Tesi sul tema "Cancers du poumon non à petites cellules"
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Sève, Pascal. "Pharmacorésistance et cancer du poumon Non à petites cellules". Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10008.
Testo completoMAGNIN, JEAN-LUC. "Etude de la survie a deux ans des cancers du poumon non anaplasiques a petites cellules non resecables non metastases". Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX20079.
Testo completoSaintigny, Pierre. "Contribution à l’étude de la diffusion métastatique dans les cancers bronchiques non à petites cellules". Paris 13, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA132022.
Testo completoThe purpose of this work was to study the lymphatic as well as hematogeneous metastatic diffusion, by detecting occult tumour cells, and by studying the role of EPO/EPOR and VEGF-C/VEGFR-3. The diagnosis of mediastinal lymph node occult tumor cells using real-time RT-PCR for the detection of a panel of mRNA markers has been validated. By using the same tool, circulating tumour cells have been detected in 30% patients who undergone curative surgery; we failed to find any correlation with survival and response to chemotherapy. VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 expression in tumor cells was investigated in both primitive tumor and metastatic lymp nodes; a coexpression of these factors was observed in 39% of the tumors, and was associated with a high proliferation rate, high risk of lymph node metastasis, and poor survival. VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 were coexpressed in 71% of metastatic tumour cells. Finally, EPO/EPO-R coexpression in tumour cell is an independent poor prognostic factor in patientsundergoing surgery
Planque, Chris. "Expression de kallicreines tissulaires humaines dans les cancers broncho-pulmonaires non à petites cellules". Tours, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOUR4042.
Testo completoEvaluation of 8 human tissue kallikrein gene expression (15 genes) in lung cancer showed that, except for KLK8, all kallikrein gene transcription resulted in synthesis of a major mRNA encoding kallikrein protein. Altogether, we identified 24 KLK transcripts in lung tissue and 11 mRNA were never described yet. We also quantified using real-time RT-PCR those KLK gene expression in normal and tumoral lung tissues Our results revealed that KLK10 and KLK11 displayed similar expression in normal and tumor lung tissues, whereas KLK5 and KLK7 differential expression was correlated with tumor histotype. KLK13 and KLK14 expression was altered in patients with or without lymph nodes metastasis. The KLK6 and KLK8 genes were highly over-expressed in NSCLC compared to normal lung tissue. Moreover, increased expression of KLK6 and KLK8 genes correlated with negative patient prognosis suggesting that proteins encoded by those genes may be involved in neo-plastic progression
BALDUIN, MARIE-THERESE. "Radiotherapie a visee curative des cancers broncho-pulmonaires non a petites cellules t1n0 et t2n0 : a propos de 53 observations". Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO1M169.
Testo completoPallier, Karine. "Associations d'altérations génétiques et liens de coopérations oncogénique dans les cancers broncho-pulmonaires non à petites cellules". Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05T058.
Testo completoTAVERNIER, MAXIME. "Place du scanner thoracique dans le bilan pre-operatoire des cancers broncho-pulmonaires non a petites cellules : a propos de 50 cas". Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO1M481.
Testo completoDerniame, Sophie. "Cancer du poumon / Réponse immunitaire locale - modulation tumeur dépendante". Nancy 1, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2006_0097_DERNIAME.pdf.
Testo completoLung cancer is the most frequent type of cancer in the world. Smoking is clearly the major cause of this pathology. The proliferation of tumor cells induces an inflammatory stromal reaction comprising numerous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. In this study, four complementary approaches have been used to study the tumor-dependent modulation of the immune system : TCR Vβ repertoire usage in flow cytometry, TCRγ gene clonal rearrangements in denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE/TTGE), tumor and healthy lung tissue infiltration as well as lymph nodes characteristics in immunohistology and cytokine production by RNA RT-PCR. The results obtained have demonstrated the oligoclonality of T-cells in the three types of tissues tested. A Vβ13. 1 clone and a gamma clone appeared to be specifics of epidermoid carcinoma. Similarly, two TCRγ clones appeared to be restricted to adenocarcinoma. Moreover, the CD3/TCR complex was clearly down regulated in tumors compared to healthy tissue or lymph nodes. Similarly, HLA-DR, HLA-DQ and β2 microglobuline, strongly expressed on healthy pneumocytes were nearly absent from tumor cells. Several cytokines with antagonistic effects were detected within tumoral tissue, especially TGFβ and IL-10, which favour tumor growth and TNFalpha and IFNγ which potentialize the anti-tumoral immune response. In conclusion, the clones identified in healthy lung tissue could be specific of early pre-tumoral lesions induced by tobacco smoke, and some of the clones appear to be tumor-specific. However, the immune system has been defeated by several mechanisms, including a decrease of the expression of partners of the immunological synapse and the production of antagonistic cytokines
Guilbaud, Emma. "Nouvelles altérations métaboliques des cancers bronchiques non à petites cellules : rôle de l’efflux du cholestérol et de la mitophagie". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2021. http://theses.univ-cotedazur.fr/2021COAZ6021.
Testo completoLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for up to 85% of all cases. Most of patients are diagnosed with late-stage lung cancer and despite recent advances in effective therapies such as targeted therapies and immunotherapies, the average 5-year survival rate is around 20%. Therefore, a better biological insights of cancer cells to exploit their vulnerabilities are essential to improve potential therapeutic targets and patient outcome. In this context, I got interested in metabolic alterations in NSCLC.First, I focused on the role of cholesterol efflux pathways during NSCLC development. High density lipoproteins (HDLs), mainly consisting of apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I), are involved in the process of cellular cholesterol efflux. HDLs remove cholesterol excess from peripheral tissue cells by active cholesterol transport, mediated by ABC transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1. Using a mouse model of lung-tumor bearing KRASG12D mutation (CCSPCRE-ERTM/+;KrasG12D/+), we identified that disruption of cholesterol efflux pathways by specific inactivation of Abca1 and Abcg1 in cancer cells promoted a pro-tolerogenic tumor microenvironment and tumor growth. Overexpression of the apolipoprotein A-I, to raise HDL levels, limited the cholesterol lung retention and protected these mice from tumor development and dire pathologic consequences. Cholesterol removal therapy with methyl-β-cyclodextrin inhalation also reduced tumor burden in progressing tumor by suppressing the proliferation and expansion of epithelial progenitor cells of tumor-origin. Local and systemic perturbations of cholesterol efflux pathways was confirmed in human lung adenocarcinoma. Our results position cholesterol removal therapy as a putative metabolic target in lung cancer progenitor cells.Next, I studied the role of mitophagy during NSCLC development. The selective elimination of damaged mitochondria by the machinery of autophagy is crucial to regulate mitochondrial activity, a process called mitophagy. The most-characterized mitophagy pathway relies on the PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) and the ubiquitin E3 ligase PARKIN. Hence, we explored the role of PINK1-mediated mitophagy in two murine lung cancer cell lines, LLC-1 and tumor-derived cell line from KrasG12D/+;p53-/- mouse (KP), in vitro and in vivo. First, we demonstrated in vitro the ability of two murine lung cancer cell lines, LLC-1 and KP cells, to remove damaged mitochondria by mitophagy following mitochondrial damages. This process requires the formation of autophagosomes by the ATG7 (autophagy related 7) protein. We also demonstrated that mitochondrial damages in LLC-1 and KP cells stabilize and activate PINK1, but not PARKIN, which is not expressed in those cells. Finally, using immunocompetent mice, we identified that disruption of PINK1-dependent mitophagy, similar to ATG7 loss as a complete autophagy/mitophagy inhibition, significantly increased LLC-1 tumor growth in vivo. PINK1-deficient tumors accumulated aberrant mitochondria and reduced inflammatory cytokines production, correlating with reduction of neutrophil infiltration. Those preliminary data suggest that PINK1-dependent PARKIN-independent mitophagy in lung cancer cells contributes to the control of lung tumor growth. We hypothesize that it may be based, at least in part, on the induction of an effective anti-cancer immune surveillance
Liu, Peng. "Mort cellulaire immunogène induite par le crizotinib dans le cancer poumon non à petites cellules". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS148.
