Tesi: "Car safety"

1

Despotovski, Natali, e Sonja Vuletic. "A Product Development of Safety Car Seats for Children". Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-37041.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Car accidents happens daily, and it is very important to protect all involved in a carno matter the age. Persons that are old enough and can take care of themselves, usescar seat belts to be protected in traffic. A child, however, must be placed andfastened in a safety seat by a parent or another caregiver, to be fully protected. Children that are correctly secured in safety seats have a 2.7 times bigger chance tosurvive a car crash without serious injuries compared to unstrained children (Berget al., 2000; WHO,2004). Regardless tests and safety seats that are available ontoday’s market, there are still issues that needs to be eliminated. Daily users of thisproduct are a good starting point since these people want a safe seat for their childthat can be easy to install and affordable; and they can best tell what issues theyencounter. Based on several scientific articles in a combination with interviews andobservations, issues with the safety seats could be confirmed. The primary issue isthe seat belt that is attached to the safety seat. Children can develop a habit ofwriggling out of the belt in safety seats. There are belt collectors available on themarket which holds the shoulder belts in place. In this way, it is harder for thechildren to slide out of the belt and helps to keep the belt properly positioned(BeSafe, 2018). Instead of having this as an accessory, it has been considered in thebelt that have been developed. Another issue is that the belt is complicated tofastened since two straps has to be simultaneously clicked in the belt buckle. If thisis done incorrectly, the belt cannot be fastened, and it takes time to try it again. Tomake this easier, two straps and the strap between the child's leg will be fastenedseparately in a seat buckle each. In this way, parents and other caregivers will beable to fasten the belt easy and properly. They will also be sure that the child issafely fastened and will minimize injury during an accident or another situation.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

2

JUNIOR, WILSON DE MORAES NOBRE. "THE REAR CAR SEAT SAFETY BELT: AN ERGONOMIC APPROACH". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2005. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=6332@1.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
Esta dissertação tem como hipótese que as deficiências de projeto do cinto e do habitáculo traseiros dos automóveis de passeio, do ponto de vista ergonômico, causam desconforto e constrangimento no uso ordinário do cinto de segurança, provocando seu uso errado, sua rejeição, e sujeitando os passageiros, em caso de acidentes, a lesões e à morte. Sobre a importância do uso do cinto, especialmente o do banco traseiro, se explica o conceito e a magnitude das forças envolvidas na proteção dos ocupantes de um veículo. Se mostra que a história da legislação do cinto está muito relacionada com a evolução do produto, exceto no Brasil. Faz-se uma análise do ergodesign dos componentes do cinto, seus complementos e suplementos, em particular do ergodesign destes no habitáculo traseiro dos carros mais vendidos. As entrevistas com vítimas de acidentes no banco traseiro, com taxistas e com o bombeiro aposentado serviram de apoio para a confirmação da hipótese. O registro, em vídeo, do comportamento real dos passageiros, em conjunto com as respostas dos questionários aplicados aos mesmos, também ratificaram boa parte dos problemas ergonômicos detectados nesse estudo, cujas principais causas são: ausência de dispositivo emergencial de soltura, ausência do dispositivo retrator, ausência do dispositivo pré- tensionador, falta de mais pontos de ancoragem (fixação) do cinto, e presença do ocupante central. Conclui-se que, para reduzir lesões e mortes dos usuários de automóvel, nos corriqueiros acidentes, é urgente estender as boas soluções de alguns carros a todos os demais e reformular a respectiva legislação.
This study is developed based on the hypothesis that the deficiencies of project of the package for the automobile`s rear passengers, as well as of the rear seat safety-belt itself, from the ergonomic point of view, cause discomfort and constrain people to its usual use. Therefore, its rejection or misuse have been subjecting the passengers to injuries and even to death, in case of accidents. Concerning the importance of the safety-belt`s use, especially at the rear seat, the concept and the magnitude of all forces involved toward the protection of the occupants of a vehicle are explained. The legislation history of safety belts is very related with the evolution of the product, except in Brazil. An analysis is done about the ergodesign of the safety-belt`s components, its complements and supplements; and particularly its ergodesign in the rear passengers package of the best selling automobiles in the market. Interviews with taxi-drivers, a pensioner fireman and victims of accidents who were at rear seat, became to support the confirmation of the hypothesis. The video recording of the real behaviour of passengers, in addition to the answers of a questionnaire applied to each one of them, had also ratified part of the ergonomic problems detected in this study, which main causes are: absence of emergency release device, absence of the retrator device, absence of the pretensioner device, lacks of more points of anchorage for the belt and the presence of a central occupant in the rear seat of a vehicle. Therefore, we conclude that to reduce injuries and deaths of the automobile users, in current accidents, it is urgent to extend the good solutions for the safety belt of some cars to all of them and to remodel its respective legislation.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

3

Otubushin, Abayomi. "Energy absorption of car chassis rails under impact conditions". Thesis, Loughborough University, 1999. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7090.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

4

Böhlander, Marcus. "Design and Safety Analysis ofEmergency Brake System forAutonomous Formula Car : In Reference to Functional Safety ISO 26262". Thesis, KTH, Fordonsdynamik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-243285.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

The engineering competition Formula Student has introduced a Driverless Vehicle (DV)class, which requires the students to develop a car that can autonomously make its wayaround a cone track. To ensure the safety of such a vehicle, an Emergency Brake System(EBS) is required. The EBS shall ensure transition to safe state for detection of a singlefailure mode. This thesis work covers the design of the EBS for KTH Formula Student(KTH FS).Due to the safety critical character of this system, the software part of the EBS, calledEBS Supervisor, has been analyzed in accordance with the safety standard ISO 26262 tosee if an improved safety could be achieved. The analysis has been perform according toPart 3: Concept phase of ISO 26262 with an item definition, Hazard Analysis and RiskAssessment (HARA), Functional Safety Concept (FSC) and Technical Safety Concept(TSC).The result of the analysis showed that the EBS Supervisor requires extensive redundanciesin order to follow ISO 26262. This includes an additional CPU as well as signal checksof inputs and outputs. Due to limited resources in terms of money and time within theKTH FS team, these redundancies will not be implemented. The process of working withthe safety standard did however inspire an increased safety mindset.
Ingenjörstävlingen Formula Student har introducerat en förarlös tävlingsklass (eng:Driverless Vehicle) som innebär att studenterna ska utveckla en bil som autonomt kan tasig runt en konbana. För att försäkra sig om säkerheten för ett sådant fordon krävs ettnödbromssystem (eng: Emergency Brake System (EBS)). EBS:en skall försäkra att enövergång till ett säkert tillstånd sker då ett singulärt fel upptäcks. Det här examensarbetetbehandlar designen av EBS:en för KTH Formula Student.På grund av den säkerhetskritiska karaktären hos detta system har mjukvarudelen avEBS:en, kallad EBS Supervisor, blivit analyserad utifrån säkerhetsstandarden ISO 26262för att se om en förbättrad säkerhet kunde uppnås. Analysen har blivit genomfördenligt Del 3: Konceptfas av ISO 26262 med item definition, Hazard Analysis and RiskAssessment, Functional Safety Concept och Technical Safety Concept.Resultatet av analysen visade att EBS Supervisor kräver omfattande redundanser föratt uppfylla ISO 26262. Detta inkluderar en extra CPU såväl som kontroller av inochutsignaler. På grund av begränsade resurser i form av pengar och tid inom KTHFS, valdes dessa redundanser att inte implementeras. Processen av att arbeta medsäkerhetsstandarden har dock inspirerat ett ökat säkerhetstänk.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

