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Regina Jardim Pinto, Céli. "SAFFIOTI REVISITADA: a atualidade do enfrentamento entre feminismo e capitalismo". Caderno CRH 33 (22 dicembre 2020): 020026. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/ccrh.v33i0.37977.
Abstract (sommario):
<p class="Corpo">O artigo parte das teses do livro de Heleieth Saffioti “A Mulher na Sociedade de Classes” analisando a centralidade do capitalismo na opressão das mulheres e suas consequências na produção teórica feminista que defende a superação do capitalismo como essencial para a sua libertação. Está divido em quatro partes: na primeira expõe as teses de Saffioti informadas por um marxismo ortodoxo que não reconhece a luta feminista; na segunda, discute o encontro entre o marxismo e o feminismo na década de 1980; na terceira parte discute algumas teses de Nancy Fraser, mostrando sua trajetória de uma postura eclética a uma neomarxista; finalmente, na ultima parte, as questões discutidas nas três primeiras são trabalhadas de uma perspectiva pós estruturalista.</p><p class="Corpo"> </p><p class="Corpo">SAFFIOTI REVISITED: the topicality of the confrontation between feminism and marxism</p><p class="Corpo">The article departs from the theses of Heleieth Saffioti’s book “The woman in the Class Society” and analyzes the centrality of capitalism in the oppression of women and the consequences of this in the feminist theoretical scholarship that defends the overcoming of capitalism as essential for women’s liberation. It is divided into 4 parts: the first exposes Saffioti’s theses subsidized by an orthodox Marxism that does not recognize the feminist struggle; the second discusses the encounter between Marxism and feminism in the 1980s; the third part discusses some of Nancy Fraser’s theses, showing her trajectory from an eclectic to a neo-Marxist stance; finally, in the last part, the issues discussed are examined from a post structuralist perspective.</p><p class="Corpo">Keywords: Saffioti. Docial classes. Women. Feminism. Female work.</p><p class="Corpo"> </p><p class="Corpo">SAFFIOTI REVISITED: la confrontation actuelle entre féminisme et capitalisme</p><p class="Corpo">L’article part des thèses du livre d’Heleieth Saffioti “La femme dans la société de classe” et analyse la centralité du capitalisme dans l’oppression des femmes et les conséquences de cela dans la production théorique féministe qui défend le dépassement du capitalisme comme essentiel pour la libération des femmes. Il est divisé en 4 parties: dans la première, le texte expose les thèses de Saffioti cultivés par un marxisme orthodoxe qui ne reconnaît pas la lutte féministe; dans le second, il évoque la rencontre entre le marxisme et le féminisme dans les années 1980; dans la troisième partie, le texte discute certaines des thèses de Nancy Fraser, montrant sa trajectoire d’une position éclectique à une néo-marxiste; enfin, dans la dernière partie, les questions abordées dans les trois premières sont traitées dans une perspective post-structuraliste.</p><p class="Corpo">Mots-clés: Saffioti. Classes sociales. Femmes. Féminisme. Travail féminin.</p>
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Braga, Ruy Gomes, e Deni Alfaro Rubbo. "Dois mestres na periferia do capitalismo Michael Löwy e Mariátegui". Caderno CRH 31, n. 83 (24 gennaio 2019): 321–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/ccrh.v31i83.25022.
Abstract (sommario):
O objetivo deste artigo é discutir alguns dos desdobramentos da interpretação da teoria do desenvolvimento desigual e combinado do capitalismo, presente em várias passagens da obra de Michael Löwy, a fim de indicar sua importância para a renovação crítica do marxismo latino-americano. Para tanto, buscaremos avançar por três momentos: 1) em primeiro lugar, iremos apresentar os delineamentos gerais da teoria do desenvolvimento desigual e combinado na obra de Löwy; 2) na sequência, vamos destacar a importância do contexto histórico latino-americano entre os anos de 1959 e 1979 no esforço interpretativo e político de Löwy, balizado, sobretudo, pela atualização da teoria do desenvolvimento desigual e combinado; finalmente, 3) argumentaremos que a fecundidade da interpretação de Löwy, no tocante ao contexto latino-americano, advém de sua familiaridade com o pensamento do marxista peruano José Carlos Mariátegui.TWO MASTERS IN THE PERIPHERY OF CAPITALISM: Michael Löwy and MariateguiThe purpose of this article is to discuss some of the implications of the interpretation of the unequal and combined development theory of capitalism present in several passages of Michael Löwy’s work in order to indicate its importance for the critical renewal of Latin American Marxism. In order to do so, we seek to advance through three moments: 1) first, we will present the general outlines of the unequal and combined development theory in Löwy’s work; 2) in the sequence, we will highlight the importance of the Latin American historical context between the years 1959 and 1979 in the interpretive and political effort of Löwy, especially for updating the theory of uneven and combined development; finally, 3) we will argue that the fecundity of Löwy’s interpretation of the Latin American context stems from his familiarity with the thinking of the Peruvian Marxist José Carlos Mariátegui. Key words: Löwy. Mariátegui. Marxism. Sociology. Latin America.DEUX MAITRES DANS LA PERIPHERIE DU CAPITALISME: Michael Löwy et Mariategui Le but de cet article est de discuter de quelques-unes des implications de l’interprétation de la théorie du développement inégal et combiné du capitalisme présent dans plusieurs passages du travail de Michael Löwy afin d’indiquer son importance pour le renouveau critique du marxisme latinoaméricain.Pour faire ça, nous cherchons à avancer à travers trois moments: 1) d’abord, nous présenterons les grandes lignes de la théorie du développement inégal et combiné dans le travail de Löwy; 2) dans la séquence, nous soulignerons l’importance du contexte historique latino-américain entre les années 1959 et 1979 dans l’effort interprétatif et politique de Löwy, en particulier pour actualiser la théorie du développement inégal et combiné;enfin, 3) nous affirmons que la fécondité de l’interprétation du contexte latino-américain par Löwy découle de sa familiarité avec la pensée du marxiste péruvien José Carlos Mariátegui. Mots-clés: Löwy. Mariátegui. Marxisme. Sociologie. Amérique Latine.
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VALERO PACHECO, PERLA PATRICIA. "EL CARIBE Y EL NACIMIENTO DE LA ESCLAVITUD CAPITALISTA". Revista de la Academia 28 (1 dicembre 2019): 124–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.25074/0196318.0.1215.
Abstract (sommario):
Este trabajo analiza la obra Capitalismo y esclavitud del marxista negro Eric Williams, donde se retan las explicaciones tradicionales sobre el desarrollo del capitalismo al valorar el papel de la esclavitud colonial y la trata negrera. A partir del trabajo de Williams se esboza una interpretación sobre la esclavitud colonial como una nueva forma de esclavitud netamente capitalista forjada en un Caribe global.
Palabras claves: Caribe, esclavitud, capitalismo, Eric Williams, marxismo negro.
THE CARIBBEAN AND THE BIRTH OF CAPITALIST SLAVERY. NOTES ON THE BLACK MARXISM OF ERIC WILLIAMS
This work analyzes the book Capitalism and slavery by the black Marxist Eric Williams, where challenge traditional explanations about the development of capitalism when assessing the role of colonial slavery and the slave trade. Williams’s work outline an interpretation of colonial slavery as a new form of clearly capitalist slavery forged in a global Caribbean.
Key Words: Caribbean, Slavery, Capitalism, Eric Williams, Black Marxism.
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Angermuller, Johannes. "Culture et capitalisme : le renouveau marxiste de Fredric Jameson". La Pensée N° 416, n. 4 (31 dicembre 2023): 108–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/lp.416.0108.
Abstract (sommario):
Cet article propose un aperçu synthétique sur l’œuvre du théoricien marxiste de la culture Fredric Jameson. Revenant d’abord sur le parcours biographique de Jameson et sur son inscription dans le contexte des bouleversements qui affectent les sciences humaines aux États-Unis dans les années 1980, le texte présente ensuite le projet d’herméneutique marxiste développé par Jameson. Celui-ci propose de cartographier et de périodiser les tendances esthétiques du capitalisme contemporain, conçues comme un régime de représentation postmoderniste. Cet article place le marxisme jamesonien dans le contexte de l’essor des Cultural Studies et de la Theory, débat venant des humanités anglo-américaines, qui puise dans les courants théoriques européens tels que la théorie critique et le poststructuralisme.
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Dufour, Frédéric Guillaume, e Éric Pineault. "Quelle théorie du capitalisme pour quelle théorie de la reconnaissance ?" Articles 28, n. 3 (29 gennaio 2010): 75–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/039005ar.
Abstract (sommario):
Résumé Dans cet article, nous défendons la nécessité d’articuler les luttes pour la reconnaissance aux luttes pour l’appropriation. Nous effectuons d’abord un retour sur le déficit socioéconomique de la Théorie critique du capitalisme. Puis, nous tentons d’arrimer la problématique de la reconnaissance à une critique sociohistorique du capitalisme. Nous présentons comment Marx avait lié les questions du capitalisme, de l’accumulation et de la reconnaissance. Enfin, nous exposons des développements au sein du marxisme occidental qui nous paraissent plus aptes à développer les enjeux soulevés par la problématique de la reconnaissance dans le capitalisme avancé.