Testo completoAccumulating evidence suggests that certain conventional chemotherapies, radiotherapies, as well as targeted therapies mediate their long-term therapeutic success by inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD), which stimulate the release or exposure of danger-associated molecular patterns from or on cancer cells, causing their recognition by the immune system, thus reinstating immunosurveillance. An unbiased screen identified crizotinib as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that is potent in provoking hallmarks of ICD. In subsequent low-throughput validation experiments, crizotinib promoted Calreticulin exposure, ATP secretion, HMGB1 release, as well as ER stress in both human and murine cancer cells, especially if it is combined with normally non-ICD inducing chemotherapeutics such as cisplatin. ICD induced by the combination of chemotherapy and crizotinib was also observed in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cells lacking activating mutations of the crizotinib targets ALK and ROS1, suggesting an off-target-mediated mode of action. Comparative studies indicated that exclusively the clinically used (R) isoform of crizotinib was efficient in inducing cell death and stimulating ICD hallmarks whereas the (S) enantiomer lacked those characteristics. When combined with cisplatin, crizotinib-killed fibrosarcoma MCA205 cells as well as lung cancer TC-1 cells efficiently vaccinated syngeneic immunocompetent mice against a re-challenge with live cancer cells of the same types. Crizotinib improved the efficacy of chemotherapy with non-ICD inducers (such as cisplatin and mitomycin C) on three distinct (transplantable, carcinogen- or oncogene induced) orthotopic NSCLC models, none of which relied on the activation of ALK or ROS1. Of note these anticancer effects were completely lost if any of the ICD signals was blocked. These anticancer efficacies in different models were linked to an increased T lymphocyte infiltration as a sign of an immune response and were lost if such tumors grew on immunodeficient (nu/nu) mice that are athymic and hence lack thymus-dependent T lymphocytes, or on immunocompetent mice with a neutralization of interferon-. The combination of cisplatin and crizotinib led to an increase in the expression of CTLA-4, PD-1 and PD-L1 in tumors, coupled to a strong sensitization of NSCLC to immunotherapy with antibodies blocking CTLA-4 and PD-1. Hence, a combination of crizotinib, conventional chemotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade may be active against NSCLC, and these data might facilitate the design of clinical trials to evaluated novel combination regiments for the treatment of NSCLC
Van, Huffel Serge. "Traitement des carcinomes bronchiques primitifs non à petites cellules : à propos d'une série hospitalière de 292 cas". Bordeaux 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR23017.
Testo completoGautier-Isola, Marine. "Caractérisation fonctionnelle de longs ARNs non codants induits par l’hypoxie et impliqués dans l’agressivité des cancers pulmonaires non à petites cellules". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COAZ6026.
Testo completoLung cancers, and notably Lung Adenocarcinomas (LUAD) are the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Their high rate of recurrence despite early, requires new prognostic markers and new therapeutic targets. The combined study of local cohort (CHU of Nice) and large scale (TCGA) transcriptomes of LUAD allowed the identification of a shortlist of 28 long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) correlated with hypoxia, a factor of tumor aggressiveness, and a poor prognosis. LncRNAs are transcripts that modulate gene expression through the recruitment of proteins and/or nucleic acids and represent an interesting source of new therapeutic targets. Two lncRNAs candidate were selected and molecular characterization was undertaken by sequencing, RT-PCR and smRNA FISH and concern the nuclear lncRNA NLUCAT1 of 9,8kb and the cytosolic lncRNA LINC01116 of 1,2kb. Experiments with loss of function via CRISPR/Cas9 systems, interference RNA and gain of function allowed to characterize the function of these transcripts. Invalidation of NLUCAT1 by CRISPR/Cas9 reduces proliferation, migration, invasion and increases cisplatin sensitivity and ROS production. Bioinformatic analysis of transcriptomes from cells invalidated or not for NLUCAT1 has demonstrated its involvement in the mechanisms of regulation of oxidative stress via a positive feedback from the NRF2 antioxidant pathway. On the other hand, lncRNA LINC01116 is mainly expressed in endothelial cells of the tumor microenvironment and its inhibition by interfering RNA reduces the adhesion capacities and increases the permeability of the endothelium. Mechanistic characterization was perform for LINC01116 via RNA pulldown-MS co-precipitation experiments and idenfied a list of potential partner proteins. The proteins of RNA metabolism and stability, ILF3 and PABPC1 were identified and their interactions with LINC01116 were validated by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP). Overall, during my thesis, I determine the pro-tumoral action of the NLUCAT1 in LUAD and the involvement of LINC01116 in the modification of the tumor microenvironment. These two transcripts could represent potential therapeutic targets in the management of lung cancer
Martin, Bernabe Alfonso. "Une approche protéomique pour comprendre les adaptations métaboliques du cancer du poumon non à petites cellules". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAS027.
Testo completoLung cancers are broadly classified into two main groups: small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for approximately 83% of all lung cancer cases with an overall 5-year survival rate of 21%. Conventional therapies in NSCLC including radiotherapy and platinum-based chemotherapy lack specificity and often cause severe side effects as they affect healthy cells. To address this problem, targeted therapies have been successfully used due to their specificity for cancer cells. Targeted therapies against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements have been shown to be effective in NSCLC. However, therapeutic response may be limited due to drug resistance. This is the case of patients whose tumors harbor activating KRAS mutation that leads to constitutive activity of RAS signaling independent of upstream signals. For this reason, a better comprehension of tumor progression and resistance is needed to improve cancer treatments. To date, approaches targeting oncogenic KRAS have been unsuccessful. Given the importance of metabolic reprogramming in multiple cancers including lung cancer and the regulatory role of KRAS signaling. We explored the metabolic reprogramming of KRAS-driven NSCLC cells to find vulnerabilities in the altered metabolism that can be exploited as therapeutic targets.For this, we characterized the proteome of NSCLC cell lines (A549 and NCI-H460) harboring activating mutations of the oncogene KRAS with particular focus on metabolic enzymes. We found not only up-regulation expression of glycolytic enzymes, which is frequently found in cancer as part of the “Warburg effect”, but also a remarkable up-regulation of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) in both oxidative and non-oxidative branches. Based on this study, we evaluated the feasibility of use PPP enzyme (glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) and transketolase (TKT)) as targets for improve or develop of new therapies.Recently, protein lysine acetylation (KDAC) has emerged as a metabolism-coordinating mechanism and mounting evidence has shown that acetylation regulation of metabolic enzymes plays a major role in cancer. Consequently, lysine deacetylases inhibitors (KDACIs) have drawn attention not only as promising strategies for therapeutic intervention but also as tool for studying the role of lysine acetylation in NSCLC metabolic reprogramming. Furthermore, metabolic reprogramming also depends strongly on the tumor microenvironment such as oxygen level. Therefore, we also analyzed the inhibition of KDAC under normoxic and hypoxic conditions in order to better understand the adaptive strategies under such perturbations. Our results showed that KDACIs induce low cell proliferation, differentiation, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis accompanied by a change in the tumor metabolic phenotype enhanced under hypoxia. Together, these results allow us to better understand how KDACIs control metabolic pathways under hypoxia in NSCLC
Gratas-Rabbia-Ré, Catherine. "NSCLC N6 (carcinome bronchopulmonaire non à petites cellules) : nouveau modèle expérimental d'origine humaine pour la détection et l'étude de produits potentiellement anticancereux". Nantes, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NANT03VS.