5

Sunnevång, Cecilia. "Characteristics of nearside car crashes : an integrated approach to side impact safety". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Kirurgi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-126985.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Introduction: Approximately 1.25 million people globally are killed in traffic accidents yearly. To achieve the UN Global Goal of a 50% reduction of fatal and serious injuries in 2020 a safer infrastructure, as well as new safety technologies, will be needed. Side crashes represent 20% of all serious and 25 % of fatal injuries. The overall aim of this thesis is to provide guidelines for improved side impact protection. First, by characterizing nearside crashes and injury outcome, including injuries from the farside occupant, for non-senior and senior front seat occupants. Second, to determine whether the WorldSID dummy provides opportunities for improved in-crash occupant protection. And third, by relating in-crash occupant protection to pre-crash countermeasures, to explore a holistic approach for side crashes using the integrated safety chain from safe driving to crash. Methods: NASS/CDS data for both older and modern vehicles was used to provide exposure, incidence, and risk for fatal injury as well as detailed injury distribution and crash characteristics. The WorldSID dummy was compared to Post Mortem Human Subjects (PMHS) in impactor tests at high and low severities to demonstrate the possibilities of this tool. Crash tests were performed to evaluate WorldSID crash test dummy assessments of injuries found in the NASS/CDS data. The integrated safety chain was used to demonstrate how to evaluate occupant protection in side crashes from a larger perspective, involving infrastructure and Automated Emergency Braking. Result: Most side crashes occur at intersections. The head, thorax, and pelvis are the most frequently injured body regions, and seniors have a higher risk for rib fractures compared to non-seniors. The WorldSID dummy response was similar to the PMHS response at the higher impact speed, but not at the lower. In conjunction with improved airbags infrastructural change, and the use of Automated Emergency Braking, can effectively reduce the number of fatalities and injured occupants in side impacts. Conclusion: Future focus for side impact protection should be on intersection crashes, improved occupant protection for senior occupants, and protection for and from the farside occupant, reducing injury risk to the head, thorax, and pelvis. The WorldSID dummy has the ability to reproduce humanlike responses in lateral and oblique impacts. However, at a low crash severity, chest deflection could be underestimated, which must be taken into consideration when evaluating, for example, pre-crash inflated side airbags. Analyzing nearside crashes using the integrated safety chain shows that speed management by means of roundabouts is an efficient countermeasure reducing the number of injurious crashes, as well as reducing variations in crash severity. In combination with an Automated Emergency Braking a large part of side crashes could be avoided or crash severity mitigated. Rather than developing structures and airbags for high-speed crashes, it is important to consider alternative countermeasures. Hence the need for an integrated approach to side impacts.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

6

Norman, Mattias. "Cable Monitoring Unit : Safety Ground Detection Through Capacitive Coupling". Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för elektronik, matematik och naturvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-17699.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Electronically monitoring whether or not your car block heater is connected to a mains outlet might at first seem like an arbitrary task. A device installed in the comfort of the car seating area, which tells the user at every startup whether or not his/her car is connected to a mains outlet, could have market appeal though. But in order for it to be a worthwhile idea to pursuit, a certain requirement has to be met. It has to be able to be able to accurately detect whether or not the car is connected, through a single connection; the car ground. A certain part of the voltage in the phase of the mains will be capacitively coupled upon the safety ground. By exploiting the fact that the car ground will be connected to the mains safety ground when the block heater cable is in use, a device which can detect that coupled voltage could possibly be developed. In other words, a cable monitoring unit which in actuality detects a connection to the mains safety ground through capacitive coupling, hence the title of this dissertation. This work sets out to taking appropriate measurements to find out whether or not this proposed method of safety ground detection is valid, with heavy emphasis on whether or not it is applicable to a cable monitoring unit. According to the measurement results, an appropriate device is developed. A device which can fill the function described in the previous paragraph. Development of such a device involves; proper method of supplying power which upholds a galvanically isolated floating ground, signal processing, reliable detection mechanism, and considerations to how unintentional capacitive coupling behaves. A theoretical model of the device is put forth, as well as an actual rough prototype to in practice try to prove that the concept and method is valid. Downsides and problems with the device are discussed, such as upholding an effective detection system without making the device hard and cumbersome to use. Possible solutions to these problems are also proposed. The possible future of the concept of this device is also touched upon.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

7

Chen, Shih-Ken. "Estimation of car-following safety : application to the design of intelligent cruise control". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28159.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

8

Reddy, Nitin. "DRIVER ASSISTANCE FOR ENHANCED ROAD SAFETY AND TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1237493386.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

9

Hidayati, Nurul. "The impact of the school safety zone on passenger car equivalent values in Indonesian urban roads". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.634446.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

In heterogeneous traffic analysis, traffic flow is measured by converting the values of different vehicle types using Passenger Car Equivalents (PCE) values. School Safety lone (ZOSS) facilities were provided by Indonesian Government to improve the safety of pedestrian by controlling the speed of vehicles near primary schools located around the main road. The effect of school locations around the main street is the presence of roadside activities such as pedestrians, private vehicles stopped, and bus stops. This condition will affect the traffic flow. The objectives of this research were to develop the model of PCE values for Indonesian urban roads equipped with ZOSS, and to determine how much the lOSS changes the PCE values. The surveys were conducted in 9 roads, in Surakarta, Sragen, and Y ogyakarta. Each road was divided into 4 loci corresponding to the locations of camcorder, i.e. Locus B (before), Locus l (at zebra crossing), Locus A (after) and Locus 0 (outsideZOSS area). Road segment was used to see the changes that might occur in 9 different locations, while locus was used on the same road but at certain point were equipped with a relevant facility of lOSS. This research has used the speed ratio method which expressed the ratio between the average speed of a vehicle type and the average speed of cars. This variable was combined with the percentage and a dimension ratio of each vehicle type, as well as with a measure of side friction. The recommended model was modified based on the Speed-Based Method referring to the Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

10

Keyes, Sarah Elizabeth. "Re-creation and Worse Case Scenario of Accidental Release of Styrene Gas from a Rail Car". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1259077613.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

