Tesi sul tema "Cartographie automatisée"
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Noël, François. "Cartographie semi-automatisée des chutes de pierres le long d'infrastructures linéaires". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27124.
Testo completoThe detailed characterization of large area is a challenging task because time and resources are frequently limited. This Master’s thesis is part of the ParaChute research project. The aim of this project is to develop a rockfall susceptibility rating system along linear infrastructures. A partially automated method has been developed to facilitate field works planning while optimizing time and resources. It is mainly based on 3D rockfall simulations carried out systematically and efficiently on every rock slopes located nearby the infrastructure to help identify potential hazardous natural cliffs. Automation tools were developed to allow the realization of simulations over large area. The proposed method also uses the software Rockyfor3D and only requires surface elevation model obtained from airborne LiDAR survey as input data. However, other data, such as orthophotos, were used for calibration. The method was applied along the ArcelorMittal Infrastructures Canada railway. The covered zone starts near Port-Cartier (Québec) and extends 260 km north along the ArcelorMittal Infrastructures Canada railway up to the Groulx Mountains. In this Master’s thesis, a partially automated method that helps to choose on which areas to focus field work by telling if there is a possibility for a block to reach the linear infrastructure is detailed.
Frédéricque, Benoit. "Saisie photogrammétrique multi-représentation de bâtiments : une approche Semi-Automatisée Initialisée et Supportée par l'Intervention humainE". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19747.
Testo completo3D MRDB (Multi Representation Data Base) population is more and more required to support advanced cartographical applications and advanced geospatial decisional analysis. This dissertation presents a new photogrammetric approach dedicated to multiple representation acquisition process to populate the buildings of a 3D MRDB. The proposed approach is named SAISIE (this French acronym matches with a semi-automatic acquisition process, initialized and supported by human intervention). The SAISIE approach tackles simultaneously the Detailed Geometries (DG) extraction and the Simplified Geometries (GS) extraction. This uses both the Multi-Representation Acquisition Pattern concept and the Instance Driven SASS concept (SASS : Selection of the Algorithms, Sources and Setting) to improve the process performance. These two new concepts have been introduced during this research. The MRAP concept stems from bridging together the geometric pattern concept (used to support generalisation process) and the parametric model (used to support the photogrammetric building extraction). Two new algorithms have also been introduced. The first one deals with the automatic implantation of 3D geometric pattern and the second one with the automatic extraction of building footprints. The SAISIE approach, the new concepts and the two new algorithms, have been implemented and tested with four test sites. These test sites cover more than three hundred buildings. Results analysis and several recommendations, based on our experimentation and experience, are proposed to conclude this dissertation.
Barbier, Valessa. "Développement, étude et applications de nouvelles matrices "intelligentes" pour l'analyse automatisée d'ADN par électrophorèse : séquençage, cartographie et diagnostic". Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066388.
Testo completoVilley-Migraine, Marjolaine. "Multimédia et carto-géographie : Ergonomie des interfaces de navigation hypermédia dans les systèmes documentaires". Paris 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA020016.
Testo completoDaynac, Jimmy. "Contribution de l'Intelligence Artificielle à la cartographie pour l'analyse des dunes à l'échelle d'un désert : cas d'étude du Rub'Al Khali". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Le Mans, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LEMA1027.