Testo completoGirard, Philippe. "Traitement actuel du cancer bronchique non à petites cellules au stade IIIb : à propos d'une série de 44 patients". Saint-Etienne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STET6405.
Testo completoMoreau, Dimitri Roussakis Christos. "Étude de nouvelles cibles moléculaires de cancer bronchopulmonaire non à petites cellules pharmacomodulées par des substances originales naturelles et synthétiques". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=27686.
Testo completoGiroux, Leprieur Etienne. "Facteurs de résistance à la chimiothérapie à base de sels de platine dans les cancers bronchiques non à petites cellules : Rôle de la voie Sonic Hedgehog dans la chimiorésistance". Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066223/document.
Testo completoNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is known to be chemoresistant. Few robust markers of chemoresistance have been validated so far in this type of cancer. We have described in this work new innovative markers of resistance to cisplatin-based chemotherapy in NSCLC. After the study of usual clinical and molecular caracteristics of patients who were refractory to chemotherapy, we have then explored the role of the Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) pathway in NSCLC and its impact in term of chemoresistance. We have shown that Shh pathway, closely linked with cancer stem cells, was correlated with the refractory property to chemotherapy. Positive Gli2 immunohistochemistry score was associated with tumor progression et progression-free survival. We have also demonstrated a correlation between Shh activation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, known to be linked with tumor aggressiveness, metastatic ability and chemoresistance. We have then validated the great role of Shh pathway in tumor proliferation and chemoresistance in another thoracic cancer, known to be chemoresistant, the malignant pleural mesothelioma. At last, the impact of ceancer stem cells on tumor aggressiveness and prognosis has been demonstrated through the study of the expression of hPAF1C (human polymerase II-associated factor 1 complex), described as overactivated in cancer stem cells and linked to Shh pathway activation. We have shown that hPAF1C expression was associated with poor prognosis and with tumor proliferation through an interaction with c-Myc. These results underline the major role of Shh pathway and cancer stem cells in SNCLC in term of chemoresistance and tumor aggressiveness
Renaud, Stéphane. "Impact de l’hypoxie sur la progression tumorale des cancers bronchiques non à petites cellules (CBNPC)". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAJ117.
Testo completoTumoral hypoxia, and his target HIF-1α, are linked to the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in various solid tumors. EMT has been linked to chemotherapy resistance and metastases in many cancers. In this work, we have shown that tumoral hypoxia may help to define a worst prognosis in case of hypoxia after non-small cell lung cancer surgery (NSCLC). We have also shown that on NSCLC cell lines harboring activating EGFR mutations, hypoxia trough expression of HIF-1α, was able to induce EMT, with activation of different transcription factors according to cell mutational status: induction of SNAIL-1/SNAIL-2 in H1650 cell line harboring exon 19 deletion, induction of SNAIL-1/ZEB-1 in H1975 cell line harboring both exon 21 L858R and exon 20 T790M mutations. Considering all these data, it appears that HIF-1α may be considered a a new therapeutic target
Chatterjee, Saradiya. "Role of TLR7 in non-small cell lung carcinona (NSCLC)". Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066063.
Testo completoLung cancer accounts for over 1 million deaths per year with a 5-year survival of 8-12%. Stimulation of TLRs by the natural ligands like the PAMPs and DAMPs results in a proinflammatory signaling cascade. We have shown that stimulation of lung cancer cell lines with TLR7 agonist lead to tumor cell survival and chemoresistance in vitro. We studied the effect of TLR7 agonists on A549 and LL/2 cells injected in NOD/SCID and C57BL/6 mice either treated or not with cisplatin. Loxoribine has a pro-tumoral effect on A549 cells and induces chemoresistance in NOD/SCID mice. Blockade of TLR7 with IRS661 reversed the pro-tumoral effect of TLR7 agonist on A549 cells. CL264 was also found to have a pro-tumoral effect on LL/2 cells and induced chemoresistance in NOD/SCID mice. On the other hand CL264 at lower concentration induces an anti-tumoral effect on LL/2 cells while at a higher concentration demonstrated a pro-tumoral effect in C57BL/6 mice. We also demonstrated an overall bad prognostic value for higher expression of TLR7 by tumoral cells among NSCLC patients treated and not treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. These results suggest a pro- tumoral role and induction of chemoresistance by TLR7 in NSCLC patients. Use of TLR7 agonist as therapeutic option is recommended based on the TLR7 expression level for individual NSCLC patients. TLR7 antagonist holds promise for treatment of NSCLC in future
Beffy, Céline. "Les cancers bronchopulmonaires : données fondamentales et prise en charge thérapeutique". Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05P200.
Testo completoRollin, Jérôme. "Expression comparée de deux anti-protéases, TFPI-2 et RECK, et des métalloprotéases MMP-2 et MMP-9 dans le cancer broncho-pulmonaire non à petites cellules". Tours, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOUR3303.
Testo completoTFPI-2 and RECK are anti-proteases which regulate in vitro the activation of several MMP involve in cancer progression. We have demonstrated that gene expressions of these two inhibitors are decreased in 37% and 51% of non-small cell lung cancer tumours, respectively. In addition, hypermethylation of TFPI-2 gene promoter is associated with decreased expression of TFPI-2 gene in 50% of cases. On the other hand, the percentage of active forms of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was higher in tumours but did not significantly vary according to RECK or TFPI-2 gene expression. This study has also demonstrated that the survival time of patients with the MMP-2-735CC genotype was significantly shorter, despite tumour MMP-2 mRNA levels measured were significantly lower. In conclusion, these data support that TFPI-2 and RECK are likely contributing to inhibit tumour progression in NSCLC, but the exact mechanisms involved to regulate in vivo MMP remain to be identified
Anouan, Koutoua Joseph. "Correction de l'effet de volume partiel en imagerie fonctionnelle par TEP au 18F-FDG pour le suivi thérapeutique de patients atteints de cancer pulmonaire non à petites cellules". Rouen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ROUES028.
