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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Casein/whey solutions":
1
Dubert-Ferrandon, Alix, Keshaven Niranjan e Alistair S. Grandison. "A novel technique for differentiation of proteins in the development of acid gel structure from control and heat treated milk using confocal scanning laser microscopy". Journal of Dairy Research 73, n. 4 (12 luglio 2006): 423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029906001907.
Abstract (sommario):
The incorporation of caseins and whey proteins into acid gels produced from unheated and heat treated skimmed milk was studied by confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM) using fluorescent labelled proteins. Bovine casein micelles were labelled using Alexa Fluor 594, while whey proteins were labelled using Alexa Fluor 488. Samples of the labelled protein solutions were introduced into aliquots of pasteurised skim milk, and skim milk heated to 90 °C for 2 min and 95 °C for 8 min. The milk was acidified at 40 °C to a final pH of 4·4 using 20 g glucono-delta-lactone/l (GDL). The formation of gels was observed with CSLM at two wavelengths (488 nm and 594 nm), and also by visual and rheological methods. In the control milk, as pH decreased distinct casein aggregates appeared, and as further pH reduction occurred, the whey proteins could be seen to coat the casein aggregates. With the heated milks, the gel structure was formed of continuous strands consisting of both casein and whey protein. The formation of the gel network was correlated with an increase in the elastic modulus for all three treatments, in relation to the severity of heat treatment. This model system allows the separate observation of the caseins and whey proteins, and the study of the interactions between the two protein fractions during the formation of the acid gel structure, on a real-time basis. The system could therefore be a valuable tool in the study of structure formation in yoghurt and other dairy protein systems.
2
Beaulieu, M., Y. Pouliot e M. Pouliot. "Thermal Aggregation of Whey Proteins in Model Solutions as Affected by Casein/Whey Protein Ratios". Journal of Food Science 64, n. 5 (settembre 1999): 776–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1999.tb15910.x.
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Sadeghi, Mahboubeh, Ashkan Madadlou, Asghar Khosrowshahi e Mohammadamin Mohammadifar. "Acid-induced gelation behavior of casein/whey protein solutions assessed by oscillatory rheology". Journal of Food Science and Technology 51, n. 9 (3 maggio 2012): 2113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13197-012-0707-y.
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Alichanidis, Efstathios, Julia H. M. Wrathall e Anthony T. Andrews. "Heat stability of plasmin (milk proteinase) and plasminogen". Journal of Dairy Research 53, n. 2 (maggio 1986): 259–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029900024869.
Abstract (sommario):
SUMMARYThe effect of heating on plasmin activity in various media, including phosphate buffer pH 7·0, skim milk, blood plasma, solutions of casein and solutions of whey proteins were investigated. Plots of log residual activity υ. heating time were linear at all temperatures from 63 to 143 °C. In buffer solutions the presence of casein led to substantial substrate protection, the Arrhenius plots being linear both in the presence and absence of casein. The activation energy, Ea, for the inactivation reaction, was 62·4 kJ/mol in buffer alone and 58·4 kJ/mol with casein present at 25 mg/ml. In skim milk, despite the presence of casein at a similar concentration, plasmin was no more stable to heat than in buffer alone, and a curved Arrhenius plot was obtained indicating a more complex inactivation mechanism. Heating in the presence of proteins having free -SH groups accelerated the inactivation of plasmin. The role of -SH groups was confirmed by experiments with added α-lactalbumin, in which no free -SH groups occur, and reduced carboxymethylated β-lactoglobulin, both of which were without effect. In blood plasma, plasmin was less stable to heat than in buffer (pH 7·0) or in skim milk. Plasminogen behaved very similarly to plasmin either when activated to plasmin with urokinase before heating or when activated afterwards. A hypothesis is presented to describe the heat inactivation and denaturation of plasmin. Technologically important findings are that in skim milk plasmin was largely unaffected by pasteurization conditions and 30–40% of its activity remained even after ultra high temperature processing conditions.
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Bulca, Selda, Joseph Dumpler e Ulrich Kulozik. "Kinetic description of heat-induced cross-linking reactions of whey protein-free casein solutions". International Journal of Dairy Technology 69, n. 4 (19 settembre 2016): 489–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1471-0307.12357.
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Beaulieu, Martin, Yves Pouliot e Michel Pouliot. "Composition and microstructure of casein: whey protein aggregates formed by heating model solutions at 95°C". International Dairy Journal 9, n. 3-6 (marzo 1999): 393–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0958-6946(99)00103-x.
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Chandrapala, Jayani, Bogdan Zisu, Sandra Kentish e Muthupandian Ashokkumar. "Influence of ultrasound on chemically induced gelation of micellar casein systems". Journal of Dairy Research 80, n. 2 (18 gennaio 2013): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029912000696.
Abstract (sommario):
Gelation is a significant operation in dairy processing. Protein gelation can be affected by several factors such as temperature, pH, or enzyme addition. Recently, the use of ultrasonication has been shown to have a significant impact on the formation of whey protein gels. In this work, the effect of ultrasonication on the gelation of casein systems was investigated. Gels were formed by the addition of 7·6 mm Tetra Sodium Pyro Phosphate (TSPP) to 5 wt% micellar casein (MC) solutions. Sonication at 20 KHz and 31 W for up to 30 min changed the surface hydrophobicity of the proteins, whereas surface charge was unaltered. Sonication before the addition of TSPP formed a firm gel with a fine protein network and low syneresis. Conversely, sonication after TSPP addition led to an inconsistent weak-gel-like structure with high syneresis. Gel strength in both cases increased significantly after short sonication times, while the viscoelastic properties were less affected. Overall, the results showed that ultrasonication can have a significant effect on the final gel properties of casein systems.
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Mamay, Dmitriy, Sergey Babenyshev e Angelina Mamay. "Membrane process for the extraction of casein and whey proteins from skim milk". E3S Web of Conferences 462 (2023): 01020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202346201020.
Abstract (sommario):
In deep processing of milk, microfiltration is used to isolate native micellar casein. The need to reduce its cost by increasing the efficiency of this process determines the relevance of research work in this area. The purpose of our research is to analyze the a priori information. This will determine the practical value and prospects of subsequent experimental determination of optimal parameters of the skim milk microfiltration process. The main steps of information search by keywords: selection of databases (Scopus, WOS, ScienceDirect, Googlescolar, etc.) and the most authoritative editions (J. of Dairy Science, J. Membrane Science, J. Membranes), where appearance of publications with practical application in the research subject is noted since 2007, bibliography analysis of scientific articles. Non-academic materials are excluded from the search because they lack full descriptions of research methods, which complicates the reproducibility of the presented results. Analysis of publications devoted to methods of increasing the efficiency of membrane separation of dairy raw materials showed that most of them are partial solutions to this problem. With the limitations - the properties of separation objects, membrane materials, types of apparatuses, etc. cause difficulties in the practical use of the results under changing physical and chemical characteristics of natural milk. But always the main operating parameters of the skim milk microfiltration process are the transmembrane pressure, the circulation rate of the separated system in the apparatus and its temperature. Optimal conditions of milk microfiltration for separation of native micellar casein should be sought experimentally on the basis of creating mathematical models of the process followed by their analysis by numerical methods, as the data given by the authors should be considered as indicative, depending on raw materials, membranes and separation technology.
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Lambelet, Pierre, Rafael Berrocal e Francine Renevey. "Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation study of thermal effects on milk proteins". Journal of Dairy Research 59, n. 4 (novembre 1992): 517–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029900027187.
Abstract (sommario):
SummaryA recently described nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method was evaluated for its usefulness in studying thermal effects on milk proteins. The increase in water proton T2 relaxation rate observed during thermal treatment of aqueous whey protein solutions above the denaturing onset temperature paralleled results obtained with the standard Rowland (1938) method. The influence of milk constituants on NMR characteristics was analysed. The NMR response increased with the ionic strength and the addition of caseinate or casein micelles. The relevance of the T2 relaxation probe for studying thermal modifications of milk proteins is discussed. It is proposed to apply the NMR method for determining either reversible or irreversible thermal denaturation of whey proteins in model Systems.
