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Shi, Hao Yu, Runxuan Pang, Jing Yang, Di Fan, HongXin Cai, Heng Bo Jiang, Jianmin Han, Eui-Seok Lee e Yunhan Sun. "Overview of Several Typical Ceramic Materials for Restorative Dentistry". BioMed Research International 2022 (18 luglio 2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8451445.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
With the development of ceramic technology, prosthodontic ceramics are becoming a useful option for improving esthetic outcomes in dentistry. In this paper, various ceramic materials were reviewed and evaluated, and their advantages and disadvantages and indications in oral prosthodontics were analyzed objectively. The properties of resin-based ceramics, polycrystalline ceramics, and silicate ceramics were compared and analyzed. Resin-based ceramics may replace other ceramic materials in the CAD/CAM field.
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Rabinovich, E. M. "Ceramic Materials for Electronic Packaging". Journal of Electronic Packaging 111, n. 3 (1 settembre 1989): 183–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3226532.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The paper reviews ceramic materials that are used or can be used in electronic packaging. Main attention is given in relatively new packaging materials such as highly thermal conductive AlN and SiC (BeO-doped) or low-firing cordierite and spodumene glass-ceramics. Application of sol-gel processes in preparation of ceramic powders is discussed.
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Scolaro, Juliano Milczewsky, Jefferson Ricardo Pereira, Accácio Lins do Valle, Gerson Bonfante e Luiz Fernando Pegoraro. "Comparative study of ceramic-to-metal bonding". Brazilian Dental Journal 18, n. 3 (2007): 240–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402007000300012.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Dentists and technicians have used dental ceramics associated with different types of alloys without taking into account the characteristics of compatibility of these materials. Knowing the properties of the alloy and ceramic used in metal/ceramic restorations is a key factor for treatment success. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bond strength of a palladium-silver alloy (Pors-on 4) to 3 ceramics (Ceramco, Noritake and Vita VMK-68) using shear forces at the metal-ceramic interface. A stainless steel cylindrical matrix was used for preparation of the metal dies, application of ceramic and shear strength testing. Thirty palladium-silver alloy cylinders received two layers of opaque and two layers of body porcelain, and shear tests were performed in a universal testing machine at a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/min. Shear bond strength means (in MPa) were: 28.21(Ceramco), 28.96 (Noritake) and 24.11 (Vita VMK-68). One-way ANOVA did not show statistically significant differences (p>0.05) among the materials. The results of this study indicate that the three evaluated ceramic systems are suitable to be used in combination with the tested palladium-silver alloy.
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Guo, X. L., P. X. Cao, H. N. Liu, Y. Teng, Y. Guo e H. Wang. "Tribological Properties of Ceramics Tool Materials in Contact with Wood-Based Materials". Advanced Materials Research 764 (settembre 2013): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.764.65.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Tribological properties of ceramic cutting tool materials in contact with wood based materials were studied in this paper by examining how Al2O3-ceramics and Si3N4-ceramics behave in dry sliding experiment in contact with wood-based materials and by comparing their behavior with tungsten carbide material at the same time. It had been found that the ceramics exhibited much better tribological properties than tungsten carbide material, and Si3N4-ceramic performed better than Al2O3-ceramics. The Al2O3-ceramics with an addition of ZrO2 had better tribological performance than the common Al2O3-ceramics in contact with wood-based materials. The tungsten carbide had better tribological performance than ceramics in tribological contact with wood flour/PE material. A well-marked difference occurred in various cutting materials/MDF frictional pair, but the differences in various cutting materials/PB frictional pair were insignificant. An increase of the normal force didn’t result in any significant decrease of the friction coefficient. An addition of ZrO2 in the Al2O3-ceramics could inhabit corrosive wear.
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Ndukwe, Agha Inya, Chukwuma Daniel Okolo e Benjamin Uchenna Nwadirichi. "Overview of corrosion behaviour of ceramic materials in molten salt environments". Zastita Materijala 65, n. 2 (15 giugno 2024): 202–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.62638/zasmat1128.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study reviewed previous studies between the years 2015 and 2021 on how ceramic materials degraded in the presence of molten salt environments. The processes of corrosion resistance of various ceramic compositions subjected to various molten salt compositions and temperatures were also scrutinized. The results offer important new insights into the variables affecting ceramics' corrosion behaviour and the production of corrosion products. The reported result reveals that the ceramic material with the composition (Sm0.5Sc0.5)2Zr2O7 performed better than that of Sm2Zr2O7 in terms of hot corrosion resistance in molten salt (V2O5 + Na2SO4). It has also been reported that corrosion behaviour is influenced by particle size. Notably, zirconia (n-YSZ) with nanoscale grain sizes was more susceptible to hot corrosion, which was explained by increased specific surface areas. On the other hand, sintering and additives have been found to enhance corrosion resistance. The Y-Y2Si2O7 ceramic's resistance to corrosion in (V2O5 + Na2SO4) molten salt was enhanced by the addition of alumina. The results of these investigations help us understand how corrosion works and what influences ceramic materials' susceptibility to deterioration in molten salt media. This information can direct the creation of more corrosive-resistant ceramic materials for use in high-temperature environments or molten salt-based energy systems, among other corrosive uses.
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Kajdas, C. K. "Tribochemistry of Selected Ceramic Materials". Solid State Phenomena 113 (giugno 2006): 339–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.113.339.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Ceramics, especially nitrides, oxides and carbides, offer advantages over conventional tribological mating elements. Such solids usually are very stable chemically. However, under friction conditions they become quite reactive. It is even possible to say that the friction and wear behavior of ceramics might be more sensitive to the environment than friction and wear behavior of metals. Considering the present trend towards the incorporation of these ceramics in tribological applications, the importance of a more comprehensive understanding of the ceramic surface physics and chemistry cannot be overestimated. The primary aim of this paper is to present some physicochemical factors that may influence the wear process of ceramics and account for some specific tribological findings related to lubrication of these materials from the view-point of a better understanding of their tribochemistry. Model of ceramic reaction with water, implying the effect of triboelectron emission process, leads to the generation of acidic and basic active sites. The model is mostly focused on silicon nitride tribochemistry. It accounts well for the formation of specific silicon compounds from silicon nitride lubricated with water and alcohols. The model is based on the emission process of low-energy electrons during friction with generation of positively charged sites (Si+) and free radicals (N●). Interaction of the emitted low-energy electrons with water or alcohol molecules (HOH, ROH) produces negative HO‾ or RO‾ ions, respectively and hydrogen radicals (H●). The described model provides a better understanding of silicon nitride tribochemistry than previous ones. The same is due to other ceramics.
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Voloschuk, D. S., V. V. Anisimov e N. A. Makarov. "CERAMIC MATERIALS BASED ON Al2O3 FOR LTCC APPLICATION". Steklo i Keramika, n. 12 (dicembre 2022): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/glc.2022.12.pp.021-026.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the paper presents an overview on the topic of obtaining high-temperature (HTCC) and low-temperature (LTCC) ceramics. The topic observe transition from a high-temperature process of obtaining ceramic materials to a low-temperature. Typical LTCC production process and the characteristics and properties of a “classic” glass ceramic composite described hereof. The main directions of application glass ceramics obtained by LTCC technology are shown.
