Articoli di riviste: "Cane growing"

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Adorna, Jaqueline Cristiane, Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol e Otavio Bagiotto Rossato. "Fertilization with filter cake and micronutrients in plant cane". Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 37, n. 3 (giugno 2013): 649–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832013000300011.

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The response of sugarcane to application of micronutrients is still not very well known. In view of the need for this information, the aim of this study was to evaluate the application of the micronutrients Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe, B, and Mo to plant cane in three soils, with and without application of filter cake. This study consisted of three experiments performed in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, (in Igaraçu do Tiete, on an Oxisol; in Santa Maria da Serra, on an Entisol, both in the 2008/2009 growing season; and in Mirassol, on an Ultisol, in the 2009/2010 growing season) in a randomized block design with four replications with a 8 x 2 factorial combination of micronutrients (1 - no application/control, 2 - addition of Zn, 3 - addition of Cu, 4 - addition of Mn 5 - addition of Fe, 6 - addition of B, 7 - addition of Mo, 8 - Addition of Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe, B, and Mo) and filter cake (0 and 30 t ha-1 of filter cake) in the furrow at planting. The application of filter cake was more efficient than of Borax in raising leaf B concentration to sufficiency levels for sugarcane in the Entisol, and it increased mean stalk yield in the Oxisol. In areas without filter cake application, leaf concentrations were not affected by the application of Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe, B, and Mo in the furrow at planting; however, Zn and B induced an increase in stalk and sugar yield in micronutrient-poor sandy soil.

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Richard, E. P. "Preemergence Herbicide Effects on Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) Interference in Sugarcane (Saccharumspp. hybrids)". Weed Technology 7, n. 3 (settembre 1993): 578–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00037374.

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The effect of annual spring PRE applications of fenac, metribuzin, and terbacil on the competitiveness of sugarcane with bermudagrass during a 3-yr crop cycle was evaluated. For each herbicide treatment, bermudagrass was allowed to interfere with sugarcane during the growing season for 0, 1 (plant-cane crop only), 2 (plant-cane and first-ratoon crops), or 3 (plant-cane through second-ratoon crops) yr. Predicted total yields of cane from the three harvested crops was 3600 kg ha−1higher on average in plots maintained free of bermudagrass and treated with metribuzin than where fenac and terbacil were applied. Bermudagrass biomass increased with each growing season. Greatest biomass production occurred in the fenac plots and the smallest in terbacil plots. Bermudagrass did not reduce the predicted total yields of cane where metribuzin or terbacil was applied. With fenac, predicted total cane yields were 4, 7, and 11% lower than the weed-free control where bermudagrass interference was allowed for 1, 2, and 3 yr, respectively. Season-long bermudagrass interference in the fenac plots reduced actual cane yields 10% (plant-cane crop), 6% (first-ratoon crop), and 14% (second-ratoon crop) when compared with plots maintained free of bermudagrass for the entire growing season.

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Griggs, Peter. "Deforestation and Sugar Cane Growing in Eastern Australia, 1860-1995". Environment and History 13, n. 3 (1 agosto 2007): 255–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3197/096734007x228273.

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Li, W. F., R. Y. Zhang, Y. K. Huang, C. H. Pu, J. Yin, X. Y. Cang, H. L. Shan, X. Y. Wang e Z. M. Luo. "Loss of cane and sugar yield resulting from Ceratovacuna lanigera Zehntner damage in cane-growing regions in China". Bulletin of Entomological Research 108, n. 1 (11 luglio 2017): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485317000608.

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AbstractCeratovacuna lanigera Zehntner is a major leaf pest of sugarcane. Widely distributed, it affects both the yield and quality of sugarcane in China. This study aimed to assess real yield and sugar yield losses, and the effect of C. lanigera damage on emergence of newly planted and ratoon cane under current production levels. Field experiments were carried out from 2014 to 2016 in Yunnan Province China. At maturity, plants were harvested and weighed to determine yield, and the effect on sugarcane quality and sucrose content analyzed. Real yield decreased by average of 46,185 kg hm−2 (range: 37,545–61,845 kg hm−2) in damaged versus undamaged areas, with an average yield loss rate of 35.9% (28.5–45.7%). Juice yield decreased by an average of 3.01% (2.4–4.13%) and sucrose content by 6.38% (5.48–8.16%). Juice brix decreased by an average of 7.66°BX (6.95–9.05°BX) and juice gravity purity by 12.35% (8.43–19.97%). In contrast, the reducing sugar content increased by an average of 1.21% (1.01–1.3%). Emergence rates of newly planted cane decreased by an average of 26.0% (24.7–27.3%). The emergence number of ratoon cane decreased by 66,834 hm2 (57,429–76,238 hm−2) and relative emergence loss rates of ratoon cane decreased by an average of 57.8% (57.6–58.0%). These findings confirm that C. lanigera damage severely affects sugarcane yield and quality in Yunnan Province. The results will help the implementation of effective control measures, thereby supporting sustainable development of the Chinese sugar industry.

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Ferreira, J. J., J. R. M. Ruas, G. A. R. Macedo, A. Marcatti Neto, D. S. Queiroz e E. A. Silva. "Substituition of urea for soybean meal and forced intake of minerals on the performance of growing crossbred calves". Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 71, n. 5 (ottobre 2019): 1677–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-10419.

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ABSTRACT Forty eight crossbred calves, 24 males and 24 females, with weight and age of 203.6±3.7kg and 11.8±1.0 months were allotted to the following treatments: MT- mineral salt ad libitum and sugar cane mixed with 10g kg-1 mixture of urea and ammonium sulfate in a 9:1 proportion; MA - sugar cane mixed with 16g kg-1 of a concentrate of urea (550g kg-1), ammonium sulfate (60g kg-1) and minerals (390g kg-1); SU - sugar cane mixed with 50g kg-1 of a concentrate of soybean meal (830g kg-1), urea (52g kg-1) and minerals (118g kg-1) and MC - corn silage mixed with 10g kg-1 of a concentrate of urea (500g kg-1), ammonium sulfate (50g kg-1) and minerals (450g kg-1). Minerals mixed with sugar cane (MA) resulted in greater weight gain (0.258 x 0.188kg d-1) for similar intakes of DM (3.29 x 3.30kg d-1). Substitution of part of urea nitrogen in the MA by soybean meal (SU) resulted in greater ADG (0.538 x 0.258kg d-1), due to higher sugar cane intake (4.10 x 3.13kg d-1). ADG of calves receiving corn silage was greater (0.406 x 0.258kg d-1) than for calves receiving sugar cane.

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El-Zeftawi, BM, FH Goubran e JG Richards. "Effects of cutting and cold-storage of parent canes on cane production of raspberry". Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 26, n. 4 (1986): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9860501.

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Parent canes of Willamette raspberry produced more vigorous canes than those of Glen Clova although the latter was less prone to bud failure in the first year. Reducing the length of the parent canes encouraged cane production and lowered the incidence of bud failure. Freshly dug plant material had more canes and less bud failure than those stored at 2�C, particularly when planted during June-July. For all treatments, the percentage of fruiting canes was 2-3 times higher in the second growing season than in the first, despite the total number of canes being less.

