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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Clay"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 25 luglio 2025

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1

Refai Kassab, Alaa El-Hosani, Azza Hassan Moubark, Waleed Hamdy Elkamash, and Kamal Mohamed Hafez Ismail. "Shear Strength of Unsaturated Soils with Different Plasticity." Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 23, no. 11 (2021): 197–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.51201/jusst/21/11887.

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A series of shear box tests were conducted on four different types of soils in this study. The first set , (clay1) is the host clay, Middle Delta Nile clay “MDNC” which was obtained from Mid Delta Nile zone, Qalyubiyya Governorate, Egypt. The second set, (clay2) consists of the host clay MDNC but mixed with 40% sand. The third set of tests (clay3) was carried out on natural low plastic clay samples brought from El-Tal El-Kbeer area in Ismailia Governorate. The fourth set (clayey sand -SC) consists of 25% of the host clay MDNC mixed with 75% sand. The purpose is to predict the unsaturated shear

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2

Korolev, V. A. "BIOTIC COMPONENT OF CLAYSOILS." Gruntovedenie 1, no. 16 (2021): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.53278/2306-9139-2021-1-16-7-15.

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All kinds of micro- and macroorganisms live in the massifs of clay soils: plants living in (or on) clay soils are called pelitophytes (from the Greek πηλός - “clay” and phyton - “plant”), micro- and macroorganisms living in clays, or associated with clays, they are called pelitophiles (from the Greek πηλός - "clay" and φιλία - "love"), that is, "loving clays" or "prone to clays." The article analyzes these groups of organisms and describes their role in the formation of the properties of clay soils and ecological-geological systems.

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3

Lescinskis, Oskars, Ruta Švinka, and Visvaldis Švinka. "Common and Different in Latvian Clay Minerals." Key Engineering Materials 762 (February 2018): 268–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.762.268.

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Clays are materials consisting of clay minerals and non-clay minerals. Some applications allow to use raw clay others require to separate clay minerals from non-clay minerals. Clay mineral fraction is considered to be a nanofraction. Description and characterization of 3 different Latvian clay nanosized minerals from 3 different geological periods (clay Liepa from Devonian period, clay Vadakste from Triassic period and clay Apriki from Quaternary period) are summarized. The main mineral in these clays is illite, however the presence of kaolinite is observed and its quantity depends on geologic

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4

Chorom, M., P. Rengasamy, and RS Murray. "Clay dispersion as influenced by pH and net particle charge of sodic soils." Soil Research 32, no. 6 (1994): 1243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9941243.

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The effect of changing pH on the dispersion of clay from sodic soils was investigated in relation to changes in net charge on clay particles. A positive relationship was obtained between pH and the percentage of dispersible clay for each soil clay. The percentage increase in net negative charge was also positively correlated with pH. However, the slopes of these relationships varied between soil clays. In general, the net negative charge was the primary factor in clay dispersion and the pH affected clay dispersion by changing the net charge on clay particles. In comparing the values for pure c

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5

Lefebvre, Guy, Karol Rohan, and Serge Douville. "Erosivity of natural intact structured clay: Evaluation." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 22, no. 4 (1985): 508–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t85-071.

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Previous studies on erodibility of cohesive soil are briefly reviewed and it is concluded that experimental observations have been mainly concerned with remolded and reconsolidated or weathered clays. The structure effect, which is considered important in the behaviour of natural intact clay, especially for Eastern Canadian clays, has not up to now been really considered in the evaluation of clay erodibility. This paper proposes a new laboratory technique for the study of the erodibility of natural intact clays and presents results of a testing program on three Canadian clays. The results indi

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6

Lakevičs, Vitālijs, Valentīna Stepanova, Santa Niedra, Inga Dušenkova, and Augusts Ruplis. "Thixotropic Properties of Latvian Illite Containing Clays." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (August 6, 2015): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2013vol1.813.

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Thixotropic properties of Latvian Devonian and Quaternary clays were studied. Dynamic viscosity of the water clay suspensions were measured with a rotating viscometer. Influence of concentration, pH and modifiers on the thixotropic clay properties was analyzed. It was found that Latvian clays have thixotropic properties. Stability of clay suspensions is described with the thixotropy hysteresis loop. Increasing the speed of the viscometer rotation, dynamic viscosity of the clay suspension decreases. It was found that the solid phase concentration and mineralogical composition make an impact on

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7

Bekee, D., Edori, and E.S. "Geochemical Properties of Clays and Clay Pots from Kono Boue and Ara-Ekiti Communities in Nigeria." Pharmaceutical and Chemical Journal 8, no. 1 (2021): 53–60. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13957746.