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Supeliuk, T. M., e L. L. Maslennikova. "Ceramic Materials Using Oil Contaminated Soil". Materials Science Forum 1088 (18 maggio 2023): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-tuq6p9.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The paper considers the possibility of utilization of oil-contaminated mineral waste when obtaining products of architectural and garden ceramics, or ceramic bricks. The aim of the study was to develop compositions of a ceramic charge, using oil-contaminated soil, in the form of loam and sand, instead of a weaker, that meet the requirements of state standards for operational characteristics. Optimal compositions and physical and mechanical characteristics of the obtained ceramic materials are presented. To study the composition of technogenic raw materials and the structure of synthesized ceramic materials, X-ray phase and differential thermal methods of analysis and atomic absorption spectrometry were used. An assessment of the environmental efficiency of utilization of oil-contaminated mineral waste is given, which shows a significant decrease in the anthropogenic load on the environment when obtaining ceramic products with improved operational characteristics.
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Denry, Isabelle L. "Recent Advances in Ceramics for Dentistry". Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine 7, n. 2 (aprile 1996): 134–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10454411960070020201.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
For the last ten years, the application of high-technology processes to dental ceramics allowed for the development of new materials such as heat-pressed, injection-molded, and slip-cast ceramics and glass-ceramics. The purpose of the present paper is to review advances in new materials and processes available for making all-ceramic dental restorations. Concepts on the structure and strengthening mechanisms of dental ceramics are provided. Major developments in materials for all-ceramic restorations are addressed. These advances include improved processing techniques and greater mechanical properties. An overview of the processing techniques available for all-ceramic materials is given, including sintering, casting, machining, slip-casting, and heat-pressing. The most recent ceramic materials are reviewed with respect to their principal crystalline phases, including leucite, alumina, forsterite, zirconia, mica, hydroxyapatite, lithium disilicate, sanidine, and spinel. Finally, a summary of flexural strength data available for all-ceramic materials is included.
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Sugiyama, Toyohiko, Keiji Kusumoto, Masayoshi Ohashi e Akinori Kamiya. "Environmental Friendly Ceramic Building Materials". Key Engineering Materials 690 (maggio 2016): 150–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.690.150.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The global warming is one of the most serious problems. The decrease of CO2 emissions in our daily life is an important subject today. Recently, an application of water retentive materials as a paving material has attracted a great deal of attention in Japan. This material is effective for reducing heat island phenomenon, which is also a recent problem in many cities in Japan. Water retained in the material during rainfall evaporates when heated by sunshine. The latent heat absorbed by evaporating water works to cool the surroundings. The water retentive ceramic products are expected to be useful for building materials as well as pavements. Several performances are required on the water retentive ceramics when it is used as building materials. Its cost and quality are the important factors. Porous ceramic materials formed by pressing without firing is one of ideal low cost and eco-friendly candidates. The porous ceramics is also expected to be produced from recycled ceramic materials. By optimizing its composition and forming method, a water retentive material with high performance was developed. The trial product had the properties as follows; fracture toughness: 1300N, bending strength: 175N/cm, water absorption: larger than 30%, and precision in size (length): +-0.5mm for 150mm. The product showed also enough frost resistance. In this paper, the fundamental properties of the porous ceramics prepared without firing are discussed with referring to the results of the field experiments.Another subject recently studied by several tile manufactures in Japan is the glazed tile with high solar reflectance. The exterior walls covered with such a high solar reflectance tile keeps the surface temperature of the wall lower under the strong sunshine of summer. It is effective against heat-island phenomenon. In this paper, the outline of the research results on visible and infrared reflectance of many kinds of glazes is also discussed.
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Sun, Chuan, Yun Kai Li, Hu Wang, Ming Ming Wan, Yun Fei Wang e Quan Zhen Jiang. "On the “Ceramic Constrained by Metal” Composite Materials". Advanced Materials Research 833 (novembre 2013): 266–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.833.266.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Ceramics are widely used in every field of contemporary industrial because of its many excellent properties. However, its mechanical property is great brittleness and small toughness for the characteristics of internal chemical bond, which restricts its application range to a large extent. Therefore, how to improve mechanical properties of ceramic materials has been attracted a great attention in the relevant area. For ceramics using at room temperature, a method which can avoid brittle failure by metal confinement outside of ceramics is given. And the feasibility of this method is discussed. Three point bending tests were conduct on ZrO2 ceramics with and without lateral confinement separately. Base on the much of experimental conclusion, the bending strength of ceramic with lateral confinement was improved largely.
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Razgulyaeva, Valeriya M., Irina A. Pavlova e Elena P. Farafontova. "Felsite in Ceramic Materials Production". Defect and Diffusion Forum 410 (17 agosto 2021): 704–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.410.704.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This project is devoted to the study of the felsite properties for the purpose of its application in the production of various types of fine ceramics: ceramic tiles, acid-resistant tiles, aluminosilicate proppants, etc. Felsite is a mixture of quartz (about 40%) and feldspars. In the compositions of ceramic masses, felsite can play the role of both nonplastic due to the quartz content, and flux due to the content of feldspars, that reduces the amount of mixture components. When felsite is fired, the melt appears at a temperature above 950°C. The felsite has a sintering effect when fired at a temperature of 1000°C. Glass phase enriched with SiO2 ensures the absence of material deformation after firing. Also, glassy phase provides high-acid and chemical resistance of materials based on it. In addition, after firing above 1150°C, felsite has a light color, which is a great advantage in comparing it as a melt with other iron-alkali-containing materials. Ceramics based on felsite does not require the use of opacified glazes.
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Savvova, O. V., G. K. Voronov, O. I. Fesenko, Yu O. Smirnova e E. Bairamov. "Innovative directions of development of ceramic materials for dentistry". Кераміка: наука і життя, n. 1(50) (17 marzo 2021): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.26909/csl.1.2021.3.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The need to improve the level of dental health of the population of Ukraine was identified. The prospects for the use of ceramic prostheses to provide quality medical care in dentistry have been established. An analytical review of various types of ceramic and glass-ceramic materials used as dental prostheses for tooth replacement: porcelain, alumina, zirconium oxide, glass-ceramics based on leucite and lithium disilicate and mica with the addition of fluorides. Peculiarities of the structure and operational properties of ceramic and glass-ceramic materials for dentistry have been identified, their advantages and disadvantages have been established. The effectiveness of the use of glass-ceramic materials based on lithium disilicate for dental prosthetics is substantiated. The basic lithium silicate system was selected and glasses for obtaining glass-ceramic crowns based on lithium disilicate by the method of high-temperature pressing and calcium phosphate-silicate system for obtaining glass-ceramic coatings were synthesized.