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Sandhu, Hardev, Maninder Singh, Robert Gilbert, Kelly Morgan, Ronald Rice, Leslie Baucum, James Shine e Mike Irey. "Effects of Harvest Method on Microclimate in Florida Sugarcane". EDIS 2015, n. 4 (10 giugno 2015): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-sc100-2015.

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The production systems for sugarcane include either green cane or burnt cane harvesting operations. Sugarcane in Florida is typically harvested with burnt cane mechanical harvesting, but there is a growing interest to better understand the effects of green cane harvest residue “trash blankets” on microclimate conditions for sugarcane growing on both organic and mineral soils of Florida, so the authors conducted a three-year study to determine the effects of each harvest method on microclimate within the surface soil profile and at a 10 cm height from the soil surface. Results are presented in this 3-page fact sheet written by Hardev Sandhu, Maninder Singh, Robert Gilbert, Kelly Morgan, Ronald Rice, Leslie Baucum, James Shine Jr., and Mike Irey, and published by the UF Department of Agronomy, April 2015. (UF/IFAS Photo: Josh Wickham.) SS-AGR-385/SC100: Effects of Harvest Method on Microclimate in Florida Sugarcane (ufl.edu)

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Bitibalyo, Marlina, e Yohanis Amos Mustamu. "Kadar kemanisan tebu (saccharum officinarum L.) di kampung Wariori Indah distrik Masni kabupaten Manokwari". Agrotek 9, n. 1 (20 luglio 2021): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.46549/agrotek.v9i1.192.

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This study aimed to determine the level of sweetness of sugarcane growing in the village of Wariori Indah. This research was conducted in Wariori Indah village, Masni district, Manokwari regency in August 2020. The method used in this study was a descriptive method with field observation techniques. There were 5 types of sugarcane grown by the people of Wariori Indah Village, namely Red Sugar Cane (Meresa Ekeni), Yellow Green Sugar Cane (Meresa Ofrha), Yellow Sugar Cane (Meresa Oruk), White Striped Red Cane (Meresa Epsi), and Green Stripes Red Cane (Meresa Ofrha). The results of the study found that there were differences in the level of sweetness in the sugarcane plants observed. Yellow green sugarcane has a high level of sweetness (15.2), followed by yellow sugar cane (14.0), and red sugar cane (13.3), while white stripes red cane and green stripes red cane stripes having the same level of sweetness, namely 12.3.

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Misik, S., e E. Szívós. "CHANGES OF WATER STATE IN VINE CANE DURING GROWING AND DORMANT SEASONS". Acta Horticulturae, n. 493 (novembre 1999): 69–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1999.493.6.

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Pérez, C., A. Falero, B. R. Hung, S. Tirado e Y. Balcinde. "Bioconversion of phytosterols to androstanes by mycobacteria growing on sugar cane mud". Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology 32, n. 3 (marzo 2005): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10295-004-0196-8.

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Lima, Luciano Soares de, Claudete Regina Alcalde, Francisco de Assis Fonseca de Macedo, Larissa Ribas de Lima, Elias Nunes Martins e Carolina Cesarino Coutinho. "Sugar cane dry yeast in feeding for growing and finishing goat kids". Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 40, n. 1 (gennaio 2011): 168–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35982011000100024.

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It was used 27 goat kids (18 ¾ Boer + ¼ Saanen and nine Saanen; 18.0 ± 1.60 kg) distributed in a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement to evaluate productive performance and the total digestibility of dry matter and nutrients in the rations. Diets were composed of soybean meal, soybean meal + dry yeast or dry yeast as protein source, oat hay, ground corn and vitamin-mineral mixture with mean composition of 2.50 Mcal of ME/kg DM and 17.0% of crude protein on average. Digestibility was determined using indigestible neutral detergent fiber as marker. Intakes of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein and total carbohydrates were not altered by rations. However, inclusion of dry yeast in the rations reduced ingestions of ether extract, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber. Within breed groups, the ¾ Boer + ¼ Saanen goat kids showed the highest intakes of dry matter and nutrients, as well as the best means of daily gain, feed conversion and days in feedlot. Digestibilities of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein and total carbohydrates were higer - and the digesbility of ether extract was lower - for animals fed rations with dry yeast. There were no differences in digestibility of neutral detergent fiber. Rations with dry yeast showed the highest values of total digestible nutrients. Dry yeast can be used as alternative protein source in rations for goat kids because it does not change animal performance and it does have higher nutritional value than soybean meal. ¾ Boer + ¼ Saanen kids show, in feedlots, better performance in growth and finishing phases when compared to Saanen kids.

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Zabadal, Thomas J. "Response of `Himrod' Grapevines to Cane Girdling". HortScience 27, n. 9 (settembre 1992): 975–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.9.975.

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The effect of cane girdling, in combination with the common commercial practices of gibberellic acid applications and/or other crop control, on vine size and fruit characteristics was measured over 3 years for `Himrod' grapevines (Vitis ×labruscana × V. vinifera) grown in central New York state. Cane girdles 4 mm wide between the second and third node from the base of each fruiting cane resulted in vines that were capable of sustaining vine size while enhancing several aspects of fruit quality. When added to several vine-manipulation regimes, cane girdling increased cluster weight as much as 106%, berries per cluster as much as 138%, and berry weight as much as 17%. Although cane girdling increased yield as much as 66%, it consistently reduced fruit soluble solids concentration (SSC). Therefore, for cane girdling to contribute to sustained production of quality `Himrod' table grapes in a cool-growing-season climate, it will be necessary to practice it in combination with a level of crop control that will ensure acceptable fruit SSC.

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Luiz Gonzaga Bione Ferraz, Ademar Barros da Silva, José Nunes Filho, Antonio Raimundo de Sousa e Venézio Felipe dos Santos. "Sugar Cane Cake and Mineral Fertilizers on Coconut (Cocos nucifera Linn.) Seedlings". CORD 25, n. 2 (1 ottobre 2009): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37833/cord.v25i2.142.

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High quantities of mineral fertilizers (MF) are required for good coconut seedling production, whose up dated recommendation is 232 grams per seedling. The objective of this work was to assess the substitution of the MF by organic fertilizer as sugar-cane filter cake (SCFC) on coconut seedlings in polybag. The SCFC is an organic residue from sugar-cane manufacturing composed of various chemical elements, as for instance: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium. The experiment was carried out at the Itapirema Research Station, Goiana, Pernambuco State, Brazil, in a randomized complete block design, with factorial disposition 52, replicated three times, with six tall coconut seedlings per plot. The treatments were the combinations of five doses of MF (in g seedling-1): 46.25; 92.50; 138.75; 185.00 and control, using urea, simple superphosphate and potassium chloride at the proportion of 1:2:3, respectively, and five doses of SCFC (in kg polybag-1): 0.5; 1.0; 1.5; 2.0 and control. Eight months after young coconut seedlings replacement to the polybags the following parameters were measured: collar girth (CG), leaf area (LA), number of live leaves (NL) and plant height (PH). For leaf nutritional diagnosis and growing media chemical and physical analyses, samples were collected. There was significance for the two factors, individually, to all parameters. The trend analysis revealed linear, quadratic and cubic responses, according to the studied character. The mixture of 0.5 kg of SCFC polybag-1 plus 46.25 g of the MF was sufficient for obtaining seedlings of excellent quality and promoting a fertilizers economy around 80%. According to other results from this research, the number of seedlings per plot and the critical level of nutrients in the leaf of coconut seedlings should be reviewed.