Testo completoAeolian dunes at different scales (m-km) are the primary topographic forms in aeolian systems and are found on various planetary bodies such as Earth, Mars, or Venus. They result from the interaction between wind, transported sediments, and the substrate. The shape, size, spatial arrangement, and movement of dunes allow for the analysis of interactions between airflows and sediment supply, modulated by surface conditions. The production of detailed maps of individual dune characteristics, coupled with spatial morphometric statistical analysis, is thus necessary to understand better and characterize the origin of dune formation and evolution.However, accurately mapping dunes over large areas remains a challenging task today for two reasons. Firstly, considering the availability of remote sensing datasets with ever-increasing spatial (and temporal) resolution, such mapping requires automated processes since manual digitization i) is time-consuming and ii) can be subjective and of uneven quality. These limitations are mainly because human operators cannot maintain consistent mapping criteria across large study areas, especially when dealing with complex morphologies. Secondly, this mapping is challenging, particularly due to the complexity of some forms and the lack of a universally accepted dune classification, despite recent research efforts.The primary objective of this work is to propose a new method for mapping aeolian dunes, focusing on an approach that couples Deep Learning to delineate the dune outlines, "skeletonization," and network analysis to map their crestlines and connectivities (defects). The originality of this study lies in the ability to map these features at various scales, ranging from a few kilometers to entire deserts. The developed algorithms demonstrate excellent performance in analyzing large and complex geographic areas with an accuracy of around 90%. This method has enabled the creation, for the first time, of a database containing several thousand dunes from the Rub'Al Khali desert (the largest active desert in the world), with high fidelity compared to visual observations of the dunes present in the Digital Elevation Model (DEM).From this database, we studied the morphological variability of the dunes by comparing them with wind data (ERA5 Land Reanalysis) on a desert scale, in order to quantify and understand their morphological changes and spatial distributions in relation to wind dynamics. This spatialized morphometric analysis is based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and highlights the dominant parameters as follows: dune length (PC1) explains more than 50% of the variance and describes the linear dunes in the SW of the desert; height (PC2) represents 18% of the variance and describes the crescent-shaped dunes in the NW; and defect density (PC3) explains 14% of the variance, representing star and dome dunes in the SE. P-value tests were also conducted on these parameters and revealed values below 0.05, thus confirming a significant spatial organization of dunes at the desert scale.Each archetypal dune form is dominated by one of the three parameters identified by the PCA, and transitions between these forms represent evolutionary stages. By comparing these results with wind data, we obtain an evolutionary model in which dunes shape, size, and orientation are strongly influenced by the directional characteristics of sand flow associated with the Shamal and Kharif winds. The analysis of wind data to the different statistically defined dune populations also revealed two dune growth modes: an elongation mode in the west, where the crests of linear dunes align with the sediment flow, favoring their stretching, and an instability mode in the east, where isolated and crescentic dunes, perpendicular to the flow, optimize their vertical growth
Ogier, Jean-Marc. "Contribution à l'analyse automatique de documents cartographiques. Interprétation de données cadastrales". Rouen, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ROUES008.
Testo completoDupont, François. "Contribution à l'analyse automatique de documents géographiques scannés : extraction de l'altimétrie". Paris 9, 1999. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1999PA090047.
Testo completoChesneau, Élisabeth. "Modèle d'amélioration automatique des contrastes de couleur en cartographie : application aux cartes de risques". Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MARN0294.
Testo completoLefrère, Laurent. "Contribution au développement d'outils pour l'analyse automatique de documents cartographiques". Rouen, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ROUES045.
Testo completoAït, Ettajer Taoufik. "Modélisation de surfaces géologiques complexes sous contraintes géométriques : application à la génération automatique de modèles géologiques". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL058N.
Testo completoDufourd, Delphine Chatila Raja Luzeaux Dominique. "Des cartes combinatoires pour la construction automatique de modèles d'environnement par un robot mobile". Toulouse : INP Toulouse, 2005. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000225.
Testo completoKarouach, Saïd. "Visualisations interactives pour la découverte de connaissances, concepts, méthodes et outils". Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30082.
Testo completoDufourd, Delphine. "Des cartes combinatoires pour la construction automatique de modèles d'environnement par un robot mobile". Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2005. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7413/1/dufourd.pdf.
Testo completoDufourd, Delphine. "Des cartes combinatoires pour la construction automatique de modèles d'environnement par un robot mobile". Toulouse, INPT, 2005. https://hal.science/tel-04583095.
Testo completoThis thesis focuses on the well-known Simultaneous Localization and Map-Building (SLAM) problem for indoor mobile robots. The novelty of this work lies in the definition of a well-structured map model based on an algebraic tool called "combinatorial map" which combines different kinds of geometric representations (space-based, grid-based as well as feature-based formats) and provides topological information such as adjacency links between map elements. We describe the whole algorithm designed to build maps on line according to this model, using a robot equiped with a laser scanner. Classical techniques relying on Kalman filtering are adapted in order to deal with adjacency relationships (via polyline matching, the use of virtual break-points and specific geometric and topological update operations). Experimental results are presented to illustrate and validate the various mecanisms involved in this process
Lamouret, Marie. "Traitement automatisés des données acoustiques issues de sondeurs multifaisceaux pour la cartographie des fonds marins". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022TOUL0002.
