Tesi sul tema "Calcium aluminosilicate"
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Zhang, Siqi. "The effect of boron substitution on the structure of calcium-aluminosilicate calcium-fluoro-aluminosilicate glasses and glass-ceramics". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7173/.
Testo completoOppici, Maria A. "Sodium sulfate hot corrosion of silicon carbide fiber-reinforced calcium aluminosilicate". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1995. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA297663.
Testo completoBouchouicha, Hamed. "Élaboration, caractérisation structurale et étude des propriétés de luminescence des verres et des vitrocéramiques alumino-silicatés de calcium dopés à l'europium". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1035/document.
Testo completoThis work concerns the study of calcium aluminosilicate glass doped with europium and their process of crystallization as glass-ceramics as part of the search for new phosphors for white LED application. We studied three glass samples with different silica contents and have elaborated crystallized glass-ceramics. Characterization of glasses and glass-ceramics was performed by different experimental techniques: thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The spectroscopic properties of the europium ion in the glass and glass-ceramic synthesized were studied.Control of crystallization of GC34 and GC50 glass-ceramics by X-ray diffraction have been identified two phases, melilite and anorthite. In the case of the GC7 glass-ceramic, a single aluminum calcium phase, mayenite which crystallized predominantly. The study by Raman spectroscopy allowed to follow the evolution of the crystallization during heat treatment in the surface and of glass-ceramics. We have shown that the crystallization process initiate at the surface of the samples and corresponds typically to a heterogeneous nucleation. On the other hand, a comparison with similar natural samples allowed us to validate all the identifications.In the case of GC34 and GC50 glass-ceramics, emission spectra and lifetimes of Eu3+ ion clearly show its incorporation into the new-formed crystalline phases. The Eu3+ ion occupy the Ca2+ sites (CN = 8) in the major mélilite phase of the the GC34 glass-ceramic while, it incorporates the Ca2+ sites (CN = 6 and 7) and Ca2+ (CN = 8) of anorthite and mélilite phases formed in the GC50 glass-ceramic, respectively. These results were confirmed by Fluorescence Line Narrowing (FLN) measurements. The study of emission spectra of the Eu2+ ion allowed highlighting changes during crystallization associated with the reduction of the Eu3+ ions during annealing. In the case of the low silicate GC7 glass-ceramic, emission spectra and lifetimes measurements of the Eu3+ ion show that the Eu3+ ions are incorporated into the mayenite phase. In terms of application, the analyses of the trichromatic coordinates suggest that the glass devitrification appears to be an efficient technique to achieve new white LED phosphor materials with intensified (mainly for GC34 and G50 glass-ceramics) and tunable emission by varying composition and/or excitation
Newton, Peter J. "Sodium sulfate corrosion of silicon carbide fiber-reinforced calcium aluminosilicate glass-ceramic matrix composites". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1994. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA283703.
Testo completoBouhadja, Mohammed. "Modélisation des verres d 'aluminosilmicates de calcium par dynamique moléculaire : Structure et dynamique". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00961955.
Testo completoLambert, Julien. "Etude structurale d’aluminosilicates de calcium : application à la valorisation de déchets amiantés pour le stockage thermique d’énergie solaire". Thesis, Orléans, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ORLE2012.
Testo completoThe aim of this work is to establish relationships between structural properties and production conditions of a vitrified asbestos-containing wastes ceramics (commercially named Cofalit®), with the goal of elaborating a prototype for thermal energy storage of solar energy. Despite various waste sources, the variations of composition observed for this material are limited. On the contrary, the production conditions (cooling stage in particular) induce important differences in the material microstructure. The analysis of a Cofalit core sample allowed us to determine the crystallisation mechanisms during its fabrication process (uncontrolled cooling), leading to a mixture of vitreous and crystalline phases. We propose a structural study (by XRD and NMR) and crystallization properties analyses of synthetic samples, representative of the industrial material. Observed variations of composition on the latter are simulated by additions of silica and lime. The influence of iron oxide content on radiative, structural and crystallization properties (of both glass and ceramic samples) have also been investigated. The following of the sequential crystallisation of ceramic samples has finally been performed using in situ high temperature XRD, from glassy state and during cooling from liquid state. These tests show that the Cofalit crystallizes completely for rates lower than 10 K/min. The high temperature stability on a structural level has also been demonstrated during annealings
Terra, Idelma Aparecida Alves. "Investigação espectroscópica e estudo dos processos de conversão de energia em vidros e nano-cristais co-dopados com íons Tb3+ e Yb3+". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18158/tde-26082013-172114/.
