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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Cataract"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 28 luglio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Cataract"

Atada, Likhitha D., S. Joshi Manisha e A. J. Dayananda. "An Empirical Study on Cataract Multiclass Grading Assessment with Slit Lamp Bio-microscope Images Using Neural Network Models". International Journal Bioautomation 28, n. 2 (giugno 2024): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/ijba.2024.28.2.000959.

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Cataract, an age-related eye disease, poses a significant ophthalmological public health challenge in both developed and developing nations. Tailoring treatment or surgery plans helps accurately categorise the cataract's developmental stage. Precise cataract grading helps in diagnosing cataracts and subsequently scheduling surgical intervention. In this project endeavour, a solution is presented to automate the cataract grading process utilizing slit lamp bio-microscope data sets acquired through smartphones. This innovation is particularly valuable for novice practitioners and non-specialist doctors/experts who may struggle with proficiently interpreting cataract progression, leading to potential misdiagnoses. To address this challenge, a Neural Network model is harnessed to automatically predict the grade of cataracts. The study employs multi-class image classification models, including the Convolutional neural network (CNN) model, the Efficient Net B0 model, and the ResNet50 model, for this purpose. Notably, the ResNet50 model outperforms the other models in terms of accuracy and prediction capability for the provided data set. Achieving an accuracy rate of 0.8611, the ResNet50 model demonstrates superior performance in classifying cataract grades, after augmenting the data set with 544 images. This performance comparison establishes the ResNet50 model as the most robust choice among the considered models and data sets.

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Ragni, Kumari. "Senile Cataract". Journal of Community Medicine and Health Solutions 5, n. 1 (2 febbraio 2024): 001–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.29328/journal.jcmhs.1001041.

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Cataracts may be described as the opacity of crystalline lenses present in the eye. The translucent crystalline lens is a part of the human eye. It possesses all the physical characteristics of a biconvex lens. The eye’s lens performs similar functions to a camera’s lens. The lens directs light rays entering the eye to the retina’s sensitive layers. Any factor that increases the absorption of scattering of light by the lens reduces its transparency. The opacity of the lens or its capsule, whether developmental or acquired, is called a cataract. Cataracts vary in degree of density and site and assume various forms. Cataract is the leading cause of reversible visual impairment and blindness globally. There are several classifications of cataracts based on morphologic and/or etiologic criteria. However, in epidemiologic studies, the simplified system of three types based on localization of lens opacities is most commonly used: Nuclear cataract is the most common type, followed by cortical cataract and posterior subcapsular cataract. This most prevalent form of acquired cataract, also known as an “age-related cataract,” affects people of both sexes equally and typically develops after age 50. More than 90% of people experience senile cataracts by age 70. Although one eye is almost always afflicted before the other, the disorder is typically bilateral. In the available literature, there is no mention of any such drug that could reverse the opacity of the lens (cataract) once it occurred and make it clear and transparent again. Only replacement of opaque lenses with artificial transparent Intraocular lens (IOL) is successful treatment of cataracts. This review focuses on senile cataracts and the best possible management of senile cataracts.

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Appelboam, Helen. "Canine cataracts". Companion Animal 29, n. 1 (2 gennaio 2024): 2–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/coan.2023.0053.

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The intraocular lens is uniquely designed to aid focused vision, and diseases of the lens such as cataracts are a common cause of blindness in dogs. The causes of cataracts are discussed including the main aetiologies such as hereditary cataract, senile and diabetic cataracts. The article focuses on dogs, as cataracts are less common in cats, although traumatic cataracts and rarely, inherited, congenital and developmental cataracts do occur in felines. The article discusses ways to examine and classify a cataract; the best way to diagnose an early cataract is examination with a veterinary ophthalmologist. Early detection is important, as it is not advised to breed from dogs affected with hereditary cataracts. Surgical extraction is currently the only method to remove a cataract and restore vision, and the common complications of cataract surgery are also explored.

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Nakazawa, Yosuke, Teppei Shibata, Noriaki Nagai, Eri Kubo, Hiroomi Tamura e Hiroshi Sasaki. "Degradation of connexin 50 protein causes waterclefts in human lens". Open Medicine 15, n. 1 (17 novembre 2020): 1163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/med-2020-0249.

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AbstractCataracts are mainly classified into three types: cortical cataracts, nuclear cataracts, and posterior subcapsular cataracts. In addition, retrodots and waterclefts are cataract subtypes that cause decreased visual function. To maintain an orderly and tightly packed arrangement to minimize light scattering, adhesion molecules such as connexins and aquaporin 0 (AQP0) are highly expressed in the lens. We hypothesized that some main and/or subcataract type(s) are correlated with adhesion molecule degradation. Lens samples were collected from cataract patients during cataract surgery, and mRNA and protein expression levels were measured by real-time RT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. The mRNA levels of adhesion molecules were not significantly different among any cataract types. Moreover, AQP0 and connexin 46 protein expressions were unchanged among patients. However, connexin 50 protein level was significantly decreased in the lens of patients with WC cataract subtype. P62 and LC3B proteins were detected in the WC patients’ lenses, but not in other patients’ lenses. These results suggest that more research is needed on the subtypes of cataracts besides the three major types of cataract for tailor-made cataract therapy.