11

Tchankue-Sielinou, Patrick. "A model for mobile, context-aware in-car communication systems to reduce driver distractions". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/4144.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Driver distraction remains a matter of concern throughout the world as the number of car accidents caused by distracted driving is still unacceptably high. Industry and academia are working intensively to design new techniques that will address all types of driver distraction including visual, manual, auditory and cognitive distraction. This research focuses on an existing technology, namely in-car communication systems (ICCS). ICCS allow drivers to interact with their mobile phones without touching or looking at them. Previous research suggests that ICCS have reduced visual and manual distraction. Two problems were identified in this research: existing ICCS are still expensive and only available in limited models of car. As a result of that, only a small number of drivers can obtain a car equipped with an ICCS, especially in developing countries. The second problem is that existing ICCS are not aware of the driving context, which plays a role in distracting drivers. This research project was based on the following thesis statement: A mobile, context-aware model can be designed to reduce driver distraction caused by the use of ICCS. A mobile ICCS is portable and can be used in any car, addressing the first problem. Context-awareness will be used to detect possible situations that contribute to distracting drivers and the interaction with the mobile ICCS will be adapted so as to avert calls and text messages. This will address the second problem. As the driving context is dynamic, drivers may have to deal with critical safety-related tasks while they are using an existing ICCS. The following steps were taken in order to validate the thesis statement. An investigation was conducted into the causes and consequences of driver distraction. A review of literature was conducted on context-aware techniques that could potentially be used. The design of a model was proposed, called the Multimodal Interface for Mobile Info-communication with Context (MIMIC) and a preliminary usability evaluation was conducted in order to assess the feasibility of a speech-based, mobile ICCS. Despite some problems with the speech recognition, the results were satisfying and showed that the proposed model for mobile ICCS was feasible. Experiments were conducted in order to collect data to perform supervised learning to determine the driving context. The aim was to select the most effective machine learning techniques to determine the driving context. Decision tree and instance-based algorithms were found to be the best performing algorithms. Variables such as speed, acceleration and linear acceleration were found to be the most important variables according to an analysis of the decision tree. The initial MIMIC model was updated to include several adaptation effects and the resulting model was implemented as a prototype mobile application, called MIMIC-Prototype.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

12

Standen, Paul. "Towed vehicle aerodynamics". Thesis, University of Bath, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311175.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

13

Holmes, David Alexander. "The Effect of Lane Departure Warning Systems on Cross-Centerline Crashes". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/83235.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Cross-centerline crashes occur rarely in the United States but are especially severe. This type of crash is characterized by one vehicle departing over a centerline and encountering a vehicle traveling in the opposite direction. In recent years, automakers have started developing and implementing lane departure warning (LDW) on newer vehicles. This system provides the potential to reduce or significantly impact the frequency of cross-centerline crashes. The objective of this thesis was to estimate the potential crash and injury benefits of a LDW system if installed on every vehicle in the US fleet. This research includes the following 1) a characterization of cross-centerline crashes in the United States today with current and future prevention methods, 2) a reconstruction methodology used for all crashes including rollovers and heavy vehicles, and 3) a simulation model and approach method used to estimate potential benefits of LDW systems on cross-centerline crashes. Cross over to left crashes account for only 4% of non-junction non-interchange crashes but account for 44% of serious injury crashes of the same type. As part of this research, 42 cross-centerline crashes were reconstructed and simulated as if they had a LDW system installed. Accounting for driver capability to react to a LDW alert, crash reduction benefits ranged from 22 – 30%.Using injury risk curves, the probability of experiencing a MAIS2+ injury in a cross-centerline crash was reduced by 29% when using a LDW system.
Master of Science

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

14

Patterson, Angela K. "Intelligent Cruise Control System Impact Analysis". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36966.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Intelligent cruise control (ICC) has the potential to impact both roadway throughput and safety by assisting drivers in maintaining safe headways. This thesis explores this potential through comparisons of ICC to conventional cruise control (CCC) and manual driving. Accordingly, descriptions are given of both CCC and ICC systems. Furthermore, descriptions of ICC evaluation studies and car-following models are presented.

The evaluation of ICC is conducted using data collected as part of the Field Operational Test (FOT) performed in Ann Arbor, Michigan. Two levels of analysis are presented in this thesis. The first level of analysis compares the usage of ICC to CCC from a macro level. This study demonstrated that ICC was used more along similar trips. In addition, it was shown that there was no difference in usage of the ON, SET, CANCEL and RESUME buttons. ICC resulted in a higher usage of the ACCEL button and a lower usage of the COAST button compared to CCC. Furthermore, the number of brake interventions while ICC was engaged was higher than CCC. Lastly, the macro-level analysis indicated that there was no difference in the number of near encounters for ICC and CCC. The second analysis makes comparisons at a micro level. The most probable speed, acceleration and headway for each driving mode as well as the probability of using cruise control (based on speed) were determined. The probability of ICC use exceeded CCC use for every freeway speed bin and all but two high-speed arterial speed bins. Finally, a car-following behavior comparison was performed. Manual driving resulted in larger headway values for speeds less than 80 km/h. The ICC speed-headway curve was similar to the CCC speed-headway curve created from high-speed arterial data. The mean headway-speed charts, however, indicated that ICC was more similar to manual driving. Exploration into the specific differences is needed in order to determine the impact of ICC on system safety.
Master of Science

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

15

Chen, Rong. "Driver Behavior in Car Following - The Implications for Forward Collision Avoidance". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71785.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Forward Collision Avoidance Systems (FCAS) are a type of active safety system which have great potential for rear-end collision avoidance. These systems use either radar, lidar, or cameras to track objects in front of the vehicle. In the event of an imminent collision, the system will warn the driver, and, in some cases, can autonomously brake to avoid a crash. However, driver acceptance of the systems is paramount to the effectiveness of a FCAS system. Ideally, FCAS should only deliver an alert or intervene at the last possible moment to avoid nuisance alarms, and potentially have drivers disable the system. A better understanding of normal driving behavior can help designers predict when drivers would normally take avoidance action in different situations, and customize the timing of FCAS interventions accordingly. The overall research object of this dissertation was to characterize normal driver behavior in car following events based on naturalistic driving data. The dissertation analyzed normal driver behavior in car-following during both braking and lane change maneuvers. This study was based on the analysis of data collected in the Virginia Tech Transportation Institute 100-Car Naturalistic Driving Study which involved over 100 drivers operating instrumented vehicles in over 43,000 trips and 1.1 million miles of driving. Time to Collision in both braking and lane change were quantified as a function of vehicle speed and driver characteristics. In general, drivers were found to brake and change lanes more cautiously with increasing vehicle speed. Driver age and gender were found to have significant influence on both time to collision and maximum deceleration during braking. Drivers age 31-50 had a mean braking deceleration approximately 0.03 g greater than that of novice drivers (age 18-20), and female drivers had a marginal increase in mean braking deceleration as compared to male drivers. Lane change maneuvers were less frequent than braking maneuvers. Driver-specific models of TTC at braking and lane change were found to be well characterized by the Generalized Extreme Value distribution. Lastly, driver's intent to change lanes can be predicted using a bivariate normal distribution, characterizing the vehicle's distance to lane boundary and the lateral velocity of the vehicle. This dissertation presents the first large scale study of its kind, based on naturalistic driving data to report driver behavior during various car-following events. The overall goal of this dissertation is to provide a better understanding of driver behavior in normal driving conditions, which can benefit automakers who seek to improve FCAS effectiveness, as well as regulatory agencies seeking to improve FCAS vehicle tests.
Ph. D.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

16

Fernandes, Dias Claudio. "Driver’s Safety Analyzer: Sobriety, Drowsiness, Tiredness, and Focus". Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1587477829716502.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