Testo completoBARJAUD, PASCAL. "Etude d'un protocole d'utilisation dans la determination de la nse et du rapport nse/nne pour le suivi des cancers anaplasiques a petites cellules du poumon". Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992CLF13051.
Testo completoRaimbourg, Judith. "Effets du cisplatine sur la sensibilité des cancers bronchiques non à petites cellules EGFR sauvage aux inhibiteurs de tyrosine kinase anti EGFR". Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT1028/document.
Testo completoAnti-EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ITKs) have markedly improved the overall survival of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with an EGFR activating mutation. In the absence of activating mutation, the benefit of these treatments is marginal and seems conditioned by the prior use of chemotherapy. In this study, prior exposure of wild-type EGFR NSCLC cells to sub-lethal doses of cisplatin induces an increase in EGFR phosphorylation increasing the sensitivity of these cells to erlotinib, anti-EGFR TKI, in vitro and in vivo, contrary to the effect observed on mutated EGFR cells. This activation of EGFR is related to the transactivation of the receptor by Src according to an independent mechanism of the EGFR ligands but involving IL6. This independent ligand activation of EGFR is correlated with the activation of the type 1 interferon pathway, in particular TBK1, IRF3, and the increase in the expression of two of their targeted genes IFIT1 and IFI27. Increasing expression of IFIT1 and IFI27 as well as IL6 are robust markers of cisplatin-induced ITK sensitization in vitro and in vivo. Finally the results of our study suggest an important role in this sensitization of the mitochondrial localization of EGFR, possibly induced by the phosphorylation of tyrosine 845, tyrosine target of Src. This sensitization could be related to the role played by the mitochondrial EGFR in the dynamics and the mitochondrial morphology as well as in the cellular metabolism
Beganton, Benoît. "Caractérisation des réseaux d’interactions protéiques associés aux mutations oncogéniques principales retrouvées dans le cancer du poumon non à petites cellules". Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTT157/document.
Testo completoLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in France and in the world. It is a cancer of poor prognosis, diagnosed at the late stage III or IV, with a 5-years survival of 6% and 1%, respectively. This cancer encompass several histological types, and among them adenocarcinoma account for 40% of the diagnosis. Genetic sequencing of stage IV tumors highlights redundant mutations, and generally exclusives from each other’s, of KRAS, EGFR, BRAF and ALK genes. The identification of these mutations enable, within companion test, to make eligible patients for targeted therapies when molecules are available.Even though these targeted therapies represent a true revolution in patient’s care, the majority of them cannot benefit from these treatments because their tumors do not harbor activating mutations that are targetable (e.g. absence of EGFR, BRAF and ALK mutation, presence of KRAS mutation). Additionally, when they can be treated using an oral molecule, the benefit observed is unfortunately poor in terms of period of time, and all the patients will escape from the treatment. This is for example the case with EGFR mutations.To better understand the molecular mechanisms associated with the resistance events observed in the clinic, and to propose new therapeutics for patient not-eligible for targeted therapies, I studied at the proteome level, the impact these mutations on protein networks, using the BioID technology (proximity-dependent biotinylation identification). More particularly, I have been interested in the activating mutation of EGFR, KRAS, BRAF and ALK. Considering that proteins from the RAS family (HRAS, NRAS and KRAS) are mutated in around 30% of cancers, I have been also interested in the protein network of these proteins to highlight interaction specific to the KRAS isoform.During my thesis, I showed that the protein networks characterized using BioID are much more dense compared to those identified with the more conventional technic of AP-MS (Affinity-purification and mass spectrometry), and that they enable to identify interactors specifically deregulated upon activating mutation. Additionally, the HEK293 cell model (Human Embryonic Kidney) and BEAS2B cell model (non-cancerous lung cell line) showed a high overlapping degree of the interactors identified, suggesting that the strategy used is relevant to identify interactors specific to mutations. This thesis enabled to identify several interactors specific to the mutant KRAS, EGFR, BRAF, NRAS and EML4-ALk fusion. Thirteen interactors specific to the mutated-KRAS have been functionally validated in lung-cancer cell lines models. Finally, using BioID data I have been able to propose a model of EGFR resistance to targeted therapies. This model shows that CBL and IGH2R might be the EGFR partners responsible for therapeutic escape.Altogether, this thesis propose new perspective to determine resistance mechanisms and to identify new therapeutic targets for KRAS-mutated patients
Tacelli, Nunzia. "Perfusion tumorale en TDM thoracique dynamique : application à l’évaluation de la néoangiogénèse des cancers broncho-pulmonaires non à petites cellules". Thesis, Lille 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL2S017.
Testo completoRecent advances in molecular biology have dramatically accelerated our understanding of tumoral lesions and triggered development of novel targeted therapies. Among them, antiangiogenic drugs represent a promising strategy for non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC). These agents are more cytostatic rather than cytotoxic, explaining the limitations of tumor response assessment based on morphological criteria, such as the RECIST criteria (Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors). The purpose of this thesis was to investigate tumoral perfusion using dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) CT, a novel technology enabling whole-tumor analysis with 64 slices per rotation. Our first study validated the pathological substratum of quantitative CT information on tumoral blood volume (BV) and capillary permeability (CP) in 15 NSCLC treated by surgery. Confident interpretation of CT data sets then allowed us to investigate changes in tumoral neovascularisation of NSCLC under chemotherapy. DEC-CT showed significant reduction in BV and CP of tumors treated by standard chemotherapy combined with antiangiogenic drugs (bevacizumab) (Group 1; n=17), not observed in tumors treated by standard chemotherapy alone (Group 2; n=23). In Group 1, the reduction in BV after one cycle of chemotherapy was significantly higher in responders than in non-responders (p=0.0128), response to treatment being only defined after 3 cycles of chemotherapy. DCE-CT can depict early changes in lung cancer vascularity, before tumour shrinkage, that may help predict response to antiangiogenic drugs
Durand, Cécile Milleron Bernard. "Valeur pronostique de la tomographie par émission de positons au FDG-(18F) lors du bilan initial des cancers bronchiques non à petites cellules de stade I et II". Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2006. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:80/theses/th0238692.pdf.
Testo completoDuhalde, Philippe. "Place de la tomodensitométrie cérébrale dans le bilan préthérapeutique et la surveillance du cancer bronchique non à petites cellules". Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR2M173.
Testo completoIlie, Marius Ionut. "Apport de la pathologie intégrative dans l'identification de biomarqueurs dans les carcinomes pulmonaires non à petites cellules : pathologie intégrative et cancer du poumon". Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00874504.
Testo completoKeller, Maureen. "Dissection de l'interactome RASSF1A/Voie de signalisation Hippo : étude dans les cellules de lignées épithéliales bronchiques humaines". Caen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CAEN3165.
