Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Capitalisme minier"
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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Capitalisme minier":
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Massé1, Pauline. "Des instruments (insuffisants) pour gouverner les critiques adressées au « renouveau minier » en France métropolitaine. Une articulation autour des référentiels de l’environnement et du territoire". Revue Gouvernance 18, n. 2 (13 ottobre 2021): 110–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1082504ar.
Abstract (sommario):
Les vives contestations rencontrées par la politique de renouveau minier en France métropolitaine s’inscrivent dans la montée en puissance des mobilisations territoriales et environnementales, témoin de l’essoufflement de la gouvernance des projets industriels et d’aménagement. Définies comme un problème d’acceptabilité sociale, elles ont mené les acteurs de cette politique à la mise en place d’instruments destinés à gouverner les critiques qui lui sont adressées. Cet article analyse trois de ces types d’instruments (participatif, sociométrique, communicationnel) et met en lumière les référentiels sous-jacents qui en émergent : le territoire et l’environnement. L’échec des instruments participatifs met à jour l’inconciliabilité des positionnements entre la société civile d’une part, puis les acteurs administratifs et productifs d’autre part, et mène à la persistance des logiques néocorporatistes dans la gouvernance des ressources minérales. L’appréhension de plus en plus fine du territoire et de la diversité du monde social qu’opèrent les instruments sociométriques s’est également révélée insuffisante pour la meilleure acception des projets miniers. Si les effets des instruments communicationnels nécessitent quant à eux d’être appréhendés dans le temps long, on peut spéculer sur leur faible impact sur les contestations du renouveau minier, du fait de leurs particularités. Ainsi, les instruments de gouvernement de la critique ne s’attaquent pas au paradigme économique (capitaliste et extractiviste) qui sous-tend l’industrie minière, tandis que les critiques sont justement fondées sur la remise en cause profonde de l’extractivisme (en tant que modèle économique basé sur l’extraction des ressources et en tant que régime politique d’accaparement des biens communs).
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Rivera, Francisco. "Soroche, rébellion et capitalisme". Anthropologie et Sociétés 46, n. 1 (15 agosto 2022): 173–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1091317ar.
Abstract (sommario):
L’histoire récente du Chili est liée à l’exploitation minière. Dans les régions du nord du pays, l’expansion minière a généré de profondes transformations environnementales et des changements sociaux dans les communautés autochtones qui habitent ces régions. À travers une série de vignettes, j’explore les camps miniers abandonnés d’Ollagüe, une communauté quechua située dans les hautes terres (puna) du nord du Chili. Les ruines de l’industrie du soufre permettent d’explorer l’histoire profonde de ces changements socioéconomiques. Je propose une exploration des vibrances volcaniques, les volcans étant compris ici comme des espaces culturels de production minière, comme des espaces naturels qui témoignent des changements et des impacts de l’industrie du soufre et comme des entités vivantes dont la rébellion contre la domestication humaine a façonné la sociabilité entre la communauté locale et eux.
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Dupuis, Jean-Pierre. "Le développement minier en Abitibi: les projets des colons". Recherche 34, n. 2 (12 aprile 2005): 233–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/056769ar.
Abstract (sommario):
L'auteur montre que le développement de l'Abitibi n'est pas seulement l'échec de l'idéologie et du projet agriculturistes prônés par les élites traditionnelles et la réussite de l'idéologie et des projets capitalistes promus par les entrepreneurs nord-américains dans les domaines minier et forestier. Il est aussi le résultat des projets des colons engagés dans l'aventure abitibienne. L'analyse montre que ceux-ci ont pu réaliser leurs propres objectifs même dans les communautés censées être complètement soumises à l'ordre industriel. Le cas du développement minier et de deux communautés minières sert de toile de fond à cette démonstration.
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Troude-Chastenet, Patrick. "Surpoids et course à la minceur". Études octobre, n. 10 (22 settembre 2015): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/etu.4220.0029.
Abstract (sommario):
L’individu moderne est soumis à des injonctions contradictoires : alors que le capitalisme consumériste invite les plus privilégiés à s’adonner aux plaisirs de la bonne chère tout en condamnant les moins fortunés à une alimentation industrielle riche en graisses, sucre et sel, la société technicienne inculque à tous ses membres une éthique ascétique fondée sur la course à la minceur.
5
Gagnon, Jean. "Les migrations populaires des travailleurs autochtones du Nord de la Saskatchewan : symbole et réalité de l’intégration des indigènes." Cahiers de géographie du Québec 32, n. 86 (12 aprile 2005): 151–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/021953ar.
Abstract (sommario):
Les migrations pendulaires constituent un moyen de plus en plus répandu d'intégration de la main-d'oeuvre autochtone aux projets miniers et pétroliers du Nord du Canada. Cet article cherche à comprendre les causes de ce phénomène. L'analyse procède d'une étude du scénario d'implantation d'un tel mode de gestion et, notamment, des intérêts impliqués et des circonstances qui ont favorisé sa mise en place. L'étude se démarque des perspectives dualistes de la géographie humaine du Nord canadien. Elle propose une interprétation qui tient compte de l'interaction entre le capital, l'État et les indigènes dans les cadres d'une société capitaliste occidentale en expansion dans ses zones frontalières.
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Chang, Julia Haeyoon. "Petrified". Journal of Literary & Cultural Disability Studies 18, n. 1 (2 febbraio 2024): 35–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/jlcds.2023.44.
Abstract (sommario):
Set in a rural mining town in nineteenth-century Spain, Benito Pérez Galdós’s novel Marianela enfolds a complex mediation on the relationship between humans ( bios ) and stones ( geos ) in the wake of industrial modernization. At the heart of this natural world are Marianela, an unsightly lumpen-proletariat, her blind bourgeois companion Pablo, and Celipín, a child miner, all raised in proximity to a zinc sulfate mine and all compared to the geological matter of the earth. Working at the intersection of disability studies, ecocriticism, and theories of biopolitics, the article examines the relationship between disability and rurality. The novel’s unconventional treatment of disabled and socially marginalized characters as human stone sheds light on a process the article terms petrification: the mutual debilitation of the bodies of nature and human bodies, exploited by capitalism and ableism alike.
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Cardoso Júnior, Hamilton Matos, e Divina Aparecida Leonel Lunas. "PANORAMA E CONSOLIDAÇÃO DO SETOR MINERAL EM GOIÁS". Revista Cerrados 14, n. 01 (19 marzo 2020): 96–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.22238/rc24482692v14n12016p96a124.
Abstract (sommario):
Atualmente, ano de 2014, o estado de Goiás é o terceiro maior extrator de minérios do país, possuindo sua produção ancorada nos processos produtivos industriais. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a dinâmica do setor mineral em Goiás, apresentando seu desenvolvimento e consolidação sobre as bases da indústria da extração mineral. Este estudo apresenta-se no formato de uma pesquisa exploratória e quantitativa, por meio da qual apresentaremos o panorama do setor mineral em Goiás com vistas a compreender a dinâmica do setor e subsidiar com informações futuros estudos. Para a realização deste trabalho procedeu-se à pesquisa bibliográfica (técnica e teórica), por meio de consulta a estudos com referência ao assunto; tabulação e mapeamento de dados. Por meio desta pesquisa, podemos perceber a importância das ações estatais para a consolidação do setor mineral em Goiás no modo de produção capitalista em larga escala, fortalecendo a presença do capital mineral internacional e nacional no mapa da mina estadual.
Palavras-chave: Mineração; Goiás; (Re)surgimento; Capital Minerador.
PANORAMA AND CONSOLIDATION OF THE MINERAL SECTOR IN GOIÁS
Abstract
Currently, in 2014, the state of Goiás is the third largest in the country mineral extractor, having its production ancorada in industrial production processes. This work aims to analyze the dynamics of the mining sector in Goias, with its development and consolidation on the basis of the mining industry. This study is presented in the form of an exploratory and quantitative research, where we will present the outlook for the mining sector in Goiás in order to understand the dynamics of the sector and support with future information studies. To carry out this work proceeded to the literature (technical and theoretical), through consultation studies with reference to the subject; tabulation and data mapping. Through this research, we can realize the importance of State actions for the consolidation of the mineral sector in Goiás in the capitalist mode of production on a large scale, strengthening the presence of international and national mineral capital of the state road map.
Keywords: Mining; Goiás; (Re)emergence; Capital Miner.
