaining genotypes with wide genetic base and adequate agronomical traits. It is even more attractive when a great genetic variability is easily available, as it is for rice and could be largely used in the development of more productive elite cultivars and with a better production stability even under low input agricultural systems. Two recurrent selection irrigated rice populations, developed by Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, were synthetized using different recombination methods. The CNA-IRAT 4 population was developed in field conditions using male-sterelity, while the CNA 12 population originated from manual crosses in a circulant partial diallel scheme. The aim of this work was the evaluation of the genetic variability among cycles of the two recurrent selection populations using fourteen SSR markers. Hundred and eighty genotypes of the cycles 1, 2 and 5 of CNA-IRAT 4 population and cycles 1 and 2 of CNA 12, were evaluated. The AMOVA did not indicate any genetic structure among the cycles of selection, meaning that the greater variation was attributed between individuals within cycles, in both studied populations. Unexpected alleles, which means alleles that not belong to the genetic pool of the genitors, were identified in both populations and in all cycles evaluated, mostly of these alleles were observed on CNA-IRAT 4 population. These alleles were probably a result of undesired crosses of genotypes which did not belong to both populations. Parameters Fis and Fit of Wright s statistics indicated that the genetic variability of the manually conducted population (CNA 12) were increased while the population using male-sterelity recombination (CNA-IRAT 4) were reduced. The mean reason for this particular situation was due to the directionally crosses that promoted a greater combination between the alleles of all genitors, while male-sterelity methodology pollination the alleles from plants with major height and more capable of producing more pollen were privileged. To avoid the genetic drift in CNA-IRAT 4, genotypes genetically divergent, with more General Capacity of Combination and with good agronomic attributes, should be introduced on this population.
Seleção recorrente é um método de melhoramento populacional ainda pouco empregado em espécies autógamas, como o arroz. Contudo, a possibilidade de obter genótipos de ampla base genética e com bons atributos agronômicos, é um atrativo interessante para a implementação de populações de seleção recorrente, sobretudo pela necessidade de utilizar a grande variabilidade genética disponível para enfrentar o desafio de desenvolver cultivares elite mais produtivas e capazes de manter a estabilidade de produção. Foram utilizadas, neste estudo, duas populações de seleção recorrente de arroz irrigado, desenvolvidas pelo programa de melhoramento genético da Embrapa Arroz e Feijão. A população CNA-IRAT 4 portadora do gene da macho-esterilidade genética, permitindo assim que a sua recombinação seja feita à campo, e a população CNA 12 recombinada manualmente através do esquema de cruzamento em dialelo ciculante por não possuir este gene. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a variabilidade genética entre os ciclos de seleção das duas populações por meio de 14 marcadores SSR. Foram avaliados 180 indivíduos dos ciclos 1, 2 e 5 na CNA-IRAT 4, e ciclos 1 e 2 na CNA 12. O estudo da análise de variância molecular (AMOVA) não indicou nenhum tipo de estruturação entre os ciclos de seleção definindo que a maior parte da variação foi encontrada entre os indivíduos dentro dos ciclos do que entre os ciclos em ambas as populações. Foram identificados alelos não provenientes dos genitores nas duas populações, e em todos os ciclos, principalmente para a CNA-IRAT 4. Estes alelos foram provavelmente resultantes da fecundação indesejada a partir de genótipos que não faziam parte das populações. Os parâmetros Fis e Fit da estatística F de Wright indicaram que a recombinação manual está ampliando a variabilidade genética da população CNA 12, enquanto que a recombinação via gene da macho-esterilidade está reduzindo a variabilidade genética da CNA-IRAT 4, e o principal motivo é que os cruzamentos dirigidos estão promovendo uma maior combinação entre os alelos de todos os genitores, enquanto que a polinização via macho-esterilidade vêm privilegiando os alelos dos genótipos com maior porte e capacidade de produção de pólen e do macho-estéril. Para evitar a deriva genética na CNA-IRAT 4, genótipos de arroz geneticamente divergentes das progênies, com maior Capacidade Geral de Combinação e com bons atributos agronômicos, deverão ser introduzidos nesta população.

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6

Harrison, Mark L. "CND : the challenge of the post-war era". Thesis, Loughborough University, 1994. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6939.

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The intention of this work has been threefold. Firstly it examines in some detail the history of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND) from its inception during the late 1950's to the beginning of the 1990's, as the Peace Movement begins to respond to the changes wrought by the ending of the cold war at the end of the 1980's. It examines in detail the relationship between the movement and their supporters and opponents. In particular, detailed attention is paid to the relationships that have existed between CND and the British Labour Party, as well as the wider Political Opportunity Structure - other major political parties, associated pressure groups, the Trade Union movement and the established churches. Secondly, it examines the utility of the various Social Movement theories that are in existence, and applies these directly to CND in both an historical and contemporary context. Extensive examination of these theories will reveal that in the case of the majority (Resource Mobilisation, Relative Deprivation, New Social Movement theory), these are of limited utility in the case of CND in particular and British Social Movements in general. Finally, with the use of original survey data and statistical analysis, the thesis will evaluate these perspectives, and will conclude with a discussion of new approaches to the study of the wider Social Movement phenomenon. In particular, the final chapter will discuss the concept of 'Habitual Membership' as a possible explanation for continuing CND membership and activity in the post cold-war period of the early 1990's.

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7

Sudlow, Anna. "The synthesis of precursors for the deposition of photovoltaic thin films". Thesis, University of Bath, 2012. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.563999.

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The work in the thesis describes attempts to synthesise precursors for the deposition of thin films for use in thin-film photovoltaic cells. Chapter One – Introduction provides a brief background to photovoltaic cells with specific detail given to thin-film photovoltaic cells. The concepts of chemical vapour deposition (CVD) and precursor design are discussed with relevant precursors are highlighted. Chapter Two – Xanthates provides details of the synthesis and characterisation of a series of metal xanthates. The materials chemistry of the xanthates is then discussed. Chapter Three – Dithiocarbamates provides details of the synthesis and characterisation of a series of metal dithiocarbamates. The materials chemistry of the dithiocarbamates is then discussed. Chapter Four – Materials Work on Cu2ZnSnS2 and CuSbS2 provides a discussion of attempts to deposit thin films of Cu2ZnSnS4 and CuSbS2 from the precursors discussed in chapters two and three. Chapter Five – Heterobimetallic precursors provides details of the synthesis and characterisation of a series of heterobimetallic precursors liked by chlorine bridges and subsequent attempts to replace the chlorine atoms with thiolate ligands. Chapter Six – Precursors for ZnO:F provides details of the synthesis and characterisation of a series of single source precursors designed for the deposition of ZnO:F thin films. The materials chemistry and subsequent CVD trials are then discussed.

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8

Santos, Eduardo Maciel Haitzmann dos. "Diagnose da Composição Nutricional (CND) para a cultura da atemoia". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/50355.

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Orientador: Prof. Dr. Danilo Eduardo Rozane
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo. Defesa: Curitiba, 29/11/2016
Inclui referências : f. 38-46
Resumo: A atemoia é um híbrido interespecífico, pertencente à família da Annonaceae, originada do cruzamento entre a cherimoia (Annona cherimola Mill.) e a fruta-pinha (Annona squamosa L.). A cultura ocorre predominantemente em regiões com climas tropicais, e o seu cultivo no Brasil está concentrado no estado de São Paulo. Por existirem poucas informações técnico-científicas disponíveis sobre calagem, adubação e nutrição da atemoia, pesquisas são necessárias para o estabelecimento de um manejo adequado da cultura. Entre as ferramentas disponíveis para a avaliação do estado nutricional de plantas tem-se o método da "Diagnose da Composição Nutricional" ou Compositional Nutrients Diagnosis (CND). O método CND utiliza a transformação da razão log centrada para analisar dados composicionais, baseando-se nas relações entre o teor de um dado nutriente e a média geométrica dos teores dos demais componentes da matéria seca das folhas (relações multivariáveis), incluindo aqueles não determinados analiticamente para fins de expressão do equilíbrio. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar a diagnose do estado nutricional da cultura da atemoia, por meio dos resultados de produção e das análises químicas foliares, bem como pelo resultado das análises de solo. Para tanto, foram avaliados 55 talhões comerciais de Atemoia na maior região produtora do estado de São Paulo, composta pelos municípios de Itapetininga, Piedade, Pilar do Sul e Salto de Pirapora. Pelo uso da distância de Mahalanobis (D2) foram removidos os dados aberrantes, o que reduziu o banco de dados para 50 observações. Empregando a derivada segunda (ponto de inflexão) da função cúbica obtida pela relação entre a produtividade do conjunto amostral e a variância acumulada dos valores de D2, permitiu separar as subpopulações de alta (n = 23) e baixa produtividade (n = 27). Ao comparar esta metodologia com o DRIS, observou-se que os índices de equilíbrio nutricional determinados pelo CND foram superiores. No entanto, as faixas normais dos nutrientes para os dois métodos foram semelhantes. A análise do potencial de resposta a adubação (PRA), inicialmente desenvolvida para análise dos índices DRIS, não permitiu avaliar o método CND. Todavia, segundo o teste de qui-quadrado, o PRA com base nos índices DRIS apresentou resultado ineficiente para avaliar as limitações nutricionais dos pomares de atemoia. O teste de predição de valores positivos e negativos, sensibilidade, eficiência e acurácia pelo procedimento Cate-Nelson evidenciou que o CND foi mais eficiente que o DRIS, demonstrando que a metodologia apresenta maior probabilidade de acerto no diagnóstico nutricional da atemoia 'Thompson'. Utilizando o banco de dados, foi desenvolvido um software denominado CND-Atemoia, que será registrado e distribuído gratuitamente, via mídia física (CD/DVD) e/ou pela internet, para dispositivos contendo os sistemas operacionais Windows® e webOS®, com o objetivo de auxiliar os produtores na diagnose do estado nutricional de seus pomares de atemoia. Palavras-Chave: Annonaceae; análise multivariada; nutrição mineral, balanço nutricional.
Abstract: The atemoya is an interspecific hybrid, belonging to the Annonaceae family, originating from the junction between cherimoia (Annona cherimola Mill.) and custard apple (Annona squamosa L.). The culture occurs predominantly in regions with tropical climates, and its cultivation in Brazil is concentrated in the state of São Paulo. Due to the lack of available technical-scientific information on liming, fertilization and nutrition for atemoyas, researches are necessary to establish proper crop management. Among the tools available to evaluate the nutritional state of plants we have the method of "Diagnosis of Nutritional Composition" (CND). The CND method uses the log-centered transformation to analyze compositional data, based on the relationships between the content of a given nutrient and the geometric mean of the contents of the other components of the leaf dry matter (multivariable relationships), including those not determined analytically for the purpose of expression of equilibrium. The objective of this work was to diagnose the nutritional status (CND) of the atemoia culture, through the production results and the foliar chemical analysis, as well as the results of the soil analysis. For this purpose, 55 commercial atemoia fields were evaluated in the largest producing region in the state of São Paulo, composed of the municipalities of Itapetininga, Piedade, Pilar do Sul and Salto de Pirapora. By using the Mahalanobis distance (D2) the aberrant data were removed, which reduced the database to 50 observations. Using the second derivative (inflection point) of the cubic function obtained by the relation between the productivity of the sample set and the accumulated variance of the D2 values, it was possible to separate the subpopulations of high (n = 23) and low productivity (n = 27). When comparing the methodology with the DRIS, it was observed that the nutritional balance indices determined by the CND were higher. However, the normal ranges of nutrients for the two methods were similar. The analysis of the fertilization response potential, initially developed for analysis of the DRIS indices, did not allow to evaluate the CND method. However, according to the chisquare test, the fertilization response potential based on the DRIS indices presented an inefficient result to evaluate the nutritional limitations of atemoia orchards. The positive and negative values prediction test, sensitivity, efficiency and accuracy by the Cate-Nelson procedure showed that the CND was more efficient than DRIS, demonstrating that the methodology is more likely to be successful in the nutritional diagnosis of atemoya 'Thompson'. Using the database, was developed software called CND-Atemoia, which will be registered and distributed free of charge via physical media (CD/DVD) and/or internet, for devices containing Windows® and webOS® operating systems, with the objective of assisting the producers in the diagnosis of the nutritional status of their atemoya orchards. Keywords: Annonaceae; multivariate analysis; mineral nutrition; nutritional balance.

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9

Kouddane, Bouchra. "Évaluation non destructive optimale des bétons par couplage des méthodes CND". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0084.