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Chandrapala, Jayani, Don Bui, Sandra Kentish e Muthupandian Ashokkumar. "Heat stability and acid gelation properties of calcium-enriched reconstituted skim milk affected by ultrasonication". Journal of Dairy Research 81, n. 2 (3 marzo 2014): 238–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029914000132.
Abstract (sommario):
The aggregation of proteins after heating of calcium-fortified milks has been an ongoing problem in the dairy industry. This undesirable effect restricts the manufacture of calcium rich dairy products. To overcome this problem, a completely new approach in controlling the heat stability of dairy protein solutions, developed in our lab, has been employed. In this approach, high intensity, low frequency ultrasound is applied for a very short duration after a pre-heating step at ⩾70 °C. The ultrasound breaks apart whey/whey and whey/casein aggregates through the process of acoustic cavitation. Protein aggregates do not reform on subsequent post-heating, thereby making the systems heat stable. In this paper, the acid gelation properties of ultrasonicated calcium-enriched skim milks have also been investigated. It is shown that ultrasonication alone does not change the gelation properties significantly whereas a sequence of preheating (72 °C/1 min) followed by ultrasonication leads to decreased gelation times, decreased gel syneresis and increased skim milk viscosity in comparison to heating alone. Overall, ultrasonication has the potential to provide calcium-fortified dairy products with increased heat stability. However, enhanced gelation properties can only be achieved when ultrasonication is completed in conjunction with heating.
Tesi sul tema "Casein/whey solutions":
1
Liu, Weiji. "Rôle de la micelle de caséine sur la dénaturation thermique des solutions de protéines de lactosérum et les mécanismes d'encrassement". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ULILR014.
Abstract (sommario):
Le présent travail est une contribution pour mieux comprendre l’influence des micelles de caseine sur l’encrassement de solutions de protéines sériques. En particulier, des approches expérimentales et numériques ont été réalisées, à des tailles laboratoires et pilotes, pour décrire les phénomènes de dénaturation et mieux cerner le rôle du calcium dans les mécanismes d’encrassement. Tout d'abord, l'effet du ratio massique caséine / lactosérum sur les performances d'encrassement des protéines de lactosérum a été étudié dans un échangeur à Plaques à l'échelle pilote. La masse totale du dépôt d'encrassement chute d’abord de manière significative avec l'augmentation de la concentration en caséine, atteignant un minimum quand le ratio vaut 0,2. Au-delà de cette valeur, la masse de dépôt réaugmente. La chute de la masse du dépôt, pour un ratio ≤ 0,2, ne semble pas être corrélée à la dénaturation thermique du BLG mais plus probablement due à la modification des interactions minérales introduites par la caséine. L'augmentation de la masse de dépôt, pour un ratio ≥ 0,2, semble être liée à une co-précipitation du complexe BLG-caséine qui augmente l'encrassement. Il est suggéré que la présence de caséine micellaire modifie profondément l'équilibre calcique en solution et que la teneur en nanocluster de Ca-P modifie fortement les interactions entre les espèces protéiques et les minéraux (calcium ionique, Ca-P) affectant ainsi la dénaturation des protéines et la précipitation des minéraux. Un nouveau modèle cinétique concernant le dépliement thermique et l'agrégation de BLG a été établi. Ce modèle est en mesure de justifier la rupture de pente dans le diagramme d'Arrhenius et de fournir des informations thermodynamiques détaillées pour les processus de dépliement et d'agrégation. Sur la base de ce modèle, il a été confirmé que le calcium ionique avait un rôle protecteur sur le dépliement thermique du BLG à basse température. En revanche, à des températures plus élevées, le calcium favorise l'agrégation et la formation d'espèces BLG dépliées. Un dispositif d'encrassement à l'échelle laboratoire a été construit et tester avec des protéines de lactosérum en régime laminaire. Un modèle CFD 3D réaliste a été implémenté simulant à la fois les réactions au cœur du fluide et en surface. Les résultats ont montré une relation linéaire entre le facteur pré-exponentiel et la concentration de calcium, ce qui suggère que l'encrassement nécessite qu’une seule molécule de calcium soit associée à une protéine de BLG. Il est confirmé que le calcium est essentiel à l'encrassement avec des effets significatifs à la fois sur les processus de dénaturation thermique et sur la croissance du dépôt. Enfin, l'effet du ratio caséine / lactosérum sur l'encrassement a été étudié avec un dispositif d'encrassement de laboratoire. Les résultats laboratoires montrent que la caséine réduit l’aptitude à l’encrassement comme déterminé précédemment avec l’installation pilote. Cependant, dans ce cas, l'encrassement reste à un niveau faible y compris pour des ratios élevés (jusqu'à 4). La présence de caséines individuelles dans la phase sérique a été considérée comme responsable de cette atténuation de l'encrassement, probablement par leurs activités de type chaperon. Cependant, quand le pH de la solution d'encrassement est fixé à 6,6, il est démontré que la caséine perd son effet d'atténuation de l'encrassement pour des ratios plus élevés. Ce comportement est lié à sa faible capacité de micelle de caséine à contrôler le calcium ionique dans la phase sérique à un pH plus bas, entraînant une concentration plus élevée en calcium facilitant la dénaturation de la BLG et l'accumulation de dépôts. Une quantité plus faible de caséines dissociées dans la phase sérique à pH 6,6 pourrait aussi expliquer l'augmentation de la masse d'encrassement car elles ne sont pas en concentration suffisantes pour remplir des fonctions de type chaperonThe present work is a contribution to better understand the influence of casein micelles on the fouling of serum whey protein solutions. In particular, experimental and numerical approaches have been carried out, at laboratory and pilot scales, to describe denaturation phenomena and better understand the role of calcium in fouling mechanisms. First of all, the effect of casein/whey mass ratio on the whey protein fouling performance was investigated in a pilot-scale PHE. The total fouling deposit mass drop significantly with the addition of casein, resulting in a minimum value located at Casein/WPI of 0.2. Exceeding this critical ratio, fouling deposit increased with elevated casein concentrations. The deposit mass drop (Casein/WPI ≤ 0.2) is unlikely to be linked to the thermal denaturation of BLG and is more probably due to the change in mineral interactions introduced by casein. The increased fouling mass (Casein/WPI ≥ 0.2) was attributed to a co-precipitation of BLG-casein complex that enhances the fouling. It is proposed that micellar casein change deeply the calcium balance and the content of CaP nanocluster modifies sharply the interactions which occur between protein species (BLG, caseins) and mineral elements (ionic calcium, Ca-P) thereby affecting the protein denaturation and fouling behavior. A novel kinetic model concerning thermal unfolding and aggregation of BLG was established. This model interprets mathematically the break-slope behavior in the Arrhenius plot and provides detailed thermodynamic information for both unfolding and aggregation processes. Based on this model, it was confirmed that ionic calcium has a protective role on the thermal unfolding of BLG at low temperature. In contrast, at higher temperatures, calcium promotes aggregation and the formation of unfolded BLG species. A bench-scale fouling rig was built to perform whey protein fouling experiments in a laminar regime. A realistic 3D CFD model was achieved to simulate both the bulk and surface reactions. Results showed a linear relationship between the deposition pre-exponential factor and calcium concentration, suggesting the fouling is built in such a pattern that only one calcium ion per BLG molecule is involved. Calcium was confirmed to be essential to fouling growth with significant effects both on the thermal denaturation and deposition processes. Finally, the effect of casein/whey ratio on the whey protein fouling was investigated in the laboratory-scale fouling device. Results revealed a similar effect of casein on fouling mitigation as those found in the pilot plant. However, in this case, the fouling was suppressed and maintained at a low extent even at high Casein/WPI ratios (up to 4). The presence of individual caseins in the serum phase was considered to be responsible for this fouling mitigation probably through their chaperon-like activities. However, when the pH of the fouling solution is set at 6.6, casein is shown to lose its fouling-mitigating effect at higher ratios. This behavior is related to its weak ability of casein micelle to control ionic calcium in the serum phase at lower pH, resulting in higher calcium concentration facilitating BLG denaturation and deposition accumulation. A lower amount of dissociated caseins in the serum phase at pH 6.6 could also explain the increase in fouling mass because they are not in sufficient concentration to perform chaperone-like functions
Libri sul tema "Casein/whey solutions":
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Bakhoum, Mourad M., e Juan A. Sobrino, a cura di. Case Studies of Rehabilitation, Repair, Retrofitting, and Strengthening of Structures. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/sed012.