Testo completoRASSF1A loss in non-small cell lung cancer is a frequent event observed in 25 to 30% of patients. We mimicked in vitro RASSF1A loss by siRNA transfection in human bronchial epithelial cells. We demonstrated this inactivation induced i) an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by causing nuclear translocation of the active transcriptional co-factor YAP, ii) the acquisition of promigration and invasive capacity (i. E. A metastatic phenotype) by inhibiting the anti-migratory GTPase RhoB and its GEF, GEFH1. This effect on RhoB also participates in the cytoskeleton remodeling dynamics by deregulating the LIMK/Cofilin signaling pathway, and in the cytokinesis abnormalities observed after RASSF1A depletion. We determined that the kinase NDR2, a Hippo pathway member, could account for many of the effects observed after RASSF1A cell invalidation since possibly phosphorylating and inactivating GEFH1, involved in the various processes disrupted by the absence of RASSF1A. We also demonstrated that YAP but not TAZ, participates in the phenotype induced by RASSF1A loss of expression. We further reported that a high YAP tumor expression tends to predict a poorer survival in NSCLC patients receiving chemotherapy probably since YAP, in addition to inducing EMT in RASSF1A depleted cells, also increases the c-IAP2 gene expression, encoding for an apoptosis inhibitor. This work thus allowed us to identify in the interactome of RASSF1A/Hippo signaling pathway, a central actor involved in the oncogenic transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells lacking RASSF1A, namely NDR2 kinase, making this kinase, a potential therapeutic target
Moreau, Dimitri. "Étude de nouvelles cibles moléculaires de cancer bronchopulmonaire non à petites cellules pharmacomodulées par des substances originales naturelles et synthétiques". Nantes, 2006. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=52c9b0c1-a1f2-4714-b939-382030d9a17c.
Testo completoStill rare disease at the beginning of the 20th century, the lung cancer is at the origin of more than 6 % of the deaths in France currently. It occupies there the first rank of the deaths by cancer whereas France is regarded as a country at the average risk among the Western countries. The discovery of new anti-cancer treatments increasingly more effective and specific, is thus today of primary importance. The validation of the capacity of a molecule to being able to inhibit the cancerous proliferation, passes by several stages of tests starting with the description of an activity at the cellular level. One of the strategies used for the discovery of new compounds antiproliferativs, passes by an investigation of the bioactiv potential of a great number of chemical compounds (the screening) on cancerous cellular lines, here NSCLC-N6 and A549. These compounds can have various origins from the natural environment to the chemistry of synthesis. The studied molecules are here: Extracts of origin marinates produced by microalgues. 10 different species resulting from 7 phylogenetic classes were studied. The results of the first tests of activity made it possible to select several extracts to undertake a thorough chemical study aiming to isolate and identify the active ingredients (Moreau et al. , 2006). A triazine under protection resulting from the chemistry of synthesis (A190). As we said the specificity of the new treatments is a priority, this is why research undertaken here aims at describing the genomic mechanisms implied in the stop of the proliferation of the cancerous cells. The description of the action of a molecule on the genomic level implies the study of the transcriptome and/or the proteome. Thus during various laboratory works two particular targets have been identified by RF-Differential display: gene HEF1 and the ARN not translated B2 coded by an intronic area of HEF1. During this thesis we followed the implication of the A190 molecule in the modulation of these genes and we have tried to understand their implications in the cellular cycle (Moreau et al. , 2006 (submitted)). The potential antitumor of the A190 molecule finally was studied during an in vivo experimentation and appeared very convincing
Sapay, Nicolas. "Les peptides d'ancrage à l'interface membranaire : analyses structurales par RMN et dynamique moléculaire et développement d'une méthode de prédiction bioinformatique". Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10003.
Testo completoMalleter, Marine. "HEF1 et B2, deux cibles moléculaires potentielles dans le cancer broncho-pulmonaire non à petites cellules et leur mécanisme de régulation impliquant les miRNA". Nantes, 2010. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=925cf436-e879-412d-89dd-3327b04167e2.
Testo completoThe lung cancer is at the first place of the death at the world level and in France to. Today, the used molecular targets act on cells which has a speed proliferation, so the fact could explain their ineffectiveness on the non small cells lung cancer (NSCLC) which presents the particularities to have cells which have a slowly proliferation. So, it is very important to discover new molecular targets induced by new anti-cancer molecules which can act on these cells with the slowly proliferation. Previously the laboratory has identified two molecular targets HEF1 and B2 expressed in NSCLC. HEF1 is involved in numerous cellular functions such as apoptosis, cell proliferation, motility. B2 discovered and identified by the laboratory overlapped a part of the HEF1 genomic DNA. This 54 Kb non coding RNA is expressed in different tissues and specifically expressed in lung tissue as the HEF1 gene. Having regard the B2 RNA characteristics and the homology of sequence with HEF1, we put in evidence the existence of a regulation of the HEF1 gene by the B2 RNA. This regulation induced by B2 would be made by the miRNA mechanism. In fact, this large non-coding RNA would be a precursor of miRNA which could for some of them being directed against the HEF1 gene such as hsa-mir-146B. This miRNA overexpressed in NSCLC-N6 cells, has a high homology with the B2 gene and could regulate HEF1 gene on the exon 4. So these genes could be an approach of a new gene therapy whose the expression is modulated by cytostatic molecules such as the molecule A190 patented by the lab
Pain, Lucile. "Activité cytotoxique in vitro et in vivo d'un extrait enrichi d'Helleborus caucasicus et mode d'action sur des cellules du cancer du poumon non-à-petites cellules". Thèse, Université Laval, 2014. http://constellation.uqac.ca/3961/1/Pain_uqac_0862N_10201.pdf.
Testo completoBusser, Benoît. "Identification et caractérisation d'un nouveau mécanisme de résistance au gefitinib dans le cancer du poumon non-à petites cellules : rôle de l'amphiréguline". Grenoble 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE10230.
Testo completoNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80% of lung cancers and is associated with a very poor prognosis, with a 5-year survival rate remaining below 15%. Gefitinib is a molecule that belongs to Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Tyrosine Kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKI) family and has shown potent antiproliferative effects in NSCLC. A high variability in clinical responses to this treatment lead to investigate new predictive markers to discriminate gefitinib-responders from non-responders. Patients that are resistant to gefitinib have high seric amphiregulin (AREG) levels, suggesting a role of this growth factor in gefitinib resistance. We investigated whether AREG was involved in gefitinib resistance and we characterized the molecular pathway initiated by AREG. This work shows that AREG allows resistance to gefitinib-induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo, through the inactivation of Bax proapoptotic protein. AREG induces the decrease of Bax expression level as well as an increased interaction between Bax and Ku70, through an acetylation-dependant mechanism. Therefore we describe an original pathway of gefitinib resistance, dependant of acetylation, and controlled by the growth factor AREG. Lung cancer is a major health problem and NSCLC resistance to treatments represents a worrying phenomenon for clinicians. This work suggests both diagnostic and therapeutic solutions to improve NSCLC care. Effectively, we demonstrated the major role of AREG in NSCLC resistance to gefitinib, and validated its use as a predictive biomarker of non responsiveness to this treatment. Moreover, we suggest the association of EGFR-TKI with histone deacetylase inhibitors, especially for NSCLC patients that are resistant to EGFR-TKI
Heeke, Simon. "Développement et implémentation de nouveaux biomarqueurs prédictifs dans le cancer du poumon non à petites cellules - du tissu à la biopsie liquide". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR6015.
