Bibliografie tematiche / Cellular detoxification mechanisms

Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Cellular detoxification mechanisms"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 8 giugno 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Cellular detoxification mechanisms":

Martinez-Finley, Ebany J., e Michael Aschner. "Revelations from the NematodeCaenorhabditis eleganson the Complex Interplay of Metal Toxicological Mechanisms". Journal of Toxicology 2011 (2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/895236.

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Metals have been definitively linked to a number of disease states. Due to the widespread existence of metals in our environment from both natural and anthropogenic sources, understanding the mechanisms of their cellular detoxification is of upmost importance. Organisms have evolved cellular detoxification systems including glutathione, metallothioneins, pumps and transporters, and heat shock proteins to regulate intracellular metal levels. The model organism,Caenorhabditis elegans(C. elegans), contains these systems and provides several advantages for deciphering the mechanisms of metal detoxification. This review provides a brief summary of contemporary literature on the various mechanisms involved in the cellular detoxification of metals, specifically, antimony, arsenic, cadmium, copper, manganese, mercury, and depleted uranium using theC. elegansmodel system for investigation and analysis.

Hall, J. L. "Cellular mechanisms for heavy metal detoxification and tolerance". Journal of Experimental Botany 53, n. 366 (1 gennaio 2002): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jexbot/53.366.1.

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Hall, J. L. "Cellular mechanisms for heavy metal detoxification and tolerance". Journal of Experimental Botany 53, n. 366 (1 gennaio 2002): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/53.366.1.

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Storz, Peter, Heike Döppler e Alex Toker. "Protein Kinase D Mediates Mitochondrion-to-Nucleus Signaling and Detoxification from Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species". Molecular and Cellular Biology 25, n. 19 (1 ottobre 2005): 8520–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.25.19.8520-8530.2005.

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ABSTRACT Efficient elimination of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) correlates with increased cellular survival and organism life span. Detoxification of mitochondrial ROS is regulated by induction of the nuclear SOD2 gene, which encodes the manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase (MnSOD). However, the mechanisms by which mitochondrial oxidative stress activates cellular signaling pathways leading to induction of nuclear genes are not known. Here we demonstrate that release of mROS activates a signal relay pathway in which the serine/threonine protein kinase D (PKD) activates the NF-κB transcription factor, leading to induction of SOD2. Conversely, the FOXO3a transcription factor is dispensable for mROS-induced SOD2 induction. PKD-mediated MnSOD expression promotes increased survival of cells upon release of mROS, suggesting that mitochondrion-to-nucleus signaling is necessary for efficient detoxification mechanisms and cellular viability.

Sabbatino, Francesco, Valeria Conti, Luigi Liguori, Giovanna Polcaro, Graziamaria Corbi, Valentina Manzo, Vincenzo Tortora et al. "Molecules and Mechanisms to Overcome Oxidative Stress Inducing Cardiovascular Disease in Cancer Patients". Life 11, n. 2 (30 gennaio 2021): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11020105.

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are molecules involved in signal transduction pathways with both beneficial and detrimental effects on human cells. ROS are generated by many cellular processes including mitochondrial respiration, metabolism and enzymatic activities. In physiological conditions, ROS levels are well-balanced by antioxidative detoxification systems. In contrast, in pathological conditions such as cardiovascular, neurological and cancer diseases, ROS production exceeds the antioxidative detoxification capacity of cells, leading to cellular damages and death. In this review, we will first describe the biology and mechanisms of ROS mediated oxidative stress in cardiovascular disease. Second, we will review the role of oxidative stress mediated by oncological treatments in inducing cardiovascular disease. Lastly, we will discuss the strategies that potentially counteract the oxidative stress in order to fight the onset and progression of cardiovascular disease, including that induced by oncological treatments.

Black, William C., Trey K. Snell, Karla Saavedra-Rodriguez, Rebekah C. Kading e Corey L. Campbell. "From Global to Local—New Insights into Features of Pyrethroid Detoxification in Vector Mosquitoes". Insects 12, n. 4 (24 marzo 2021): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12040276.