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Clays and clay pots samples from two Southern Nigeria communities, Ara-Ekiti and Kono-Boue were studied to ascertain their mineralogical content and physicochemical parameters. The cation exchange capacity (CEC)were12.06, 5.97, 4.88 and 5.44 Cmol/Kg; bulk density, were 0.94, 1.20, 0.2 and 1.00 g/cm3, organic matter were 8.88, 3.29, 0.74 and 1.48% for Ara-Ekiti clay (AER), Kono-Boue clay (KBR), Ara-Ekiti clay pot (AEP) and Kono-Boue clay pot (KBP) respectively. The percentages of silt, clay and sand were 12.40, 30.00 and 57.60% for AER; 17.40, 24.00 and 58.60% for KBR; 9.40, 14.00 and 76.60% fo

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8

Saaedifar, D., A. Casarella, and J. Dijkstra. "Genesis of Quick Clay: A Nanometric Experimental Investigation on Geological Environment." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1480, no. 1 (2025): 012098. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1480/1/012098.

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Abstract Quick clays are fine-grained soils with high sensitivity that transform into a liquid when remoulded. The deposition history directly impacts the composition and microstructure of natural clays. This study examines the morphology at the nanoscale of two different sensitive Swedish clays (Lödöse and Kärra clay) to establish a connection between the microscopic features and the macroscopic mechanical behaviour observed at their intact and remoulded state. Using in-line holotomography, the nano-scale imaging instrument at the ID16B beamline of ESRF is employed to capture nano-level featu

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9

Incledion, Alexander, Megan Boseley, Rachael L. Moses, et al. "A New Look at the Purported Health Benefits of Commercial and Natural Clays." Biomolecules 11, no. 1 (2021): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11010058.

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Clays attributed to have medicinal properties have been used since prehistoric times and are still used today as complementary medicines, which has given rise to unregulated “bioceutical” clays to treat skin conditions. Recently, clays with antibacterial characteristics have been proposed as alternatives to antibiotics, potentially overcoming modern day antibiotic resistance. Clays with suggested antibacterial properties were examined to establish their effects on common wound-infecting bacteria. Geochemical, microscopical, and toxicological characterization of clay particulates, their suspens

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10

Chu, Chengfu, Zilong Wu, Yongfeng Deng, Yonggui Chen, and Qiong Wang. "Intrinsic compression behavior of remolded sand–clay mixture." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 54, no. 7 (2017): 926–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2016-0453.

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A series of incremental loading oedometer tests was conducted on pure clays and sand–clay mixtures with various sand/clay ratios and clay mineral compositions. The void indexes Iv and IvH were introduced to evaluate their intrinsic compressibility. Test results revealed that Iv was more suitable for depicting the compression behavior of pure clays than IvH; whereas, for the compressibility of sand–clay mixtures, the normalized compression line by using Iv was obviously different from that of pure clays and traditional soils due to the presence of sand particles. Therefore, a four-phase analysi

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11

Mohd Amin, M. F., S. G. J. Heijman, and L. C. Rietveld. "Clay-biodegradable polymer combination for pollutant removal from water." Drinking Water Engineering and Science Discussions 8, no. 2 (2015): 177–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/dwesd-8-177-2015.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In this study, a new treatment alternative is investigated to remove micropollutants from wastewater effectively and in a more cost-effective way. A potential solution is the use of clay in combination with biodegradable polymeric flocculants. Flocculation is viewed as the best method to get the optimum outcome from the combination of clay with starch. Clay is naturally abundantly available and relatively inexpensive compared to the conventional adsorbents used. Experimental studies were carried out with four different clays to select the best cl

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12

Barker, W. W. "Bacterial Trace Fossils in Eocene Kaolin." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 43 (August 1985): 238–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100118114.

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Spheroidal electron-dense masses averaging two microns in diameter comprise up to 20% of a thin Eocene grey kaolin in the upper part of the Huber Fm. near Wrens, Georgia. TEM and SEM reveal that the microspheroids consist of tangentially oriented kaolinite platelets enclosing much finer, delicate intergrowths of secondary authigenic minerals.Many types of bacteria and algae produce mucopolysaccharidal exudates which can attach clay platelets. Clay-clad microorganisms are especially common in marine and estuarine environments, where high ionic strength compresses the electric double layer of ka

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13

Suttikul, Supaluk, Kanyarat Ano, and Kedsarin Pimraksa. "Effect of Calcium Hydroxide Content on Pozzolanic Reaction of Calcined Clays: Their Mechanical Properties and Microstructures." Materials Science Forum 1034 (June 15, 2021): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1034.161.

