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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Calliphora stygia"

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Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 1 febbraio 2022

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1

Schmidlin, Franziska G., Jon J. Sullivan, Mike H. Bowie e Brad G. Howlett. "Insect flower visitors of planted native species within the arable landscape on the Canterbury Plains, New Zealand". New Zealand Plant Protection 71 (2 luglio 2018): 198–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2018.71.170.

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Almost all of the original native vegetation of Canterbury Plains has been replaced with an arable landscape of managed exotic vegetation. A previous study planted small areas of native trees on arable farms in 2013 to enhance the abundance and diversity of beneficial insect crop pollinators. The aim of the current study was to assess insect flower visitation at three sites in the fifth year after planting. Weekly standardised surveys of native flower visitors were conducted between September 2017 and February 2018. A total of 2349 insects from 37 taxa were observed within three native plantings. Native bees (Lasioglossum sordidum 20%) and the honey bee, Apis mellifera (19%), were the most common followed by the large hoverfly, Melangyna novaezelandiae (16%). The calliphorid flies, brown blowfly Calliphora stygia (8%) and blue blowfly Calliphora vicina (6%), were also well represented. The most abundant insects visited four or more of the eight study plant species. Most (52%) of the flower visitors where natives. Many of these insects are known crop pollinators and it is likely that they assist with crop pollination.

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2

Wallman, J. F. "Third-instar larvae of common carrion-breeding blowflies of the genus Calliphora (Diptera : Calliphoridae) in South Australia". Invertebrate Systematics 15, n. 1 (2001): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/it99024.

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Detailed morphological study was conducted on the third-instar larvae of seven common carrion-breeding species of blowflies of the genus Calliphora Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera : Calliphoridae) found in South Australia. The larval morphology of five species is revised: C. stygia (Fabricius),C. dubia (Macquart), C. augur (Fabricius), C. hilli hilli Patton and C. vicina Robineau-Desvoidy, while that of C. albifrontalis Malloch and C. maritima Norris is described for the first time. Examination of features neglected in descriptions by previous workers, particularly cuticular spinulation, has provided characters that make it possible to identify all species. An illustrated key is provided. Overall, substantial morphological distinctness exists only at the species-group level. Morphological differences at this level largely support species-group and subgeneric arrangements previously proposed for these taxa, as well as the separate status of C. vicina. However, the sister species within the C. stygia- and augur-groups are very difficult to separate, confirming the need for molecular identification in certain cases.

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3

Anderson, PJ, E. Shipp, JME Anderson e W. Dobbie. "Population Maintenance of Lucilia-Cuprina (Wiedemann) in the Arid Zone". Australian Journal of Zoology 36, n. 3 (1988): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9880241.

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For 3 years numbers and species of blowflies breeding in carcasses and on live merino sheep were studied at the University of New South Wales Arid Zone Research Station at Fowlers Gap, to determine which species initiated blowfly strike on sheep and how Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann) maintained its population throughout the year; particularly whether it could complete its life cycle on carcasses. Larvae taken from struck sheep showed L. cuprina to be the dominant species in >87% of strikes. Native calliphorids, Calliphora nociva Hardy, Calliphora augur (Fabr.), and Calliphora stygia (Fabr.) were present in about 7% of strikes sampled, usually in association with L. cuprina. In a regularly inspected small mob (c. 70) of sheep, incidence of covert strike was higher than incidence of overt strike, supporting the view that a grazier's estimate of flystrike in the flock would almost always be an underestimate. On carcasses, the secondary strike native blowfly, Chrysomys rufijacies (Macquart), was produced in very large numbers. Some native primary strike Calliphora spp. were produced from some carcasses in the colder months, but no L. cuprina was produced from either small or large carcasses (sheep, kangaroos, rabbits) at any time. However, larvae of L. cuprina were recovered from live sheep at all times of the year, indicating that L. cuprina is an obligate parasite of live sheep in the arid zone.

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4

Wallman, J. F., e M. Adams. "Molecular Systematics of Australian Carrion-breeding Blowflies of the Genus Calliphora (Diptera: Calliphoridae)". Australian Journal of Zoology 45, n. 4 (1997): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo97006.

