Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Civil rights - discrimination"

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Civil rights - discrimination"

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Pepin, Dawn, e Samantha Bent Weber. "Civil Rights Law and the Determinants of Health: How Some States Have Utilized Civil Rights Laws to Increase Protections Against Discrimination". Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 47, S2 (2019): 76–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073110519857323.

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One fundamental barrier to eliminating health disparities, particularly with regard to the determinants of health, is the persistence of discrimination. Civil rights law is the primary legal mechanism used to address discrimination. Federal civil rights laws have been the subject of wider analyses as a determinant of health as well as a tool to address health disparities. The research on state civil rights laws, while more limited, is growing. This article will highlight a few examples of how some states are using civil rights laws to combat discrimination, particularly in more expansive ways and in the interest of new populations, presenting tools that can target determinants and address the goal of reducing health disparities.
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Lyerly, Eric. "The anatomy of an OCR complaint form". Disability Compliance for Higher Education 29, n. 4 (18 ottobre 2023): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dhe.31612.

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The Office for Civil Rights is responsible for enforcing federal civil rights laws that prohibit discrimination in programs or activities that receive federal funding. To this end, it investigates complaints of disability discrimination (as well as other forms of discrimination) against colleges and universities.
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Kim, Pauline T. "Addressing algorithmic discrimination". Communications of the ACM 65, n. 1 (gennaio 2022): 25–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3498660.

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Farhang, Sean. "The Political Development of Job Discrimination Litigation, 1963–1976". Studies in American Political Development 23, n. 1 (19 marzo 2009): 23–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898588x09000029.

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In lobbying for the job discrimination provisions of the Civil Rights Act (CRA) of 1964, liberal civil rights advocates wanted an administrative job discrimination enforcement regime modeled on the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), with no private lawsuits. Pivotal conservative Republicans, empowered by a divided Democratic Party and the filibuster in the Senate, defeated an administrative framework and provided instead for private lawsuits with incentives for enforcement, including attorney's fees for winning plaintiffs. They were motivated by native suspicion toward bureaucratic regulation of business in general, as well as fear that they would not be able to control an NLRB-style civil rights agency in the hands of their ideological adversaries. In the political environment of 1963–64, some meaningful enforcement provisions were necessary, and to conservative Republicans private litigation was preferable to public bureaucracy.This choice had important self-reinforcing policy feedback effects. Civil rights advocates were initially optimistic about agency implementation and skeptical about the efficacy of private litigation to enforce Title VII, even with attorney's fees for winning plaintiffs. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, however, civil rights advocates observed an agency lacking the material resources and political will and commitment to carry out its mission. At the same time, they observed levels of private enforcement that far exceeded their expectations, as well as courts inclined toward broadly proplaintiff interpretations of Title VII. The CRA of 1964's attorney's fees provisions also had the effect of contributing funds to civil rights groups that prosecuted lawsuits and of conjuring into being a private, for-profit bar to litigate civil rights claims in general, and job discrimination claims in particular. These developments drove a transformation in the enforcement preferences of civil rights groups toward private litigation, weakening their historic support for administrative implementation. Working together with the burgeoning for-profit civil rights bar, they mobilized to expand the fee-shifting provisions of the CRA of 1964 across the entire field of civil rights, which they accomplished by successfully lobbying for enactment of the Civil Rights Attorney's Fees Awards Act of 1976. Thus was created the modern civil rights enforcement framework.
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Hattam, Victoria. "The 1964 Civil Rights Act: Narrating the Past, Authorizing the Future". Studies in American Political Development 18, n. 1 (aprile 2004): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898588x04000045.

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Civil rights legislation of the sixties and seventies sought to end racial discrimination in the United States; doing so required that the federal government establish an official ethnoracial taxonomy in order to specify who was and was not covered by the various statutes. Specifically, the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965, the Fair Housing Act of 1968, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act of 1974, and the Home Mortgage Act of 1975 required federal agencies to identify particular groups to be monitored for evidence of discrimination. Since these statutes were enacted, scholars and activists have argued over their political effects. In fact, the questions raised are legion: Who has benefitted from civil rights protections? Has discrimination diminished or simply morphed into new forms? Who counts as a minority and on what grounds? How has the massive immigration of the last four decades intersected civil rights reform? Should foreign nationals qualify for civil rights protections? If yes, how do more recent claims to diversify fit with older notions that civil rights legislation as a means of redressing past wrongs?
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Loury, Glenn C. "Discrimination in the Post-Civil Rights Era: Beyond Market Interactions". Journal of Economic Perspectives 12, n. 2 (1 maggio 1998): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.12.2.117.