The methodological approach to the development of glass-ceramic prostheses based on lithium disilicate is determined. The limits of the compositions of oxide components are determined and raw materials for the synthesis of the glass matrix are selected. The technological parameters of melting (T = 1350 – 1400ºС) and heat treatment with simultaneous formation of products (stage of nucleation T = 600 – 650ºС, τ = 30 – 60 min; stages of formation T = 900ºС, τ ≈ 20 min) are selected. The composition of fluoroapatite glass-ceramic coating for glazing of glass-ceramics and the mode of its firing (T = 800 – 850ºС, τ ≈ 1,0 – 1,5 min) were determined. The serviceability of the developed glass-ceramic samples DL st.glass, which were obtained by the technology of high-temperature pressing, are determined.
The comparative analysis of glass-ceramic prostheses for dentistry allowed to establish that the operational properties of the developed glass-ceramic prostheses according to ISO 6872:2015 are at the level of world analogues. This will allow them to successfully compete in the Ukrainian market with well-known foreign counterparts and help ensure the social priorities of the state in the field of health care.
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Yi, Xianfei. "Progress of ceramic materials in the application of armor protection". Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 73 (29 novembre 2023): 274–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v73i.12987.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Bulletproof ceramics have emerged as crucial elements within contemporary ballistic protection systems, aiding in safeguarding individuals and assets against various threats. As the demand for enhanced protection continues to rise, understanding the evolution and advancements in ceramic armor materials becomes imperative. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the evolution, properties, and advancements in ceramic armor materials. The nuanced comparative study of these ceramics includes highlighting the distinct ballistic properties of each, with a particular emphasis on the balance between hardness and potential fragility, as well as Silicon Carbide’s promising composite ceramics. The paper spotlights the transformative potential of graphene-modified ceramics, functional gradient materials, and micro-laminates. Alumina ceramics underscore the significance of microstructural optimization and the role of grain size adjustments. Conclusively, this paper offers a panoramic view of the past, present, and future trajectories of ceramic armor materials, advocating for continued research and innovation in this critical domain.
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Hotza, Dachamir, e Antonio Pedro Novaes de Oliveira. "New Silicate Glass-Ceramic Materials and Composites". Advances in Science and Technology 68 (ottobre 2010): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.68.1.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
New silicate glass-ceramic compositions have been investigated due to their interesting chemical, mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. LZSA glass-ceramics based on -spodumene (Li2O•Al2O3•4-10SiO2) and zircon (ZrSiO4) crystalline phases have shown good chemical resistance, high bending strength as well as high abrasion resistance, when compared with traditional ceramic materials, and coefficient of thermal expansion from 4.6 to 9.110-6 °C-1. These features basically depend on the nature, size and distribution of the formed crystals as well as on the residual glassy phase. The nature of the formed crystalline phases and consequently the final properties can be controlled by modifying the chemical composition of the parent glass and also by adequate selection of the heat-treatment parameters. The classical fabrication of glass-ceramic materials consists on the preparation of monolithic glass components followed by heat treatments for crystallisation. However, this technology requires high investments and can be justified only for large production. A viable alternative could be the production of glass-ceramics processed from glass powders and consolidated by sintering using the same equipments of traditional ceramic plants. This work reports the manufacturing and characterization of glass-ceramic materials and composites processed by pressing, injection moulding, extrusion, casting, replication, and rapid prototyping.
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Wu, Shuo, Yuantao Zhao, Wenge Li, Weilai Liu, Yanpeng Wu e Fukang Liu. "Research Progresses on Ceramic Materials of Thermal Barrier Coatings on Gas Turbine". Coatings 11, n. 1 (11 gennaio 2021): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11010079.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) play a vitally important role in protecting the hot parts of a gas turbine from high temperature and corrosion effectively. More and more attention has been paid to the performance modification of ZrO2-based ceramics and seeking for new ceramic materials to meet requirements of gas turbine TBCs. The working principle, merits, and demerits of main technologies for coating preparation are elaborated in this paper, and the properties of new ceramic materials are reviewed. It is found that the thermal conductivity, thermal stability, mechanical properties, and other performances of traditional ZrO2-based ceramics could be improved effectively by doping modification. The emphases for new ceramic materials research were put on pyrochlores, magnetoplumbites, rare-earth tantalates, etc. Rare-earth tantalates with great potentials as new top ceramic materials were described in detail. In the end, the development directions of advanced top ceramic coatings, combining doping modification with preparation technology to regulate and control structure property of high-performance ceramic material, were put forward.
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Wu, Shuo, Yuantao Zhao, Wenge Li, Weilai Liu, Yanpeng Wu e Fukang Liu. "Research Progresses on Ceramic Materials of Thermal Barrier Coatings on Gas Turbine". Coatings 11, n. 1 (11 gennaio 2021): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11010079.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) play a vitally important role in protecting the hot parts of a gas turbine from high temperature and corrosion effectively. More and more attention has been paid to the performance modification of ZrO2-based ceramics and seeking for new ceramic materials to meet requirements of gas turbine TBCs. The working principle, merits, and demerits of main technologies for coating preparation are elaborated in this paper, and the properties of new ceramic materials are reviewed. It is found that the thermal conductivity, thermal stability, mechanical properties, and other performances of traditional ZrO2-based ceramics could be improved effectively by doping modification. The emphases for new ceramic materials research were put on pyrochlores, magnetoplumbites, rare-earth tantalates, etc. Rare-earth tantalates with great potentials as new top ceramic materials were described in detail. In the end, the development directions of advanced top ceramic coatings, combining doping modification with preparation technology to regulate and control structure property of high-performance ceramic material, were put forward.
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Rafikova, Guzel, Svetlana Piatnitskaia, Elena Shapovalova, Svyatoslav Chugunov, Victor Kireev, Daria Ialiukhova, Azat Bilyalov, Valentin Pavlov e Julia Kzhyshkowska. "Interaction of Ceramic Implant Materials with Immune System". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, n. 4 (20 febbraio 2023): 4200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24044200.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The immuno-compatibility of implant materials is a key issue for both initial and long-term implant integration. Ceramic implants have several advantages that make them highly promising for long-term medical solutions. These beneficial characteristics include such things as the material availability, possibility to manufacture various shapes and surface structures, osteo-inductivity and osteo-conductivity, low level of corrosion and general biocompatibility. The immuno-compatibility of an implant essentially depends on the interaction with local resident immune cells and, first of all, macrophages. However, in the case of ceramics, these interactions are insufficiently understood and require intensive experimental examinations. Our review summarizes the state of the art in variants of ceramic implants: mechanical properties, different chemical modifications of the basic material, surface structures and modifications, implant shapes and porosity. We collected the available information about the interaction of ceramics with the immune system and highlighted the studies that reported ceramic-specific local or systemic effects on the immune system. We disclosed the gaps in knowledge and outlined the perspectives for the identification to ceramic-specific interactions with the immune system using advanced quantitative technologies. We discussed the approaches for ceramic implant modification and pointed out the need for data integration using mathematic modelling of the multiple ceramic implant characteristics and their contribution for long-term implant bio- and immuno-compatibility.