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Guillibert, Paul, Michael Löwy e Maxime Geny. "Un communisme du vivant". EcoRev' N° 55, n. 2 (28 dicembre 2023): 87–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ecorev.055.0087.
Abstract (sommario):
Les travaux de Paul Guillibert visent à élaborer une philosophie sociale et politique de la nature à partir d'une discussion entre marxisme et humanités environnementales. L’un de ses derniers ouvrages 1 est une tentative novatrice de fournir une base théorique aux luttes visant à préserver la biosphère et à protéger le vivant. Analysant, dans cette perspective, les écrits de Karl Marx, du sociologue de la culture anglais Raymond Williams et du marxiste péruvien José Carlos Mariategui, Paul Guillibert propose, contre la logique destructrice du capitalisme, un « communisme du vivant ». Dans cet entretien, nous lui demandons d'expliciter certains des arguments de son ouvrage.
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Singh, Nikhil Pal. "Le Marxisme noir et les antinomies du capitalisme racial". L'Esprit Créateur 64, n. 1 (marzo 2024): 53–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/esp.2024.a929204.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract: This article, originally published in English as a chapter in Colleen Lye and Chris Nealon's 2022 edited collection After Marx: Literature, Theory, and Value in the Twenty-First Century , charts a course through the tensions inherent to "racial capitalism" as a historically developing concept. Drawing Cedric Robinson into dialogue with the more Marx-friendly work of Stuart Hall, Singh revisits both figures' positions on the articulation of race and class. It is published as an accompaniment to Selim Nadi and Sophie Coudray's landmark translation of Marxisme noir , in hopes of encouraging further such efforts in the ongoing study of racial capitalism on both sides of the Atlantic.
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Labelle, Gilles. "Parcours de Claude Lefort : de l’« expérience prolétarienne » de l’« aliénation » à la critique du marxisme". Articles 34, n. 1 (23 aprile 2015): 17–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1030099ar.
Abstract (sommario):
Souvent négligée, l’étude de la pensée de Claude Lefort avant sa rupture avec le marxisme est cependant fondamentale pour comprendre son parcours politique et intellectuel. La thèse de cet article est que le noyau de cette pensée repose sur le couple de concepts « expérience prolétarienne » / « aliénation ». L’aliénation est définie par Lefort en référence à Hegel, à Marx, mais également à la socio-anthropologie (travaux d’Evans-Pritchard sur les Nuer). Ce sont les apories propres à l’expérience prolétarienne, qui à la fois est censée révéler le sens de l’aliénation dans le « capitalisme bureaucratique » et annoncer son dépassement, qui amènent Lefort à rompre avec le marxisme et à se tourner vers une pensée de la division originaire dont les fondements se trouvent selon lui dans l’oeuvre de Machiavel.
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Ramirez Kuri, Georgette, Thays K. S. Fidelis e Ayelén Branca. "Cambios y tendencias del capitalismo dependiente latinoamericano en la fase neoimperialista". Reoriente: estudos sobre marxismo, dependência e sistemas-mundo 2, n. 2 (19 agosto 2023): 166–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.54833/issn2764-104x.v2i2p167-191.
Abstract (sommario):
RESUMO Com o objetivo de contribuir para a compreensão da realidade social latino-americana na atual fase neoimperialista, retomamos as contribuições de Ruy Mauro Marini sobre o capitalismo dependente e sobre as transformações históricas dos padrões de reprodução do capital. Considerando a relação dialética entre dependência e imperialismo, a co-determinação entre Estado e capital e a crise estrutural capitalista como características do imperialismo, articulamos as teses da Teoria Marxista da Dependência sobre os tipos de desenvolvimento capitalista dependente e as distintas modalidades do padrão neoliberal. Defendemos a necessidade de mudanças estruturais para a transição a uma fase de superação da dependência.Palavras-chaves: capitalismo dependente; crise capitalista; neoimperialismo; neoliberalismo; Estado. RESUMENCon el fin de contribuir a la comprensión de la realidad social latinoamericana en la actual fase neoimperialista, retomamos los aportes de Ruy Mauro Marini sobre el capitalismo dependiente y las transformaciones históricas de los patrones de reproducción del capital. Considerando la relación dialéctica entre dependencia e imperialismo; la codeterminación entre Estado y capital, y la crisis estructural capitalista como característica del neoimperialismo, articulamos los planteamientos de la Teoría Marxista de la Dependencia sobre los tipos de desarrollo capitalista dependiente y las modalidades diferenciadas del patrón neoliberal. Planteamos la necesidad de cambios estructurales para transitar a una fase de superación de la dependencia.Palabras claves: capitalismo dependiente; crisis capitalista; neoimperialismo; neoliberalismo; Estado.ABSTRACTWith the aim to contribute to the understanding of the Latin American social reality in the current neo-imperialist phase, we return to Ruy Mauro Marini's contributions to dependent capitalism and the historical transformations of capital reproduction patterns. Considering the dialectical relationship between dependency and imperialism; the co-determination between the State and capital, and the capitalist structural crisis as a characteristic of neo-imperialism, we articulate the approaches of the Marxist Dependency Theory on the types of dependent capitalist development and the differentiated modalities of the neoliberal pattern. We raise the need for structural changes to move to a phase of overcoming dependency.Keywords: dependent capitalism; crisis of capitalism; neoimperilism; neoliberalism; State.
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Filgueiras, Luiz Antonio Mattos. "PADRÃO DE REPRODUÇÃO DO CAPITAL E CAPITALISMO DEPENDENTE NO BRASIL ATUAL". Caderno CRH 31, n. 84 (28 marzo 2019): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/ccrh.v31i84.26133.
Abstract (sommario):
<p>A Teoria Marxista da Dependência (TMD), com o objetivo de entender as formas de reprodução do capital, nas distintas formações econômico-sociais, em diferentes períodos históricos do desenvolvimento capitalista, construiu o conceito de Padrão de Reprodução do Capital (PRC), apoiada na conhecida forma geral do ciclo do capital industrial, que é, também, a forma do ciclo do capital-dinheiro – conforme formulado por Marx. Este texto discute o alcance e o limite desse conceito para a compreensão da formação econômico-social brasileira contemporânea. Aponta que, embora ele contribua para o entendimento de formações econômico-sociais concretas, seu nível de abstração não permite perceber diferenças importantes existentes entre elas – em especial as latino-americanas. Como consequência, propõe, de forma complementar e em um nível menor de abstração, o conceito de Padrão de Desenvolvimento Capitalista (PDC), devidamente redefinido, e que se refere apenas a uma formação econômico-social singular (única pela sua história).</p><p>CAPITAL AND CAPITALISM REPRODUCTION STANDARD DEPENDENT IN CURRENT BRAZIL</p><div><p>The Marxist Theory of Dependency (MTD), with the aim of understanding the ways in which capital is reproduced in different economic and social formations in different historical periods of capitalist development, constructed the concept of Capital Reproduction Pattern (CRP), supported in the known general form of the cycle of industrial capital, which is also the form of the money-capital cycle - as formulated by Marx. This text discusses the scope and limit of this concept for the understanding of contemporary Brazilian socio-economic formation. It is pointed out that, although it contributes to the understanding of concrete socio-economic formations, its level of abstraction does not allow to perceive important differences existing between them - especially the Latin American ones. As a consequence, it is proposed, in a complementary way and in a lower level of abstraction, the concept of a Capitalist Development Pattern (CDP), duly redefined, and which refers only to a unique socio-economic formation (unique in its history).</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Marxist Theory of Dependence; Dependent Capitalism; Capital Reproduction Pattern; Capitalist Development Pattern; Brazilian Economy</p></div><div><p class="trans-title">CAPITAL ET NORME DE REPRODUCTION DU CAPITALISME DEPENDANT DU BRESIL ACTUEL</p><p>La Théorie Marxiste de la Dépendance (TMD), dans le but de comprendre la façon dont le capital est reproduit dans différentes formations économiques et sociales dans différentes périodes historiques du développement capitaliste, a construit le concept de Modèle de Reproduction du Capital (MRC), soutenu dans la forme générale connue du cycle du capital industriel, qui est aussi la forme du cycle du capital-argent - tel que formulé par Marx. Ce texte discute la portée et la limite de ce concept pour la compréhension de la formation socio-économique brésilienne contemporaine. Il est souligné que, bien qu’il contribue à la compréhension de formations socio-économiques concrètes, son niveau d’abstraction ne permet pas de percevoir les différences importantes existant entre eux - en particulier les latino-américains. En conséquence il est proposé, d’une manière complémentaire et dans un niveau d’abstraction inférieur, le concept de Modèle de Développement Capitaliste (MDC), dûment redéfini, qui se réfère uniquement à une formation économique et sociale singulière (unique pour son histoire).</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Théorie Marxiste de la Dépendance; Capitalisme Dépendant; Modèle de Reproduction de Capital; Modèle de Développement Capitaliste; Économie brésilienne</p></div>
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Santana, Marco Aurélio. "UM MARXISMO DE AFINIDADES ELETIVAS: a aventura sociológica de Michael Löwy". Caderno CRH 31, n. 83 (24 gennaio 2019): 277–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/ccrh.v31i83.25021.