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This comment argues that discrimination against blacks remains important, especially in labor markets, but that its extent is modest both by historical standards and in relation to supply-side racial disparities. It contends that the racial skills gap is endogenous, reflecting the effects of historical and ongoing discrimination; and that the moral obligation to reduce disparities in skills between the races is no less than the obligation to fight market discrimination. Finally, it suggests that imperfect information may be a more pervasive and intractable cause of racial discrimination today than is behavior based on agents' purported distaste for associating with blacks.
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Skrentny, John D. "ARE AMERICA'S CIVIL RIGHTS LAWS STILL RELEVANT?" Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race 4, n. 1 (2007): 119–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742058x07070075.

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AbstractThe federal government created America's historic 1964 Civil Rights Act during a period of low immigration. The primary goal was to create equal opportunities for African Americans by ending Jim Crow discrimination in the South. Focusing on the issue of employment discrimination, and specifically employer preferences for immigrants, this article shows how the current period of high immigration from Latin America and Asia has created new challenges and dilemmas for Title VII, the employment discrimination title of the Civil Rights Act. Specifically, sociological evidence indicates that U.S. businesses are engaging in race-conscious employment focused on the perceived value of racial skills (special abilities of certain racial groups at particular jobs) and racial symbolism (organizational benefits from displaying certain races on the work force). Businesses hire Asians and Latinos, and especially immigrant Asians and Latinos, because of the perceived racial skills of these groups at low-status jobs that require strong work ethics and obedient attitudes. Corporate employers seeking skilled workers do not necessarily prefer immigrants. Instead, they seek minorities for the symbolic value of their diversity, for their general racial skills at bringing new ideas to the workplace, and for their racial marketing skills for growing non-White markets. I assess these developments from a legal perspective, showing that a combination of a lack of litigation and some key court decisions have prevented Title VII from regulating racial skills and racial symbolism and/or from offering protection for immigrants themselves.
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Berat, David. "Roma Rights and Discrimination Based on Ethnicity in Sweden (Göteborg, Vänersborg, Stockholm and Trollhätan)". SEEU Review 13, n. 1 (1 dicembre 2018): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/seeur-2018-0003.

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Abstract This article is about the rights of the Roma in Sweden and the level of discrimination that Roma are facing. The aims and objectives of the article is theoretical and practical understanding of the situation of the Roma and their human rights through our research and analysis of reports from international organizations, civil society organizations, deep interviews and data from the collected 57 questionnaires. The data is collected during the two study visits in November 2016 and February 2017. The article sumarises the actual situation of the Roma in Sweden and shows new data I have collected while visiting Göteborg, Stockholm, Vänersborg and Trollhättan. I did 4 deep interviews with representatives from Civil Right Defenders, Kronan School and members from UNHCR Sweden. The interviews were composed out of 22 questions about the current condition of Roma in Sweden, implemented projects for improving the Roma human rights, discrimination, police harasment, Roma register, legal remedies against discrimination, financial benefits if persuing education, non-governmental organization working for and with Roma, equitable representation of Roma in the state bodies, affirmative actions (positive discrimination), Romani political parties, allocated funds for projects improving the Romani situation, system of minority right protection, equality of Roma among the Swedish citizens. The questionnaire about discrimination is composed out of 15 questions about the forms of discrimination, feeling or witnesing discrimination, discrimination in delivering services, discrimination in employment, and reporting discrimination.
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Singer, Joseph William. "Public Rights". Law and History Review 38, n. 3 (agosto 2020): 621–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248020000036.

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Scott focuses on the conflicts in the state of Louisiana over a provision in the post-Civil War Louisiana Constitution of 1868 that guaranteed “public rights” to all regardless of race. While we still live with shockingly high levels of racial discrimination in public accommodations, front and center today are claims that the Constitution's guarantee of religious liberty requires exemptions from state laws that prohibit discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity. To understand the historical context within which we confront this issue today, it will help to understand how public accommodations law has changed over time through the course of United States history.
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Sutton, Halley. "Office of Civil Rights received record‐breaking number of discrimination complaints". Disability Compliance for Higher Education 29, n. 2 (24 agosto 2023): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dhe.31578.