PANORAMA Y CONSOLIDACIÓN DEL SECTOR MINERAL EN GOIÁS
Resumen
En la actualidad, el año 2014, el estado de Goiás es lo tercero extractor de minerales en el país, con su producción ancorada en procesos de producción industrial. Este trabajo pretende analizar la dinámica del sector mineral en Goiás, mostrando su desarrollo y consolidación sobre la base de la industria de extracción de minerales. Este estudio se presenta en forma de investigación exploratoria y cuantitativa, donde presentaremos el resumen del sector minero en el estado de Goiás, a fin de comprender la dinámica de la industria y subvencionar com información estudios futuros. Para llevar a cabo este trabajo se procedió a la investigación bibliográfica (teórica y técnica), mediante la consulta de los estudios referente a la materia; y ficha de asignación de datos. A través de esta investigación, podemos comprender la importancia de acciones del Estado para la consolidación del sector mineral en Goiás en el modo capitalista de producción a gran escala, fortalecer la presencia del capital mineral nacional e internacional en el mapa de la mina del estado.
Palabras-clave: Minería; Goiás; (Re)aparición; Capital Minero.
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Picon Alt, Júlio, Mauren Buzzatti, Ana Monteiro Costa e Saritha Denardi Vattathara. "Expansão da mineração carbonífera no Rio Grande do Sul e a crise de valor do capitalismo contemporâneo: Uma análise socioeconômica do EIA/RIMA da Usina Termelétrica Nova Seival nos assentamentos da reforma agrária em Candiota e Hulha Negra". AMBIENTES: Revista de Geografia e Ecologia Política 3, n. 2 (21 dicembre 2021): 251–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.48075/amb.v3i2.28237.
Abstract (sommario):
Neste trabalho, compreendemos a expansão da fronteira extrativista minerária no Rio Grande do Sul à luz do movimento atual do capital, vinculando a crise de sobreacumulação do capitalismo à decorrente intensificação da acumulação por despossessão, tendo o land grabbing como um dos seus principais ajustes tempo-espaço. Nosso objetivo consistiu em apontar as contradições e ameaças sobre os territórios dos agricultores assentados em Hulha Negra e Candiota-RS, considerando os sujeitos diretamente atingidos pelo empreendimento, bem como o impacto sobre o processo de reterritorialização como um todo na região, levando em consideração a dinâmica de mobilização e desmobilização de mão-de-obra e os impactos nas estruturas públicas dos municípios. Por meio de revisão teórica marxista e demais fontes secundárias, analisamos criticamente o EIA/RIMA (2020) apresentado pela empresa proponente. Para subsidiar a pesquisa, também foram realizadas entrevistas por ligações e reuniões virtuais com moradores e representantes das organizações locais, levando em conta i) a Geração de expectativas e incertezas na população; ii) Mobilização e desmobilização de mão-de-obra; iii) Pressão e interferências sobre infraestruturas e serviços públicos; iv) Dinamismo na economia; v) Aumento/diminuição de arrecadação municipal, entre outros. Considerando os impactos sobre os assentamentos, a geração de energia por meio de matéria-prima já rejeitada e os danos ambientais já encontrados na região causados pela mineração do carvão pretérita, identificamos que esse empreendimento não se vincula ao desenvolvimento sustentável local, mas ao land grabbing tão importante à acumulação por despossessão. Palavras-chave: extrativismo; crise de valor do capital; acumulação por despossessão; Assentamentos rurais; Land grabbing. Abstract In this paper, we understand the expansion of the mining extractive industry’s frontier in Rio Grande do Sul (the southernmost state in Brazil) in light of the current movement of the capital, linking the overaccumulation crisis in capitalism to the resulting intensification of accumulation by dispossession, where land grabbing plays a major role in its time-space adjustments. Our goal is to point out the contradictions and threats on the territories of the peasants settled in two municipalities (Hulha Negra and Candiota), considering the subjects directly affected by the undertaking, as well as the impact on the re-territorialization process as a whole in the region, taking into consideration the dynamics of mobilizing and demobilizing labor force and the impacts in the public structures of the municipalities. Through a Marxist Theoretical review and secondary sources, we critically analyze the EIA/RIMA (2020) presented by the proposing company. To support the research, interviews were also conducted through calls and virtual meetings with residents and representatives of local organizations, taking into account i) the generation of expectations and uncertainties in the population; ii) Mobilization and demobilization of labor; iii) Pressure and interference on infrastructure and public services; iv) Dynamism in the economy; v) Increase/decrease in municipal collection; between others. Considering the impacts on the settlements, the generation of energy through raw material that has already been rejected and the environmental damage already found in the region caused by past coal mining, we identified that this undertaking is not linked to local sustainable development, but to land grabbing that is so important to the accumulation by dispossession. Keywords: extractivism; capital value crisis; accumulation by dispossession; rural settlements; land grabbing. L'espansione delle miniere di carbone minerale nel Rio Grande do Sul e la crisi del capitalismo contemporaneo: Un’analisi socioeconomica dello EIA/RIMA della centrale termoelettrica Nova Seival negli insediamenti di riforma agraria in Candiota e Hulha Negra Astratto In questo articolo analisiamo l'espansione della frontiera estrattiva mineraria nel Rio Grande do Sul alla luce dell’attuale movimento di capitale, congiungendo la crisi di sovraaccumulazione del capitalismo alla conseguente intensificazione dell'accumulazione per espropriazione, avendo il fenomeno land grabbing come uno dei suoi principali aggiustamenti spazio-temporali. Il nostro obiettivo era di evidenziare le contraddizioni e le minacce sui territori degli agricoltori insediati nei lotti in Hulha Negra e Candiota-RS, considerando i soggetti direttamente impattati dall'impresa, nonché l'impatto sull’intero processo di ri-territorializzazione nella regione, portando a considerare le dinamiche di coinvolgimento e smobilitazione del lavoro e gli impatti sulle strutture pubbliche nei comuni. Con una rassegna teorica marxista e altri dati di campo, analizziamo criticamente lo EIA/RIMA (2020) presentata dall’impresa proponente. A supporto della ricerca sono state realizzate interviste tramite call e incontri virtuali con residenti e rappresentanti delle organizzazioni locali, tenendo conto i) della generazione di aspettative e incertezze nella popolazione; ii) Surgimento e smobilitazione del lavoro; iii) pressioni e interferenze su infrastrutture e servizi pubblici; iv) Dinamicità nell'economia; v) Aumento/diminuzione della riccetta comunale; tra altri. Considerando gli impatti nei lotti di riforma agraria, la generazione di energia attraverso materie prime già scartate e i danni ambientali già riscontrati nella regione causati dalle attività estrattive del carbone fossile passate, abbiamo identificato che questo progetto non è coerente allo sviluppo sostenibile locale, ma al land grabbing che è il fenoeno importante per l’accumulazione per espropriazione. Parole-chiave: estrattivismo; crisi del valore del capitale; accumulazione per espropriazione; lotti agricoli; land grabbing.
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Porto, Marcelo Firpo de Souza, e Diogo Rocha. "Neoextrativismo, garimpo e vulnerabilização dos povos indígenas como expressão de um colonialismo persistente no Brasil". Saúde em Debate 46, n. 133 (aprile 2022): 487–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-1104202213317.
Abstract (sommario):
RESUMO O artigo, em forma de ensaio, defende que as ameaças de vulnerabilização mais recentes contra os povos indígenas, intensificadas no contexto da pandemia de Covid-19, refletem um colonialismo persistente. Este se atualiza no contexto da inserção semiperiférica do Brasil no sistema-mundo capitalista, neoliberal e globalizado como exportador de commodities produzidas pelos dois setores estratégicos do neoextrativismo, a mineração e o agronegócio. O modelo neoextrativista beneficia principalmente grupos transnacionais e elites nacionais com grande poder econômico e político, além do próprio setor financeiro. Além disso, estabelece conexões com o submundo dos circuitos inferiores e ilegais vinculados a setores como o garimpo, e incluem desde práticas de violência até a lavagem de dinheiro com a participação de grupos locais que, nos últimos tempos, vêm assumindo crescente poder político e institucional. Tais grupos fazem parte do complexo mosaico do fortalecimento de ideologias de extrema-direita nos últimos anos no cenário nacional, que vêm reunindo alianças. O artigo tem por base experiências de pesquisa colaborativa nos últimos anos com o povo Munduruku na região do Médio Tapajós, com reflexões sobre a atual expansão de agenda política anti-indígena.