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The research aimed to investigate the effect of calcium hydroxide content on pozzolanic reaction of calcined clays. Pozzolanic reaction of calcined clay was determined in terms of its mechanical properties, phase development and microstructures. Three clay minerals (two kaolinitic clays and kaolinite-montmorillonite clay) were chosen to produce pozzolanic materials via calcination at temperature of 700 °C to allow dehydroxylation of clay minerals. Ratios of calcium hydroxide to calcined clays were varied from 0.1 to 0.5. Mixing water contents or liquid to solid ratios (0.62, 0.75 and 0.80) and

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14

Lefebvre, Guy, Karol Rohan, and Jean-Pierre Milette. "Erosivity of intact clay: Influence of the natural structure." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 23, no. 4 (1986): 427–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t86-072.

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Erodibility drill hole tests have been conducted on three Eastern Canadian clays on intact structured specimens, on specimens destructured by consolidation, and on remolded and reconsolidated specimens. The intact structured clay is highly resistant to erosion; links between particles can resist high tractive stresses. The resistance to erosion is drastically decreased however when the clay is destructured by consolidation or remolding. The decrease varies from one clay to the other; after consolidation the resistance to erosion is very low for the St. Hyacinthe clay but still high for the St.

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15

SHEKHAWAT, M. S. "THERMO GRAVIMETRIC AND DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS OF CLAY OF WESTERN RAJASTHAN (INDIA)." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 22 (January 2013): 458–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194513010519.

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The paper presents the study of thermo gravimetric and differential thermal analysis of blended clay. Western part of Rajasthan (India) is rich resource of Ball clays and it is mainly used by porcelain, sanitary ware, and tile industry. The quality and grade of clay available in the region vary from one deposit to other. To upgrade the fired colour and strength properties, different variety of clays may be blended together. The paper compares the results of thermal analysis one of blended clay B2 with reference clay of Ukraine which is imported by industries owners. The result revealed that th

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16

Elsafi, Mohamed, Yousry Koraim, Mansour Almurayshid, Fahad I. Almasoud, M. I. Sayyed, and I. H. Saleh. "Investigation of Photon Radiation Attenuation Capability of Different Clay Materials." Materials 14, no. 21 (2021): 6702. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14216702.

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This work aims to experimentally report the radiation attenuation factors for four different clays (red, ball, kaolin and bentonite clays) at four selected energies (emitted from Am-241, Cs-137, and Co-60). The highest relative difference in the mass attenuation coefficient (MAC) is equal to −3.02%, but most of the other results are much smaller than this value, proving that the experimental and theoretical data greatly agree with each other. From the MAC results, the shielding abilities of the clay samples at 0.060 MeV follow the order of: bentonite > red > ball > kaolin. Thus, at lo

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17

MANGO-ITULAMYA, Lavie A., Frédéric COLLIN, Pascal PILATE, Fabienne COURTEJOIE, and Nathalie FAGEL. "Evaluation of Belgian clays for manufacturing compressed earth blocks." Geologica Belgica 22, no. 3-4 (2019): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.20341/gb.2019.002.

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This study aims to characterize Belgian clays in order to evaluate their use for manufacture of compressed earth blocks (CEB). Nineteen Belgian clay deposits were sampled in 56 sites and 135 samples were collected and analyzed. The analyses focus on the determination of particle size, plasticity, nature and mineralogy as the main characteristics for assessing the suitability of the raw clays to make CEB. These analyses allow for classifying the sampled clay deposits in three categories: clays that can be used unchanged to make CEB (2 clay deposits), clays that are suitable for the manufacture

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18

Meftah Elgubbi, Hana, Siti Salhah Othman, and Farah Wahida Harun. "Modification of kaolinite clay using benzyltriethylammonium chloride as a surfactant: Preparation and characterization." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 9, no. 4 (2020): 850. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v9i4.31088.

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Natural kaolinite clay from Perak, Malaysia with cation exchange capacity (CEC) of 2.5 meq/100g was modified using cationic surfactant, benzyltriethylammonium chloride (BTEA-Cl), at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 times the CEC. A number of techniques, namely energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) nitrogen adsorption-desorption were then used for characterization of the kaolinite and/or organo-modified kaolinite clays. The presence of alkyl groups as a result

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19

El Ouahabi, M., L. Daoudi, and N. Fagel. "Mineralogical and geotechnical characterization of clays from northern Morocco for their potential use in the ceramic industry." Clay Minerals 49, no. 1 (2014): 35–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.2014.049.1.04.

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AbstractThis study focuses on the mineralogical and geotechnical characterization of northern Moroccan clays from the Tangier and Tetouan areas and compares them with the main clay deposits used in the Moroccan ceramic industry (from Meknes, Fes, Salé and Safi regions). Sampled clays were analysed by X-ray diffraction on bulk and clay (<2 μm) fractions to identify the mineralogical assemblages of the clay outcrops. Further analyses were conducted to determine the particle size distribution (laser diffraction particle analyser), the total organic matter content (Loss- On-Ignition measurement

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20

Kumari, Neeraj, Chandra Mohan, and Arvind Negi. "An Investigative Study on the Structural, Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Clay-Based PVC Polymer Composite Films." Polymers 15, no. 8 (2023): 1922. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15081922.