Abstract (sommario):
<p>This document provides case studies of structural rehabilita-tion, repair, retrofitting, strengthening, and upgrading of structures, which might be encompassed – in short – by the convenient umbrella terms “Conservation / Upgrading of Existing Structures”. The selected studies presented in this SED cover a variety of structural types from different countries.</p> <p>Strengthening and rehabilitation of structures is usually a challenge because of uncertainties associated with old struc-tures and difficulties due to restrictions on the geometry and materials used, as well as other structural or functional con-straints. When repairing an existing structure the engineers involved have plenty of possibilities, lots of constraints, and in some cases there are no applicable codes. Strengthening and rehabilitating is sometimes a complex and exciting work; an art.</p> <p>The book is a summary of practices to help structural engineers. The reader of this book will discover different approaches to put forward strengthening or rehabilitation projects. Even identical technical problems could have very different efficient solutions, as discussed in the papers, considering structural, environmental, economic factors, as well as contractor and designer experience, materials, etc.</p>
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Mischenko, Aleksandr, e Anastasiya Ivanova. Optimization models for managing limited resources in logistics. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1082948.
Abstract (sommario):
In the proposed monograph, optimization models for managing limited resources in logical systems are considered. Such systems are primarily used by industrial enterprises, transport companies and trade organizations, including those that carry out wholesale activities. As a rule, the efficiency of these objects largely depends on how rational use of limited resources such as: consumer camera business, labor, vehicles, etc. In this paper, various approaches to managing such resources are considered both for deterministic models and for the situation when a number of model parameters are not specified exactly, that is, for stochastic models. In this case, it is proposed to evaluate the stability of models to the occurrence of various types of risk events, both by the structure of the solution and by the functionality. It is addressed to senior students, postgraduates and masters studying in the specialty "Management" and "Logistics", as well as specialists in the field of logistics systems modeling.
3
Mercati, Flavio. Solutions of Shape Dynamics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789475.003.0013.
Abstract (sommario):
This chapter deals with the most important results in SD, namely, the classical solutions of the theory in which the equivalence with (GR) breaks down. Firstly, I study the case of homogeneous but not isotropic cosmologies, known as ‘Bianchi IX’ universes in detail. In this case, each solution that reaches the big bang singularity can be continued uniquely through it, just by requiring continuity of the conformally- and scale-invariant degrees of freedom. The result is a couple of cosmological solutions with opposite orientation glued at the big bang. This result is more general than the homogeneous case, and can be extended to a large class of solutions if the BKL conjecture is valid. In the case of spherically symmetric solutions one has to couple gravity to some form of matter in order to have dynamically non-trivial degrees of freedom. The simplest case is a series of concentric infinitely thin shells of dust in a universe with the topology of a three-sphere. In this case too a departure from the dynamics of (GR) is seen, that manifests itself in a failure of the CMC slicing when one of the shells collapses (no spacetime corresponding to that solution of SD exists). The conformally invariant degrees of freedom, again, seem to still be regular when this happens. In the last part of the chapter I will discuss the sense in which one can talk about asymptotically flat solutions of SD, and past results in this regime.
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Rayner, Mike, Kremlin Wickramasinghe, Julianne Williams, Karen McColl e Shanthi Mendis. Evidence for population-level approaches to the prevention of NCDs. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198791188.003.0008.
Abstract (sommario):
This chapter is the first of three about solution generation. It focuses on ways to evaluate the effectiveness of population health interventions and provides key questions to ask when applying evidence-based medicine to public health interventions. It also discusses how the dialogue between evidence producers and policy-makers can take various forms. Case studies illustrate how action can lag far behind even when evidence is strong and how powerful vested interests can undermine evidence-based policies. The chapter then discusses the role that modelling methods can play in improving public health decision-making, particularly when existing evidence is incomplete and traditional research methods are unable to provide solutions.
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Kim, Johhny, Michael Kelly e Cynthia Franklin. Solution-Focused Brief Therapy in Schools. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190607258.001.0001.
Abstract (sommario):
Teachers, administrators, and students face many challenges in schools, yet schools are also places of solutions, strengths, and successes. The second edition of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy in Schools offers a practical guide that shows school social workers how to harness the solutions that are already happening in their schools by applying the principles of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT). With its emphasis on strengths and short-term treatment, SFBT is a potentially powerful tool for school professionals to add to their repertoires. A solution-focused school social worker can help students, particularly those who are harder to engage, think about ways to focus on what’s working and how they can change their lives in positive ways. This second edition is part of the School Social Work Association of America Oxford Workshop Series and has been updated with new research and clinical practice information. New to this edition is a more thorough example of how to use SFBT within the Response-to-Intervention (RtI) framework with case examples demonstrating innovate ways. It also includes five new clinical chapters called “SFBT in Action.” These new chapters cover five of the most common student problems school social workers encounter in their jobs. Each of these new chapters provides an overview of the particular problem both nationally and in school settings and describe risk and protective factors. Along with a discussion on why SFBT is a useful approach for that particular problem, case examples are also provided illustrating how to use many of the specific solution-focused techniques for them.
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Marshall, Kristin N., e Phillip S. Levin. When “sustainable” fishing isn’t. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808978.003.0017.
Abstract (sommario):
This chapter highlights conflicts created by fishing at levels generally thought to be sustainable. Sustainable seafood has been defined as providing food today without affecting the ability of future generations to obtain food. But this straightforward definition belies the complexity of sustainability. Models suggest that even under low levels of fishing there can be large impacts on ecosystem attributes, and thus the small reductions from sustainable harvest levels that have been advocated as a win-win solution do not necessarily lead to ecosystem benefits. Second, a case study of herring fisheries and harvest by indigenous peoples in Haida Gwaii reveals that what is regarded to be a sustainable commercial herring harvest can degrade human wellbeing. A potential solution may be spatial management that creates trade-offs on finer spatial scales, and satisfies more ecological and cultural needs.
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Epstein, Charles L., e Rafe Mazzeo. Holder Estimates for General Models. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691157122.003.0009.
Abstract (sommario):
This chapter presents the Hölder estimates for general model problems. It first estimates solutions to heat equations for both the homogeneous Cauchy problem and the inhomogeneous problem, obtaining first and second derivative estimates in the latter case, before discussing a general result describing the off-diagonal and long-time behavior of the solution kernel for the general model. It also states a proposition summarizing the properties of the resolvent operator as an operator on the Hölder spaces. In contrast to the case of the heat equation, there is no need to assume that the data has compact support in the x-variables to prove estimates when k > 0.
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Katz, Anne. Sex When You’re Sick. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216013419.
Abstract (sommario):
Sexuality is much more than sex; it is the embodiment of how we perceive our sexual selves and encompasses past experiences, attitudes, values, as well as the meanings that we have constructed throughout our lives about our sexual behavior. It is integral to healthy human functioning, and it can be severely affected whenever a person becomes the victim of illness or injury. This book describes how illness and injury impact sexual functioning. From cancer to diabetes, hysterectomy to injury, from mental illness to combat injury, the author covers a wide variety of illness and disease that can directly impact sexuality. Based on cutting edge research, current practice in this area by leading sex therapists and experts, the author provides readers with a guide to how illness and disease can affect sexual functioning and how victims can handle the various issues involved. Case studies, quotes from patients, and tips and solutions for problems encountered in all aspects of sexual functioning are included throughout. Until now, a comprehensive overview of the challenges to sexuality from illness and injury was not available. This book explains the reasons why illness and injury affect sexuality. This information alone will help many people who are experiencing problems in their sex lives as a result of the illness itself or the treatments for it. It also presents suggestions for how people can help themselves to solve their problems. Helpful resources are included at the end of each chapter for further information and help. Each chapter contains stories of people who have experienced sexual problems as a result of illness or injury and many readers will see themselves in these examples. Just knowing that other people have the same sorts of problems may be a comfort. In addition, the information and explanations in the book can be helpful in starting a conversation with health care providers about problems in sexual functioning. Readers will come away with a better understanding of how they can cultivate sexuality during and after battling illness and injury.