Testo completoThe search for possible alternatives to produce clean and renewable energy using the natural resources has been a great challenge. In particular, the interest to use the solar energy to produce electricity has been increased. However, crystalline silicon-based (c-Si) conventional solar cells have limited conversion efficiency, mainly due to spectral mismatch losses. Thus, one of the goals of some researchers in the photovoltaic field has been to efficiently convert photons in the visible region of the solar spectrum to the infrared region, where the c-Si solar cell has its higher efficiency. The efficiency of this conversion could be enhanced from 28% up to 40% using energy converters based on rare-earths ions. In this work, the spectroscopic properties of rare earth ions, such as Terbium (Tb3+) and Ytterbium (Yb3+) embedded in three different materials were studied: low- silica calcium aluminosilicate glass (7%) (LSCAS), lithium calcium tetraborate glass (Calibo) and zirconium oxide nano-crystals (ZrO2). Thus, our studies aimed to elucidate the mechanisms that generate the Up-conversion and Down-conversion processes. In the Up-conversion process, there is the conversion of the low-energy excitation photons in the near-infrared to high-energy photons in the visible. On the other hand, in the Down-conversion process there is the conversion of the high-energy excitation photons in the ultraviolet/visible region to low-energy photons in the near-infrared region. The optical properties of the studied materials were discussed through absorption, luminescence, excitation, temporal evolution of the luminescence, power curve, X-ray diffraction, X-Ray Absorption Near Edge Structure and electron paramagnetic resonance measurements, as a function of the concentration of Tb3+ and Yb3+ ions. The results showed that all samples exhibit Up-conversion process. In addition, in all samples occurs the Down-conversion process. In both processes were identified the mechanisms that produce them. These results show a breakthrough in the studies of the Up-conversion and Down-conversion processes in Tb3+ and Yb3+ co-doped systems. The results suggest that the materials are applicable in enhancing the conversion efficiency of the Si-c solar cell via NIR Down-conversion.
Kozaily, Jad. "Structure et dynamique d'aluminosilicates de calcium fondus". Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00717373.
Testo completoGANSTER, Patrick. "Modélisation de verres intervenant dans le conditionnement des déchets radioactifs par dynamiques moléculaires classique et ab initio". Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007894.
Testo completoL'étude des effets de taille, en DM classique, montre que les systèmes de 100 atomes présentent un caractère plus ordonné par rapport à des systèmes de plus grande taille. L'effet observé est principalement lié à l'utilisation de termes de potentiels 3-corps. Non observable sur les facteurs de structure neutronique, le facteur calculé à partir d'une structure modélisée est en bonne adéquation avec une mesure expérimentale et valide le modèle classique. Les structures modélisées présentent un excès d'atomes d'oxygènes non pontants qui peuvent être compensés par des atomes d'oxygène tricoordonnés. L'exclusion non totale des atomes aluminium est aussi mis en évidence.
La poursuite de la dynamique en DM ab initio de systèmes de 100 et 200 atomes fabriqué en DM classique permet d'affiner localement les structures (distances interatomiques, angles). Une description plus réaliste des vibrations est obtenue.
La modélisation de films minces en DM classique montre une zone enrichie en calcium en sub-surface où l'on observe une dépolymérisation du réseau vitreux. L'aluminium s'étend le plus en surface et s'y trouve tricoordonné. La distribution atomique des films et les entités AlO_3 sont confirmés par un ajustement en DM ab initio. En DM classique, les atomes d'aluminium produisent un fort champ électrique au dessus de la surface et ils constituent, avec les sites NBO-Ca, des zones réactives avec H_2O.
Selmani, Samira. "Formulation de liants aluminosilicates à partir de différentes argiles tunisiennes". Thesis, Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0041.
Testo completoThis work is based on the synthesis of geopolymers from different Tunisian clays. In order to understand the geoplymerization mechanisms two steps are established. The first is relate to the characterization of the raw clays materials through different analyzes and their behavior with thermal treatment. The second involve around the study of geopolymers feasibility in order to understand the role of associated minerals and particle size, in the presence of a reference solution and aluminosilicate sources, on the synthesized products. To identify the role of the alkaline solution, new formulations have been developed and compared with previous one in the presence of Tunisian clays. Several techniques are used to characterize the materials during their formation: Infrared Spectroscopy, X ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis and Thermal analysis. Their mechanical properties were tested by compression
SABER, DRISS. "Une nouvelle famille de materiaux laser potentiels : les aluminosilicates de calcium type gehlenite activee aux lanthanides (nd#3#+, ho#3#+, er#3#+)". Paris 6, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA066318.