Abstract (sommario):
O presente artigo analisa o trabalho de elaboração de Michael Löwy sobre o conceito de “afinidades eletivas”, utilizado por Max Weber. Nesse sentido, busca apresentar os avanços por ele trazidos para uma maior definição do conceito e a operatividade de seu uso, bem como algumas das repercussões que indicaram seus possíveis limites em termos de elaboração e operação. Antes, à guisa de preâmbulo, o artigo faz uma apresentação do contexto sociológico de sua aparição mais conhecida, a partir do livro A ética protestante e o “espírito” do capitalismo (EPEC), de Max Weber, que serve de importante base de lançamento para os investimentos de Löwy.A MARXISM OF ELECTIVE AFFINITIES: the sociological adventure of Michael Löwy The article analyses the Michael Löwy’s work upon the concept of “elective affinity” used by Max Weber. We draw upon Löwy’s articles presenting his attempt to build an effective contribution to a more clear definition and use of the concept. The article points out some of the arguments put forward by his critics displaying what would be Löwy’s formulation limits. As an introduction we present the sociological context of the most famous appearance of the concept in the Max Weber’s book The protestant ethics and the “spirit” of capitalism which has been serving for Löwy’s research and developments. Keywords: Elective affinity. Michael Löwy. Max Weber. Protestant ethics. Social theory.UN MARXISME DES AFFINITES ELECTIVES: l’aventure sociologique de Michael Löwy L’article analyse le travail d’élaboration de Michael Löwy a propos du concept de “affinités électives”, utilisé par Max Weber. Dans ce registre, présente ses contributions pour une meilleur définition et opérativité de cet concept, ainsi que quelques répercutions qu’on indiqué ses possibles limites en termes d’élaboration et mise en travail. Avant, en guise de préambule, l’article fait une présentation du contexte sociologique de ses occurrences meilleur connu, a partir du livre L’étique protestante et l’esprit du capitalisme (EPEC), de Max Weber, que sert de base aux investissements réflexifs de Löwy. Mots-clés: Affinités électives. Michael Löwy. Max Weber. Éthique protestante. Théorie sociale.
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Castree, Noel. "Marxism and the logics of dis/integration". Human Geography 15, n. 1 (8 novembre 2021): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19427786211048212.
Abstract (sommario):
Marxism is a large and diverse body of thought that has weathered many storms over the last 150 years. While its explanatory and political relevance to today's world is enormous, Marxism lacks mass appeal and largely resides in universities (notably, the social sciences and humanities). While this is, in one sense, a sign of defeat, in another sense it's been productive insofar as it's offered exponents space and time to make sense of capitalism's ever-changing configurations. This article homes-in on classical Marxism and its enduring importance as a tool of analysis and political thinking. It focuses on the author's attempts to understand how the biophysical world is entrained in the dynamics of capital accumulation, especially during the period of neoliberal political economy that began around 35 years ago. Marxist geographers continue to offer important insights into capitalism in a more-than-capitalist world that is, nonetheless, utterly dominated by the contradictory logics of growth, economic competition, endless technological innovation, uneven development, accumulation by dispossession and crisis. For me, classical Marxism's attention to capitalism as an expansive ‘totality’ is critical, obliging us to attend to how different places, people and political projects are brought into a single, if exceedingly complex, universe. The article reflects on how the embrace of classical Marxism necessarily folds the professional into the personal, though in ways that inevitably highlight some of the contradictions that Marx and Engels identified. It's to be hoped that a new and talented generation of Marxist geographers will continue the work initiated 50 years ago by David Harvey and others. The article suggests that a key research frontier for Marxist geography is normative: what sorts of political visions and proposals will gain traction in a variegated yet tightly connected world where capitalism is so manifestly dangerous for people and planet?
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Osorio, Jaime. "SOBRE SUPEREXPLORAÇÃO E CAPITALISMO DEPENDENTE". Caderno CRH 31, n. 84 (28 marzo 2019): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/ccrh.v31i84.26139.
Abstract (sommario):
<p>Este artigo é uma crítica às teses que sustentam que Marx não teria deixado dúvidas de que a força de trabalho de nosso tempo é paga por seu valor, o que exigiria abandonar a categoria de superexploração. Aqui, procuramos mostrar que a violação do valor da força de trabalho é um problema inscrito na teoria marxista e presente em O Capital. Por outro lado, argumentamos sobre a relevância da noção de capitalismo dependente e seu significado para entender as particularidades desse capitalismo, que o separa das trajetórias e objetivos do capitalismo desenvolvido.</p><p><span>ABOUT SUPER- EXPLOITATION AND DEPENDENT CAPITALISM</span></p><div class="trans-abstract"><p>This article is a critique of the theories that sustain that Marx affirms that the labor force is paid for its value. Here we try to show that a violation of the value of the labor force is a problem inscribed in Marxist theory and present in <em>O Capital</em>. On the other hand, it argues about the importance of the notion of dependent capitalism and its meaning to understand its particularities that separate it from the traits and objectives of capitalism developed.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Superexplotation; Dependent capitalism; Capitalism patterns</p></div><div class="trans-abstract"><p class="sec"><span>SUR SUPEREXPLOTATION ET CAPITALISME DÉPENDANT</span></p><p>Cet article est une critique des théories qui soutiennent que Marx affirme que la force de travail est payée pour sa valeur. Nous essayons ici de montrer qu’uneviolation de la valeur de la force de travail est unproblèm einscrit dans la théorie marxiste et présent dans <em>O Capital</em>. D’autre part, il argumente sur l’importance de la notion de capitalisme dépendant et sa signification pour comprendre ses particularités qui le séparent des traits et des objectifs du capitalisme développé.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Superexplotation; Capitalisme dépendant; Modèles de capitalisme</p></div>
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Tchaïanov, Alexander V., Guillaume Fondu e Guillaume Fondu. "Qu’est-ce que la question agraire ?" Actuel Marx 75, n. 1 (8 aprile 2024): 98–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/amx.075.0098.
Abstract (sommario):
Dans ce texte de Tchaïanov daté de l’été 1917, qu’une traduction partielle rend ici pour la première fois accessible au lectorat francophone, l’agronome, économiste et spécialiste de l’économie paysanne russe défend un collectivisme fondé sur l’idée d’une résistance de la paysannerie au développement du capitalisme. Ce texte a joué un rôle décisif à la fois dans la polarisation des débats sur le collectivisme en Russie à partir de 1917 et dans l’histoire des réceptions du marxisme dans la sociologie rurale tout au long du XX e siècle. En fondant certaines thèses populistes sur des études empiriques de la situation russe, Tchaïanov a permis le développement d’un « néo-narodnisme écologique » dans les sciences sociales à partir des années 1960.
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Escalera-Briceño, Alejandro, Manuel Ángeles-Villa e Alejandro Palafox-Muñoz. "¿Por qué se debe considerar al marxismo ecológico en la era del capitaloceno?/ Why should ecological Marxism be considered in the era of the capitalocene?" Letras Verdes. Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios Socioambientales, n. 23 (22 febbraio 2018): 69–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17141/letrasverdes.23.2018.2867.
Abstract (sommario):
Este artículo pretende adentrarse en el debate marxismo/ecología, para subrayar la importancia de renovar las categorías marxistas del materialismo histórico y dialéctico para el análisis profundo de la era del capitaloceno. Se inicia con un bosquejo de las principales corrientes no marxistas que explican la relación del ser humano con la naturaleza a través de enfoques “híbridos”, como la economía ecológica (en sus tres vertientes) y la ecología política. En el ánimo de proponerlo como alternativa robusta a estas conceptualizaciones, se realiza enseguida un apretado recorrido cronológico del marxismo ecológico para examinar algunos de los principales textos constitutivos, desde el propio Marx hasta el actual debate entre Bellamy Foster y Moore. Se consigna que en el capitaloceno, portador de enormes amenazas al planeta, a la especie humana y al propio capitalismo, los debates actuales en el seno del marxismo ecológico ofrecen una provechosa lectura del crisol de contradicciones del capitalismo avanzado.
Abstract
The objective of this paper is to make inroads into de debates within ecological Marxism in order to underscore the importance of looking at the Marxist categories of historical materialism and dialectics in the light of the ongoing era of the Capitalocene. We began with a summary of recent developments in non-Marxist disciplines that deal with the human / nature interface through “hybrid approaches, such as ecological economics and political ecology. With a view of forwarding a proposal for ecological Marxism as a viable and robust alternative, we then mobilize into play several quotations from Marx on the subject, in order to lead us into the current debates between, mainly, Bellamy Foster and Jason Moore. We suggest that in the Capitalocene, purveyor great threats to the planet, humanity and capitalism itself, those debates can offer very worthwhile readings of the contradictions of advanced capitalism.
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Sinha, Subir. "‘Histories of Power’, the ‘Universalization of Capital’, and India’s Modi Moment: Between and Beyond Marxism and Postcolonial Theory". Critical Sociology 43, n. 4-5 (27 aprile 2016): 529–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0896920516641732.