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Hall, Greg. "The Fragility of Coal Miner Unionism in Gilded Age America - Dana M. Caldemeyer Union Renegades: Miners, Capitalism, and Organizing in the Gilded Age. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2021. viii + 231 pp. $110.00 (cloth), ISBN 978-0252043505; $30.00 (paperback), ISBN 978-0252085406." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 20, n. 4 (ottobre 2021): 573–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537781421000529.
Tesi sul tema "Capitalisme minier":
1
Galaz-Mandakovic, Damir. "Inclusions, transformations et asymétries du capitalisme minier sur la cote d'Atacama : les dérives de la production thermoélectrique a Tocopilla (Chili) 1914-2015)". Thesis, Rennes 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN20069.
Abstract (sommario):
La thèse a pour objet de décrire, caractériser et analyser le nouveau scénario développé à Tocopilla (Chili) pour l’installation d’une puissance pour alimenter les mines de cuivre à Chuquicamata et de salpêtre dans l’Atacama par des capitaux américains. Létude porte sur l’inclusion, la transformation et les dérives du capitalisme minier, ayant développé diverses asymétries qui ont frappé la population jusqu’a aujourd´hui, ce qui transforme la ville en un pôle technologique, génerant de relations coloniales avec la population, faisant de Tocopilla une périphérie étudiée sous l’influence de l’État en raison d’une économie coloniale qui a profondément affecté l’environnementThe thesis aims to describe, characterize and analyze the new scenario that was developed in Tocopilla (Chile) by means of the installation of a thermo power station to energize the copper mining in Chuquicamata and the mining of nitrate in the Atacama desert through american capitals. The inclusion, transformation and derivations of mining capitalism are studied. They developed numerous asymmetries that impacted the population until the present time. Converting the settlement into a technological pole, establishing colonial relations with the population and establishing Tocopilla in a periphery by the influence of the State, due to the effect of a colonial economy that deeply affected the environment
La tesis tiene como objetivo describir, caracterizar y analizar el nuevo escenario que se desarrolló en Tocopilla (Chile) por la instalación de una termoeléctrica para energizar la minería de cobre en Chuquicamata y la minería del salpetre en el desierto de Atacama a través de capitales estadounidenses. Se estudia la inclusión, la transformación y las derivaciones del capitalismo minero que desarrolló diversas asimetrías que impactaron profundamente a la población hasta el tiempo presente, tornando al poblado en un polo tecnológico, estableciéndose relaciones coloniales con la población, además de constituir a Tocopilla en una periferia ante la influencia del Estado por efecto de una economía colonial que afectó profundamente al medio ambiente
2
Yeckting, Vilela Fabiola. "Mineralizar la vida. Antropología histórica del ambiente, los conflictos sociales y el desarrollo en las Américas : el caso del proyecto minero Las Bambas en el territorio sur andino del Perú (2004-2018)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023EHES0037.
Abstract (sommario):
La perspective des conflits miniers et des processus de développement qu’assume cette thèse, part du principe que les acteurs ne sont pas statiques : plutôt, qu’ils sont pourvus d’une densité historique autant qu’ils subissent des changements drastiques qui se manifestent en deux dimensions. À court terme, dans le moment précis où les événements se produisent ; et à long terme, c’est-à-dire, de durée moyenne et longue au fil du temps, ce qui aide à configurer des cycles et des processus historiques. J’ai cherché à aborder le sujet à travers l’analyse de cas, et les couches historiques : modernité initiale des XVIII et XIXe siècle ; puis, développementisme de l’emphase extractive des XXe et XXIe siècles dans les Amériques. Puis, le contexte des années 1990 pour analyser les conflits miniers emblématiques du Pérou, jusqu’à arriver à l’étude de cas du projet minière Las Bambas de 2004 à 2018.La question et l’objectif principal de la présente thèse doctorale est : quelle est la relation entre environnement, conflits miniers et processus de développement au Pérou ? À partir de cette question centrale, je précise que les discours sur les modèles de développement au Pérou incorporent des conceptions du développement qui entrent en relation avec l’idée de tirer profit des ressources naturelles par le biais d’investissements et de leur rente, de façon subordonnée à l’activité minière – ce qui devient un discours et une pratique officielle dans le cadre d’une nouvelle dynamique productive. Les significations de l’environnement entrent en relation avec leur capacité de subventionner les processus de développement minier, de telle sorte que les possibilités de prise de décision sur la nature et de mise en œuvre de modalités de production locale s’en trouvent limitées ; tout comme se trouvent fragilisées les institutions garantes du droit à un environnement sain et équilibré.Cette thèse propose de revenir sur la trajectoire historique des processus de transformation politique et territoriale du département d’Apurímac et des provinces de Grau et Cotabambas, pour ensuite aborder la manière dont la concession du projet minier Las Bambas s’y insère. L’étude de cas de cette thèse est une chronologie du projet Las Bambas, à partir de laquelle je montre comment se manifestent les impacts environnementaux et sociaux provoqués par l’exploitation des métaux entre 2004 et 2018 dans la province de Cotabambas en Apurímac, et au Pérou. A partir de l’information collectée sur la dynamique du conflit, je montre comment la question environnementale et les transformations territoriales restent subordonnées ou invisibles dans les propositions, qui priorisent la rentabilité et la croissance économique dans le développement local.La thèse remet en question l’idée que les conflits miniers ne seraient conditionnés que par la distribution et la gestion des bénéfices dérivés de l’exploitation et de la production minière. Elle montre que les conditions favorables au fonctionnement des projets miniers s’articulent à la dégradation, à l’épuisement et au fractionnement de l’accès à la terre, à l’eau et à l’air, qui « minéralisent » et qui scindent les relations sociales et culturelles, et la vie communautaire, en tant que caractéristique de la condition extractive dans les régions minièresThe perspective of mining conflicts and development processes in this research is that the protagonists are not static, but have both historical density and dramatic changes that happen in two dimensions; in the short term, at the current moment in which the events occur; and, in the long term, namely, of long and medium duration through time, which helps to configure historical cycles and processes. A nearness to the subject has been sought through an analysis of cases by historical layers, early modernity from the 18th to the 19th centuries; and, later neoliberal development of the 20th and 21st centuries in the Americas. Next, the 90s context to analyze the emblematic mining conflicts in Peru, till reaching the study case Las Bambas mining project from 2004 to 2018.The main question and aim of this thesis research are to answer: What is the relationship among the environment, mining conflicts and development processes in the country? Based on this principal question, I specify that the discourses on the development models in the country include conceptions of development that are related to the idea of taking advantage of natural resources through investments and their income. So that, therefore, the possibilities of making decisions about nature and promoting ways of production of local populations are limited, just as the institutions guarantee the right to a healthy and balanced environment are weakened.In the third part of the thesis, I make a historical review of the political and territorial transformation processes of the department of Apurímac and Grau and Cotabambas provinces, in order to address how Las Bambas mining project concession is inserted in them. The case study of this thesis is the timeline of Las Bambas project, from which I prove how the environmental and social impacts generated by the exploitation of metals occur between 2004 and 2018 years, in Cotabambas province in Apurimac, Peru. From them on the information collection about the conflict’s dynamics, I show how the environmental issue and territorial transformations keep subordinated or invisible in the proposals, where profitability and economic growth are prioritized in local development.The thesis cast on doubt on the position that mining conflicts are just conditioned by the distribution and administration of the benefits obtained from mining exploitation and production. In it, I show that the conditions that support the operation of mining projects are connected to the deterioration, depletion, and fragmentation of access to ground, water and air, which permeates "mineralizes", and as well divides social and cultural relationships, and community life, like an extractive condition characteristic in the mining areas where it operates
La perspectiva de los conflictos mineros y los procesos de desarrollo que asume esta tesis supone que los actores no son estáticos sino que están dotados de una densidad histórica en la medida en que experimentan cambios drásticos que se manifiestan en dos dimensiones. A corto plazo, en el momento preciso en que ocurren los hechos; y largo plazo, es decir, mediano y largo plazo en el tiempo, lo que ayuda a configurar ciclos y procesos históricos. Busqué abordar el tema a través del análisis de casos y capas históricas: la modernidad inicial de los siglos XVIII y XIX; luego, el desarrollismo del énfasis extractivista de los siglos XX y XXI en las Américas. Luego, el contexto de la década de 1990 para analizar los conflictos mineros emblemáticos del Perú, hasta llegar al caso de estudio del proyecto minero Las Bambas de 2004 a 2018.La pregunta y objetivo principal de esta tesis doctoral es: ¿cuál es la relación entre medio ambiente, conflictos mineros y procesos de desarrollo en el Perú? Partiendo de esta cuestión central, puntualizo que los discursos sobre los modelos de desarrollo en el Perú incorporan concepciones de desarrollo que se relacionan con la idea de aprovechamiento de los recursos naturales a través de inversiones y su renta, de manera subordinada a la actividad minera –que se convierte en discurso y una práctica oficial en el marco de una nueva dinámica productiva. Los significados de medio ambiente se relacionan con su capacidad para subsidiar los procesos de desarrollo minero, por lo que se limitan las posibilidades de toma de decisiones sobre la naturaleza e implementación de los modos productivos locales; así como se debilitan las instituciones que garantizan el derecho a un medio ambiente sano y equilibrado.Esta tesis propone retomar la trayectoria histórica de los procesos de transformación política y territorial del departamento de Apurímac y las provincias de Grau y Cotabambas, para luego abordar la forma en que se encuadra en ella la concesión del proyecto minero Las Bambas. El caso de estudio de esta tesis es una cronología del proyecto Las Bambas, a partir del cual muestro cómo se manifiestan los impactos ambientales y sociales provocados por la explotación de metales entre los años 2004 y 2018 en la provincia de Cotabambas en Apurímac, y en el Perú. A partir de la información recabada sobre la dinámica del conflicto, muestro cómo el tema ambiental y las transformaciones territoriales quedan subordinados o invisibilizados en las propuestas, que priorizan la rentabilidad y el crecimiento económico en el desarrollo local.La tesis cuestiona la idea de que los conflictos mineros sólo están condicionados por la distribución y gestión de los beneficios derivados de la explotación y producción minera. Muestra que las condiciones favorables para el funcionamiento de los proyectos mineros están vinculadas a la degradación, agotamiento y fragmentación del acceso a la tierra, el agua y el aire, que “mineralizan” y escinden las relaciones sociales, culturales y la vida comunitaria, como característica de la condición extractiva en las regiones mineras
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Barroso, Elaine Aparecida Laier. "Modernização e higienismo: controle sanitário e gesto político-científica na Manchester Mineira (1891-1906)". Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2008. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/2923.
