Tesi sul tema "Circuits électroniques – Bruit – Mesure"
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Ouchelouche, Larbi. "Conception et réalisation d'un adaptateur électronique microonde programmable pour mesures de bruit sous pointes". Limoges, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIMO0187.
Testo completoSadiki, Mohammed. "Contribution à l'étude de la tétrode M. O. S : conduction et bruit de fond basse fréquence". Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20108.
Testo completoLong, Sabine. "Etude du bruit dans les composants et circuits actifs aux fréquences millimétriques". Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30164.
Testo completoTimofeeva, Maria. "Sonde magnétique inductive de haute sensibilité et conditionneur adapté très faible impédance : Perspectives de détection mixte Electrique : Magnétique, sans contact, à haute sensibilité, pour impédance-métrie résolue en volume". Caen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CAEN2049.
Testo completoThis PhD thesis was carried out in the framework of a contract CIFRE between the GREYC laboratory and the company Inphynix. The objective is the study and development of high performance magnetometers, based on search coils and associated transimpedance amplifier with a perspective of simultaneous measurement of both Electric E and Magnetic H fields. The magnetometer specifications were a high bandwidth, a high dynamic range and a small volume occupancy. A theoretical and experimental study of compact search coils dedicated were performed. The spatial resolution for search coils with different geometrical forms was studied. Differential current amplifiers and transimpedance amplifiers optimized for this application were studied especially for differential signal mode transfer and noise. An original differential search coil based magnetometer, made of coupled coils, operating in flux mode and connected to a differential transimpedance amplifier has been developed. It was shown that this structure is better than two separated coils in terms of volume occupancy, spatial resolution, noise and low cut-off frequency. The structure of an original mixed E-H field sensor and its amplifier has been defined. Key words: Search coil sensor, Magnetometer, Transimpedance amplifier, Differentiel current amplifier, Spatial resolution, mixed E-H field sensor
Chambon, Cédric. "Étude du bruit électrique dans les dispositifs fonctionnant en régime non linéaire : application à la conception d'amplificateurs micro-ondes faible bruit". Toulouse 3, 2007. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/110/.
Testo completoThis work deals with the study on high frequency noise when components and active circuits are working under large signal conditions. It could be the case for broadband receivers fitted with low noise amplifiers, which are desensitized by blocking signals. Mixers and oscillators are also under consideration. Firstly, a behavioural modelling is described and allows us to point out the interaction of white noise with a sinusoidal signal. The theoretical model is compared to several conditions of operation, and we obtained satisfying agreements. Many amplifiers are tested and compared; at least, the behavioural modelling is used to study their additive noise. The second part is dedicated to measurement techniques we have developed for this work. We are capable to measure noise figure and noise parameters of microwave active devices functioning with strong power signals. We also propose an original method which provides the four noise parameters of discrete components or amplifiers working under large signal condition. The results we have found are indirectly compared to residual phase noise measurements. After all, the last part affects the design of low noise amplifiers working under nonlinear condition. Various silicon bipolar transistors have been characterized, and a figure of merit have been set in order to find the best component taking into account noise figure and linearity. Finally, simulations and experimental results demonstrate the interest of designing circuits working under strong nonlinear regime
Gribaldo, Sébastien. "Modélisation non-linéaire et en bruit de composants micro-ondes pour applications à faible bruit de phase". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00339514.
Testo completoDufay, Basile. "Optimisation d'un magnétomètre à haute sensibilité à base de Magnéto-Impédance Géante (MIG)". Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00747006.
Testo completoAlawar, Maya. "Micromachining and Packaging of Smart Probes for mmW on-Wafer Measurements". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ULILN036.