17

Davidse, Ragnhild Johanna. "Assisting the older driver intersection design and in-car devices to improve the safety of the older driver /". [S.l. : Groningen : s.n. ; University Library of Groningen] [Host], 2007. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/30535423X.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

18

Kennedy, Kendra Ann. "Should I Trust my Car? A Safety Perspective on Human-machine Interactions for Semi-autonomous Vehicles using Virtual Reality". OpenSIUC, 2019. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2564.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

With the increasingly rapid adoption of vehicles with autonomous features, concerns over human driver and passenger safety in such vehicles have greatly increased, especially in regards to autonomous driving features such as Tesla’s Autopilot. In order to improve current

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

19

Ueda, Tatsuki. "Non-clinical efficacy, safety, and stable clinical cell processing of iPSC-derived anti-GPC3 CAR-expressing NK/ILC cells". Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/253488.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

20

Violano, Giuseppina Mendillo. "Determinants of Usage of Age-Appropriate Child Safety Seats in Connecticut". ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/770.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

In the United States, motor vehicle crashes are one of the leading causes of unintentional injury death and disability for children ages 1'15 years. Despite local, state, and federal legislative and educational efforts, children continue to be restrained improperly and thus face harm. Identifying behaviors and barriers that place child occupants at risk is crucial for implementing focused, injury-prevention programs and policies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Connecticut's child passenger safety law that was strengthened in 2005. This study involved a multifactorial approach to predicting child seat use, guided by Roger's diffusion of innovations as the theoretical framework. The analysis determined if there was a difference in the prevalence of car seat use before as compared to after law implementation and identified variables that best predicted the use of car seats and premature transition to a seat belt. Using Connecticut's Crash Data Repository, a logistic regression analysis indicated that car seat use was 1.3 times more likely post law (OR 0.75; 95% CI: 0.65-0.86) and that in particular, children ages 4, 5, and 6 (combined) were most positively affected by the law (OR 0.67; 95% CI 0.54-0.82). Driver sex, crash time of day, child age, and child seating position were all determined to be significant predictors of whether or not a child was in a child safety seat. Additionally, these variables were also determined to be predictors of early transition to use of a lap/shoulder belt (versus child seat). The social change implication of this study is that identifying predictors of car seat use and early transition helps to formulate and implement injury prevention measures that could in turn help to decrease medical costs, save lives, and prevent injuries.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

21

Chong, Linsen. "Modeling Naturalistic Driver Behavior in Traffic Using Machine Learning". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76834.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

This research is focused on driver behavior in traffic, especially during car-following situations and safety critical events. Driving behavior is considered as a human decision process in this research which provides opportunities for an artificial driver agent simulator to learn according to naturalistic driving data. This thesis presents two mechine learning methodologies that can be applied to simulate driver naturalistic driving behavior including risk-taking behavior during an incident and lateral evasive behavior which have not yet been captured in existing literature. Two special machine learning approaches Backpropagation (BP) neural network and Neuro-Fuzzy Actor Critic Reinforcement Learning (NFACRL) are proposed to model driver behavior during car-following situation and safety critical events separately. In addition to that, as part of the research, state-of-the-art car-following models are also analyzed and compared to BP neural network approach. Also, driver heterogeneity analyzed by NFACRL method is discussed. Finally, it presents the findings and limitations drawn from each of the specific issues, along with recommendations for further research.
Master of Science

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

22

Liu, Peipei [Verfasser], Stefanie [Akademischer Betreuer] Marker, Stefanie [Gutachter] Marker e Heiko [Gutachter] Johannsen. "Study of car-bicycle safety at signalized intersections from multi-aspects / Peipei Liu ; Gutachter: Stefanie Marker, Heiko Johannsen ; Betreuer: Stefanie Marker". Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1182422780/34.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

23

Dowd, Garrett E. "Improving Autonomous Vehicle Safety using Communicationsand Unmanned Aerial Vehicles". The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1574861007798385.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

24

Lee, Dongkwan. "Driver Demographics, Built Environment, and Car Crashes:Implications for Urban Planning". The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1420677824.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

25

Pinto, Lucas Vinicius Silva. "Last call: the effect of car sharing apps on traffic accidents". reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/24113.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Submitted by Lucas Pinto (lvspinto@gmail.com) on 2018-06-14T18:47:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Thesis_Lucas_Pinto.pdf: 574830 bytes, checksum: ecb43b867c2cf85709e8ddedbf9ac172 (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Katia Menezes de Souza (katia.menezes@fgv.br) on 2018-06-14T18:51:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Thesis_Lucas_Pinto.pdf: 574830 bytes, checksum: ecb43b867c2cf85709e8ddedbf9ac172 (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Isabele Garcia (isabele.garcia@fgv.br) on 2018-06-15T18:13:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Thesis_Lucas_Pinto.pdf: 574830 bytes, checksum: ecb43b867c2cf85709e8ddedbf9ac172 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-15T18:13:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Thesis_Lucas_Pinto.pdf: 574830 bytes, checksum: ecb43b867c2cf85709e8ddedbf9ac172 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-15
Ao tirarmos proveito das diferentes datas de lançamento de plataformas de compartilhamento de veículos particulares, pudemos investigar o efeitos destas na segurança do trânsito, mensurada pelo número de acidentes reportados na popular plataforma de navegação Waze. Não encontramos efeito conclusivo no número total de acidentes. No entanto, encontramos um heterogeneidade substancial em função do dia da semana analisado, com uma redução significativa no número de acidentes aos domingos. Dividindo os dias em períodos, encontramos efeitos ainda mais heterogêneos, com reduções significativas tanto aos sábados como aos domingos pela noite. Ao contrário de nossa espectativa, encontramos efeitos mais fortes no curto prazo (primeiros dois meses) do que no longo prazo (mais de dois meses). Estes resultados sugerem que aplicativos de compartilhamento de veículos particulares têm um impacto relevante na redução do número de acidentes de trânsito, especialmente aos finais de semana a noite, o que corrobora com a popular hipótese de que tais plataformas reduzem o número de motoristas alcoolizados. Os resultados também indicam que há outros canais (além da diminuição do número de motoristas alcoolizados) pelos quais os aplicativos levam a uma redução no número de acidentes.
By taking advantage of the timing in the expansion of car sharing platforms in Brazil, we investigated their impact on road safety, measured as user-reported car accidents on the popular navigation platform Waze. We found no conclusive effect on the overall number of accidents. However, we found substantial heterogeneity depending on the weekday and a significant reduction on the number of accident on Sundays. Dividing the days into periods showed further heterogeneity, with a significant reduction on the number of accidents both on Saturday and Sunday nights. Contrary to our expectations we found a stronger effect on the short run (first two months) rather than in the long run (more then two months). This findings suggest that car sharing apps have a relevant impact in reducing the number of car accidents, specially at weekend nights, which corroborates to the popular hypotheses that such platforms help curb drunk driving. The results also indicate that there are more channels in play leading to the reduction of car accidents other than restricting drunk driving.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

26

Mazánková, Martina. "Analýza kritických míst v silniční dopravě ve vybraném regionu - Brno-venkov". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232553.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