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The present study aims to explore the impact of pristine and surfactant-modified clays (montmorillonite, bentonite and vermiculite) on the thermomechanical properties of a poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) polymer film. Initially, clay was modified by employing the ion exchange method. The modification of clay minerals was confirmed by the XRD pattern and thermogravimetric analysis. Pristine PVC polymer film and clay (montmorillonite, bentonite and vermiculite)-based PVC polymer composite films were fabricated using solution casting. The ideal dispersion of surfactant-modified organo-clays was obser

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21

Behrami, Esad, and Vahid Avdiu. "The Process and Kinetics of Pesticide Desorption from Clay as a Function of Cleaning Polluted Waters." Processes 11, no. 4 (2023): 1180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11041180.

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This study presents an investigation into the desorption process of pesticides, namely benalaxyl, atrazine, dimethoate, and methomyl, from aqueous solutions in natural Brari clay (Tirana) located at 41°21′14.49″ N and 19° 50′17.74″ E and Dardha clay (Korça) located at 40°31′16.59″ N and 20°49′33.69″ E. The desorption process was fast, where in the first 2 hours of contact, 99.1% of atrazine was desorbed from Brari clay, and 90.1% of atrazine was desorbed from Dardha clay. In addition, in the first 2 hours of contact, 80.3% of benalaxyl was desorbed from pear clay and 79.2% of benalaxyl from Br

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22

Sayouba, Sandwidi, Haro Kayaba, Dabilgou Téré, et al. "Search for Qualified Soil for the Production of Low-Energy Biobased Composite Materials." Asian Journal of Physical and Chemical Sciences 11, no. 3 (2023): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajopacs/2023/v11i3207.

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The development of earth-based bio-sourced materials requires a thorough analysis of the study soil. For the present study, we took five (05) soil samples from a tunnel-digged quarry in the layer between 0.5 m and 5 m : white clay (MSB-BL), red clay (MSB-RG), weak clay or sandy clay (MSB-FB), strong clay (MSB-FR) and mixture (MSB-ME). To verify the quality of these five (05) soils samples, their intrinsic properties were determined at the National Building and Public Works Laboratory (LNBTP). These included grain size, clay content, specific weight, loss on ignition and moisture content. These

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23

Murray, H. H. "Applied clay mineralogy today and tomorrow." Clay Minerals 34, no. 1 (1999): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/000985599546055.

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AbstractThe clay minerals kaolin, smectite and palygorskite-sepiolite are among the world's most important and useful industrial minerals. Clay minerals are important in a number of geological applications such as stratigraphic correlations, indicators of environments of deposition and temperature for generation of hydrocarbons. In agriculture, the clay minerals are a major component of soils and determinant of soil properties. The clay minerals are important in construction where they are a major constituent in brick and tile. The physical and chemical properties of the clay minerals determin

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24

Pannirselvam, Muthu, R. K. Gupta, S. N. Bhattacharya, and Robert A. Shanks. "Intercalation of Montmorillonite by Interlayer Adsorption and Complex Formation." Advanced Materials Research 29-30 (November 2007): 295–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.29-30.295.

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Clays are essentially composed of crystalline particles of one or more members of a small group of minerals. The ability of clays to intercalate certain organic substances has been known for a very long time. There is a scope in these clay structures for isomorphous replacement, that is, for substitution of Na+ by cations of similar size but usually of lower valency. This research aims at identifying suitable additives for pretreatment of clay and determining the effect of different classes of compounds (intercalants) on the d-spacing expansion of clay layers. This paper addresses a different

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25

Niu, Shuo. "Behavioral analysis and structural evolution of bothkennar clay: Insights from laboratory and field investigations." Advances in Engineering Innovation 13, no. 1 (2024): 55–70. https://doi.org/10.54254/2977-3903/13/2024140.

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Bothkennar clay is a type of soft clay found near the Firth of Forth in Scotland, at the Bothkennar site, which was established in the late 1980s as a national research center for advanced studies on soft clays. This paper analyzes the behavior of Bothkennar clay under both natural and remolded conditions, drawing on data from laboratory and field experiments. Special attention is given to the results of triaxial tests and oedometer tests, which are crucial for understanding the stress-strain response under different stress paths. The analysis largely employs the Cam-clay model, a widely used

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Orosz, Viktor, István Kocserha, Róbert Géber, and Csilla Paróczai. "Examination of Tile Industrial Usability of High-Quartz Content Clay." Materials Science Forum 659 (September 2010): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.659.67.