Testo completoLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide for both men and women. However, the treatment of lung cancer has changed radically in recent years with the introduction of more effective chemotherapies, but above all the development of targeted treatments that allow a personalized therapeutic approach and the introduction of immunotherapy that has considerably prolonged the survival of some patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although these new therapeutic approaches have made it possible to obtain sometimes spectacular responses, a fairly large number of patients are resistant to these treatments. In this context, the development of new biomarkers to select the best treatment for the right patient at the right time is crucial to improving clinical outcomes for NSCLC patients. Nevertheless, not all biomarkers currently under study are able to improve this prediction, in particular, the implementation of some biomarkers in clinical routine is often difficult, whereas preliminary results obtained in vitro or even in initial clinical trials were promising.The objective of the thesis was to evaluate and implement new biomarkers that predict the response to immunotherapy and targeted therapies for the therapeutic selection of NSCLC patients. The first part of the thesis discusses the importance of biobanks and the control of biological resources as a cornerstone for the development of these new biomarkers. We have implemented an operating procedure that allows us to safely store biological collections of interest and use them for biomarker research studies. We describe how a biobank dedicated to a single pathology can be established and used for research purposes.Additionally, the genomic evaluation of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) for the detection of specific mutations of the Epidermal growth Factor Receptor receptor (EGFR) is studied and evaluated. We retrospectively analyzed 324 patients over a three-year period from three biological tests used in routine clinical practice and were able to demonstrate that these tests are very robust but must be closely controlled to avoid false positive or negative results. We then evaluated the next-generation sequencing (NGS) of plasma DNA using an internal test developed in the laboratory and an external test and were able to demonstrate that both tests were reliable for the detection of genomic alterations in plasma in clinical routine. In the last part of the thesis, I describe how the evaluation of large targeted sequencing panels capable of assessing mutation tumor load can be used to select patients for anti-tumor immunotherapy and what pitfalls should be avoided in order to use this biomarker in clinical routine.In summary, this thesis demonstrates the importance of novel biomarkers for the stratification ofpatients undergoing therapy in NSCLC and contributed to the implementation of tissue and liquidbiopsy-based biomarkers in routine clinical care
Ilie, Marius Ionut. "Apport de la pathologie intégrative dans l'identification de biomarqueurs dans les carcinomes pulmonaires non à petites cellules : pathologie intégrative et cancer du poumon". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Nice, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NICE4042.
Testo completoThe non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer deaths in the world. Reliable and validated biomarkers could represent a possible breakthrough in the management of this tumour type, by facilitating diagnosis, refining prognosis and providing guidance towards the choice of the most appropriate therapy. In this thesis we approach the field of NSCLC biomarkers by exploring several aspects related to carcinogenesis and tumour progression. First, we have demonstrated a dual impact of two proteins activated by hypoxia, carbonic anhydrases IX and XII, on the outcome of NSCLC patients. We have demonstrated that high tissue and plasma CAIX expression may be a biomarker of poor prognosis and early relapse in NSCLC patients, whereas the CAXII tissue expression would be predictive of a favourable evolution. In addition, we have shown that dynamic reoxygenation of tumours would be at the origin of this antagonism. Furthermore, the cellular component of the tumour microenvironment has been studied and more particularly we have demonstrated that recruitment by the tumour cells of a subpopulation of neutrophils expressing a specific marker CD66b could have a positive signal during tumour progression of NSCLC. Thirdly, the blood compartment has been evaluated in relationship with the evolution of tumours and in particular we have demonstrated the major diagnostic and prognostic value of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) in patients with NSCLC. Finally, the CTC seem to represent the ideal tool for the detection of biomarkers theranostic in the NCPC. In conclusions, the works presented in this thesis explore possibilities and limitations of biomarker research in NSCLC, highlighting the importance of the quality of the samples and of the accuracy and completeness of clinical data in order to obtain reproducible results
Eberst, Guillaume Nicolas. "Seconds cancers après traitement curatif d'un cancer broncho-pulmonaire". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UBFCE029.
Testo completoThe first objective of the 2014-2019 cancer plan was to cure more patients by promoting earlier diagnosis. This objective gives hope for more diagnosis at early stages accessible to surgical resection. Currently, excisional surgery for non-small cell bronchopulmonary cancer (NSCLC) is the treatment offering the most hope for a cure. This thesis work is particularly interested in the future of operated patients.Despite a curative intention, patients operated on for NSCLC are at risk of recurrence of the operated cancer but also have a higher risk of second cancer, and in particular second primary lung cancer (SPLC), higher than that of the general population. , of the order of 20% cumulative incidence at 10 years.When a lung lesion with the same histological diagnosis as the operated cancer occurs, the differential diagnosis between recurrence of the operated cancer or SPLC is difficult. Several definitions exist. Based on the hypothesis that recurrences indicate an aggressiveness of the cancerous disease, and therefore most often have a worse prognosis than second cancers, we first conducted a Cochrane systematic review of the set of definitions used in the literature in order to identify the one which offers the best prognostic distinction, on which to base the differential diagnosis between recurrence of operated cancer and SCBP.A few years ago, immunotherapy established itself in the therapeutic arsenal for bronchopulmonary cancer. First used in the metastatic situation, immunotherapy is now tested in the perioperative situation in numerous trials. However, due to the diversity of combinations and therapeutic strategies, not all of which have been compared with each other, uncertainty remains regarding the best perioperative therapy for patients undergoing surgery for early-stage NSCLC. We initiated a systematic review of interventional trials with network meta-analysis according to the Cochrane method on the effectiveness of these perioperative treatments in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.The IFCT-0302 study is the only large randomized surveillance study of NSCLC patients. It included 1775 patients. Its objective was to compare the overall survival of two monitoring strategies: by clinic and chest x-rays in the control group, and by clinic, chest x-rays and thoraco-abdominal scans in the experimental group. Patient-described quality of life (HRQoL) is a measure of three domains of perceived health: physical, social, and emotional. QoL is impacted by a medical condition or its treatment. Evidence suggests that lung cancer surgery has a significant impact on QoL. The objective of our work was to evaluate the influence of the type of surveillance on HRQoL in the population of the IFCT-0302 study.When an abnormal lung image is detected, its histological diagnosis is frequently obtained by transthoracic puncture guided by the scanner. The main complication of the procedure is pneumothorax. Hospital constraints do not allow all patients to be hospitalized after a transthoracic puncture. In this third axis, we worked on the validation of a predictive score for the occurrence of delayed pneumothorax after a CT-guided transparietal lung biopsy, in order to select patients who must be monitored in conventional hospitalization. This work was carried out on a cohort of patients from Besançon University Hospital, one part of the cohort having made it possible to develop the score, the other to validate it. Finally, external validation work on a cohort of patients from the Bichat – Claude Bernard Hospital was carried out
Pailler, Emma. "Identification de biomarqueurs de sensibilité et de résistance aux inhibiteurs de tyrosine kinase dans les cellules tumorales circulantes de patients atteints de cancers bronchiques non à petites cellules - Cas des remaniements ALK et ROS1". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS410/document.