The topic of the diploma work the Analysis of Critical Locations for Road Transport in a Chosen region – Brno-Country was proposed with the aim to use its results in a practice. The practical use is guaranteed by the cooperation with the Traffic Inspectorial Brno-country of the Police of Czech Republic. The aim of the work is to propose organization and constructional-technical measures that will lead to the increasing of the safety of the road transport after careful analysis of a concrete place, which is the crossroad A56 of the roads III/42510, III/41619, and III/39528. In the end of the work are proposed concrete remedies suitable for realization, which will contribute to an increasing to the road transport safety in the subject crossroad. The results are destined in the first for the use the Police of Czech Republic, appropriate City Hall, and Road Board and Service, but some partial conclusions are suitable for a serious consideration of drivers too.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

27

Liu, Hao. "Synthesis of Quantified Impact of Connected Vehicles on Traffic Mobility, Safety, and Emission: Methodology and Simulated Effect for Freeway Facilities". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1479816059720034.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

28

Lindquist, Mats. "Fatal car crash configurations and injury panorama : with special emphasis on the function of restraint system". Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Umeå universitet, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-976.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

29

Lindgren, Eva. "Samhällsförändring på väg : Perspektiv på den svenska bilismens utveckling mellan 1950 och 2007". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk historia, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-33469.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

The aim of this thesis is to give a perspective on the development of the Swedish automobility between 1950 and 2007. New knowledge on automobility’s role for economic historical development will be achieved by studying the interaction between the diffusion of the private car on the national and the regional level, and the households’ preferences and the government’s regulations of car ownership. The first paper, Two Sides of the Same Coin?, compares car diffusion in Norway and Sweden to find explanations for the national and regional patterns. We ask whether the slower diffusion in Norway can be explained with national differences in income, institutions, infrastructure and population settlements; or if regional differences in income and population density have affected the outcome? Our conclusion is that car diffusion in Norway and Sweden displays two sides of the same coin; the national levels converged, but the process did not follow the same regional pattern. Regional differences in income and population density have in general been a significant explanation for car density in Sweden, but not in Norway. The second paper, Driving from the Centre to the Periphery?, examines whether the diffusion of private cars followed the over-all socio-economic and geographical changes in Sweden from 1960 to 1975. In particular, it studies if ownership per capita followed changes in income or changes in population density (urbanisation). The analysis is based on unique Swedish parish-scale census material that includes all private car owners for the years 1960, 1970 and 1975. Our conclusion is that income levels were more important than other explanations for the diffusion of private cars in Sweden between 1960 and 1975. The third paper, ‘En ledande och samordnande funktion’, contributes with new knowledge on how the Swedish government has organised traffic safety in certain ways since the 1950s. The emphasis is on the establishment and closing down of the National Road Safety Office (TSV) and how the changing forms of organisations before, during and after TSV have been reflected in the road plans from 1958, 1970 and 1990. Our conclusion is that the motives for both establishment and closing down of the TSV were the same; to create a more efficient organisation regarding traffic safety. These changes have been reflected in the road plans where an increased control over the infrastructure can be recognised, especially during the last two decades. The fourth paper, A Dark Side of Car Ownership, examines whether improved technical performance with respect to fuel consumption have been counterbalanced through increasing engine power and weight, how such properties are valued by the consumers, and in what way political instruments have affected this development. The analysis is based on historical data covering all car models within the 50 percentiles of new registrations. Our conclusion is that a vehicle purchase rebound effect can be identified since the fuel consumption has decreased over time, while the engine effect has increased. Also, the Swedish car fleet has developed in a setting of political instruments and regulations working in favour of larger and more fuel consuming cars.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

30

Rizzi, Matteo. "Steering Behaviour of 44 Drivers in Lane Change Manoeuvres on a Slippery Surface". Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-3027.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

This master thesis deals with experimental data that were collected through a crash avoidance experiment (which was lead by Professor Lennart Strandberg) in February and March 1990. Fifty-two ordinary drivers were instructed to perform two different kinds of manoeuvres on ice to determine the effectiveness of antilock brakes and of four tyre configurations. Results were reported at the 1991 ESV Conference.

The first aim of this master thesis is to check and revise the measured data (used by Prof. Strandberg in courses at Linköping University). Checking out many hours of video recordings from onboard cameras reveals various protocol inconsistencies and errors, which in some cases it is not possible to correct. This work might increase the reliability of any further analysis of these data.

The second aim is to elaborate on the revised data and to test the hypothesis that quick steering is a key factor to not lose control of the car during a crash avoidance manoeuvre. Different variables are introduced and used to estimate the steering wheel velocity and lateral friction use.

The results show linear (positive) correlations between lateral friction use and steering wheel velocity. The greatest steering wheel velocities appear in the tests with loss-of-control and reach values up to 1180 degrees per second. However, the 1990 experimental layout was not intended for this type of research questions and it seems difficult to determine the causal relationship between quick steering and control of the car. Some cases of excessive steering input might have occurred. The results indicate that quick steering by itself is not enough to guarantee the total control of the car. An early reaction to the skid might be necessary too. Evidently, further research is needed.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

31

Engfeldt, Elin. "För gammal för att köra bil? : En kostnadsnyttoanalys om Sverige bör införa körkortskontroller för bilförare över 75 år". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för nationalekonomi och statistik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-32508.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Varje år ökar antalet äldre personer och i samband med den ökningen blir även antalet äldre personer med körkort allt fler. Med åldern är det vanligt att reaktionsförmåga, syn och hörsel försämras vilka alla är viktiga egenskaper för trafiksäkerheten. Läkare i Sverige är skyldiga att rapportera till Transportstyrelsen om en individ inte anses vara lämplig att köra bil. Att läkare över huvud taget tar upp körkortsfrågan med sina patienter sker endast i 60 procent av fallen och därmed fortsätter många olämpliga körkortsinnehavare att köra bil. Majoriteten av länder inom Europeiska Unionen (EU) har någon form av övre åldersbegränsning i körkorten där körkortsinnehavarna måste genomgå en kontroll för att få körkortet förnyat. Det är endast Sverige och sex andra länder inom EU som inte har någon form av körkortskontroll för äldre och i denna studie kommer en kostnadsnyttoanalys utformas för att ta reda på om kontroller för körkortsinnehavare över 75 år skulle reducera antalet döda och skadade i trafikolyckor och därmed vara samhällsekonomiskt lönsamt. De länder som tillämpar körkortskontroller har olika bestämmelser hur metoderna är utformade och studien tar upp hur det fungerar i några av länderna. Vidare redovisas forskning inom området och resultatet av undersökningar av olika testmetoder. Merparten av forskningsresultaten visar att körkortskontroller inte har någon större effekt på trafiksäkerheten och det går inte med säkerhet att säga hur många liv som räddas och antal skadade som skulle kunna reduceras genom införandet av tester. Därmed har dessa siffror fått antagits utan att ha något säkert underlag och utifrån denna antagning visar kostnadsnyttoanalysen att införandet av körkortskontroller inte skulle generera välfärd i Sverige. Utifrån resultatet går det att dra slutsatsen att Sverige har gjort en god bedömning om att endast ha anmälningsplikt för läkare förutsatt att den följs bättre. Även om resultatet visar att kontroller för personer över 75 år inte ska införas bör ändå trafiksäkerheten för äldre utvecklas genom att till exempel förenkla körningen vid vänstersvängar och förbättra kollektivtrafiken.
The numbers of elderly increase every year and the amount of older people with a license will increase as well. When getting older, it is natural that the reaction time, hearing and vision will change and these are all important features for traffic safety. Doctors in Sweden are required to report to the Swedish Transport Agency if an individual does not seem appropriate to drive. It is not common that doctors ask their patients about their physical health and ability to drive, the questions are only asked in about 60 percent of the physical evaluations and because of that, inappropriate license holders may proceed to use a vehicle. The majority of countries within the European Union embrace some kind of upper age limit to provide drivers with a valid license and several countries have compulsory medical examinations for license holders at a certain age. It is only Sweden together with six other EU countries that does not provide any license controls for elderly and in this study a cost benefit analysis is designed to determine whether controls for drivers over the age of 75 would reduce deaths and injuries caused by traffic accidents and thus increase welfare. The countries that apply driving license controls have different rules how the controls are designed and the study presents how it works in some of the countries. Further, research within the area shows that license controls does not have any sufficient effect on traffic safety. It cannot with certainty be said how many lives are saved and the amount injuries that could be reduced by an introduction of these tests. Thus, these numbers are adopted without any sufficient evidence and from this an assumption of the cost benefit analysis will show that an introduction of license controls would not generate a welfare increase in Sweden. Based on the result it is possible to conclude that Sweden has made a good assessment to have only a reporting requirement for physicians but the reports must be stricter. Although the result shows that license controls for people over the age of 75 should not be imposed, nevertheless traffic safety for elderly should be further developed, for example with simplifying left turns and improve public transportation.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