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Pogodin, A. I., M. J. Filep, S. Vorobiov, V. Komanicky, T. O. Malakhovska, O. P. Kokhan e V. V. Vakulchak. "Preparation and ionic conductivity of Ag8GeS6-based ceramic materials". Semiconductor Physics, Quantum Electronics and Optoelectronics 26, n. 3 (20 settembre 2023): 270–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/spqeo26.03.270.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Herein we present the results of the study of ceramic materials made on the basis of Ag8GeS6 powders with different dispersion. The average grain size of microcrystalline powders is 10…20 µm, and that of nanocrystalline powders is ~140 and ~180 nm, respectively. The powdered materials were investigated using the XRD and SEM methods. The Ag8GeS6-based ceramic samples were obtained by annealing (1073 K) of pressed (400 MPa) discs. Investigations of the ceramics surface by using the SEM and EDS methods indicate the homogeneity of the chemical composition of the obtained ceramics. The electrical conductivity of the obtained ceramics was studied using impedance spectroscopy in a wide frequency (1·101…3·105 Hz) and temperature (293…383 K) ranges. For all these ceramics, an increase in electrical conductivity with increasing frequency is observed. Based on the obtained results, the values of ionic conductivity and activation energy of the corresponding Ag8GeS6 ceramic samples were determined.
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Sugiyama, Toyohiko, Hajime Nagae, Kazuo Suzuki e Kenichi Nakano. "Ceramic Brick with High Water Retentivity Prepared from Ceramic Waste and by Products". Advances in Science and Technology 45 (ottobre 2006): 2235–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.45.2235.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Many kinds of industrial waste were examined as potential constituents of ceramic bricks or tiles. The basic physical properties of these materials were measured, such as sintering temperature, water absorption, porosity, density, color, chemical stability and bending strength. Several kinds of sintered ceramics containing large amounts of waste materials were obtained by adjusting the amount of the waste materials added to the ceramics. These were fired at temperatures lower than 1000°C. A lowering of firing temperature results in a reduction of discharge of CO2 on the production process. Ceramic brick with high water retention is expected to mitigate the heatisland phenomenon by the latent heat of evaporation. Porous ceramics were prepared using industrial waste, burned ash and recycled roofing tile as raw materials. The permeability, water retentivity, water absorption, and other properties of the porous recycled ceramics were investigated. The pF value of the ceramics was measured as an indicator of water retentivity. An appropriate method of characterizing water retentive ceramic materials was also discussed based on results of fundamental examination of the ceramics under practical conditions.
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Becze, C. E., e G. Xu. "New microstructural model of polymer-ceramic nanocomposite materials". Journal of Materials Research 12, n. 2 (febbraio 1997): 566–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1997.0081.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Organoceramics are a new class of polymer/ceramic nanocomposite materials where polymer chains are molecularly mixed with the ceramics. A structural model for poly(vinyl alcohol) organoceramic nanocomposite materials proposed by Messersmith and Stupp [J. Mater. Res. 7, 2599–2611 (1992)] claims that polymer chains disperse in the interlayers of the ceramic precursor, causing a broadening of the basal plane spacing. The present research revealed this basal plane broadening does not exist. A new model was constructed where the polymer acts as a template for the ceramic microcrystals to nucleate and grow to reach a size of 20 Å. The ceramic microcrystals (hydrogen bonded to the polymer) further agglomerate and grow to the resulting rosette morphology, whereby the polymer is molecularly dispersed on the nanoscale throughout the ceramic.
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Azevedo Cubas, Gloria Beatriz de, Sílvia Terra Fontes, Guilherme Brião Camacho, Flávio Fernando Demarco e Tatiana Pereira-Cenci. "The Effect of Investment Materials on the Color of Feldspathic Ceramics". European Journal of Dentistry 05, n. 04 (ottobre 2011): 433–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1698916.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
ABSTRACTObjectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of investment type on the color of feldspathic ceramics. Methods: Ceramic specimens were constructed using the refractory die technique, using four investments (i.e., Vitadurvest, Duravest, Duceralay Superfit, and Fortune) to observe their effect on the color of five commercially available ceramics (i.e., Super Porcelain EX-3, Vision Esthetic, Vintage Halo, IPS Classic, and Vitadur Alpha). The color analysis of the ceramics was performed with a colorimeter using the CIE L*a*b* color coordinates. Results: The investments produced significant alterations on a*, b*, and L* color parameters of the ceramics tested. The ceramic Vision Esthetic was influenced by the type of investment in all color parameters (P<.05). Two investments (Duravest and Fortune) produced alterations in color parameters with three of the five ceramics tested. Conclusions: The investment materials produced alterations on the ceramic color parameters, resulting in unacceptable chromatic alterations (ΔE*). (Eur J Dent 2011;5:433-440)
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Sutakova, E., D. Gavriliev e A. Mestnikov. "STUDY OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SPECIMENS OF ANCIENT CERAMICS AND CLAY RAW MATERIALS FROM THE DEPOSITS OF CENTRAL YAKUTIA". Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 8, n. 9 (15 agosto 2023): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-9-93-102.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The paper considers the results of chemical and mineralogical analysis of ceramics of different times and deposits of clay raw materials of Central Yakutia. 7 ceramic fragments were examined, and a chemical and mineralogical analysis of three deposits of clay raw materials of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) was performed. The clay raw materials of Yakutia have a different chemical and mineralogical composition, depending on the deposit of raw materials. The studied clay raw materials can be used to recreate the ancient technology of ceramics. There is also a prospect for use in the ceramic industry. For a more detailed study, Kangalas clay raw materials were studied, this raw material is characterized by a high content of kaolinite, and it can be further used to create high-temperature ceramics. As a result of the conducted studies of samples of ceramic fragments, it was possible to find out the microstructure, chemical and mineralogical composition and temperature regime of firing of ceramic fragments. The ceramic samples have a common chemical and mineralogical composition. The conducted research allowed us to obtain detailed information on the manufacture of ceramic fragments from different eras. These results can be used for a deeper understanding of the ancient technology of ceramics production and will allow a broader disclosure of general and particular issues of the historical development of pottery in different regions of Yakutia
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Kurňava, Tomáš, Stancekova Dana, Jozef Struharnansky e Miroslav Janota. "Identification Turning Machinability of Ceramic Materials". Technological Engineering 10, n. 1 (1 dicembre 2013): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/teen-2013-0007.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract The paper deals with machining superhard materials machined by turning. Introductory section contains an analysis of ceramic materials used and their utilization in engineering practice . The aim of the experimental work is the selection of the appropriate cutting discs, cutting establish conditions which would ensure productive machining of the ceramics..