Abstract (sommario):
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No processo de transição para as relações capitalistas no Brasil houve a difuso de um ideário científico e modernizador, em que a Medicina Sanitária, pautada nos modelos vigentes na Europa, foi parte significante ao propor uma drástica intervenção no espaço público, a fim de promover a salubridade e a organização dos centros urbanos. Juiz de Fora constitui uma amostragem deste empreendimento que vigorou nos grandes centros nos primeiros anos da República. Juiz de Fora então se destacava no contexto da Zona da Mata e do Estado por seu poder econômico. Tal posição era vista como incoerente com o crescimento urbano desordenado que vinha ocorrendo no município. O anseio das elites locais centrava-se na implantação de um projeto sanitário modernizante através da Câmara Municipal, que pudesse situar o município no rol das grandes cidades, sendo fundamental para tanto a reestruturação urbana com vistas contenção das epidemias e o embelezamento da cidade. No intuito de atingir estas finalidades, a Câmara Municipal de Juiz de Fora retoma o plano sanitário instituído no período imperial e, com o apoio da Sociedade de Medicina e Cirurgia, o reorganiza a partir dos postulados científicos em voga no Rio de Janeiro. Amparados no aparato legal criado, as autoridades sanitárias fiscalizavam, intimavam e multavam intensamente os citadinos. Estes, por sua vez, reagiram de forma velada ao movimento sanitário, procurando esquivar-se das medidas profiláticas e das multas aplicadas que intervinham diretamente em seu modus vivendi. As práticas sanitárias ocorridas em Juiz de Fora revelam-se bastante similares aquelas desenvolvidas nas cidades do Rio de Janeiro e de São Paulo, ainda que a primeira se localize no interior do Estado e no tenha a mesma proeminência das capitais.
During transition processes for the capitalism relationship in Brazil an idea of scientific and modern diffusion, where Sanitary Medicine, guided on European models, was significant part to propose a drastic intervention on public space, to promote the salubrious and the organization of city centers. Juiz de Fora is a sample of this development that happens on biggest city centers on first years of Brazilian republic. So, Juiz de Fora stands out on Zona da Mata and on whole state because of its economic power. Such position was observed as incoherent within its disorientate urban growing that was happening specially on town. Yearning for an implementation of modern sanitary project by the local elite through town council, that could set the town on big cities status, been necessary for so an urban restart aiming for an epidemics contention and to make city beautiful. Aiming into achieve those goals, Juiz de Fora town council retakes sanitary plan instituted on imperial age and, with Medicine and Surgery Society support, reorganizes using habits and customs from Rio de Janeiro. Based on legal apparatus created for, the sanity authorities supervise, intimidate and constantly set fees on local people. These, by their way, react to sanitary appeal, trying to avoid the prophylactic action and the high fees applied that interferes directly on its modus vivendi- way to live. The sanitary practices that occurs in Juiz de Fora reveals very similar to those ones developed on Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo, even that firstone been placed inn the state and didn’t had same importance as statescapitals.
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Lourenço, Luis Augusto Bustamante. "Das fronteiras do Império ao coração da República: o território do Triângulo Mineiro na transição para a formação sócio-espacial capitalista na segunda metade do século XIX". Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-04062007-144149/.
Abstract (sommario):
Este trabalho tem por objetivo compreender a transição, ocorrida no território do Triângulo Mineiro, Minas Gerais, nas últimas quatro décadas do século XIX, de uma economia e sociedade organizadas com base em estruturas herdadas do Antigo Regime para o capitalismo. A hipótese desse trabalho é a de que a transição de um modo de produção para outro corresponde a mudanças estruturais nas configurações territoriais, paisagens, redes e técnicas, caracterizando nova formação sócio-espacial. Foram analisadas as transformações ocorridas na configuração territorial, com ênfase na regionalização e rede urbana; na estrutura fundiária, em especial a distribuição e mercantilização de terras; a transição da escravidão para o trabalho livre; as mudanças nos sistemas técnicos e a dinâmica do espaço urbano. Inventários post mortem, recenseamentos, mapas e material colhido em trabalhos de campo, além de vasta literatura foram utilizados como fonte deste estudo, que se fez na perspectiva da geografia regional e da geografia histórica.This paper aims to understand the transition occurred in Triângulo Mineiro´s territory, Minas Gerais, in the last four decades of 19th century, from an economy and society based on inherited structures of the Ancient Regime to the capitalism. This research proposes that the transition from a production method to another corresponds to structural changes in the territorial shape, landscape, networks, and techniques, which led to a new socio-spatial formation. All the changes were analyzed considering the regional arrangements and the urban network. Also the land structure, specially concerning the land distribution and mercantile process, the slavery status to free work, the transformations undergone in the technical systems and in the urban space dynamic were all considered. Post mortem estates, censuses, maps and collected material in fieldworks, as well as a vast literature were used as study sources. This paper was written from the regional geography and the historical geography perspectives.
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González, Cortés Luis Adrián Andrés. "Carneando animales, azufre y llareta. Acercamiento etnográfico a procesos de expansión capitalista en la Puna de San Pedro de Atacama, siglo XX". Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/152340.
Abstract (sommario):
Antropólogo SocialLa expansión del capitalismo en el siglo XX, trajo consigo una serie de actividades industriales que se articularon en diversos lugares. En la segunda región de Antofagasta, encontramos Chuquicamata, minera de cobre de la empresa Guggenheim Bros., de capitales norteamericanos. Al iniciar su ciclo productivo en 1915 comenzó a articular un mercado productivo que necesitaba de ciertas materias primas. En ese contexto, en los aparentes silenciosos cerros de la Puna de Atacama, ubicados en la misma región, se encontraban dos materias primas que serían claves para algunas funciones de Chuquicamata, estas eran: azufre y llareta
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Medeiros, Pereira Evelyne. "Cooperação e hegemonia na dinâmica do capitalismo contemporâneo: a cooperação agrícola e organização política dos trabalhadores rurais na Lagoa do Mineiro/Ceará". Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2011. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/9227.