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Fox, Michael H. Why We Need Nuclear Power. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199344574.001.0001.
Abstract (sommario):
Nuclear power may just be the most important solution to our search for clean, sustainable energy sources. Although wind and solar can contribute to our energy mix, we need a reliable source to meet large-scale energy demands and break our dependence on fossil fuels. However, most people are wary, if not downright afraid, of nuclear power. Given nuclear disasters such as Chernobyl and Fukushima, it's not difficult to see why. In the wake of these events, fear has clouded the public's understanding of the facts. It's time to clear up those misconceptions and examine the science behind nuclear power, in order to determine what role it could and should play in our future. In Why We Need Power: The Environmental Case, radiation biologist Michael H. Fox argues that nuclear power is essential to slowing down the impact of global warming. He examines the issue from every angle, relying on thirty-five years of research spent studying the biological effects of radiation. Fox begins with the problem, carefully laying out how our current energy uses and projections for the future will affect greenhouse gases and global warming. The book then evaluates each major energy source and demonstrates the limits of renewable energy sources, concluding that nuclear power is the best solution to our environmental crisis. Fox then delves into nuclear power, looking at the effects of radiation, the potential for nuclear accidents, and the best methods to dispose of nuclear waste. By systematically analyzing each aspect of the nuclear issue, Fox clarifies which concerns have a scientific basis and which remain unsupported. His in-depth exploration of the facts persuasively demonstrates that nuclear power is critical to reducing the effects of energy production on the global climate. Written in an engaging and accessible style, Why We Need Nuclear Power is an invaluable resource for both general readers and scientists interested in the facts behind nuclear energy.
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Paludi, Michele A., a cura di. Why Congress Needs Women. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216035596.
Abstract (sommario):
This book addresses women's civil strategies for negotiation and leadership through careful analysis of social science research and management theory as well as interviews with women legislators, documenting how women in Washington are affecting the development of the world at all levels. In October 2013, after the war between Republican and Democratic men in Congress resulted in a government shutdown, Time magazine referred to the women legislators as "the only adults left in Washington." In Why Congress Needs Women: Bringing Sanity to the House and Senate, editor Michele A. Paludi and various contributors explain how women in Washington have redefined leadership and power by embracing a transformational leadership style: a style that incorporates empowerment, ethics, nurturance, inclusiveness, and social justice, transcending their own self-interests for the good of the group—or, in the case of the shut-down, for the good of the nation. A resource that will prove invaluable for anyone interested in politics and leadership as well as students taking courses in politics, women's studies, gender studies, or management, the chapters provide an in-depth review of the ways women in Washington are striving to find lasting solutions to our nation's challenges. The contributors document the mindset and methodologies women legislators are using to achieve their legislative goals and work toward creating gender-equitable environments in Washington's well-established climate where bullying, harassment, and sexual exploitation is perceived as normative. Insights from interviews with women senators and congress members enhance the scholarship discussed in this book.
Capitoli di libri sul tema "Casein/whey solutions":
1
He, Sinan, Yi Zhang, Jingya Zhang, Xiaofan Li, Zhun Wu, Jun Niu e Daisong Guan. "Why and Why Not Use My Face?—A Case Study of Face Recognition Solutions in the Workplace". In Design, User Experience, and Usability. Practice and Case Studies, 485–504. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23535-2_36.
2
Tanford, Charles, e Jacqueline Reynolds. "Fibrous Proteins". In Robots Nature’s, 76–83. Oxford University PressOxford, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198504665.003.0007.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract It had been known for many years that not all proteins were globular proteins—that is, relatively compact, nearly spherical, charged particles. Some (like casein and gelatin) deviated grossly from this picture when studied in solution. Others, notably keratin, silk fibroin, and collagen, were not even soluble in aqueous media and could be seen in associated form under the microscope as elongated fibres. By chemical criteria, they were indubitably proteins, composed of the same amino acids as their more tractable brethren, though sometimes the proportions were unusual. Like the globular proteins, these fibrous proteins bear ionic charges. Jacinto Steinhardt, an American who had some years earlier been a postdoctoral visitor to the Carlsberg Laboratory, carried out acid– base titrations of suspensions of wool keratin, and the resulting curves were similar to those for globular proteins in solution.
3
Bachner, Jennifer. "Challenges and Solutions when Designing and Teaching Online Courses". In Cases on Critical and Qualitative Perspectives in Online Higher Education, 24–43. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-5051-0.ch002.
Abstract (sommario):
This case identifies the common challenges associated with teaching and developing online courses in higher education and proposes solutions to address these challenges. The solutions employ emerging technologies that facilitate (1) intellectual engagement through progressive inquiry, (2) collaboration among students, (3) continuous feedback, and (4) learning that takes place both within and outside of “class time.” The technologies discussed in the case advance these four learning principles and include online labor markets, collaborative annotation programs, interactive textbooks, and assessments that provide immediate grading and feedback. The examples used throughout the case are largely drawn from courses that were taught as part of a Master of Arts in Government Program. Although the courses focus primarily on the study of governance, politics and research methods, the technologies described would be useful in a wide range of academic courses, including those in the humanities, social sciences, natural sciences, and information sciences.
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Patti, Mary-Elizabeth, Mark Callery, Robert Najarian, Mandeep Sawhney, Lyle Mitzner, Alison Goldfine e James Moser. "Case 93: Progressive Hypoglycemia Due to Insulinoma in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes: Treatment with Image-Guided Minimally Invasive Pancreas-Sparing Surgery". In Diabetes Case Studies: Real Problems, Practical Solutions, 345–50. American Diabetes Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.93.
Abstract (sommario):
A 54-year-old man with type 2 diabetes (T2D) presented for evaluation of hypoglycemia. T2D was diagnosed at age 35 years, when the patient presented with recurrent urinary tract infections. Treatment with diet, metformin, and pioglitazone/rosiglitazone led to normalization of glucose, with hemoglobin A1c of 6%. He remained stable until age 54 years, when he developed an inferior wall myocardial infarction (MI). Postinfarction pericarditis required initiation of higher dose aspirin (650 mg t.i.d.). Patient markedly improved diet and increased exercise in the post-MI setting, achieving a rapid 24-lb weight loss. Metformin and rosiglitazone were discontinued.
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Bell, David. "Case 16: Type 1 Diabetes Can Present at Any Age". In Diabetes Case Studies: Real Problems, Practical Solutions, 61–63. American Diabetes Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.16.
Abstract (sommario):
A 49-year-old white man was diagnosed as having diabetes at age 34 years when he presented with polyuria, polydypsia, weight loss, and a blood glucose level of 367 mg/dL (20.4 mmol/L). He was placed on a diabetic diet for 2 years, and when his glucose levels were not controlled by diet alone, he was started on metformin and a sulfonylurea for 9 years until basal insulin was added at the age of 43 years. Even after three hospital admissions for diabetic ketoacidosis, short-acting insulin had not been added to his regimen.
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Beck-Nielsen, Henning. "Case 75: Blood Glucose Control of Patients with Hypertriglyceridemia". In Diabetes Case Studies: Real Problems, Practical Solutions, 278–80. American Diabetes Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.75.
Abstract (sommario):
Our patient was 48 years old when she was hospitalized the first time with acute abdominal pain. Until then she had been well and had not received any medication. She had never before been hospitalized except for the birth of her two children: a daughter and a son. Her abdominal pain started in the evening after a heavy meal. The pain was located in the middle of the abdomen and extended to her back. It had continued for 2 h when she was hospitalized with the diagnosis of appendicitis. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen showed an enlarged and echogenic pancreas, whereas the appendix and gallbladder appeared normal. An elevated amylase concentration was consistent with the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. The patient also said that she had lost 4–5 kg during the last 6 months and also had developed a tendency to fall asleep when sitting in a chair. She denied drinking alcohol regularly. A blood glucose (BG) level was elevated at 12 mmol/l (216 mg/dL) and confirmed the diagnosis of diabetes.