Testo completoAmong underwater acoustic technologies, multibeam echo sounder (MBES) is one of the most advanced tool to study and map the underwater floors and the above water column. Its deployment on-site requires expertise so as the whole data processing to map the information. These processing are very time-consuming due to the massive quantity of recorded data and thus needs to be automatised to shorten and alleviate the hydrographer's task. This PhD research works focus on the automatisation of the current activities in Seaviews society.After some reminders on the underwater acoustic sciences, the MBES operating is described as well the produced data that will be manipulated throughout the developments. This document presents two thematics˸ bathymetric (depths) and marine habitats mapping. The developments are integrated into the Seaviews' software in the aim to be used by all the employees.About seafloor depths mapping, the bathymetric sounding has to be sorted to avoid that the outlier errors distort the results. Sorting the uncountable measures is cumbersome but necessary, although the hydrographers are today happily computed-assisted. We propose a fast statistical method to exclude the outliers while mapping the information. This leads to wonder if the water column imagery would be workable to deduce the bathymetry without failure. We will test this hypothesis with some technics of deep learning, especially with convolutional neural networks.The marine habitats mapping is a seabed nature classification according to the local life. Seaviews has worked on a way to prepare MBES data and habitats analysis. Concerning the method of classification itself, we move towards machine learning technics. Several methods are implemented and assessed, and then an area is chosen to evaluate and compare the results
Delassus, Rémi. "Apprentissage automatique pour la détection d'anomalies dans les données ouvertes : application à la cartographie". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0230/document.
Testo completoIn this thesis we study the problem of anomaly detection in the open data used by the Qucit company, both the business data of its customers, as well as those allowing to contextualize them.We are looking for data that reflects an anomaly in reality. Initially, we were interested in detecting defective bicycles in the trip data of New York’s bike share system. Characteristics describing the behaviour of each observed bicycle are clustered. Abnormal behaviors are extracted from this clustering and compared to monthly reports indicating the number of bikes repaired; this is an aggregate learning problem. The results of this first work were unsatisfactory due to the paucity of data. This first part of the work then gave way to a problem focused on the detection of buildings within satellite images. We are looking for anomalies in the geographical data that do not reflect reality. We propose a method of merging segmentation models that improves the error metric by up to +7% over the standard method. We assess the robustness of our model to the removal of buildings from labels to determine the extent to which omissions are likely to alter the results. This type of noise is commonly encountered within the OpenStreetMap data, regularly used by Qucit, and the robustness observed indicates that it could be corrected
Vincent, Marie-Chantal. "Outil d'aide à l'interprétation automatique d'images de télédétection TM de Landsat pour la cartographie forestière". Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 1998.
Cerca il testo completoQuinson, Martin Caron Eddy Desprez Frédéric. "Découverte automatique des caractéristiques et capacités d'une plate-forme de calcul distribué". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006169.
Testo completoMariani, Robert. "Contribution à la lecture automatique de cartes". Rouen, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ROUES090.
Testo completoBenoit, Tristan. "Cartographie des programmes et de leurs interrelations". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0320.
Testo completoIn the field of software engineering, ensuring the quality and security of software is complex. This context is due to a set of factors, notably the increasing use of libraries and the use of practices such as copying codes from online services. The usual solution to this problem is the application of formal methods for program validation before their release. However, this approach requires a precise specification and a high degree of expertise. This thesis introduces new reverse engineering methods to automatically collect information about a program toolchain provenance and identify program clones within large data repositories. Our first contribution is the innovative neural network model Site Neural Network (SNN), which predicts the compilation toolchain used to produce an entire program. SNN offers excellent speed as well as good accuracy. Its modularity due to the use of hierarchies of classifiers allows for easy consideration of additional toolchains. Our second contribution is the Program Spectral Similarity (PSS), a tool that provides a quick and efficient way to detect program clones, even when their target hardware architecture differs or in the case of obfuscation. Unlike binary function-based methods or graph edit distance methods, which are time-consuming and low resilient, PSS relies on the spectral analysis of graphs to measure the similarity between programs. This thesis thus contributes to cyber security by providing tools to identify malware clones quickly. In addition, it supports computer forensics by providing relevant information on the compilation chain. This work paves the way for new neural networks for programs, as well as the development of spectral graph analysis methods for studying binary code similarity
Hallab, Mohamed. "Hypertextualisation automatique multilingue à partir des fréquences de N-grammes". Paris 8, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA082019.