Abstract (sommario):
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Previous issue date: 2011Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
O trabalho analisa as contradições existentes no processo de cooperação na produção, orientado pela perspectiva da cooperação agrícola - desenvolvido pelos trabalhadores rurais vinculados ao Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra - MST no Ceará. Isso a fim de investigar se esse processo tem contribuído para a construção de uma nova hegemonia de classe através do fortalecimento da organização política e de outra visão de mundo dos produtores no estado. Para tanto, o percurso teórico-metodológico demandou a delimitação do universo empírico a partir da realidade cearense, representado pelo Assentamento Lagoa do Mineiro, localizado no município de Itarema, mediante alguns critérios de seleção estabelecidos no processo da pesquisa. A partir da luta pela terra, os trabalhadores que vivem e trabalham na Lagoa do Mineiro há quase 26 anos têm modificado as relações sociais instituídas no local antes da desapropriação da terra, construindo uma forma particular de organização econômica e política. No entanto, no período mais recente, essa organização tem apresentado grandes dificuldades e dilemas aos produtores e ao próprio MST. Assim, assumimos o desafio de refletir sobre os determinantes e as mediações que circunscrevem os processos de cooperação nos marcos das relações pautadas pelo antagonismo entre capital e trabalho. Considera-se fundamental identificar as particularidades da formação social do Brasil e, mais precisamente, do Nordeste, o que demanda compreender, a partir de uma leitura crítica, o caráter da luta de classes no país. O intuito foi perceber a realidade local dentro de uma totalidade, caracterizada pela dinâmica capitalista, que exige cada vez mais a parcialidade e conformismo dos que produzem, reforçando, por intermédio do Estado, a contra-reforma agrária. Esta, com forte caráter da modernização conservadora , oferece políticas pobres para pobres , de um lado, e, de outro, grande incentivo a expansão do agronegócio no campo brasileiro. Para alcançar os objetivos propostos, a utilização de alguns instrumentais foi fundamental para nosso estudo, tais como: pesquisa bibliográfica, análise documental e entrevista semi-estruturada. Isto mediante a realização da pesquisa de campo. Por fim, ressaltamos que o pressuposto orientador de todo o processo de pesquisa foi a concepção de que as experiências de cooperação na produção daqueles que vivem de seu trabalho caminham entre os avanços e retrocessos implicados sob as contradições de uma sociedade nos marcos do capital
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Lesutis, Gediminas. "The politics of precarity and global capitalist expansion : the case of mining, dispossession and suffering in Tete, Mozambique". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-politics-of-precarity-and-global-capitalist-expansion-the-case-of-mining-dispossession-and-suffering-in-tete-mozambique(45c727c0-ac82-4995-8fc0-a1af85c73b99).html.
Abstract (sommario):
This thesis asks how neoliberal enclavisation produces precarity. It focuses on eight months of fieldwork on large-scale dispossession of rural and peri-urban populations caused by the coal mining enclave in Tete, Mozambique, and my interpretation of Judith Butler's work on precarity, Henri Lefebvre's conceptualisation of the production of capitalist social space and Jacque Ranciere's understanding of politics. Bringing theory and empirical research together, I construct an original theoretical approach to explore how precarity as a condition of life, as well as the (im)possibility of politics, is constituted by contemporary capitalist expansion in Mozambique. I explore how precarity is produced through the interplay of structural, symbolic and direct violence of contemporary capitalist expansion, such as the coal mining enclave and resettlement sites inhabited by the dispossessed populations, in Tete. These processes of precarisation, I argue, result in the non-politics of abandonment that, whilst enabling life to be lived on precarious terms at the margins of the neoliberal mining enclave, does not openly challenge and only unwillingly reinforces the socio-material order of the neoliberal enclave. I demonstrate how this dynamic reconstitutes the precarity created by the violence of the neoliberal enclave and overshadows possibly different and progressively anti-neoliberal imaginaries of life and space in Tete. I conclude that these dynamics of precarity disactivate the possibility of transformative politics, and thus sustain and stabilise global capitalist expansion in Tete, and Mozambique more broadly. This reading of precarity makes several contributions to the literatures on the politics of precarity. It explores the condition of precarity outside the usual empirical and analytical focus of labour relations in the Global North, as well as developing a spatial reading of precarity. The thesis also challenges these, as well as broader literatures on agency in the context of structural inequalities and opportunities in Sub-Saharan Africa, for overestimating possibilities of resistance in situations characterised by extreme precarity. Finally, the thesis contributes to the literature on contemporary neoliberal capitalist expansion in Sub-Saharan Africa by demonstrating how neoliberal enclaves result in human suffering outside of their own exclusionary spaces of accumulation.
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Hansson, Ida, e Johan Elfstrand. "Tillämpningen av K-regelverken : En studie om mindre företag och valet mellan K2 och K3 i FoU-intensiva branscher". Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-19653.
Abstract (sommario):
Huvudsyftet med denna studie är att ta reda på om mindre onoterade aktiebolag som arbetar med forskning och utveckling valt att tillämpa K2- eller K3-regelverket. Delsyftet är att undersöka vilka faktorer som kan inverka på valet. En förhoppning med studien är att denna kan vara till hjälp för de företag som står inför valet mellan K2 och K3. I studien har en kvantitativ metod tillämpats. Empiriskt material har samlats in genom årsredovisningar, via databasen Retriever samt via kontakt med ansvarig person på företagen i urvalet. Insamlad data har sedan analyserats med hjälp statistiska analyser. Variabler som kan tänkas påverka valet av regelverk har tagits fram utifrån redan erkända teorier samt ur tidigare forskning. Variablerna presenterats i en a priori-modell. En undersökningsmodell har sedan utformats då alla tänkbara variabler ur den teoretiska referensramen inte är möjliga att undersöka på grund av metodval. Resultatet i denna studie visar på att övervägande del av företagen valt att tillämpa K3-regelverket trots att det är K2-regelverket som är det regelverk som rekommenderas för denna kategori av företag. Dessutom gjorde studiens tidsram det omöjligt att samla in fler årsredovisningar än de som inkom, detta gav ett stort bortfall som troligtvis påverkat studiens resultat. En liknande studie i höst skulle ge ett bättre empiriskt material och därmed förhoppningsvis ett generaliserbart resultat.The main objective of this study is to find out the reasons why small and limited companies working with R&D would decide to apply K2 or K3 regulations and to investigate what factors may influence that choice. One hope of the study, if completed successfully and thoroughly, is that it may serve as a guide in order to help companies faced with this choice. The study is based on a quantitative method. Empirical data was collected through annual reports, through the database, Retriever, and by having contact with the CFO. Further, the empiric data was analyzed using statistical analysis and the variables that could affect the choice of framework were found in acknowledged theories as well as previous research regarding accounting choices. The variables are presented in a “A priori-model”. A research model was formed since all possible variables from the theories could not be investigated due to methodological choices. The empirical data has been presented in the form of tables, charts and then discussed regarding previous research. The results of this study show that the majority of the companies decided to apply the K3 regulations, even though the K2 regulation were recommended for that category of company. In addition, the study's timeframe made it impossible to collect any more annual reports than what was received, this may affect the results of this study. A similar study in the fall would give better empirical data.
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Costa, Walber Carrilho da. "As relações de trabalho na indústria de carnes: um estudo de caso de mesorregião do Triângulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2005. http://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/2958.
Abstract (sommario):
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Previous issue date: 2005-06-16Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Abstract The present study seeks to contribute for a deeper in the quarrels discussions the labor relations in Brazil starting from the new productive processes from current flexible standard of capitalist accumulation model. For this, it is had as objective to study such relationships in an important sector for the national economy: the meats industry. A sector that, in spite of its importance, has been little studied with refers to the pertinent questions to the relationship between the capital, the work and the State. As geographic and timed clipping, it was opted to making a study in the Meso-region of the Triângulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba from the years of 1990. The basic hypothesis of the work is of that the impacts that the transformations in the organizations and the productive processes have on the labor relationships should not be considered from a determinist way, because they depends on the environment (economic, cultural, social and politician) in which they are inserted. This hypothesis was confirmed to the measure that if studied environments meso and micro-regulations of the labor relations in meat industry of the Triângulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba. What was observed is that, to that seems, this relation is much more fragile. Also, this can be the clarifying factor of the great investments that have occurred in the region in this industry. Of this form, a change in the labor relation system of the country, of a standard legislated for one negotiated, does not have to be carried through without taking in consideration the great differences of being able of negotiation in the most diverse sectors and regions of the country. Without these considerations, the risk of a still bigger growth in the existing polarities already exist in the Brazilian's labor market.