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The Hungarian roof tile plants settle near a discovered clay mine in every case thus they work with different content clays. Examining characteristics of certain clay layers is needed to ensure stable product quality. Some clay layers with significantly different content occur among the presently used ones, which need an extensive examination for the production of good quality items. Results of high quartz content clay usability examinations are shown in this paper. The aim of examinations is to determine the usability of frequently occurring high quartz content clays. In the course of tests h

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Oscarson, D. W. "Comparison of Measured and Calculated Diffusion Coefficients for Iodide in Compacted Clays." Clay Minerals 29, no. 2 (1994): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.1994.029.2.01.

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AbstractAn understanding of the behaviour of contaminants in compacted clays is important in assessing the effectiveness of clay-based barrier materials used in many waste containment strategies. Here the diffusion and sorption behaviour of I− with selected compacted clays is examined (129I is a relatively long-lived radioisotope present in high-level nuclear fuel waste.) Diffusion coefficients, D, and distribution coefficients, Kd, were measured for I− with four clays: bentonite, Lake Agassiz clay (a glacial lake clay composed mainly of smectite, illite, kaolinite, and quartz), interstratifie

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O, Ademila, Ogunribido T. H. T, and Abidoye J. M. "Geotechnical and geochemical appraisal of IFON clay, Southwestern Nigeria: Implications for industrial utilization." International Journal of Physical Research 7, no. 1 (2019): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijpr.v7i1.26336.

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Clays are geological materials of economic potential in the manufacturing and environmental industries. Geotechnical properties and geochemical composition of Ifon clay deposits in Ondo State, Nigeria were investigated with the aim of determining their economic potentials. The geotechnical investigation includes consistency limits, strength, permeability and firing tests, while, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) method was used for determination of the bulk elemental composition of the clays using standard techniques. Geotechnical appraisal of the clay deposits revealed that high proportion of clay siz

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Baldi, G., T. Hueckel, and R. Pellegrini. "Thermal volume changes of the mineral–water system in low-porosity clay soils." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 25, no. 4 (1988): 807–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t88-089.

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The effect of temperature on the volumetric strains of the clay skeleton and clay – water system has been examined experimentally. Heating tests at (various) constant effective stress and isotropic loading tests at (various) constant temperatures were performed on low-porosity clays under drained conditions. The results indicate that the thermal expansion of adsorbed water in these clays is significantly lower than that of free water. Depending on the effective pressure, the clay skeleton may undergo either compression or expansion. Key words: nuclear waste isolation, clay, low porosity, therm

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Cajetan, Okolo Chidiebere, Ezechukwu O.A., Olisakwe C.O., Ezendokwelu C.E., and Umunna Chike. "CHARACTERIZATION OF ELECTRICAL PORCELAIN INSULATORS FROM LOCAL CLAYS." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 3, no. 1 (2015): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i1.2015.3050.

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In this thesis, the characterization of electrical porcelain insulators based on local clays has been investigated. Test samples were made by varying the quantities of feldspar and silica required to form a mouldable plastic body with each clay sample. The clay samples were bisque fired which is to 900°C and glazed before it was fired to 1250°C after air-drying. An electrical property such as dielectric strength (breakdown voltage) was determined for each test sample that survived the high temperature. The composition for optimum properties from Ekwulobia and Iva Valley clays each is at compos

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Joo, Incheol, and Jongmuk Won. "Influence of Sand Grain Size and Clay Mineralogy on Suffusion of Sand-Clay Mixtures." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 23, no. 2 (2023): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2023.23.2.91.

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Suffusion is a type of internal erosion caused by the detachment of fine particles. Additionally, continuous suffusion reduces the stability of geotechnical infrastructures. In this study, the impact of clay mineralogy and sand grain size on the suffusion of sand-clay mixtures was investigated using two-dimensional laboratory experiments on nine different sand-clay mixtures made of three types of sands (K3, K4, and K5) and clays (kaolinite, illite, and bentonite). The breakthrough curve for each sample was obtained for the top/middle/bottom outlets of the designed cell to measure and analyze t

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Okolo, Chidiebere Cajetan, O.A. Ezechukwu, C.O. Olisakwe, C.E. Ezendokwelu, and Chike Umunna. "CHARACTERIZATION OF ELECTRICAL PORCELAIN INSULATORS FROM LOCAL CLAYS." International Journal of Research - GRANTHAALAYAH 3, no. 1 (2017): 26–36. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.884032.