Testo completoVincent, Marie-Chantal. "Outil d'aide à l'interprétation automatique d'images de télédétection TM de Landsat pour la cartographie forestière". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0013/MQ35714.pdf.
Testo completoBarçon, Étienne. "Vectorisation automatique de voiries urbaines à partir des données LiDAR d'un système de cartographie mobile". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAD011.
Testo completoThis thesis deals with the automation of urban mapping processes, from the street to the city scale. This comes at a time when topographic surveying procedures are being changed by the development of on-board LiDAR sensors. While this change in technology reduces the time needed to acquire data in the field, it also increases the volume and time needed to process the resulting point clouds into other deliverables, such as a topographic map. This thesis proposes and implements a methodology to automate the manual process of vectorizing point clouds from a mobile mapping device. The proposed approach allows to automatically vectorize around 70% of curbs, road markings and poles for a precision class of 5 cm
Memier, Michel. "Stéréophotogrammétrie numérique : calcul de M.N.T. par corrélation automatique d'images SPOT". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE10083.
Testo completoDavtian, Gourguèn. "Analyse des données et cartographie automatique : application aux principales variables climatiques du versant méditerranéen du Maghreb". Nice, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NICE2004.
Testo completoThis work, part of the LAGUNIS project of the AVICENNE program, concerns essentially the spatialization of the climatic parameters allowing to evaluate the flows that pollute the Mediterranean sea, and to determinate the potentialities of purification through lagooning. The study of the daily rainfalls gives a global modelisation in form of stochastic generator of rainfalls. It allows the estimation of the flows and respects the periods of dry and rainy sequences to evaluate the potential pollution load. We were able to regionalize the parameters of this generator (daily rainfall) from the yearly mean rainfall. To modelize the rainfalls at monthly and yearly range, we made a multiple regression with some parameters of the relief and the positions of the stations. As the residues of the model were known only in the stations, we carried out a geostatistical study to interpolate them by kriging over the entire field. When all the data needed by the model were spatialized, we drew maps of the monthly mean rainfalls and a map of the yearly mean rainfalls and we gave the principles of their frequencial evolutions. The efficiency of the lagooning and then the dimensioning of the lagoons depend on the pollution load but also on the temperatures and on the evapo-tranpirations. For the temperature, we used the same process than for the rainfalls. To evaluate the etp, we showed that we can obtain reliable estimations of penmann's etp from the only temperatures, on condition we also take into consideration the season and the geographical position. The teachings of this research are: valorisation and statistical analysis of climatic data, stochastic generation of daily rainfalls, "rainfall-relief" and "temperature-relief" modelling, simplified regional estimation of Penmann's ETP, building of a dem and elaboration of charts of rainfalls, temperatures and ETP at monthly and yearly ranges
Lemaire, Thomas. "Localisation et Cartographie Simultanées avec Vision Monoculaire". Phd thesis, Ecole nationale superieure de l'aeronautique et de l'espace, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00452478.
Testo completoRuskoné, Renaud. "Extraction automatique du réseau routier par interprétation locale du contexte : application à la production de données cartographiques". Marne-la-Vallée, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MARN0002.
Testo completoAlecrim, José Duarte. "Analyse multivariable et cartographie automatique en prospection géochimique stratégique : sédiments de ruisseau de Cristiano Otoni, Mg-Brésil". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPL043N.
Testo completoSiefert, Nathalie. "Etude methodologique de cartographie automatique des ecoulements fluviaux. Application aux bassins de la fecht et du giessen". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999STR1GE05.