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The threat of mosquito-borne diseases continues to be a problem for public health in subtropical and tropical regions of the world; in response, there has been increased use of adulticidal insecticides, such as pyrethroids, in human habitation areas over the last thirty years. As a result, the prevalence of pyrethroid-resistant genetic markers in natural mosquito populations has increased at an alarming rate. This review details recent advances in the understanding of specific mechanisms associated with pyrethroid resistance, with emphasis on features of insecticide detoxification and the interdependence of multiple cellular pathways. Together, these advances add important context to the understanding of the processes that are selected in resistant mosquitoes. Specifically, before pyrethroids bind to their targets on motoneurons, they must first permeate the outer cuticle and diffuse to inner tissues. Resistant mosquitoes have evolved detoxification mechanisms that rely on cytochrome P450s (CYP), esterases, carboxyesterases, and other oxidation/reduction (redox) components to effectively detoxify pyrethroids to nontoxic breakdown products that are then excreted. Enhanced resistance mechanisms have evolved to include alteration of gene copy number, transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, as well as changes to cellular signaling mechanisms. Here, we outline the variety of ways in which detoxification has been selected in various mosquito populations, as well as key gene categories involved. Pathways associated with potential new genes of interest are proposed. Consideration of multiple cellular pathways could provide opportunities for development of new insecticides.

Perelman, Alexander, Avraham Uzan, Dalia Hacohen e Rakefet Schwarz. "Oxidative Stress in Synechococcus sp. Strain PCC 7942: Various Mechanisms for H2O2 Detoxification with Different Physiological Roles". Journal of Bacteriology 185, n. 12 (15 giugno 2003): 3654–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.185.12.3654-3660.2003.

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ABSTRACT This study focuses on the mechanisms for hydrogen peroxide detoxification in Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7942. To gain better understanding of the role of different routes of hydrogen peroxide detoxification, we inactivated tplA (thioredoxin-peroxidase-like), which we recently identified. In addition, we inactivated the gene encoding catalase-peroxidase and examined the ability to detoxify H2O2 and to survive oxidative stress in both of the single mutants and in the double mutant. Surprisingly, we observed that the double mutant survived H2O2 concentrations that the single catalase-peroxidase mutant could not tolerate. This phenotype correlated with an increased ability of the double mutant to detoxify externally added H2O2 compared to the catalase-peroxidase mutant. Therefore, our studies suggested the existence of a hydrogen peroxide detoxification activity in addition to catalase-peroxidase and thioredoxin-peroxidase. The rate of detoxification of externally added H2O2 was similar in the wild-type and the TplA mutant cells, suggesting that, under these conditions, catalase-peroxidase activity was essential for this process and TplA was dispensable. However, during excessive radiation, conditions under which the cell might experience oxidative stress, TplA appears to be essential for growth, and cells lacking it cannot compete with the wild-type strain. Overall, these studies suggested different physiological roles for various cellular hydrogen peroxide detoxification mechanisms in Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7942.

Zbieralski, Kacper, Jacek Staszewski, Julia Konczak, Natalia Lazarewicz, Malgorzata Nowicka-Kazmierczak, Donata Wawrzycka e Ewa Maciaszczyk-Dziubinska. "Multilevel Regulation of Membrane Proteins in Response to Metal and Metalloid Stress: A Lesson from Yeast". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, n. 8 (18 aprile 2024): 4450. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25084450.

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In the face of flourishing industrialization and global trade, heavy metal and metalloid contamination of the environment is a growing concern throughout the world. The widespread presence of highly toxic compounds of arsenic, antimony, and cadmium in nature poses a particular threat to human health. Prolonged exposure to these toxins has been associated with severe human diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. These toxins are known to induce analogous cellular stresses, such as DNA damage, disturbance of redox homeostasis, and proteotoxicity. To overcome these threats and improve or devise treatment methods, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms of cellular detoxification in metal and metalloid stress. Membrane proteins are key cellular components involved in the uptake, vacuolar/lysosomal sequestration, and efflux of these compounds; thus, deciphering the multilevel regulation of these proteins is of the utmost importance. In this review, we summarize data on the mechanisms of arsenic, antimony, and cadmium detoxification in the context of membrane proteome. We used yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a eukaryotic model to elucidate the complex mechanisms of the production, regulation, and degradation of selected membrane transporters under metal(loid)-induced stress conditions. Additionally, we present data on orthologues membrane proteins involved in metal(loid)-associated diseases in humans.

Preziosi, Morgan, e Satdarshan Monga. "Update on the Mechanisms of Liver Regeneration". Seminars in Liver Disease 37, n. 02 (maggio 2017): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1601351.