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Lathika, Vasu Kamaladevi, Susan Prakash Minu e K. Skariah Charles. "Influence of cataract on image quality and macular thickness measured using spectral domain optical coherence tomography: a prospective cohort study". International Journal of Advances in Medicine 4, n. 2 (23 marzo 2017): 546. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20171058.

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Background: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is one of the most useful imaging techniques in the management of retinal diseases affecting the macula. Factors affecting the image quality of OCT may affect the macular thickness and hence treatment of retinal pathologies. This study was aimed to evaluate the influence of cataract on macular scans using spectral domain OCT.Methods: The prospective study was done in 36 patients with cataract. Cataract was graded as cortical, nuclear or posterior cataracts. All patients underwent small incision cataract surgery. Pre and post-operative imaging of the macula (4 weeks after surgery) using spectral domain OCT. The signal strength and central macular thickness (CMT) measurements were made before and after the surgery and analysed statistically.Results: The majority (66.7%) of patients had posterior cataracts. A statistically significant improvement in OCT image quality (as assessed by signal strength) was noted post operatively. This was maximum for posterior cataracts (2.9), followed by cortical cataract (1.6), while nuclear cataracts had the least increase in signal strength (1.3). The difference in signal strength gain between posterior and nuclear cataracts was found to be statistically significant (p = 0.05). The increase in CMT was clinically significant only in 8.2% of the study population. No patient with nuclear cataract had a clinically significant increase in CMT following surgery.Conclusions: Cataract can influence OCT image quality as well as central macular thickness measurements. Both were found to be affected maximally by posterior cataracts, followed by cortical, while nuclear cataracts had the least influence.

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Chee, Soon-Phaik, Nicole Shu-Wen Chan, Younian Yang e Seng-Ei Ti. "Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery for the white cataract". British Journal of Ophthalmology 103, n. 4 (15 giugno 2018): 544–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-312289.

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Aim To report the capsulotomy and lens fragmentation outcomes of white cataracts managed with the femtosecond laser (FL).Methods Outcomes of a prospective, observational consecutive case series of white cataracts (June 2012–November 2016) that underwent FL-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) (Victus, Bausch+Lomb, Munich, Germany) at the Singapore National Eye Centre were audited. Data collected: patient demographics, type of white cataract, levelness of docking, anterior capsule position following laser, completeness of capsulotomy and fragmentation, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at 1 month, intraoperative complications. Outcome measures: capsulotomy integrity, fragmentation capability and BCVA at 1 month.Results 58 eyes of 54 patients underwent FLACS. White cataract types included dry white (24 eyes), intumescent (28 eyes) and Morgagnian (6 eyes). Docking was level in 22 eyes (38.6%). Following FL, the anterior capsule level dropped in 20 eyes (34.5%). Incomplete capsulotomies occurred in 10 eyes (17.2%). Lens fragmentation attempted in 38 eyes was effective or partially effective in 31 eyes (81.6%). No anterior or posterior capsule tears occurred. LogMAR BCVA at 1 month was 0.073 (SD 0.09). Risk factors for incomplete capsulotomy were Morgagnian cataract and lens thickness (multiple logistic regression, p<0.01 and p=0.03, respectively).ConclusionThe main complication of FLACS in white cataracts was incomplete capsulotomy (17.2%), significantly associated with Morgagnian cataracts and increased lens thickness. Lens fragmentation was effected in four-fifths of white cataracts but should be avoided in Morgagnian cataracts due to possible overlap of the lens fragmentation plan and the anterior capsule.

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Rahman, Nurul Aini Abdul, e Ameilia Ahmad. "Double rosette cataract: a case report". Malaysian Journal of Ophthalmology 4, n. 1 (21 marzo 2022): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.35119/myjo.v4i1.178.

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Cataract is commonly seen in the elderly population and is a major cause of blindness in Malaysia. The most common morphological types of cataracts associated with the elderly are cortical, nuclear, and posterior subcapsular cataract. Rosette cataracts are commonly associated with blunt trauma. We report a case of a patient who presented with unilateral, non-traumatic, double rosette cataract. He successfully underwent cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation and the final visual outcome was good.