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Abstract (sommario):

In this thesis, the characterization of electrical porcelain insulators based on local clays has been investigated. Test samples were made by varying the quantities of feldspar and silica required to form a mouldable plastic body with each clay sample. The clay samples were bisque fired which is to 900°C and glazed before it was fired to 1250°C after air-drying. An electrical property such as dielectric strength (breakdown voltage) was determined for each test sample that survived the high temperature. The composition for optimum properties from Ekwulobia and Iva Valley clays each is at compos

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33

Umudi, E. Q., E. Adaikpo, I. E. Obukohwo, J. Igborgbor, and A. Egheneji. "Evaluation of Kaolin as Adsorbent for Chlorine Reduction in Seawater from Forcados/Ogulagha Axis of Southwest Delta State, Nigeria." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 26, no. 2 (2022): 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v26i2.10.

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Abstract (sommario):

This paper evaluates the use of three Nigerian clay types Otorho (OT, Abbi (BB) and Umutu (UM) as adsorbent for the reduction of chlorine in seawater from (Forcados/Ogulagha aix in Southwest Delta State using XRD X ray diffraction and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The alumino silicate nature of the clays was confirmed by the presence of SiO2 and Al2O3 and the presence of other elements (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe and Ti) in trace quantities. Percolation rate studies showed that clay UN had the lowest while OT had the highest. Clays fortified with stone pebbles in ratios 1:3 in columns in one flo

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34

Israahikmatabd, Israahikmatabd, Abbas S. S. AL-Wotafy, and Mahdi Abdul Kadium Abed. "A study on The Chemical Properties of Desert Soils in Najaf Governorate, including the effect of Attapulgite Clay and its Nanoparticles on the Growth and Yield of Solanum Lycopersicon." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND STATISTICAL SCIENCES 20, no. 02 (2024): 445. https://doi.org/10.59467/ijass.2024.20.445.

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Abstract (sommario):

We investigated the effects of Attapulgite clay irrigation and ground amendment on soil characteristics, tomato growth, and yield. Attapulgite clays were used as earth amendments at 600, 1300 and 3000 kg ha-1. In addition, spraying Attapulgite clay over leaves after nano transformation produced 0 and 1 g/l amendments. Assuming the salinity rise was not statistically significant, soil characteristics improved from (2.51) for treatment A0N0B0 to (4.12) for treatment A3N1B3. The soil pH interaction increased as neutralizers improved it. The substance and attapulgite clay increased positive ion ex

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35

Jaskulski, Roman, Daria Jóźwiak-Niedźwiedzka, and Yaroslav Yakymechko. "Calcined Clay as Supplementary Cementitious Material." Materials 13, no. 21 (2020): 4734. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13214734.

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Abstract (sommario):

Calcined clays are the only potential materials available in large quantities to meet the requirements of eco-efficient cement-based materials by reducing the clinker content in blended cements or reducing the cement content in concrete. More than 200 recent research papers on the idea of replacing Portland cement with large amounts of calcined clay are presented and discussed in detail. First, the fundamental information about the properties and structure of clay minerals is described. Then, the process of activation and hydration of clays is discussed, including the methods of pozzolanic act

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36

Ogawa, Atsushi, Atsushi Takai, Takumi Shimizu, and Takeshi Katsumi. "Effects of temperature on consolidation and consistency of clayey soils." E3S Web of Conferences 205 (2020): 09010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020509010.

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Abstract (sommario):

This study focuses on the effects of temperature on the consolidation property and consistency of clay for thermal improvement of soft clay ground. Although it is already known that an increase in temperature can accelerate consolidation of clay, the degree of the temperature effect has not yet been generalized between various clays. In this study, a series of one-dimensional consolidation tests at different temperatures (17, 23, 35, 50, and 65°C) using 2 processed clays and 3 natural clayey soils dredged at ports are presented. To evaluate the temperature effect on soil consistency, which mig

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37

Elsafi, Mohamed, Mirvat Fawzi Dib, Hoda Ezzelddin Mustafa, et al. "Enhancement of Ceramics Based Red-Clay by Bulk and Nano Metal Oxides for Photon Shielding Features." Materials 14, no. 24 (2021): 7878. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14247878.

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Abstract (sommario):

We prepared red clays by introducing different percentages of PbO, Bi2O3, and CdO. In order to understand how the introduction of these oxides into red clay influences its attenuation ability, the mass attenuation coefficient of the clays was experimentally measured in a lab using an HPGe detector. The theoretical shielding capability of the material present was obtained using XCOM to verify the accuracy of the experimental results. We found that the experimental and theoretical values agree to a very high degree of precision. The effective atomic number (Zeff) of pure red clay, and red clay w

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38

Romdhane, Dalila Fkih, Yosra Satlaoui, Rawya Nasraoui, Abdelkrim Charef, and Rim Azouzi. "Adsorption, Modeling, Thermodynamic, and Kinetic Studies of Methyl Red Removal from Textile-Polluted Water Using Natural and Purified Organic Matter Rich Clays as Low-Cost Adsorbent." Journal of Chemistry 2020 (May 6, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4376173.