Testo completoAdvanced silicon technologies, such as BiCMOS B55X from STMicroelectronics, which target fT/fmax cutoff frequencies above 400 GHz, are enabling the development of silicon circuits in the 140-220 GHz range (G-band). To validate these technologies, microwave characterization methods for on-wafer measurements are essential to extract the figures of merit of transistors, passive circuitry and associated parasitics. However, broadband circuits like noise sources (NS), noise receivers and impedance tuners at these frequencies are very incompletely covered by the market offer. Previous research demonstrated that embedding measurement functions directly onto silicon in BiCMOS B55 technology is possible, but this in-situ approach or built-in self-test (BIST) has certain limitations, particularly in terms of the silicon surface allocated to the test circuits alone and also because embedded BIST instrumentation cannot be used for another technology.This thesis broadens the applicability of measurement instrumentation beyond the B55X process and aims to reduce testing costs by transitioning from BIST to smart probes. This new approach focuses on integrating measurement functions into compact systems placed as close as possible to the measurement probes for ex-situ measurements.Building on earlier research achievement as part of a previous thesis, the first-ever packaged NS based on SiGe BiCMOS 55-nm technology was developed and characterized in two distinct configurations. In a first flavor, on-wafer noise measurements yielded an extracted excess noise ratio (ENRav) level of 37 dB in the 140-170 GHz. In an alternative approach, the NS was packaged in a split-block with a WR5.1 flange termination for connection to commercial passive probes, achieving an ENRav level of up to 25 dB in 140-220 GHz corresponding to a 12 dB ENR reduction when compared to the on-wafer measurements.To improve on this work, a key achievement of the present thesis is the development of Ground-Signal-Ground (GSG) probes for on-wafer measurements fabricated using femtosecond laser micromachining with a resolution between 5-10 µm. These probes made from 100 µm thick Schott AF32 glass substrate bonded to a 10 µm thick nickel sheet, demonstrate improved mechanical durability and electrical performance. Nickel was chosen for the tip contacts due to its mechanical hardness and superior electrical properties, which minimize contact resistance and extend probe lifespan. Mechanical testing revealed that while glass-only probes failed at a contact force of 196 mN, the nickel-glass probes withstood forces up to 667 mN. Additionally, these probes achieved low-resistance electrical contacts (0.05 Ω above 6 mN), as verified through four-wire measurements on a single contact point.Furthermore, this research introduces a novel substrate technology that integrates an amplified NS B55X chip onto a glass interposer to reduce dielectric and transition losses. Using femtosecond laser micromachining, the interconnects are precisely structured, allowing the integration of the NS chip on the same substrate used to manufacture the coplanar probing tips, with the advantage of simplifying the signal propagation path. This system achieved a tunable ENRav level of up to 29 dB in the 140-170 GHz range, with constant output impedance matching better than -12 dB across the entire frequency band. This innovation allows for the integration of the GSG probes with the NS to perform on-wafer noise measurements.This research opens new possibilities for cost-effective, scalable millimeter-wave active probes for on-wafer measurements. Their adaptable design makes them suitable for diverse applications, advancing circuit characterization and high-frequency semiconductor testing
Belquin, Jean-Maxence. "Développement de bancs de mesures et de modèles de bruit de HEMT pour la conception de circuits "faible bruit" en gamme d'ondes millimétriques". Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL10035.
Testo completoNguyen, Thi Kim Thanh. "Interaction entre deux circuits mesoscopiques pour la mesure du bruit". Phd thesis, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00175563.
Testo completoquasiparticules, ou, de manière plus intéressante, est du à la réflexion d'Andreev. La théorie du blocage de Coulomb dynamique est utilisée pour calculer le courant continu qui passe dans le circuit de détection, procurant ainsi une information sur le bruit à haute fréquence. Dans la deuxième partie de cette thèse, la source de bruit est connue : elle provient d'une barre de Hall avec un contact ponctuel, dont les caractéristiques de courant-tension et de bruit sont bien établies dans le régime de l'effet Hall
quantique fractionnaire. Un point quantique connecté à des bornes source et drain, qui est placé au voisinage du
contact ponctuel, acquière une largeur de raie finie lorsque le courant fluctue, et se comporte comme un
détecteur de bruit de charge. Nous calculons le taux de déphasage du point quantique dans le régime de
faible et de fort rétrodiffusion, tout en décrivant l'effet de l'écrantage faible ou fort de l'interaction
Coulombienne entre la barre de Hall et le point quantique.
Calvet, Sébastien. "Contribution à la réduction de l'émission parasite des micro-contrôleurs en CMOS sub-micronique". Toulouse, INSA, 2003. http://eprint.insa-toulouse.fr/archive/00000266/.
Testo completoEnguehard, Cédric. "Analyse et Mesure des Structures Différentielles RF Faible Bruit". Limoges, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIMO4008.
Testo completoThe constant improvement of the radio-frequency receivers require industrial and research laboratories to improve the limits of noise sensitivity. After many years where noiseless technology brings the most important improvements, differentials architectures open new prospective. Already widespread in the low-frequencies, differentials architectures are increasingly used in RF and millimetre frequencies applications. This thesis study differentials circuits and provide new tracks for the definitions of noise parameters and measurement methodology. The analytical studies are performed using mixed mode, noise waves, chaining theory of RF components. The results are validated by simulations and measurements
Cizel, Jean-Baptiste. "Développement d’un circuit de lecture pour un calorimètre électromagnétique ultra-granulaire". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLX088/document.