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Mylona, Ioanna, Maria Dermenoudi, Nikolaos Ziakas e Ioannis Tsinopoulos. "Hypertension is the Prominent Risk Factor in Cataract Patients". Medicina 55, n. 8 (2 agosto 2019): 430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55080430.

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Background and objectives: The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of the most prominent cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors in patients undergoing cataract surgery. Materials and Methods: The study included 812 consecutive patients undergoing unilateral, uneventful cataract surgery by means of phacoemulsification, at the 2nd Department of Ophthalmology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, during a calendar year. Patients were assessed for the type of cataract and the presence of three diseases, under pharmacological treatment, that have been reported as risk factors for the development of cataract (arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia). Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the types of cataract and individual risk factors (p < 0.001). Hypertension was the most frequentrisk factor, ranging from 43.8% in patients with subcapsular cataracts, 24.3% in patients with nuclear cataracts, 28.6% in patients with cortical cataracts, and 27.6% in patients with mixed type cataracts. There was a statistically significant difference as to the total number of risk factors per cataract type (p < 0.001); almost all patients with subcapsular cataracts had at least one risk factor (98.4%) while this percentage was 90.5% for patients with mixed cataracts, 85.7% for patients with cortical cataracts, and78.6% for patients with nuclear cataracts. Conclusions: Diabetes mellitus did not have a large incidence in our sample as a single risk factor, while hypertension did. This finding raises the importance of early detection of hypertension, a cardiovascular condition that typically progresses undetected for a number of years.

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Kurt, Ali, Tülay Karacan Ersekerci, Rasit Kiliç e Naime Meriç Konar. "The Affects of Smoking on Cataract Formation in Turkish Patients". Ophthalmology Research: An International Journal 18, n. 6 (25 ottobre 2023): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/or/2023/v18i6403.

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Aims: To investigate whether smoking influences cataract formation age and cataract type in patients who underwent senile cataract surgery. Study Design: Retrospective cross-sectional. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in the Department Of Ophthalmology, Ahi Evran Faculty Of Medicine between November 2014 and March 2018. Methodology: Five hundred eighty-one patients were included, who were operated on for senile cataracts. Age, gender, cataract type, and smoking status of patients were recorded. Congenital, traumatic, drug-induced, and uveitic cataracts were excluded from the study. The smoking status of patients was divided into three groups: currently smoking, never smoking, quitted smoking. The smoking load of patients was calculated as packages/year. Results: Of total of 581 patients, 47.8% (278) were female and 52.2% (303) were male and the mean ages were 66.68 ± 10.68 years and 66.17 ± 9.37 years, respectively. There was an association between gender and smoking status (p<0.05). Smoking rate (both currently smoking and quit smoking) was higher among males. The mean age of cataract patients who were smokers was statistically lower than the mean ages of non-smokers and quitters (p <0.001). There was a statistical association between cataract type of patients and smoking status (p=0.0152). This resulted from a lower incidence of cortical cataracts and higher incidence of posterior subcapsular and nuclear cataracts in smokers. Among these three groups, cortical cataract was the most frequent in the non-smoker group. It was found that smoking increases the posterior subcapsular cataract, but it has less effect on cortical cataract formation. Conclusion: Smoking causes cataract formation in younger ages and higher posterior subcapsular cataract rate. We suggest that this finding may prevent beginning of smoking and increase the motivation of individuals to quit smoking.

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Saygılı, Oğuzhan, Alper Dai, Yusuf Koçluk e Alper Mete. "Congenital Cataract". European Journal of Therapeutics 16, n. 3 (1 maggio 2010): 6–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.58600/eurjther.2010-16-3-1209-arch.

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Congenital cataract has a high amblyogenic potential and is an important subject in pediatric opthalmology. Because of amblyopia risk, congenital cataracts require an early diagnosis.Bilateral congenital cataract is genetic in at least 25% of cases. In contrast, unilateral congenital cataract is usually sporadic. The mode of inheritance is mostly autosomal dominant but autosomal recessive and X-linked modes also occur. Metabolic cataract may be diagnosed biochemically. Because of the anatomical dimensions being smaller and the tissue structures being softer and more elastic in the young patient, surgery of paediatric cataracts represents a special challenge for the ophthalmic surgeon. The evolution of paediatric cataract surgery continues, with many adult cataract surgical techniques being applied to children with minor technical adjustments. Intraocular lenses have helped to provide better anatomic and functional outcome for cataract surgery in children. More and more, surgeons are implanting intraocular lenses in younger children. One of the most widely reported technologic advances in 2004-2005 was the use of hydrofobic acrylic intraocular lenses in children. Predicting axial growth, and refractive change that accompanies it, is one of the major remaining challances for the long- term care of children who have had cataract surgery. Due to the increased inflammatory reaction postoperatively, a minimally traumatic operation, intensive occlusion therapy and optimal correction with glasses or contact lenses are also necessary. Orthoptic follow-up examinations are also important for the long-term result.In this review, a short information about diagnosis and management of congenital cataract is presented.