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The U.S. Department of Education's Office of Civil Rights received a record‐breaking number of discrimination complaints filed between Oct. 1, 2021 and Sept. 30, 2022. During that time period, almost 19,000 discrimination complaints were filed. The previous record for discrimination complaints filed was 16,000 in 2016.
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Tesi sul tema "Civil rights - discrimination"

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Howard, Tamura Dawn. "The politics of civil rights framing the debate over access to higher education /". Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1798967311&sid=16&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Liu, Chi-hang, e 廖智行. "HIV/Aids-related stigma and discrimination: the case of Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31250701.

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Pierro, Joseph. "Everything in My Power: Harry S. Truman and the Fight Against Racial Discrimination". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9901.

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Any attempt to tell the story of federal involvement in the dismantling of America's formalized systems of racial discrimination that positions the judiciary as the first branch of government to engage in this effort, identifies the 1954 Brown v. Board of Education decision as the beginning of the civil rights movement, or fails to recognize the centrality of President Harry S. Truman in the narrative of racial equality is in error. Driven by an ever-increasing recognition of the injustices of racial discrimination, Truman offered a comprehensive civil rights program to Congress on 2 February 1948. When his legislative proposals were rejected, he employed a unilateral policy of action despite grave political risk, and freed subsequent presidential nominees of the Democratic party from its southern segregationist bloc by winning re-election despite the States' Rights challenge of Strom Thurmond. The remainder of his administration witnessed a multi-faceted attack on prejudice involving vetoes, executive orders, public pronouncements, changes in enforcement policies, and amicus briefs submitted by his Department of Justice. The southern Democrat responsible for actualizing the promises of America's ideals of freedom for its black citizens is Harry Truman, not Lyndon Johnson. The shift in white American opinion necessary for the passage of the civil rights acts of the 1960s was generated by the cumulative effects of actions taken between 1945 and 1953.
Master of Arts
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Johnson, Laura S. "GENDER DISCRIMINATION AND TITLE IX IMPLEMENTATION: LESSONS FROM THE OFFICE FOR CIVIL RIGHTS RESOLUTION LETTERS 1997-2011". UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/epe_etds/32.

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Gender discrimination, such as sexual harassment, sexual assault and inequitable treatment has long been considered a prominent issue on higher education campuses and is regulated under the Patsy Takemoto Mink Equal Opportunity in Education Act, commonly known as Title IX. Title IX is enforced by the Department of Education’s Office for Civil Rights (OCR) who responds to gender discrimination complaints on campus through investigations resulting in what are called OCR Resolution Letters. These letters define numerous policies and procedures Institutions of Higher Education (IHE) must put in place pertaining to the prevention of gender discrimination. This qualitative study looks specifically at the ways that gender discrimination on campuses of higher education was defined by the OCR from 1997-2011. The study explores the research questions (1) How have the types of conduct determined to be gender discrimination changed over time? (2) How have expectations of IHE responsibilities for gender discrimination issues changed over time? and (3) What gender discrimination issues have surfaced as priorities in the implementation of Title IX, as reflected in OCR resolution letters? Analysis of the letters using a social construction framework demonstrates that while the definitions of specific types of gender discrimination remained constant, the context in which they occur and the types of behaviors determined to be gender discrimination have both expanded in response to societal attitudes. The OCR tends to take the stance of being an ally vs. a punishing body when aiding IHEs in implementing Title IX; however IHE’s required investment in addressing the problem in both response and preventive measures has grown. Finally, OCR Resolution letters demonstrate that student on student interactions have been less common than faculty on student interactions. Implications for IHE practices and future research are discussed.
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Lopez, Victor. "LGBT Civil Rights vs. Religious Freedom: Determining the Constitutionality of Statutes that Prohibit Discrimination on Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Grounds in Areas of Public Accommodations". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1594.

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In this thesis I argue that First Amendment free speech and exercise claims do not grant religious business owners the ability to bypass statutes that prohibit discrimination on sexual orientation and gender identity grounds in areas of public accommodations. My arguments focus on the constitutional claims made in the case Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission. Furthermore, I determine that Congress can rely on both the Commerce Clause and the Fourteenth Amendment to pass legislation that prohibits discrimination on sexual orientation and gender identity grounds in areas of public accommodations. I argue that despite the Court’s holding in the Civil Rights Cases, Congress can regulate discrimination by private actors, not just state sponsored discrimination, through the Fourteenth Amendment. I analyze the potential avenues religious business owners can use to undermine both state and federal antidiscrimination statutes and have their discriminatory practices legally sanctioned. I conclude by arguing that religious exemptions do not belong in antidiscrimination statutes.
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Ostreim, Nicholas W. "Disability in America: A Minority Group for Everyone". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2010. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/52.