Testo completoThis work takes place in the design project of the electromagnetic calorimeter for the future International Linear Collider (ILC) within the CALICE collaboration. The final calorimeter will be made of 82 million of PIN diodes; this is where the term “high granularity” comes from. The need for a read-out ASIC is a consequence of this high number of detectors, knowing that the dimensions of the electromagnetic calorimeter are a big constraint: the standard electronics is not an option. This work starts from an existing ASIC called SKIROC2. This state-of-the-art read-out chip has been designed by the Omega laboratory, a member of the CALICE collaboration. The performances on testboard and in the detector environment have been measured. It allowed to conclude on the advantages and drawbacks of using SKIROC2 in the calorimeter. After that the focus has been made on the design of a new read-out chip based on SKIROC2. The main goal was to preserve the good performances of SKIROC2 while trying to correct the encountered issues. This new ASIC has been developped in a newly released technology available during the design phase. Therefore the design has been started from scratch. The final chip is composed of building blocks rather than a ready-to-use read-out chip. Three charge preamplifier designs have been tested, the general architecture of a read-out channel being largely inspired by SKIROC2
Nguyen, Thi Kim Thanh. "Coupling between two mesoscopic systems towards the measurement of noise". Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2007AIX22056.pdf.
Testo completoPérichaud, Marie Geneviève. "Évaluation de la fiabilité des adhésifs conducteurs en remplacement des brasures étain/plomb pour la réalisation des assemblages électroniques type CMS". Bordeaux 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR12268.
Testo completoAlaeldine, Ali. "Contribution à l'étude des méthodes de modélisation de l'immunité électromagnétique des circuits intégrés". Rennes, INSA, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2008ISAR0016.
Testo completoNowadays, the steep growth of mass-market complex electronic systems is the source of numerous electromagnetic disturbances, to with an increasing number of integrated circuits (ICs) are becoming more and more susceptible. Therefore, predicting the behaviour of integrated circuits to electromagnetic aggression, conducted or radiated, is a topical demand. This thesis introduces a new simulation methodology aimed to assess the conducted and radiated immunity of integrated circuits in their environment. The whole study was conducted thanks to a multi-core integrated circuit which was initially intended for the validation of low-emission design techniques; this circuit also made it possible to define new design rules to increase the immunity of integrated circuits against electromagnetic interference. This thesis is organized as follows. In the first chapter, an investigation of several electromagnetic disturbance sources and their influences on the behavior of integrated circuits is presented. Moreover, in the same chapter, the existing measurement methods for IC susceptibility to conducted and radiated, either continuous harmonic or fast transient pulses, are detailed. In the second and third chapters, complete electrical models for the simulation of conducted immunity are presented, with respect to continuous harmonic (DPI - Direct Power Injection) and fast transient (VF-TLP - Very Fast Transmission Line Pulsing) injection modes, respectively; furthermore, simplified electrical models for power losses and IC substrates are introduced. In the fourth chapter, a complete immunity simulation model for the near field (radiated) injection method is established and validated by measurements on the integrated circuit encapsulated in normal and unshielded packages. Finally, the fifth chapter is focused on the demonstration of the validity of suggested emission reduction techniques for susceptibility reduction, as well as their classification according to their respective efficiencies and costs. The prospective of this thesis lies in the development of pre-manufacturing immunity prediction models for integrated circuits; these models can be used for the immunity simulation of an IC located on a printed circuit board inside a complex system
Cathebras, Gyslaine. "Appareil automatique de mesure de bruit dans la gamme 5 Mhz-800 Mhz, géré par microordinateur (IBM PC)". Montpellier 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON20072.
Testo completoN'Gongo, Simplice Rufin. "Modélisation électromagnétique des circuits planaires : application à l'influence du boîtier". Toulouse, INPT, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPT006H.
Testo completoRhouni, Amine. "Étude de fonctions électroniques en technologie ASIC pour instruments dédiés à l’étude des plasmas spatiaux". Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066593.
Testo completoThe development of instruments to be embedded on board satellites and space probes allows to study, in situ, the earth and sun relationships and more generally the solar wind and planetary ionized environments. The study of these phenomena requires a combination of instruments to characterize both waves and particles. We are interested in the integration, in a standard technology CMOS 0. 35 μm, of space instruments electronic, especially the analogue amplification chain of induction magnetometers and the amplification / discrimination chain of particle detectors. Important work on amplification structures was carried out in order to significantly reduce consumption and increase the sensitivity of the processing electronic chain for the particle detector. Thus, the feasibility of an integrated multichannel electronic for the particle analyser using a hemispherical electrostatic optical and containing up to 256 pixels, has been proven. Reducing the low frequency noise level in circuits based on MOS devices has always been a tedious task, since this type of components is the basis, not intended for such a range frequency. It was therefore necessary to design original amplification structures by the not usual size of their input transistors. This solution has significantly reduced the input equivalent noise of magnetometers amplification electronic. The advantage of using CMOS technology is the low current noise, the low power consumption and the overcrowding problem resolving. Obtained results in validation and radiation tests are very satisfactory. They can open the way for a possible integrated electronic in space instrumentation
Bruguier, Guy. "Evaluation et adaptation de logiciels de simulation de circuits électroniques : modélisation de composants en irradiation transitoire". Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20048.