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Tesi sul tema "Cataract"

Plummer, Robert. "Livingstone's cataract". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12236.

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Includes abstract.
In January 1860, the painter Thomas Baines returned to Cape Town in disgrace, having been dismissed from David Livingstone's expedition to explore the Kebrabasa rapids on the Zambesi River. Livingstone's Cataract is a historical novel that follows Baines's involvement with the expedition. It is written from Baines's point of view, in the first person...

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Ndlovu, Keeleditse. "Perceptions of cataracts and cataract services of elderly persons in Mathangwane, Botswana". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26621.

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Background: Cataract is the leading cause of blindness globally. In Botswana about 60% of blindness is due to cataract. Health services in Botswana are free, as are cataract services. Despite the free health services offered, the Batswana do not fully utilize the available eye care services especially the cataract services. Many Batswana access health care in public hospitals, where patients may have to wait for long periods for clinic appointments and surgery. Research question: What are the perceptions that elderly persons in Mathangwane village in Botswana, have of cataracts and cataracts services? Aim: To explore and describe the perceptions of elderly persons in Mathangwane about cataracts and cataract services. Objectives: 1. Explore and describe elderly persons' perceptions of cataracts; 2. Explore and describe elderly persons' perceptions of cataract services; 3. Explore reasons for use and non-use of current cataract services. Methods: Qualitative exploratory descriptive methods were used. A qualitative study design with purposeful sampling was used to identify participants for interviews and focus group discussion. Semi-structured interviews with seven participants aged sixty-five years and older with diagnosed cataract as well as a focus group with six of the seven participants were conducted. Data was analysed using a content analysis approach. Results: Five themes emerged from the interviews and a focus group discussion: i. Cataract as the 'spider web'; ii. Curing cataract with traditional herbs; iii. Cataract a problem of the elderly caused by modem food; iv. The burden of cataract blindness: 'mealie on the fire'; v. The ambivalent voice of elderly persons about cataract services. Conclusion: Findings from this study show that the participants had a general understanding of what cataract is and they had a particular description for this. Both positive and negative feelings were expressed in relation to the services available. Although cataract surgery was perceived to restore vision a major concern of the elderly persons was in relation to delays they experienced while waiting for the cataract to fully mature. Despite the free services offered at community level there is a great need for affordable and accessible transportation services for elderly persons utilising the cataract services.

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Hanna, Keith James. "Monitoring cataract change". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302892.

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Zanetti, Fernando Roberte 1983. "Efeito dos antiinflamatórios tópicos acetato de prednisolona 1%, nepafenaco 0.1% e cetorolaco de trometamina 0.4% na manutenção da midríase intra-operatória em facectomias = estudo clínico aleatorizado". [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/311825.