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Allozyme electrophoresis was used to determine the systematic affinities of nine forms of carrion-breeding blowfly of the genus Calliphora: C. stygia, C. albifrontalis, C. augur, C. dubia, C. hilli hilli, C. hilli fallax, C. varifrons, C. sp. nov., and C. maritima. The results (1) confirm the species status of all forms currently described as such, (2) support a return to the ranking of C. hilli fallax as a full species, C. fallax, (3) support the recognition of C. sp. nov. as a distinct species, and (4) indicate that distinct Kangaroo Island and adjacent mainland subpopulations appear to exist in at least three species. The allozyme data also strongly support the placing of eight of the forms into three separate species-groups on morphological grounds, and the placement of C. maritima in a fourth group. However, on the basis of these data, the comparative genetic affinities of the parasitic blowfly Onesia tibialis suggest that Calliphora in its current form may be paraphyletic.

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5

Mcilroy, JC, EJ Gifford e SM Carpenter. "The Effect of Rainfall and Blowfly Larvae on the Toxicity of '1080'-Treated Meat Baits Used in Poisoning Campaigns Against Wild Dogs." Wildlife Research 15, n. 5 (1988): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9880473.

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Meat baits injected with '1080' poison (sodium monofluoroacetate) according to the method recommended by the Department of Agriculture, New South Wales, Australia, for preparing baits for poisoning compaigns against wild dogs (Canis f. familiaris) and dingoes (C. f. dingo), began to lose their toxicity from the moment of preparation onwards, particularly after different rainfall treatments and when inhabited by calliphorid larvae. The main or most likely reasons for the loss of fluoroacetate were consumption by maggots (mainly larvae of Calliphora augur and C. stygia plus some C. hilli and C. tibialis) and their subsequent disappearance from the baits, leaching by rainfall, defluorination of the fluoroacetate by micro-organisms, and leakage from the baits after injection and during their decomposition. During this study the baits remained toxic to dogs, despite different rainfall treatments, for over 32 days during winter when maggots were absent, and for 6-31 days during summer, when they were present. Under the same conditions the baits contained an LD50 for an average-sized tiger quoll (Dasyurus maculatus) for 4-15 days and 2-4 days, respectively.

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6

Kelly, Megan A., Michael J. Usher, Beata Ujvari, Thomas Madsen, James F. Wallman, William A. Buttemer e A. J. Hulbert. "Diet fatty acid profile, membrane composition and lifespan: An experimental study using the blowfly (Calliphora stygia)". Mechanisms of Ageing and Development 138 (giugno 2014): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mad.2014.02.001.

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7

Kelly, Megan A., Adam P. Zieba, William A. Buttemer e A. J. Hulbert. "Effect of Temperature on the Rate of Ageing: An Experimental Study of the Blowfly Calliphora stygia". PLoS ONE 8, n. 9 (3 settembre 2013): e73781. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0073781.

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8

Parry, Samuel, Stuart M. Linton, Paul S. Francis, Michael J. O’Donnell e Tes Toop. "Accumulation and excretion of morphine by Calliphora stygia, an Australian blow fly species of forensic importance". Journal of Insect Physiology 57, n. 1 (gennaio 2011): 62–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinsphys.2010.09.005.

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9

Lawson, J. R., e M. A. Gemmell. "The potential role of blowflies in the transmission of taeniid tapeworm eggs". Parasitology 91, n. 1 (agosto 1985): 129–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000056572.

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In laboratory studies with 3 species of Calliphora more than half were shown to ingest eggs of Taenia hydatigena from the surface of clog faeces with a maximum of over 5000 eggs in 1 fly. Most eggs were voided within 48 h and between 38 and 48% of these eggs had lost their embryophores. In field studies carried out in the South Island of New Zealand, traps baited with dog faeces captured the following blowfly species in decreasing order of abundance: Hybopygia varia, Calliphora quadrimaculata, C. hortona and C. stygia. Peak numbers were trapped in January, February and March. Almost 25% of wild flies, caught after feeding for up to 3 mm on dog faeces naturally contaminated with taeniid eggs, had eggs in their intestine. When administered to lambs all 4 species of fly transferred infection. Lambs grazed in winter on plots near kennels that had housed dogs with patent infections of T. hydatigena acquired higher worm burdens than those grazed further away. The burdens were greater downwind of the prevailing wind. After removal of the dogs, blowflies caught in the vicinity contained taeniid eggs but the contents of pitfall traps did not. Blowflies, and to a much lesser degree the insects and dust caught on sticky traps during the presence of the dogs, transferred infection when administered to naive lambs.

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10

Morris, M. C., L. Morrison, M. A. Joyce e B. Rabel. "Trapping sheep blowflies with lures based on bacterial cultures". Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 38, n. 2 (1998): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea97088.