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Ahmad, Naeem, Mahmood Ul-Hassan, Muhammad Akhlaq Mudassar, Muhammad Shahzad Afzal, Abdul Khaliq, Hafiz Basheer Ahmad, Salma Niaz, Mubashra Yasin e Wardah Muzaffar. "Influence of Stale Cane Seed on Productivity of Sugarcane in Semi-arid Climate". Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences 3, n. 02 (5 ottobre 2022): 279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.34.

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Abstract Delayed planting of sugarcane crop after harvesting of seed is a common farming practice in all cane growing areas of Pakistan. This study was conducted to find out comparative effect of sugarcane seed having different harvesting or stalling period on productivity of sugarcane. The experiment was planted in randomized complete block design with split plot arrangement for two consecutive years. Three commercial sugarcane varieties viz. CPF 248, CPF 247 and CPF 246 were kept in main plots whereas cane setts staling; fresh, 3 days, 6 days & 9 days old stale cane setts were placed in sub-plots. The data revealed that sugarcane clones were differed significantly for most of biometric traits under study except cane yield whereas impact of cane setts stalling was also significant excluding for sugar contents. While, interactive effect of all treatment combinations for sugarcane clones and cane setts stalling was found significant except for CCS%. It was found that clone CPF 247 exhibited highest cane and sugar yield by planting fresh cane setts as against lowest for CPF 248 when planted with 9 days old stale cane setts during both years of experimentation. Better growth and yield related traits were predominantly attributed to planting of fresh cane seed having better germination, tillering and cane density.

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JUAREZ-DAPPE, PATRICIA. "Cañeros and Colonos: Cane Planters in Tucumán, 1876–1895". Journal of Latin American Studies 38, n. 1 (febbraio 2006): 123–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x05000313.

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During the last quarter of the nineteenth century Tucumán's sugar industry experienced unprecedented growth. Tucumán's mills relied on their lands as well as on outside growers for the supply of the cane. By 1895 cañeros and colonos were cultivating two-thirds of the cane processed in the province. This practice resulted in the incorporation of thousands of small and medium farmers into sugar production, a rather exceptional case among Latin American sugar economies. This article sheds light on this peculiar aspect of Tucumán's sugar industry by focusing on the diversity that characterised the group of cane planters, the circumstances under which they were incorporated into cane agriculture, the tensions that materialised in sugar-growing areas, and the strategies developed by planters to settle their conflicts with mill owners.

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Schoonover, J. E., J. L. Hartleb, J. J. Zaczek e J. W. Groninger. "Growing Giant Cane (Arundinaria gigantea) for Canebrake Restoration: Greenhouse Propagation and Field Trials". Ecological Restoration 29, n. 3 (1 settembre 2011): 234–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/er.29.3.234.

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Wood, William F. "Banana slug antifeedant in the growing cane tips of Himalayan Berry Rubus armeniacus". Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 41 (aprile 2012): 126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2011.12.029.

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Oliveira, Júlio César Martins de, Klaus Reichardt, Osny O. S. Bacchi, Luis Carlos Timm, Durval Dourado-Neto, Paulo César Ocheuse Trivelin, Tânia Toyomi Tominaga, Roberta de Castro Navarro, Marisa de Cássia Piccolo e Fábio Augusto Meira Cássaro. "Nitrogen dynamics in a soil-sugar cane system". Scientia Agricola 57, n. 3 (settembre 2000): 467–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162000000300015.

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Results of an organic matter management experiment of a sugar cane crop are reported for the first cropping year. Sugar cane was planted in October 1997, and labeled with a 15N fertilizer pulse to study the fate of organic matter in the soil-plant system. A nitrogen balance is presented, partitioning the system in plant components (stalk, tip and straw), soil components (five soil organic matter fractions) and evaluating leaching losses. The 15N label permitted to determine, at the end of the growing season, amounts of nitrogen derived from the fertilizer, present in the above mentioned compartments.

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Strik, Bernadine C., John R. Clark, Chad E. Finn e Gil Buller. "Management of Primocane-fruiting Blackberry: Impacts on Yield, Fruiting Season, and Cane Architecture". HortScience 47, n. 5 (maggio 2012): 593–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.47.5.593.

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Primocane management systems were compared for ‘Prime-Jan’® and ‘Prime-Jim’®, primocane-fruiting blackberry (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus, Watson), grown in a field planting in Aurora, OR. Treatments studied were: 1) no manipulation of primocanes (untipped; no floricanes); 2) untipped primocanes growing in the presence of floricanes; 3) untipped primocanes grown with rowcover in late winter to early spring; and 4) primocanes “soft-tipped” at 1 m to encourage branching. Date of primocane first bloom and cane height at bloom were unaffected by cultivar and were only affected by primocane management in 2005. The number of growing degree-days to first bloom ranged from 1272 to 1390 depending on year. Primocane management did not affect ovule or drupelet number per berry or percent drupelet set. ‘Prime-Jim’ had more drupelets and greater weight per berry in 2005 than ‘Prime-Jan’. Fruit harvested earlier in the season had more ovules and drupelets than later harvested fruit in 2004. Primocanes that grew in the presence of floricanes were longer and bloomed later but did not differ in yield from untipped canes grown only for a primocane crop. Use of rowcover in 2005 advanced bloom and harvest, improving yield 73% compared with untipped control canes. Soft-tipping primocanes increased yield 114% to 150% compared with untipped canes (5.6 vs. 2.4 t·ha−1) through increasing branch and node number per cane and percentage of fruiting nodes; soft-tipping did not delay harvest. Yield/cane was negatively correlated with the number of fruiting canes/plot but positively correlated with branches/cane, total branch and cane length, number of nodes and percent fruiting nodes, fruit/cane, and berry weight. The proportion of fruiting nodes was greater on branches than on the main cane illustrating the importance of managing this type of blackberry to increase branch number for high yield.

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Abdelmajid, Nadif, Akalach Mohamed, Pieter Cronje e Phil Jones. "First Report of Yellow Leaf Syndrome of Sugarcane in Morocco". Plant Disease 83, n. 4 (aprile 1999): 398. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1999.83.4.398c.