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AbstractLiver possesses many critical functions such as synthesis, detoxification, and metabolism. It continually receives nutrient-rich blood from gut, which incidentally is also toxin-rich. That may be why liver is uniquely bestowed with a capacity to regenerate. A commonly studied procedure to understand the cellular and molecular basis of liver regeneration is that of surgical resection. Removal of two-thirds of the liver in rodents or patients instigates alterations in hepatic homeostasis, which are sensed by the deficient organ to drive the restoration process. Although the exact mechanisms that initiate regeneration are unknown, alterations in hemodynamics and metabolism have been suspected as important effectors. Key signaling pathways are activated that drive cell proliferation in various hepatic cell types through autocrine and paracrine mechanisms. Once the prehepatectomy mass is regained, the process of regeneration is adequately terminated. This review highlights recent discoveries in the cellular and molecular basis of liver regeneration.

Kushwaha, Anamika, Radha Rani, Sanjay Kumar e Aishvarya Gautam. "Heavy metal detoxification and tolerance mechanisms in plants: Implications for phytoremediation". Environmental Reviews 24, n. 1 (marzo 2016): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/er-2015-0010.

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Heavy metals, such as cobalt, copper, manganese, molybdenum, and zinc, are essential in trace amounts for growth by plants and other living organisms. However, in excessive amounts these heavy metals have deleterious effects. Like other organisms, plants possess a variety of detoxification mechanisms to counter the harmful effects of heavy metals. These include the restriction of heavy metals by mycorrhizal association, binding with plant cell wall and root excretions, metal efflux from the plasma membrane, metal chelation by phytochelatins and metallothioneins, and compartmentalization within the vacuole. Phytoremediation is an emerging technology that uses plants and their associated rhizospheric microorganisms to remove pollutants from contaminated sites. This technology is inexpensive, efficient, and ecofriendly. This review focuses on potential cellular and molecular adaptations by plants that are necessary to tolerate heavy metal stress.

Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Cellular detoxification mechanisms":

Fleurbaix, Emmanuel. "Évaluation écotoxicologique des éléments terres-rares : approches cellulaires chez différentes espèces aquatiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0324.

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Depuis 30 ans, l’utilisation croissante des Lanthanides dans les nouvelles technologies a entraîné des rejets importants de ces métaux vers les écosystèmes aquatiques. Dans une politique mondiale de développement durable visant à préserver la qualité des écosystèmes, la question de l’impact des Lanthanides sur les organismes aquatiques s’est naturellement posée. Néanmoins, les études restent peu nombreuses et aucun consensus ne subsiste concernant la toxicité des Lanthanides. Dans ce contexte, nous avons étudié la toxicité cellulaire des Lanthanides individuellement et en mélanges. Les effets toxiques ont été mis en évidence en mesurant la viabilité de cellules fibroblastiques (ZF4 ; ATCC®, CRL-2050™) et hépatiques (ZFL ; ATCC®, CRL-2643™) de poisson zèbre (Danio rerio), de cellules branchiales (RTgill-W1 ; ATCC®, CRL-2523™) de la truite arc-en-ciel (Oncorynchus mykiss), et des cellules primaires de glandes digestives de corbicule (Corbicula fluminea) exposées à ces métaux. Les résultats ont montré que les Lanthanides sont responsables d’effets toxiques directs sur nos modèles cellulaires. Concernant la toxicité des Lanthanides en mélanges, des effets synergiques ont été observés sur les 3 lignées cellulaires de poissons. Nous nous sommes également intéressés aux mécanismes de détoxification des Lanthanides dans les cellules ZF4 de Danio rerio. Nous avons décidé d’étudier ces acteurs en raison de leurs rôles respectifs dans les phases II et III de la détoxification cellulaire de métaux chez les bivalves et les poissons. Pour cela, la viabilité des cellules ZF4 a été mesurée après des expositions aux Lanthanides en présence d’inhibiteurs spécifiques des glutathion-S-transférases (acide éthacrynique) et des protéines MRP (MK571 et probénécide). Les résultats ont montré que les protéines MRP sensibles au MK571 jouent un rôle dans la détoxification des Lanthanides dans les cellules ZF4. Globalement, les résultats obtenus pour cette recherche ont confirmé que les effets toxiques des Lanthanides à l’échelle cellulaire sont pertinents pour prédire les effets in vivo, dans le cadre d’une évaluation de la toxicité de ces métaux
Since 30 years ago, the growing use of Lanthanides in new technologies has contributed to important releases of these metals into aquatic ecosystems. In a global sustainable development policy aimed at preserving the quality of ecosystems, the impact of Lanthanides on aquatic organisms has naturally been questioned. However, studies on the aquatic ecotoxicology of Lanthanides are incomplete, and no consensus is established yet. In this context, we studied the cellular toxicity of Lanthanides individually and in mixtures. To determine these toxic effects, cell viability was measured on Danio rerio fibroblast-like cells (ZF4; ATCC®, CRL-2050™), Danio rerio hepatic cells (ZFL; ATCC®, CRL-2643™), Oncorhynchus mykiss epithelial cells (RTgill-W1; ATCC®, CRL-2523™), and primary culture of Corbicula fluminea digestive glands exposed to Lanthanides. Direct toxicity of Lanthanides has been observed on all cellular models. Concerning the toxicity of Lanthanides in mixtures, synergistic effects have been underlined on the three fish cell lines. In this research, we focused on the mechanisms of the detoxification of Lanthanides in the case of ZF4 cells from Danio rerio. The effects of Lanthanides were assessed in the presence of specific inhibitors of glutathione-S-transferases (ethacrynic acid) and MRP-like (MK571 and probenecid), by cell viability measurements. We decided to study these actors of the cellular detoxification due to their respective roles in phases II and III of the cellular detoxification of metals in fishes and bivalves. Regarding the results, MRP-like proteins are effectively involved in the detoxification of Lanthanides in ZF4 cells. Overall, our results highlighted the relevance of the toxic effects of Lanthanides at the cellular level for the risk assessment of these metals