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Summary. Baits of Proteus mirabilis cultured in a commercial medium or in a gut mucus mixture were tested in New Zealand sheep pasture for their ability to trap sheep strike flies. Liver–sodium sulfide baits were used for comparison. At the start of the flystrike season, medium cultures were as effective as liver–sodium sulfide baits in trapping flies. As the season progressed, the liver–sodium sulfide mixture trapped a significantly higher number of Lucilia cuprina and Calliphora stygia than medium cultures, though they trapped significantly fewer Chrysomya rufifacies. In one case the medium culture trapped a significantly higher proportion of gravid L. cuprina than the liver–sodium sulfide mixture. Adding dimethyl sulfoxide to the medium culture significantly reduced its efficacy. The gut mucus culture was significantly less effective than the liver–sodium sulfide bait in trapping gravid L. cuprina, and significantly more effective in trapping Chrysomya rufifacies. This is the first published record of sheep strike flies being attracted by bacterial odours in the field.

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11

Ujvari, Beata, James F. Wallman, Thomas Madsen, Megan Whelan e A. J. Hulbert. "Experimental studies of blowfly (Calliphora stygia) longevity: A little dietary fat is beneficial but too much is detrimental". Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology 154, n. 3 (novembre 2009): 383–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2009.07.012.

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12

Gunn, J. A., C. Shelley, S. W. Lewis, T. Toop e M. Archer. "The Determination of Morphine in the Larvae of Calliphora stygia using Flow Injection Analysis and HPLC with Chemiluminescence Detection". Journal of Analytical Toxicology 30, n. 8 (1 ottobre 2006): 519–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jat/30.8.519.

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13

George, Kelly A., Melanie S. Archer, Lauren M. Green, Xavier A. Conlan e Tes Toop. "Effect of morphine on the growth rate of Calliphora stygia (Fabricius) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) and possible implications for forensic entomology". Forensic Science International 193, n. 1-3 (dicembre 2009): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.08.013.

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14

Mullany, Christina, Paul A. Keller, Ari S. Nugraha e James F. Wallman. "Effects of methamphetamine and its primary human metabolite, p-hydroxymethamphetamine, on the development of the Australian blowfly Calliphora stygia". Forensic Science International 241 (agosto 2014): 102–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.05.003.

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15

Hulbert, A. J., Michael J. Usher e J. F. Wallman. "Food consumption and individual lifespan of adults of the blowfly, Calliphora stygia: a test of the ‘rate of living’ theory of aging". Experimental Gerontology 39, n. 10 (ottobre 2004): 1485–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2004.08.008.

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16

CONSTABLE, S. A. "A Comparison of Proteases Produced by Larvae of Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann), L. sericata (Meigen), Calliphora augur (F.) and C. stygia (F.) (Diptera: Calliphoridae)". Australian Journal of Entomology 33, n. 3 (agosto 1994): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1994.tb01218.x.

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17

Liliana, Ciobanu, Wiederman Steven e O'Carroll David. "Retinal movements in the blowfly Calliphora Stygia". Frontiers in Physiology 4 (2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/conf.fphys.2013.25.00120.

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18

Leitch, Olivia, Alexie Papanicolaou, Chris Lennard, K. Paul Kirkbride e Alisha Anderson. "Chemosensory genes identified in the antennal transcriptome of the blowfly Calliphora stygia". BMC Genomics 16, n. 1 (31 marzo 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12864-015-1466-8.

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19

Magni, P., M. Zwerver e IR Dadour. "Insect succession pattern on decomposing pig carcasses in Tasmania: a summer study'". Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania, 2019, 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.26749/rstpp.153.31.

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Insect succession has been studied around the world using the predictable and mostly sequential arrival pattern of different insect species that are attracted to a decomposing carcass. In cases of suspicious death of humans and animals, carrion insects may be used to assist in crime scene reconstruction. The present research represents the first study in forensic entomology to be undertaken in Tasmania, investigating insect succession patterns on decomposing pig carcasses and providing a preliminary database of forensically important insects. Six pig carcasses were placed in two contrasting locations (rural and urban) in northern Tasmania. Insect successional waves were recorded over a 40-day study during the austral summer season. Results showed that decomposition rates and insect assemblages varied between each location. Eleven insect taxa, representing nine families, were identified in association with the decomposition of the pig carcasses at both localities. Blowflies present on the pig carcasses throughout the decomposition process were Calliphora stygia Malloch (Diptera: Calliphoridae) at both sites and Lucilia sericata (Meigen) at the urban site only. These preliminary results will provide useful information in any future casework involving human remains and associated insect material in Tasmania.

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