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Minota-Yepes, Isabel Cristina, Román Álvarez-Roca e Fernando Andrés Londoño-Badillo. "Review: Densification process of ceramic materials". Respuestas 25, n. 2 (1 maggio 2020): 199–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.22463/0122820x.2964.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Ceramics has played an important role in the technological and socio-economic development of humanity, so that they can be used to identify different historical periods of the humanity. Babylonians, Greek, Andalusian, among other cultures have used the ceramics and developed several methods to improve the products obtained by pottery. Generally, the ceramics can be divided into two big areas, traditional and structural ceramics. Ceramics manufactured with clay, Traditional Ceramics, currently they are being studied in the improvement of structural, abrasives, cement, refractory, among other materials. On the other hand, the ceramics developed as a result of new technologies and the exploitation of natural resources, Structural Ceramics, they are a great interest for the science of ceramic materials due to the development of ceramics with properties that incorporate attributes of various materials in only one material, in addition to the contributing to the phenomenological study at a scientific level. Advances in the processes of densification and doping of these materials have allowed to obtain ceramics with high mechanical resistance, high hardness, high resistance to attrition and corrosion, good chemical and thermal stability; features that have directly influenced the type of applications such as bulletproof vests, transparent shields, high temperature electrical insulators, superconducting devices, electronic materials among other applications
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Takagi, Hiroshi. "History and Future Prospect of Electro-ceramics in Japan and Asia". Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2012, CICMT (1 settembre 2012): 000002–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/cicmt-2012-kn2_murata.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
On the background of a long history of Japanese ceramics, various electro-ceramic materials have been studied and many kinds of electronic components using them have been developed in Japan. The first invention of electro-ceramics in Japan should be a ferrite at Tokyo Institute of Technology in 1930, and the mass production of ferrite started in 1937. Then, Japanese electro-ceramic industry has led the world on electro-ceramic materials and components until now, especially in the fields of BaTiO3, PZT, PTC thermistor, ZnO varistor and insulating ceramics. In recent years, new electro-ceramic materials, their processes and new devices using them have been still studied actively in Japan. Currently, R&D activities in Asia outside of Japan, and electro-ceramic industries in those areas have been grown steadily.
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Bill, Joachim. "Bio-Inspired Processing of Ceramic Materials". Advances in Science and Technology 45 (ottobre 2006): 643–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.45.643.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Ceramic processing without firing, sintering and expensive equipment represents a growing research field within materials science. With respect to the search of new synthesis pathways living nature provides paradigms for procedures that occur at ambient conditions and by apparently simple means. In this connection, biomineralization yields highly complex organic/inorganic structures, e. g. within nacre or bones. In general, the formation of these biominerals involves organic molecules that act as templates during the mineralization of inorganic phases. Bio-inspired ceramic synthesis aims to imitate such principles by technical means. Accordingly, these routes consider the template-induced formation and the structural design of ceramics from solutions of suitable metal salts. This paper describes such routes by means of the preparation of ceramics like titania, vanadia, and zinc oxide. The influence of (bio)organic molecules (e. g. polyelectrolytes, self-assembled monolayers, amino acids, peptides and proteins) on the micro- and nanostructure formation and on the evolution of the morphology of these solids will be discussed. Furthermore, mechanical as well as functional properties of the obtained architectures are treated.
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Focșăneanu, Sergiu Ciprian, Petrică Vizureanu, Andrei Victor Sandu e Mădălina Simona Bălţatu. "Zirconia Dental Implant Materials". Materials Science Forum 907 (settembre 2017): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.907.99.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Ceramic materials are used for the fabrication of dental restorations respectively esthetic dentistry. The main ceramic materials are glass ceramics, spinel, alumina and zirconia. Zirconia was introduced into dentistry domain in the 1990s used like frameworks, implants, dowels, abutments and orthodontic brackets. Recently, zirconia materials are getting much attention for dental implants because of its toothlike color, mechanical properties, good corrosion and biocompatibility. This article presents an review of zirconia dental implants osseointegration and mechanical strength compared with other dental implants. Clinical studies published indicate that zirconia dental implants have the potential to become alternative of titanium dental implants used in medical applications.
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Qin, Yue Ning, Fang Wang, Jie Guang Song, Min Han Xu e Jia Wei Wu. "The Structure and Properties of Quartz Pore Gradient Ceramic Materials". Solid State Phenomena 331 (29 aprile 2022): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-7kc602.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In view of the low performance of porous ceramics on the wall, the heavy task of saving clay resources, and the major problems of dredging the Yangtze River, this thesis uses low-grade quartz sand along the Yangtze River as the main raw material and kaolin as the plasticizer. Drying, sintering and other processes prepare high-performance porous quartz ceramics, and improve the performance of porous quartz ceramics by studying the control conditions and the control mechanism related to the performance of the sintered body. Quartz porous ceramic bodies were sintered at 1100 °C and 1200 °C, and no obvious gradient structure was found. However, the quartz porous ceramic bodies had obvious gradient structures after sintering at 1300°C. The quartz porous ceramic bodies were sintered. When the temperature is 1400 °C, the green body is not found to have a pore gradient structure. When the water-to-material ratio is 1.2 and 1.3, the quartz porous ceramic body has no obvious gradient structure; when the water-to-material ratio is 1.4, 1.5, the sample has an obvious gradient structure. Combining the cost performance between material performance and energy consumption, in order to obtain a better bonding point, porous silica ceramics should be prepared with a water-to-material ratio of 1.4 and a sintering temperature of 1300 °C to prepare porous silica ceramics with a better pore gradient structure. Its porosity is 32.45%, and its compressive strength is 5.23 MPa.
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Liu, Juan, Long Hao Qi, Hong Yuan Xu e Xian Wu Luo. "Erosive Wear Performance and Mechanism of Engineering Ceramic Materials". Key Engineering Materials 336-338 (aprile 2007): 2462–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.2462.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A slurry pot tester was used to evaluate the erosion behavior of alumina (Al2O3), zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA), and silicon nitride ceramics. The eroded surface of sample was studied by scanning electronic microscope and the primary erosion wear mechanisms for ceramic materials were analyzed. On the same experimental condition, erosion wear resistance of materials follows this rule: Si3N4>ZTA>Al2O3. The key factor affecting erosive wear performance of ceramics is their microstructure. The primary erosive wear mechanisms for Al2O3, ZTA and Si3N4 ceramics are lateral crack propagation, whole grains pulled out and plastic deformation. The erosive wear performance of Si3N4 ceramic is the best in this experiment, due to their microstructure morphology with elongated grains.
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Babashov, V. G., e N. M. Varrik. "GEL CASTING METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CERAMIC MATERIALS". Steklo i Keramika, n. 13 (gennaio 2023): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/glc.2023.01.pp.012-021.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Gel casting is one of the new and promising methods for producing ceramics. Modern research on the production of ceramic materials by gel casting covers a wide range of materials, including both dense and porous ceramic materials. The advantages of this method, such as ease of processing, the use of technological equipment of traditional methods, increased productivity, the possibility of obtaining products of large shapes and complex geometry, gave impetus to new research and development. This article provides an overview of publications devoted to research in recent decades on the production by gel casting of both dense ceramics for the manufacture of structural elements and porous ceramics for the manufacture of thermal insulation, porous filters and membranes.