Testo completoEl, Hamzaoui Oussama. "Localisation et cartographie simultanées pour un robot mobile équipé d'un laser à balayage : CoreSLAM". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00935600.
Testo completoLAMMALI, NASSIMA. "Recherche automatique du reseau hydrographique a l'aide du modele numerique de terrain". Toulouse 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU30006.
Testo completoBordes, Ghislaine. "Interprétation d'images aériennes guidée par une base de données cartographiques : application à l'extraction automatique des routes". Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MARN0012.
Testo completoMeline, Arnaud. "Fusion multimodale pour la cartographie sous-marine". Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01054546.
Testo completoGaspar, Héléna Alexandra. "Cartography of chemical space". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAF030/document.
Testo completoThis thesis is dedicated to the cartography of chemical space; our goal is to establish the foundations of a tool offering a complete overview of a chemical dataset, including visualization, activity prediction, and comparison of very large datasets. In this work, we introduce new QSAR models (quantitative structure-activity relationship) based on the GTM method (generative topographic mapping), introduced by C. Bishop et al. A part of this thesis is dedicated to the visualization and analysis of large chemical libraries using the incremental version of GTM. We also introduce a new method coined “Stargate GTM” or S-GTM, which allows us to travel from the space of chemical descriptors to activity space and vice versa; this approach was applied to activity profile prediction and inverse QSAR
Mimouni, Patrick. "Etude de déplacements animaux non orientés en trajectométrie automatique : contrôles endogènes et exogènes de la nage de rotifères et de stades libres de plathelminthes parasites". Paris 13, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA131037.
Testo completoMezghache, Hamid. "Cartographie automatique et interprétation géostatistique d'une campagne de prospection géochimique sur sol : application à la zone mercurielle nord-numidique (Algérie)". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10437.
Testo completoMatteo, Lionel. "De l’image optique "multi-stéréo" à la topographie très haute résolution et la cartographie automatique des failles par apprentissage profond". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COAZ4099.
Testo completoSeismogenic faults are the source of earthquakes. The study of their properties thus provides information on some of the properties of the large earthquakes they might produce. Faults are 3D features, forming complex networks generally including one master fault and myriads of secondary faults and fractures that intensely dissect the master fault embedding rocks. I aim in my thesis to develop approaches to help studying this intense secondary faulting/fracturing. To identify, map and measure the faults and fractures within dense fault networks, I have handled two challenges:1) Faults generally form steep topographic escarpments at the ground surface that enclose narrow, deep corridors or canyons, where topography, and hence fault traces, are difficult to measure using the available standard methods (such as stereo and tri-stereo of optical satellite images). To address this challenge, I have thus used multi-stéréo acquisitions with different configuration such as different roll and pitch angles, different date of acquisitions and different mode of acquisitions (mono and tri-stéréo). Our dataset amounting 37 Pléiades images in three different tectonic sites within Western USA (Valley of Fire, Nevada; Granite Dells, Arizona; Bishop Tuff, California) allow us to test different configuration of acquisitions to calculate the topography with three different approaches. Using the free open-source software Micmac (IGN ; Rupnik et al., 2017), I have calculated the topography in the form of Digital Surface Models (DSM): (i) with the combination of 2 to 17 Pleiades images, (ii) stacking and merging DSM built from individual stéréo or tri-stéréo acquisitions avoiding the use of multi-dates combinations, (iii) stacking and merging point clouds built from tri-stereo acquisitions following the multiview pipeline developped by Rupnik et al., 2018. We used the recent multiview stereo pipeling CARS (CNES/CMLA) developped by Michel et al., 2020 as a last approach (iv), combnining tri-stereo acquisitions. From the four different approaches, I have thus calculated more than 200 DSM and my results suggest that combining two tri-stéréo acquisitions or one stéréo and one tri-stéréo acquisitions with opposite roll angles leads to the most accurate DSM (with the most complete and precise topography surface).2) Commonly, faults are mapped manually in the field or from optical images and topographic data through the recognition of the specific curvilinear traces they form at the ground surface. However, manual mapping is time-consuming, which limits our capacity to produce complete representations and measurements of the fault networks. To overcome this problem, we have adopted a machine learning approach, namely a U-Net Convolutional Neural Network, to automate the identification and mapping of fractures and faults in optical images and topographic data. Intentionally, we trained the CNN with a moderate amount of manually created fracture and fault maps of low resolution and basic quality, extracted from one type of optical images (standard camera photographs of the ground surface). Based on the results of a number of performance tests, we select the best performing model, MRef, and demonstrate its capacity to predict fractures and faults accurately in image data of various types and resolutions (ground photographs, drone and satellite images and topographic data). The MRef predictions thus enable the statistical analysis of the fault networks. MRef exhibits good generalization capacities, making it a viable tool for fast and accurate extraction of fracture and fault networks from image and topographic data
Mahamat, Atteïb Ibrahim Doutoum. "Cartographie et détection de changement automatique par imagerie de télédétection pour le suivi environnemental en Afrique saharienne et sub-saharienne". Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF22510/document.