Abstract (sommario):
Capitalist development in India, and the politics of those who are its immediate victims, defies the main varieties of postcolonial theory and Marxism that are today in contentious debate, in which postcolonial theory is identified with culture and particularity, and Marxism with political economy and universalism. Rejecting this framing, I draw attention to recently translated works by Marx, debates in agrarian political economy, and writings that emphasize the temporal specificity of contemporary capitalist development in India. I show the ‘compulsion’ of capitalists to compete and workers to sell their labour is held back by the ongoing politics of hegemony: capitalists want state protection and support for accumulation, and democracy and rights provide the poor with limited but sometimes effective political power. As a result, the primitive accumulation process remains indefinitely incomplete, and mature capitalism, defined by some Marxists as ‘universal’, is held in a sustained state of deferral.
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Repussard, Catherine. "Vers une «antimodernité émancipatrice» ? Le Manifeste contre le travail de Robert Kurz". Revue d’Allemagne et des pays de langue allemande 41, n. 2 (2009): 243–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/reval.2009.6060.
Abstract (sommario):
Dans son Manifeste contre le travail, rédigé en collaboration avec Ernst Lohoff et Norbert Trenkle, paru en 1999 dans la revue allemande Krisis, le journaliste et essayiste Robert Kurz fustige l’ensemble de la gauche classique, lui reprochant de faire partie du «camp du travail». Il considère en effet le travail comme l’ultime valeur garante d‘un capitalisme tardif et moribond, et cherche, tout en s’adossant à Marx, à dépasser le marxisme et à formuler l’«impensable pensé», au travers de ce qu’il considère comme une «antimodernité émancipatrice», c’est-à-dire un monde qui aurait consommé sa rupture catégorielle avec la notion de travail et où l’être pourrait enfin s’épanouir en toute liberté au sein d’une communauté prémoderne ou d’avant le «terrorisme» de la Modernité.
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Hau, Michel. "Pourquoi l’Allemagne a-t-elle moins souffert de la désindustrialisation ?" Cinquante ans de désindustrialisation, n. 1 (25 luglio 2022): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.57086/rrs.76.
Abstract (sommario):
Depuis 1974, l’Europe occidentale subit une désindustrialisation continue. Ce processus est plus lent en Allemagne que dans d’autres pays. Les facteurs du maintien d’une forte spécialisation dans les activités industrielles sont culturels : une longue période de morcellement politique a eu pour contrepartie l’essor d’un capitalisme dynastique soucieux de pérennité ; la Réforme protestante a contribué à la mise en place dans toute l’aire culturelle germanique d’un système d’enseignement valorisant le savoir professionnel ; le marxisme a pris une orientation réformiste qui a favorisé la mise en place de la cogestion, facteur de solidité des entreprises ; enfin, l’histoire a donné à l’Allemagne une longue tradition d’ouverture aux marchés extérieurs et tous les responsables politiques ou syndicaux intègrent le commerce international dans leur vision des choses. L’Allemagne tire de l’excédent de ses échanges de produits industriels un surplus d’emplois.
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Pirola, Émerson. "MARXISMO, SUJEITO E SUBJETIVIDADE. NEGRI DIANTE DO ANTI-HUMANISMO ALTHUSSERIANO". Sapere Aude 10, n. 19 (2 giugno 2019): 250–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5752/p.2177-6342.2019v10n19p250-273.
Abstract (sommario):
Um debate de longa data no interior do marxismo é o entre perspectivas que tenderiam para uma leitura da obra marxiana centrada nas análises sobre a constituição de sujeitos políticos de e em luta, na constituição de uma classe social revolucionária que enfrente a exploração capitalista, e perspectivas centradas nas transformações do capitalismo ou nas dinâmicas estruturais da economia. Podemos dizer, esquematicamente, que as primeiras perspectivas são “subjetivistas” e as segundas “objetivistas”. Nos anos 1960 esse debate se viu determinado pela chamada polêmica do anti-humanismo, lançada por Louis Althusser contra o marxismo por ele criticado como humanista, visto que advogaria por uma noção de Sujeito idealista e abstrata, descolada dos processos estruturais da economia política capitalista. Antonio Negri, por sua vez, deu e dá grande importância para a noção de subjetividade na análise crítica e enfrentamento do capitalismo. Negri, entretanto, não ignora as críticas efetuadas por Althusser ao chamado humanismo, tomando-as como pré-requisito para o desenvolvimento original de sua teoria. Mostramos, portanto, como Althusser desenvolve suas críticas do Sujeito e do humanismo para então desenvolver as posições de Negri diante destas, a construção de sua própria teoria da subjetividade, resgatada do Marx dos Grundrisse, e apontar as limitações do pensamento althusseriano no que concerne à subjetividade.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Sujeito. Anti-humanismo. Subjetividade. Negri. Althusser. ABSTRACTA long-standing debate within Marxism is the one between perspectives that would tend towards a reading of the Marxian work centered on analyzes of the constitution of political subjects in and in class struggle, the constitution of a revolutionary social class facing capitalist exploitation, and perspectives centered on the transformations of capitalism or the structural dynamics of the economy in general. We can say, schematically, that the first perspective are "subjectivist" and the second one "objectivist". In the 1960s this debate was determined by Louis Althusser's so-called polemic of anti-humanism, in which he criticized certain Marxism as an humanism, since it would advocate for an idealist and abstract notion of subject detached from the structural processes of capitalist political economy. Antonio Negri, in turn, gave and gives great importance to the notion of subjectivity in the dynamics and confrontation of capitalism. Negri, however, does not ignore the criticisms made by Althusser of the humanism, taking them as a prerequisite for the original development of his theory. We thus show how Althusser develops his criticisms of the Subject and humanism to develop Negri's positions for and against them, the construction of his own theory of subjectivity, rescued from Marx’s Grundrisse, and we point out the limitations of Althusser's thought as regards subjectivity.KEYWORDS: Subject. Antihumanism. Subjeticvity. Negri. Althusser.
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Bohrer, Ashley. "Intersectionality and Marxism: A Critical Historiography". Historical Materialism 26, n. 2 (30 luglio 2018): 46–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1569206x-00001617.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractIn recent years, there has been renewed interest in conceptualising the relationship between oppression and capitalism as well as intense debate over the precise nature of this relationship. No doubt spurred on by the financial crisis, it has become increasingly clear that capitalism, both historically and in the twenty-first century, has had particularly devastating effects for women and people of colour. Intersectionality, which emerged in the late twentieth century as a way of addressing the relationship between race, gender, sexuality and class, has submitted orthodox Marxism to critique for its inattention to the complex dynamics of various social locations; in turn Marxist thinkers in the twenty-first century have engaged with intersectionality, calling attention to the impoverished notion of class and capitalism on which it relies. As intersectionality constitutes perhaps the most common way that contemporary activists and theorists on the left conceive of identity politics, an analysis of intersectionality’s relationship to Marxism is absolutely crucial for historical materialists to understand and consider. This paper looks at the history of intersectionality’s and Marxism’s critiques of one another in order to ground a synthesis of the two frameworks. It argues that in the twenty-first century, we need a robust, Marxist analysis of capitalism, and that the only robust account of capitalism is one articulated intersectionally, one which treats class, race, gender and sexuality as fundamental to capitalist accumulation.
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Jurga, Saulius. "How Can a Subject Be Reified?" Symposium 23, n. 1 (2019): 5–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/symposium20192312.
Abstract (sommario):
This paper examines Georg Lukács’s conception of reiied subjectivity under capitalism. I claim that Lukács’s transition from his ethical pre-Marxist notion of the reified subject, to his early-Marxist understanding of capitalist reification of the subject contains the elements of a potential Lukácsian anti-critique of any epistemic or normative reinterpretation of his theory of reification. In particular, the shift in Lukács’s conceptualization of the thinglikeness of objects implied in his dialectical social theory points to a historically precise interpretation of the subject’s reification. The paper also suggests that Lukács’s project of dereification is rooted in the affective experience of reified subjects.Cet article examine la conception lukacsienne de la subjectivité réifiée en régime capitaliste. Mon propos est de montrer que le passage de la notion éthique pré-marxiste du sujet réifié à une compréhension marxiste précoce de la réification capitaliste du sujet chez Lukács contient des éléments d’une critique lukacsienne potentielle de toute réinterprétation normative de sa théorie de la réification. Le tournant dans la conceptualisation lukacsienne de l’apparente « choiséité » (Dinghaftigkeit) des objets, implicite dans la dialectique de sa théorie sociale, fait signe vers une interprétation historiquement précise de la réification du sujet. L’article suggère également que le projet lukacsien de la dé-réification est enraciné dans l’expérience affective des sujets réifiés.
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McKay, Jim. "Marxism as a Way of Seeing: Beyond the Limits of Current “Critical” Approaches to Sport". Sociology of Sport Journal 3, n. 3 (settembre 1986): 261–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.3.3.261.
Abstract (sommario):
Like capitalism, Marxism constantly experiences contradictions and crises to which it reacts, adapts, and somehow survives. Currently, Marxism is under attack by post-Marxist critical theorists and certain feminist scholars. In this paper, some of the criticisms made by these writers are applied to neo-Marxist approaches to sport. It is contended that the specific critiques of Marxism need to be situated in a wider framework that is concerned with theorizing all forms of domination (i.e., economic, sexual, ethnic/racial, and political) in sport. Some recent topics researched by neo-Marxists are used to illustrate the theoretical problems raised by restricting any critical theory of sport to the Marxist paradigm.