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Bell, David. "Case 89: Reversal of Insulin-Requiring Type 2 Diabetes and Development of Hypoglycemia in a Morbidly Obese Patient". In Diabetes Case Studies: Real Problems, Practical Solutions, 329–31. American Diabetes Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.89.
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Bell, David. "Case 98: Severe Distal Symmetrical and Autonomic Neuropathy in a Patient with a Short Duration of Type 1 Diabetes". In Diabetes Case Studies: Real Problems, Practical Solutions, 364–66. American Diabetes Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.98.
Abstract (sommario):
17-year-old woman had had type 1 diabetes for 2 years when she developed restless legs, which was followed by paresthesias in her lower limbs, and soon after by the development of nocturnal diarrhea, fecal incontinence, early satiety, weight loss, and dizziness on standing.
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Rushakoff, Robert, Mary Sullivan, Arti Shah e Heidemarie Windham MacMaster. "Case 70: Insulin Injections: What You “See” May Not Be What You Get". In Diabetes Case Studies: Real Problems, Practical Solutions, 261–64. American Diabetes Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.70.
Abstract (sommario):
A 78-year-old thin man was seen for high glucose levels. Despite follow-up with certified diabetes educators (CDEs) and physicians, glucose values were >300 mg/dL. He was prescribed 50 units of lispro before each meal and 100 units of glargine. His elderly wife was administering the shots. When asked, “How long does a bottle of insulin last?” she said at least a month (should have been about 6 days).
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Muntoni, Sandro, e Mauro Congia. "Case 76: No Effect of Gluten-Free Diet in Prevention of Autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes and Other Autoimmune Disorders in a Child with Celiac Disease". In Diabetes Case Studies: Real Problems, Practical Solutions, 281–83. American Diabetes Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/9781580405713.76.
Abstract (sommario):
An 11-month-old Sardinian female infant was brought to our clinic in March 2000 for 3 weeks of diarrhea (4–5 bowel movements daily), associated with weight loss from 9.0 kg to 7.5 kg. She was naturally born at the 39th week of gestation and breast-fed until 1 month of age when baby formula milk was introduced. At the end of the sixth month, she started the weaning until the progressive onset of the diarrhea.
Atti di convegni sul tema "Casein/whey solutions":
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Ladyka, Volodymyr, Yuriy Skliarenko, Yuliia Pavlenko e Alona Malikova. "Study of beta-casein gene polymorphism in dairy cattle populations of Ukraine". In Scientific and practical conference with international participation: "Management of the genetic fund of animals – problems, solutions, outlooks". Scientific Practical Institute of Biotechnologies in Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.61562/mgfa2023.20.
Abstract (sommario):
Using real-time polymerase chain reaction methods, we have researched the CSN2 polymorphism gene in 2 populations of cows in the North-East of Ukraine. The observed distributions of genotype frequencies А1А1, А1А2, А2А2 and A1 or A2 alleles varies considerably in different cattle populations of cows: population of brown cattle – 1.7%, 38.5, 59.8% (0.209 and 0.791); black and spotted population – 18.3%, 44.7%, 37.0% (0.406 and 0.594). The ratio of genotypes were found significant differences when comparing genotypes A1A1 (p<0.001) and A2A2 (p<0.001). The results of DNA testing of the beta-casein locus for A1 and A2-allelic variants in stud bulls of the studied populations have shown that the highest frequency of the A2A2 desired homozygous genotype is characteristic of the breeders of brown cattle (46%). The obtained results indicate the prospects of breeding work to create herds with genotype A2A2 animals - specifically with the brown cattle.
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Galimzyanov, Artem, Orkhan Heydarov, Bakhtiyar Jafarov, Rufat Mirzayev, Kamal Kamalov e Akgun Kilic. "Offshore Caspian Sea: Appraisal Well Monitoring Using Inflow Tracer Technology". In SPE Annual Caspian Technical Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207065-ms.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract A gas condensate field development in the offshore Caspian Sea experienced monitoring challenges and costly operations. In regular field-wide surveillance it is a challenging task to evaluate the numerous well monitoring options on the market, such as production logging, permanent downhole gauges, and distributed temperature sensing along the wellbore. These solutions require wellbore interventions and introduce operational risk during well logging or completion installation risk when fiber is installed. Permanently installed inflow tracer technology is an alternative monitoring solution which avoids the above-mentioned risks but still obtain valuable inflow information concerning well performance over several years. An appraisal well in the field was selected to pilot inflow tracing technology for assessment of reserves and productivity, for the first time in the Caspian Sea. Multiple sampling campaigns to capture the data was incorporated into a well testing programme to complement the pressure transient data collection and interpretation. The inflow tracer interpretations were successful in providing additional insight towards clean-up efficiency and flow distribution between zones. The latter was verified later by production logging, strengthening confidence with inflow tracer technology. The application of the permanent inflow tracers has proven to be a viable alternative to other well monitoring solutions without any risk and will become an effective long-term monitoring solution for planned production wells in the field development.
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Colaïtis, Yann, e Alain Batailly. "Stability Analysis of an Industrial Blade Accounting for a Blade-Tip/Casing Nonlinear Interface". In ASME Turbo Expo 2022: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2022-82322.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract This paper investigates the local stability analysis of periodic solutions corresponding to the nonlinear vibration response of an industrial compressor blade, NASA rotor 37, on which are applied different types of nonlinearities. These solutions are obtained using a harmonic balance method-based approach presented in a previous paper. It accounts for unilateral contact and dry friction of the rotating blade against a rigid casing through a regularized penalty law. A Lanczos filtering technique is also employed to mitigate spurious oscillations related to the Gibbs phenomenon thus enhancing the robustness of the solver. In addition, a component mode synthesis technique is used to reduce the dimension of the numerical model. Stability assessment of the computed solutions relies on Floquet theory. It is performed through the computation of the monodromy matrix as well as Hill’s method. Both methodologies are applied and thoroughly compared as the severity of the nonlinearity is gradually increased from a cubic spring to 3D contact conditions on a deformed casing. While the presented results underline the applicability of both stability assessment methodologies for all types of nonlinearities, they also put forward the much higher computational effort required when computing the monodromy matrix. Indeed, it is shown that Hill’s method yields converged results for significantly lower values of both the number of retained harmonics and the considered number of time steps thus making it a far more efficient method when dealing with industrial models. It is also underlined that the presented results are in excellent agreement with reference solution points obtained with time domain solution methods. Specific implementation tweaks that were found to be of critical importance in order to efficiently assess the stability of computed solutions are also detailed in order to provide a comprehensive view of the challenges inherent to such numerical developments.
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Shukla, Rishabh, Sharad Goyal, Amarendra K. Singh, Jitesh H. Panchal, Janet K. Allen e Farrokh Mistree. "An Approach to Robust Process Design for Continuous Casting of Slab". In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-34208.
Abstract (sommario):
Continuous casting is a crucial step in the production of a variety of steel products. Its performance is measured in terms of conflicting objectives including productivity, yield, quality and production costs. These are conflicting in the sense that, if the productivity is increased, there is a reduction in other performance parameters. These performance parameters are greatly influenced by operating conditions such as casting speed, superheat, mold oscillation frequency, and secondary cooling conditions. An optimized solution for continuous casting process can be obtained. However uncertainty in operating parameters which affects the performance of caster is rarely considered. Moreover, the solution obtained is optimal with respect to a particular performance measure and does not provide a balance between all. In this paper an integrated design framework has been developed based on metamodels and the compromise Decision Support Problem (cDSP). The framework developed deals with uncertainty and yields robust solutions for performance measures. Further, the design space for continuous casting has been explored for different scenarios to determine satisficing solutions. The utility of the framework has been illustrated for providing decision support when an existing configuration for continuous casting is unable to meet the requirements. This approach can be instantiated for other unit operations involved in steel manufacturing and then may be integrated to simulate the entire production cycle of steel manufacturing. This in turn will enable development of materials with specific properties and reduce the time and cost incurred in the development of new materials and their manufacturing.