Testo completoGodet, Sylvain. "Instrumentation de mesure sur puce pour systèmes autotestables : application à la mesure de bruit de phase basée sur des résonateurs BAW". Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/987/.
Testo completoThis works deals with an integrated phase noise test bench for BAW resonators. The technology which has been used is the SiGe: C 0. 25 µm BiCMOS7RF process from ST Microelectronics. A current trend is to integrate testing facilities next to more or less complex circuits. The integrated test bench for measuring phase noise can relieve us of the constraints of external probing measurement and high cost. The simultaneous integration of the test circuit with the systems to measure also allows to fully exploiting component matching possibilities available on the same substrate. On-chip measurement greatly simplifies the testing process, minimizing the use of bulky external measurement equipment and high cost. It also allows following the system characteristic variations, in time or after various damages. This measure leads naturally to the design of self-testable, therefore self-reconfigurable, ICs. The goal of this thesis was to define the component architectures and the design of the integrated phase noise test bench, depending on the measurement accuracy. We show that this highly performance instrumentation system can be integrated in a standard SiGe technology
Boucher, Luc. "Analyse, modélisation et réduction du couplage de bruit par le substrat dans les imageurs CMOS". Toulouse, ENSAE, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ESAE0002.
Testo completoKhalkhal, Abdelaziz. "Contribution à la caractérisation de processus technologiques CMOS : étude de structures de test destinées à la mesure de capacités des composants élémentaires". Montpellier 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON20208.
Testo completoRedon, Nathalie. "Réalisation d'un banc de mesure du bruit basse fréquence (10Hz-10MHz) à température variable : application à la caractérisation de composants électroniques". Littoral, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000DUNK0048.
Testo completoToday, telecommunication is a growing economic field so high frequency systems are more and more important ; however, low frequency noise measurements are still necessary. Indeed, low frequency noise limits components performances, as for oscillators and mixers. A low frequency noise measurement set-up with temperature control (77K- 330K) is realized. The main problem is to extract the random signal of the device under test from the total noise of the measurement set-up. Two systems were designed : one for noise voltage source and the other for noise current source. Choosing the accurate system depends on the impedance of the device under test. Automated static and dynamic set-up were therefore first developed. Three types of component were characterized : a pre-amplifier based on CMOS-transistors made at LIS in Paris, a last generation bipolar transistor (BFP420 – Siemens), and many diodes based on conducting polymers : light-emitting diodes developed at IEMN in Lille and Schottky diodes designed at LPSCM in Marrakech (Maroc). For each device, measurement conditions were inspected so noise sources of the component were accurately determined, all parasitic sources from noise measurement set-up being previously evaluated
Baudin, David. "Development of a CdTe spectro-imaging for space application". Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASS019.
Testo completoThis manuscript details the work in the scope of a hard X-Ray spatial instrumentation project. Previous developments have reached the design and fabrication of a Cadmium Telluride detector (CdTe) allowing precise photoelectric conversion of light in the hard X-Ray energy range (1keV – 100 keV).This thesis describes all of the design steps of a charge conversion integrated circuit with several specificities: a good spectral resolution, a good spatial resolution, and a four-side abutability.This work organizes through three principal steps. The technology choice for integrated circuit fabrication. The design, fabrication and test of prototypes dedicated to develop the circuit architecture. In addition, the design and test of the final circuit named IDeF-X D²R₂. This circuit of 8.5 mm x 8.5 mm, contains 1024 pixels matrix of 32 x 32) of 250 x 250 µm² each of one allowing charge measurement with a low noise of 40 electrons, a dynamic up to 110 000 electrons (500 keV CdTe), for a nominal power consumption of 200 µW/pixel. A system approach has been done to be compatible to a 32 channels analog to digital converter developed prior to the thesis named OWB-1 leading to a digital output spectro-imaging system. Developments and results are promising for the conception of modular detection plan for future spatial missions in the hard X-Ray energy range, allowing study of energetic celestial objects
Godet, Sylvain. "Instrumentation de mesure sur puce pour systèmes autotestables. Application à la mesure de bruit de phase basée sur des résonnateurs BAW". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00509145.
Testo completoTounsi, Patrick. "Méthodologie de la conception thermique des circuits électroniques hybrides et problèmes connexes". Toulouse, INSA, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ISAT0039.
Testo completoDavid-Grignot, Stéphane. "Mesure de bruit de phase faible coût à l'aide de ressources de test numériques". Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS055/document.