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Mikhailouski, Vadzim S. "Three problems of neo-Marxism, or What you need to know before using a neo-Marxist approach". Journal of the Belarusian State University. Sociology, n. 3 (8 ottobre 2021): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33581/2521-6821-2021-3-38-46.
Abstract (sommario):
The maturity of the neo-Marxist approach in cognition is determined not only by the heuristics of its theoretical and methodological foundations, but also by self-critical reflection. Three initial problems of the neo-Marxist approach are identified, which are useful to take into account when using it in scientific research: excessive criticism of neo-Marxist cognition, ideological bias of the neo-Marxist approach, conceptual uncertainty of capitalism as an object of neo-Marxism. It is proved that the ideological component is falsely identified with all neo-Marxism, and the critical component is treated trivially. The problem of the neo-Marxist approach lies not in the fact of a negative judgment about the reality under study, but in the level of theoretical and methodological support for the critical approach. It is necessary to distinguish criticism as a negative judgment and criticism as a dialectical logic of negation. The researcher can avoid the critical and ideological component of neo-Marxist research within the framework of the scientific tradition of neo-Marxism. This tradition does not deprive the researcher of the possibility of scientific search for new socio-economic reasons for the transformation of capitalism or new political ones by the subject of anti-capitalist resistance. The difference is that the ideological goal setting orients the researcher to the construction of the revolutionary situation of capitalism, and the scientific one – to the knowledge of the revolutionary factors of the existing «capitalist construct». More complex problem of the neo-Marxist approach is the conceptual uncertainty of capitalism. This problem requires a solution at the level of the community of neo-Marxist theorists. The unresolved nature of this problem affects the initial positions of new neo-Marxist studies. It does not allow us to define capitalism as an object of neo-Marxist research of any subject orientation. There are two options for a research strategy in this situation. First, it is possible, based on the conventional concept of truth, to join some neo-Marxist definition of modern capitalism and implement one’s subject research within the framework of the tradition of a particular neo-Marxist theorist. Secondly, it is possible to use the hypothetical-deductive method and proceed from the chosen understanding of capitalism as a hypothetical position, where the author’s subject of research is constituted as a consequence of this hypothesis and requires a verification check for truth. The solvability of general neo-Marxist epistemological problems means that there are no obstacles to the widespread application of neo-Marxism in social cognition.
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Gul, Saima, Syed Sabir Muhammad e Ahmad Ali. "Capitalism in the 21st Century: A Marxist Perspective". Global Economics Review II, n. I (30 dicembre 2017): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2017(ii-i).06.
Abstract (sommario):
A Marxist understanding of the ills of capitalism is applicable to 21st -century capitalism. Motivated by surpluses, capitalism become global in its endeavour of outsourcing production and capital labour substitution. As a result, the capitalist core established an exploitative relationship with the developing and under-developed third world countries. In order to protect their interests and to keep the antagonistic feelings below the threshold, the bourgeoisie elite utilized every tool available to strengthen their control over the resources, maintained their hegemony and absorb counter-hegemonic ideas. The article is an attempt to understand the Marxist interpretation of capitalism and debate in its relevance to 21st -century international politics. With the help of the Iraq war, the article concludes that Marxism and Marxist inspired theoretical interpretation is the best lens to explain the operation of capitalism at the world stage.
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Valerio Miranda, David. "La detracción al capitalismo en el México contemporáneo desde el marxismo crítico de Jorge Veraza". Pacha. Revista de Estudios Contemporáneos del Sur Global 4, n. 12 (15 novembre 2023): e230220. http://dx.doi.org/10.46652/pacha.v4i12.220.
Abstract (sommario):
En el presente artículo se pretende exponer al marxismo cómo una herramienta teórica vigente para examinar a las sociedades humanas de hoy y las problemáticas derivadas de la implementación del capitalismo. Para ello se hará un análisis de la obra de Jorge Veraza quien ha realizado un examen crítico a la estructura capitalista en México con una interpretación marxista. Veraza concluye que existen ciertos males sociales en el capitalismo que a su vez surgen, se mantienen y desarrollan en él. Ejemplo de ello es la enajenación de la clase trabajadora, la “falsa democracia” — que se implementa en el país con la corrupción, la complicidad y el autoritarismo del Estado—, además de males sociales como la desigualdad y la injusticia, así como el debate sesgado no científico y algunos de los prejuicios que la teoría marxista enfrenta. Estas problemáticas que se analizan en el contexto mexicano y que remiten a la necesidad de reflexionar una alternativa teórica desde México para la construcción de un proyecto diferente al capitalismo de hoy en día, así como abonar a la reconstrucción del marxismo. El actual modelo capitalista y sus consecuencias en todos los planos de la vida humana avivan la reflexión teórica sobre alternativas y proyectos diferentes.
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Mikhailouvki, V. S. "The Ideological Component of the Capitalist Order: Neo-Marxist Hypothesizing in the Theory of Complexity". Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Political Science and Religion Studies 39 (2022): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2073-3380.2022.39.84.
Abstract (sommario):
The political theory of neo-Marxist theory of complexity is a new original direction in the development of the neo-Marxist research program. In the view of the theory of complexity, the article considers the scientific issue of the “vicious circle” of the neo-Marxist approach to ideology. Neo-Marxists agreed that a capitalist ideology permeates entire social space and thereby keeps its sustainable reproduction in favor of a ruling class. There was no consensus, however, about the essence (content) of a capitalist ideology. The article aims at a scientific search for the main ideology of capitalism outside the context of the total ideological nature of the capitalist order. The synergetic deconstruction of the neo-Marxist theory of ideology assumed the replacement of a meaningful invariant with its antipode: the principle of system stability with the principle of system instability. Based on the synergetic approach, capitalism is stable due to unstable development, but only within the framework of the attractor of functioning. The theory has revealed that the ideology of “life improvement” is an attractor of the capitalist system. The concept of “capitalist ideological minimalism” has been proposed in the following formulation. The ideology of “life improvement” is at the heart of the functioning of modern capitalism as a historically continuing order for those dissatisfied with capitalism, its practical implementation is vital for the stability of a capitalist system, since the closest, and therefore the most likely option for resolving discontent with capitalism is a state of “being contented with it”.
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Walton, Sean. "Why the critical race theory concept of ‘White supremacy’ should not be dismissed by neo-Marxists: Lessons from contemporary Black radicalism". Power and Education 12, n. 1 (27 agosto 2019): 78–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1757743819871316.
Abstract (sommario):
Since entering the field of education studies, critical race theory has had an uneasy relationship with Marxism. One particular point of disagreement between Marxists and critical race theory scholars centres on the critical race theory concept of ‘White supremacy’. Some Marxist scholars suggest that, because of its reliance on ‘White supremacy’, critical race theory is unable to explain the prevalence of racism in Western, capitalist societies. These Marxists also argue that ‘White supremacy’ as understood within CRT is actively damaging to radical, emancipatory movements because the concept misrepresents the position of the White working class as the beneficiaries of racism, and in doing so, it alienates White workers from their Black counterparts. Some neo-Marxist thinkers have sought to replace the concept of ‘White supremacy’ with ‘racialisation’, a concept which is grounded in capitalist modes of production and has a historical, political and economic basis. Drawing on arguments from critical race theory, Marxism and Black radicalism, this paper argues that the critical race theory concept of ‘White supremacy’ is itself grounded in historical, political and economic reality and should not be dismissed by neo-Marxists. Incorporating ‘White supremacy’ into a neo-Marxist account of racism makes it more appealing to a broader (Black) radical audience.
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Maqbool, Tabassum, Farhan Hafeez e Yumna Shahid. "GENDER INEQUALITY IN BURNS’ MILKMAN: A MARXIST FEMINIST STUDY". Pakistan Journal of Social Research 04, n. 04 (31 dicembre 2022): 1025–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.52567/pjsr.v4i04.909.
Abstract (sommario):
This research investigates gender inequality in Anna Burns' novel Milkman. Burns' novel is depiction of the ways in which women are exploited through capitalism. It highlights the role of powerful institutions and absence of women in those power structures that ultimately makes women the slaves of patriarchs. The novel also explores the ways in which women are exploited, controlled and crushed by political and institutional power. This study discusses the debates surrounding Marxist feminism and the ways in which Marxist feminism can be mobilized as an analytical tool to engage women centric novels such as Anna Burns's Milkman along the thematic lines of objectification, commodification, capitalism, institutionalized patriarchy, the panopticon, and gender inequality. This study develops a hermeneutical Marxist feminism to evaluate the thematic concerns in Anna Burns' Milkman. In doing so, this research reveals how this novel based on gendered oppression and violence dramatizes and expands the core aspects of objectification and dehumanization developed by both Marxism and feminism. This study is indebted to Engle's conceptualization of economic independence in Marxism as it interprets gender inequality in the context of capitalism. This study situates Marxist feminism as a critical reading approach to understand gender-based oppression and inequality and proposes an anti-capitalist future for women's empowerment. Keywords: Gender inequality, Marxist Feminism, Patriarchy, Power Structures, Gender based violence, Capitalism
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Das, Raju J. "What is Marxist geography today, or what is left of Marxist geography?" Human Geography 15, n. 1 (11 novembre 2021): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19427786211049757.