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Appréhender les caractéristiques mécaniques du béton in situ est essentiel pour déterminer la capacité structurelle à la fois des structures existantes et des nouvelles constructions. La méthodologie récente d'évaluation de la résistance du béton dans une structure existante consiste à intégrer des techniques de Contrôle Non Destructif (CND) avec des mesures destructives (carottage) pour établir un modèle de conversion qui corrèle la résistance mécanique avec les mesures non destructives. Par la suite, le modèle de conversion est appliqué pour estimer la résistance mécanique locale à chaque emplacement de test en fonction des valeurs CND correspondantes.Le test du rebond (RH) et le test de la vitesse des ondes ultrasonores (UPV) sont largement utilisés pour estimer la résistance à la compression du béton. Cependant, l'exactitude des résultats obtenus par ces méthodes peut être influencée par divers facteurs. Pour atténuer ces effets, la combinaison stratégique de ces deux tests non destructifs offre un moyen efficace d'évaluer la résistance du béton dans les structures existantes. Par conséquent, l'objectif de cette thèse est d'analyser la méthodologie d'évaluation des structures en combinant des techniques non destructives et de fournir des recommandations pratiques qui peuvent améliorer la fiabilité de l'évaluation de la résistance in-situ du béton. À cette fin, un simulateur a été développé pour analyser la méthodologie d'évaluation non destructive en utilisant un vaste ensemble de données provenant de diverses sources, notamment des études in situ, ainsi que des données synthétiques générées.La principale contribution de cette étude est de proposer une nouvelle approche d'identification de modèle basée sur l'optimisation multi-objectifs pour prédire la résistance moyenne du béton et sa variabilité, en se basant sur la combinaison des mesures CND. Des simulations Monte Carlo ont été réalisées pour vérifier les performances en tenant compte de l'incertitude des mesures CND et de la variabilité du béton. Les résultats ont mis en évidence l'efficacité de la méthode multi-objectifs dans la détermination de la résistance moyenne et la variabilité de la résistance, par rapport à d'autres approches. De plus, cette approche innovante permet d'obtenir une précision améliorée dans l'estimation des propriétés du béton avec un nombre réduit de prélèvements par rapport aux méthodes traditionnelles.En outre, l'efficacité de diverses stratégies d'échantillonnage suggérées a été évaluée dans cette étude afin de sélectionner les emplacements optimaux pour les extractions de carottes. Une représentation précise et approfondie de la structure examinée peut être obtenue en choisissant soigneusement les emplacements de carottage. À travers des comparaisons approfondies, l'étude vise à déterminer le plan d'échantillonnage qui correspond le mieux aux objectifs spécifiques de l'évaluation de la résistance du béton. Il est suggéré d'utiliser l'échantillonnage4 par optimisation de la variance, qui semble être une alternative appropriée pour réduire les incertitudes inhérentes au processus d'évaluation non destructive [...]
Understanding the in situ mechanical properties of concrete is essential for determining the structural capacity of both existing structures and new constructions. The recent methodology for assessing concrete strength in an existing structure involves integrating nondestructive testing (NDT) techniques with destructive measurements (coring) to establish a conversion model that correlates mechanical strength with nondestructive measurements. Subsequently, the conversion model is applied to estimate the local mechanical strength at each testing location based on the corresponding NDT values.The Rebound Hammer (RH) test and the Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) test are widely used for estimating the compressive strength of concrete. However, the accuracy of the results obtained from these methods can be influenced by various factors. To mitigate these effects, the strategic combination of these two nondestructive tests provides an effective way to evaluate concrete strength in existing structures. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to analyze the assessment methodology of structures by combining nondestructive techniques and to offer practical recommendations that can enhance the reliability of in-situ concrete strength. For this purpose, a simulator was developed to analyze the methodology of nondestructive assessment using an extensive dataset derived from various sources, including in-situ studies, as well as generated synthetic data.The primary contribution of this study is to propose a new model identification approach based on multi-objective optimization to predict the mean strength of concrete and its variability, based on the combination of NDT measurements. Monte Carlo simulations were carried out to check the performance by considering the uncertainty of NDT measurements and the variability of concrete. The results highlighted the effectiveness of the multi-objective method in determining both the average strength and the variability of strength compared to other approaches. Furthermore, this innovative approach enables enhanced accuracy in estimating concrete properties with a reduced number of cores compared to traditional methods.In addition, a thorough and accurate representation of the structure under examination can be achieved by carefully choosing the core locations. The efficacy of various suggested sample strategies has been evaluated in this study in order to select the optimal locations for the core extractions. Through these thorough comparisons, the study aims to discover the sampling plan that best aligns with the specific objectives of evaluating concrete strength. It is suggested to use variance sampling, which appears to be a suitable alternative for reducing inherent uncertainties in the nondestructive assessment process [...]

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10

Louaayou, Madani. "Contribution à l'étude du CND par thermographie infrarouge stimulé par l'induction magnétique". Nantes, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NANT2119.

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Les méthodes du Contrôle Non Destructif sont des techniques actives qui nécessitent une source d’énergie pour stimuler le spécimen. La réponse est alors recueillie par un capteur approprié pour accéder à l’état interne de la cible. Elles se différencient par le phénomène physique pour mise en oeuvre de la stimulation et/ou dans la perception de la réponse. Des techniques dites hybrides combinent deux ou plusieurs phénomènes physiques pour avoir une bonne sélectivité des défauts et plus d’informations concernant la cible. Dans ce travail, nous avons étudié une technique basée sur le comportement magnétothermique du spécimen suite à une sollicitation par un champ magnétique. Les courants induits et la distribution de la température peuvent être perturbés par la présence d’une anomalie qui se localise à la surface par un radiomètre infrarouge. L’analyse des résultats de l’inspection peut se faire, soit par l’évolution temporelle de la température soit ou par ses grandeurs annexes qui sont le module et la phase selon le régime de sollicitation, transitoire ou synchrone. Notre contribution consiste d’abord à déterminer l’apport de l’induction en CND par thermographie, puis le développement des modèles 1D, 2D et 3D pour mettre en évidence les domaines d’applications de cette technique. Des résultats des simulations ont été comparés avec des mesures dans le cas d’une plaque de composite à base de fibre de carbone
The non Destructive Testings are the active techniques which need an energy source to stimulate the specimen. The response is then analysed by an appropriate sensor to drive the internal state of the target. The hybrid techniques, combine two or several physical phenomena in order to have a good selectivity of the defect and to get more information about the target. In this work, we present a technique combining the electromagnetic and the thermal phenomena in conducting materials. In induction heating, the induced current and the temperature could be distributed at by the presence of the defect. This can be localised at the surface by an infrared sensor. The results may be analysed either by time evolution of the temperature or by its characteristics such as the phase or the amplitude in the case of sinusoidal excitation. Our contribution in this work is firstly the demonstration that the induction can stimulate the infrared NDT techniques. We develop then the 1D, 2D and 3D models to show the application domains of this technique. The results of the simulations are compared to experimental ones for a carbon fibre based composite shit

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Sabillon, Cano Maynor Hugo. "Plan de negocios de Centro Médico Centro de Neumología y Alergías CNA". Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2018. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/168677.

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Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Gestión y Dirección de Empresas
El objetivo principal de este trabajo es la elaboración de un plan de negocios que maximice la rentabilidad del centro médico existente en San Pedro Sula, Honduras, constituido como Centro de Neumología y alergia (CNA). La necesidad de este plan es debido a que el centro ha mostrado mucha irregularidad en sus estados de resultados en los últimos años pasando de cifras positivas a negativas y viceversa en los últimos años. Esta disminución se ha producido aun cuando el centro es el único que brinda atención especializada en el tratamiento de enfermedades neumológicas a nivel de la zona nor-occidental del país lo cual lleva a la revisión del modelo estratégico y operacional del mismo. Para el desarrollo de este proyecto, se utilizarán los modelos de las Fuerzas de Porter y PESTL para medir las variables macro que afectan al centro, y el modelo FODA para revisión de las variables internas del mismo. Así mismo se realizará una encuesta dirigida a los pacientes pediátricos y adultos del centro. También se realizará una revisión al modelo estratégico del centro por medio del modelo CANVAS que se realizará en conjunto con los socios de CNA. Por último se realizará una evaluación financiera del proyecto tomando en cuenta los cambios a ser realizados dentro del centro. En base al análisis de los factores externos que afectan el negocio se concluyó que la industria presenta un alto potencial de rentabilidad. Además al comparar el centro con sus principales competidores se observa que la única desventaja del mismo es en cuanto a la escala del centro al ser comparado con los hospitales que compite. En cuanto a la estrategia de marketing perseguida por el centro es donde se encuentra la mayor necesidad de cambio, ya que la mayoría de pacientes actuales y sobre todo pacientes pertenecientes al mercado objetivo del centro, utilizan las plataformas electrónicas como su principal fuente de información en la búsqueda de centros asistenciales, lugar donde CNA no tiene presencia actual. También se observa que la instalación de un laboratorio de exámenes médicos potenciaría la propuesta de valor del centro y ayudaría a maximizar la rentabilidad del mismo. En base a los resultados de la evaluación financiera, se observa que la instalación del laboratorio clínico junto con el cambio en el enfoque de marketing de la empresa es positivo ya que produce un VAN positivo de US$739.376 guiado principalmente por una baja inversión requerida (US$31.390) y una maximización de la capacidad instalada actual (un paso de 10 locales rentados a 14 en 4 años y un incremento de 40 pacientes diarios a 50). En conclusión, se recomienda implementar el plan de negocios sugerido, comenzando por la instalación del laboratorio clínico y siguiendo con la digitalización de la estrategia de mercadeo de la empresa y siguiendo con el sistema de manejo de citas y expedientes del centro.

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12

Ahmed, Shamim. "Développement d’une méthodologie robuste d’inversion dédiée au CND par courants de Foucault". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS043/document.

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Ce travail de thèse porte sur l'étude et le développement de stratégies innovantes pour la résolution, basée sur l'utilisation de la simulation et de la théorie de l'apprentissage statistique, de problèmes inverses dans le domaine contrôle non destructif (CND) par méthodes électromagnétiques. L’approche générale adoptée consiste à estimer un ensemble des paramètres inconnus, constituant un sous-ensemble des paramètres décrivant le scénario de contrôle étudié. Dans les cas de CND, les trois applications classiquement visées sont la détection, la localisation et la caractérisation de défauts localisés dans le matériau inspecté. Ce travail concerne d’une part la localisation et la caractérisation des fissures et d’autre part l'estimation de certains paramètres de sonde difficiles à maîtriser ou inconnus. Dans la littérature, de nombreuses méthodes permettant de remonter aux paramètres inconnus ont été étudiées. Les approches d'optimisation standard sont basées sur la minimisation d'une fonction de coût, décrivant l'écart entre les mesures et les données simulées avec un solveur numérique. Les algorithmes les plus répandus se fondent sur des approches itératives déterministes ou stochastiques. Cette thèse considère le problème de l'estimation de paramètres inconnus dans une perspective d'apprentissage statistique/automatique. L’approche supervisée adoptée est connue sous le nom de d’apprentissage par l'exemple (LBE en anglais). Elle se compose d’une première phase, dite hors ligne, pendant laquelle un « modèle inverse » est construit sur la base de la connaissance d’un ensemble de couples entrée/sortie connu, appelé ensemble d’entraînement. Une fois la phase d’apprentissage terminée et le modèle généré, le modèle est utilisé dans une phase dite en ligne pour prédire des sorties inconnues (les paramètres d'intérêt) en fonction de nouvelles entrées (signaux CND mesurés appartenant à un second ensemble dit de test) en temps quasi-réel. Lorsqu’on considère des situations pratiques d'inspection, en raison du grand nombre de variables impliquées, la création d'un modèle précis et robuste n’est pas une tâche triviale (problème connu comme la malédiction de la dimensionnalité). Grâce à une étude approfondie et systématique, l’approche développée dans cette thèse a conduit à la mise en place de différentes solutions capables d’atteindre une bonne précision dans l’estimation des paramètres inversés tout en conservant de très bonnes performances en temps de calcul. Le schéma LBE proposé dans cette thèse a été testé avec succès sur un ensemble des cas réels, en utilisant à la fois des données synthétiques bruitées et des mesures expérimentales
The research activity of the PhD thesis focuses on the study and development of innovative strategies for the solution of inverse problems arising in the field of Non-Destructive Testing and Evaluation (NDT-NDE), based on the use of statistical learning theory. Generally speaking, the objective of the optimization stage is the retrieval of the unknown parameters within the studied electromagnetic scenario. In the case of NDT-NDE, the optimization problem, in terms of parameters to estimate, is divided into three stages, namely detection, localization and characterization. This work mainly addresses localization and characterization of crack(s) and/or estimation of probe(s) parameters. Unknown parameters, constituting a subset of the parameters set describing the electromagnetic scenario, are robustly estimated using several approaches. Standard optimization approaches are based on the minimization, by means of iterative approaches like stochastic and/or deterministic algorithms, of a cost function describing the discrepancy between measurements and prediction. This thesis considers the estimation problem in a machine learning perspective, adopting well known Learning-By-Example (LBE) paradigm. In a so-called offline phase, a surrogate inverse model is first fitted on a set of known input/output couples, generated through numerical simulations. Then, in a so-called online phase, the model predicts unknown outputs (the parameters of interest) based on new inputs (measured NDT signals) in quasi-real time. When considering practical inspection situations, due to the large number of variables involved (known as curse of dimensionality), obtaining an accurate and robust model is not a trivial task. This thesis carries out a deep and systematic study of different strategies and solutions to achieve simultaneously good accuracy and computational time efficiency in the parameters estimation. Moreover, a particular emphasis is put on the different approaches adopted for mitigating the curse of dimensionality issue. The proposed LBE schema has been tested with success on a wide set of practical problems, using both synthetic noisy data and experimental measurements

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13

Brolin, Samuel. "Change in ideology - The ideologial development of a rebel-to-party actor". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-402918.