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Moroni, Nevio, Davide Simeone, Fabio Parrozza, Sergio Fazio, Emmanuel Therond, Emilia Belleggia, Rikk Connell e M. Bogaerts. "Adequate Cementing Solutions for Dual Casing Running System Improves Operational Efficiency When Drilling Top Hole Sections in Deep Water Wells." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/146079-ms.
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Noshi, Christine Ikram, e Mahmood Amani. "Reduction of Casing Failure Risk via SMART Adjustment of Casing Design and/or Downhole Practices". In SPE Western Regional Meeting. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/209312-ms.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Casing failure incidents have been on the rise since the 70's. An alarming rate of up to 50% of offshore wells in GOM have experienced some degree of casing failure, not to mention, numerous reports of onshore and offshore incidents worldwide. What has been done to mitigate its aftermaths? Most of the attempts to flag or mitigate casing failures were physics-based solutions; analytical, experimental, or numerical, that tackles one or few aspects on a small scale. However, those former studies were found to perform unreliably and did not attain wide-scale execution, mainly, due to the dynamic complexity of the underlying problem. One cannot help but wonder till when the industry is going to turn a blind eye to this global problem. What am I bringing to the table, then? Simply, an automated solution, based on ensemble models focusing on resolving the infamous casing fatigue problem. This avant-garde solution accounts for potential risk factors and their impact on the probability of casing failure, using them to construct the proposed automated casing failure mitigation framework based on a two-step prediction-correction procedure. This research proposes two different schemes or scenarios that can be followed for mitigating casing failure. Namely, adjusting downhole practices (e.g., Doglegs, Frac. Temp., Cement Support, etc.) that impose high risk of casing failure while maintaining the initial casing string design or adjusting casing design (e.g., Size, Length, Grade, etc.) according to encountered downhole conditions while maintaining downhole practices as is. However, the workflow proposed in this paper is based on Scheme I, where downhole practices is adjusted based upon downhole conditions during cyclic operations. As such, the focus of the study is on highlighting potential casing fatigue estimators for different parts of the casing during such operations. The model uses data aggregated from several sources from both failed and non-failed wells and has been tested on the data set managing to reduce the overall outcome occurrence to "Low". It is the feedback step in the adopted "prediction-correction" scheme that gives the edge to the proposed workflow in this study over other data-driven workflows existing in literature, specifically, in the area of tubular and casing failures. Following this two-step procedure, the proposed tool can handle the risk of casing failure proactively rather than reactively. This, in turn, could potentially give the allowance for drillers and drilling engineers to adjust their design specifications in to avoid or mitigate potential casing failure.
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Alzahrani, Majed A., Bader M. Alotaibi e Beshir Aman. "Drilling Operations Real-Time Monitoring and Alerting Using Advanced Machine Learning Algorithms". In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211778-ms.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Well construction is a lengthy, complex and an expensive process. A drilling rig can spend several months to complete the operation in a single well. When analyzing the type of operations performed by rigs, we can see that almost 30% of the time is consumed while making new hole (i.e., drilling time), while the majority of the rig time represents what is called the flat time. Any optimization of flat time can significantly reduce the well construction cost. Flat time is a group of operation types that involve no drilling operations, such as BHA making, drill pipe tripping, hole conditioning, casing running, cementing, etc. For instance, the performance of two specific types of these operations is only determined by rig crew and rig capabilities, and is not influenced by hole condition or formation related factors. These operations are the drill pipe tripping in cased hole (DPTCH) and the drill pipe connection operations (CONN). In typical well construction operations, the DPTCH and CONN operations represent 30% and 20% of the flat time, respectively. In this paper, we discuss the potential benefits of developing and deploying an automated solution to monitor and alert the performance of these two operations in real time. The paper will explain how the solution can employ advanced machine learning (ML) algorithms to process rig operation sensor data and realize rig states. Then, we discuss the impact on the operation when applying this solution to optimize the DPTCH and CONN operations. A developed solution of real-time monitoring and alerting can contribute to a significant time and cost savings. It also can improve early warning signs and detection of operation troubles. Also, it can be the foundation of many real-time operation optimization solutions.
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Kanzaki, G. Arthur, Stephen L. Grant e Jarrod R. MacKenzie. "When HDD Construction Shifts Happen: Insertion of a Casing Sleeve Mitigated a Major Threat to Completion of the Project". In 2014 10th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2014-33096.
Abstract (sommario):
This paper will discuss how the project team planned, designed and constructed a unique and innovative casing sleeve as one of the key solutions to overcome a major threat to the completion of a horizontal directional drilling (“HDD”) project (“Fraser River South Arm Crossing Upgrade Project” or “Fraser River Crossing”). In 2009 FortisBC Energy Inc. (“FortisBC”) started construction to upgrade its NPS 20 and NPS 24 pipeline crossings of the Fraser River, the largest river in the province of BC, Canada via HDD. Due to the poor surface geology at this location on the Fraser River, temporary surface casings were required on both sides of the crossing to get drilling activities into a formation suitable for conducting an HDD crossing. As a result, the Fraser River Crossing required an HDD rig to drill concurrently from either side of the crossing in order to create a continuous borehole (also known as an intersect crossing). During the pullback of the NPS 24 - 1.35 km crossing section, a major mechanical failure occurred when over 95% of the length had been pulled through. After multiple attempts to resume pullback by the HDD rigs and other onsite equipment were unsuccessful, the project team was left with the major challenge(s) of determining how else the crossing could be completed and the pipeline tied in on both sides of the river without incurring major business interruption in a busy industrial section of Richmond, BC. Moreover, FortisBC was faced with the possibility of having to abandon the project and the millions spent up to that point in time with no value. This paper will focus on how the project team overcame the challenge and mitigated long term operational issues that included maintaining adequate cathodic protection. Learn how the combined efforts of a multi-disciplined project team planned, designed, fabricated and ultimately successfully inserted an innovative casing sleeve, although unproven at the time and with its share of additional risks, after reviewing an extensive assessment of numerous alternatives as the optimum solution in order for FortisBC to finally complete the upgrade of its pipeline system.
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Ruzhnikov, Alexey, Fahad AlHosni, Edgar Garnica Echevarria e Rodrigo Varela. "Casing While Drilling Application: Changing Mitigation to a Performance". In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21487-ms.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Well construction process through the unstable formations prone to total losses, pack-off and water influx is challenging. The manuscript describes the casing while drilling (CwD) combined with stage-cementing tool as introduced solution, when the challenge was to ensure that torque limit is not reached while drilling and estimate the effect of CwD on curing total losses and bring the casing while drilling performance to the level of conventional drilling. Introduction of CwD required extensive study of the potential torque while drilling as existing stage-cementing tools have low torque rating. Additionally, the casing fatigue may be a factor affecting the operations what lead to an introduction of magnetic particle casing inspection. The CwD bit design was adopted to the geological conditions based on best performance of the PDC bit, and originally selected drilling parameters were further optimized based on the result of the first runs. As the drilling of the well required utilization of mud cap for well control purposes, the mud recipes were adjusted to optimize the drilling performance and minimize the cost implication. The proposed solutions allowed to eliminate the problem with wellbore instability and related stuck pipe events. Further the proper engineering of the drilling process allowed significantly increase the rate of penetration since the beginning of the implementation, when the drilling torque never reached the limit even at 7,000 ft depth. The manuscript describes in detail the approach to make a proper design of CwD process focusing on prevention of existing problems and aiming to convert mitigation tool to a performance tool. Additionally, in details described the studied effect of CwD on curing total losses in highly fractured environment.