Testo completoAl, Saghir Kholoud. "Céramiques transparentes par cristallisation complète du verre : application aux aluminosilicates de strontium". Thesis, Orléans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ORLE2023/document.
Testo completoTransparent polycrystalline ceramics elaborated by full crystallization from glass are an emerging class of photonicquality materials competing with single crystal technology, especially for optical applications. This approach provides considerable advantages over single crystals and polycrystalline sintered ceramics represented by cost effectiveness, large scale production, wide range of accessible chemical compositions, easy shaping and high doping level hosting structure. In this work, we show the preparation of transparent cubic Sr3Al2O6 and Sr3Ga2O6 polycrystalline ceramics by full crystallization from the parent strontium aluminate (75SrO-25Al2O3) and strontium gallate (75SrO-25Ga2O3) glasses elaborated by aerodynamic levitation coupled to laser heating system. The transparency of the obtained Sr3Al2O6 ceramics is explained by their optical isotropy, thin grain boundaries and highly dense (non-porous) microstructure. We also show a series of novel Sr1+x/2Al2+xSi2-xO8 (0
Boissonnet, Germain. "Factors influencing the thermal insulation potential of different thermal barrier coating systems". Thesis, La Rochelle, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LAROS007.
Testo completoIn aeronautical gas turbine engines, the metallic materials employed in the hottest sections are subject to very harsh chemical environments at high pressures and temperatures. Therefore, thermal barrier coating systems (TBCs) are applied onto nickel-based superalloy substrates. These multi-layered systems (ceramic yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) / MCrAl or NiPtAl bond coats / cooled substrate) lower the temperature at the components surface, which ensures an adequate thermomechanical behaviour and reduces the oxidation/corrosion rates. However, the increase of the turbine inlet temperature (increased engine performance) brings about new degradation phenomena (e.g. CMAS) and loss of efficiency of the current TBCs. Therefore, understanding the evolution of the insulation ability of TBCs in such harsh environments is key from both the scientific and technological perspectives to estimate the lifetime of these coatings, hence that of the engines. Based on current plasma-sprayed (PS) and electron-beam physical vapour deposited (EB-PVD) YSZ coatings, this thesis seeks to provide a better comprehension on the relationships between the intrinsic properties of the current TBCs and their thermal insulation capacity as a basis for the development of future coatings. Also, this work studies an alternative solution to create a TBC made of hollow alumina microspheres by the slurry route. We will show that the sintering of the YSZ, the evolution of crystal phases, the reactions between YSZ and CMAS and the growth of thermal oxides alter the thermal diffusivity to different extents. In contrast, the evolution of the thermal diffusivity with temperature is less marked with the slurry alumina coatings, which appear more stable when hybrid Ar/air annealing atmospheres are employed upon their synthesis
Dolmaire, Alice. "Développement de barrières thermiques anti-CMAS et non mouillantes par projection thermique de suspensions". Thesis, Limoges, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIMO0039.
Testo completoThis PhD work is involved in the development of new technologies capable of withstanding harshenvironmental constraints demanded to the aeronautical industry on new turbojets. A new architecture of thermal barrier coating, exposed to temperatures higher than 1200°C and meant to protect highpressure turbine blades, is suggested in this work. This architecture is a bilayer coating comprising a columnar layer made of yttria-partially stabilised zirconia (YSZ) and a superficial dense layer containing gadolinium zirconate (GZ) and one non-oxide ceramic. It is produced by an emerging process called suspensions plasma spraying (SPS). This bilayer has to be resistant to atmospheric siliceous particles (CMAS) and has to exhibit thermomechanical properties compliant with the thermal barrier coating application. One part of the studies highlights the potential for a CMAS corrosion barrier from the composite coating GZ – SiC, due to the existence of an in situ reservoir of gadolinium oxyapatite and disilicate. Surface carbide is also likely limiting the spreading of the model CMAS glass tested. The coating displays a partially wetting behaviour up to 1300°C. This could result in a higher lifetime of the superficial coating during service. Bilayer coating YSZ – GZ/SiC shows similar properties to thermal aging and CMAS infiltration resistance. Characterisation in the plasma jet of the submicronic particles kinetic behaviour upon impact on diverse surfaces and the evaluation of plasma thermophysical properties on particles’ thermokinetic treatment refined current knowledges on coating columnar growth produced by SPS on intricate surfaces. A judicious choice of plasma conditions led to the production of a bilayer coating showing similar thermomechanical properties to current EB-PVD thermal barrier coatings used on high-pressure turbine blades
Delon, Elodie. "Procédé dual de mise en forme de barrières thermiques architecturées (durabilité, résistance aux CMAS) et de réparation de barrières thermiques endommagées". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30334/document.