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This thesis is a case study of CNDD-FDD, a former rebel group turned political party in Burundi. The analysis will take off in 1994 when the rebel group is established and concluded today in 2019 with CNDD-FDD being an increasingly authoritarian one-party ruler. This thesis adds to the recent resurgence of literature focused on ideology and how it is changed and reshaped in the post-conflict setting. The focus of the analysis is therefore how the ideology in CNDD-FDD changes over time. The analysis will use primary sources from the actor for capturing their ideology, together with secondary sources for creating context. The analysis uses a newly developed theoretical framework by Sindre (2018) consisting of two dimensions, a conflict cleavage dimension and a peacebuilding dimension, with the objective of capturing ideological change in CNDD-FDD as well as developing the framework. A negative shift on both dimensions are observed over time, and a new issue of openness is suggested to be added to the peacebuilding dimension.

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14

Najafi, Aghdam Esmaeil. "Nouvelles techniques d'appariement dynamique dans un CNA multibit pour les convertisseurs sigma-delta". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00278389.

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Les convertisseurs analogiques-numériques fondés sur le principe de la modulation §¢ sont capables de fonctionner à des résolutions très élevés. L'utilisation en interne d'un CAN et d'un CNA multibit permet de réduire le taux de suréchantillonnage, les contraintes imposées par les circuits actifs, amé- liore la stabilité de la boucle du modulateur, mais rend celui-ci très sensible aux imperfections des composants du convertisseur numérique analogique (CNA) interne situé dans le chemin de retour. Les erreurs statiques dues aux non idéalités des circuits constitutifs de ce CNA peuvent être corrigées au moyen de techniques d'appariement dynamique des composants (DEM). Ce travail de thèse est consacré entre autre à l'étude théorique de ces techniques de correction des défauts des cellules des CNA multibits. Après avoir rappelé le principe de la conversion §¢ d'une part, et les différentes sources d'erreurs dominantes dans le cas multibit d'autre part, les techniques d'appariement existantes sont analysées et comparées. Nous soulignons les avantages, les inconvénients, et les domaines d'applications préférentiels de chacune. Le coeur du travail consiste en la proposition de quatre nouvelles techniques d'appariement dynamique. Les deux premières dérivent de la méthode de la moyenne des données (DWA), l'une pour le cas passe-bas du premier ordre, l'autre dans le cas passe-bande du second ordre. Les deux dernières propositions (appelées MDEM et STDEM) dérivent des deux algorithmes de tri (SDEM) et d'arborescence (TDEM) : elles conviennent à une mise en forme des erreurs d'ordre élevé et sont destinées aux applications passe-bas et passe-bande de haute performance. Ces quatre méthodes proposées ont été mises en équation et leurs performances confirmées par diverses simulations. Une implantation des algorithmes MDEM et STDEM a été faite au niveau cellule standard jusqu'à l'étape finale de routage en technologie CMOS 0.35 ¹m. L'ensemble des résultats des simulations au niveau système et au niveau transistor conforme l'avantage des techniques développées dans ce travail en termes de surface occupée et aussi de fréquence maximale d'application, si on les compare avec les algorithmes conventionnels de SDEM. Dans une dernière partie, les erreurs dynamiques du CNA, en particulier l'effet de la gigue d'horloge, le glitch, la dissymétrie des temps de transition, l'injection de charge (CFT) et la métastabilité du quantificateur sont également analysés. A l'issue de ces réflexions, une nouvelle cellule de CNA incluant un bloc limitant la plage dynamique de la commande d'entrée (SRD) est proposée. Elle possède une structure de remise à zéro partielle (semi-RZ) qui permet de bénéficier à la fois de l'avantage de la cellule RZ et non RZ. De plus, l'effet du retard du bloc de DEM est compensé par une modification dans l'architecture convenant aux applications passe-bande haute fréquence.

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Bourdi, Taoufik. "Modélisation fréquentielle de la permittivité du béton pour le contrôle non destructif par géoradar". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6118.

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Le géoradar (Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)) constitue une technique de contrôle non destructif (CND) intéressante pour la mesure des épaisseurs des dalles de béton et la caractérisation des fractures, en raison de ses caractéristiques de résolution et de profondeur de pénétration. Les équipements géoradar sont de plus en plus faciles à utiliser et les logiciels d'interprétation sont en train de devenir plus aisément accessibles. Cependant, il est ressorti dans plusieurs conférences et ateliers sur l'application du géoradar en génie civil qu'il fallait poursuivre les recherches, en particulier sur la modélisation et les techniques de mesure des propriétés électriques du béton. En obtenant de meilleures informations sur les propriétés électriques du béton aux fréquences du géoradar, l'instrumentation et les techniques d'interprétation pourraient être perfectionnées plus efficacement. Le modèle de Jonscher est un modèle qui a montré son efficacité dans le domaine géophysique. Pour la première fois, son utilisation dans le domaine génie civil est présentée. Dans un premier temps, nous avons validé l'application du modèle de Jonscher pour la caractérisation de la permittivité diélectrique du béton. Les résultats ont montré clairement que ce modèle est capable de reproduire fidèlement la variation de la permittivité de différents types de béton sur la bande de fréquence géoradar (100 MHz-2 GHz). Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons montré l'intérêt du modèle de Jonscher en le comparant à d'autres modèles (Debye et Debye-étendu) déjà utilisés dans le domaine génie civil. Nous avons montré aussi comment le modèle de Jonscher peut présenter une aide à la prédiction de l'efficacité de blindage et à l'interprétation des ondes de la technique GPR. Il a été déterminé que le modèle de Jonscher permet de donner une bonne présentation de la variation de la permittivité du béton dans la gamme de fréquence géoradar considérée. De plus, cette modélisation est valable pour différents types de béton et à différentes teneurs en eau. Dans une dernière partie, nous avons présenté l'utilisation du modèle de Jonscher pour l'estimation de l'épaisseur d'une dalle de béton par la technique GPR dans le domaine fréquentiel.

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16

Biteye, Mamadou. "Outreach and Sustainability of Rural Financial Institutions in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Case Study of the CNCA-Senegal". Connect to resource, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1216048996.

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17

Yaacoubi, Slah. "Modélisation de la propagation ultrasonore guidée en vue de CND des câbles de précontrainte". Ecole Centrale de Nantes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ECDN0003.

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18

Bui, Huu Kien. "Contribution à la modélisation multiphysique des matériaux composites stratifié : application au CND thermo-inductifs". Nantes, 2014. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=61cbe9e0-41bc-4278-a974-e1bc8f8eb0c7.

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Grâce à leurs excellentes performances mécaniques, l'intérêt des composites à fibres de carbone n'a pas cessé de croître ces dernières décennies. Cependant, le développement à grande échelle de ces matériaux passe par une amélioration des procédés utilisés pendant les différentes étapes du cycle de vie (élaboration, formage, assemblage, contrôle, recyclage). À différents stades du cycle de vie du matériau, les méthodes de Contrôle Non Destructif (CND) permettent de caractériser l'état d'intégrité du matériau. Elles jouent un rôle indispensable dans le contrôle de la qualité et dans la gestion des risques. Le CND par thermographie inductive, basé sur les mesures de l'effet thermique des courants de Foucault dans le matériau, est une technique prometteuse pour ce type de matériau. Le développement de cette méthode et la conception de dispositifs nécessitent un outil de simulation multiphysique électromagnétique et thermique. Le développement d'un tel modèle se heurte aux problématiques de l'évaluation des courants induits dans des régions minces et fortement anisotropes. Les outils de simulation développés durant cette thèse permettent d'avoir des temps de calcul raisonnables tout en conservant des précisions acceptables sur les solutions numériques. Ces outils ont été validés par des comparaisons avec des essais expérimentaux et permettent ainsi d'évaluer précisément les performances de cette technique de CND
Thanks to their excellent mechanical performance, the use of carbon fiber composites has been growing in recent decades. However, the large-scale development of these materials depends on the improvements of the processes during the various stages of their whole life cycle (eg. Producing, forming, assembly, inspection, recycling). At various stages of the life cycle of the material, nondestructive testing (NDT) methods can be used to characterize the health state of the material. They play a vital role in the quality control and risk management. Induction thermography NDT based on the measurement of thermal effect of the eddy currents in the material is a promising technique for this type of material. The development of this method requires multiphysics electromagnetic – thermal modeling. The model must deal with some numerical issues of thin regions of strong anisotropy. The implemented simulation tools allow reasonable computational time while retaining the desirable accuracy of numerical solutions. They are validated by comparisons with experimental measures. These tools allow accurate assessment of the performance of induction thermography technique

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19

Zaoui, Abdelhalim. "Contribution à la modélisation du CND par matrice de capteurs à courants de Foucault". Nantes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NANT2073.

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Le contrôle non destructif par courants de Foucault est largement utilisé pour l’inspection des matériaux conducteurs. L’utilisation d’une matrice de capteurs assure le contrôle de grandes surfaces tout en minimisant les bruits dus au déplacement du capteur. D’autre part la miniaturisation des capteurs assure une bonne résolution spatiale. Dans le cas d’un fonctionnement en échantillonné, les techniques de modélisation sont les mêmes que celles utilisées pour un système mono capteur. Cependant, le fonctionnent en simultané des capteurs, bien qu’il garantisse un temps de réponse réduit, nécessite la mise en œuvre de nouvelles techniques de modélisation. Dans cette thèse, les techniques de modélisation du système mono capteur sont exploitées en vue de les généraliser au cas d’une configuration matricielle. Le principe de superposition est appliqué aux résultats de calcul par éléments finis 2D obtenus pour le cas du système mono capteur. La distribution tridimensionnelle du champ électromagnétique source est ainsi rapidement reconstituée. Une technique de perturbation est ensuite utilisée pour le calcul du champ de réaction. Cette dernière, en réduisant le domaine de calcul 3D au voisinage de la fissure, apporte un gain en temps de calcul et espace mémoire. Dans le but d’avoir un modèle rapide adapté à l’inversion itérative, le modèle de la fissure idéale basée sur les dyades de Green est généralisé au cas de la matrice de capteurs. Enfin, une inversion itérative par algorithmes génétiques est appliquée pour la reconstitution de la géométrie du défaut. Les modèles proposés sont validés par des calculs éléments finis 3D et par des mesures expérimentales
The non destructive eddy current testing is widely used in inspection of conductive materials. The use of arrayed sensors assures the control of wide surfaces and reduces the measurement noise due to the sensor displacement. On the other hand, the miniaturisation of sensors gives a best spatial resolution. In the case of sampled functioning, the modelling techniques are the same as those used for a single sensor. However, the simultaneous functioning of the sensors, while reducing the time response, requires the implementation of new modelling techniques. In this thesis, the models of single sensor system are exploited in the aim to be generalized for the case of arrayed configuration. The principle of superposition is applied to the results obtained for a single sensor system using the 2D finite element method. The 3D distribution of the electromagnetic source field is then rapidly reconstituted. A perturbation method is used in order to calculate the reaction field. This technique, when reducing the 3D computation domain to the region neighbouring the defect, brings a gain in time computing and space memory. With the aim of getting a fast direct model adapted to the iterative inversion, the ideal crack model based on the dyadic Green’s functions is generalized to the case of arrayed sensors. Finally, an inversion method using genetic algorithms is applied to reconstitute the defect geometry. The proposed models are then validated via 3D finite element computation and experimental measurements

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Bryne, P. "The Campaign for the Nuclear Disarmament in the eighties". Thesis, Loughborough University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235129.