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July 26, 2010 marked the twentieth anniversary of the Americans with Disabilities Act; the greater implications of comprehensive disability policy are yet to be seen. Nearly twenty percent of Americans have a disability. With such a significant portion of Americans affected, is equal access to employment opportunities, transportation, and communication available? The history of disability in America tells a story of isolation and institutionalization. The civil rights movement of the 1950’s and 60’s opened up an opportunity for America’s most versatile minority group. A survey conducted by the International Center for the Disabled in 1986 showed sixty-six percent of non-institutionalized disabled individuals wished to be employed but did not have access to a job. The ADA attempts to knock down the societal barriers facing these individuals. Two decades later, the efficacy of the ADA is under fire. A series of legal battles during the 1990’s narrowed the scope of ADA regulations. The ADA Amendments Act of 2008 attempts to “restore the intent and protections” of the original bill but does it succeed? Disability rights experts and disabled citizens agree: there is much work to be done.
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Moses, Quentin Jamil. "The effect of the 1964 Civil Rights Act on black Americans". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1991. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/587.

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Chavez, Joseph John. "Proposition 209". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1783.

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Malbon, Justin Law Faculty of Law UNSW. "Indigenous rights under the Australian constitution : a reconciliation perspective". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Law, 2002. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/19044.

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This thesis examines the possibilities for building a reconciliatory jurisprudence for the protection of indigenous rights under the Australian Constitution. The thesis first examines what could be meant by the term ???reconciliation??? in a legal context and argues that it requires (1) acknowledgement of and atonement for past wrongdoing, (2) the provision of recompense, and (3) the establishment of legal and constitutional structures designed to ensure that similar wrongs are not repeated in the future. The thesis focuses on the last of these three requirements. It is further argued that developing a reconciliatory jurisprudence first requires the courts to free themselves from the dominant paradigm of strict positivism so that they are liberated to pay due regard to questions of morality. Given this framework, the thesis then sets out to examine the purpose and scope of the race power (section 51(xxvi)) of the Australian Constitution, with particular regard to the case of Kartinyeri v Commonwealth in which the High Court directly considered the power. The thesis concludes that the majority of the Court had not, for various reasons, properly considered the nature of the power. An appropriate ruling, it is argued, should find that the power does not enable Parliament to discriminate adversely against racial minorities. The thesis then proceeds to consider whether there are implied terms under the Constitution that protect fundamental rights. It is argued that these rights are indeed protected because the Constitution is based upon the rule of law. In addition constitutional provisions are to be interpreted subject to the presumption that its terms are not to be understood as undermining fundamental rights unless a constitutional provision expressly states otherwise. The thesis also considers whether there is an implied right to equality under the Constitution. The conclusion drawn is that such a right exists and that it is both procedural and substantive in nature.
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FARKAS, Lilla. "Mobilising for racial equality in Europe : Roma rights and transnational justice". Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/66916.

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Defence date: 20 April 2020 (Online)
Examining Board: Professor Claire Kilpatrick (EUI), Professor Bruno de Witte (EUI), Professor Colm O'Cinnedie (University College London), Professor Scott L. Cummings (University of California Los Angeles)
The thesis provides a transnational account of Roma rights activism over the last thirty years with a focus on five Central and Eastern European countries, where the majority of the European Union’s Roma live. It contributes to scholarly debate by (i) mapping ethnic/racial justice related legal opportunities; (ii) taking stock of legally focused non-governmental organisations; (iii) charting legal mobilisation in courts and enforcement agencies; (iv) presenting an alternative account of the transplantation of public interest litigation, and (v) ‘mapping the middle’ between dominant and critical narratives about the Open Society Foundations and white Europeans in the Roma rights field. Finding that international advocacy and litigation alone have been insufficient to generate social change, the thesis highlights the salience of indigenous practices. It points to the shortcomings of the elitist conception of legal mobilisation characterised by top-down, planned legal action and a focus of international NGOs. The thesis proposes to shift the limelight to the financial resources of strategic litigation, to a broad conception of collective legal action, and the necessity of investigating the role private individuals, NGOs, as well as public agencies play in promoting racial equality in general and Roma rights in particular in a transnational field. By scrutinising the ethno-political critique of Roma rights activism and pointing to its conflation with the critique of litigation - that resonates on both sides of the Atlantic - the thesis navigates between liberal internationalism and ethno-nationalism by acknowledging and celebrating organic cross-border cooperation, in other words “good transnationalism.”
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Libri sul tema "Civil rights - discrimination"