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Wang, Peng. "The General Properties and Applications of Ceramic Materials". Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (maggio 2012): 215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.215.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
There are two groups of ceramics, traditional and modern ones. Brick, cement tile, and glass are traditional ceramics. They are inorganic non-metallic materials with high melting points, high strength, good strength, and excellent oxidation resistance. Construction industry mainly depends on them. However, traditional ceramics are brittle, low strength, low resistance. Compared with traditional ones, modern ceramics are magnitude finer, more homogeneous, and less porous. They include alumina, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, and boron carbide. They can be applied to building materials, components, and aerospace. Therefore, modern ceramics have stronger adaptability to modern society. Ceramic engineers need in-depth research on design and application modern ceramics.
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Hao, Wei Na, Yu Mei Bao e Guo Zhong Chai. "FEM Analysis of Grinding Damage Mechanisms for Ceramics Materials". Materials Science Forum 532-533 (dicembre 2006): 432–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.532-533.432.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The utilization of ceramics materials for structural components has been widespread because of their excellent properties. But the ceramic components require high precision and integrity of surface. The grinding is the main productive technique for finishing the ceramic components in the manufacturing industry, but it is prone to surface and sub-surface damage. Consequently the induced damage will reduce the life of the component, even leads to failure. So, to improve grinding quality and reduce grinding damage, it is important to understand the damage mechanisms and process for ceramic materials. In this paper, attempts are made to build a damage model and to compute damage variable D. The damage variable will be used in the further computation. The research effort made may be the foundation of the ceramic components design and the optimization and control of ceramic grinding process.
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Subedi, Mitra Mani. "Ceramics and its Importance". Himalayan Physics 4 (23 dicembre 2013): 80–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hj.v4i0.9433.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The term "ceramic" once referred only to clay-based materials. However, new generations of ceramic materials have tremendously expanded the scope and number of possible applications. Many of these new materials have a major impact on our daily lives and on our society. Ceramics has advanced far beyond its beginnings in clay pottery. Ceramic tiles cover the space shuttle as well as our kitchen floors. Ceramic electronic devices make possible high-tech instruments for everything from medicine to entertainment. Clearly, ceramics are our window to the future.The Himalayan Physics Vol. 4, No. 4, 2013 Page: 80-82 Uploaded date: 12/23/2013
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Porojan, Liliana, Florin Topală e Sorin Porojan. "Numerical Simulation of the Occlusal Contacts in Roots Restored with Complete Ceramic Materials". Applied Mechanics and Materials 404 (settembre 2013): 152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.404.152.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Different high-strength, all-ceramic restorative systems are available for the restoration of endodontically treated roots. To date, many studies on fracture strength and fracture pattern have been conducted. Most of these studies focused on investigating stress distribution in the root dentin of abutment teeth restored with a post and core system. The objective of this study was to evaluate, by means of the finite element analysis, stresses induced in an endodontically treated maxillary central incisor that was restored with different all-ceramic systems during contacts with the antagonists. The first step of the study was to achieve 3D models in order to design and analyze teeth, all ceramic post and core systems and pressed ceramic crowns. Stress analysis was performed on the restored incisor during protrusion. As post and core materials pressed ceramics and zirconia were chosen, and for the full crown pressed ceramics was selected. Maximal equivalent stresses were recorded in the tooth structures and in the restorations for all contact areas. In the zirconia post and core systems stresses were higher than in the pressed ceramics post and core systems. The use of zirconia posts with a higher modulus of elasticity than pressed ceramics induce lower stresses in the dentin and higher in the crown than pressed ceramics posts.
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Cosandey, F., P. Markondeya Raj e W. R. Cannon. "Texture Determination of Ceramic Materials by EBSD". Microscopy and Microanalysis 5, S2 (agosto 1999): 224–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600014446.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Texture determination of ceramic materials is important in ceramic processing since it will ultimately govern the resulting material properties. For instance, recent results have indicated that preferred particle orientation leads to anisotropic shrinkage of tape cast ceramics. In this work, we report results on the effect of pressing as well as shearing during tape casting followed by sintering on particle orientation and texture development in ceramic materials. Oxides with different particle shape anisotropy and crystal structures have been investigated including tetragonal rutile titania (TiO2) and hexagonal alumina (A12O3).Ceramic samples were processed by either pressing or by tape casting of a high ceramic particle loading aqueous suspensions. The samples were then pyrolized at 425°C followed by sintering for one hour at 1200 and 1500°C for TiO2 and A12O3 respectively. High spatial resolution Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) (OPAL-Oxford) in a field emission SEM (LEO-982) has been used for texture analysis and for crystallographic orientation determination of particles. Between, 3000 to 5000 measurements per sample were recorded automatically to develop an orientation map.
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Harkiah, Sasa, Nurlaela Rauf e Dahlang Tahir. "Review of ceramic materials and recent development of preparation methods". Gravitasi 21, n. 2 (31 dicembre 2022): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/gravitasi.v21i2.15904.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Ceramics globally has been developed by various materials and methods to find suitable ceramics for specific applications. This paper discusses development of several methods in ceramic preparation such as hot-pressing, sintering, co-precipitation, and solid-state method. In 2001 up to 2019, hot-pressing method was used to manufacture ceramic B4C and SiAlCO as raw material doping by (W, Ti)C. In 2002 up to 2018 sintering method by using fly ash as raw material with an additional K2CO3, Na2CO3, and Nb2O5. In 2008, co-precipitation method was used for CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) as raw material until 2019, and then ZrO2-Al2O3 as a newcomer ceramic material. From 2001 up to 2017, solid-state method was used with microwave for MgTiO and 3-CaTiO with Eu and (Lu, Gd) 2O3 as a dopant. This paper provided four methods and the materials from reported references from 2000 up to now, as guidance in producing specific functional ceramics in the future.
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Xu, Chong Hai, Guang Yong Wu, Yong Lian Zhang e Rong Bo Zhang. "Study on the Friction and Wear Properties of Yttrium-Stabilized Zirconia Based Nanocomposite Ceramic Tool and Die Materials". Advanced Materials Research 154-155 (ottobre 2010): 1366–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.154-155.1366.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Based on the requirements for ceramic materials of cutting tool and die and the aim of improving comprehensive mechanical properties of ceramic tool and die materials, nanocomposite ceramic tool and die materials with high mechanical properties were fabricated successfully with nanometer composite method. Friction and wear properties of the developed ZrO2/Ti(C7N3) nanocomposite ceramic tool and die materials were experimentally studied in detail. Morphologies of the worn surfaces were observed and analyzed by ESEM. Wear mechanisms of nanocomposite ceramic tool and die materials were discussed with comparison with that of single-phase ZrO2 ceramics. It indicates that wear mechanisms of ZrO2/Ti(C7N3) nanocomposite ceramic tool and die materials are mechanical cold welding, abrasive wear and adhesive wear.