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Al Marhoon, Z. A., A. O. Alsharaawi, P. Carragher e J. Dearmon. "A Sustainable Solution for Preventing Sustained Casing Pressure: A Gas-Tight Metal to Metal Seal". In SPE Caspian Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/217656-ms.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract The engineering of an extremely unique metal alloy can avail solutions for downhole sustained casing pressure which is a common well integrity concern. SCP pressure takes place when pressure communication from the reservoir reaches to surface. This happens due to cement channeling or casing-cement micro-annulus. The performance of the proposed system, the Thermally Deformable Annulus Packer (TDAP), has been lab-tested under downhole conditions. In particular, a full-scale version of the packer has been set in a full-scale replica of the targeted Casing Casing Annulus (the 9-5/8" × 13-3/8" CCA), in the three potential fluid medias for setting; 1) in clear brine, 2) in typical fluid formula, and 3) in a typical cement slurry. The sealing capacity of each packer has been pressure tested with both a hydro-test and a gas test with the maximum pressure allowed by the casing strength. Examples of Eutectic alloys are those that contain Bismuth. A Bismuth-based alloy can be molten downhole to a liquid with the viscosity of water and ten times its density. Upon solidification, like the behavior of ice, these alloys expand. In the proposed methodology, this expansion is utilized to provide a metal-to-metal seal in fluid leaking-channels. During the well construction phase, the packer is run in hole as a sleeve on the 9 5/8’’ casing. It is optimally operated in areas with higher likelihood of observing SCP pressure. The created seal would eliminate the risk fluid migration. This prevents the fluid from reaching surface when a leakage occurs. The pressure rating of the Bismuth-alloy packer, as well as its ability to seal gas, was shown to strongly depend on the medium in which the packer was set. The best performance was observed when the packer was set in clean brine. Under such condition, the packer was able to hold the maximum pressure allowed by the casing strength with both the hydro and the gas pressure tests. The bismuth alloy packer was able to withstand pressure that exceeds the casing rated pressure. The sealing of the pressure leakage from formation was achieved successfully and the methodology was availed as a SCP preventative practice. Finding other zonal isolation methods is key to availing more strategies for mitigating SCP issues. This technology is aimed for casing designs that have 9 5/8’’ casing as a production casing and this TDAP method, working on a pro-active prevention of SCP, is new in the industry.
Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Casein/whey solutions":
1
Buchholz. L52308 Temperature Logging as a Cavern Mechanical Integrity Test. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), ottobre 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010397.
Abstract (sommario):
This work documents case histories, develops an analytical solutions to predict a temperature decreases that occurs when gas leaks out of a well, and performs a computational fluid dynamics analyses of a generic gas well.
2
Delwiche, Michael, Boaz Zion, Robert BonDurant, Judith Rishpon, Ephraim Maltz e Miriam Rosenberg. Biosensors for On-Line Measurement of Reproductive Hormones and Milk Proteins to Improve Dairy Herd Management. United States Department of Agriculture, febbraio 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7573998.bard.
Abstract (sommario):
The original objectives of this research project were to: (1) develop immunoassays, photometric sensors, and electrochemical sensors for real-time measurement of progesterone and estradiol in milk, (2) develop biosensors for measurement of caseins in milk, and (3) integrate and adapt these sensor technologies to create an automated electronic sensing system for operation in dairy parlors during milking. The overall direction of research was not changed, although the work was expanded to include other milk components such as urea and lactose. A second generation biosensor for on-line measurement of bovine progesterone was designed and tested. Anti-progesterone antibody was coated on small disks of nitrocellulose membrane, which were inserted in the reaction chamber prior to testing, and a real-time assay was developed. The biosensor was designed using micropumps and valves under computer control, and assayed fluid volumes on the order of 1 ml. An automated sampler was designed to draw a test volume of milk from the long milk tube using a 4-way pinch valve. The system could execute a measurement cycle in about 10 min. Progesterone could be measured at concentrations low enough to distinguish luteal-phase from follicular-phase cows. The potential of the sensor to detect actual ovulatory events was compared with standard methods of estrus detection, including human observation and an activity monitor. The biosensor correctly identified all ovulatory events during its testperiod, but the variability at low progesterone concentrations triggered some false positives. Direct on-line measurement and intelligent interpretation of reproductive hormone profiles offers the potential for substantial improvement in reproductive management. A simple potentiometric method for measurement of milk protein was developed and tested. The method was based on the fact that proteins bind iodine. When proteins are added to a solution of the redox couple iodine/iodide (I-I2), the concentration of free iodine is changed and, as a consequence, the potential between two electrodes immersed in the solution is changed. The method worked well with analytical casein solutions and accurately measured concentrations of analytical caseins added to fresh milk. When tested with actual milk samples, the correlation between the sensor readings and the reference lab results (of both total proteins and casein content) was inferior to that of analytical casein. A number of different technologies were explored for the analysis of milk urea, and a manometric technique was selected for the final design. In the new sensor, urea in the sample was hydrolyzed to ammonium and carbonate by the enzyme urease, and subsequent shaking of the sample with citric acid in a sealed cell allowed urea to be estimated as a change in partial pressure of carbon dioxide. The pressure change in the cell was measured with a miniature piezoresistive pressure sensor, and effects of background dissolved gases and vapor pressures were corrected for by repeating the measurement of pressure developed in the sample without the addition of urease. Results were accurate in the physiological range of milk, the assay was faster than the typical milking period, and no toxic reagents were required. A sampling device was designed and built to passively draw milk from the long milk tube in the parlor. An electrochemical sensor for lactose was developed starting with a three-cascaded-enzyme sensor, evolving into two enzymes and CO2[Fe (CN)6] as a mediator, and then into a microflow injection system using poly-osmium modified screen-printed electrodes. The sensor was designed to serve multiple milking positions, using a manifold valve, a sampling valve, and two pumps. Disposable screen-printed electrodes with enzymatic membranes were used. The sensor was optimized for electrode coating components, flow rate, pH, and sample size, and the results correlated well (r2= 0.967) with known lactose concentrations.
3
Bonomo, Marco, Claudio R. Frischtak e Paulo Ribeiro. Public Investment and Fiscal Crisis in Brazil: Finding Culprits and Solutions. Inter-American Development Bank, aprile 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003199.
Abstract (sommario):
We investigate the relation between existing fiscal rules and investments in the context of a fiscal crisis in Brazil. We analyze existing fiscal rules at national and subnational levels, their enforcement, and proposed alternatives. Using narrative analysis, case studies, interviews, empirical estimation, and model simulations, we conclude that public investment is not closely related to fiscal rules in Brazil but is mainly determined by fiscal conditions both at national and subnational (state) levels. It is the steady increase of personnel expenditures in real terms that underlies the fiscal deterioration of the last decade, despite the existence of fiscal rules devised to prevent it. We argue that a constitutional rule limiting subnationals personnel expenditures to 50 percent of net revenues, triggering adjustment measures when reaching 47.5 percent, would be an effective instrument for subnational fiscal management, opening fiscal space for increasing investments. At the national level, despite the existence of several fiscal rules, the only effective fiscal anchor is the primary expenditure ceiling introduced in 2016, which has successfully curbed expenditures, including those of the judiciary and legislature.
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Rao, Nitya, Sheetal Patil, Maitreyi Koduganti, Chandni Singh, Ashwin Mahalingam, Prathijna Poonacha e Nishant Singh. Sowing Sustainable Cities: Lessons for Urban Agriculture Practices in India. Indian Institute for Human Settlements, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24943/ssc12.2022.
Abstract (sommario):
Despite growing interest and recognition of urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA) as a nature- based solution, there is limited empirical evidence in countries like India on its role in reconfiguring goals on environmental functions (such as biodiversity, waste management, water recycling, micro-climate regulation, etc.) and social wellbeing (such as food and nutrition security, gender relations, work burdens, land tenure and community ties). A need to address this gap led to the ideation of the project ‘Urban and peri-urban agriculture as green infrastructures’ ( UPAGrI ). When UPAGrI started in 2019, the research on UPA in India was thin but growing. However, the practical experience of urban farming across Indian cities is thriving and diverse, built on decades of bottom-up experimentation. Within the landscape of our ever-changing cities, we found vibrant communities-of-practice sharing seeds and knowledge, engaged online influencers discussing composting and water reuse, and stories of farming becoming sites of multi-generational bonding and nutritional security. This compendium is a collection of 29 such innovative UPA practices from across the different cities in the country. These diverse case studies are loosely categorized into four themes: environment and sustainability; food, nutrition and livelihood; gender and subjective well-being; and urban policy and planning. Written mostly by practitioners themselves, the case studies collectively recognise and celebrate UPA innovations and practices, serving as a repository of lessons for peer-to-peer learning, and demonstrating how UPA can be one of the many solutions towards sustainable, liveable Indian cities.