32

Bigun, Christopher, e Erik Sjöstrand. "Den ljudlösa bilen : En undersökning om buller, bång och brummande bilar". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-1034.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Examensarbetet kommer undersöka aktiv ljuddesign för tysta personbilar. Utifrån tidigare forskning om hur elbilen utsätter människor i tätområden för fara på grund av avsaknaden av auditiv information, ska vi utveckla förslag på dynamiska billjud som förhåller sig till trafiksäkerhet, design och minskade ljudföroreningar. Den totala ljudnivån i städer är långt över rekommendationen och följden blir ett hälsoproblem i större städer. Den här undersökningen kommer därför behandla problematiken kring ljudföroreningar i städer och hur elbilen kan sänka den totala ljudnivån och samtidigt bibehålla medvetenheten hos de gående och cyklister som hamnar i riskzonen när bilar inte längre låter lika starkt. Vår gestaltning resulterade i motorljud som inte bara har en varnade effekt på sin omgivning, utan som också minskar ljudföroreningar i jämförelse med förbränningsmotorer.
This degree project will examine active sound design for quiet vehicles. Based on former research wether electric cars expose humans living in urban areas to danger due to the absence of auditive information, we will develop suggestions for dynamic eninge sounds which are related to traffic safety, design and reduced noise pollution. Cities’ overall noise levels are far beyond recommended, and the consequences causes health issues in bigger cities. This paper will therefore discuss the problems with noise pollution in cities, and wether the electric car is capable of reducing the overall sound levels while maintaining pedestrians’ and cyclists’ awareness in traffic by auditive information. Our interpretation resulted in engine sounds which not only contains a causionary effect on it’s surroundings, but also could contribute to the reduction of noise pollution in comparison to combustion engines.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

33

Zapletalová, Kateřina. "Defenzivní jízda". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-254241.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

The diploma thesis deals with the issue of driver education and practice safe, dangerous and aggressive driving. The aim is to map the issue of safe and defensive driving and define the principles of defensive driving. The first part deals with the theory of defensive driving, which analyzes psychologically and legally sides of that problem. Another part deals with road safety, which is described in the context of direct and indirect indicators of road safety. The research then analyzes in detail the specific situation on the road that leads to accidents. This analysis is performed on based data of real accidents. Of particular situations accidents are then defined the principles of defensive driving.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

34

Horvath, Istva'n. "Extreme PIV Applications: Simultaneous and Instantaneous Velocity and Concentration Measurements on Model and Real Scale Car Park Fire Scenarios". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209641.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

This study is a presentation of an instantaneous and simultaneous velocity and concentration measurement technique and its applications on car park fire scenarios.

In this actual chapter 1 general introduction is given to each chapter. Chapter 2 is dedicated to a detailed description of the instantaneous and simultaneous velocity and concentration measurement technique and its associated error assessment methodology. The name of the new technique is derived from the names of the acquired parameters (VELocity and COncentration) and shall be hereafter referred to as VELCO. After having validated and performed an error assessment of this technique, it is applied to an investigation of full-scale car park (30 m x 30 m x 2.6 m – Gent / WFRGENT) fire cases in chapter 3. The measurements were carried out with the financial support of IWT-SBO program. In the full-scale measurements only the velocity part is applied of VELCO, yet it can be considered as its application since the special data treating was developed and implemented in the Rabon (see: §2.1.2) program, which is the software of the new technique along with Tucsok (see: §2.1.1) and they will be both discussed in the related chapter. Here it is enough to mention that the concentration and velocity information can be obtained independently as well. During the full-scale measurements, beyond of VELCO the smoke back-layering distances (SBL) are also derived from the temperature values, which were measured by thermocouples under the ceiling in the midline of the car park. The critical velocity, which is an important measure of fire safety, can be obtained from the SBL results. In chapter 4, isothermal fire modeling is surveyed in order to present how full-scale fires are modeled in small-scale. In this part of the study the theory of fire related formulae and an isothermal model are described. Here it is important to stress the fact that the fire modeling is not directly related to the VELCO technique. However it connects the full-scale to the small-scale measurements, which the technique is applied on. Chapter 5 discusses small-scale measurements (1:25 – Rhode Saint Genese / VKI) on the car park introduced in chapter 3 and their validation. After the validation, more complex car parks scenarios are also investigated due to the easy to change layout in the small-scale model with respect to the full-scale car park. In this chapter the smoke back-layering distances are obtained by VELCO. Finally, in chapter 6 important conclusions are drawn with the objective of increasing fire safety.

Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

35

Polok, Jiří. "Analýza kritických míst v silniční dopravě ve vybraném regionu - Frýdecko-Místecko". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232648.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

This master thesis analyses the critical places on the road I/11 in the Frydek-Mistek region in the stretch Ropice-Bystrice. The aim of this master thesis is to suggest the organization and building arrangements, which raise the safety of the traffic in the chosen dangerous places. The suggested arrangemetns are chosen so that they could be used in pratice.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

36

Chodurová, Zuzana. "Problematika odborné způsobilosti řidičů motorových vozidel k provozu na pozemních komunikacích ČR". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233056.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

The theme of this master’s thesis is The Issue of the Competence of Drivers of Motor Vehicles to Drive on the Roads of the Czech Republic. It includes an analysis of the current state legislative requirements for obtaining professional qualifications of drivers, health qualification and improves their professional competence for the purposes of professional competence and analysis of selected specific road safety. In light of the findings was performed the analysis of traffic accidents in the Czech Republic. Based on the analysis of traffic accidents was the practical part of a questionnaire survey and proposals aimed at improving safety on the roads.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

37

Ridelberg, Mikaela. "Towards safer care in Sweden? : Studies of influences on patient safety". Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Avdelningen för hälso- och sjukvårdsanalys, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-127307.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Patient safety has progressed in 15 years from being a relatively insignificant issue to a position high on the agenda for health care providers, managers and policymakers as well as the general public. Sweden has seen increased national, regional and local patient safety efforts since 2011 when a new patient safety law was introduced and a four-year financial incentive plan was launched to encourage county councils to carry out specified measures and meet certain patient safety related criteria. However, little is known about what structures and processes contribute to improved patient safety outcomes and how the context influences the results. The overall aim of this thesis was to generate knowledge for improved understanding and explanation of influences on patient safety in the county councils in Sweden. To address this issue, five studies were con-ducted: interviews with nurses and infection control practitioners, surveys to patient safety officers and a document analysis of patient safety reports. Patient safety officers are healthcare professionals who hold key positions in their county council’s patient safety work. The findings from the studies were structured through a framework based on Donabedian’s triad (with a contextual element added) and applying a learning perspective, highlight areas that are potentially important to improve the patient safety in Swe-dish county councils. Study I showed that the conditions for the county councils’ patient safety work could be improved. Conducting root-cause analysis and attaining an organizational culture that encourages reporting and avoids blame were perceived to be of importance for improving patient safety. Study II showed that nurses perceived facilitators and barriers for improved pa-tient safety at several system levels. Study III revealed many different types of obstacles to effective surveillance of health care-associated infec-tions (HAIs), the majority belonging to the early stages of the surveillance process. Many of the obstacles described by the infection control practi-tioners restricted the use of results in efforts to reduce HAIs. Study IV of the Patient Safety Reports identified 14 different structure elements of patient safety work, 31 process elements and 23 outcome elements. These reports were perceived by patient safety officers to be useful for providing a structure for patient safety work in the county councils, for enhancing the focus on patient safety issues and for learning from the patient safety work that is undertaken. In Study V the patient safety officers rated efforts to reduce the use of antibiotics and improved communication be-tween health care practitioners and patients as most important for attaining current and future levels of patient safety in their county council. The patient safety officers also perceived that the most successful county councils regarding patient safety have good leadership support, a long-term commitment and a functional work organisation for patient safety work. Taken together, the five studies of this thesis demonstrate that patient safety is a multifaceted problem that requires multifaceted solutions. The findings point to an insufficient transition of assembled data and information into action and learning for improved patient safety.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

38

Krbeček, Petr. "Vůz pro transport odlitků". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231091.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

The diploma thesis deals with the construction design of rail mounted transfer cars. The first of the designed cars is equipped with the electrical drive and the second is non-driven and must be towed or pushed. This thesis contains description of main components of the transfer cars and their implementation. The next section deals with original construction design of the transfer cars. The thesis includes functional calculation of travel wheels, the design and check of the travel unit and the strength calculation of the connecting pin. Conclusion of the thesis deals with the strength analysis of the transfer car frame using the finite element method. The required technical drawings are attached to the thesis.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

39

Zemánek, Lukáš. "Analýza a srovnání dopravní nehodovosti České republiky, Norska a Finska". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232592.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

The master‘s thesis deals with accidents in road transport in the Czech Republic, Norway and Finland. It includes analysis and comparison of accident rates in those states, an overview of accidents in recent years, legislative requirements and trends in this area and then based on analysis of current proposals includes measures to increase safety in road transport.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

40

McHenry, Kristen L. "Safety and Patient Care". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2537.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

41

McHenry, Kristen L. "Safety & Patient Care". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5443.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

42

Höhne, Hans-Georg. "goG - die Neue Urbane Mobilität". Thelem Universitätsverlag & Buchhandlung GmbH & Co. KG, 2021. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A75928.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Es wird ein umfassendes Verkehrskonzept für das urbane Umfeld beschrieben, welches durch den neuen kollaborativen Fahrzeugtyp mit dem Namen goG [go 'dschi] ermöglicht wird. Fahrzeuge dieses Typs können sich nahtlos im bestehenden Straßenverkehr eingliedern, ohne dass daran Anpassungen vorzunehmen sind. Auf Grund seiner kollaborativen Fähigkeiten können goGs aber auch zu Konvois des ÖPNVs formiert werden und annähernd 80% der im Vergleich für PKWs benötigten Parkplatzfläche einsparen. Des weiteren befähigen sie das goG in voller Fahrt von der Straße an eine über der Straße verlaufenden Umlaufseilbahn zu wechseln. Ein gittergleiches Netzwerk solcher Seilbahnen erlaubt das automatische Durchrouten von goGs 6 Meter über dem Straßenniveau, bei einer konstanten Geschwindigkeit von 50 km/h. An Seilbahnknotenpunkten werden durch Manipulatoren die goGs in voller Fahrt von einer Seilbahn in die vorgesehene nächste Seilbahn umgehängt. Durch hängebrückenartige Aufhängung der Umlaufseilbahnen oberhalb bestehender Straßenzüge werden keine zusätzlichen Flächen benötigt. Der Durchsatz einer Fahrbahn vergrößert sich durch die darüber geführte Umlaufseilbahn um mehr als das Doppelte. Ein autonomes Fahren bei maximal 6km/h zur nächsten goG-Linie des ÖPNV bzw. Seilbahn führt zu einer Vielzahl von Synergieeffekten.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

43

Novák, Jan. "Analýza návrhových prvků okružních křižovatek v závislosti na nehodovost". Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-390280.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

The dissertation deals with the analysis of roundabout design elements and their impact on accidents. The analysis objective was to identify the important elements of roundabouts that have impact on accidents. In order to achieve this goal, the multifactorial statistical safety assessment method was used on the basis of a representative sample of data, by developing several safety performance functions, verifying them and interpreting the result. Several design elements, which from the point of view of the traffic accident mechanism belong to the infrastructure factor, have been identified: AADT, average diameter, entrance width, entry angle, direct passage angle, location and many others. The original sample contained about 1200 roundabouts, which were reduced to 200 based on data availability. Accident frequencies were monitored between 2009 and 2016, i.e. for eight years, resulting in total 2674 roundabouts accidents. The result is an accident prediction model, developer based on roundabout approach design elements, and map of critical roundabouts, identified based on empirical Bayes estimate of accident frequency. Following approach parameters were identified: AADT, entry angle, distance between collision points, deviation of angles between approaches, presence of apron, presence of bypass, entry type, presence of pedestrian crossing and surrounding area type.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