Capitoli di libri sul tema "Cellular detoxification mechanisms":

Martinez-Finley, Ebany J., e Michael Aschner. "Arsenic, Mechanisms of Cellular Detoxification". In Encyclopedia of Metalloproteins, 159–62. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1533-6_437.

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"Heavy Metal Stress Mechanism by Signaling Cascades in Plants". In Nano-Phytoremediation Technologies for Groundwater Contaminates, 133–44. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9016-3.ch010.

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This chapter highlights the role of cascade for remediation of heavy metals, their mechanism of action, and their applications approach of hyperaccumulation. Further, it also highlights the role of uptake and detoxification of metals by cellular mechanisms that facilitate the bioremediation of heavy metals from contaminated areas.

Prakash, Ved, e Sarika Saxena. "Molecular Overview of Heavy Metal Phytoremediation". In Handbook of Research on Inventive Bioremediation Techniques, 247–63. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2325-3.ch010.

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Metal toxification has remained one of the problems with the advent of industrial revolution. Plant based remediation are showing increasing promise for use in soils contaminated with organic and inorganic pollutants. A large number of plant families has been identified which has shown significant result in detoxification of heavy metals. Hyperaccumulator plant is capable of sequestering heavy metals in their shoot tissues. High tolerance to HM toxicity is dependent on a reduced metal uptake or increased internal sequestration, which depends on plant and environmental condition. Recent progresses on understanding cellular/molecular mechanisms of metal tolerance by plants are reviewed. This chapter aims to focus on molecular mechanism involved in heavy metal detoxification and tolerance by plants. A different method by which plant effectively converts toxic metal in less toxic compounds has been explained in this chapter. Further, mode of accumulation and sequestration of metals have been explained which are utilized by hyper accumulators.

Chaudhary, Khushboo, e Suphiya Khan. "Role of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) for Bioremediation of Heavy Metals". In Biostimulation Remediation Technologies for Groundwater Contaminants, 104–25. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-4162-2.ch006.

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The heavy metal pollution problem is all over the world. Plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) has transformed heavy metals present in the soil, which removes and minimizes their toxic effects. This chapter highlights the role of PGPB for remediation of heavy metals, their mechanism of action, and their applications approach of hyperaccumulation. Further, it also highlights the role of uptake and detoxification of metals by cellular mechanisms which facilitate the bioremediation of heavy metals from contaminated areas. Bacteria may also enhance nutrient uptake, increasing plant growth and defenses while diminish heavy metals intake and their toxic effects. Therefore, this chapter focuses on the mechanisms by which microorganisms can mobilize or immobilize metals in soils and the bioremediation strategies are addressed for the improvement of phytoextraction as an innovative process for enhancement of heavy metals removal from soil.

Chaudhary, Khushboo, e Suphiya Khan. "Role of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) for Bioremediation of Heavy Metals". In Research Anthology on Emerging Techniques in Environmental Remediation, 663–80. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3714-8.ch035.

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Di Paola, Rosanna, Salvatore Cuzzocrea, Roberta Fusco e Marika Cordaro. "Dietary Regulation of Keap1/Nrf2/ARE Pathway: Focus on Acai Berries and Pistachios and Cashews as Natural Food Sources". In Recent Developments in Antioxidants From Natural Sources [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.109239.