O presente estudo busca contribuir para um maior aprofundamento nas discussões a respeito das relações de trabalho no Brasil a partir dos novos processos produtivos advindos com atual padrão flexível de acumulação capitalista. Para tal, tem-se como objetivo estudar tais relações em um setor importante para a economia nacional: a indústria de carnes. Um setor que, apesar de sua importância, tem sido pouco estudado no que tange às questões pertinentes ao relacionamento entre o capital, o trabalho e o Estado. Como recorte geográfico e temporal, optou-se por fazer um estudo na Mesorregião do Triângulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba a partir dos anos de 1990. A hipótese básica do trabalho é a de que os impactos que as transformações nas organizações e nos processos produtivos têm sobre as relações de trabalho não devem ser considerados de forma determinista, pois dependem do ambiente (econômico, cultural, social e político) no qual estão inseridas. Essa hipótese foi confirmada à medida que se estudaram os ambientes meso e micro-regulatórios das relações de trabalho na indústria de carnes no Triângulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba. O que foi observado é que, ao que parece, essa relação é muito mais frágil. Inclusive, esse pode ser o fator explicativo dos grandes investimentos que têm ocorrido na região nessa indústria. Desta forma, uma mudança no sistema de relações de trabalho do país, de um padrão legislado para um negociado, não deve ser realizado sem levar em consideração as grandes diferenças de poder de negociação nos mais diversos setores e regiões do país. Sem estas considerações, corre-se o risco de um crescimento ainda maior nas polaridades já existentes no mercado de trabalho brasileiro.
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Rivera, Amaro Francisco. "Espace social, matérialité et expansion capitaliste dans le Nord du Chili : les camps miniers du soufre, Ollagüe, XXe siècle". Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/25231.
Abstract (sommario):
Au Chili, le processus de modernisation qui, au début du XXe siècle, s'est traduit par l'expansion du capitalisme et de l'industrialisation a eu des répercussions économiques et sociales profondes. La culture matérielle associée aux industries minières modernes et leur influence sur les sociétés autochtones ont cependant fait l’objet de très peu d’études archéologiques. Cette thèse s’intéresse à l’exploitation du soufre dans la communauté autochtone quechua d’Ollagüe, située dans la région d’Antofagasta, au Nord du Chili. À partir de la fin du XIXe siècle, après la guerre chilienne contre le Pérou et la Bolivie (1879-1883), la région entama un long processus d'expansion capitaliste lié à diverses activités minières extractives. Les camps miniers, en tant que nouveaux centres de travail, ont fait appel à de nombreux produits, services et travailleurs, entraînant un vaste processus de migration et une augmentation de la population. Dispersées dans le paysage andin d'Ollagüe, à 4000 mètres d'altitude, les ruines de l'extraction minière du soufre témoignent des impacts de l'industrialisation et de l'expansion capitaliste dans la région. L’étude des transformations socioculturelles générées par l'exploitation minière industrielle dans la communauté locale est fondée, dans cette thèse, sur la documentation de trois camps miniers de soufre abandonnés – Buenaventura, Station Puquios et Santa Cecilia. J'explore leur histoire à travers l'étude de l'espace social et de la culture matérielle pour examiner l'identité des travailleurs miniers et de leurs familles, ainsi que leurs conditions de vie et de travail sur les hauteurs des volcans. Soulignant les spécificités de la modernisation et de l'expansion capitaliste du Chili, cette thèse aborde la culture matérielle industrielle en termes de continuités, de fragmentation et de ruptures. Elle vise à rendre visible et à valoriser la culture matérielle moderne associée aux industries minières du XXe siècle. Je soutiens que le processus de modernisation, les ruines industrielles et la culture matérielle du passé récent ont généré des espaces de mémoire qui sont aujourd’hui entrelacés avec les préoccupations contemporaines de la communauté autochtone locale.In Chile, the modernization process, which led to the expansion of capitalism and industrialization at the beginning of the twentieth century, had profound economic and social repercussions. However, the material culture associated with modern mining industries and their influence on indigenous societies suffers from a lack of archaeological studies. This dissertation focuses on twentieth century sulphur mining in the Quechua indigenous community of Ollagüe, located in the Antofagasta region of northern Chile. From the end of the nineteenth century, after the Chilean war against Peru and Bolivia (1879-1883), the region began a long process of capitalist expansion linked to various extractive mining activities. The mining camps, as new centers of work, generated a significant demand for products, services and labor, leading to a vast migration process and an increase in population. Studding the Andean landscape of Ollagüe, at 4,000 meters of altitude, the ruins of sulphur mining bear witness to the impacts of industrialization and capitalist expansion in the region. This dissertation examines the socio-cultural transformations generated by industrial mining in the local community through the study of three abandoned sulphur mining camps, Buenaventura, Station Puquios and Santa Cecilia. The vestiges of social spaces and material culture allow me to explore the identity of the mining workers and their families, as well as their living and working conditions on the heights of the volcanoes. Highlighting the specificities of Chile's modernization and capitalist expansion, this dissertation addresses industrial materiality in terms of continuity, fragmentation, and rupture. It aims to make visible and to valorize the modern material culture associated with the mining industries of the twentieth century. I argue that the process of modernization, industrial ruins and materiality of the recent past have generated spaces of memory that today are intertwined with the contemporary concerns of the local indigenous community.
En Chile, el proceso de modernización que se tradujo en la expansión del capitalismo y la industrialización a principios del siglo XX tuvo profundas repercusiones económicas y sociales. Sin embargo, la cultura material asociada a las industrias mineras modernas y su influencia en las sociedades indígenas adolece de estudios arqueológicos. Esta tesis se centra en la minería de azufre del siglo XX en la comunidad quechua de Ollagüe, situada en la región de Antofagasta, norte de Chile. A una altitud de 4.000 metros y dispersas en el paisaje andino de Ollagüe, las ruinas de la minería de azufre son testigos de los efectos de la industrialización y de la expansión capitalista. A partir de finales del siglo XIX, y después de la guerra del Pacífico que enfrentó a Chile, Perú y Bolivia (1879-1883), la región inició un largo proceso de expansión capitalista impulsado por diversas actividades mineras extractivas, siendo escenario de un vasto proceso migratorio. Los campamentos mineros, como nuevos centros de trabajo, dieron lugar a un aumento de la población y generaron una importante demanda de productos, servicios y mano de obra. Junto con el resto de la región, Ollagüe ha participado en este proceso de cambio demográfico y socioeconómico. Esta tesis explora tres campamentos mineros de azufre abandonados – Buenaventura, Estación Puquios y Santa Cecilia – examinando las transformaciones socioculturales que la irrupción de la minería industrial generó en la comunidad local. Exploro esta historia a través del estudio del espacio social y de la cultura material para examinar la identidad de los mineros y familias, sus condiciones de vida y trabajo en las alturas de los volcanes. Destacando las peculiaridades de la modernización y de la expansión capitalista en el norte de Chile, este trabajo aborda la materialidad industrial en términos de continuidad, fragmentación y ruptura. El objetivo es visibilizar y valorar la cultura material moderna asociada a las industrias mineras del siglo XX. Sostengo que el proceso de modernización, las ruinas industriales y la materialidad del pasado reciente han generado hoy en día espacios de memoria que se entrelazan con las preocupaciones contemporáneas de la comunidad indígena local.
Libri sul tema "Capitalisme minier":
1
Dumett, Raymond E. El Dorado in West Africa: The gold-mining frontier, African labor, and colonial capitalism in the Gold Coast, 1875-1900. Athens: Ohio University Press, 1998.
2
Worger, William H. South Africa's city of diamonds: Mine workers and monopoly capitalism in Kimberley, 1867-1895. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1987.
3
Lewis, Gwynne. The advent of modern capitalism in France, 1770-1840: The contribution of Pierre-Franc̜ois Tubeuf. Oxford [England]: Clarendon Press, 1993.
4
Turrell, Robert Vicat. Capital and labour on the Kimberley diamond fields, 1871-1890. Cambridge [Cambridgeshire]: Cambridge University Press, 1987.
5
Neuschatz, Michael. The golden sword: The coming of capitalism to the Colorado mining frontier. New York: Greenwood Press, 1986.
6
Gibbs, Terry. The failure of global capitalism: From Cape Breton to Colombia and beyond. Sydney, N.S: Cape Breton University Press, 2009.
7
Gibbs, Terry. The failure of global capitalism: From Cape Breton to Colombia and beyond. Sydney, N.S: Cape Breton University Press, 2009.
8
Gibbs, Terry. The failure of global capitalism: From Cape Breton to Colombia and beyond. Sydney, N.S: Cape Breton University Press, 2009.