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21

Fuchs, Nathalie. "Les transformations du militantisme d'origine maghrébine dans les cités : trois études de cas : le CNDP/MIB, l'AJS et l'EVEIL". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0019.

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Notre objet est d’étudier les différentes formes de militantisme des descendants Nord-africains issus des quartiers d’habitat social dans les années 1990 en région parisienne. Notre recherche se fonde sur trois organisations du champ militant issu de l’immigration, sélectionnées pour leurs traits communs et leurs manières différentes de se mobiliser. Leurs causes sont symptomatiques des transformations du militantisme dans les cités : allant de la conquête des droits et, de l’action sociale au retour au religieux. Cette analyse du militantisme s’inscrit dans une perspective diachronique et synchronique. Ce qui nous intéresse c’est de comprendre les processus multiples qui mènent à l’engagement et c’est la raison pour laquelle nous avons utilisé le concept de « carrière » emprunté aux interactionnistes pour mener cette analyse. Ainsi le parti pris de cette recherche a été de comprendre dans un premier temps pourquoi et comment cette population stigmatisée passe à l’action. Et dans un deuxième temps, pourquoi et comment elle s’engage dans telle structure et pas dans telle autre, et adopte divers modes d'action. Cette étude se place au niveau micro-sociologique en considérant les motivations individuelles qui incitent à s’engager dans l’action collective tout en tenant compte des contextes dans lesquels elle se déroule et des organisations en concurrence sur le marché de l’offre militante. Elle conduit à se demander s'il existe une spécificité de ce militantisme de cité. Cette réflexion s’appuie sur plusieurs approches sociologiques : elle s’inspire de la littérature sur l'immigration, les quartiers dits « sensibles » et les mouvements sociaux
Our purpose is to study the different forms of activism of the descendants of North Africans from the social housing areas in the 1990s in Paris. Our research is based on three militant organizations from the field of immigration, selected for their common features and ways to mobilize. Their cases are symptomatic of the transformation of activism in French suburbs: from the conquest of rights, and social action to return to religion. This analysis is part of a diachronic and synchronic perspective. What interests us is to understand the multiple processes that lead to commitment and that is why we used the concept of "career" borrowed interactionists to conduct this analysis. Thus the bias of this research was to understand at first why and how this population stigmatized spends in collective action. And second, why and how it engages in such a structure and not in another, and adopts various modes of activity. This study takes place at the micro-sociological considering the individual motivations that encourage committing in collective action while taking into account the contexts in which it takes place and organizations competing in the activism market. It raises the question whether there is a specificity of this activism from French suburbs. This reflection is based on several sociological approaches: it is based on the literature on immigration, French suburbs and social movements

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22

Mabi, Clément. "Le débat CNDP et ses publics à l'épreuve du numérique : entre espoirs d'inclusion et contournement de la critique sociale". Thesis, Compiègne, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014COMP2148/document.

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L'objectif de cette thèse est d'étudier les débats publics tels qu'organisés par la Commission Nationale du Débat Public (CNDP), et plus particulièrement les usages du numérique pour venir « équiper » les dispositifs participatifs mis en place. Le travail mené en Sciences de l'information et de la Communication (SIC) interroge le rôle de la configuration des dispositifs de médiation dans la constitution des publics. Il s'agit d'observer comment les choix techniques effectués pour organiser la discussion contribuent à la sélection des publics, dans la mesure où ils leur permettent plus ou moins d'exprimer le lien qui les relie à l'objet du débat. Nous parlerons de leur « concernement » pour qualifier ce lien. Pour mener à bien notre enquête, nous avons mis en place une méthodologie originale de comparaison des espaces « en ligne » et « hors ligne », mobilisée sur trois études de cas : le débat Ivry Paris-XIII sur la rénovation d'un incinérateur de déchets ménagers, celui sur le projet de Parc éolien en mer des Deux Côtes et enfin celui sur le projet CIGEO, le centre d'enfouissement des déchets nucléaires à Bure. L'enjeu de la thèse est de montrer qu'en fonction des situations, la méthodologie du débat public est plus ou moins mise à l'épreuve par l'objet débattu. Les usages du numérique diffèrent également : s'il est parfois porteur d’espoirs d'inclusion de nouveaux publics dans le débat, il peut également être utilisé pour contourner l'expression de la critique sociale. Dans ces derniers cas, nous montrerons comment une forme de « gouvernementalité numérique » contribue à mettre à distance les critiques les plus radicales pour que le débat puisse se tenir, malgré tout
The goal of this thesis is to study public debate as organized by the Commission of Public Debate (Commision Nationale du Débat Public – CNDP), and more specifically how they have employed digital solutions to “augment” the traditional channels of public participation. The manuscript is a work of Information and Communication Sciences and analyzes the role of the mediating technological devices, their configuration, and the public commons that they create. More precisely, we will discuss the technological choices that were made during the organization of the debate and to what degree these choices help or hinder the public to express their relationship and their point of view to the object of debate. Approaching the discussion in this manner will require an in depth understanding of the public’s line of concern and degree of investment. At the center of our investigation, we have designed a methodology that allows for the comparison of digital forums of debate to their traditional counterparts. This has been put into practice through three case studies : first, the debate Ivry Paris-XIII regarding the modernization of the municipality’s waste incinerator ; another on the wind farm in the “Mer des Deux Côtes” ; and finally, the debate concerning the project CIGEO, the landfill for nuclear waste in Bure, France. The main contribution of this thesis is to show that regardless of how the process is organized, the public debate depends more or less to the subject of debate. The medium through which the debate takes place shares the same quality : even if technological platforms for debate may sometime bring hope for a fair argumentation, it can just as easily be abused so as to mischaracterized the true nature of the public’s grievances. In these cases, we show how a form of digital governmentality will arise to expel the most radical ideas so that the debate can go on, nonetheless

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Poos, Francoise. "The making of a national audio-visual archive : the CNA and the 'Hidden Images' exhibition". Thesis, De Montfort University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/12429.

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This thesis explores the agency and practices of visual material in the construction of collective memory and national identity. It is grounded in the case study of one particular institution, the Centre national de l’audiovisuel (CNA) in Luxembourg, and in the institutional life and transformations of a specific body of images, Luxembourg’s Amateur Film Collection and the exhibition Hidden Images mounted in 2007. The CNA is Luxembourg’s central repository for film, photography and sound documents brought together under the rubric of ‘national heritage’. The amateur film archive comprises today about 10.000 objects from the 1920s to the mid 1970s. Made in Luxembourg or by people from Luxembourg, the movies, and even more so the film stills as a condensed version of the archive, represent the nation, yet as an ensemble they remain contained, making a close examination possible. I consider in this context that images are not however only indexical referents, but also, and especially, bundled objects existing materially in the world, entangled in a complex tissue of social interactions and practices, tensioned between document and art work and interwoven with shifting institutional aspirations. Drawing on the work of Ingold, I characterize this as a meshwork, in which everything is connected and visual objects evolve organically, subject to internal and external influences. Thus, this thesis observes the private family films as they meet and mesh with the public institution CNA where they develop new agency as historical documents, as works of art or triggers of collective memory. It explores the filmed material in relation to the national and institutional politics of the CNA’s emergence, the shifting culture of curatorial intention and ambition for the collection, the hierarchies of information within CNA. By making visible the lines, the connections and the nodes of this meshwork, as well as its patterns of disruption and fracture, this study highlights the varying interactions with Luxembourg’s Amateur Film Collection in particular, and, more generally, the performative nature of family photographs and films as they are used to construct images of nationality. The small scale of Luxembourg as a nation-state presents a demonstrable case study of the ecology of images in national identity building and makes an unusually grounded contribution to the wider debate about the ways in which images strengthen a sense of belonging, and how archives and museums use photography and film to construct and articulate visions of nationhood.

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Montero, Maria Júlia Alves Garcia. "Alfabetização de mulheres: a experiência da CNA-Nicarágua (1980) e do MOVA-SP (1989-1992)". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21386.

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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
The present work analyzes two alphabetization programs that took place in Latin America: National Literacy Crusade "Heroes and Martyrs for the Liberation of Nicaragua" (CNA), held in Nicaragua in 1980, and the Youth and Adult Alphabetization Movement of São Paulo (MOVA-SP), carried out between the years of 1989 and 1992, in São Paulo, both organized based on the ideas of Paulo Freire, counting also with his direct participation. We have studied how, and if, the theme of feminism appears in the official documents of both programs, and whether the presence of this theme in these documents is due to the existence or not of a movement - or organization - of women in the country with the vanguard character, as Marta Harnecker conceptualizes. The concepts of gender, patriarchy and sexual division of labor, coined by authors such as Heleieth Saffioti, Carole Pateman, Iris Young, Danièle Kergoat, among others, were the theoretical basis of the present study. The research was conducted through documentary analysis. We studied official documents (political-pedagogical project, booklets, among others) of the two programs and analyzed a) if the subject of gender relations appeared; b) whether this appearance reinforced or questioned patriarchal gender relations; c) how it appeared, whether directly, indirectly, and in what context. We were able to conclude that the Nicaraguan documents have a greater presence of the theme, and that this is due to a more organized and centralized women's movement that, unlike the São Paulo movement - then fragmented and with a predominantly institutionalized activism - directly influenced alphabetization in the country. We do not affirm this, however, without reservations, since in both programs feminism appears as a very specific "subject", which reveals a difficulty in dealing with the theme of feminism transversally and even a theoretical difficulty in relation to it
O presente trabalho analisa dois programas de alfabetização que ocorreram na América Latina: A Cruzada Nacional de Alfabetização “Heróis e Mártires pela Libertação da Nicarágua” (CNA), realizada em 1980 na Nicarágua, e o Movimento de Alfabetização de Jovens e Adultos de São Paulo (MOVA-SP), realizado entre os anos de 1989 e 1992, em São Paulo, ambos organizado com base nas ideias de Paulo Freire, contando inclusive com sua participação direta. Estudamos como, e se, o tema do feminismo aparece nos documentos oficiais de ambos os programas, e se a presença ou não deste tema em ditos documentos deve-se à existência ou não de um movimento - ou uma organização - de mulheres no país com o caráter de vanguarda, como conceitua Marta Harnecker. Tivemos como base teórica do presente trabalho os conceitos de gênero, patriarcado e divisão sexual do trabalho, cunhados, respectivamente, por autoras como Heleieth Saffioti, Carole Pateman, Iris Young, Danièle Kergoat, entre outras. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio da análise documental. Estudamos documentos oficiais (projeto político-pedagógico, cartilhas, entre outros) dos dois programas, e analisamos a) se o tema das relações de gênero aparecia; b) se essa aparição reforçava ou questionava as relações patriarcais de gênero; c) como ele aparecia, se de forma direta, indireta, e em que contexto. Pudemos concluir que os documentos nicaraguenses têm uma presença maior do tema, e que isso se deve a um movimento de mulheres mais organizado e centralizado que, ao contrário do movimento paulistano - então fragmentado e com uma atuação majoritariamente institucionalizada -, influenciou diretamente a alfabetização no país. Não afirmamos isso, no entanto, sem ressalvas, uma vez que em ambos os programas o feminismo aparece como um “tema” bem específico, o que revela uma dificuldade de transversalização do feminismo e mesmo uma dificuldade teórica com relação a ele