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Yellow leaf syndrome of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) has been described from a number of cane-growing countries. Symptomatic leaves were collected from the CTCS and other localities of the Gharb region. The first symptoms were observed on cv. CP 66-346 as a reddening of the adaxial leaf surface; in other cultivars, particularly cv. CP 72-1210, the older leaf midribs turned bright yellow, followed by yellowing of the blade starting from the leaf tip and spreading downward. The older leaves dried out and in severe cases the plant died. The disease is widespread in both the Gharb and Loukkos cane-growing regions. Severe symptoms were observed in the spring of 1998 following a 5-month drought and an atypical flowering of the cane (in Morocco cane has not flowered for the past 25 years). Sugarcane yellow leaf phytoplasma was identified by the amplification of a band of the expected size of approximately 1,250 bp following nested PCR (polymerase chain reaction) with universal primers in samples of CP 66-346, LCP 85-384, and clones originated from fuzz, but not in cultivars CP 74-383 and CP 72-1210. This is the first report of yellow leaf syndrome on sugarcane in Morocco.

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Takeda, Fumiomi, e Jorge Soria. "Method for Producing Long-cane Blackberry Plants". HortTechnology 21, n. 5 (ottobre 2011): 563–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.21.5.563.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate primocane cane training and propagation techniques for the production of long-cane blackberry (Rubus spp.) plants. Seventeen to 29 6-ft-long canes were produced from each semierect ‘Triple Crown’ and trailing ‘Siskiyou’ blackberry plant grown on the rotating cross-arm (RCA) trellis and cane training system. By early August, the lateral canes had grown beyond the top wire ≈6 ft above the ground and continued growing downward to the ground. The tips of the lateral canes reached the soil level from mid-August to mid-September at which time they were placed in 1/2-gal pots containing peat-based media. In early Oct. 2009, the tip-rooted lateral canes were cut from the stock plant at the uppermost trellis wire. Among the long-cane plants produced in 2009, 76% of buds in ‘Siskiyou’ broke, but less than 30% of buds in ‘Triple Crown’ broke in a heated greenhouse. Flowering occurred in 15% of the shoots that developed on rooted ‘Siskiyou’ long canes, but the shoots on the long-cane plants of ‘Triple Crown' were morphologically vegetative and flowering did not occur. In 2010–11, the long-cane plants were detached from the stock plants in December, January, and March. The numbers of nodes with a flowering shoot improved to 41% and 16% and the number of flowers per shoot increased to two and five flowers on long-cane plants of ‘Siskiyou’ and ‘Triple Crown’ blackberry, respectively.

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Lencse, Reed J., e James L. Griffin. "Itchgrass (Rottboellia cochinchinensis) Interference in Sugarcane (Saccharumsp.)". Weed Technology 5, n. 2 (giugno 1991): 396–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x0002830x.

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Field studies were conducted in the northern and southern cane belt areas of Louisiana to determine the effect of itchgrass on sugarcane growth and yield. Itchgrass was allowed to interfere with sugarcane season-long, early-season from emergence in the spring until layby (last cultivation) in mid-June, and late-season from layby until harvest. Itchgrass germination occurred throughout the growing season. Populations of millable sugarcane stalks and yields of cane and sugar were similar for no interference, early-, and late-season interference. Season-long itchgrass interference reduced sugarcane stalk populations and cane and sugar yields an average of 34, 42, and 43%, respectively, compared with no interference.

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Li, Wen-Feng, Ke Shen, Ying-Kun Huang, Xiao-Yan Wang, Jiong Yin, Zhi-Ming Luo, Rong-Yue Zhang e Hong-Li Shan. "Incidence of sugarcane ratoon stunting disease in the major cane-growing regions of China". Crop Protection 60 (giugno 2014): 44–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2014.02.011.

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TATSUMI, Toshiaki, Yoshio KIKU, Takahisa ICHIKAWA, Yasuhiro NISHI e Hideyuki TAKAHASHI. "Effects of Dietary Supplement of Sugar Cane Extract on Immune Performance in Growing Piglets". Journal of the Japan Veterinary Medical Association 64, n. 12 (2011): 946–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12935/jvma.64.946.

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SANDERSON, K. R., e J. A. CUTCLIFFE. "EFFECT OF INTER-ROW SOIL MANAGEMENT ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF RED RASPBERRY". Canadian Journal of Plant Science 68, n. 1 (1 gennaio 1988): 283–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps88-035.

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The effects of three inter-row soil management systems on growth and yield of red raspberries were studied for four consecutive harvest years. Where a grass sod was maintained, yields were approximately 25% lower than where the inter-row spaces were cultivated throughout the growing season or cultivated until harvest and seeded annually with oats. Cane height and number of buds per cane were reduced by the grass sod in two of the four years.Key words: Inter-row soil management, yield, red raspberry

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Catling, P. C., A. Hertog, R. J. Burt, R. I. Forrester e J. C. Wombey. "The short-term effect of cane toads (Bufo marinus) on native fauna in the Gulf Country of the Northern Territory". Wildlife Research 26, n. 2 (1999): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr98025.

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The range of the cane toad has expanded rapidly in the Northern Territory, and there is growing concern that the species may have a detrimental effect on the native fauna. The aim of this study, therefore, was to determine the short-term effects of cane toads on populations of native fauna and, specifically, to compare the species diversity and relative abundance of native fauna before, during and after the invasion of an area by cane toads. Five major groups of fauna (wingless invertebrates, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals) were sampled over two years. The study has provided little evidence that cane toads have a significant adverse effect in the short-term on the diversity and abundance of the native fauna examined. However, there was an indication that there may be a long-term indirect effect on some fauna. In the short-term the dingo (Canis lupus dingo) and one Order of insect (Coleoptera) were affected negatively. The possible long-term negative effect was on the small reptile fauna and particularly the small skinks. This may be an indirect effect on their food supply, because the groups affected were those that were considered neither to ingest cane toads nor to be eaten by cane toads.

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27

Kapur, Raman, S. R. Bhat e B. K. Tripathi. "Performance of Varietal Mixtures in Sugarcane". Experimental Agriculture 24, n. 2 (aprile 1988): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700015908.

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Abstract (sommario):

SUMMARYSix sugarcane varieties grown alone and in mixtures containing equal proportions of two or three varieties were evaluated for the economically important traits of the first crop and subsequent ratoon crops over a three year period. An increase in the yield of cane and sugar of up to 25% more than the average for the pure components was observed in some mixtures. The number of millable canes, sucrose content and cane yield in the mixtures was more stable than in the pure varieties. The advantages of growing varietal mixtures of sugarcane are discussed.

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28

Rono, Justice Kipkorir, Erick Kimutai Cheruiyot, Jacktone Odongo Othira, Virginia Wanjiku Njuguna, Joseph Kinyoro Macharia, James Owuoche, Moses Oyier e Alex Machio Kange. "Adaptability and Stability Study of Selected Sweet Sorghum Genotypes for Ethanol Production under Different Environments Using AMMI Analysis and GGE Biplots". Scientific World Journal 2016 (2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4060857.