9
Bowman, John R. Capitalist collective action: Competition, cooperation, and conflict in the coal industry. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
10
Kimble, Judith M. Migrant labour and colonial rule in Basutoland, 1890-1930. Grahamstown, South Africa: Institute of Social and Economic Research, Rhodes University, 1999.
Capitoli di libri sul tema "Capitalisme minier":
1
Farmer, Paul. "6. A39 International". In After the Miners’ Strike, 83–90. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0329.08.
Abstract (sommario):
Our European tour is radically different to A39’s barnstorming round Cornwall. We set off in Lucy’s battered Renault 12, the four of us packed inside with our clothes, costumes, instruments, two tents and camping gear. We take the ferry from Dover to Ostend and perform hit-and-run street theatre in cities on a path leading eastwards and southwards through Belgium, Germany, and Austria towards the Iron Curtain where western capitalism confronts Eastern Bloc. Each night we camp in the Rastplätze of the Autobahns. The nominal terminus on our outward journey is Budapest in Hungary, not because we have any illusions about the nature of the Soviet satellite system, but because we want to see it for ourselves. We learn a great deal about performance, about creativity and about A39. Besides performing in Budapest, we take the opportunity of secure accommodation to create new material before setting back on the road. Once more we pay our way through street performances to return to Cornwall to work on a new touring play; an intention we find ourselves forced to postpone….
2
Farmer, Paul. "9. Building the New Show". In After the Miners’ Strike, 105–18. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0329.11.
Abstract (sommario):
Brecht on Theatre becomes a significant influence at this time. In this A39 was moving against the structuralist/poststructuralist/postmodernist flow of academic fashion, but we have no connection with that world and it has no resonance in ours. Brecht, even more than McGrath, insisted that theatre is a virtuoso art. We identify A39 in Brecht’s description of Epic Theatre, and his description of the ‘V-Effekt’ encourages us to deal differently with the formulation and performance of protagonists. Brecht’s demands for ‘pedagogics’ brings him into conflict with McGrath, but experiences with the aspects of One & All! formally most influenced by McGrath bring us down firmly on Brecht’s side. This informs the conception of an aesthetic within which the new show will operate. The new play will be about the Industrial Revolution as embodied by the Cornish engineer Richard Trevithick, the inventor of the steam locomotive and many other innovations, and why his life ended in poverty and failure while others made fortunes from his works. We will use Trevithick’s story to demonstrate how capitalism came to be what it is and why its time must end.
3
Demuth, Bathsheba. "Grounding Capitalism". In Global History of Gold Rushes, 252–72. University of California Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520294547.003.0011.
Abstract (sommario):
This chapter, “Grounding Capitalism,” by Bathsheba Demuth, examines the Nome gold rush from 1898 to the early years of the twentieth century. It follows the thousands of miners who converged on Alaska’s Seward Peninsula, showing how their ideas about capitalism—should it favor individual or corporate enterprise?—intersected with geological context. It argues that the rush initially seemed to favor individual workers, as miners with little equipment could strike it rich by sifting gold from beach sand, but then the rush began to favor corporate capitalism by requiring expensive infrastructure and investments to mine in the hills and creeks. The case shows how people’s ideas set the possibilities, and how geology narrowed them by making corporate capitalism appear natural based on natural context.
4
"Illustrations". In Mining Capitalism, ix—x. University of California Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520957596-001.
5
"Acknowledgments". In Mining Capitalism, xi—xiv. University of California Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520957596-002.
6
"Introduction". In Mining Capitalism, 1–14. University of California Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520957596-003.
7
"Chapter 1. Colliding Ecologies". In Mining Capitalism, 15–52. University of California Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520957596-004.
8
"Chapter 2. The Politics of Space". In Mining Capitalism, 53–83. University of California Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520957596-005.
9
"Chapter 3. Down by Law". In Mining Capitalism, 84–126. University of California Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520957596-006.
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"Chapter 4. Corporate Science". In Mining Capitalism, 127–58. University of California Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520957596-007.
Atti di convegni sul tema "Capitalisme minier":
1
Dugué, Nicolas, Anthony Perez, Maximilien Danisch, Florian Bridoux, Amélie Daviau, Tennessy Kolubako, Simon Munier e Hugo Durbano. "A reliable and evolutive web application to detect social capitalists". In ASONAM '15: Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining 2015. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2808797.2808799.
2
Labatut, Vincent, Nicolas Dugue e Anthony Perez. "Identifying the community roles of social capitalists in the Twitter network". In 2014 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/asonam.2014.6921612.
3
Kelly, C., M. Cronin e B. R. Crawford. "How to Herd Cats: Developing a Playbook for Competitive Intelligence Gathering at Technical Conferences". In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/214916-ms.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract The purpose of this study is to help industry practitioners learn how to get the most benefit from attending technical conferences (organizing attendees to participate in the highest impact talks, maximizing vendor interactions, and using data analytics to identify prevailing technology trends and research partnerships). Using the SPE/AAPG/SEG Unconventional Resources Technology Conference (URTeC) as a case study, we illustrate a systematic approach to gather useful competitive intelligence information and communicate findings from a technical conference to various internal stakeholders (business units, research, laboratory). We utilize a hybrid approach involving statistical data mining and soliciting curated input from subject matter experts during the conference life-cycle (before, during, after). Our approach relies on easy-to-use templates for practitioners to apply the methods described in this paper. Broadly, our process flow is: (1) Identify important talks (2) Ensure proper attendance levels to cover key talks but not overload people (3) Synthesize the most important technical content (automated and human-derived) (4) Balance stakeholder needs (business versus centralized researchers) (5) Use data mining/data analytics to discover key technology and partnerships trends (6) Disseminate condensed learnings for business consumption. We found that our systematic approach maximized the value of attending URTeC with respect to the significant people-hours and direct financial costs invested in the effort because it simplified an otherwise unstructured and overwhelming effort (akin to herding cats) into a series of smaller more manageable decisions to enable a coherent dissemination of technical information to the business. Based on 5+ years of organized competitive intelligence gathering at URTeC, we recommend giving attendees (especially business and laboratory) more flexibility to interact with vendors/speakers. We resisted the temptation to "over-book" attendees with assigned talks and allowed almost two-thirds free time to capitalize on "day of" opportunities. The tangible outcomes of our "playbook" include the following: (1) Dominant technical topics (via text data mining) and their evolution through time (2) Paper "market share" plots vs time to track overall industry participation levels and identify the dominant conference participants (3) Affiliation mapping to identify partnerships (IOC's, universities, service companies, independents) (4) Efficient scheme to manage personnel time (w/ different objectives and priorities) (5) Communicating company benchmarking for key technology topics (value versus relative skill against competitors) (6) Templates/procedures that could be adapted for other technical conferences. We believe strategic coordination of conference attendance will benefit the broader industry and that sharing our URTeC "playbook" can aid companies in developing and improving their own conference participation. Increased budgetary scrutiny has encouraged streamlining of conference participation for competitive intelligence analysis. Our personal experience affirms the value of integrating partners such as library science professionals with technical experts for formal upstream technology benchmarking and competitive intelligence gathering via technical conferences.
4
Usher, James, e Pierpaolo Dondio. "BREXIT: Predicting the Brexit UK Election Results by Constituency using Twitter Location based Sentiment and Machine Learning". In 4th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2022). Academy and Industry Research Collaboration Center (AIRCC), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2022.121101.
Abstract (sommario):
After parliament failed to approve his revised version of the ‘Withdrawal Agreement’, UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson called a snap general election in October 2019 to capitalise on his growing support to ‘Get Brexit Done’. Johnson’s belief was that he had enough support countrywide to gain a majority to push his Brexit mandate through parliament based on a parliamentary seat majority strategy. The increased availability of large-scale Twitter data provides rich information for the study of constituency dynamics. In Twitter, the location of tweets can be identified by the GPS and the location field. This provides a mechanism for location-based sentiment analysis which is the use of natural language processing or machine learning algorithms to extract, identify, or distinguish the sentiment content of a tweet (in our case), according to the location of origin of said tweet. This paper examines location-based Twitter sentiment for UK constituencies per country and aims to understand if location-based Twitter sentiment majorities per UK constituencies could determine the outcome of the UK Brexit election. Tweets are gathered from the whisperings of the UK Brexit election on September 4th 2019 until polling day, 12th December 2019. A Naive Bayes classification algorithm is applied to assess political public Twitter sentiment. We identify the sentiment of Twitter users per constituency per country towards the political parties’ mandate on Brexit and plot our findings for visualisation. We compare the grouping of location-based sentiment per constituency for each of the four UK countries to the final Brexit election first party results per constituency to determine the accuracy of location-based sentiment in determining the Brexit election result. Our results indicate that location-based sentiment had the single biggest effect on constituency result predictions in Northern Ireland and Scotland and a marginal effect on Wales base constituencies whilst there was no significant prediction accuracy to England’s constituencies. Decision tree, neural network, and Naïve Bayes machine learning algorithms are then created to forecast the election results per constituency using location-based sentiment and constituency-based data from the UK electorate at national level. The predictive accuracy of the machine learning models was compared comprehensively to a computed-baseline model. The comparison results show that the machine learning models outperformed the baseline model predicting Brexit Election constituency results at national level showing an accuracy rate of 97.87%, 95.74 and 93.62% respectively. The results indicate that location-based sentiment is a useful variable in predicting elections.