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Silva, Gilmara Pereira da [UNESP]. "Acurácia da diagnose da composição nutricional (CND) para diagnóstico de fósforo em cana-de-açúcar". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/144629.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Apesar da utilização do método da Diagnose da Composição Nutricional (CND) para a interpretação do estado nutricional de diversas culturas, especialmente da cana-de-açúcar, muitos fatores ainda precisam ser mais bem estudados, como os critérios de escolha das populações de referência e estudos para validar os critérios de interpretação dos índices nutricionais a partir da acurácia dos diagnósticos nutricionais. Objetivou-se avaliar medidas de acurácia sob diferentes populações de referência e fatores de ajuste na interpretação de índices nutricionais do método CND para diagnóstico nutricional do fósforo em cana-de-açúcar. Para os estudos, utilizaram-se dados coletados em cinco áreas experimentais cultivadas com cana-de-açúcar do primeiro ciclo (safra 2013), localizadas em três municípios do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. As variedades de cana-de-açúcar cultivadas foram a CTC 15 e RB 855453. Para gerar o banco de dados, foi considerado o fatorial 3x4x2x2, sendo três fontes de fósforo (superfosfato triplo, fosfato natural de Araxá, fosfato natural reativo Bayóvar ou fosfato natural reativo Gafsa), quatro doses de P2O5 (0; 90; 180 e 360 kg ha-1 de P2O5 solúvel em ácido cítrico a 2%); na ausência e na presença de torta de filtro decomposta na dose de 7,5 t ha-1, em base seca (equivalente a 15 t ha-1, em base úmida) e duas épocas de amostragem foliar (4 e 8 meses após a brotação), em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições por tratamento. Obteve-se o banco de dados a partir da produtividade de colmos e dos teores foliares de N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn para a cana-de-açúcar, perfazendo um total de 720 amostras. No estudo I, foi determinado o Índice de Balanço Nutricional médio (IBNm), o índice CND e a produtividade; o grau de concordância entre as normas e a acurácia dos diagnósticos nutricionais para P. Com base nas populações de referência avaliadas, não foi possível definir o melhor conjunto de normas a partir dos critérios do grau de concordância ou pela análise da dispersão entre a produtividade e os índices IBNm e CND. A análise da acurácia dos diagnósticos nutricionais para o fósforo identificou baixo desempenho de todos os conjuntos de normas CND, porém com melhor desempenho das normas derivadas de populações de referência de maior amplitude quanto à produtividade de colmos. No estudo II, a interpretação dos índices CND foi realizada pelo critério do Potencial de Resposta da Planta à Adubação (PRA), com a introdução da variável f, e foi determinada a acurácia, considerando como diagnóstico insuficiente quando a adição de P resultou em aumento acima de 5; 10; 15; 20; 25; 30; 35 e 40% de produtividade entre a situação-controle e a situação-resposta. O uso do fator f=0 no ajuste do IBNm permite a obtenção dos maiores incrementos ou menores perdas de produtividade de colmo da cana-de-açúcar, que corresponde ao abandono da intepretação dos índices nutricionais pelo critério do PRA. O método CND é eficiente na avaliação do estado nutricional de plantas, quando se utilizam como referência aumentos de produtividade de colmo acima de 35 e 40% entre a situação-controle e a situação-resposta com a aplicação de P na forma de superfosfato triplo em cana-de-açúcar.
Despite use of the Compositional Nutrient Diagnosis (CND) method for interpretation of the nutritional status of various crops, especially sugarcane, many factors still need to be better studied including the criteria for selection of reference populations, as well as studies to validate the interpretation criteria of nutritional indices from accuracy of the nutritional diagnosis. This study sought to evaluate accuracy measures in different reference populations and adjustment factors in the interpretation of nutritional indices of the CND method for nutritional diagnosis of phosphorus in sugarcane. For the studies, data was used as collected from five experimental areas cultivated with sugarcane in the first cycle (safra 2013), located in three municipalities in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The sugarcane varieties cultivated were CTC 15 and RB 855453. To generate the database, the 3x4x2x2 factorial was considered with three phosphorus sources (triple superphosphate, Araxá rock phosphate, Bayóvar reactive phosphate rock or Gafsa reactive phosphate rock), four doses of P2O5 (0, 90, 180 and 360 kg ha-1 P2O5 soluble in 2% citric acid), in the absence and presence of decomposed filter cake at a dose of 7.5 t ha-1 dry basis (equivalent to 15 t ha-1 wet basis) and two leaf sampling periods (4 and 8 months after budding), in a randomized block experimental design with three replicates per treatment. A database was obtained from the values of stalk yield and foliar N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn for the sugarcane, for a total 720 samples. In study I the variables determined were the mean Nutritional Balance Index (NBIm), the CND index and productivity, the degree of agreement between the standards and the nutritional diagnosis accuracy for P. Based on the assessed reference populations, it was not possible to define the best set of standards from the criteria of the degree of agreement or by dispersion analysis of productivity and the NBIm and CND indices. The accuracy analysis of the nutritional diagnosis for phosphorus identified underperforming of all CND standard datasets, but with better performance of standards derived from reference populations of greater amplitude with regards to sugarcane yield. In Study II the interpretation of CND indices was performed using the Fertilization Response Potential (FRP), with introduction of the variable f and determination of accuracy, considering the diagnosis insufficient when the addition of P resulted in increases exceeding 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40% of productivity between the control and response situations. Use of the factor f=0 in adjust of the NBIm allowed for acquiring greater increases or smaller losses of sugarcane stalk productivity, which corresponds to abandonment of interpretation of the nutritional indices at the discretion of the FRP. The CND method is effective in assessing the nutritional status of plants when using as a reference the productivity increases of stalks above 35 and 40% between the control and response situations to the application of P to sugarcane in the form of triple superphosphate.

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Silva, Gilmara Pereira da. "Acurácia da diagnose da composição nutricional (CND) para diagnóstico de fósforo em cana-de-açúcar /". Jaboticabal, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/144629.

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Orientador: Renato de Mello Prado
Coorientador: Paulo Guilherme Salvador Wadt
Banca: Cássio Hamilton Abreu Junior
Banca: Anelisa de Aquino Vidal Lacerda Soares
Banca: Wanderley José de Melo
Banca: Manoel Evaristo Ferreira
Resumo: Apesar da utilização do método da Diagnose da Composição Nutricional (CND) para a interpretação do estado nutricional de diversas culturas, especialmente da cana-de-açúcar, muitos fatores ainda precisam ser mais bem estudados, como os critérios de escolha das populações de referência e estudos para validar os critérios de interpretação dos índices nutricionais a partir da acurácia dos diagnósticos nutricionais. Objetivou-se avaliar medidas de acurácia sob diferentes populações de referência e fatores de ajuste na interpretação de índices nutricionais do método CND para diagnóstico nutricional do fósforo em cana-de-açúcar. Para os estudos, utilizaram-se dados coletados em cinco áreas experimentais cultivadas com cana-de-açúcar do primeiro ciclo (safra 2013), localizadas em três municípios do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. As variedades de cana-de-açúcar cultivadas foram a CTC 15 e RB 855453. Para gerar o banco de dados, foi considerado o fatorial 3x4x2x2, sendo três fontes de fósforo (superfosfato triplo, fosfato natural de Araxá, fosfato natural reativo Bayóvar ou fosfato natural reativo Gafsa), quatro doses de P2O5 (0; 90; 180 e 360 kg ha-1 de P2O5 solúvel em ácido cítrico a 2%); na ausência e na presença de torta de filtro decomposta na dose de 7,5 t ha-1, em base seca (equivalente a 15 t ha-1, em base úmida) e duas épocas de amostragem foliar (4 e 8 meses após a brotação), em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições por tratamento. Obteve-se o banco ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Despite use of the Compositional Nutrient Diagnosis (CND) method for interpretation of the nutritional status of various crops, especially sugarcane, many factors still need to be better studied including the criteria for selection of reference populations, as well as studies to validate the interpretation criteria of nutritional indices from accuracy of the nutritional diagnosis. This study sought to evaluate accuracy measures in different reference populations and adjustment factors in the interpretation of nutritional indices of the CND method for nutritional diagnosis of phosphorus in sugarcane. For the studies, data was used as collected from five experimental areas cultivated with sugarcane in the first cycle (safra 2013), located in three municipalities in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The sugarcane varieties cultivated were CTC 15 and RB 855453. To generate the database, the 3x4x2x2 factorial was considered with three phosphorus sources (triple superphosphate, Araxá rock phosphate, Bayóvar reactive phosphate rock or Gafsa reactive phosphate rock), four doses of P2O5 (0, 90, 180 and 360 kg ha-1 P2O5 soluble in 2% citric acid), in the absence and presence of decomposed filter cake at a dose of 7.5 t ha-1 dry basis (equivalent to 15 t ha-1 wet basis) and two leaf sampling periods (4 and 8 months after budding), in a randomized block experimental design with three replicates per treatment. A database was obtained from the values of stalk yield and foliar N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn for the sugarcane, for a total 720 samples. In study I the variables determined were the mean Nutritional Balance Index (NBIm), the CND index and productivity, the degree of agreement between the standards and the nutritional diagnosis accuracy for P. Based on the assessed reference populations, it was not possible to define the best set of standards from ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Barros, Thaís Chagas. "Métodos nível crítico, dris e cnd validados na qualidade de mudas clonais de Eucalyptus spp". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/154477.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O desenvolvimento de mudas de Eucalyptus spp. aferido por índices de qualidade ou de acúmulo de matéria seca depende do estado nutricional adequado. No entanto, a qualidade dos métodos para interpretação do estado nutricional de mudas clonais de eucalipto ainda não é conhecida. Objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade dos diagnósticos obtidos pelos métodos do nível crítico (NC), sistema integrado de diagnose e recomendação (DRIS) e composição da diagnose nutricional (CND) na avaliação do estado nutricional de mudas de Eucalyptus spp., frente a dois diferentes indicadores de produção. O banco de dados foi obtido de viveiros comerciais e de experimentos de calibração, tendo sete nutrientes (N, P, K, Mg, Ca, B e Fe) e quatro concentrações por nutriente, dispostos em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. O clone de Eucalyptus spp. utilizado nos experimentos foi o AEC 0144. As mudas da área experimental e dos viveiros comerciais totalizaram 222 mudas, nas quais, foram determinados os teores foliares dos nutrientes, a massa seca de planta inteira (MS) e calculado o Índice de Qualidade de Dickson (IQD). Nas parcelas experimentais realizou-se a acurácia dos diagnósticos, a partir da comparação do diagnóstico com a resposta da planta em função da adição do nutriente correspondente. Cinco medidas de acurácia foram usadas para testar a eficiência dos métodos diagnósticos: acurácia total, acurácia para deficiência e suficiência, razão de deficiência e razão de eficiência, e o incremento líquido na MS e no IQD. O desempenho dos métodos diagnósticos variou entre os métodos NC, DRIS e CND, como também entre os nutrientes estudados. Dado que o sistema de produção de mudas é, em grande parte, um sistema mais controlado e onde as variações ambientais são mínimas, e considerando que os diferentes métodos diagnósticos apresentaram desempenho distinto em relação a avaliação do verdadeiro estado nutricional das mudas de eucalipto, o método do NC deve ser o mais indicado para essa situação, seja pelo seu melhor desempenho em avaliar o estado nutricional para a maioria dos nutrientes, seja pela facilidade de sua implementação.
The efficiency of methods in adequately interpreting the nutritional status of Eucalyptus spp. clonal seedlings remains unknown. The aim was to evaluate the quality of diagnoses obtained using the critical level (CL), diagnosis and recommendation integrated system (DRIS) and compositional nutrient diagnosis (CND) methods to assess the nutritional status of Eucalyptus spp. seedlings, based on two different yield indicators. The data were obtained from commercial nursery and calibration experiments, using seven nutrients as treatments (N, P, K, Mg, Ca, B and Fe) and four concentrations per nutrient, arranged in randomized blocks, with four repetitions. The Eucalyptus spp. clone used in the experiments was AEC 0144. A total of 222 seedlings were obtained from the experimental area and commercial nurseries and the following were determined: leaf nutrient content, whole plant dry matter (DM) content and the Dickson quality index (DQI). Diagnostic accuracy in the experimental plots was ascertained by comparing the diagnosis with plant response as a function of adding the corresponding nutrient. Five measures of accuracy were used to test the efficiency of the diagnostic methods: total accuracy, accuracy for deficiency and sufficiency, deficiency ratio, efficiency ratio, and the net increase in in DM and DQI. The performance of diagnostic methods varied between CL, DRIS and CND, and among the nutrients studied. Given that the seedling production system is largely more controlled, where environmental variations are minimal, and considering that the different diagnostic methods exhibited distinct performance in terms of assessing the true nutritional status of eucalyptus seedlings, the CL method is the most indicated for this situation, due to its better performance in evaluating the nutritional status of most nutrients and easy implementation.