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Abstract (sommario):

The genotype and environment interaction influences the selection criteria of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) genotypes. Eight sweet sorghum genotypes were evaluated at five different locations in two growing seasons of 2014. The aim was to determine the interaction between genotype and environment on cane, juice, and ethanol yield and to identify best genotypes for bioethanol production in Kenya. The experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design replicated three times. Sorghum canes were harvested at hard dough stage of grain development and passed through rollers to obtain juice that was then fermented to obtain ethanol. Cane, juice, and ethanol yield was analyzed using the additive main effect and multiplication interaction model (AMMI) and genotype plus genotype by environment (GGE) biplot. The combined analysis of variance of cane and juice yield of sorghum genotypes showed that sweet sorghum genotypes were significantly (P<0.05) affected by environments (E), genotypes (G) and genotype by environment interaction (GEI). GGE biplot showed high yielding genotypes EUSS10, ACFC003/12, SS14, and EUSS11 for cane yield; EUSS10, EUSS11, and SS14 for juice yield; and EUSS10, SS04, SS14, and ACFC003/12 for ethanol yield. Genotype SS14 showed high general adaptability for cane, juice, and ethanol yield.

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29

Ward, Andrew L. "Does soil texture influence the distribution of the greyback canegrub, Dermolepida albohirtum (Waterhouse) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), in the Burdekin River sugarcane growing area?" Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 54, n. 9 (2003): 861. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar03050.

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Abstract (sommario):

A series of experiments was undertaken to examine the effect of soil type on the spatial distribution of greyback canegrub in sugarcane in the Burdekin region of Queensland. These experiments examined spatial distribution at a district level as well as within individual fields, using both field and laboratory experiments. The studies concluded that soil type affected canegrub distribution both within fields and within the Burdekin district. However, the mechanisms affecting the distribution at each level were very different. At a regional or district level the preference of greyback canegrub for sandy delta-type soils over soil with higher clay content was hypothesised to be the result of preferential oviposition and improved larval survival in sandy soils over soils with a high clay content. At the field level, cane height was thought to be the primary reason for the patchy distribution of damage, with taller areas being damaged in preference to shorter areas. As all cane is planted or harvested at the same time in each field, differences in cane height between damaged and undamaged areas were thought to be the result of differences in soil type.

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30

Hoover, Emily, James Luby, David Bedford e Marvin Pritts. "Vegetative and Reproductive Yield Components of Primocane-fruiting Red Raspberries". Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 113, n. 6 (novembre 1988): 824–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.113.6.824.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract Selection criteria to identify primocane-fruiting red raspberry seedlings (Rubus idaeus L.) with high, early yield are desirable in regions with short growing seasons. To identify possible parents contributing these desirable characteristics, ‘Heritage’, ‘Redwing’, and two genotypes from the Minnesota breeding program were subjected to yield component analysis. In all genotypes, yield was determined by canes/meter of row, fruit per node, and fruit weight. Over the 3-year period, ‘Heritage’ had the highest yield/meter of row, yield per cane, fruit per cane, and number of fruit per fruiting node among all genotypes. Component compensation was highest for ‘Redwing’, while MN 652 had the greatest degree of independence among components. In selecting seedlings for early fruiting and high yield, high cane densities and/or large fruit size will be needed.

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31

Herrera-Herrera, Jesús Antonio, Odilia Pérez-Avalos, Luis M. Salgado e Teresa Ponce-Noyola. "Cyclic AMP regulates the biosynthesis of cellobiohydrolase in Cellulomonas flavigena growing in sugar cane bagasse". Archives of Microbiology 191, n. 10 (23 agosto 2009): 745–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00203-009-0502-y.

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32

Saltyk, Ivan, Lyudmila Malysheva, Olga Tsukanova e Galina Karpova. "Issues of increasing the effectiveness of beet and rawsugar subcomplexes in terms of environmental protection". BIO Web of Conferences 37 (2021): 00113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20213700113.

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Abstract (sommario):

The article discusses the issues of increasing the effectiveness of the functioning of beet and raw sugar subcomplexes in terms of environmental protection. The main areas of scientific and technical progress aimed at increasing the profitability of the production of sugar beets, sugar cane and sugar as a final product at these subcomplexes as well as reducing harmful effects of their growing andproduction processeson the atmosphere, soil, and water bodies have been identified. The authors consider the development of new product lines and machines in accordance with the system of machines for sugar factories, modernization of existing and development of new trailed beet and cane harvesting machines; resource saving: intensification of the use and processing of beet and cane raw materials, ensuring a minimum amount of waste and its comprehensive processing; problems of greening associated with the work of sugar factories.

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33

Browne, Frances B., Phillip M. Brannen, Harald Scherm, Marin T. Brewer, Susan B. Wilde e Elizabeth A. Richardson. "Orange Cane Blotch of Commercial Blackberry in the Southeastern United States". Plant Health Progress 20, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2019): 67–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-10-18-0065-br.

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Abstract (sommario):

Orange cane blotch affects commercial blackberry production in the southeastern United States, mainly in the Coastal Plain region. The causal agent is a slow-growing parasitic alga, Cephaleuros virescens, which has a wide host range. Disease development is linked to the biennial growth pattern of blackberry, whereby symptoms appear in the early fall and algal lesions expand throughout the winter, spring, and early summer of the following year. Preliminary phylogenetic analysis of 18S rDNA sequences suggests that blackberry isolates from different geographical locations cluster together and are genetically similar to each other and yet differ from isolates of C. virescens obtained from commercial blueberry.

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34

Fontes, Adán Fimbres, Raúl Leonel Grijalva Contreras, Manuel de Jesus Valenzuela Ruiz e Gerardo Matínez Díaz. "Study of the Regular and High Application of Water with Drip Irrigation and Its Effect in the Floral Buds of `Thompson Seedless' Grapes". HortScience 32, n. 3 (giugno 1997): 428C—428. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.428c.

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Abstract (sommario):

The region of Caborca is actually the largest grape-growing area in Mexico, with 14,000 ha. The main problem in this zone is the lack of water, and it is important to use this resource rationally. During 1990 and 1991, a drip irrigation experiment in `Thompson Seedless' table grapes was conducted. The four treatments were 120%, 166%, 206%, and 250% of the evaporation from a evaporation pan type A. The crop coefficients (Kc) applied were 7.5%, 15%, 52.5%, and 80% from the beginning of budding until 1 week after harvest, and 7.5% after harvest (postharvest). The results indicated that the best treatments were 120% (105 cm of total water applied) and 166%, with no reduction in the floral buds (5.4 per cane for 120); however, 206% and 250% (202 cm of total water applied) got the lowest number of floral buds (0.90 per cane) for the following year, and, because of that, the lowest clusters per cane.

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35

Franco, Henrique Coutinho Junqueira, Paulo Cesar Ocheuze Trivelin, André César Vitti, Rafael Otto, Carlos Eduardo Faroni e João Gabriel Tovajar. "Utilization of Boron (10B) derived from fertilizer by sugar cane". Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 33, n. 6 (dicembre 2009): 1667–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832009000600015.