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Orientadores: Rodrigo Pessoa Cavalcanti Lira, Carlos Eduardo Leite Arieta
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T07:57:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Zanetti_FernandoRoberte_M.pdf: 5269678 bytes, checksum: 52bd5ded5d0f8194a3568da0d6fc7488 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
Resumo: Introdução: Os Antiinflamatórios tópicos são utilizados comumente no tratamento da inflamação ocular e do edema macular cistóide relacionado a cirurgia de catarata. Tem sido sugerido o uso de antiinflamatórios antes da cirurgia, para conseguir uma melhor midriase intraoperatória. Foi relatado que quando midriase e maior do que 6 mm, a incidência de ruptura da cápsula posterior e reduzido pela metade. O objetivo deste estudo original foi comparar o efeito do uso pré-operatório do acetato de prednisolona, do cetorolaco de trometamina, do nepafenaco e de um placebo, na manutenção da midriase intra-operatória da cirurgia de catarata. Objetivo: Comparar o efeito do uso pré-operatório dos antiinflamatórios tópicos acetato de prednisolona 1%, nepafenaco 0.1% e cetorolaco de trometamina 0.4%, alem de um placebo, na manutenção da midriase intraoperatoria durante a cirurgia de catarata. Desenho: Ensaio clinico aleatorizado, mascarado, realizado em um único centro. Métodos: E um estudo composto por 140 pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de facoemulsificação de catarata. Os pacientes (35 voluntários por grupo) foram aleatorizados para receber o placebo (carboximetilcelulose de sódio 0,5%), acetato de prednisolona 1%, cetorolaco de trometamina 0,4% e o nepafenaco 0,1%. Os colírios eram administrados 3 vezes ao dia e iniciados 48 horas antes da cirurgia.. A medida do tamanho da pupila foi realizada pelo cirurgião usando um compasso nos seguintes momentos: antes da secção da córnea e ao final da cirurgia. O desfecho primário foi avaliar a eficácia de cada medicamento em inibir a miose intraoperatoria (pupilas > 6mm, no final da cirurgia). O desfecho secundário foi obter pupilas > 6mm no inicio da cirurgia. Resultados: O numero de pacientes no grupo da prednisolona (29/35), no grupo do nepafenaco (31/35) e no grupo do cetorolaco (30/35) com diâmetro pupilar > 6 mm foi maior do que no grupo placebo em relação a manutenção da midriase intraoperatoria (19/35 - P =. 003). Não houve diferença estatística entre o grupo da prednisolona, do nepafenaco e do cetorolaco na manutenção da midriase intraoperatória (P =. 791). Não houve complicações durante a cirurgia ou efeitos adversos relacionados com o uso pré-operatório do colírio. Conclusão: O uso pré-operatório da prednisolona, do cetorolaco e do nepafenaco foi eficaz na manutenção midriase intraoperatória quando comparado com o placebo
Abstract: Introduction: Topical anti-inflammatory drugs are commonly used in the management of ocular inflammation and cystoid macular edema related to cataract surgery. It has been suggested the use of anti-inflammatory drugs before surgery, to achieve better intraoperative mydriasis. It was reported that, when mydriasis is greater than 6 mm, the incidence of posterior capsule rupture is reduced by half. The objective of the original study was to compare the effect of preoperative use of topical anti-inflammatory prednisolone acetate, ketorolac tromethamine, nepafenac and placebo, in the maintenance of intraoperative mydriasis in cataract surgery. Purpose: To compare the effects of preoperative use of topical anti-inflammatory prednisolone acetate, ketorolac tromethamine, nepafenac and placebo, on the maintenance of intraoperative mydriasis during cataract surgery. Design: Randomized clinical trial, single-center and masked. Methods: This study comprised 140 patients scheduled for cataract surgery. Patients (35 in each group) were randomized to receive placebo, prednisolone acetate, ketorolac tromethamine 0.4 % or nepafenac. These eye drops were administered three times daily for the two days prior to surgery. The pupillary diameters were measured by the surgeon using a compass prior to the corneal section and at the end of surgery. The primary outcome was the number of patients with pupil > 6 mm at the end of the surgery; the secondary outcome was the number of patients with pupil > 6 mm at the beginning of the surgery. Results: All the patients achieved pupil > 6 mm at the beginning of the surgery. The number of patients in the prednisolone (29/35), nepafenac (31/35) and ketorolac (30/35) groups with pupil > 6 mm was greater than in the placebo group in the maintenance of intraoperative mydriasis (19/35 - P =.003 - Table 2). There was no statistical difference among the prednisolone, nepafenac and ketorolac groups in the maintenance of intraoperative mydriasis (P =.791). There were no complications during surgery or related to the preoperative use of the eye drops. Conclusion: Preoperative use of ketorolac, prednisolone and nepafenac was effective in maintaining intraoperative mydriasis when compared with placebo
Mestrado
Oftalmologia
Mestre em Ciências Médicas

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Crabtree, Helen Louise. "The Sunderland cataract study". Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.430694.

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Enfield, David. "History of Cataract Extraction". The University of Arizona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626670.

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Löfgren, Stefan. "Cataract from ultraviolet radiation /". Stockholm : Karolinska Univ. Press, 2001. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2001/91-7349-065-2/.

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Laidlaw, David Alistair Hunter. "Second eye cataract surgery". Thesis, University of Bristol, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322548.

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Kovalev, A., S. Vavryn, G. Gley, M. Hmyrya, O. Dudar, M. Kuibida, Y. Byts, R. Mamedzadeh, O. Linnik e A. Linnik. "VITAMIN E AND CATARACT". Thesis, Мегапринт, 2013. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/10099.

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Iida, Fumito. "Rupture of lens cataract : a novel hereditary recessive cataract model in the mouse". Kyoto University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/202228.

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Libri sul tema "Cataract"

S, Nicholls C., a cura di. Cataract. London: Faber and Faber, 1985.

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National Institutes of Health (U.S.), a cura di. Cataract. Bethesda, Md: National Institutes of Health, 1985.

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National Institutes of Health (U.S.), a cura di. Cataract. Bethesda, Md: National Institutes of Health, 1986.

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1968-, Malhotra Raman, a cura di. Cataract. Edinburgh: Butterworth Heinemann/Elsevier, 2008.

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Awdry, Philip. Cataract. London: Faber, 1985.

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Güell, José L. Cataract. A cura di European School for Advanced Studies in Ophthalmology. Basel: Karger, 2013.

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Agrawal, Siddharth, a cura di. Pediatric Cataract. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1736-2.