Testo completoCirculating tumor cells (CTCs) are a broad field of research which may provide both clinical and basic information. CTCs migrate from primitive or metastatic tumors and represent a heterogeneous population of very rare cells in the blood stream. The molecular characterization of CTCs is a technical challenge requiring highly sensitive and specific methods. Because tumor biopsies are invasive and in some cases associated with risk in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), CTCs may offer an attractive option to analyze tumor genomic alterations and detect molecular biomarkers. CTCs could provide a more comprehensive picture of the tumor content than single tumor biopsies.The aim of my thesis was to characterize genomic abnormalities in CTCs from ALK-rearranged NSCLC patients and identified biomarkers of sensitivity and resistance to targeted therapies. The first part of the project consisted in the development of a fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) method adapted to CTCs enriched by filtration, the FA-FISH (filter-adapted-FISH) (patent PCT/FR2011/052688). Then, we developed a method for the semi-automated microscopy of filtration enriched CTCs (Pailler, BMC Cancer, 2016). In the second part of my project, using this method, we provided the first proof-of-concept that ALK-rearrangement can be detected in CTCs of patients with ALK-rearranged NSCLC (Pailler, J Clin Oncol, 2013). We showed that CTCs from these patients harbor a unique ALK break-apart rearrangement, including patients presenting another form of rearrangement in the biopsy, and a mesenchymal phenotype. This suggests that these CTCs may arise from a clonal selection of tumor cells that have acquired invasive and migratory properties and possibly the potential to drive metastatic progression. Then, we characterized CTCs from patients with ROS1-rearranged NSCLC and reported for the first time the detection of ROS1-rearrangement in CTCs (Pailler, Ann Oncol, 2015). In the third part of the project, we evaluated whether CTCs with abnormal ALK-FISH patterns monitored under crizotinib (baseline and early sampling at 2 months) may inform on treatment benefit in a cohort of ALK-rearranged patients treated by crizotinib. In an extended cohort of patients, the dynamic change in the numbers of CTCs with a gain of ALK-native copies was associated with the progression-free survival and thus may be a surrogate biomarker for crizotinib efficacy (Pailler, submitted). These results show that the molecular analysis of CTCs performed under treatment could help to stratify patients at risk of early resistance to crizotinib. Finally, in the last part of my project, we sought to evaluate whether CTCs could be used for identifying resistance mutations to ALK inhibitors. We developed technologies to characterize, isolate and molecularly (targeted sequencing and exome sequencing) analyze CTCs at the single cell level. Experiments on cell lines allowed to validate these technical processes; Experiments on patient samples are ongoing.In this work, we characterize genomic abnormalities present in CTCs from ALK-rearranged patients at different stages of the disease and identify biomarkers of sensitivity and efficacy to targeted therapies. Our results provide new perspectives on the potential of CTCs for personalizing treatments in NSCLC patients. Furthermore, our findings may offer new insights on the biological characteristics of CTCs in ALK-rearranged patients, their overall role in the metastatic progression and the genomic diversity of these cancers
Galluzzi, Lorenzo. ""TripleC" : une étude de biologie des systèmes sur l'apoptose". Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA11T093.
Testo completoAsgarova, Afag. "La transition épithélio-mésenchymateuse régule l'expression de PD-L1 dans le cancer du poumon, non à petites cellules : un role pour IKK Ɛ". Thesis, Besançon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BESA3007/document.
Testo completoEMT foster cancer progression by acting on mechanisms allowing tumors to exide immune surveillance. Recent clinical advances immunotherapy demonstrated that some cancer with established lymphocyte infiltrates, express immune checkpoint inhibitory molecules, such as PD-L1, to allow their progression. During this thesis, another link between EMT and immune escape, through the regulation of PD-L1 in non-smal cell lung caricinoma was established. A new role of IKKƐ in the regulation of PD-L1 during EMT was also been shown
Younes, Mohamad. "Etude des relations entre les mutations EGFR/KRAS et les altérations de la voie p53/p14arf et caractérisation d'une nouvelle cible thérapeutique, le complexe neurotensine et son récepteur1, dans les cancers bronchiques non à petites cellules". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00839459.
Testo completoAbbar, Baptiste. "Cancers associés au VIH : immunogénomique, immunogénicité et immunothérapie". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2024SORUS441.pdf.
Testo completoCancers, particularly non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC), are notably more frequent among people living with HIV (PLWHIV). However, despite this association, the molecular and immunological profiles of NSCLC in PLWHIV remain poorly explored. Characterizing these immunogenomics features in malignant tumors has become critical for understanding the mechanisms of oncogenesis and developing more effective antitumor therapies. The advent of immunotherapies, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has revolutionized cancer treatment, including cancers that frequently affect PLWHIV. However, PLWHIV have been systematically excluded from clinical trials evaluating ICIs in oncology. As a result, data on the safety profile of these treatments and their immunovirological impact on HIV infection remain limited.In the first part of this work, we prospectively compared the immunogenomics features of 27 NSCLC from 15 PLWHIV and 12 immunocompetent patients (IC). Tumor mutational burdens, molecular profiles, number of predicted neoepitopes, and their MHC-class I/II predicted restriction were similar in both groups. However, monofunctional T cell responses to neoepitopes, detectable in 4/11 PLWHIV and 5/11 IC, were exclusively directed against MHC-class-II-restricted neoepitopes in PLWHIV while half were directed against MHC-class-I-restricted in IC. A low CD4 nadir was associated with the lack of neoepitope-specific responses in PLWHIV. Furthermore, PLWHIV tumor microenvironments displayed lower neutrophils proportions and decreased T cell function markers. Thus, despite similar molecular profiles, HIV-infection severely impairs antitumor immune responses in patients with NSCLC, particularly to MHC-class-I-restricted neoepitopes, supporting the use of MHC-class-I-restricted neoepitope-based immunotherapy in this population. In the second part of this work, we conducted a systematic review of the literature, dedicated clinical studies, and biological sub-studies to assess the toxicity profile, immunovirological impact (viral load and CD4 count), as well as the effects of ICIs on the HIV reservoir and anti-HIV immunity in PLWHIV, as part of a “shock and kill” strategy for an HIV cure. Our research demonstrated that the toxicity profile of ICIs in PLWHIV is similar to that observed in the general population. We also identified specific risk factors in this population associated with the occurrence of severe immune-related adverse events, such as long-term HIV infection, low CD4 count, positive cytomegalovirus serology, and a history of oncological surgery. Additionally, we showed that ICIs do not have a negative impact on HIV infection markers, such as viral load and CD4 count. Finally, our study of 32 PLWHIV treated with anti-PD1 monotherapy, with monitoring of plasma viral load, anti-HIV immunity, and the viral reservoir, revealed an early, moderate, and transient reduction in the HIV reservoir, without a significant increase in anti-HIV immunity. The early upregulation of other immune checkpoints, such as CTLA4 and TIM3, under ICI treatment may explain the limited in vivo effect on the HIV reservoir and antiviral immunity of anti-PD1 therapy. Thus, the use of anti-PD1 monotherapy does not appear to be a promising “shock and kill” strategy for eradicating HIV. Overall, we demonstrated that HIV significantly impairs the antitumor immune response in patients with NSCLC, despite similar molecular tumor profiles. However, the use of ICI in PLWHIV is not associated with an increased risk of toxicity and shows efficacy comparable to that observed in IC patients. Our results support the approach of personalized vaccines targeting MHC class I-restricted neoepitopes, combined with ICIs, for PLWHIV with NSCLC
Akoum, Rania El. "La phosphorylation de CARM1 empêche l'interaction entre PRMT1 et CARM1, deux « Protein Arginine MethylTransférases » impliquées dans la prolifération dans le cancer du poumon". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0128/document.