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Abstract (sommario):

The response to B in agricultural systems of sugar cane is still an unexplored issue; B application has however recently been widely publicized and used with a certain degree of frequency. The use of 10B-labeled fertilizers may further contribute to clarify this practice. With the objective of evaluating sugar cane use of B (10B) derived from fertilizer (boric acid), an experiment was conducted under field conditions in the 2005/2006 growing season. The experiment consisted of the installation of microplots (2 x 1.5 m) where 4 kg ha-1 B (boric acid with 85.95 % in 10B atoms) dissolved in water was applied 90 days after planting (May 2005). The solution was applied to the soil on both sides of the plant row at a distance of 20 cm. After harvest (June 2006) the B content and 10B abundance in % atoms in all parts of the sugar cane plants (stalks, dry leaves, tips and roots) were determined. Results showed that the total B accumulated was 471 g ha-1 in the entire plant (35 % in the stalks, 22 % in the dry leaves, 9 % in the tips and 34 % in the roots). The sugar cane plants used on average 14 % of the total accumulated B in the above-ground part (44 g ha-1) and 11 % in the roots (19 g ha-1), totaling 13 % in the entire plant (63 g ha-1). The recovery of 10B-fertilizer by sugar cane plants was low, around 2 % of the total applied amount.

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36

Kelly, R. M., D. G. Edwards, J. P. Thompson e R. C. Magarey. "Growth responses of sugarcane to mycorrhizal spore density and phosphorus rate". Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 56, n. 12 (2005): 1405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar04185.

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Abstract (sommario):

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, commonly found in long-term cane-growing fields in northern Queensland, are linked with both negative and positive growth responses by sugarcane (Saccharum spp.), depending on P supply. A glasshouse trial was established to examine whether AM density might also have an important influence on these growth responses. Mycorrhizal spores (Glomus clarum), isolated from a long-term cane block in northern Queensland, were introduced into a pasteurised low-P cane soil at 5 densities (0, 0.06, 0.25, 1, 4 spores/g soil) and with 4 P treatments (0, 8.2, 25, and 47 mg/kg). At 83 days after planting, sugarcane tops responded positively to P fertilizer, although responses attributable to spore density were rarely observed. In one case, addition of 4 spores/g led to a 53% yield response over those without AM at 8 mg P/kg, or a relative benefit of 17 mg P/kg. Root colonisation was reduced for plants with nil or 74 mg P/kg. For those without AM, P concentration in the topmost visible dewlap (TVD) leaf increased significantly with fertiliser P (0.07 v. 0.15%). However, P concentration increased further with the presence of AM spores. Irrespective of AM, the critical P concentration in the TVD leaf was 0.18%. This study confirms earlier reports that sugarcane is poorly responsive to AM. Spore density, up to 4 spores/g soil, appears unable to influence this responsiveness, either positively or negatively. Attempts to gain P benefits by increasing AM density through rotation seem unlikely to lead to yield increases by sugarcane. Conversely, sugarcane grown in fields with high spore densities and high plant-available P, such as long-term cane-growing soils, is unlikely to suffer a yield reduction from mycorrhizal fungi.

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37

Sullivan, J. A., B. A. Hale e D. P. Ormrod. "Impact of Seasonal Ozone Exposure on Yield and Vegetative Growth of Primocane-fruiting Raspberry". HortScience 29, n. 9 (settembre 1994): 1059–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.9.1059.

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Abstract (sommario):

Factorial experiments in two growing seasons in open-top field chambers with two or three O3 concentrations and two primocane-fruiting raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) cultivars were used to obtain dose-response relationships describing the effects of seasonal O3 exposure on raspberry plant vegetative and reproductive growth. At the lower concentration (0.12 μl·liter-1), the response to O3 was nonsignificant. However, at 0.24 μl·liter-1, `Heritage' showed a significant decline relative to the control in cane height, node count, cane diameter, and dry weight. These changes were accompanied by a 52% decrease in yield, caused mainly by a reduction in fruit count. In contrast, vegetative and yield characters of the `Redwing' were not affected by O3.

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38

Kodeš, Zdeněk, Maria Vrublevskaya, Markéta Kulišová, Petr Jaroš, Martina Paldrychová, Karolína Pádrová, Kristýna Lokočová, Andrea Palyzová, Olga Maťátková e Irena Kolouchová. "Composition and Biological Activity of Vitis vinifera Winter Cane Extract on Candida Biofilm". Microorganisms 9, n. 11 (19 novembre 2021): 2391. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9112391.

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Abstract (sommario):

Vitis vinifera canes are waste material of grapevine pruning and thus represent cheap source of high-value polyphenols. In view of the fact that resistance of many pathogenic microorganisms to antibiotics is a growing problem, the antimicrobial activity of plant polyphenols is studied as one of the possible approaches. We have investigated the total phenolic content, composition, antioxidant activity, and antifungal activity against Candida biofilm of an extract from winter canes and a commercially available extract from blue grapes. Light microscopy and confocal microscopy imaging as well as crystal violet staining were used to quantify and visualize the biofilm. We found a decrease in cell adhesion to the surface depending on the concentration of resveratrol in the cane extract. The biofilm formation was observed as metabolic activity of Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis and Candida krusei biofilm cells and the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations were determined. The highest inhibition of metabolic activity was observed in Candida albicans biofilm after treatment with the cane extract (30 mg/L) and blue grape extract (50 mg/L). The composition of cane extract was analyzed and found to be comparatively different from blue grape extract. In addition, the content of total phenolic groups in cane extract was three-times higher (12.75 gGA/L). The results showed that cane extract was more effective in preventing biofilm formation than blue grape extract and winter canes have proven to be a potential source of polyphenols for antimicrobial and antibiofilm treatment.

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39

Sánchez-Pale, Jesús Ricardo, Rosalba Quiñones-Valdez, Hilda Victoria Silva-Rojas, Alvaro Castañeda-Vildozola, Omar Franco-Mora e Apolonio Valdez-Balero. "Spatial pattern of mottled stripe disease (Herbaspirillum rubrisubalbicans) in sugar cane". Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo 54, n. 2 (19 dicembre 2022): 126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.089.