Testo completoIn the aeronautics sector, environmental concerns are becoming increasingly important. Engine manufacturers are looking for innovative solutions to increase efficiency while lowering costs. The objective is to optimize thermal conductivity and durability with the cyclic oxidation resistance. In this perspective, new thermal barrier systems synthesized by the sol-gel route from commercial powders, ceramics with various form factors and pore-forming agents have been implemented and evaluated. Some systems are a lifetime higher than 1000 cycles in cyclic oxidation. However, this increase in the operating temperatures of the engines induces an increase in the temperature of the surfaces of the thermal barriers and can generate further degradations of the complete system: the corrosion by CMAS. To overcome these disadvantages, it is possible to develop anti-CMAS coatings capable of reacting with CMAS compounds before they have a detrimental effect on the integrity of the thermal barrier. In this study, we were particularly interested in anti-CMAS protective coatings based on yttria and pyrochlore systems, which were tested on industrial thermal barriers realized by EBPVD. Moreover, the processes we have developed, based on the sol-gel path, allow us, because of their ease of implementation, to envisage promising prospects in terms of repair of damaged thermal barriers. Indeed, given the high cost of manufacturing parts, the blades should be repaired several times before being discarded. In this work, a shaping process has been evaluated in this direction. This is electrophoretic deposition which is a technique allowing to deposit on complex parts. The objective of these investigations was therefore twofold: firstly to create new thermal barrier systems with anti-CMAS properties by electrophoretic deposition and then to repair the damaged EBPVD thermal barriers and to deposit an anti-CMAS protective layer by this same process. This "process" aspect will be discussed at the end of this work
Perrudin, François. "Étude de la dissolution de diverses terres rares dans des liquides silicatés (CMAS) de composition variable : contribution au développement des barrières thermiques en ZRO₂-RE₂O₃ (RE=La-Lu)". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0277/document.
Testo completoFine particles of sand, dust or volcanic ashes ingested by aircraft engines are well-known to damage Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBC) when they infiltrate their porous microstructure as molten silicate (CMAS). They are mainly constituted of CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 in variable proportions and also contain metallic oxides. RE2Zr2O7 compositions are TBC candidate materials as they have shown efficiency to mitigate CMAS infiltration due to their reactivity with synthetic CMAS. Indeed, the dissolution reaction leads to rapid sealing of the topcoat porosity mainly due to the formation of crystalline Ca2Gd8(SiO4)6O2 apatite. However, many rare-earth silicates are likely to compete with apatite crystallization and little is known on reaction kinetics and thermodynamics involving RE2O3 and multi-component CMAS system. This work aims to determine the influence of CMAS and rare earth composition on dissolution and precipitation mechanisms. A simplified CAS was first selected with eutectic (1170°C), 65SiO2-26CaO-9Al2O3 (mol. %) composition. Dissolution of various RE2O3 with increasing basicity (RE = Yb, Dy, Gd, Sm and Nd) as well as synthetic apatite and cyclosilicate Ca3RE2(Si3O9)2 phases was then performed at 1200°C in CAS-melt. Finally, fixed MgO and Fe2O3 contents were added to CAS melt with an increasing CaO/SiO2 ratio. The results showed that RE2O3 dissolution mechanism is indirect. Apatite formation results from local equilibrium at the interface with solid RE2O3 whatever the rare earth and CMAS composition. Its crystallization is favored when Ca2+ and RE3+ ionic radii are close as they are both distributed within 9-fold coordination sites. Conversely, Ca and RE mismatch leads to rapid nucleation of cyclosilicate phase in CAS as they are preferentially distributed within a 6-fold coordination site. MgO and Fe2O3 addition in CAS as well as RE2O3 basicity tend to increase RE solubility in silicate melt. Phases in thermodynamic equilibrium strongly depend on CMAS composition but generally exhibits lower RE solubility and dissolution rate in melt than apatite
Arnal, Simon. "Influence de la microstructure sur la tenue à la corrosion des barrières environnementales (EBC) et évaluation de nouvelles EBCs". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0793.