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Ait, Saadi Bachir. "Configuration des dislocations dans l'acier z3 cnd 17-12 apres fatigue : correlation au comportement mecanique". Poitiers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988POIT2259.

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Etude du comportement en fatigue plastique de l'acier inoxydable austenitique 316l fatigue sous vide a 20, 300 et 600c dans une gamme de deformations plastiques imposees. Analyse par microscopie electronique en transmission des sous-structures a20 et 600c, les microstructures sont constituees de bandes de glissement persistantes, de murs-canaux des labyrinthes et des structures en echelle evoluant vers la structure cellulaire. A300c, une structure de contraste en cotes de velours est observee. Cette structure est fonction de la deformation plastique et provoque un durcissement cyclique secondaire. Presentation de modeles de formation et d'evolution de microstructures de fatigue

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Ait, Saadi Bachir. "Configuration des dislocations dans l'acier Z3 CND 17-12 après fatigue corrélation au comportement mécanique /". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376110809.

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Webb, Howarlene Sabrina. "Testing of an intervention to decrease certified nursing assistant (CNA) turnover in a nursing home /". View online ; access limited to URI, 2003. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/dlnow/3115642.

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Gillespie, Stephanie Marie 1958. "Reliability and validity of the Clinical Neurologic Assessment (CNA) Tool in children with head trauma". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278494.

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The Clinical Neurologic Assessment (CNA) Tool is a 21 item instrument designed to assess subtle neurologic changes that often accompany head trauma. This descriptive study was designed to test the reliability and validity of the CNA in children with head trauma. Interrater reliability of the CNA was assessed by determining Cohen's Kappa values for each item. Kappa values ranged from .74 to 1.00. Internal consistency of the CNA was assessed using Cronbach's alpha. The total CNA alpha was estimated to be .98 with subscale alphas ranging from .89 to .96. Concurrent and construct validity of the CNA were also assessed. Concurrent validity was estimated by determining Pearson's Product-Moment Correlation Coefficients for the CNA and the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) (r = .93; p = .001). Pearson's correlation coefficients were also estimated based on severity of head trauma (r = .57 to .74; p ≤ .017) and the age of the subject (r = .89 to .99; p ≤ .001). Construct validity was assessed using exploratory factor analysis which demonstrated a three factor solution. These factors reflected the following: a general overview of the level of consciousness, overall body and extremity position and movement, and muscle tone of the extremities.

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Clausse, Bastien. "Modélisation des traducteurs électromagnétiques acoustiques (EMAT) pour le contrôle non-destructif (CND) de milieux ferromagnétiques". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLX011/document.

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Un traducteur électromagnétique acoustique (EMAT) induit sans contact des sources dynamiques responsables du rayonnement ultrasonore transmis dans une pièce pour son contrôle non-destructif (CND).Un modèle de sources de transduction induites par EMAT en milieux ferromagnétiques est développé. Il prend en compte des courbes anhystérétiques d’aimantation et de déformation de magnétostriction prédites par une approche multi-échelle simplifiée, et dérive formellement les tenseurs des contraintes électromagnétiques et magnétostrictives adaptés à la formulation des sources électromagnéto-élastiques induites par EMAT dans une très large gamme de configurations d’inspection.Pour simuler efficacement le rayonnement ultrasonore de sources volumiques en utilisant les modèles semi-analytiques du logiciel CIVA, une méthode capable de les transformer en contraintes surfaciques équivalentes est développée. Ainsi, le modèle formule une source de contraintes surfaciques décrivant l’ensemble des phénomènes de transduction impliqués par EMAT en milieux magnétiques. Ce modèle permet de quantifier le poids relatif de chaque source de transduction, d’illustrer l’influence de la prise en compte des lois magnéto-élastiques anhystérétiques, et de mettre en évidence les variations des sources avec un état de contraintes mécaniques. Il est appliqué dans une configuration EMAT donnée pour illustrer l’apport des outils mis en place dans la conception d’EMAT pour le CND, et ses prédictions sont comparées avec succès à des résultats de mesure
An electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) induces without contact dynamic sources in a ferromagnetic material which radiate ultrasonic waves used for its nondestructive evaluation (NDE).Taking account of the anhysteretic magnetic and magnetostrictive constitutive laws predicted by a simplified multiscale approach, the transduction model derives the electro-magnetic and magnetostrictive stresses tensors, well-fitted for the definition of electromagnetic and magnetostrictive sources induced by EMAT, irrespective of the piece geometry, of the material properties and of the transducer design.To efficiently predict ultrasonic field radiation with the CIVA platform, a method to transform body sources into equivalent surface stresses is developed. As a result, an equivalent surface source is derived to accurately depict all the transduction processes induced by EMAT in nonlinear magnetic material. The model is used to quantify the weight of each transduction mecanism, to illustrate effects of nonlinear magnetoelastic behaviors of materials, to enlighten the impact of elastic residual stresses on transduction sources. It is applied in a given EMAT NDE configuration to illustrate how the developed tools can help optimizing EMAT design, and its predictions are succesfully compared to experimental measurements

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Gatley, David Alan. "The influence of social-class origins on the choice of course, career preferences, and entry to employment of CNAA graduates". Thesis, Staffordshire University, 1988. http://eprints.staffs.ac.uk/2602/.

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The aim of the thesis is to explore the social-class origins and destinations of CNAA graduates. The thesis begins with a discussion of social class, its meaning and conceptualization, and social-class schemas are devised for analysing the origins and destinations of graduates. Social class, however, is defined in a broad sense to include the dimensions of gender and ethnicity. Polytechnics and colleges are shown to have a higher proportion of working-class and black students than the universities. But despite their commitment to expanding educational opportunities public sector institutions remain socially exclusive in so far as they draw the bulk of their students from more middle-class backgrounds. Likewise, although public sector institutions appear to have expanded opportunities for women, female students are found to be concentrated in a limited number of courses. The career destinations of graduates are examined next. Significant differences were found relating to social-class or1g1ns with a tendency for men from manual backgrounds, women and black graduates to enter lower-status occupations. These differences appear only partly to arise from differences in career aspirations. It is suggested that black and women graduates may be subject to some discrimination. Significant differences are found in the destinations of graduates according to their courses of study, and once allowance is made for this, the existing relationship between the social-class origins and destinations of graduates becomes much less marked. An attempt is made to explain the relationship between the social-class or1g1ns and destinations of graduates and their courses of study using the models of contest and sponsored mobility devised by Turner. Using a four-fold categorization of school curriculums, it was shown that those graduates who had undertaken a 'utilitarian' school curriculum were constrained as regards their choice of course, whilst those who had undertaken an 'academic' curriculum and had been sponsored through secondary education enjoyed a greater choice of degree subject. Graduates from working-class or1g1ns were found to be more likely than their middle-class peers to have undertaken a 'utilitarian' curriculum.

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Verot, Sabine. "Mouvements moléculaires dans des polyaryls para-substitués de type PEK, PEEK, PEEKK : approches par CNDO-2, IRTF et spectrométrie diélectrique". Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10079.

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Cette recherche est sous-tendue par une motivation essentielle: l'analyse de la mobilite structurale d'unites moleculaires telles que le diphenyl ether (dpe) et la diphenyl cetone (dpc) qui constituent le squelette de divers polymeres aromatiques a chaines lineaires tels que le poly(aryl ether ketone) (pek), le poly(aryl ether ether ketone) (peek) et le poly(aryl ether ether ketone ketone) (peekk) employes comme matrices thermoplastiques des materiaux composites technologiquement de pointe. Notre objectif est d'etendre l'etude de ces mouvements unitaires a des segments plus longs afin d'apprehender et de mieux comprendre les mecanismes moleculaires qui sont a l'origine des relaxations sous-vitreuses des polymeres polyaryles a ponts etheres et/ou cetoniques. Les diverses approches ont ete souvent d'ordre phenomenologique avec tentatives d'explications recherchees au niveau moleculaire. Certains auteurs ont recemment essaye d'apprehender cette mobilite de chaine en faisant appel aux calculs numeriques grace a diverses methodes de chimie quantique et/ou de mecanique moleculaire. Aujourd'hui, la grande difficulte est de faire coincider, ou mieux, de bien correler les resultats issus de l'experience et de la theorie. Pour notre part, nous avons tente d'allier les deux types d'approches en effectuant de nombreux calculs conformationnels, en faisant appel a la spectrophotometrie infrarouge a transformee de fourier et a la spectrometrie dielectrique. Nous devons preciser que nous avons synthetise nos propres polymeres afin de nous permettre de realiser nos experiences sur des composes dits purs. La premiere partie de ce memoire est donc consacree, sur le plan theorique, a une etude systematique des structures conformationnelles et des mouvements des unites moleculaires (dpe, dpc et leurs derives hydroxyles). Ces resultats seront etendus a la mobilite de segments de chaines macromoleculaires constitues de chainons benzeniques relies par un oxygene ou un carbonyle. Une etude bibliographique approfondie sur cette approche theorique est le prelude a nos propres investigations menees grace a des methodes de calcul de chimie quantique (cndo/2, cndo/2 modifie, ab initio) la seconde partie du memoire a trait a l'approche experimentale des phenomenes. Auparavant, la synthese de nos polymeres s'est averee indispensable pour mener a bien diverses etudes originales. En effet, nous proposons, pour la premiere fois, des analyses fines de spectres irtf realises a tres basse temperature. Une comparaison avec des spectres realises a plus haute temperature est proposee (la zone de travail peut s'etendre de -160c a +140c). Par ailleurs, ces resultats sont completes par une etude en spectrometrie dielectrique qui met en lumiere une nouvelle approche des relaxations sous-vitreuses des polymeres polyaryles a pontages etheres et carbonyles. Notre contribution dans ce domaine apparait dans une conclusion generale presentee sous la forme d'un bilan de nos investigations, de nos resultats et de nos hypotheses

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Floquet, Jimmy. "Développement de mesures non destructives, par ondes ultrasonores, d'épaisseurs de fronts de solidification dans les réacteurs métallurgiques". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6176.

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Dans les cuves d'électrolyse d'aluminium, le milieu de réaction très corrosif attaque les parois de la cuve, ce qui diminue leur durée de vie et augmente les coûts de production. Le talus, qui se forme sous l'effet des pertes de chaleur qui maintiennent un équilibre thermique dans la cuve, sert de protection naturelle à la cuve. Son épaisseur doit être contrôlée pour maximiser cet effet. Advenant la résorption non voulue de ce talus, les dégâts générés peuvent s'évaluer à plusieurs centaines de milliers de dollars par cuve. Aussi, l'objectif est de développer une mesure ultrasonore de l'épaisseur du talus, car elle serait non intrusive et non destructive. La précision attendue est de l'ordre du centimètre pour des mesures d'épaisseurs comprenant 2 matériaux, allant de 5 à 20 cm. Cette précision est le facteur clé permettant aux industriels de contrôler l'épaisseur du talus de manière efficace (maximiser la protection des parois tout en maximisant l'efficacité énergétique du procédé), par l'ajout d'un flux thermique. Cependant, l'efficacité d'une mesure ultrasonore dans cet environnement hostile reste à démontrer. Les travaux préliminaires ont permis de sélectionner un transducteur ultrasonore à contact ayant la capacité à résister aux conditions de mesure (hautes températures, matériaux non caractérisés...). Différentes mesures à froid (traité par analyse temps-fréquence) ont permis d'évaluer la vitesse de propagation des ondes dans le matériau de la cuve en graphite et de la cryolite, démontrant la possibilité d'extraire l'information pertinente d'épaisseur du talus in fine. Fort de cette phase de caractérisation des matériaux sur la réponse acoustique des matériaux, les travaux à venir ont été réalisés sur un modèle réduit de la cuve. Le montage expérimental, un four évoluant à 1050 °C, instrumenté d'une multitude de capteurs thermique, permettra une comparaison de la mesure intrusive LVDT à celle du transducteur, dans des conditions proches de la mesure industrielle.

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Finn, Garlina. "The Role of Empathy in Nursing Assistant Retention". ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5189.