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Rippe, Marília Pivetta, Elen Guerra, Arianne Vallim Pinto Coelho, Lilian Costa Anami, Renata Marques de Melo Marinho, Marco Antonio Bottino e Luiz Felipe Valandro. "Effect of different impression methods and ceramic materials on adaptation of inlays". Brazilian Dental Science 21, n. 3 (1 agosto 2018): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/bds.2018.v21i3.1543.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
<p><strong>Objective:</strong> The aim of this study was to evaluate the internal and marginal adaptation of inlays fabricated from different types of impressions (conventional and digital) and different ceramics (feldspathic and lithium disilicate). <strong>Material and Methods:</strong> Forty premolars were prepared for all-ceramic inlay restoration and assigned to 4 groups (n=10), according to the impression method (conventional with addition silicone and digital impressions) and ceramic type (lithium disilicate and feldspathic ceramic blocks). For each type of impression, 10 inlays were fabricated from lithium disilicate blocks and the other 10 from feldspathic ceramic blocks, by means of the CAD-CAM system. The internal adaptation was analyzed by replica. The marginal fit was analyzed under a stereomicroscope by directly measuring the gap formed between the inlay and the tooth in the proximal and occlusal regions. <strong>Results:</strong> The marginal or internal adaptations were not affected by type of impression (conventional = digital impression), irrespective of the ceramic type. Only the internal adaptation was affected by material, i.e., feldspathic ceramic had lower values than disilicate ceramic, when considering the digital impression. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The conventional and digital impressions promote similar marginal and internal adaptation of tested feldspathic and disilicate ceramic inlays. For digital impression the feldspathic ceramic showed better internal adaptation than lithium disilicate. </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Ceramics; Dental internal adaptation; Dental marginal adaptation; Dental impression technique.</p>
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Lawn, B. R., Y. Deng, I. K. Lloyd, M. N. Janal, E. D. Rekow e V. P. Thompson. "Materials Design of Ceramic-based Layer Structures for Crowns". Journal of Dental Research 81, n. 6 (giugno 2002): 433–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154405910208100615.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Radial cracking has been identified as the primary mode of failure in all-ceramic crowns. This study investigates the hypothesis that critical loads for radial cracking in crown-like layers vary explicitly as the square of ceramic layer thickness. Experimental data from tests with spherical indenters on model flat laminates of selected dental ceramics bonded to clear polycarbonate bases (simulating crown/dentin structures) are presented. Damage initiation events are video-recorded in situ during applied loading, and critical loads are measured. The results demonstrate an increase in the resistance to radial cracking for zirconia relative to alumina and for alumina relative to porcelain. The study provides simple a priori predictions of failure in prospective ceramic/substrate bilayers and ranks ceramic materials for best clinical performance.
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Amaral, S. P., e G. H. Domingues. "Oily Wastes Application in Ceramic Materials Manufacturing". Water Science and Technology 24, n. 12 (1 dicembre 1991): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0381.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The application of oily residues produced by PETRÓLEO BRASILEIRO S.A. -PETROBRÁS in the manufacturing of ceramic bricks appears as a promising alternative of their reutilization, in comparison with the traditional method of storage in ponds or dikes and to the biodégradation process by landfarming. The application of said residues started experimentally in 1988, in a ceramic bricks factory located in the Paraíba do Sul Valley, State of São Paulo, near the Henrique Lage Refinery (REVAP). In mid-1989, the Presidente Bernardes Refinery (RPBC), the Capuava Refinery (RECAP) and the Petroleum Products Terminals of São Paulo (TEDEP) started sending oily residues to factories participating in the Red Ceramics Association of Itu and its Region (ACERVIR). As an advantage of this process, almost all the costs with disposal of said residues are eliminated for PETROBRÁS; on the other hand, the reduction in maintenance costs, lower energy consumption, and a significant increase in production are advantages for the ceramics factories.
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S, Nikkisha, Rohan S, Pragyan Pattanaik Pattanaik, Ankit Kumar Mishra e Dheva Darshini. "Review Study on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Ceramic Materials for Future Aerospace Applications". Materials and its Characterization 1, n. 2 (1 dicembre 2022): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.46632/mc/1/2/7.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
We are investigating the usage of ceramic materials in the aerospace sector. Ceramics are being used in a restricted number of aeronautical structural applications. Ceramics brittleness, lack of malleability, and expensive cost has been key deterrents to their widespread usage. We can determine the mechanical and thermal properties of this material by studying its mechanical and thermal properties such as strength, hardness, elasticity, grip and fracture, and thermal conductivity, diffusivity, thermal expansion, coefficient of expansion, and diffusivity. Some ceramic materials offer qualities that are important in aerospace applications, as well as the benefits and drawbacks of employing ceramic in the aerospace sector.
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Sapozhnikova, M. A., e Irina A. Pavlova. "Kurgan Clays in the Production of Ceramic Materials". Solid State Phenomena 299 (gennaio 2020): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.299.3.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The properties of overburden rocks in the extraction of dolomite in the form of red-burning clay from the Kurgan region are investigated to determine its suitability in the production of various types of ceramic materials and products. A full technological study of the clay raw material sample was carried out: the mineral, chemical, particle size composition, as well as plasticity, drying behavior, attitude to sintering, and mechanical strength after burning. It is examined how rheological characteristics affect the control of the technological process. The suitability of clay under consideration, both in majolica ceramics and ceramic bricks production, has been established. The technological parameters for the ceramic bricks production are developed.
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Lampropoulou, Paraskevi, e Dimitrios Papoulis. "Halloysite in Different Ceramic Products: A Review". Materials 14, n. 19 (23 settembre 2021): 5501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14195501.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The increased demands of our rapidly developing way of life lead to the broadening of the ceramic market among other effects. Due to the advanced ceramic properties of halloysite and its abundance, combined with its good synergistic effect with other materials, it has been investigated for multifarious possible applications to produce traditional and advanced ceramics as well as ceramic composites. In this review, a substantial number of studies by several investigators into halloysite-based ceramics were are summarized. The possibilities and limitations of different halloysite-based ceramic materials for future applications are also discussed in this manuscript and new fields of research are proposed. The summarization of published results indicates a constant scientific interest in halloysite-based traditional ceramics and new potential uses in the future. Additionally, investigations on different novel ceramic composites with low cost halloysite nanotubes (HNTS) have rapidly increased, covering different scientific and technological areas. On the other hand, research into advanced ceramics (SiAlONS) has been pursued due to its highly cost effective technology treatments on a large scale.