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Abstract (sommario):

Sugar cane (Saccharum spp. hybrids) is the most important agroindustrial crop of the tropics. Recently, sugar cane plants with chlorotic leaf streaking associated with the bacterium Herbaspirillum rubrisubalbicans have been observed. This disease impacts photosynthetic capacity and yield. Characterizing the spatio-temporal behavior of chlorotic mottling using prediction maps is an important element of integrated disease management. Here, we determine the spatial distribution of mottled stripe disease in sugar cane in southeastern Mexico. To do this, we randomly chose and georeferenced 80 points in commercial plots in 2016 and 2017 to determine the disease incidence. We generated an experimental semivariogram based on a predetermined theoretical model and estimated Kriging. The incidence was 2.93% in 2016 and 5.36% in 2017 in varieties ICP-MEX-92-1420, CP-72-2086, ITV-92-373, MEX-79434 and MEX-69-290. The spatial behavior of the bacteria fit the pentaspherical model in 2016 and the spherical model in 2017. Spatial interpolation was validated by Mean Error (ME), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Standardized Prediction Error (MSPE) values near zero, visualized using the generated map. The results will be used to guide management of mottled stripe disease in sugar cane in the affected area. Highlights H. rubrisubalbicans can persist from sugar cane growing season to the next and spread from one plot to another by different mechanisms. The chlorotic mottling of sugar cane showed an aggregate type spatial behavior at the regional level. The differences in spatial patterns between seasons show the dispersion potential of the disease in this crop system, as well as a latent infestation in the area. The semivariograms and maps show aggregate behavior of this disease, expressed as different spatial patterns given by the spatial dependence among points and the severity of the effects in each plot.

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40

Allebrandt, Ricardo, José Luiz Marcon Filho, Douglas André Würz, Betina Pereira de Bem, Aike Anneliese Kretzschmar e Leo Rufato. "Pruning methods on the yield performance and oenological potential of 'Nebbiolo' grapevine". Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 52, n. 11 (novembre 2017): 1017–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2017001100007.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different pruning methods on the yield performance and on the oenological potential of Vitis vinifera 'Nebbiolo', cultivated in high-altitude regions of Santa Catarina state, Brazil. The work was carried out in a commercial vineyard located in São Joaquim, SC, during the 2011/2012 and 2014/2015 crop seasons. The treatments consisted of four pruning systems: Guyot, Guyot Arch, and Cazenave (cane pruning systems), and cordon spur pruning. Production, vine balance, and grape composition were evaluated. In the cane pruning systems, a mean production of 2.0 kg per plant and Ravaz index below 2 were observed, with no change in the composition of the berries. In spur pruned vines, there was production only in 2015, with four bunches every ten plants. Yield and production of the 'Nebbiolo' grapes can be increased without losses of oenological potential, in the high-altitude regions of Santa Catarina state. The tested cane pruning methods are indicated for the growing of 'Nebbiolo' because all methods confer similar yield and vigor to this grapevine.

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41

Monteiro, Ana I., Helena Ferreira, Jorge V. Ferreira-Cardoso, Aureliano C. Malheiro e Eunice A. Bacelar. "Assessment of bud fruitfulness of three grapevine varieties grown in northwest Portugal". OENO One 56, n. 3 (21 settembre 2022): 385–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2022.56.3.5363.

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Abstract (sommario):

Assessing bud fruitfulness (fertility) before budburst can provide useful information for determining the yield potential for the following growing season and allows the number of buds per vine to be adjusted according to the productive potential of each season. The present study aims to assess bud fruitfulness and the incidence of necrotic buds using different analysis techniques in three spur pruned (cordon) grapevine white varieties planted in the Vinhos Verdes Demarcated Region (VVDR), NW Portugal. The first two dormant buds and cane samples were collected before winter pruning in December 2016 and 2017 from three (Vitis vinifera L.) varieties (Alvarinho, Fernão-Pires and Loureiro) in two different VVDR sub-regions. The fruitfulness and the incidence of bud necrosis were determined using anatomical bud analysis and by forcing bud growth under controlled environmental conditions. Additional analyses were performed to determine the total soluble sugars and starch in cane samples on node and internode regions. There were significant differences in fruitfulness among varieties over the two growing seasons (2016/2017 and 2017/2018). The Fernão-Pires variety showed the highest bud fruitfulness for the two first buds of the three varieties. Total soluble sugars and starch content were influenced by the site, variety and position on the cane. A year-to-year variation was observed, with a decrease in bud necrosis and an increase in the fruitfulness indices and carbohydrates content from 2016/2017 to 2017/2018. To our knowledge, no previous studies combining anatomical and forced bud growth techniques have been carried out on these three white varieties.

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42

Membrillo, Isabel, Carmen Sánchez, Marcos Meneses, Ernesto Favela e Octavio Loera. "Particle geometry affects differentially substrate composition and enzyme profiles by Pleurotus ostreatus growing on sugar cane bagasse". Bioresource Technology 102, n. 2 (gennaio 2011): 1581–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.08.091.

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43

Strautiņa, Sarmīte, Ieva Kalniņa e Roberts Lūsēns. "Raspberry Cultivar ‘Glen Ample’ Growing Under High Tunnels in Latvia". Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences 67, n. 2 (1 agosto 2013): 162–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2013-0025.

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Abstract (sommario):

Raspberries are among the most important berry crops in Latvia, but innovative solutions for their growing have not been very popular due of high implementation expenses. Use of rain shelters or other ways to protect berry production from unfavourable weather conditions can significantly increase their quality and consumer acceptance. The aim of this study was to compare different cover systems and assess their suitability for raspberry growing in Latvia. The study was conducted at the Latvia State Institute of Fruit-Growing. The cultivar ‘Glen Ample’ was grown in two types of high tunnels: Haygrove IV series and FVG (Folien-Vertriebs GmbH), and in open field. The temperature and air humidity regime in high tunnels promoted cane growth resulting in increased number of fruit laterals and yield, as well as weight of berries. Floricane length and number of fruiting laterals was significantly higher than in the open field. Similarly, the average berry weight and yield per row meter was significantly higher in tunnels than in open field, in both years of the evaluation.

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44

Pintér, Csaba. "Harvesting system established for the utilisation of Miscanthus sinensis ‘tatai’ “energy cane” in biomass power plants". Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, n. 69 (23 marzo 2016): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/69/1803.

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Abstract (sommario):

The increasing demand for energy worldwide and the resulting environmental impacts of fossil fuels forced many countries to turn to renewable energy resources as a clean and sustainable alternative. More than a third of Europe’s binding renewable energy source target of 20% by 2020 will come from solid biomass for electricity and heating according to the National Renewable Energy Action Plans submitted by member states of the European Union (EU) to the European Commission. To achieve this goal long-term yield studies in renewable energy plants are important to determine mean annual biomass and energy yield, and CO2 emission. Field experiments worldwide and also in Europe have demonstrated that Miscanthus, a fast-growing C4 rhizomatous grass can produce some of the highest biomass and energy yield per hectare of all potential energy plants. Miscanthus is a plant that originates from the southern slopes of the Himalayas. It was bred for the Hungarian climatic conditions in 2006 under the name of Miscanthus sinensis ‘Tatai’ (MsT). The species has high frost and drought tolerance and high energy value. This is why there is growing demand for the biomass (lignocellulose) produced by growing this plant. The biomass, produced from the high yield energy reed, can be transported to power plants in large quantities, in forms of bales. Its household consumption is not yet significant. This study presents the external features, characteristics, propagation and plantation process of MsT energy reed. The study also demonstrates the harvest technology of the species worked out between 2009–2012 in Tata, Hungary and the options of supplying to biomass power stations.