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California. Attorney General's Public Rights Division. Civil Rights Enforcement Section. Unlawful discrimination: Your rights and remedies : civil rights handbook. 3a ed. Sacramento, CA: California Dept. of Justice, Public Inquiry Unit, 2001.

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Lewis, Harold S. Litigating civil rights and employment discrimination cases. 2a ed. St. Paul, Minn: West Pub. Co., 1999.

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A, Schechter Ronald, Center for Community Justice (Washington, D.C.) e National Institute for Dispute Resolution (U.S.), a cura di. Mediating civil rights: The Age Discrimination Act. Washington, D.C: National Institute for Dispute Resolution, 1986.

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United States Commission on Civil Rights. Vermont Advisory Committee. Civil rights enforcement in Vermont. [Vermont]: The Committee, 1987.

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United States Commission on Civil Rights. West Virginia Advisory Committee. Civil rights issues in West Virginia. Washington, DC: U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, Eastern Regional Office, 2003.

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Perritt, Henry H. Civil rights in the workplace. 2a ed. New York: Wiley Law Publications, 1994.

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Rubin, Paula N. Civil rights and criminal justice: Employment discrimination overview. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National Institute of Justice, 1995.

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McCormick, Harvey L. Civil rights--discrimination (42 U.S.C.A. [section] 1983) handbooks. Columbia, Md: Hanrow Press, 1985.

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Massachusetts. Civil Rights Division. Disability Rights Project. Disability Rights Project: Civil Rights Division. Boston, Mass: Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Office of the Attorney General, 1993.

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Montana. Dept. of Transportation. Civil Rights Bureau., a cura di. Civil rights manual. 2a ed. [Helena, Mont.]: Montana Dept. of Transportation, Civil Rights Bureau, 2000.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Civil rights - discrimination"

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Lonsdale, Susan. "Discrimination and civil rights". In Women and Disability, 142–55. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20893-7_9.

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Edelman, Lauren B. "Law at Work: The Endogenous Construction of Civil Rights". In Handbook of Employment Discrimination Research, 337–52. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09467-0_17.

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Nadal, Kevin Leo Yabut. "A brief history of LGBTQ people and civil rights." In Dismantling everyday discrimination: Microaggressions toward LGBTQ people., 17–40. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0000335-002.

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Kihara-Hunt, Ai. "Discrimination against women in the sphere of marriage and family life". In Civil and Political Rights in Japan, 68–83. New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Routledge research in human rights law: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351180030-6.

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Dudziak, Mary L. "Discrimination and Diplomacy: Recovering the Fuller National Stake in 1960s Civil Rights Reform". In Handbook of Employment Discrimination Research, 203–18. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09467-0_10.

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Evola, Marco, Julia Jungfleisch e Tanasije Marinković. "Human Rights Law Through the Lens of the Gender Perspective". In Gender-Competent Legal Education, 217–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14360-1_7.

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AbstractThis chapter will provide an overview on several aspects of the gender perspective in Human Rights Law. The chapter will therefore look at the civil and political rights from a gender perspective, as well as social, economic and cultural rights of women, non-binary and LGBTIQA+ persons. The aim is to increase the students’ awareness for the gender perspective in international human rights protection, by providing an overview of currently discussed issues in this area. Such issues include the prohibition of gender-based violence, contemporary forms of slavery and trafficking in persons, the freedom of religion, the right to private life, access to justice for women, women’s (political) empowerment, the prohibition of economic and social discrimination, and women’s right to education.
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"Employment Discrimination". In Civil Rights in Wartime, 109–16. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315572246-18.

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Hernández, Tanya Katerí. "Multiracial Employment Discrimination". In Multiracials and Civil Rights, 16–38. NYU Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479830329.003.0002.