5
Mask, Gene Michael, e Xingru Wu. "Deriving New Type Curves through Machine Learning in the Wolfcamp Formation". In SPE Reservoir Characterisation and Simulation Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/212624-ms.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Forecasting production from unconventional reservoirs is a slippery slope that could lead to unrealistic results even though a model has been history matched with production history and vetted by experienced engineers. The reasons for failing conventional decline curves lie in convoluting and heterogeneous reservoir properties, advancing drilling and completion techniques, and dynamic production and operations management. However, the initial rates, declining rate, and ultimate recovery of a well can be viewed as relatively static and predetermined properties of a declining profile. This paper will propose a machine learning-based framework to determine these properties for unconventional reservoir development. In the proposed algorithm, instead of directly data mining on the raw data from different categories and scales, we propose to convert these data into dimensionless variable groups to reduce the dimension of the problem. The dimensionless variables are developed using inspection analysis; most have physical meanings and are easy to upscale. In the case study, we used the production, completion, and petrophysical data to generate new type curves and developed a step-by-step process to explain the aspect of "engineering" code that incorporates physics into the machine learning (ML) process. Dimensionless variables are used in the machine learning process giving physical meaning and reducing the number of predictors, thus improving the speed and efficiency of the code. The results show that the quantity of cumulative oil production over time can be determined using machine learning models with R2 >= 0.90 for individual wells and R2>=0.80 for cross-validated cumulative production forecasts. We can use these determined values to assess the quality of initial rates, declining rates, and ultimate recovery to derive new type curves that incorporate physics and engineering practices. The work emphasizes the importance of accounting for completion parameters, fluid properties and rock quality, thus improving the confidence in results obtained through traditional engineering methods. The machine learning model results provide credibility and support to rates and recoveries for DCA forecasted wells. When modeling hundreds if not thousands of wells, this work shows the importance of utilizing machine learning to harness the power of the data that has been collected on them. The machine-learning-based declining profile is a promising technique and has some advantages over the classical methods based on averaging historical data. First, the determining parameters are highly scalable for newly drilled wells as the main input parameters are dimensionless variables derived from reservoir properties and well completions. Secondly, this algorithm explores not only the production data but also reservoir properties and completion data to capitalize on the advancing techniques.
Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Capitalisme minier":
1
Lee-Jeffs, Ann, e Joanna Safi. Textile Circularity and the Sustainability Model of New Mobility. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, marzo 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2024006.
Abstract (sommario):
<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The world is on a “take-make-waste,” linear-growth economic trajectory where products are bought, used, and then discarded in direct progression with little to no consideration for recycling or reuse. This unsustainable path now requires an urgent call to action for all sectors in the global society: circularity is a must to restore the health of the planet and people. However, carbon-rich textile waste could potentially become a next-generation feedstock, and the mobility sector has the capacity to mobilize ecologically minded designs, supply chains, financing mechanisms, consumer education, cross-sector activation, and more to capitalize on this “new source of carbon.” Activating textile circularity will be one of the biggest business opportunities to drive top- and bottom-line growth for the mobility industry.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph"><b>Textile Circularity and the Sustainability Model of New Mobility</b> provides context and insights on why textiles—a term that not only includes plant-based and animal-based fibers, but plastics as well—are contributing to overflowing landfills, polluted waterways, compromised access to clean water, loss of biodiversity and deforestation, and more. Additionally, it gives an overview of the current state of textile circularity, notable policy and regulatory trends, and how to leverage capabilities of the mobility sector, especially in decarbonization.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph"><a href="https://www.sae.org/publications/edge-research-reports" target="_blank">Click here to access the full SAE EDGE</a><sup>TM</sup><a href="https://www.sae.org/publications/edge-research-reports" target="_blank"> Research Report portfolio.</a></div></div>
2
Ghanim, Murad, Joe Cicero, Judith K. Brown e Henryk Czosnek. Dissection of Whitefly-geminivirus Interactions at the Transcriptomic, Proteomic and Cellular Levels. United States Department of Agriculture, febbraio 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7592654.bard.
Abstract (sommario):
Our project focuses on gene expression and proteomics of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) species complex in relation to the internal anatomy and localization of expressed genes and virions in the whitefly vector, which poses a major constraint to vegetable and fiber production in Israel and the USA. While many biological parameters are known for begomovirus transmission, nothing is known about vector proteins involved in the specific interactions between begomoviruses and their whitefly vectors. Identifying such proteins is expected to lead to the design of novel control methods that interfere with whitefly-mediated begomovirus transmission. The project objectives were to: 1) Perform gene expression analyses using microarrays to study the response of whiteflies (B, Q and A biotypes) to the acquisition of begomoviruses (Tomato yellow leaf curl (TYLCV) and Squash leaf curl (SLCV). 2) Construct a whitefly proteome from whole whiteflies and dissected organs after begomovirus acquisition. 3) Validate gene expression by q-RTPCR and sub-cellular localization of candidate ESTs identified in microarray and proteomic analyses. 4) Verify functionality of candidate ESTs using an RNAi approach, and to link these datasets to overall functional whitefly anatomical studies. During the first and second years biological experiments with TYLCV and SLCV acquisition and transmission were completed to verify the suitable parameters for sample collection for microarray experiments. The parameters were generally found to be similar to previously published results by our groups and others. Samples from whole whiteflies and midguts of the B, A and Q biotypes that acquired TYLCV and SLCV were collected in both the US and Israel and hybridized to B. tabaci microarray. The data we analyzed, candidate genes that respond to both viruses in the three tested biotypes were identified and their expression that included quantitative real-time PCR and co-localization was verified for HSP70 by the Israeli group. In addition, experiments were undertaken to employ in situ hybridization to localize several candidate genes (in progress) using an oligonucleotide probe to the primary endosymbiont as a positive control. A proteome and corresponding transcriptome to enable more effective protein identification of adult whiteflies was constructed by the US group. Further validation of the transmission route of begomoviruses, mainly SLCV and the involvement of the digestive and salivary systems was investigated (Cicero and Brown). Due to time and budget constraints the RNAi-mediated silencing objective to verify gene function was not accomplished as anticipated. HSP70, a strong candidate protein that showed over-expression after TYLCV and SLCV acquisition and retention by B. tabaci, and co-localization with TYLCV in the midgut, was further studies. Besides this protein, our joint research resulted in the identification of many intriguing candidate genes and proteins that will be followed up by additional experiments during our future research. To identify these proteins it was necessary to increase the number and breadth of whitefly ESTs substantially and so whitefly cDNAs from various libraries made during the project were sequenced (Sanger, 454). As a result, the proteome annotation (ID) was far more successful than in the initial attempt to identify proteins using Uniprot or translated insect ESTs from public databases. The extent of homology shared by insects in different orders was surprisingly low, underscoring the imperative need for genome and transcriptome sequencing of homopteran insects. Having increased the number of EST from the original usable 5500 generated several years ago to >600,000 (this project+NCBI data mining), we have identified about one fifth of the whitefly proteome using these new resources. Also we have created a database that links all identified whitefly proteins to the PAVEdb-ESTs in the database, resulting in a useful dataset to which additional ESTS will be added. We are optimistic about the prospect of linking the proteome ID results to the transcriptome database to enable our own and other labs the opportunity to functionally annotate not only genes and proteins involved in our area of interest (whitefly mediated transmission) but for the plethora of other functionalities that will emerge from mining and functionally annotating other key genes and gene families in whitefly metabolism, development, among others. This joint grant has resulted in the identification of numerous candidate proteins involved in begomovirus transmission by B. tabaci. A next major step will be to capitalize on validated genes/proteins to develop approaches to interfere with the virus transmission.