Testo completoIn recent decades, the microelectronics industry has experienced a wide democratization of the use of telecommunication applications. The improved process design and manufacturing have produced complex and high performance analog, mixed and radio frequency circuits for these applications. However, the test cost of these integrated circuits still represents a large part of the manufacturing cost. Indeed, very often, analog testing is not just a functional test but needs measurements for specification validations. These measurements require the use of dedicated instruments expensive resources on standard industrial test equipment.One of the essential but costly specifications to validate in RF circuitry is the phase noise level. The currently used industrial technique consists in capturing the signal from the circuit under test using an RF tester channel equipped with a high performance analog to digital converter; a Fourier transform is then applied to the digitized signal and the phase noise is measured on the resulting spectrum.The approach proposed in this thesis is to achieve the phase noise measurement using solely digital low-cost resources. The basic idea is to perform 1-bit capture of the analog signal with a standard digital channel and develop post-processing algorithms dedicated for phase noise evaluation from the zero-crossings of the signal.Two methods are presented. The first method is based on an estimate of the instantaneous signal frequency and an analysis of their dispersion induced by phase noise. This method imposes a strong constraint on the sampling frequency to be used and proved to be sensitive to noise amplitude, limiting the range of possible measures. A second method is then proposed to overcome these limitations. From the binary capture of the analog signal, a reconstruction of the instantaneous phase of the signal is carried out, then filtered and characterized by a common tool of frequency stability assessment: the Allan variance. This technique, robust to amplitude noise and jitter, can be parametrized and enables efficient characterization of phase noise without fundamental constraint.In addition to the simulations, these techniques are subject to a stochastic study and are validated experimentally on different types of signals to be measured - artificially generated or from chips on the market - and with different measuring instruments - on oscilloscope or industrial tester, in laboratory and on a production line-. An On-chip implementation is also proposed and validated with a FPGA prototype
Gabelli, Julien. "Mise en évidence de la cohérence quantique des conducteurs en régime dynamique". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011619.
Testo completoà travers un circuit RC mésoscopique quantique. Nous avons confirmé que la résistance de relaxation de charge d'un tel circuit est constante et égale au demi quantum de résistance h/2e^2. Cette étude a été suivie de la mesure de l'admittance d'un contact ponctuel quantique (CPQ) où nous avons mis en évidence un effet inductif des barres de Hall reliant le CPQ aux
contacts ohmiques et mesuré une inductance cinétique quantifiée. Une dernière partie de ce travail de thèse concerne la caractérisation de la statistique de photons émis par un conducteur à l'équilibre thermique. Nous avons démontré qu'il est possible, à l'aide d'une expérience de type Hanbury-Brown & Twiss sur des photons GHz, d'étudier la statistique quantique
des photons émis par un conducteur quantique.
Brahimi, Houda. "Étude en bruit de systèmes optiques hyperfréquences modélisation, caractérisation et application à la métrologie en bruit de phase et à la génération de fréquence". Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1018/1/Brahimi_Houda.pdf.
Testo completoOptical devices are more and more used in microwave systems, taking benefit of the low losses of optical fibers, of their small size and their immunity to electrical parasitic signals. An example of these systems is the microwave optical oscillator, either based on optical resonators or delay lines, which can deliver ultra high spectral purity signals. However, the performance of these systems is dependent on the performance of the devices used for the electrical to optical or optical to electrical conversions, the chosen optical modulation technique, the necessary microwave amplifiers, the devices biasing circuits, the quality of the optical fiber and, above all, the topology chosen to build the whole system. It is thus important to be able to compute the system phase noise using an appropriate modelling approach. This thesis allowed us to develop such approach using specific microwave circuit design software: Agilent ADS. This software has been designed in the 1990s in order to take into account the frequency conversion phenomena between the noise sidebands around the different harmonics of the RF signal (including DC). This software may be used to simulate the microwave parts of a microwave optical system. However, it generally does not include any specific model for the optical devices involved in these systems. A solution to this problem is to find a representation of these devices which can be implemented in the microwave simulator, using either an equivalent electrical circuit or a mathematical model. Finally, a Mach-Zehnder modulator based optical link and its noise performance is successfully described. A model is proposed for an optical delay line microwave frequency discriminator and also for an optical discriminator. Thanks to this study, an optical delay line microwave frequency discriminator is designed and realized. The phase noise performance of this system corresponds to the state of the art
Chay, Cyril. "Etude du bruit basse fréquence dans les transistors bipolaires à hétérojonction issus de technologies avancées sur filières Si/SiGe et Si/SiGeC". Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20199.
Testo completoChrétien, Nicolas. "Électroniques dédiées à l'asservissement d'oscillateurs et à la mesure physique à l'aide de capteurs à ondes élastiques". Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01056972.
Testo completoLegou, Thierry. "Etude et réalisation d'une chaîne d'instrumentation numérique rapide pour l'identification des ions". Caen, 2002. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002517.
Testo completoPortalier, Elodie. "Etude du bruit excédentaire, en 1/f, aux basses fréquences dans les dispositifs basés sur l’effet Magnéto-Impédant Géant". Caen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CAEN2041.