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This chapter will closely examine the context of employment discrimination as it is the arena in which the greatest number of multiracial discrimination claims are filed (as compared to other areas of discrimination law examined in later chapters). It will open with the story of Jill Mitchell, a light-skinned black and white biracial woman who experienced a dramatic change in workplace treatment after her supervisor discovered that his presumption that she was a mixed Hispanic white woman was erroneous. The chapter will delineate how Jill Mitchell’s story and the vast majority of cases filed entail allegations of non-white and specifically anti-black bias rather than prejudice rooted in hostility towards racial mixture itself. Moreover, the existing cases display judicial clarity in the administration of multiracial claimant allegations. The courts treat the claims as viable and apply anti-discrimination law in a conventional manner that permits claims to succeed unless the available evidence fails to meet legal standards. Additional onerous evidentiary burdens are not placed upon multiracial complainants. The chapter thus concludes that the cases do not justify the multiracial-identity scholar conjecture that multiracial claims are inadequately addressed.
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Cooper, Phillip J. "Gender Discrimination". In Civil Rights in Public Service, 376–452. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315719566-10.

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Sobol, Richard. "Employment Discrimination". In Voices of Civil Rights Lawyers, 324–44. University Press of Florida, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvx075qt.21.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Civil rights - discrimination"

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Králíčková, Zdeňka. "The Missing Concept of Cohabitation of the Couples of the Opposite-Sex in de facto Unions in the Czech Civil Code". In COFOLA 2021. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9981-2021-4.

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The paper deals with couples in de facto unions, especially the ones formed by a man and a woman. It seeks to define cohabitation and differentiate the rights and duties of cohabitees from the ones connected with the status relations between both the opposite-sex couples (marriage) and the same-sex couples (registered partnership). As there are seldom any kinds of agreements between cohabitees, special attention is devoted to the relevant legal rules in all the Books of the Czech Civil Code and their applicability to cohabitees during their relationship and after the break-up or upon the death of one of them. It is stressed that there is no difference between children born out of wedlock and within marriage. Once parenthood is legally established, there is no discrimination of non-married mothers and non-married fathers towards the children. And besides, there are special provisions that protect the weaker party: property claims of the non-married mother from the child´s father for a reasonable time and within adequate limits.
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ZHOROVA, Iryna, Serhiy DANYLYUK e Olha KHUDENKO. "Civic education of students by means of literature: european experience". In Învățământul superior: tradiţii, valori, perspective. "Ion Creanga" State Pedagogical University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46727/c.29-30-09-2023.p108-122.

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The article reveals the theoretical and methodical aspects of students’ civic education by means of literature. Emphasis is placed on the fact that in the conditions of unstable development of society, escalation of conflicts both between states and between fellow citizens, the issue of students’ civic education is actualized. The authors understand this concept as a form of social education, the formation of a citizen of a specific state, capable of successfully acting for the sake of preserving democracy and peace. Currently, informal education, in addition to the content of “social and civic competencies” that is understandable for Ukrainian educators, uses the term “competencies for the culture of democracy”, which, according to the authors, is a structured concept implemented in the European dimension of civic education. The authors emphasize that fiction affects human feelings and consciousness, it is a powerful means of moral, aesthetic and civic education. Through artistic images, writers provide an opportunity to form their attitude to the events described, to draw certain conclusions, to reflect on universal values, on the actions of one or another character, to see models of civic active/passive behavior. The article analyzes the European experience of civic education, in particular Great Britain and Germany. The authors take into account the literature of these countries and identify aspects that can serve as a basis for students’ civic education, compare them with the Ukrainian realities of civic education. The authors present the main vectors of civic education in Germany, which are determined by the content of literary works and encourage pluralism of opinions, tolerance for the views and judgments of others, motivate students to actively participate in civic life, awareness of the value of freedom, respect for human dignity, the right to self-expression, responsibility for an individual’s moral choice. The works are also the basis for establishing in teenagers such democratic values as the right to life, to fair treatment, dignity, freedom from discrimination, the right to equality, understanding the need to protect one’s rights and the rights of other people.The analysis of content concepts of literature for pupils in Great Britain shows that the priorities of civic education are national patriotism and the education of a law-abiding citizen. The textual material of the works and civic education lessons help pupils to better understand different forms of governance and their impact on citizens; to understand the responsibility and functions of management and the duties of citizens; to acquire socio-cultural experience that gives the opportunity to feel morally, socially, politically, legally competent and protected in society and to take direct part in the activities of civil society institutions. In Finland, the basic democratic values of the national core curriculum are open democracy, equality, responsibility for one’s own choice. An important focus of education in Finnish high school is gaining experience in shaping the future based on joint decisions and interaction.Taking into account the global trends of digitization, the authors considered digital technologies to be educational innovations in students’ civic education (electronic textbooks (not just digitized, but interactive, with virtual 3D materials that teachers can compose at their discretion), textbook scans for download, various materials: interactive laboratories, virtual museums, forums for teachers to communicate, etc.).
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Yordanov, Sasho, Petyr Yordanov e Ivaylo Zdravkov. "MODERN PRACTICE AND METHODS FOR INTEGRATION THROUGH GOLF". In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONGRESS “APPLIED SPORTS SCIENCES”. Scientific Publishing House NSA Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37393/icass2022/12.