Testo completoRadar images of planetary surfaces provide a wealth of information on the imaged area. The availability of SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) images provides the ability to map unknown regions, difficult to access, or not conducive to the human life. However, the radar remote sensing images have several defaults, the speckle and one or more forms of geometrical distortion. The aim of this study is to develop methods that can identify and characterize changes in dune areas using satellite data acquired at different times and from different sources. So they give the possibility to map, categorize and monitor areas affected by natural events along time
Quinson, Martin. "Découverte automatique des caractéristiques et capacités d'une plate-forme de calcul distribué". Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006169.
Testo completoCe document est découpé en trois parties. La première présente les difficultés spécifiques à la grille en se basant sur une sélection de projets d'infrastructures pour la grille et en détaillant les solutions proposées dans ce cadre.
La seconde partie montre comment obtenir efficacement des informations quantitatives sur les capacités de la grille et leur adéquation aux besoins des routines à ordonnancer. Après avoir détaillé les problèmes rencontrés dans ce cadre, nous explicitons notre approche, nommée macro-benchmarking. Nous présentons ensuite l'outil FAST, développé dans le cadre de cette thèse et mettant cette méthodologie en oeuvre. Nous étudions également comment cet outil est utilisé dans différents projets.
La troisième partie traite de l'obtention d'une vision plus qualitative des caractéristiques de la grille, telle que la topologie d'interconnexion des machines la constituant. Après une étude des solutions classiques du domaine, nous présentons ALNeM, notre solution de cartographie automatique ne nécessitant pas de privilège d'exécution particulier. Cet outil est basé sur l'environnement GRAS, développé dans le cadre de ces travaux pour la mise au point des constituants de la grille.
Boichis, Nicolas. "Extraction automatique des carrefours routiers par interpretation d'images aeriennes guidee par une base de donnees cartographiques". Cergy-Pontoise, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CERG0089.
Testo completoVoitovich, Iuliia. "Les inhibiteurs d'interaction protéine-protéine, une stratégie innovante en cancérologie". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0701.
Testo completoBET-proteins, acting as epigenetic readers, play an essential role in cancer development. To date, numerous potent inhibitors disrupting BET functions have been discovered, including several of them that are undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of different types of cancer. The common drawback limiting their use in clinical practice is an inability to distinguish between BET-members that may cause side effects and resistances. The selective targeting of individual BET and the discrimination between BD1 and BD2 present an opportunity to achieve more selective transcriptional effect. A midthroughput screening of previously designed chemical library allowed identification of two molecules with unique profiles of selectivity that have never been observed. An undertaken structure-based program revealed a minimum scaffolds necessary for binding. Taking together with resolved X-Ray structures it allowed the development of more potent and selective BET inhibitors by DOTS (diversity oriented target focused synthesis) strategy, combining virtual screening and diversity oriented library design. This optimization led to a potent inhibitor with up to 100-fold improvement of affinity to the target and up to 300-fold selectivity toward BD1. Dose-response downregulation of c-Myc levels in low micromolar range in cell assays allowed the validation of the identified molecule as a chemical probe. Further comprehensive in vitro and in vivo evaluations of this compound will enable elucidating the biological role of each bromodomain and a validation of the interest toward the development of selective inhibitors in clinic
Larvy, delariviere Ulysse. "Orientation automatique de carte d'environement autour d'une scene locale". Thesis, Reims, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REIMS024.