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Abstract (sommario):

Clay minerals have large surface areas that contribute to their high adsorption capacity. Pure clays were often used. However, their prices remain expensive. However, the natural clay minerals that are locally available can have economic and environmental benefits for textile wastewater treatment. The tested natural clays had given low removal yields. Therefore, we wanted to test particular rich organic matter clay for adsorbing azo dye, which is a very toxic molecule. In order to make the use of this clay type have a better efficiency for removal of this dye from the polluted waters, the opti

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39

Rouhani, Hadi, Fatola Farhadi, Mahsa Akbari Kenari, Effat Eskandari, and Seeram Ramakrishna. "Selection of suitable bentonite and the influence of various acids on the preparation of a special clay for the removal of trace olefins from aromatics." Clay Minerals 56, no. 3 (2021): 185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/clm.2021.32.

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Abstract (sommario):

AbstractAcid-activated clays are inexpensive materials that are used extensively in the removal of unsaturated compounds on an industrial scale. The performance of bentonitic clays in removing these compounds relies heavily on the types of raw clays and acids used in the activation process. In this work, we report on the removal of olefins from aromatic streams by bentonitic clays activated via two different routes. After preliminary tests of four different natural clays, the best clay was selected in terms of it having high swelling index, cation-exchange capacity, specific surface area and s

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40

Apkar'yan, A. S., and T. Yu Sablina. "Investigation of the properties of overburden clays from the Kornilovskoye deposit of the Tomsk region." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Fizika, no. 7 (2022): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/00213411/65/7/35.

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Abstract (sommario):

Analytical and laboratory-technological studies of overburden clays of the Kornilovskoye deposit in the Tomsk region have been carried out. The chemical composition, mineral composition, granulometric composition, plasticity and refractoriness of clays have been determined. The sensitivity of clay raw materials to drying, apparent density, water absorption, shrinkage, mechanical characteristics of samples from clay raw materials have been investigated. The possibilities of using clay in various industries are determined.

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41

Cotecchia, Federica, Simona Guglielmi, Francesco Cafaro, and Antonio Gens. "Micro to macro investigation of clays advising their constitutive modelling - part I." Soils and Rocks 47, no. 3 (2024): e2024011723. http://dx.doi.org/10.28927/sr.2024.011723.

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Abstract (sommario):

This keynote lecture discusses the results of a long lasting experimental research, devoted to the investigation of clay microstructure and its evolution upon loading. Micro-scale analyses, involving scanning electron microscopy, image processing, mercury intrusion porosimetry and swelling paths to test the clay bonding, are presented on clays subjected to different loading paths, with the purpose of providing experimental evidence of the processes at the micro-scale which underlie the clay response at the macro-scale. Data from the literature on clays of different classes, either soft or stif

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42

Hurst, A. "Textural and geochemical micro-analysis in the interpretation of clay mineral characteristics: lessons from sandstone hydrocarbon reservoirs." Clay Minerals 34, no. 1 (1999): 137–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/000985599545993.

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Abstract (sommario):

AbstractBack-scattered electron images of clay minerals from sandstones are used, together with complementary micro-analytical methods, to identify and quantify mineral microporosity and geochemistry. Clay minerals typically have a range of microporosity from 10 to >90% dependent on texture and paragenesis. Fibrous clays are highly microporous; detrital clays have low microporosity but specific clay minerals have broad ranges of microporosity. The often quoted mineral-chemical association between thorium (Th) and kaolinite cannot be substantiated by micro-analysis. The Th content of clay mi

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43

Nasedkin, V. V., N. M. Boeva, and A. L. Vasiliev. "Akkalkan deposit of bentonite clays (Southeast Kazakhstan): formation conditions and prospects for technological use." Геология рудных месторождений 61, no. 5 (2019): 84–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0016-777061584-95.

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Abstract (sommario):

The article presents the results of the bentonite clays study of Akkolkanskoye deposit, located in South-Eastern Kazakhstan. Based on the mapping, four main types of bentonites were identified: light gray argillite-like clay; dark gray clay lamellar and crushed stone morphology; waxy light brown and pale yellow clay lamellar texture; black plastic clay. Mineralogical study of these varieties allowed to establish the relationship of crystal-morphological features of the main rock-forming mineral in clays with the conditions of their formation and with the technological properties of bentonite r

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44

Danish, Aamar, Ermedin Totiç, Muhammed Bayram, et al. "Assessment of Mineralogical Characteristics of Clays and the Effect of Waste Materials on Their Index Properties for the Production of Bricks." Materials 15, no. 24 (2022): 8908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15248908.