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ABSTRACT Summary: Introduction: Modern developed and civilized society is based on the principles of democracy, humanism, and pluralism. In his social center stands the person - the person with individual rights, duties, and responsibilities. People are born different, unique, with individual desires, opportunities, dreams, and interests, but with equal rights in society. Equality and the absence of any discrimination is a fundamental principle in advanced civil societies and social systems. Methodology: In the research process, we have applied: informational research, document analysis, and historical analysis, conclusions, based on personal experience, monitoring, synthesis, and theoretical analysis. Results: Based on this pilot study have been created practical recommendation for integration through golf. Discussion: The results obtained suggest that golf can successfully enhance integration processes in society, as well as improve the social inclusion of all social groups at risk. Golf has immense potential for combating youth unemployment, provoking and developing the various social knowledge, skills, and competences that everyone needs, regardless of their social status, gender, race, or ethnicity. Conclusion: It is of the utmost importance for society to continue to work on the topic by promoting and guaranteeing greater impact on problems and solutions in this area, promoting good practices for integration and social inclusion.
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Man, Carmen Mihaela, e Camelia Slave. "Students Return after COVID-19 Crisis". In 7th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2023 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.2023.197.

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The pandemic caused by the SARS-COV-2 virus led to social distanc­ing measures in this context, universities temporarily closed in Romania and most states of the world. The educational process has moved to the online en­vironment, taking place through online platforms. According to General Com­ment No. 13 of the Committee for Economic, Social and Civil Rights 140, ed­ucation is characterized by four elements in an interdependent relationship, namely availability, accessibility, acceptability, and adaptability. Thus, the state must provide institutions and educational programs, which provide li­braries and digital facilities, accessible to students. The accessibility of educa­tional institutions refers to three aspects: non-discrimination, accessibility from a geographical point of view, and accessibility from an economic point of view, which implies that education does not involve too high costs. Acceptability concerns aspects related to the form and content of education, from teaching methods to the curriculum, and adaptability represents how the educational process can adapt to the needs of changing societies.
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Stefanovska, Vesna. "STIGMATIZATION AND CRIMINALIZATION OF THE HOMELESSNESS: SOME PERSPECTIVES IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA". In SECURITY HORIZONS. Faculty of Security- Skopje, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.20544/icp.3.6.22.p20.

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Homelessness is a phenomenon present in all countries of the world. In almost all major cities, in certain parts, i.e. inhabited or abandoned places, homeless people can be found begging or sleeping on the street, on a bench, under bridges, in makeshift houses with substandard housing conditions. Such images are numerous and show the ugly side both of the highly developed countries and of the poor and underdeveloped countries of the Global South. The topic is often debated and researched in the public-political sphere, as well as in the academic or civil sector, and encompasses many issues: human rights and discrimination of the homeless, social protection and social prevention policies, housing policy and other structural factors related to poverty and unemployment in the countries, health and mental condition of the homeless, humanism and solidarity versus marginalization and social exclusion of this vulnerable category. In this paper, the process of stigmatization and criminalization of homeless people will be specially elaborated. Additionally, certain phenomenological and etiological aspects will be analysed, as well as certain conditions in Macedonia related to the registration and social protection policies related to homelessness as a social problem. Keywords: homeless people, stigmatization, pathway to homelessness, social exclusion
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Pimenta, Jucilane Costa, e Pablo Yuri Ferreira Silva. "Race relations in Brazil and the construction of black identity in the educational scenario". In III SEVEN INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY CONGRESS. Seven Congress, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/seveniiimulti2023-139.