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It is estimated that by 2020 there will be 2.8 million long-term care beds in residential facilities, staffed primarily with nursing assistants as the front-line care providers. The American Healthcare Association 2012 staffing survey showed that the median annual turnover rate for nursing assistants in the United States is 51.5%. High rates of turnover are associated not only with poorer quality of care but also with increased costs for facilities. The purpose of this project was to understand characteristics that are associated with long-term employment in the nursing assistant role by describing the personality characteristic of empathy in the nursing assistant population with career longevity. The practice-focused question focused on the level of empathy among nursing assistants in long-term care who have been in their role 3 years or longer. The purposive sample group included 60 nursing assistants from 10 long-term care facilities in New Jersey. Data were collected using the Interpersonal Reactivity Index instrument, which comprises 4, 7-item subscales that consider aspects of the global concept of empathy. The overall findings of this study did not establish a significant relationship between empathy and retention; however, notable shifts in the empathy subscale scores of participants related to gender and length of tenure were noted. The results of this study could promote positive social change by helping administrators select nursing assistants suited to working in long-term care facilities, which may result in lower turnover and improved patient outcomes among the population in long-term care.

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Ferreira, Rosilda Maria Borges. "CND - Curso Normal Nível Médio a Distância - uma alternativa para a formação dos professores em exercício". Florianópolis, SC, 2001. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/79997.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção.
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Coutrot, Anne-Lise. "Etude du procédé de fabrication de microbobines par micromoulage pour des applications en IRM et CND". Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066075.

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Moustafa, Moustafa Bayoumi. "Molecular adaptations of cardiac and skeletal muscles to endurance training in a canine model of sudden death". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1133375886.

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40

Corti, Mattia. "Controlli non distruttivi dei giunti saldati: Normative di pertinenza e considerazioni operative, con particolare riferimento al metodo dei liquidi penetranti". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/7548/.

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41

Bryant, Olalya Ayanna. "Employee Turnover in the Long-Term Care Industry". ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3389.

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Employee turnover costs long-term care facilities billions of dollars on an annual basis. The purpose of this correlational study was to examine the relationships between employee turnover intention of certified nursing assistants (CNAs) in the long-term care industry and employee compensation, engagement, job satisfaction, motivation, and work environment. The predictor variables were employee compensation, engagement, job satisfaction, motivation, and work environment. The criterion variable was employee turnover intention. The population of interest consisted of CNAs who were residents of Florida, over the age of 18 years, and employed in the long-term care industry. The theoretical framework that grounded this study was the motivational-hygiene theory. For this study, a sample of 157 participants completed an electronic survey. Multiple linear regression analyses predicted the dependent variables, R-² = .34, F(5, 151) = 15.22, p < .0001. The multiple regression model with 4 of the 5 predictors accounted for significantly more variance in turnover intention than would be expected by chance. Correlation tests resulted in statistically significant inverse relationships between employee turnover intention and employee compensation, engagement, job satisfaction, and work environment. The negative correlation observed between motivation and turnover intention was not statistically significant. The findings in this study may contribute to positive social change by reducing turnover intention while improving the quality of care and reducing costs of care that affect the lives of the long-term care residents, concerned family members, and significant others.

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42

Moreno, Henriquez Paola Andrea. "Participación en la formulación de políticas culturales. El Caso del Consejo Nacional de la Cultura y las Artes (CNCA) durante 2011-2016". Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2013. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/114669.

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En Chile el proceso de elaboración y definición de políticas públicas se concentra usualmente en los Ministros de Estado quienes tienen alta responsabilidad en su diseño e implementación. En este contexto, se genera una innovación institucional con la creación en 2003 de una figura pluripersonal responsable de la elaboración y definición de políticas, el Consejo Nacional de la Cultura y las Artes (CNCA), que incorpora en su estructura decisional la participación de la sociedad civil. La relevancia radica en que existe una diversidad de actores que deben relacionarse en la lógica de arreglos más colaborativos, comportamiento, que se aleja de la burocracia tradicional, que tiende hacer más impositiva centrada en el Estado como único actor. En esta nueva institucionalidad cultural, se consagra un primer período fundacional y por el lanzamiento de las primeras políticas culturales período 2005-2010. En el año 2010 tiene lugar el segundo proceso de definición de políticas culturales, con la Política Cultural 2011-2016. En el marco de esta trayectoria es que el objetivo de la investigación es analizar los instrumentos de participación en el proceso de formulación de políticas públicas culturales 2011- 2016, identificando si hay cambios en los mecanismos institucionales y normativos que aplica el Estado para implementar los principios orientadores de las políticas culturales en Chile, además de establecer sus actores y procedimientos. El estudio de caso es de tipo exploratorio descriptivo, con uso de metodología cualitativa, mediante el análisis de contenido en base al marco conceptual, de documentación secundaria institucional. La relevancia de esta investigación radica en el aporte empírico y analítico de la participación en las políticas culturales, área que cuenta con escasos estudios sobre el caso chileno. Del análisis realizado se concluye: Primero el cambio de signo político del gobierno de turno impacta en la orientación de las políticas en cultura, con menor participación en el gobierno de centroderecha y un esfuerzo por volver a la institucionalidad ministerial tradicional, visión que se condice con un modelo de políticas pública, de arriba hacia abajo . Postura que difiere de los grupos focales quienes entienden la participación como el mejor y único mecanismo para construir, ejecutar y evaluar la política cultural. Abogando por la transformación de ésta en políticas y acciones desde abajo hacia arriba , siendo el tema de la descentralización muy fuerte. Segundo, se evidencia un desempeño limitado de la participación de la sociedad civil en el Directorio, sea por la existencia de fuertes resistencias administrativas, por el debilitamiento de los Consejeros, en términos de ejercer sus derechos a participar en el espacio generado para ello o bien por que las decisiones a abordar escapan a la competencia real que tienen, pudiéndose avanzar tanto el fortalecimiento de la participación como en la generación de mecanismos que promuevan una mayor apertura de la Administración permitiendo así la ampliación de lo público, incorporando al ciudadano no organizado, creando una red más abierta y plural, aumentando el carácter democrático de la relación Estado-Sociedad Civil. Por lo tanto el comportamiento que adopta la participación en la formulación de políticas públicas culturales 2011- 2016 nos lleva a concluir que se responde más bien a un enfoque de arriba hacia abajo , ya que el aparato estatal convoca a distintos agentes, pero para un objetivo concreto rescatar insumo para el Borrador de Políticas culturales 2011-2016, esta idea se refuerza aún más con la configuración de la red, que está constituida en gran parte por expertos, técnicos y la comunidad artística, cultural.

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43

Khebbab, Mohamed. "Contribution à l'étude du CND par Courants de Foucault de matériaux hétérogènes faiblement conducteurs à base d'éléments finis". Thesis, Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT4056/document.

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Le travail de cette thèse consiste en l’investigation de techniques de caractérisation et de contrôle électromagnétique de pièces en matériaux composites, en particulier les composites unidirectionnels à fibres de carbone (CFRP : Carbon Fibers Reinforced Polymer). Deux modèles sont alors développés. Le premier modèle qui est destiné à la caractérisation de la conductivité électrique transverse du CFRP est basé sur la percolation par réseau de résistances. Les grandeurs physiques de ce réseau sont établies à partir d’approches stochastiques (chaînes de Markov). Outre la prédiction de la conductivité électrique transverse du composite, le modèle permet d’appréhender les principaux paramètres qui influencent la conductivité. Le deuxième modèle traite du contrôle non destructif par courants de Foucault de ces matériaux en adoptant une approche de résolutions parallèle des problèmes micro et macro par la méthode dite d’éléments finis hétérogènes multi échelles (FE-HMM).Ce modèle est relativement plus précis que l’approche classique qui se base sur les techniques d’homogénéisation, ce qui permet notamment de caractériser des défauts microscopiques
The work of this thesis consists in the investigation of characterization techniques and electromagnetic testing of composite materials, particularly the unidirectional CFRP ones (Carbon Fibers Reinforced Polymer). Two models are then developed. The first model that is intended for the characterization of the transverse electric conductivity of CFRP is based on percolation through resistor network. The physical parameters of the network make use of stochastic approaches (Markov chains). Besides predicting the transverse electrical conductivity of the material, the model allows us to understand the main parameters that influence the conductivity. The second model deals with the eddy current non-destructive testing of these materials by adopting an approach of parallel resolutions of micro and macro problems using the finite element heterogeneous multiscale method (FE-HMM). This model is relatively more accurate than the classical approach based on the homogenization techniques, and notably allows to characterize microscopic defects

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Lopes, Sergio Iraçu Grindi. "Avaliação dos parâmetros genéticos da população de arroz irrigado CNA 11 e da divergência genética entre os genitores". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/1565.

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Os avanços nas práticas de manejo e no melhoramento das cultivares de arroz irrigado têm permitido consolidar o Rio Grande do Sul como maior produtor deste cereal no Brasil. A seleção recorrente é um método alternativo de melhoramento que permite a recombinação cíclica de genótipos selecionados em uma população geneticamente divergente. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram avaliar o potencial da população CNA 11 para fins de melhoramento para tolerância ao frio, estudar a divergência genética dos seus genitores e quantificar as alterações nas freqüências alélicas como resultado do processo de seleção. Para isso foram conduzidos dois ensaios de campo compostos de 140 famílias S0:2 derivadas da população CNA 11 e quatro cultivares testemunhas, no delineamento látice 12 x 12 e em dois locais: Cachoeirinha (RS) e Santa Vitória do Palmar (RS), onde foram avaliados dez caracteres fenotípicos. O DNA dos genitores da população CNA 11 e de 133 famílias S0:2 foi analisado com marcadores moleculares do tipo microssatélites. A população CNA 11 apresentou alto potencial para fins de melhoramento, com ampla variabilidade genética em todos os dez caracteres avaliados. Os caracteres estatura de planta, esterilidade de espiguetas e número de grãos por panícula apresentaram altas correlações genotípicas com rendimento de grãos, podendo ser usados como critérios de seleção indireta. A esterilidade de espiguetas mostrou ser um critério eficiente de seleção para identificação de genótipos de arroz com tolerância ao frio no estádio reprodutivo. Os genitores da população CNA 11 apresentaram ampla divergência genética e, de modo geral, as freqüências dos alelos de microssatélites característicos dos genótipos da subespécie índica aumentaram e as da subespécie japônica diminuíram à medida que a intensidade de seleção aumentou. As melhores famílias S0:2 mostraram maior similaridade genética com os genitores da subespécie índica.

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Dufour, Jean-Pierre. "Traitement de surface par revêtement explosif de l'acier inoxydable Z3 CND 17-12 : application au comportement en fatigue". Poitiers, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990POIT2339.

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Une nouvelle methode de traitement de surface par revetement explosif a ete appliquee sur l'acier inoxydable 316l, a l'etat hypertrempe. La detonation produite par l'explosion induit un etat de deformation triaxial dans le materiau. Il en resulte un ecrouissage mecanique important caracterise par une forte augmentation de la durete en surface, associee a une microstructure maclee dense et homogene dont la limite d'elasticite est trois fois superieure a celle de l'acier inoxydable 316l. L'influence du traitement en surface sur le comportement en fatigue inoxydable 316l a ete mise en evidence dans les domaines de la fatigue plastique et de l'endurance. La stabilite mecanique et thermique de la microstructure maclee a ete montree. Une analyse qualitative et quantitative de l'endommagement en surface a permis de deduire la cinetique de fissuration du materiau traite. L'ensemble de ces resultats fait apparaitre que la duree de vie du materiau depend de deux effets contraires, l'un benefique (haute limite d'elasticite de la couche maclee), l'autre nefaste (amorcage precoce des fissures et propagation rapide dans la couche maclee)

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Helifa, Bachir. "Contribution à la simulation du CND par courants de Foucault en vue de la caractérisation des fissures débouchantes". Nantes, 2012. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=4d9f6caf-4c86-49ca-ba1b-9b4aeca65049.