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Alió, Jorge L., H. Burkhard Dick e Robert H. Osher, a cura di. Cataract Surgery. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94530-5.

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Lloyd, Ian Christopher, e Scott R. Lambert, a cura di. Congenital Cataract. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27848-3.

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Liu, Christopher, e Ahmed Shalaby Bardan, a cura di. Cataract Surgery. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38234-6.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Cataract"

Beaver, Hilary. "Cataracts and Cataract Surgery". In Geriatric Ophthalmology, 15–25. New York, NY: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b137372_3.

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Beaver, Hilary. "Cataracts and Cataract Surgery". In Geriatric Ophthalmology, 15–25. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0014-2_3.

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Beaver, Hilary A. "Cataracts and Cataract Surgery". In Geriatric Ophthalmology, 15–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04019-2_3.

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Lamping, Kathleen. "Cataract". In Encyclopedia of Women’s Health, 220–22. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-306-48113-0_74.

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Bollemeijer, J. G. "Cataract". In Leerboek oogheelkunde, 137–46. Houten: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-368-1863-6_10.

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Galloway, N. R. "Cataract". In Common Eye Diseases and their Management, 101–18. London: Springer London, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3521-0_10.

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Kruijer, N. P. A., e E. B. Swinkels. "Cataract". In Verpleegkundig Vademecum, 518–20. Houten: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-313-7326-0_98.

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Galloway, Nicholas Robert, e Winfried Mawutor Kwaku Amoaku. "Cataract". In Common Eye Diseases and their Management, 71–79. London: Springer London, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3625-5_11.

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McDonald, Matthew. "Cataract". In Fundamentals in Ophthalmic Practice, 129–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28841-9_8.

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Lindsey, Jennifer L. "Cataract". In Encyclopedia of Gerontology and Population Aging, 1–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69892-2_913-1.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Cataract"

Rubin, Gary S., Ingrid A. Adamsons e Hugh R. Taylor. "The Effect of Cataract Type on Glare and Contrast Sensitivity". In Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/navs.1991.wd1.

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Abstract (sommario):

It is well established that visual acuity underestimates visual impairment due to mild cataract. The principal effect of a cataract is presumed to be an increase in intraocular light scatter which acts as a veiling luminance to reduce retinal image contrast. Glare and contrast sensitivity tests are more sensitive to the effects of intraocular light scatter than tests of visual resolution (acuity), and have been widely promoted for the evaluation of cataracts. In a recent study, Elliott et al1 reported that posterior subcapsular cataracts (PSC) differed from other cataract types in causing greater loss of contrast sensitivity at low spatial frequencies and greater sensitivity to glare. The purpose of this study is to investigate how different types of cataract affect glare and contrast sensitivity.

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Davis, Elizabeth T., Sherry J. Bass, Jerome Sherman e C. M. Schnider. "Diagnosis of other vision-related diseases in cataract patients". In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1990.tus4.

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Removal of cataracts may not improve visual acuity if the patient also has a macular, optic-nerve, or optic-pathway disease. However standard clinical tests often fail to detect these other diseases in cataract patients, especially in patients with dense cataracts. We assessed the diagnostic value of the patient's age and of a test battery that included use of the laser interferometer, potential-acuity meter, blue-field entoptoscope, and bright-flash visual evoked potentials (VEPs). Discriminant analysis allowed us to determine (1) how well these measures can discriminate cataract patients who have other vision-related diseases from those who do not and (2) which of these measures is most effective in making this discrimination. Our heterogeneous sample consisted of 112 cataract patients who underwent cataract surgery and suffered no surgical or postsurgical complications. Thirty-eight of these cataract patients (34%) had, or were shown later to have had, macular, optic-nerve or optic-pathway disease. Using Bayes' rule to maximize the overall probability of correct categorization, 72-76% of the cataract patients were accurately categorized. The discriminant analysis, however, was more accurate in categorizing cataract patients who did not have other vision-related diseases than it was in categorizing those who did. Moreover, only bright-flash VEPs were effective in making this discrimination.

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Krosl, Katharina, Carmine Elvezio, Laura R. Luidolt, Matthias Hurbe, Sonja Karst, Steven Feiner e Michael Wimmer. "CatARact: Simulating Cataracts in Augmented Reality". In 2020 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ismar50242.2020.00098.

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Sulaiman, Maryam, Ramsha Yousaf, Momina Kashif, Najwa Amir e Zahida Bibi. "An Investigation into the Prevalence of Behavioral and Environmental Determinants of Cataract". In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0232.