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In this article we present some reflections on racial issues that permeate society in the 21st century, after 134 years of the abolition of slavery. In view of recent statistical data that prove how unequal the paths experienced by black people are compared to the paths of white people in political, economic and social circles. The problematization of racial relations has progressively expanded in Brazilian society in the last decade, as well as debates on the subject. This problematization involves both the daily practices of these relationships, clashes and political actions, and the conceptual constructions related to them. We experience several social differences, and racism is the basis for understanding the social inequalities that still embarrass Brazilian society. The unacceptable distances that still separate blacks from whites, in the middle of the 21st century, which reflect on unequal access to goods and services, the job market, higher education, as well as the enjoyment of civil, social and economic rights. The racial practice affects the subjectivity of human beings, that is, in the construction of their identity. Dialogue about racism or any racial issue is still a challenge. Seeking to discuss, demystify white cultural attitudes, which are factually rationalized by a dominant and oppressive group, which nowadays have undergone modifications, is an obstacle to be faced, since, for the most part, discrimination is camouflaged.
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Nichita (Vasile), Camelia Elena, Miruna Angela Mutu e Iliana Maria Zanfir. "Trafficking in Human Beings in the Context of Global Ethics". In 2nd International Conference Global Ethics - Key of Sustainability (GEKoS). LUMEN Publishing House, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/gekos2021/21.

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The concept of “Global Ethics” refers to the analysis and identification of ethical solutions to the challenges of the contemporary world. Among the current global problems we bring to the fore: illegal immigration as a component of human trafficking, but also other global issues interdependent with the two crimes above: violation of human rights and freedoms, poverty, resource scarcity, discrimination, illegal international business and trade, all of which, requesting from the authorities and beyond, legislative and ethical solutions. Legal migration is the widely accepted form globally, since it can be determined over time, but also controlled in terms of the number of people, fields and jobs. Illegal migration is the alternative used by people who cannot use the legal route to go abroad. A component of trafficking in human beings, illegal migration is a global scourge, hard to control, caused by organised criminal groups, but also by the increasing ingenuity of criminals. Although the phenomenon is manifesting itself worldwide, it is accentuated by the fact that there is a lack of appropriate legislation and an effective system of cooperation between government institutions and civil society.Trafficking in human beings must be related to the causes that led to its emergence: discrimination in the labour market revealed by high unemployment rates (women vs. men), poverty combined with low remuneration for work performed, corruption of authorities, poor border control, restriction of legal migration opportunities, internationalization of criminal groups correlated with high profits from human trafficking, poor information of people who want to emigrate about the real effects of the labour market. Knowing this phenomenon, but also of the causes that cause it to occur, determines the process of working for knowledge, resolution and fight against it. The present work is intended to be a source of information that makes available to those interested that information about illegal migration, as well as how state structures can and should be involved in the situation.
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Sander Pires, Alex, Carla Dolezel Trindade e Simão Aznar Filho. "Be Free to Communicate on Social Media, but Respect the Values of Education!" In 6th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2022 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.2022.171.

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The technological revolution and the search for the “new post-pandemic normality” require a re-reading of the freedoms of communi­cation (freedom of expression and freedom of information), in order to con­ceive, in the face of the change of the paradigm of digital actors to three el­ements (individual, state and company), a new system that brings togeth­er the public and the particular which can be called collective and private, capable of forming awareness for peace in the face of the guarantee of the right to non-discrimination, centered on the balance between the legal and the civic possible through the binomial instruction-respect, that is, the indi­vidual recognition of respect for human dignity as guided by human rights in the perspective of fundamental freedoms in the posting and sharing of infor­mation on social networks, as oriented by the education values.
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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Civil rights - discrimination"

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Kothari, Jayna, Deekshitha Ganesan, I. R. Jayalakshmi, Krithika Balu, Prabhu C. e Aadhirai S. Tackling Caste Discrimination Through Law: A Policy Brief on Implementation of Caste Discrimination Laws in India. Centre for Law and Policy Research, marzo 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.54999/gjkp8801.

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CLPR undertook a study to review the implementation of the laws relating to caste discrimination in India – the Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955, the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 and the Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and their Rehabilitation Act, 2013. The study focuses on the four Southern states – Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Kerala – and analyses data from the Crime in India report of the National Crime Records Bureau, reports of the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, and case law from High Courts and the Supreme Court of India.
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Robinson, Kimberly. Protecting Education as a Civil Right: Remedying Racial Discrimination and Ensuring a High-Quality Education. Learning Policy Institute, dicembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54300/407.455.

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