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Rao, Nitya. Sowing Sustainable Cities: Lessons for Urban Agriculture Practices in India. Indian Institute for Human Settlements, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24943/ssc12.2023.
Abstract (sommario):
Despite growing interest and recognition of urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA) as a nature- based solution, there is limited empirical evidence in countries like India on its role in reconfiguring goals on environmental functions (such as biodiversity, waste management, water recycling, micro-climate regulation, etc.) and social wellbeing (such as food and nutrition security, gender relations, work burdens, land tenure and community ties). A need to address this gap led to the ideation of the project ‘Urban and peri-urban agriculture as green infrastructures’ ( UPAGrI ). When UPAGrI started in 2019, the research on UPA in India was thin but growing. However, the practical experience of urban farming across Indian cities is thriving and diverse, built on decades of bottom-up experimentation. Within the landscape of our ever-changing cities, we found vibrant communities-of-practice sharing seeds and knowledge, engaged online influencers discussing composting and water reuse, and stories of farming becoming sites of multi-generational bonding and nutritional security. This compendium is a collection of 29 such innovative UPA practices from across the different cities in the country. These diverse case studies are loosely categorized into four themes: environment and sustainability; food, nutrition and livelihood; gender and subjective well-being; and urban policy and planning. Written mostly by practitioners themselves, the case studies collectively recognise and celebrate UPA innovations and practices, serving as a repository of lessons for peer-to-peer learning, and demonstrating how UPA can be one of the many solutions towards sustainable, liveable Indian cities.
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Southwell, Brian, e Vanessa Boudewyns, a cura di. Curbing the Spread of Misinformation: Insights, Innovations, and Interpretations from the Misinformation Solutions Forum. RTI Press, dicembre 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2018.cp.0008.1812.
Abstract (sommario):
Although many people now have access to more accumulated information than has ever been the case in human existence, we also now face a moment when the proliferation of misinformation, or false or inaccurate information, poses major challenges. In response to these challenges and to build collaboration across disciplines and expertise and a more effective community of learning and practice, the Rita Allen Foundation partnered with RTI International and the Aspen Institute along with Craig Newmark Philanthropies, Democracy Fund, and Burroughs Wellcome Fund to hold the Misinformation Solutions Forum in October 2018 at the Aspen Institute in Washington, DC. This forum brought together academic researchers, technology professionals, data scientists, journalists, educators, community leaders, funders and a set of graduate student fellows to explore promising ideas for curbing the spread of misinformation. We issued an open call for ideas to be featured in the forum that sought interventions focused on reducing behaviors that lead to the spread of misinformation or encouraging behaviors that can lead to the minimization of its influence. Interventions with technological, educational, and/or community-based components were encouraged, as were projects involving science communication, public health and diverse populations. A panel of expert judges assessed submissions through a blind review process; judges included representatives from the Rita Allen Foundation, as well as external institutions such as the Democracy Fund, the National Institutes of Health, the Poynter Institute, First Draft, and academic institutions. Authors developed the essays presented here based on both original submissions and the iterative collaboration process that ensued.
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Menon, Shantanu, Aruna Pandey e Kushagra Merchant. Arghyam: A praxis on regenerating a groundwater civilisation. Indian School Of Development Management, maggio 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.58178/2305.1022.
Abstract (sommario):
Arghyam, which started as a funding organization, has evolved into being an influential voice in the water ecosystem. In the present (2022), it works with a network of organizations on water security solutions across the country. Through exploring Arghyam’s shifts in its strategic approach, the case study engages with the challenges of dealing with the complexity of the water sector in India and what it takes for philanthropy to sustain commitment to a singular cause. Arghyam’s most recent pivot commenced in 2018, when it decided to focus on supporting strategic levers of scale that could significantly benefit from digital technology use. This pivot was based on its past experience but nonetheless required realignment within the organization with new modes of engagement, enhanced operational capabilities and talent requirements. While Arghyam recognises the need for strengthening scalable solutions, organizationally it continues to remain compact and lean. This case study shows that the most complex of problems do not necessarily demand the biggest of organizational resources: it requires thoughtful and timely deployment of limited resources. This demands a level of intentionality and strategic agility that can test the mettle of any organization, least of all a philanthropic one.
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Deb, Shourjya, e Virginie Baudais. The Challenges of Data Collection in Conflict-affected Areas: A Case Study in the Liptako-Gourma Region. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, ottobre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/vwim3307.
Abstract (sommario):
Conducting research in the Sahel has become more challenging over the past 10 years, and the continuing deterioration of the security situation has restricted access to many areas. This SIPRI Insights paper provides an overview of the main challenges for researchers when conducting data collection in conflict-affected areas. The paper employs a case study of a humanitarian protection project that SIPRI has been working on in the Liptako-Gourma region. The project was designed in collaboration with the Danish Refugee Council (DRC) and three local research partners: the Centre for Democratic Governance (CGD) in Burkina Faso, Point Sud in Mali and the Laboratoire d’Études et de Recherche sur les Dynamiques Sociales et le Développement Local (LASDEL) in Niger. Using the case study, the paper identifies and outlines how the project addressed specific challenges. The paper also highlights key considerations for researchers to take into account when carrying out data collection and fieldwork in conflict zones. Evidence-based research can influence humanitarian and development initiatives and support shifts in policy and programming. The bottom-up research approach gives a voice to communities and alternative perspectives and advances evidence-based solutions that are locally driven, meaningful and sustainable for target populations.
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Malej, Matt, e Fengyan Shi. Suppressing the pressure-source instability in modeling deep-draft vessels with low under-keel clearance in FUNWAVE-TVD. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), maggio 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40639.
Abstract (sommario):
This Coastal and Hydraulics Engineering Technical Note (CHETN) documents the development through verification and validation of three instability-suppressing mechanisms in FUNWAVE-TVD, a Boussinesq-type numerical wave model, when modeling deep-draft vessels with a low under-keel clearance (UKC). Many large commercial ports and channels (e.g., Houston Ship Channel, Galveston, US Army Corps of Engineers [USACE]) are traveled and affected by tens of thousands of commercial vessel passages per year. In a series of recent projects undertaken for the Galveston District (USACE), it was discovered that when deep-draft vessels are modeled using pressure-source mechanisms, they can suffer from model instabilities when low UKC is employed (e.g., vessel draft of 12 m¹ in a channel of 15 m or less of depth), rendering a simulation unstable and obsolete. As an increasingly large number of deep-draft vessels are put into service, this problem is becoming more severe. This presents an operational challenge when modeling large container-type vessels in busy shipping channels, as these often will come as close as 1 m to the bottom of the channel, or even touch the bottom. This behavior would subsequently exhibit a numerical discontinuity in a given model and could severely limit the sample size of modeled vessels. This CHETN outlines a robust approach to suppressing such instability without compromising the integrity of the far-field vessel wave/wake solution. The three methods developed in this study aim to suppress high-frequency spikes generated nearfield of a vessel. They are a shock-capturing method, a friction method, and a viscosity method, respectively. The tests show that the combined shock-capturing and friction method is the most effective method to suppress the local high-frequency noises, while not affecting the far-field solution. A strong test, in which the target draft is larger than the channel depth, shows that there are no high-frequency noises generated in the case of ship squat as long as the shock-capturing method is used.
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Costantini, Anastasia, e Alessia Sebillo. Gender Equality and Women Empowerment in Social Economy Enterprises. Liège: CIRIEC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25518/ciriec.wp202202.
Abstract (sommario):
Women remain underrepresented in the labour market. In the EU, they earn 14,1% less than men, and they still experience barriers to access and remain at the labour market (Eurostat, 2021a). Currently, the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the gender dimension of social and economic inequalities, producing a severe gender impact and the risk of economic marginalisation of women. Why do we expect the social and solidarity economy to improve gender equality at work? Therefore, the paper will discuss the potential and limits of the SEEs in promoting gender equality and women's empowerment. The analysis has referenced existing literature and available information on the sector, including interviews with experts and illustrative cases within Diesis Network, one of the broadest European networks supporting the social economy and social enterprise development. The aim is to show impactful solutions of SEEs and bring social and solidarity economy closer to the gender perspective to increase their impact in supporting inclusive and sustainable growth.