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Abstract (sommario):

Significant research investigations on the characteristics of unexplored clay deposits are being conducted in light of the growing need for clay in the ceramic industry and the variable chemistry of clays. Parallel to this, the generation of waste materials like fly ash, ferrochrome slag, and silica fume is also increasing, responsible for environmental degradation. This paper aims to study the mineralogical properties of pure clays (one specimen from Siberia and five specimens from different locations in Turkey), and the effect of mentioned waste materials on the index properties of clays obt

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45

Yakushev, Vladimir. "Experimental Modeling of Methane Hydrate Formation and Decomposition in Wet Heavy Clays in Arctic Regions." Geosciences 9, no. 1 (2018): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9010013.

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Abstract (sommario):

Experimental studies on clay sample saturation by methane hydrates proved that clay particles play an important role in the hydrate accumulation and decomposition processes in sediments. Depending on water content, the same clay mineral can serve as inhibitor, neutral component and promoter of hydrate formation. Wet clay is a good mineral surface for hydrate formation, but clays represent the worst media for hydrate accumulation and existence. Nevertheless, there are many observations of hydrate presence in clay-containing sediments, especially offshore. Experimental modelling of metastable hy

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46

Kiari, Mohamed, Raúl Berenguer, Francisco Montilla, and Emilia Morallón. "Preparation and Characterization of Montmorillonite/PEDOT-PSS and Diatomite/PEDOT-PSS Hybrid Materials. Study of Electrochemical Properties in Acid Medium." Journal of Composites Science 4, no. 2 (2020): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs4020051.

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Abstract (sommario):

The hybridization of clay minerals with conducting polymers receives great interest for different potential applications, including environmental remediation. This work studies and compares the electrochemical properties of two different clays, montmorillonite (Mont) and diatomite (Diat), and their respective clay/PEDOT-PSS hybrid materials in H2SO4 medium. The hybrid materials were prepared by electropolymerization of EDOT in the presence of PSS. The physico-chemical and electrochemical properties of both clays were analyzed by different techniques, and the influence of the clay properties on

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47

Abd El-Fattah, Ahmed, and Eman Abd ElKader. "Influence of different clays on the mechanical, thermal, and water absorption properties of recycled high-density polyethylene/wood flour hybrid composites." Journal of Composite Materials 52, no. 9 (2017): 1215–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998317723180.

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Abstract (sommario):

Wood plastic composites based on recycled high-density polyethylene (r-HDPE)/wood flour with the addition of organically modified clays were prepared by melt mixing and compression molding. The effect of two different types and contents of clays, bentonite and layered double hydroxide – on the mechanical, thermal, and water absorption properties of the wood plastic composites – was examined to identify the most effective clay type for wood plastic composites. It was found that incorporation of 2 wt% modified bentonite (mBNT) clay was the most effective in the composite formulation; it has sign

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48

Pozo, Manuel, and José Calvo. "An Overview of Authigenic Magnesian Clays." Minerals 8, no. 11 (2018): 520. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min8110520.

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Abstract (sommario):

Clay authigenesis mostly concerns: (a) the formation of clays by direct precipitation from solution, called “neoformation” and (b) development of clays by transformation of precursor minerals. Precipitation from solution implies that a new mineral structure crystallizes, so that a prior mineral structure is not inherited. Transformation of precursor detrital minerals, a process also termed “neoformation by addition”, can be conducted whether throughout precipitation on pre-existing natural surfaces or transformation and reaction on pre-existing surfaces. Both processes have been recognized as

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49

KOROLEV, V. А. "THE ECOLOGICAL ROLE OF CLAYS AND CLAY MINERALS." Engineering Geology World 14, no. 1 (2019): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.25296/1993-5056-2019-14-1-60-71.

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Abstract (sommario):

The article considers the ecological role played by clays and clay minerals in the ecosystem and the biosphere as a whole. The value of clays and clay minerals in the origin of life on Earth and the formation of RNA are analyzed, due to the periodicity of the microstructure of these minerals, their physicochemical activity and sorption capacity with respect to amino acids, nucleotides, proteins and RNA. The processes of interaction of clay minerals with organic matter are considered, including under conditions of hydrothermal conditions, which have specific features that contribute to the orig

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50

Casarella, Angela, Alessandro Tarantino, and Alice Di Donna. "Micromechanical interpretation of thermo-plastic behaviour of clays." E3S Web of Conferences 205 (2020): 09003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020509003.

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Abstract (sommario):

The effect of temperature on mechanical behaviour of clay-based geomaterials is relevant in a number of geotechnical applications (e.g. low enthalpy geothermal systems and energy geostructures, nuclear waste disposal, and heating in rapid shear deformation). Mechanical response of (saturated) clays upon heating is not always intuitive as volume changes may occur due to both thermal expansion of clay constituents and temperature-induced changes of clay microstructure. This paper first revisits the macroscopic thermally-induced mechanical behaviour of saturated clays available in the literature

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