Testo completoIn this thesis, we have presented a method to register an environment map with a local scene automatically.In the literature, many methods need to orient the environmental map to be coherent with a local scene. This orientation is mostly done manually by a user. We present a method to register an environment map with a local scene automatically. A characteristic of our approach is that we do not need to create a complete 3D model of the local scene or have interaction with the user. Moreover, we are making simple assumptions.We propose a pipeline to create a virtual representation of the scene using our input data. This representation includes the global scene represented by the environment map and the local scene represented by a reference object and its shadow.By using the knowledge of the position of the main light source on the environment map, we can simulate the lighting and project a computed shadow on the ground. It is possible to compare the computed shadow shape with the input one to recover the correct position of the main light source. The final orientation of the environment map is directly related to the position of this main light source.We provide an evaluation of the proposed approach by calculating two metrics that compare our angle estimate with actual ground truth directions. Our orientation estimation shows that our method recovers a correct environment map orientation.In this thesis, we are interested in real input data. The environment map and the local scene are extracted from photographs or videos, which already contain a lighting rendering. It is therefore important to orient the environment map in a way that is consistent with the existing lighting in the local scene.We propose an automatic method, to orient an environment map to a local scene. This method is inspired by the behavior of light, drawing rays of light towards an object and attempting to match two shadows, one given as input and one calculated.We also use 3D data from the object we are considering. The originality is that we base our method on the way light behaves in order to calculate and match shadows. By matching the shadows, we can estimate the correct position of the environment map
Salmeron, Eva. "Mise en coïncidence automatique des contours extraits d’images aériennes et d’éléments cartographiques". Compiègne, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986COMPD018.
Testo completoHecht, Robert. "Automatische Klassifizierung von Gebäudegrundrissen". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-151601.
Testo completoBuilding data are highly relevant for the small-scale description of settlement structures. Spatial base data from National Mapping and Cadastral Agencies describe the buildings in terms of the geometry but often lack semantic information on the building type. Here, methods for the automatic classification of building footprints are presented and discussed. The work addresses issues of data integration, data processing, feature extraction, feature selection, and investigates the accuracy of various classification methods. The results are of scientific, planning, policy and business interest at various spatial levels
Fanton, Hervé. "Cartographie rapide de l'environnement local d'un robot mobile autonome". Grenoble INPG, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989INPG0130.
Testo completoLienou, Marie Lauginie. "Apprentissage automatique des classes d'occupation du sol et représentation en mots visuels des images satellitaires". Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005585.
Testo completoZhou, Yilin. "Métrologie 100 % automatique par photogrammétrie aéroportée légère et GPS de précision permanent et embarqué : application au suivi de digues". Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC2033.
Testo completoThe development of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform makes it nowadays avaluable source of data for inspection, surveillance, mapping and 3D modeling issues. UAV photogrammetry opens various new applications in close-range aerial domain and introduces a low-cost alternative to classical manned vehicle photogrammetry. Corridor mapping, one of the fields with substantial importance for UAV photogrammetry, is largely demanded in the surveillance and management of infrastructure assets – highways, railways, waterways and pipelines. Due to the special geometry of the scene, corridor mapping is one case that needs taking precautions. Errors accumulate easily on the longer dimension of the scene and a bowl effect is often observed; the flatness of the scene introduces strong correlations between parameters to be determi-ned, these two factors together, make it more difficult to obtain high accuracy results in corridor configuration than in block one. This thesis is a research project initiated by a river concessionary, which has the responsibility of maintenance and surveillance of its hydraulic facility – the dikes. The objective is to apply UAV photogrammetry, which is faster, cheaper and offers a continuous geometric surveillance, for the monitoring of dikes. While maintaining a high surveying accuracy, a reduced field work, i.e. the number of ground control points (GCPs) is expected.In the first place, simulations are carried out to gain an insight of several problems of corridor mapping that interest us. Then, thorough investigations are conducted on three aspects that interest us the most. The first study focuses on the aerial acquisition geometry, discussions are given on the influence of oblique images, nadir images of different flight heights as well as the possibility of an in-flight camera calibration and its application on unfavourable acquisition geometry. The second study aims to improve the acquisition performance for high-end metric cameras. The image deformation introduced by camera temperature variation is investigated and modelled. A method for the correction of this thermal effect is proposed, its performance is evaluated on both terrestrial and aerial datasets of corridor configuration. The last study interests in the rolling shutter effect for consumer-grade cameras with rolling shutter, which is commonly seen in UAV platforms on the market. Two methods are presented to calibrate the camera readout time, a property that is often not given by camera manufacturers. A two-step method is proposed for the correction of rolling shutter effect, its performance is evaluated in both block and corridor configurations
Ambroise, Christophe. "Approche probabiliste en classification automatique et contraintes de voisinage". Compiègne, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996COMPD917.