Testo completoThe Giant Magneto-Impedance effect (GMI) consists in the large variation of the impedance of a ferromagnetic conductor excited by a high frequency alternative current and submitted to a variation of an external magnetic field. This thesis work presents the study of the low frequency, 1/f, excess noise in GMI based devices. The latter limiting the noise performances of the device. The determination of the noise contribution of each stage of the instrumentation channel including the polarization stage, the sensing element and the electronic conditioning stage have been determined using frequency coherence measurements. We have shown that the low frequency noise level is strongly dependent upon the excitation conditions. This original technic has permitted the evaluation of the intrinsic noise of the GMI based device. Furthermore, a frequency dependent theoretical model of the intrinsic noise of the GMI microwire is proposed. The latter takes into account the mechanism of the magnetization direction fluctuations as the cause for the instrinsic noise of the microwire. From the Fluctuation-Dissipation theorem, we express the equivalent magnetic noise power spectral density. The latter is directly proportional to the frequency dependence of the imaginary part of the magnetic susceptibility,. Thus, two experimental methods are implemented in order to evaluate it. Finally, a comparison is carried out between the equivalent magnetic noise level measured and expected. A good agreement is found implying that the noise model proposed is efficient to reasonably quantify the low frequencies excess noise of GMI microwires
Grima, Marie-Line. "Conception d'un récepteur radiofréquence en technologie intégrée pour les systèmes de radioastronomie du futur". Orléans, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ORLE2052.
Testo completoBourguignon, Thibaut. "Implémentation et évaluation de la mesure Overlay in-situ par microscopie électronique pour la production de puces électroniques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALT001.
Testo completoIntegrated circuits are manufactured via a stack of various layers. The precise alignment of these layers, known as "overlay" (OVL), is critical to chip reliability. The specifications are very strict: on a 300mm-diameter wafer, each pattern must be aligned to within a few nanometres. Current methods, based on optical observation of dedicated test patterns, show their limitations in terms of representativeness and assessment of local variability.This thesis proposes an innovative approach, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), to accurately measure these local variations and to understand the biases induced by the test patterns. To this end, an algorithm for measuring the overlay from SEM contours has been developed. By registering reference contours on the extracted contours, the overlay is measured directly on the product, without the need for a specific test pattern, even in the presence of partially masked levels.Following the evaluation of this method on synthetic images, its application to production wafers enabled us to quantify the local variability of the overlay on the product, highlighting deviations from on-line measurements, while revealing the limits of SEM-OVL metrology
Fremont, Hélène. "Test de circuit intégrés par faisceau d'électrons : étude de la mesure de potentiel à travers les couches isolantes". Bordeaux 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR10579.
Testo completoRousseau, David. "Contribution à l'étude du traitement de l'information dans les processus physiques non linéaires : résonance stochastique et rôle bénéfique du bruit". Angers, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ANGE0024.
Testo completoNonlinear physical processes exhibit much richer dynamics than linear processes; some of their specific behaviors are of interest for information processing. We focus on one of these typically nonlinear behavior: stochastic resonance, which manifest the possibility to enhance the transmission or the processing of a useful signal by certain nonlinear systems by means of an increase of the noise in the system. Present developments about stochastic resonance can be organized in three main axes: the pursue of fundamental analysis, the study of stochastic resonance in natural neurons and the search for technological competitive applications of stochastic resonance. In this work, we propose our contribution to these three main axes of development of stochastic resonance. Within this perspective, we examine different signal processing problematics (transmission, detection and estimation) in different nonlinear physical processes. We study the influence of noise on the performance of information processing involving different nonlinear systems like nonlinear sensors with saturations, arrays of nonlinear devices or bistable dynamic systems. We consider different signal--noise mixtures: linear or nonlinear (with the specific case of phase noises)
Levy, Jean-Pierre. "Les circuits de distribution : théorie, méthode et structures : un essai de mesure comparative de l'impact du conflit et de la coopération sur la performance du détaillant dans les circuits de distribution des produits électroniques domestiques au Canada : étude exploratoire et confirmatoire". Paris 12, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA122000.
Testo completoChusseau, Laurent. "Contribution à la conception de circuits intégrés AsGa : modélisation du MESFET AsGa et étude des effets de propagation et de couplage dans les CI logiques BFL AsGa : caractérisation en bruit des transistors hyperfréquence faible bruit AsGa". Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112024.
Testo completoThis work presents two contributions to the CAO of GaAs Monolithic Integrated Circuits. A/ The study of the effects of propagation and coupling on GaAs BFL logic circuits with a new time simulator : MACPRO. A MESFET model adapted to high speed digital circuits was established as well as the signal degradation in BFL circuits due to signal carrying lines as well as bias lines ( Thesis n°3862, Paris-Sud University, Orsay) b/ The design of an automatic noise measurement set up for law-noise microwave GaAs transistors. A programmable input tuner was fabricated and a new method for the numerical extraction of the four noise parameters from the measurements was validated. The results obtained for a short gate length TEGFET are included
Souare, Papa Momar. "Effets thermiques dans les empilements 3d de puces électroniques : études numériques et expérimentales". Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EMSE0766/document.