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Ce travail de thèse relève du domaine du Contrôle Non destructif (CND) par courants de Foucault (CF) dans ses aspects expérimental et de modélisation. Il a pour but essentiel l’élaboration d’une stratégie d’évaluation et de mise au point d’outils logiciels et matériels permettant une meilleure analyse des signaux provenant d’un capteur à courants de Foucault en vue de la caractérisation des fissures débouchantes présentes dans des pièces "critiques" de matériaux conducteurs. Il s’inscrit dans le cadre général de la caractérisation des fissures par courants de Foucault. Dans ce contexte et afin de situer le travail dans un cadre plus général, on se place dans le cas où le matériau contenant la fissure peut présenter une conductivité électrique et (ou) une perméabilité magnétique non identifiée et un revêtement d’épaisseur inconnue. Des modèles directs en 2D et 3D éléments finis de la formulation magnétodynamique en potentiels vecteur magnétique et scalaire électrique déduite des équations de Maxwell sont développés pour la modélisation du système (matériau+fissure+bobine). Des algorithmes type simplex et réseau de neurones sont élaborés pour la résolution du problème inverse dans le but d’obtenir une caractérisation complète de la fissure débouchante. Nous validons les modèles développés (direct et inverse) par confrontation à des données obtenues à partir d’une compagne d’expériences réalisées au laboratoire, en utilisant des bobines connues et des pièces étalons comportant des fissures bien identifiées, ce qui permet la détermination de la morphologie de la fissure débouchante : position, forme, dimensions. Finalement et sur la base des approches développées, nous établissons une stratégie de contrôle en vue de la caractérisation complète des fissures débouchantes
The work of the present thesis falls within the field of Non Destructive Testing (NDT) by eddy current (EC) in its experimental and modeling aspects. Its main purpose is the development of an evaluation strategy and the elaboration of software and hardware tools for better analysis of signals from an eddy current sensor for the characterization of surface cracks in "critical" parts of conducting materials. It fits into the general framework for the characterization of cracks by eddy currents. In this context and in order to place the work in a more general framework, we consider cracks containing material that unidentified electrical conductivity and (or) magnetic permeability with an unknown coating thickness. Direct models in 2D and 3D finite element magnetodynamic formulation using magnetic vector and electric scalar potentials deduced from Maxwell equations are developed for modeling the system (material + crack + coil). Simplex and neural networks algorithms are developed for solving the inverse problem in order to obtain a complete characterization of the surface crack. We validate the developed models (direct and reverse) by comparing data obtained from a set of laboratory experiments, using known coils and standard parts with clearly identified cracks, which allows the determination of the morphology of the surface crack : position, shape and dimensions. Finally, and based on the developed approaches, we establish a control strategy for a complete characterization of surface cracks

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Sabogal, Gonzalez Johan Steven <1992&gt. "STRUMENTI TRADIZIONALI E NON DEL CONTROLLO DI GESTIONE NELLE ASSOCIAZIONI DI RAPPRESENTANZA: CASO BSC NELLA CNA DI VENEZIA". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/17199.

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Questo elaborato descrive gli strumenti tradizionali nel controllo di gestione sia quelli meno tradizionali ossia che si concentrano non soltanto su dati numerici bensì su altre tipologie di variabili. Questo in un'ottica di utilizzo nelle associazioni di rappresentanza. Un caso pratico è presentato nel terzo capito dove si adotta una balancescorecard all'interno di un'associazione di rappresentanza.

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GRACELI, J. B. "Estrogênio e progesterona modulam a expressão da proteína da Na+-K+-ATPase e do canal de sódio CNGA-1 em rins de ratas". Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2008. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/5159.

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Os rins são os órgãos especializados na homeostase da água e sal no organismo, controlam o volume do fluido celular, com o balanço urinário de sódio e de água pela formação de urina concentrada e/ ou, diluída, de acordo com a necessidade fisiológica. O rim é um importante alvo de expressão gênica do estrogênio e a incidência de doenças renais aumentam após a menopausa, sugerindo que o estrogênio previne o desenvolvimento e progressão da doenças renais. O sistema nervoso simpático é um importante modulador do equilíbrio hidroeletrolítico, já que fibras simpáticas pós-ganglionares inervam os rins dos mamíferos, percorrendo os segmentos do néfron, estimulando, pela liberação de noradrenalina, a vasocontrição renal, a diminuição do ritmo de filtração glomerular e do fluxo sangüíneo renal, o aumento da reabsorção de sódio e de água, bem como o aumento da liberação de renina. Contudo, poucos são os estudos que buscam analisar os efeitos dos hormônios sexuais femininos, em especial do estrogênio, do nervo renal e de sua interação, sobre o balanço hidromineral de ratas. Portanto, nosso objetivo foi investigar a ação dos hormônios sexuais femininos e do nervo renal, bem como a sua interação na ingestão hídrica, na excreção de água e de sódio em ratas Wistar, buscando identificar a contribuição de cada um deles e de sua interação nessa função fisiológica de tais animais. Ratas Wistar foram divididas em 4 grupos: fêmeas controle, fêmeas ovariectomizadas, fêmeas desnervadas e fêmeas castradas+desnervadas. Os animais castrados foram estudados entre 7 e 14 dias após a castração. Os animais que sofreram desnervação renal foram estudados no mesmo período. No sexto dia após as cirurgias, os animais foram colocados em gaiolas metabólicas, onde tiveram a ingestão hídrica, a excreção de água e de sódio controladas diariamente. O volume da ingestão e da excreção de água eram metidos por uma proveta milimetrada e, para a medida da excreção de sódio, era coletada um alíquota de urina. No décimo quarto dia, os animais foram retiramos das gaiolas metabólicas, pesados e sob anestesia, sacrificados. Os rins, o útero e o coração foram isolados e, em seguida pesados. O rim esquerdo foi congelado em um frasco âmbar com solução salina a 0ºC, para a dosagem das catecolaminas renais totais, pela leitura direta em espectrofotometria de fluorescência. Nossos resultados mostraram que o grupo desnervado (24,1?1,3 mL) teve uma ingestão hídrica significativamente maior que os grupos castrado (18,4?1,0 mL) e castrado+desnervado (20,2?1,3 mL). A excreção de água teve um aumento significante no grupo desnervado (24,1?1,3mL), quando comparado ao grupo controle (2,1?0,5 mL), castrado (2,5?0,4 mL) e castrado+desnervado (3,7?0,5 mL). A excreção de sódio foi significativamente maior no grupo castrado (986,8?161,5 Eqg), quando comparado aos grupos controle(143,1?24,4 Eqg), desnervado (310,0?45,5 Eqg) e castrado+desenrado (244,3?45,9 Eqg). Além disso, observamos uma elevação significante na liberação das catecolaminas renais no grupo castrado (1521?438 ng/g), quando comparado os grupos controle (979?221 ng/g ), desnervado (293?78 ng/g) e castrado+desnervado (284?62 ng/g). Enfim, concluímos que a ingestão hídrica é parcialmente dependente dos hormônios sexuais femininos, devido suas interações negativas com o hormônio antidiurético e com o sistema renina angiotensina e, dependente do nervo renal. O nervo renal possui uma contribuição importante no controle da excreção renal de água e sal, bem como na osmolaridade plasmática. Além disso, os hormônios sexuais femininos possuem um papel modulador na liberação das catecolaminas renais em ratas Wistar, mostrando um mecanismo renoprotetor do estrogênio, nos rim dessas fêmeas.

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Zedek, Sabeha Fettouma. "Intégration d'architectures mixtes reconfigurables : Application à la détection de défauts dans des structures hétérogènes". Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAT0005/document.

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Les activités scientifiques que nous présentons dans ce manuscrit de thèse s’inscrivent dans la thématique de l’intelligence ambiante, axe stratégique ADREAM au sein du LAAS-CNRS. Depuis plusieurs années notre équipe de recherche N2IS fédère l’approche technologique de la SHM avec pour objectif la surveillance de santé structurelle. En effet, la maturité des matériaux innovants tels que les composites suscitent un intérêt certain auprès des constructeurs aéronautiques, ou bien encore l’utilisation des matériaux de type béton pour des ouvrages d’art, sont autant de structures hétérogènes qui nécessitent une surveillance périodique et/ou continue. Ceci, afin de détecter des cracks, des fissures, des corrosions surfaciques ou bien encore des délaminages. Pour ce faire, les solutions existantes s’appuient usuellement sur des technologies de contrôle non destructif (CND) qui intègrent le plus souvent des réseaux de capteurs à faible consommation interfacés avec des systèmes d’analyses des signaux. Ces approches CND présentent des limitations fonctionnelles majeures : elles ne sont pas versatiles et ne permettent pas d’assurer une continuité de service dans un mode « dégradé » lors d’un fonctionnement sur batterie avec un niveau d’énergie minimal. Notre travail de recherche se situe dans une perspective liée à la quantification d’un niveau de robustesse de structure hétérogène. Il a pour ambition le développement et l’intégration de systèmes matériels mixtes (analogiques/numériques) reconfigurables. Au terme d’une investigation sur les principales solutions technologiques matérielles reprogrammables et compte tenu de la problématique liée aux développements d’algorithmes d’analyse embarqués et de la minimisation de la consommation énergétique des capteurs, le choix s’est porté sur des technologies complémentaires FPAA et FPGA. Initialement nos études de recherche se sont focalisées sur l'étude de fonction analogique matérielle reconfigurable analogique. L'objectif est de démontrer une faisabilité conceptuelle en intégrant un système de conditionnement complexe (implémentation d'une technique de détection synchrone), ceci en considérant le compromis entre la prise de décision d’une reconfiguration à la volée vis-à-vis d’une gestion rationnelle de l'énergie du système. Dès lors, se pose la question de comment intégrer et stocker des données nécessaires au développement d’un traitement numérique performant ? Une solution repose sur une approche hybride avec une puce de type Zynq produite par Xilinx et embarquée sur une Zedboard. Cette solution, plus performante qu’une approche PSoC a permis le développement et l’implémentation de techniques de traitement de signal grâce à des outils d'optimisation et de génération de code de haut niveau. Au terme de ce travail de recherche, les résultats obtenus démontrent la validité des concepts mis en œuvre et permettent d'engager dès à présent le développement d’architectures intelligentes de nouvelle génération
Scientific activities described in this PhD thesis are part of the theme of smart environment, strategy axes of ADREAM with the LAAS-CNRS. Since several years, our research team (N2IS) had a field of interest in SHM (Structural Health Monitoring) with the objective of doing a smart diagnostic on different heterogeneous structures. Indeed, the maturity of innovative materials such as composites triggering interest among aircraft manufacturers, or even the use of materials like concrete structures of civil engineering, all those heterogeneous structures that require periodic monitoring and / or continuous one. This is to detect cracks, disbond, surface corrosion or even delamination. To do this, existing solutions usually rely on technologies of nondestructive testing (NDT) that incorporate mostly sensor networks low-power systems interfaced with analysis of signals. These approaches have significant functional limitations: they are not versatile and do not allow for continuity of service in a "degraded" when operating on battery power with a minimum level of energy mode. Our research is a view related to the quantization level of robustness of a heterogeneous structure. Its aim is the development and integration of hardware reconfigurable mixed (A / D ) systems. After an investigation of the main technological solutions reprogrammable hardware and given the problems associated with developments in analytical embedded and minimizing the energy consumption of sensor algorithms. The choice was based on technologies like FPAA and FPGA. Initially our research studies have focused on the study of reconfigurable analog hardware analog. The objective was to show a conceptual feasibility of integrating a complex conditioning system (implementation of a synchronous detection technique), considering the tradeoff between a decision on the fly reconfiguration and a rational energy management system. Therefore, the question of how to integrate and store data necessary for the development of an efficient digital processing. A solution based on a hybrid approach with a chip produced by Xilinx called Zynq and embedded on a Zedboard. This solution is more efficient than a PSoC approach and allowed the development and implementation of signal processing techniques with tools for optimization and provided a solution of self-generation code trough a graphic interface. Following this research, the results obtained demonstrate the validity of the concepts implemented and allow us to imagine the next smart generation architectures

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Hernandez, Ernest David. "Using Operational Risk Management (ORM) to improve Computer Network Defense (CND) performance in the Department of the Navy (DoN)". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/10864.

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Operational Risk Management (ORM) has been credited with reducing the Navy's mishap rate to all time lows, especially in Naval Aviation. Through the use of a five-step process, ORM has been able to change the decision makers' paradigm of day-to-day operations in naval fleet units, making safety the paramount factor that would allow fleet commanding officers to conserve their assets, yet meet the requirement to train in high-risk environments. ORM is a process that mitigates the risk associated with the high-risk environment that naval fleet units operate in. Not unlike naval fleet units, our computer networks, operate in a high-risk environment-the Internet. Crackers are able to penetrate what were thought to be secure networks, and copy, modify, disrupt or destroy valuable information The risk posed to the Navy's computer network systems is very great. Given the Navy's adoption of 'Network-Centric Warfare' and the Navy-Marine Corps Intranet (NMCI), the hazards faced by the possible compromise of these computer network systems are as great as any a fleet unit would encounter in its normal operating environment. The objective of this thesis is to translate ORM practices into Information Assurance Risk Management (IARM) practices, and demonstrate IARM's utility in identifying, quantifying, and mitigating the security risks associated with computer networks.

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