Testo completoThis thesis proposes new clustering algorithms well suited for data analysis problems where natural constraints appear: preservation of a topology, spatial data. Gaussian mixture models and the estimation of parameters by the EM algorithm constitute the background of the work. The Kohonen Map algorithm introduces the idea of constraint in clustering. We show the relationship between this neural approach and Gaussian mixture models. This leads us to propose a variant of the EM algorithm which has similar behaviour as the Kohonen algorithm and whose convergence is proven. When dealing with spatial data, we consider the following constraint: two objects which are neighbours are more likely to belong to the same class than two objects which are spatially far away. Original algorithms based on the EM algorithm are proposed for taking into account this spatial constraint. These algorithms may be used for seeking a partition of objects which have a geographical location. This encompasses the problem of unsupervised image segmentation. A theoretical link between our approach and Markov random field models is established. The proposed methods are compared and illustrated by means of applications based on real data
El, @Khabchi Mohamed. "Traitement d'images satellitaires (Landsat-MSS) pour une cartographie automatique de l'occupation agricole de la région de Marrakech (Maroc) poursuivis d'une réflexion méthodologique". Aix-Marseille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX10045.
Testo completoGimenez, Rollin. "Exploitation de données optiques multimodales pour la cartographie des espèces végétales suivant leur sensibilité aux impacts anthropiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse, ISAE, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ESAE0030.
Testo completoAnthropogenic impacts on vegetated soils are difficult to characterize using optical remote sensing devices. However, these impacts can lead to serious environmental consequences. Their indirect detection is made possible by the induced alterations to biocenosis and plant physiology, which result in optical property changes at plant and canopy levels. The objective of this thesis is to map plant species based on their sensitivity to anthropogenic impacts using multimodal optical remote sensing data. Various anthropogenic impacts associated with past industrial activities are considered (presence of hydrocarbons in the soil, polymetallic chemical contamination, soil reworking and compaction, etc.) in a complex plant context (heterogeneous distribution of multiple species from different strata). Spectral, temporal and/or morphological information is used to identify genera and species and characterise their health status to define and map their sensitivity to the various anthropogenic impacts. Hyperspectral airborne images, Sentinel-2 time series and digital elevation models are then used independently or combined. The proposed scientific approach consists of three stages. The first one involves mapping anthropogenic impacts at site level by combining optical remote sensing data with data supplied by the site operator (soil analyses, activity maps, etc.). The second stage seeks to develop a vegetation mapping method using optical remote sensing data suitable to complex contexts like industrial sites. Finally, the variations in biodiversity and functional response traits derived from airborne hyperspectral images and digital elevation models are analysed in relation to the impact map during the third stage. The species identified as invasive species, as well as those related to agricultural and forestry practices, and biodiversity measures provide information about biological impacts. Vegetation strata mapping and characterisation of tree height, linked to secondary succession, are used to detect physical impacts (soil reworking, excavations). Finally, the consequences of induced stress on the spectral signature of susceptible species allow the identification of chemical impacts. Specifically, in the study context, the spectral signatures of Quercus spp., Alnus glutinosa, and grass mixtures vary with soil acidity, while those of Platanus x hispanica and shrub mixtures exhibit differences due to other chemical impacts