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Inflammation is a biological reaction to oxidative stress in which cell starts producing proteins, enzymes, and other substances to restore homeostasis, while oxidative stress could be intrinsically a biochemical imbalance of the physiologically redox status of the intracellular environment. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway, which controls the transcription of numerous antioxidant genes that protect cellular homeostasis and detoxification genes that process and eliminate all toxic compounds and substances before they can cause damage. The Nrf2 pathway is the heart of the daily biological response to oxidative stress. Transient activation of Nrf2 by diet can upregulate antioxidant enzymes to protect cells against oxidative stress inducers. In this chapter, we summarize the effects of some novel foods in the regulation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway and its cellular mechanisms.

Alejandro Tavera Díaz, Maiko. "Artificial Liver Support Systems". In Updates on Hemodialysis. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.109843.

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Acute liver failure and acute-on-chronic liver failure, regardless of the etiology, generate an inflammatory response in the liver parenchyma and systemic inflammatory response, as well as anti-inflammatory counterregulatory mechanisms that condition a state of immunomodulation, a condition that favors sepsis and septic shock. The increase in Von Willebrand factor and the increase in cellular traffic of monocytes and macrophages in the hepatic sinusoids, altering hepatic hemodynamics, is another mechanism of damage. Artificial liver support therapy represents an alternative in the support of these patients when medical treatment does not achieve the objectives. MARS, Prometheus, and SPAD favor detoxification. Plasma exchange and DPMAS are alternatives to limit the inflammatory response, eliminate Von Willebrand factor, and improve survival. Current evidence recommends the use of plasma exchange or combined extracorporeal support therapies as an alternative to achieve organ recovery or as a bridge to liver transplantation.

Vogt, Günter. "Growing Old: Aging in Crustacea". In Life Histories, 179–202. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190620271.003.0007.

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This chapter gives an overview on aging and longevity in the Crustacea. Crustaceans have life spans that range from a few weeks to several decades, depending on taxonomic affiliation, size, lifestyle, and environment. Some short-lived crustaceans can produce dormant eggs that remain viable for decades and centuries. Longevity differences of populations between habitats and geographical regions can be explained by life history theory. Crustaceans possess a variety of highly effective antiaging mechanisms, including molting, adult stem cell activity, removal of cellular waste products, detoxification of environmental toxicants, and immune response against pathogens. The longer-lived, indeterminately growing species show negligible senescence until old age and would thus provide valuable models for biogerontology.

Avent, Neil D. "Haemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn". In Transfusion and Transplantation Science. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hesc/9780198735731.003.0003.

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This chapter examines the pathophysiology of haemolytic diseases of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). Here it considers fetal and neonatal anaemia and alloimmunization events. It seeks to understand blood-group incompatibilities that cause HDFN, including partial D antigens. It discusses the current clinical management of HDFN. The chapter also details the immunology of maternal alloimmunization to paternally inherited fetal antigens, feto-maternal IgG trafficking, the biochemistry of bilirubin detoxification, and clinical interventions and assessment by ultrasound. Near the end, the chapter shows the proposed mechanisms of action of prophylactic anti-D, and cellular assays to predict the severity of the disease. It then demonstrates the implementation of fetal blood-group genotyping in the management of HDFN.

Naaz, Sheeba, Nadeem Ahmad e M. Irfan Qureshi. "ATP Binding Cassette (ABC) Transporters in Plant Development and Defense". In Molecular and Physiological Insights into Plant Stress Tolerance and Applications in Agriculture- Part 2, 251–69. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815179699124010012.

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ABC transporters (ATP-binding cassette transporters) are dynamic proteins found in both types of organisms, prokaryotes and eukaryotes. They play pivotal roles in the transportation of various substances along cellular membranes by utilizing ATPs. ABC transporters consist of four domains: two NBDs with highly conserved motifs and two TMDs. They have a large diverse family, which is grouped into 8 subfamilies (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I), though the H subfamily is not found in plants. ABC transporters are well-defined for transporting xenobiotic compounds, secondary metabolites, phytohormones, toxic heavy metal ions, chlorophyll catabolites, lipids, and drugs across cellular membranes. Importantly, several kinds of ABC transporters investigation discovered their functions in plant growth, development, and defense. Commonly localized on plasma membranes, they are also found on the membranes of vacuoles and various cellular organelles. Under stress, these are known to contribute to various physiological, developmental, and metabolic processes by helping plants adapt. Initially, they were recognized as tonoplast intrinsic transporters, but now they are well-known in cellular detoxification mechanisms which protect plants and maintain homeostasis. This chapter presents a comprehensive account of the roles of ABC transporters with insights into molecular and physiological leading to stress tolerance.