Abstract (sommario):
The history and geography of intellectual neglect of Marxism are the history and geography of Marxism itself. Scholars of different political persuasions and from different regions of the world, including some ‘Marxists’, have pointed to its various deficiencies ever since its origin. But is Marxism really as bad as it is made out to be? In this short article, I argue that it absolutely is not. I discuss my view of Marxism, including Marxist geography. The latter examines economy, politics, culture and nature/body from the vantage-point of space, place, scale and human transformation of nature. I also discuss what difference Marxism has made to my own agenda of abstract and concrete research. For me, Marxism fundamentally comprises ideas of Marx and Engels, and revolutionary Marxist socialists of the 20th century (Lenin, Luxemburg and Trotsky), and those who have critically developed their thinking. I discuss four major areas of Marxism: philosophy (dialectical and materialist views of society and nature), social theory, or historical materialism, (geographical) political economy, and theory of communist practice. Marxism treats class, including in its capitalist form, as the causally most important social relation which explains how human beings live their lives. Class relations, and capitalism, structure gender and racial oppression which in turn influence class relations at a concrete level, and which are behind the geographical organization of society. The main goal of Marxism is not to produce ideas for the sake of ideas. It is rather to arm the exploited masses with adequate ideas that describe, explain and critique the world from their standpoint, so they can engage in the fight to produce an alternative social-spatial arrangement, i.e. a democratic and classless society which is ecologically healthier and which avoids geographically uneven development intra-nationally and internationally.
30
Schmidt, Ingo. "Synthesis Wanted: Reading Capital After 20th Century Orthodoxies and Revisions". tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society 16, n. 2 (4 maggio 2018): 608–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31269/triplec.v16i2.975.
Abstract (sommario):
The article distinguishes between revisionist and orthodox readings of Capital and identifies two waves of innovations in Marxist political economy. The first produced the classical theories of imperialism; the second produced a diversity of Neo-Marxisms and new orthodoxies sowing the seeds for the 1000 Marxisms developing in the age of neoliberal globalisation. Reading all of these approaches to Marxist Political Economy in context, the article suggests and offers a key to the understanding of capitalist development and socialist movements in the 20th century. Using them as background for a new reading of Capital also allows an understanding of contemporary capitalism and considerations of socialist futures.
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Li, Ning. "Why Does China Implement the "Dual Reduction Policy" to Restrict Educational Industry? An Explanation Based on Marxist Political Economy". Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media 51, n. 1 (30 aprile 2024): 88–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/51/20240952.
Abstract (sommario):
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels proposed in "The Communist Manifesto" the viewpoint of the inevitable demise of capitalism, Marxist political economy serves as an explanation and justification of this viewpoint. Marxist political economy forms a complete logical system, which elucidates the developmental path of capitalist collapse through three stages: surplus value, free competition, and monopoly capitalism. The theory of surplus value explains the intrinsic essence of capitalist society, wherein capitalists profit by exploiting labor, while free market competition and monopoly capitalism are external manifestations of the operational laws of capitalist society. In recent years, the disorderly expansion of educational capital in China has shown clear monopolistic tendencies. At this juncture, China promptly implemented the "dual reduction policy" to restrict the expansion of educational capital, which is a practical application of Marxist political economy. From the perspective of Marxist political economy theory, China's restrictions on educational capital serve three purposes: firstly, to prevent capital from excessively depriving laborers of surplus value; secondly, to avoid cyclical economic crises brought about by unregulated capital competition; thirdly, to prevent monopolies and thereby avert both economic crises and the social crises brought about by monopolies.
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Holdren, Nate, e Eric Tucker. "Marxist Theories of Law Past and Present: A Meditation Occasioned by the 25th Anniversary of Law, Labor, and Ideology". Law & Social Inquiry 45, n. 4 (18 settembre 2020): 1142–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/lsi.2020.23.
Abstract (sommario):
Capitalist society seems particularly disorderly of late, a disorder contributing to the beginnings of what we hope will be a renewal of Marxist legal scholarship. This essay reviews some key developments in Marxist analysis of law from the 1970s to the present. Over all, our essay traces a back and forth between Marxists’ emphasis on theoretical inquiry on the one hand and empirical and historical work inquiry on the other. We argue that Christopher Tomlins’s 1993 book, Law, Labor, and Ideology in the Early American Republic, remains salient for thinking about ways to combine Marxist theoretic and historical work to understand the role of law in capitalist social formations and that Nancy Fraser and Rahel Jaeggi’s recent book Capitalism: A Conversation in Critical Theory offers complementary resources for a renewal in Marxist legal thought. We conclude that further development of Marxist legal thought will require a mix of both empirical and theoretical innovations, and we identify political questions that Marxists will need to address.
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Matin, Kamran. "Writing Capitalism into Iran through the International". Iranian Studies 56, n. 2 (aprile 2023): 399–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/irn.2023.6.
Abstract (sommario):
“Writing capitalism into Iran” arguably requires addressing a prior theoretical question regarding the origins and development of capitalism. This is because many of the existing analyses of Iran's experience of capitalist modernity tend to uncritically deploy classical Marxist theories of capitalist development. This literature's analytical problems, especially its recurrent recourse to exceptionalism, cannot be solved at the empirical or analytical level but rather at its intellectual roots in classical Marxism (see Samiee in this roundtable forum). This observation has been central to my research program. What follows is an extremely condensed genealogy of this research program and some of its analytical implications for Iranian studies.
34
Callejas Guarneros, Allerim. "Silvia Federici. El patriarcado del salario: la crítica del feminismo a un enemigo común". Sillares. Revista de Estudios Históricos 3, n. 6 (22 gennaio 2024): 190–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.29105/sillares3.6-119.
Abstract (sommario):
La reseña de 'El patriarcado del salario' de Silvia Federici destaca su crítica al marxismo desde una perspectiva feminista. Federici argumenta que el trabajo reproductivo de las mujeres sostiene el capitalismo y aboga por su reconocimiento a través de un salario. También aborda la división entre mujeres trabajadoras y amas de casa perpetuada por el capitalismo. La reseña elogia el valor educativo del libro y su potencial para empoderar a las mujeres y promover la colaboración entre movimientos sociales en la lucha contra el capitalismo. En resumen, es una lectura ideal para aquellos que deseen explorar el feminismo marxista y comprender las problemáticas del sistema capitalista.
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Sotiris, Panagiotis. "The Many Encounters of Deleuze and Marxism". Deleuze Studies 10, n. 3 (agosto 2016): 301–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/dls.2016.0228.
Abstract (sommario):
Deleuze's and Guattari's work on schizoanalysis represented an important shift towards a dialogue with Marx and his critique of political economy but in the 1970s prominent Marxists attacked Deleuze (and Guattari) as anti-Marxist. This attitude marked one of the most important missed encounters between Marxism and other theoretical currents. However, there have been important recent contributions that bring forward not only the political character of Deleuze's theoretical endeavour, his critique of capitalist social forms, his conception of social practice and struggle, but also the linkages with the Marxian and Marxist concepts. The aim of this article is to highlight some aspects of the many dialogues between Deleuze and Marxism.
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Valenzuela Feijóo, José. "SOCIALISMO Y MARXISMO: ¿DOS CADÁVERES? (REGÍMENES BUROCRÁTICO-AUTORITARIOS Y MARXISMO VULGAR)". Andamios, Revista de Investigación Social 3, n. 5 (23 agosto 2006): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.29092/uacm.v3i5.345.
Abstract (sommario):
En el mundo contemporáneo existe una noción muy extendida: el derrumbe de la URSS (y de sus similares) es equivalente al fracaso del socialismo y de la teoría marxista. El autor rechaza este punto de vista y argumenta en favor de: a) el sistema social que se derrumbó en la URSS no era socialista. Este carácter lo perdió antes de 1950; b) la teoría oficial imperante en la URSS representó una brutal deformación del marxismo original; c) el marxismo auténtico conserva su fuerte poder explicativo; d) las realidades del capitalismo contemporáneo obligan a seguir pensando en un orden social post-capitalista.
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Ospina, Carlos Ignacio. "fetichismo de la mercancía, el principal legado de Karl Marx". Artificios. Revista colombiana de estudiantes de historia, n. 9 (1 novembre 2017): 10–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22380/2422118x.2228.
Abstract (sommario):
El marxismo, como conjunto de teorías que comparten y reivindican la influencia de Karl Marx, ha tenido diferentes momentos históricos, que son formados en el seno de una lucha política, que a su vez desentraña una lucha de clases, en el sentido amplio del concepto. Durante los años sesentas hay una ruptura con el marxismo clásico y se crean diferentes posturas que podríamos llamar marxismos “heterodoxos”. En la actualidad, bajo condiciones sociales de capitalismo globalizado, con una ideología hegemónica multicultural y con un capitalismo de valores asiáticos (no liberal); se erigen nuevas tendencias ortodoxas; para este nuevo aire de la “metafísica”, es clave el concepto de “fetichismo de la mercancía”. El presente artículo busca desentrañar la reinterpretación del concepto y su utilidad para entender el mundo capitalista actual.