Testo completoPRMT1 and CARM1 are 2 Protein Arginine MethylTransferases (PRMTs) implicated in cell proliferation and deregulated in cancer. Dimerisation is a conserved feature in the PRMT family. PRMT1 and CARM1 cooperate in gene regulation but CARM1/PRMT1 heterodimer is not yet characterised. We report that, PRMT1 and CARM1 are overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancer samples and in 2 lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, A549 and H1299. siPRMT1 reduce proliferation and promote differentiation. siCARM1 yield similar consequences but, as this was previously described, suppress PRMT1 expression in addition to CARM1 expression. Thus CARM1 might reduce proliferation by a direct effect or alternatively through PRMT1 suppression. This result reinforces the interest of investigating the CARM1/PRMT1 heterodimer formation. We found that in A549 cells, CARM1 is not phosphorylated at serine 228, interacts with PRMT1, methylates the promoter of 2 target genes (Sox2 and Nanog) and is localized in the nucleus. In H1299 cells, CARM1 is phosphorylated at serine 228, does not interact with PRMT1, does not methylate Sox2 and Nanog promoters and is localized in the cytoplasm. Inhibition of the kinase MAP2K3 prevents the phosphorylation of CARM1 at serine 228 and restores CARM1/PRMT1 interaction in H1299 cells. In conclusion, we propose that PRMT1 knock-down reduces proliferation in lung cancer. CARM1 knock-down reduces proliferation probably through the suppression of PRMT1. We suggest that MAP2K3 is the candidate kinase that phosphorylates CARM1 at serine 228 and that phosphorylation inhibits CARM1/PRMT1 interaction. CARM1/PRMT1 heterodimer formation might be a way of regulating the activities of these enzymes
Alzahouri, Kazem. "Pratiques diagnostiques pour les nodules pulmonaires isolés et le cancer du poumon non à petites cellules : caractérisation, déterminants et évaluations médico-économiques de l'introduction de la tomographie par émission de positon". Nancy 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NAN11301.
Testo completoRousseau, Bénédicte. "TP53 facteur de transcription pour le gène NEDD9/HEF1/Cas-L : nouvelles cibles potentielles du traitement du Cancer du Poumon « Non à Petites Cellules »". Nantes, 2014. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=4e053358-f82e-4721-9e91-dc245a9d01ca.
Testo completoDue to the high rate to both its incidence and its mortality lung cancer remains a major public health problem. The proposed classical treatments remain far from effective except for the surgery in the least advanced stages. Indeed, the classical chemotherapy, based on molecules directed against the actors of the cellular proliferation, is not adapted to the case of the Non Small Cell Lung Cancer, accounting for 70% of the cases, which present cells with a very slow doubling time. That is why research has been directed for several years towards treatments more targeted and directed against actors other than those of the cellular proliferation. In this context, an in vitro screening of new molecules was carried out at the laboratory and led to the selection of the A190 triazine. This cytostatic and pro-apoptotique molecule allowed to identify a new molecular target: the NEDD9/HEF1/Cas-L gene which is involved in many cellular functions (proliferation, differentiation, motility and apoptosis). The studies presented in this thesis show that the over expression of gene HEF1, observed during a treatment by A190 of the cell line NSCLC-N6-L16 outcome from an epidermoid cell carcinoma, is under the control of the transcription factor TP53 itself over expressed and beforehand restored by the A190 molecule. Consequently, this molecular target (NEDD9/HEF1/Cas-L) could potentially become a therapeutic target in the treatment of epidermoid cell carcinoma having this affected signalization pathway. This would be anchored in the current trend to propose a personalized treatment
Creoff, Estelle. "CD9P-1 et angiogénèse tumorale : étude des propriétés anti-angiogéniques de peptides dérivés du CD9P-1". Rouen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ROUES018.
Testo completoAbou, Daya Hiba. "Rôle du canal calcique Orai3 dans la résistance à la chimiothérapie dans le cancer du poumon : implication des cellules souches cancéreuses". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Amiens, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AMIE0061.
Testo completoSince approved by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) in 1978, platinum doublet therapy remains the current gold standard chemotherapeutic treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, resistance to platinum salts evolves rapidly in patients with NSCLC and one of the major reasons behind this resistance is their proved ability to enrich CSC (cancer stem cell) population. Calcium is recognized as an activator of critical signaling pathways, including the ones responsible for resistance to apoptosis. Herein, the calcium channel Orai3 has been recently identified as an important element in the resistance to chemotherapy in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, Orai3 channel is overexpressed in NSCLC tissues, is correlated to a high tumor grade and constitutes a predictive marker of metastasis and survival in resectable NSCLC tumors. In-vitro, Orai3 channel controls cell proliferation in NSCLC cell lines in a calcium dependent manner, via the Akt pathway. In the present work, we investigated the role of Orai3 channel in resistance to Cisplatin in NSCLC and the signaling pathways associated. We found that Orai3 channel becomes overexpressed after treatment with Cisplatin in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. Clinically, Orai3 overexpression after chemotherapy was associated with partial or no tumor regression. In cell lines, Cisplatin treatment increased Orai3 expression in a time-dependent manner and this overexpression was accompanied by an enrichment of CSCs population demonstrated by CD133 staining and an overexpression of the CSCs markers Nanog, SOX-2 and Slug. Moreover, Orai3 silencing or the reduction of extracellular calcium concentration sensitized the cells to Cisplatin and leads to a drastic reduction in the expression of Nanog and SOX-2 and a partial reduction of Slug expression. Furthermore, Orai3 overexpression induced the overexpression of both markers Nanog and SOX-2. Interestingly, we remarked a change in the function of Orai3 upon the treatment with Cisplatin. In basal conditions, Orai3 was found to regulate basal calcium entry in control cells or cells transfected with an empty vector while upon the treatment with Cisplatin or when Orai3 is overexpressed via Orai3 vector transfection, it becomes involved in SOC entry. We also noticed that Orai3 functions as SOC channel in CSCs. Finally, we found that upon the inhibition of the signaling pathway Akt, the expression of the stemness markers didn’t increase and Cisplatin’s efficiency was enhanced. In a conclusion, Orai3 overexpression enables the channel to become a SOC channel and favors the calcium entry. Also, Orai3 channel, via the Akt pathway, promotes the enrichment of CSCs which are insensitive to Cisplatin. Taken together, our results show for the first time that Orai3 channel is able to induce chemoresistance in NSCLC cells by increasing the CSCs population. Our findings provide a new context in the understanding of NSCLC resistance to chemotherapy and present Orai3 as a promising biomarker which could help in the choice of chemotherapeutic drugs for patients with NSCLC
Picard, Evelyne. "Caractérisation de l'expression des récepteurs de l'acide rétinoïque et de rétinoïdes X dans le cancer bronchique". Nancy 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NAN19916.
Testo completoMerle, Patrick. "Etude de ligands de l'ADN G-quadruplexe télomérique dans le traitement du glioblastome et cancer bronchique : approches combinatoires". Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CLF1MM14.
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