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Accounting for 51% of legal blindness in the world and 27% in Qatar, cataract remains the most prevelant cause of visual imapairments. Cataract involves the clouding of the eye lens, which reduces the light that reaches the retina and ultimately reduces vision. There are existing medical procedures for cataract, however these are deemed invasive and unaffordable. Scientists and public specialists agree that preventing cataract formation is the key to allevating worl blindness levels. Our objectives are: -To determine factors that inrease risk of developing cataract. -To discover the link between day-to-day activities of individuals in earlier life and the development of catarct in later life. -To compile a list of ways to prevent formation of cataract.

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Davis, Elizabeth Thorpe, Jerome Sherman, Sherry Bass e Cristina M. Schnider. "Presurgical Prediction of Postsurgical Visual Function in Cataract Patients: Multivariate Statistical Analyses of Test Battery Measurements". In Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/navs.1990.wc2.

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Cataract patients, especially those with dense cataracts, present a challenge in terms of evaluating their potential visual function because the fundus cannot be clearly visualized and thus many standard clinical techniques fail to provide sufficient, accurate information. Yet, cataracts are the most prevalent cause of visual loss. Moreover, while the incidence of cataracts increases as a function of age, so does the incidence of certain macular and optic nerve/pathway diseases (e.g., age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) and ischemic optic neuropathy). Innovative supplementary tests can prove useful both in predicting post-surgical visual acuity and in differentiating cataract patients who have concurrent macular or optic nerve/pathway dysfunctions from those who do not.

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Peili, Denis G., Mary M. Jackowski e John A. Hoepner. "A visual test chart that "bypasses" the optics: Letters-in-Noise, Mark 2". In Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/navs.1990.wc1.

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The typical patient for cataract surgery is elderly. Since cataracts are not life threatening, the decision to operate depends on a cost-benefit analysis. The cost is the relatively small risk of the operation. The benefit is improved vision, but that depends on the health of the rest of the visual system, which can be difficult to assess in the presence of the obscuring cataract.

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Fine, Elisabeth M., e Gary S. Rubin. "Changes in Letter and Word Acuity with Simulated Cataract and Central Scotoma". In Vision Science and its Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1998.sac.3.

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Age-related maculopathy (ARM) is the leading cause of severe visual impairment among older persons. ARM accounts for 35% of severe visual impairment and 43% of legal blindness in persons 65 years of age or older (Muioz et al., 1997). ARM was the primary diagnosis of the majority of patients referred for low vision services in Cardiff, Wales (Leat & Millodot, 1990), Ontario, Canada (Elliott et al., 1992), and Baltimore, MD (A. Habel, personal communication). ARM causes macular scotomas and is frequently accompanied by other forms of ocular pathology, most notably cataracts. From population-based studies (Mufioz et al., 1997) it is estimated that approximately 35% of patients with ARM also have clinically significant cataract. Recent advances in cataract surgery have resulted in a procedure that is highly effective and involves low risk. Many of the cataracts encountered in eyes with ARM would be removed were there no macular disease. But frequently, cataract surgery is postponed in ARM patients because the surgeon feels that the post-operative improvement in visual acuity would be minimal and would be outweighed by the risk of complications. However, we know of no data that establish how cataracts and macular scotomas jointly affect acuity.

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Wolfe, Jeremy M. "A New Psychophysical Method to Assess Ocular Light Scatter". In Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/navs.1992.tud2.

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Developing cataracts have a variety of deleterious effects on the quality of the retinal image. The most notable of these is light scatter. Assessing the visual impact of lens opacities is somewhat problematical. Standard measures like acuity and contrast sensitivity have two drawbacks. First, the impact of the cataract may be fairly minimal (e.g. Hess, & Woo, 1978; Lasa et al., 1991). It is perfectly possible to have a significant cataract and 20/20 acuity. Second, acuity and contrast sensitivity are affected by many forms of pathology. Cataract does not create a unique pattern of losses that allow its CSF to be distinguished from, say, a CSF in a macular degeneration patient (see Davis, Sherman, Bass, & Schnider, 1991 for a discussion).

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Bonea, Elena, e Cornel Igna. "SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF A CASE OF MATURE CATARACT IN A DOG COMPLICATED BY IRIS-ANTERIOR LENS CAPSULE ADHESIONS USING PHACOEMULSIFICATION". In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023v/6.2/s29.95.

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Cataracts occur frequently in older dogs and can lead to partial or complete vision loss. In the present study, a 10-year-old male German shepherd was presented for eye evaluation because of his complete blindness. The diagnosis was bilateral mature cataracts with multiple iris adhesions to the anterior lens capsule in the right eye. This case report examines the process of performing complicated cataract surgery using phacoemulsification method for the patient's right eye. We began to perform surgery as an uncomplicated one, but curvilinear capsulorrhexis was performed only after careful surgical debridement of all adhesion, as close as possible to the anterior lens capsule to prevent iris blood vessel rupture. The hardened cataract lens was removed by phacoemulsification. The surgery was completed by inserting a high performance An- vision Fo-X-14 artificial intraocular lens (IOL), first canine IOL with extended depth of focus. Follow-up surgery the dog gained a better quality of life by becoming visual in the right eye. We checked the intraocular pressure for 1 month after surgery, which remained stable throughout this period. Although iris-anterior lens capsule adhesion can rarely occur in dogs, if debridement can be done carefully during surgery for good capsulorrhexis with preservation of the lenticular capsular bag, phacoemulsification of mature cataracts can also be done successfully. Knowing the eyes at risk, good management of complications is an important point for obtaining a good visual outcome after complicated cataract surgery in dogs.