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Maisuria, Alpesh. "Neoliberal Development and Struggle Against It: The Importance of Social Class, Mystification and Feasibility". Aula Abierta 47, n. 4 (30 ottobre 2018): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.17811/aula_abierta.47.4.2018.433-440.
Abstract (sommario):
ABSTRACTIn this article I introduce and develop neoliberalism through a discussion of Marxism and the way that classed mystification and feasibility are crucial concepts for understanding the maintenance of neoliberalism, and revolutionary possibilities. The starting point for this article is an essential explication of the Marxism, which is argued as the most efficacious theoretical framework for understanding the current historical conjuncture. Then, I provide an understanding of the development of capitalism into its current neoliberal form and its core features. Doing this work is important because while scholars regularly refer to capitalism/neoliberalism, they rarely explicate its fundamentals. Having this specification will provide a referent for the analysis for the discussion in the article. This incorporates the question: what mechanisms generate the tendency for most people to acquiesce (or even assent) to neoliberalism, despite the inequality and inequality it creates? To address this, I suggest the critical importance of mystification. While exposing neoliberalism is important I argue that analysis and critique alone is not sufficient. I draw the article to a close by presenting a discussion about the importance of the feasibility of an alternative to neoliberalism to be promoted by critical educators and Marxists. The possibility of resistance and revolution emerges through constructing, what Gramsci called, a new conception of the world.Keywords: Neoliberalism, Marxism, Marx, Social Class, Revolution.RESUMENEn este artículo, presento y desarrollo el neoliberalismo a través de una discusión sobre el marxismo y la forma en que la mistificación y la factibilidad clasificadas son conceptos cruciales para comprender el mantenimiento del neoliberalismo y también las posibilidades revolucionarias. El punto de partida de este artículo es una explicación esencial del marxismo, que se argumenta como el marco teórico más eficaz para comprender la coyuntura histórica actual. A continuación, proporciono una comprensión del desarrollo del capitalismo en su forma neoliberal actual y sus características principales. Hacer este trabajo es importante porque a menudo, cuando los académicos se refieren al capitalismo / neoliberalismo, rara vez explican sus fundamentos. Tener esta especificación proporcionará una referencia para el análisis de la discusión en el artículo. Esto incorpora la pregunta: ¿qué mecanismos generan la tendencia de la mayoría de las personas a aceptar el neoliberalismo a pesar de la desigualdad que crea? Para abordar esto, sugiero dotar de mayor importancia la crítica de la mistificación. A este respecto considero que si bien la exposición al neoliberalismo es importante, sostengo que el análisis y la crítica por sí solos no son suficientes. Concluyo el artículo presentando una discusión sobre la importancia de la viabilidad de una alternativa al neoliberalismo para ser promovida por educadores críticos y marxistas. La posibilidad de resistencia y revolución emerge a través de la construcción, lo que Gramsci llamó, una nueva concepción del mundo.Palabras Clave: Neoliberalismo, Marxismo, Marx, Clase Social, Revolución.
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Maisuria, Alpesh. "Neoliberal Development and Struggle Against It: The Importance of Social Class, Mystification and Feasibility". Aula Abierta 47, n. 4 (30 ottobre 2018): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.17811/rifie.47.4.2018.433-440.
Abstract (sommario):
ABSTRACTIn this article I introduce and develop neoliberalism through a discussion of Marxism and the way that classed mystification and feasibility are crucial concepts for understanding the maintenance of neoliberalism, and revolutionary possibilities. The starting point for this article is an essential explication of the Marxism, which is argued as the most efficacious theoretical framework for understanding the current historical conjuncture. Then, I provide an understanding of the development of capitalism into its current neoliberal form and its core features. Doing this work is important because while scholars regularly refer to capitalism/neoliberalism, they rarely explicate its fundamentals. Having this specification will provide a referent for the analysis for the discussion in the article. This incorporates the question: what mechanisms generate the tendency for most people to acquiesce (or even assent) to neoliberalism, despite the inequality and inequality it creates? To address this, I suggest the critical importance of mystification. While exposing neoliberalism is important I argue that analysis and critique alone is not sufficient. I draw the article to a close by presenting a discussion about the importance of the feasibility of an alternative to neoliberalism to be promoted by critical educators and Marxists. The possibility of resistance and revolution emerges through constructing, what Gramsci called, a new conception of the world.Keywords: Neoliberalism, Marxism, Marx, Social Class, Revolution.RESUMENEn este artículo, presento y desarrollo el neoliberalismo a través de una discusión sobre el marxismo y la forma en que la mistificación y la factibilidad clasificadas son conceptos cruciales para comprender el mantenimiento del neoliberalismo y también las posibilidades revolucionarias. El punto de partida de este artículo es una explicación esencial del marxismo, que se argumenta como el marco teórico más eficaz para comprender la coyuntura histórica actual. A continuación, proporciono una comprensión del desarrollo del capitalismo en su forma neoliberal actual y sus características principales. Hacer este trabajo es importante porque a menudo, cuando los académicos se refieren al capitalismo / neoliberalismo, rara vez explican sus fundamentos. Tener esta especificación proporcionará una referencia para el análisis de la discusión en el artículo. Esto incorpora la pregunta: ¿qué mecanismos generan la tendencia de la mayoría de las personas a aceptar el neoliberalismo a pesar de la desigualdad que crea? Para abordar esto, sugiero dotar de mayor importancia la crítica de la mistificación. A este respecto considero que si bien la exposición al neoliberalismo es importante, sostengo que el análisis y la crítica por sí solos no son suficientes. Concluyo el artículo presentando una discusión sobre la importancia de la viabilidad de una alternativa al neoliberalismo para ser promovida por educadores críticos y marxistas. La posibilidad de resistencia y revolución emerge a través de la construcción, lo que Gramsci llamó, una nueva concepción del mundo.Palabras Clave: Neoliberalismo, Marxismo, Marx, Clase Social, Revolución.
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Rioux, Sébastien. "The Fiction of Economic Coercion: Political Marxism and the Separation of Theory and History". Historical Materialism 21, n. 4 (21 febbraio 2013): 92–128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1569206x-12341326.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractThe theory of social-property relations, or political Marxism, has argued that in contradistinction with pre-capitalist forms of exploitation, capitalism is characterised by the separation of the economic and the political, which makes surplus appropriation under this system uniquely driven by economic coercion. In spite of political Marxism’s various strengths, this article argues that the paradigm puts forward an ahistorical and sanitised conception of capitalism typical of bourgeois economics, which is an outcome of its formal-abstractionist approach to the concept of the mode of production and the separation between theory and history that it operates. A more satisfactory solution to political Marxism’s inability to make sense of past and present forms of coercion and violence under capitalism can be found in Jairus Banaji’s emphasis on Marx’s historical – rather than formal – conception of the mode of production.
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Osorio, Jaime. "Assessing a Proposal for Updating the Marxist Theory of Dependency". Latin American Perspectives 49, n. 1 (25 ottobre 2021): 153–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582x211047906.
Abstract (sommario):
A recent proposal for updating of the Marxist theory of dependency requires abandoning the categories of superexploitation and unequal exchange and the theory of dependent capitalism. Examination of the limitations of this proposal highlights the misconceptions regarding these categories and the importance of recognizing dependent capitalism as a form of capitalism for an understanding of the state of the revolution in Latin America and the exceptional conditions that have made it possible for some economies to overcome underdevelopment. Una propuesta reciente de renovación de la teoría marxista de la dependencia reclama abandonar las categorías superexplotación e intercambio desigual y la de capitalismo dependiente. Un examen de las limitaciones de esta propuesta destaca a los errores en la comprensión de esas categorías así como la relevancia de capitalismo dependiente como una forma de capitalismo para comprender la actualidad de la revolución en América Latina y las condiciones de excepción que han hecho posible superar el subdesarrollo por algunas economías.
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Sorentino, Sara-Maria. "The Abstract Slave: Anti-Blackness and Marx's Method". International Labor and Working-Class History 96 (2019): 17–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547919000164.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract“The Abstract Slave: Anti-Blackness and Marx's Method” presents an immanent critique of the Marxist value-form. While Marx could historically think the empirical reality of slavery appearing together with capitalism, the value-form theoretically unthinks the significance of the conjuncture slavery and capitalism. Even with attempts to recuperate Marxism from some of the errors of evolutionism, the content and form of slavery is not usually up for debate, only the status of its interaction with capitalist circuits (a rearrangement of difference within unity). Mirroring the Marxist methodology of rising from the “abstract” to the “concrete,” this article moves to substitute the abstraction of labor with that of slavery and closes by restaging the concrete development of “real subsumption” through the problem of abolition. Such a substitution deconstructs Marx's method by situating slavery's transposition to brute force (and race's reduction to false consciousness) as the productive source of the capitalist form of value.
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Sperber, Nathan. "The many lives of state capitalism: From classical Marxism to free-market advocacy". History of the Human Sciences 32, n. 3 (luglio 2019): 100–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0952695118815553.