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Choi, Young Min, Jong Ung Kim, Beyong Hwan Ryu, Hyun Ju Chang, Chung Heop Kwak e In Ho Kim. "Ceramic Electrode Materials for Electrostatic Chuck Applications". Solid State Phenomena 124-126 (giugno 2007): 791–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.124-126.791.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In general, Electrostatic chuck (ESC) was used to fix and clamp the silicon wafer with electrostatic force in the semiconductor fabrication process. Recently, due to their excellent chemical and plasma stability and high thermal conductivity, sintered ceramics has been used as an insulator material in the configuration of ESC. However, metals of high melting point, such as Mo, W, still used for electrode materials. Because of the thermal mismatch between metal electrode and ceramic insulator, micro cracks were produced at the interface during sintering process of ceramic or its operation process with high temperature, which leads to reduce the life time of ESC. To improve the compatibility between metal and ceramic, mesh type metal electrode was used in ESC but this type of electrode results in inhomogeneous electrostatic force. Homogeneous clamping force is very important to determine the final quality of semiconductor. We have investigated a ceramic electrostatic chuck composed of conducting ceramic electrode of titanium nitride instead of metal electrode. Aluminum nitride was added to titanium nitride to control the thermal expansion coefficient. This composite electrode shows not only a good electrical conductivity but also an excellent compatibility to dielectric layer. Compatibility between the electrode and dielectric layer enable to design the electrode with continuous sheet type which leads to homogeneous electrostatic force. Electrostatic force of ceramic ESC with conducting ceramic electrode was about 1700gf/4inch wafer when the applied voltage was DC 3kV.
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Ren, Jiang, Ying Na Zhao, Meng Zhang e Wen Li Zhang. "Preparation of Density Ceramic and Fiber Joining Materials". Advanced Materials Research 753-755 (agosto 2013): 379–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.753-755.379.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The joining materials of density ceramics and the fibre would be potential value as sealing materials for high-temperature seal field. Zirconia toughened mullite ceramics (ZTM) were chosen the density ceramics due to excellent high temperature mechanical properties. Aluminum silica ceramic fibre was attractive because of favorable elasticity properties. Combining the two materials, the high-temperature resistance elasticity seal materials would be prepared by microwave joining technique. Using the absorber-microwaves properties of Al-Si alloy, interlayer compositions of the joining materials were designed. The ZTM ceramics and fibers materials were joining by microwave hybrid heating method and the mechanism of microwave joining was discussed.
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Bao, Jiawei, Yangwei Wang, Rui An, Bowen Zhang, Huanwu Cheng e Fuchi Wang. "The Effect of Interlayer Materials on Ceramic Damage in SiC/Al Composite Structure". Materials 13, n. 17 (21 agosto 2020): 3709. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13173709.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The effect of interlayer materials on the damage of ceramics in the SiC/Al composite structure was analyzed through experiments and simulation. Using 0.25 mm thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) as a reference, a 0.5 mm aramid fabric (AFRP) or a 0.5 mm carbon fiber reinforced epoxy matrix composite (CFRP) was added to the interlayer, respectively. Through the impact tests, it was discovered that the ceramic damaged area in the TPU composite structure was severe. With the addition of AFRP, the damaged area of the ceramic layer was reduced by 73% under the same impact conditions. The addition of CFRP also reduced the damage of ceramics. The evolution process of the tensile stress on the ceramic rear surface was presented by simulation. The tensile evolution process analysis can explain the experimental phenomenon well and can be used to predict the damage of the ceramics.
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Spitznagel, F. A., J. Boldt e P. C. Gierthmuehlen. "CAD/CAM Ceramic Restorative Materials for Natural Teeth". Journal of Dental Research 97, n. 10 (15 giugno 2018): 1082–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034518779759.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Advances in computer-aided design (CAD) / computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) technologies and their ease of application enabled the development of novel treatment concepts for modern prosthodontics. This recent paradigm shift in fixed prosthodontics from traditional to minimally invasive treatment approaches is evidenced by the clinical long-term success of bonded CAD/CAM glass-ceramic restorations. Today, defect-oriented restorations, such as inlays, onlays, and posterior crowns, are predominately fabricated from glass-ceramics in monolithic application. The variety of CAD/CAM ceramic restorative systems is constantly evolving to meet the increased demands for highly aesthetic, biocompatible, and long-lasting restorations. Recently introduced polymer-infiltrated ceramic network CAD/CAM blocks add innovative treatment options in CAD/CAM chairside 1-visit restorations. The material-specific high-edge stability enables the CAD/CAM machinability of thin restoration margins. Full-contour zirconia restorations are constantly gaining market share at the expense of bilayered systems. Advancements in material science and bonding protocols foster the development of novel material combinations or fabrication techniques of proven high-strength zirconia ceramics. CAD/CAM applications offer a standardized manufacturing process resulting in a reliable, predictable, and economic workflow for individual and complex teeth-supported restorations. More evidence from long-term clinical studies is needed to verify the clinical performance of monolithic polymer-infiltrated ceramic network and zirconia teeth-supported minimally invasive and extensive restorations.
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Suzuki, Masanori, e Toshihiro Tanaka. "Hydrothermal Slag/Glass Chemistry for Porous Materials Production". Key Engineering Materials 521 (agosto 2012): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.521.35.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Hydrothermal treatment has been conducted to create porous glass or ceramics as value-added materials for the recycling of slag and glass. Under hydrothermal conditions, slag and glass react with a high pressurized H2O and hydrate glass phase containing plenty of H2O is formed to connect raw materials particles to make ceramic materials. The hydrothermal process takes advantages of energy costs, because it can be operated at a low temperature compared to conventional sintering processes. Since the hydrothermal process uses H2O to fabricate ceramic materials, it can be regarded as energy-saving, eco-friendly, and spontaneous materials processing. In the present study, we introduce some applications of hydrothermal treatments to slag / glass to produce functional porous ceramic materials.
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Men'shikova, V., e L. Demina. "CERAMIC BUILDING MATERIALS USING NON-TRADITIONAL RAW MATERIALS". Construction Materials and Products 3, n. 3 (10 luglio 2020): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2020-3-3-40-46.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
the paper raises questions about the search for the possibility of obtaining a construction ceramic material using a special type of raw material component. Diopside concentrate was chosen as the basis for the ceram-ic masses due to its positive parameters necessary to improve the strength properties of the material and to support local deposits of raw materials in the East Siberian region. To reduce the optimal firing temperature, an aqueous-alkaline solution of sodium silicate was used in small quantities. The chemical composition of the diopside rock showed mainly the presence of silicon oxides. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the presence of diopside, quartz and calcite. Sodium-silicate glass is characterized by a full content of silica and a modulus of 3. Using the state diagram of three-component systems, the temperature limits necessary for sintering ceramic masses are established. The fusibility curves show that at a temperature of 1040oC, the values of the primary melt for various compositions are 4-14%, and the total melt content is observed at 1475oC. The parameters of physical and mechanical properties of the ceramic material were determined, where at the firing temperature of 1000-1100oC the value of fire shrinkage was no more than 1%, water ab-sorption up to 10%, and compressive strength up to 31 MPa. Moreover, with an increase in the amount of diopside to 90% by weight, the strength increases, and shrinkage decreases. X-ray phase analysis of the compositions determined mainly analytical lines of diopside, which begin to decrease by 1000oC, which de-termines the relationship with the liquid glass. The DTA and TG curves of the thermogram showed endo-thermic and exothermic effects due to the release of adsorbed water and crystallization of glass. The possi-bility of obtaining high-strength low-shrink ceramics using diopside raw materials as the basis of ceramic masses when adding sodium-silicate glass in the form of a melt is established.