Testo completoToday we are witnessing an evolution of mobile electronic systems to more advanced features. The complexity of mobile electronic systems requires an increase in computing power of electronic chips, which can lead to the use of aggressive CMOS technology, but which now completed with a technique called 3D integration. It is more of a classical evolution across the transistor following Moore's law but that of the wider scale of the packaging / system, it is called the law of "More than Moore". Three dimensional (3D) stack of electronic chip generates an increase in the density of total power dissipated per unit area of the final stack. This power, essentially resulting in the Joule effect transistors and interconnection, is a source of heat which contributes to increase the overall temperature of the chip. The global objective of this thesis is to study the heat transfer in a 3D stack of chips during operation. We will seek to understand the geometric or materials effects of the stack and the impact of the placement of TSV, Bumps ... on these heat exchanges. The study is based on numerical simulations validated by experimental measurements on 3D stacks. These numerical and experimental studies have as a goal to deduce thermal design rules that will be validated in the drawing of basic or more complex circuits. In the following, these goals will be motivated and discussed in detail. The establishment of a thermal model based on finite element simulations of an industrial process 3D CMOS 65 nm will address the problem of modelling the most accurate way possible. Indeed, previous simulations used compact models - so that the lower accuracy of finite elements - and a generic method that does not reflect all of the properties of materials, and in particular interfaces. The results obtained will be validated by measurements on stacked chips carried out within the process concerned. In the experimental part, the objective is to determine a thermal mapping in a 3D stack using sensors embedded in the silicon, and under different conditions of 3D chip process. This will provide a numerical model validated and calibrated by experimental measurements
Bordet, Maxime. "Contribution du bruit aux phénomènes de résonance et à la propagation de l'information dans les réseaux électroniques non linéaires". Thesis, Dijon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DIJOS051/document.
Testo completoThis manuscript presents research aiming to show possible positive effects of deterministic and stochastic perturbations on the responses of different nonlinear systems. To that end, both numerical and experimental studies were carried out on two kinds of structures : an elementary electronic FitzHugh-Nagumo oscillator and an electrical line developed by resistively coupling 45 elementary cells. In the first section, the elementary cell characterization was undertaken in a deterministic regime. In the presence of a bichromatic stimulus, it is shown that when the low frequency component is subthreshold, its detection can be maximized for an optimal magnitude of the second component thanks to vibrational resonance. Next, it is established that this resonance may be enhanced for specific frequencies of the second component ; this phenomenon is referred to as frequency resonance. Furthermore, white and colored noise sources effects on vibrational resonance are reported. Then, for any other bichromatic excitation configuration, attention was focused on ghost stochastic resonance. Contrary to the other phenomena introduced in this manuscript, this one differs in the fact that the frequency of interest in the system output is here not applied on the input. Finally, the last part of the manuscript is devoted to the study of the coupled structure. It is shown that information propagation through line cells can be enhanced by vibrational propagation and noise assisted propagation phenomena. These nonlinear effects respectively occur when the system is under a high frequency deterministic perturbation or a random noise source
Alaeldine, Ali. "Contribution à l'étude des méthodes de modélisation de l'immunité électromagnétique des circuits intégrés". Phd thesis, INSA de Rennes, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00355945.
Testo completoHedayat, Sara. "Conception et fabrication de neurones artificiels pour le traitement bioinspiré de l'information". Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1I039/document.
Testo completoCurrent computing technology has now reached its limits and it becomes thus urgent to propose new paradigms for information processing capable of reducing the energy consumption while improving the computing performances. Moreover, the human brain, is a fascinating and powerful organ with remarkable performances in areas as varied as learning, creativity, fault tolerance. Furthermore, with its total 300 billion cells, is able to perform complex cognitive tasks by consuming only around 20W. In this context, we investigated a new paradigm called neuromorphic or bio-inspired information processing.More precisely, the purpose of this thesis was to design and fabricate an ultra-low power artificial neuron using recent advances in neuroscience and nanotechnology. First, we investigated the functionalities of living neurons, their neuronal membrane and explored different membrane models known as Hodgkin Huxley, Wei and Morris Lecar models. Second, based on the Morris Lecar model, we designed analog spiking artificial neurons with different time constants and these neurons were fabricated using 65nm CMOS technology. Then we characterized these artificial neurons and obtained state of the art performances in terms of area, dissipated power and energy efficiency. Finally we investigated the noise within these artificial neurons, compared it with the biological sources of noise in a living neuron and experimentally demonstrated the stochastic resonance phenomenon. These artificial neurons can be extremely useful for a large variety of applications, ranging from data analysis (image and video processing) to medical aspect (neuronal implants)
Aparicio, Rodriguez Marina. "Modelling and Simulation of the IR-Drop phenomenon in integrated circuits". Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00998547.