Testo completoCeramic matrix composites due to their high temperature stability and mechanical properties are materials of choice to replace nickel superalloys in turbine. However, CMC are made of silicon carbide which is sensitive to oxidizing and corrosive species such as water and oxygen at high temperature.CMC under this severe environment is chemically degraded and may see its mechanical properties reduced. It seems necessary to cover this CMC by a protective coating : environmental barriers (EBC).These EBCs made of rare earth silicates have to face three most phenomena: (i) diffusion of ionic species in the crystal structures of EBC (ii) the surface volatilization of the silicate induced by reactions with moisture (iii) dissolution by melted sands: CMAS. The aim of this work is to implement amethodology to characterize the influence of the microstructure on the properties of the material. A second part deal with the optimization of the performance of the materials by modifying the architecture of the coating and its composition
Lu, Chung-Ling, e 陸中玲. "Elastic Properties of Calcium Aluminosilicate Glasses". Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85783957172408257214.
Testo completo輔仁大學
物理學系
87
The velocities of longitudinal and transverse ultrasonic waves in ten different compositions of calcium aluminosilicate glasses system were measured at room temperature using pulse echo technique at 10 MHz frequency and were measured at temperature between 25℃ and 350℃. At room temperature, the velocities of longitudinal and transverse ultrasonic waves depend upon the composition of calcium aluminosilicate glasses. For each composition of calcium aluminosilicate glasses, the velocities of longitudinal and transverse ultrasonic waves depend upon temperature. The sound velocities also allow the determination of Young‘s modulus, bulk modulus, shear modulus, and Poisson’s ratio. Compare the calculated values of elastic modulus from Makishima and Mackenzie model and Rocherulle model with measured values of elastic modulus, the Rocherulle model shows a better agreement.
Chou, Jui-Pin, e 周瑞彬. "Thermal Behavior of Calcium Aluminosilicate Glass". Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89046943272269038253.
Testo completo大同大學
材料工程學系(所)
98
There are two kinds of making solar cell, one is that a polysilicate wafer makes p-n junctions by etching and diffusion methods, other is depositing lines of polysilicate thin film on a substrate, the latter could save cost of raw materials of silicate. If we use foreign substrates to substitute for polysilicate wafer substrates, the cost could save much more. But thermal expansion coefficient of ceramic substrates is much larger than silicate, so we chose a suitable glasses as a interlayer(enduring CVD temperature、 small roughness、 CTE between polysilicates and substrates). CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass as a main component add different elements to modify thermal behavior of glasses, matching the ceramic substrates.This thesis select B2O3、GeO2、La2O3 and Ba2O3 adding to glasses to modified the thermal behavior.Adding three front elements for glasses would decrease viscosity;Adding last element would increase viscosity. From the sigh of the thermal expansion behavior, adding B2O3 and Ba2O3 could decrease the coefficient of thermal expansion, and adding GeO2 and La2O3 could increase the coefficient of thermal expansion.
Hong, ChengTeng, e 洪正騰. "Structure and Properties Study of the Calcium Aluminosilicate Glasses". Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23528392813198187774.
Testo completo國立彰化師範大學
物理系
88
In this research project we characterized to the structure and properties of calcium aluminosilicate glasses by the technique of DTA (Differential Thermal Analysis), X-ray diffraction and EXAFS (Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure) of X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Ca K-edge. We made the glass samples. By changing the contents of SiO2 and found that the glass transition temperatures decreased with higher SiO2 contents. We verified our samples are all glasses by the X-ray diffraction. Finally, we analyzed the EXAFS of the Ca K-edge for the glass samples, and found the coordination number of oxygen around calcium changed from 3 to 5 with increasing SiO2 contents.
Smith, Donald R. "Oxidation of a ferrous iron-bearing calcium-magnesium-aluminosilicate glass the effect of structure on chemical diffusion and reaction morphology /". 1997. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/37377290.html.
Testo completoTypescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 51-53).
Parry, Gavin Wayne Materials Science & Engineering Faculty of Science UNSW. "Wettability of solid metals by low melting non-metallic inclusions". 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/40891.
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