Abstract (sommario):
State capitalism has recently come to the fore as a transversal research object in the social sciences. Renewed interest in the notion is evident across several disciplines, in scholarship addressing government interventionism in economic life in major developing countries. This emergent field of study on state capitalism, however, consistently bypasses the remarkable conceptual trajectory of the notion from the end of the 19th century to the present. This article proposes an intellectual-historical survey of state capitalism’s many lives across different ensembles of writing: early Marxist pronouncements on state capitalism at the time of the Second International; theories of state capitalism evolved in the first half of the 20th century in response to the European experience of war and fascism; dissident portrayals of the Soviet Union as state-capitalist; post-Second World War theories of state-monopoly capitalism in the Western Bloc; examinations of state capitalism as a development strategy in ‘Third World’ nations in the 1970s and 1980s; and finally, today’s scholarship on new patterns of state capitalism in emerging economies. Having contextualized each of these strands of writing, the article goes on to interrogate definitional and conceptual boundaries of state capitalism. It then maps out essential institutional features of state-capitalist configurations as construed in the literature. In sharp contrast to 20th-century theories of state capitalism, present-day scholarship on the topic tends to retreat from the integrated critique of political economy, shifting its problematics of state-market relations to meso- and micro-levels of analysis.
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Bloom, Peter. "We are all monsters now!" Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 33, n. 7 (15 settembre 2014): 662–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-03-2012-0025.
Abstract (sommario):
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate how Marxist accounts of capitalism and capitalists as “vampiric” and “cannibalistic” can challenge the exploitation underlying “monstrosity” of the diverse “liberal organization”. Design/methodology/approach – To bear out this argument, it will critically turn to Marx's original description of capitalism as “vampire” like. It will do so by examining a range of theoretical and existing empirical research related themes of contemporary diversity. Findings – The paper argues that in order to avoid becoming capitalist monsters it is imperative to adopt an explicitly anti-capitalist Marxist perspective centring on themes of a “monstrous” capitalism. Capitalist organizations, not only “suck the blood of workers” but turns them into exploiting vampires, feeding on others for own profit and promotion. Yet it also expands on such readings by emphasizing the liberating possibilities that a more contemporary view of “monsters” stressing radical diversity and difference can make to this Marxist critique. Originality/value – To this end, it illuminates how a perspective uniting these ideals, termed here as a “revolutionary monstrous humanism”, can effectively challenge the dehumanization of managerial control and market ideologies while also fighting for the right of individuals to express their heterogeneous and always evolving unique cultural identities.
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Bezar, Shahbaz Afzal, Madiha Ashraf e Areeba Afzal. "Marxist Philosophy in The Selected Poems of Brecht and Naaz Khialvi: A Comparative Critique". Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 11, n. 2 (29 giugno 2023): 2392–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.52131/pjhss.2023.1102.0531.
Abstract (sommario):
Though a comparative study opens up new horizons of knowledge and a vast body of literature has been published on Marxism from the perspective of comparative study but a Marxist analysis of Brecht as compared with Pakistani Urdu poet, Naaz Khialvi, has not yet been accomplished. Marxism is a theory and a method originated from the work of Marx and Engels to analyze and critique the capitalism that produced social conflict and class struggles. The present study is qualitative in nature and it uses research methodology of comparative study. The findings of this study are: i. exploration of the exploitation of the poor class; ii. reflection of Marxist inclinations in the selected poems of Brecht and Khialvi. The objective of this study is to compare the marginalized Pakistani Urdu poet Khialvi from the perspective of Pakistani capitalist society with the mainstream Marxist poet and playwright Brecht.
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Castaño García, Christian Camilo. "Marxismo y Estudios Subalternos: La controversia sobre la fallida universalización del Capital". Pacha. Revista de Estudios Contemporáneos del Sur Global 3, n. 7 (8 aprile 2022): e21084. http://dx.doi.org/10.46652/pacha.v3i7.84.
Abstract (sommario):
En el presente artículo se hace una revisión de la controversia iniciada por la publicación del libro Postcolonial Theory and the Specter of Capitalism (PTSC) del sociólogo norteamericano Vivek Chibber, el cual trata de las limitaciones analíticas y políticas de la Teoría Pos-colonial (TP), específicamente de los Estudios Subalternos (ES). Se hará una breve reseña del argumento de Chibber y se presentarán las respuestas a su análisis, haciendo especial énfasis en la discusión acerca de la pertinencia del marxismo y el concepto de “universalización del capital” propuesto por Marx en los Grundrisse. Se concluye que la tesis marxiana de la universalización del capital debe entenderse como la globalización del modo de producción capitalista y que la historiografía del capitalismo debe incluir el papel del sur global en la conformación del capitalismo con el objetivo de dejar el eurocentrismo.
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Ansari, Javed A., e Asad Shahzad. "Enduring Resilience of Capitalist Power: The Role of Capitalist Education as a Technology of Governance". Journal of Education and Educational Development 4, n. 2 (14 novembre 2017): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.22555/joeed.v4i2.1737.
Abstract (sommario):
<em>Capitalism has experienced several crises since its emergence but its present global dominance apparently remains unassailable. This paper argues that capitalism’s resilience is grounded in the systemic hegemony of capitalist individuality—an individuality, committed to freedom as an ultimate end and seeking abundance in this world. It has been argued that the successful manufacturing of capitalist subjectivity is significantly dependent on the inculcation of capitalist values to the subject of capital through capitalist education. Section one focuses on freedom as capitalism’s telos and sketches the historical emergence of capitalist subjectivity formed by processes of capitalist governance. Section two investigates the formational role of capitalist education as a technology of capitalist governance. It analyzes capitalist education as a means for the construction of capitalist individuality. Section three argues that capitalism’s main antagonists, especially Marxist socialism, cannot effectively challenge capitalist hegemony in the lifeworld or at the level of the state because they (i.e. main antagonists) endorse freedom (the core capitalist value) as an ultimate end in itself. Socialism does not propose to alter the subjectivity of an individual that the capitalist education constructs.</em>
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Scott, Helen. "Capitalism in 'all Corners of the earth': luxemburg and globalisation". New Formations 94, n. 94 (1 marzo 2018): 23–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3898/newf:94.02.2018.
Abstract (sommario):
Luxemburg has not been a prominent figure within postcolonial studies, but her legacy is of relevance for many areas within the field. Her work, in conversation with the broader Marxist tradition, is of great value to ongoing attempts to understand and challenge global capitalism. Luxemburg's emphasis on the centrality of colonial plunder and global dispossession to capitalist accumulation, and unflinching opposition to all forms of imperialism and oppression, offer counterpoints to the charge that Marxism is Eurocentric. Luxemburg understood capitalism to be an integrated global system, located dispossession as a central property of capitalist expansion, and articulated a strategy for emancipation based on international working-class solidarity. In the twenty-first century her work continues to provide insight not only in the realm of political economy, but also for the analysis of global cultures.
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Dur, Ion, e Andrei Claudiu Dipşe. "Justice of ≪new man≫ in Karl Marx' vision". Sæculum 47, n. 1 (1 luglio 2019): 109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/saec-2019-0010.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractThis study aims to highlight the problem of justice in Karl Marx’s vision from the perspective of the critique of capitalism. Although, there is a strong dialectic in the socio-political and philosophical debates among political thinkers (including Marxists) on the existence or non-existence of a theory of justice in Marxism, the exegesis of Marxist writings reveals two types of justice (“Justice through fair distribution and Justice through the dictatorship of the proletariat”). The first aspect the study proposes is to reinforce and argue for the existence of a Marxist theory of Justice, followed by a critical analysis of how this is reflected in both socialist and communist society.
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Paradis, André. "Bernard-Henry Levy : le mal radical ou la philosophie du désespoir". Articles 10, n. 1 (13 gennaio 2007): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/203210ar.
Abstract (sommario):
Résumé La Barbarie à visage humain de Bernard-Henri Lévy traduit le désenchantement d'une génération de jeunes intellectuels français aussi bien face au marxisme, à son enseignement théorique, à ses crédos politiques, à ses prétentions de révolutionner les rapports sociaux que face au capitalisme, fut-il répressivement tentaculaire et « rationnel » ou tout simplement énergumène. En rupture de ban avec ses « doctes maîtres », Althusser, Poulantzas, Deleuze ou Lyotard, Lévy pose que toute action politique militante, de gauche ou de droite, conduit irrémédiablement, par delà ses mots d'ordre de libération et de progrès, à la reproduction du Prince, du Pouvoir, tout pouvoir par essence tendant à l'absolu et au totalitarisme. La Maîtrise est la loi de ce monde et toute théorie socio-politique, tout projet de société ne peuvent être que des masques truculents de promesses dont il faut bien s'affubler pour que s'opère dans l'espoir la circularité répétitive (ré-volution) de cette Maîtrise. L'histoire à cet égard ne fait que tourner en rond et notre siècle n'est que l'ultime achèvement en extension, mais à « visage » humain cette fois, d'une barbarie plusieurs fois millénaire. Que reste-t-il au nouveau philosophe sinon de proclamer à tout jamais le divorce de l'Éthique et de la Politique, de la candeur et de l'imposture, du fond de sa retraite solipsiste et libertaire?