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Sivak, J. G., D. D. Stuart e J. A. Weerheim. "Optical Properties of the Bovine Lens Before, During and After the Induction of Cold Cataract". In Ophthalmic and Visual Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ovo.1991.thb3.

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Introduction The induction of cataracts by reducing temperature has proven to be an attractive experimental paradigm for scientists involved in in vitro cataract research because of the speed and simplicity of the method and because cold cataracts are usually reversible (Bon, 1959; Zigman and Lerman, 1964; Lerman and Zigman, 1967). In general, cold cataracts can be induced in mammalian lenses by cooling to temperatures below 10°C but above freezing (Lerman and Zigman, 1967; Siezen et al., 1985; Uga et al., 1986). Age and species differences in the development of cold cataract have led to efforts to identify the responsible protein (Lerman and Zigman, 1967). However, uncertainty exists as to whether cold cataracts are due to a specific lens protein or to disruption of supramolecular protein organization (Lowenstein and Bettelheim, 1979; Ondruska and Hanson, 1983). The principle function of the lens is to focus or assist the cornea to focus light on the retina. While changes in lens transparency in vitro have been measured photometrically (Dragomirescu et al., 1983) little attention has been paid to lens refraction function in in vitro cataract research. We have developed a computer operated scanning laser system capable of measuring subtle changes in lens focal length and transmittance during long-term organ culture (Sivak et al., 1986). This method has been used to monitor lens damage produced by a variety of chemical agents as well as UV-B radiation (Sivak et al., 1990, 1991; Stuart et al., 1990). This study represents an effort to use the laser scanning system to measure bovine lens focal and relative transmittance characteristics before, during and after cold cataractogenesis.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Cataract"

Perera, Shamira, e Sameer Trikha. Cataract. Touch Surgery Simulations, maggio 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18556/touchsurgery/2015.s0046.

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Loewenstein, John I., e Bonnie A. Henderson. Virtual Mentor Cataract Surgery Trainer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, settembre 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada602612.

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Kleiman, Norman Jay. Low-Dose Radiation Cataract and Genetic Determinants of Radiosensitivity. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), novembre 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1124670.

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Zhong, Yueyang, Yibo Yu, Jinyu Li, Bing Lu, Su Li e Yanan Zhu. Accuracy of intraocular lens power calculation formulas in pediatric cataract patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, settembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.9.0077.

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Almasri, Malaz, Amjad Ghareeb, Abdulrahman Ismaiel, Daniel-Corneliu Leucuta e Simona Delia Nicoara. The role of Nepafenac in the prevention of macular swelling and its repercussions on visual outcome after cataract surgery - A systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, settembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.9.0004.

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Review question / Objective: P – diabetic and non-diabetic patients undergoing phacoemulsification without macular edema; I – Nepafenac 0.1% or Nepafenac 0.3% in addition to topical steroids; C – topical steroids alone; O – Mean Differences of Foveal thickness (FT), total macular volume (TMV), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and intraocular pressure (IOP); S – Randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Condition being studied: Macular swelling or macular edema after cataract surgery when uncontrolled may compromise the blood-ocular barrier and allow inflammatory cells and cytokines to enter the aqueous humor, resulting in discomfort for the patient, a slower rate of recovery, subpar visual results, and even more complications like the development of synechiae, increased IOP, macular edema (ME), corneal edema, and so forth.

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Flouris, Andreas, Leonidas Ioannou, Akimasa Hirata, Petros Dinas, Konstantin Galichanin, George Gourzoulidis, Yinliang Diao e Lars Nybo. The effects of local and whole-body heating on pain, burns, cataract, and heat-related illness: A protocol for four systematic reviews with meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, giugno 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.6.0018.

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Daisy Shu, Daisy Shu. How do cataracts form and how can they be prevented? Experiment, settembre 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/9993.

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Antibiotics by injection into the eye can prevent severe infection following cataract surgery. National Institute for Health Research, aprile 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/signal-000406.

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Quantification of metal loads by tracer-injection and synoptic-sampling methods in Cataract Creek, Jefferson County, Montana, August 1997. US Geological Survey, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri004237.

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