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45

Reynolds, Andrew G. "‘Riesling’ Grapes Respond to Cluster Thinning and Shoot Density Manipulation". Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 114, n. 3 (maggio 1989): 364–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.114.3.364.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract Five-year-old ‘Riesling’ grape (Vitis vinifera) vines growing in the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia were subjected to three crop levels (full crop, two clusters per shoot, and one cluster per shoot) in combination with no shoot thinning or thinning to 24 shoots per meter of row. Reduction in crop level improved vine size and cane periderm formation slightly. Yield per vine was linearly related to crop level, but berry weight, berries per cluster, and cluster weight increased with decreasing crop level. °Brix and pH increased and titratable acidity decreased with reduction in crop level. Thinning to 24 shoots per meter of row provided some improvement in yield components and °Brix. Crop loads below 10 kg of fruit per kilogram of cane prunings are necessary to achieve adequate fruit maturity under Okanagan conditions.

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46

Rae, DJ, e RE Jones. "Influence of Host Nitrogen Levels on Development, Survival, Size and Population-Dynamics of Sugarcane Mealybug, Saccharicoccus-Sacchari (Cockerell) (Hemiptera, Pseudococcidae)". Australian Journal of Zoology 40, n. 3 (1992): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9920327.

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Abstract (sommario):

Nitrogen levels in commercial plots of sugarcane varied over the cane-growing season. However, when adjusted for seasonal effects, nitrogen did not have a detectable effect on the size of mealybug populations on cane. In laboratory experiments, the survival of immature Saccharicoccus sacchari and the size attained at the onset of the oviposition period was influenced by the level of nitrogen fertiliser applied to potted sugarcane. Survival of S. sacchari increased to a maximum at 320 mg L-1 soluble nitrogen in sugarcane and decreased at higher levels, while size increased with increased nitrogen over the whole range of concentrations tested. Nitrogen-driven changes in the abundance of S. sacchari predicted from laboratory data indicate that normal variations in nitrogen concentrations of field-grown sugarcane have little effect on the population dynamics of S. sacchari.

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47

Atkinson, P. R., e A. J. M. Carnegie. "Population dynamics of the sugarcane borer, Eldana saccharina Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), in Natal, South Africa". Bulletin of Entomological Research 79, n. 1 (marzo 1989): 61–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300018575.

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Abstract (sommario):

AbstractInfestations of the sugarcane pest Eldana saccharina Walker have been consistently serious in one part of the cane-growing belt of Natal, South Africa. Mortality in this region over seven years was estimated from moth catches in light traps, checked against population change measured from extensive larval counts, and plotted against climatic indices. The object was to construct a predictive model to illustrate mortality in other regions of the cane belt, to which infestations have spread in recent years. The spread southwards along the coast did not seem to have resulted from a decrease in natural mortality, but the spread to higher altitudes appeared to be due to lower mortality associated with warmer and drier years. The phenology of the insect and the effect of the annual harvesting cycle on phenology are discussed.

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48

Jara-Muñoz, Orland Adolfo, Daniel Franco, Tebbitt Mark e Susan Swensen. "A NEW SPECIES OF BEGONIA FROM THE CHOCÓ BIOGEOGRAPHICAL REGION OF COLOMBIA". Edinburgh Journal of Botany 79 (18 agosto 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24823/ejb.2022.399.

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Abstract (sommario):

A new cane-like begonia species, Begonia embera Jara & D.Franco, is described and illustrated. Morphological and molecular evidence suggest that it belongs to Begonia sect. Ruizopavonia. This species has been collected only in the Chocó Department, Colombia, growing by streams that flow into the Atrato river. We discuss its phylogenetic relationships, provide illustrations, and present the findings of an assessment of its conservation status.

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49

Putra, Bramantio Andananta Chrisna. "RISK ASSESSMENT ALAT PRODUKSI GULA CANE KNIFE PADA STASIUN GILINGAN DI PT. X". Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health 7, n. 3 (15 gennaio 2019): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijosh.v7i3.2018.273-281.

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Abstract (sommario):

Industrial development in Indonesia is growing rapidly. This should be balanced with the application of good HA safety risk management to workplace hazard risks. As in PT. X Lumajang Regency, in its production process has great potential hazard. One of them is in the cane knife tool at Gilingan Station that has been damaged in operation and has an employee accident impact. Therefore, to prevent the occurrence of recurrence of risk assessment, including hazard identification, risk assessment and hazard control. The purpose of this study is to conduct risk assessment using the method of failure mode effect analysis (FMEA) on the Cane Knife production process tool in PT. X Lumajang District. This research is descriptive research. The target of this research is sugar production process at PT. X with the informant is 1 person Quality Control (QC), 1 person production operators and 1 supervisor. The results show that there are 6 (six) failure modes that occur in the cane knife tool. Based on the Risk Priority Number (RPN), the highest failure mode occurs is a broken clutch string. While for risk control, quite enough. This is because there have been risk control efforts include technical control that is the installation of safety valve, administrative control is the application of SOP for workers and personal protective equipment. But for personal protective equipment only safety helmet, for other companies do not provide. The conclusion that can be drawn is the need for better risk control, especially on the damage that occurred on the clutch rope broken tool cane knife.Keywords: cane knife, failure mode effect analysis, risk assessment

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Endrizal, Endrizal, Julistia Bobihoe, Jon Hendri, Araz Meilin, Jumakir Jumakir e Busra B. Saidi. "Intercropping of potato within sugarcane plants in a double row planting system under wet climate". October 2021, n. 15(10):2021 (2 ottobre 2021): 1339–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.21.15.10.p3337.

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Growing sugarcane in a double row planting system is one way to increase the productivity and sugar cane yield. Intercropping within sugarcane crops can increase the growth and productivity of sugarcane. This study aims to increase the productivity of sugarcane by adding value to potato cropping. The study used Randomized Block Design, where the treatments ae as follows: sugar cane as a planting system (A), double castor planting system (PtoP 210/50 cm) with cuttings of sugarcane stem + potato’s (B); double distance planting system (PtoP 185/50 cm) with cuttings stem sugarcane + potato’s (C); double distance planting system (PtoP 160/50 cm) with cuttings sugarcane stem + potato’s (D); double distance wedge system (PtoP 135/50 cm) with cuttings of sugarcane stem + potato. The planting system (PtoP 110/50 cm) with cuttings of sugarcane stem without planting potato was considered as control (E). All planting systems were repeated four times. The results of the study showed that the agronomic growth of sugar cane crops in some planting systems is not different, but in C and D planting systems, the number of leaves and the number of tillers were higher compared to others. Potatoes crop production in planting systems C reached 11,880 tons ha-1, which is higher than the production of planting systems A (8,640 tons ha-1.) and planting systems B (8,400 tons ha-1). After combining the determining factors of sugar cane production, the C planting systems is recommended for development of sugarcane crops because is better than other planting systems. The population of sugar cane plants in the C planting systems reached 18,000 clumps of plants per hectare

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