44

Foster, Paula. "Champions of cultural safety : an exploration of how cultural safety can be implemented as a routine aspect of health care". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/62470.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Background: This study explores the perspectives of Champions of Cultural Safety and will potentially contribute to an Aboriginal Health team’s knowledge development of a current pilot project on Indigenous Cultural Competency transformation. This study identified healthcare providers (HCPs) who are Champions of Cultural Safety and explored their experiences practicing culturally safe care in their hospital. This study is timely given the current commitment to cultural safety and cultural humility in health services within the BC Tripartite Framework Agreement. Conducted with the guidance of the health authority’s Aboriginal Health Team, this inquiry may also assist HCPs in taking a cultural safety approach when providing healthcare in the face of ongoing racism and discrimination towards Indigenous people in healthcare and society. Methods: Using an exploratory, ethnographic, qualitative research design, recruitment began with Aboriginal Patient Navigators (APNs) who identified health care providers representing Champions of Cultural Safety. Snowball sampling was used until 8 participants from a variety of health care disciplines were recruited. Semi structured, in depth interviews were conducted with the APNs, an Elder and HCPs. Post-colonial theoretical perspectives informed the analysis and overall inquiry. A thematic analysis was conducted using constant comparison methods. Findings: The key findings are: 1) The client and health care provider relationship is the cornerstone of cultural safety (CS), 2) The organizational strategies to support CS are insufficient in the current, pervasive and conventional biomedical, organizational context, 3) Structural barriers to CS persist in the colonial context. These findings demonstrate the complexities and intersections of the HCP/client relationship, the organizational strategies to support CS and the current systemic barriers constraining the participants’ abilities to provide CS care. Discussion: The findings prompt three discussion areas: 1) The client and health care provider relationship is the cornerstone of CS, for both the client and health care provider when analyzed from a CS lens, 2) Many key characteristics of the hospital and wider health care context conflicts with a CS approach to care, 3) Structural violence characterized by racism and discrimination exists within the hospital environment, demonstrating a need for organizational interventions to address the continued Indigenous health inequities.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Nursing, School of
Graduate

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

45

Chmelíček, Daniel. "Srovnání analýz dopravní nehodovosti České republiky, Dánska a Švédska". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232591.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

This work deals with the analysis of traffic car-accidents in the Czech Republic, Sweden and Denmark. Excepting the analysis, it contains basic information and evaluation. Then in the final part is also given a proposal of measures to reduce car-accidents in the Czech Republic.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

46

Franc, Šimon. "Vliv prvků aktivní bezpečnosti vozidel na prevenci dopravních nehod". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232738.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

This diploma thesis focuses on effects of active vehicle safety on the prevention of traffic accidents. In the introductory section, the term of active safety is defined and divided into four categories. In next four chapters, the particular elements of active safety are described in more detail and some selected elements are described in depth. Chapter seven includes a questionnaire; it enquires opinions of people about some of the elements of active safety. Practical road tests were conducted as part of this work. Theirs description and evaluation are in the last chapters.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

47

Troncoso, Vergara Carolina. "Drugs and driving in New Zealand : an approach to THC culpability /". The University of Waikato, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2477.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

For years statistical analysis has been applied to different areas of the natural and applied sciences to determine the degree of confidence that can be placed in research results. This work is a good example of how statistics can be applied to toxicology to enable conclusions and inferences to be made about important areas of interest such as the drugs and driving situation in New Zealand. Two thousand uninjured drivers (Study 1) who had provided an evidential blood alcohol sample, were also tested for cannabis, methamphetamine, benzodiazepines and morphine to determine the incidence of drug use by drinking drivers. To determine the proportion of drivers killed in car crashes who had used drugs and/or alcohol, two hundred and twenty nine fatally injured drivers (Study 2) were tested for alcohol, cannabis, methamphetamine, morphine, benzodiazepines and neutral and basic medicinal drugs that might have an effect on driving performance. Alcohol, cannabis and their combination were found to be the most prevalent drugs used by drivers. The analytical methodologies used were developed and validated by the Institute of Environmental Science and Research Ltd., where this work was carried out. These techniques involved liquid-liquid and liquid-solid extractions, immunoassays and chromatographic techniques for screening and confirmation assays. The statistical analysis of the results was done under the supervision of the Institute's biostatistician. An approach to cannabis culpability, intended to elucidate the role of this drug in car crashes, was applied to the Study 2 results. The number of samples collected during one year of research was not sufficient to enable statistically robust conclusions to be drawn. Cannabis use is illegal in New Zealand but drugs (different to alcohol) are not regularly tested at the roadside. This work as part of a cross-departmental project titled Drinking and drugged driver control: delineating the problem is expected to support the establishment of strategies designed to reduce the road toll and possibly include the screening of non-alcohol drugs in serious and fatally injured drivers.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

48

Plachý, Štěpán. "Bezpečnost vybraného výrobního uzlu automatizované linky pro výrobu automobilových karosérií". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-443212.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

This master’s thesis deals with the safety of a selected production node of an automated body production line. The first part is focused on a recherche of relevant directives by the Council and the European parliament. Follows a systems analysis of a solving issue and description of the production line. In the next part of the thesis, there is an accomplished analysis of harmonized standards in the safety of the production line. Furthermore, there is made hazard identification, risk estimation and risk assessment. The last part of the thesis is focused on a variants creation of safety of a workplace, technical-economic consideration of variants and computations for a final variant of the workplace.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

49

Clark, Olga L. "COMPLIANCE WITH SAFETY PRACTICES AMONG NURSES: EXPLORING THE LINK BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONAL SAFETY CLIMATE, ROLE DEFINITIONS, AND SAFE WORK PRACTICES". Connect to this title online, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1143231038.

Testo completo

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

50

Siddiqui, Deeba. "The Impact of Daily Safety Huddles on Safety Culture". Thesis, Grand Canyon University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10153342.

Testo completo

Abstract (sommario):

Death from medical error at time of writing is the third leading cause of the death in the United States. Creating a world where patients and those who care for them are free from harm is the priority in the patient safety movement. A strong culture of prioritizing safe practices is the foundation for safe patient care; this culture can be developed and maintained by the implementation of daily safety huddles. By engaging the team in safety behaviors to achieve the goal of reducing preventable patient harm, daily safety huddles have the potential to impact the safety culture at both the unit and organizational level. Daily safety huddles are deliberate, intentional, purposed conversations in a non-punitive environment from the leader with their team about safety events, concerns, and needs so that situational awareness is created, the team has a shared mental model, and resources can be assigned to reduce the risk of potential events of harm to patients, families, and the health care team. This change project evaluated the impact of daily safety huddles on unit-level safety culture as measured by the Safety Organizing Scale (SOS) survey which is based on the principles of high reliability utilizing a pre-posttest quantitative design. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the characteristics of the inclusive of gender, race, age, experience level, and educational level. Results indicated an overall increase in mean scores from the pre-test to the post-test for all behavioral indices of safety culture with the exception of one question describing handoff communication. A statistically significant positive difference was noted between groups with p = .03 for the SOS question on discussion of mistakes and how to learn from them as a result of huddle implementation. Thus, the implementation of huddles demonstrated a clinically significant improvement in unit level safety culture and a statistically significant improvement in one domain.

Gli stili APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO e altri

Tesi sul tema "Car safety"

Cita una fonte nei formati APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard e in molti altri stili