Testo completoDormieu, Benjamin. "Modélisation compacte des transistors MOS nanométriques pour applications radiofréquences et millimétriques". Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10194/document.
Testo completoThis work focuses on the evaluation and the improvement of models dedicated to compact MOS transistor for RF and millimeter-wave applications. Compact models have been extended from analog and digital applications to reach the field of radiofrequency electronics. However, their development is facing new challenges mainly related to the increasing impact of parasitic elements on the operation of the transistor. This research is particularly motivated by the advent of high-k/metal gate technology, which raises new issues for the electrical behavior of the gate resistance. To face the new behaviors with both geometrical and applied voltage variations, a new distributed topology of the input network is proposed. In parallel, a comprehensive characterization of HKMG transistor is achieved, both in terms of RF small signal and noise. Confrontation of compact models with recent measurements confirmed the presence of excess noise in the components. The investigation of new approaches for the modeling and the extraction of RF MOS transistors is also conducted, by using two types of dedicated structures that are measured in RF and millimeter range. They facilitate the extraction of model parameters for devices with isolated well. 4-port measurements are also shown to be promising for a MOS model extraction. Eventually, these works cover a significant portion of parasitic effects degrading the performance of the MOS transistor in the RF and millimeter domains
Traore, Papa Silly. "Introduction des techniques numériques pour les capteurs magnétiques GMI (Giant Magneto-Impedance) à haute sensibilité : mise en œuvre et performances". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAT061/document.
Testo completoThe Giant Magneto-Impedance (GMI) is a large change of the impedance of some soft ferromagnetic materials, supplied by an alternating high-frequency excitation current, when they are submitted to an external magnetic field. This thesis presents the design and performance of an original digital architecture for high-sensitivity GMI sensors. The core of the design is a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) which controls two other key elements: a Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS) and a Software Defined Radio (SDR) or digital receiver. The choice of these digital concepts is justified by the will to reduce the conditioning electronics noise that limits the equivalent magnetic noise level. The latter characterizes the smallest measurable field by the sensor. The developed conditioning system is associated with the off-diagonal magnetic configuration in order to increase the intrinsic sensitivity of the sensitive element. This magnetic configuration consists of the use of an additional a pick-up coil wound around the ferromagnetic material. This association also makes it possible to obtain an asymmetrical characteristic (odd function) of the sensor response near the zero-field point and to consequently allow for sensor implementation and use without any bias magnetic field. Thus, this choice eliminates, or at least minimizes, the problems related to the offset cancelling of the GMI devices. Also, it validates the advantage of this magnetic configuration, especially the choice of the operating point. Modeling of the noise performance of the entire measurement chain, including the digital conditioning, is performed. A comparison between the expected and measured equivalent magnetic noise levels is then carried out. The results yield general optimization laws for a digital GMI sensor. Using these laws, an optimized prototype of a GMI sensor is designed and implemented on FPGA. An equivalent magnetic noise level in a white noise zone region of approximately 1 pT/√ Hz is obtained. Furthermore, this work also makes it possible to validate the interest of digital techniques in the realization of a high-sensitivity measuring devices
Singh, Kamal Priya. "Etude théorique et expérimentale des résonances stochastiques et interactions entre bruits dans un laser vectoriel bistable : applications à la bascule de Schmitt et à la dynamique du climat". Rennes 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REN1S007.
Testo completoPruvost, Sébastien. "Etude de faisabilité de circuits pour systèmes de communication en bande millimétrique, en technologie BiCMOS SiGeC 0,13 µm". Lille 1, 2005. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2005/50376-2005-176.pdf.
Testo completoBatista, Emmanuel. "Nouvelles structures électroniques pour le transport électrique : impacts des nouvelles contraintes d'intégration sur les interférences électromagnétiques et moyens de prévision de la compatibilité électromagnétique". Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/747/.
Testo completoHigh integration of power system allows a significant reduction of power architecture weight and volume. As a consequence, high current densities and high voltage potentials produce considerable electric and magnetic near-field in confined volume. This new electromagnetic (EM) context induce a new EMCompatibility (EMC) problematic. The work presented here include an experimental switching noise and an EM near-field radiation of power component studies. The multi-physic approach is discussed, especially the electro/thermic/EM links. These complex physic phenomenons are hardly reachable and need a suitable modelling to be correctly tackled. The power signals are wide-range frequency, from a few hertz to a few MHz and are part of both low and high frequencies. Furthermore, power modules are build on complex dielectric/conductive interfaces currently non-symmetric. Conventional numeric methods don't solve these two points. In this memoir, we will give details on the modelling strategy choice and on industrial applications. Some examples will be analysed such as signal integrity problematic and near-field couplings