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Beamer, Bryan, Trudi McCleery e Charles Hayden. "Buy Quiet Initiative in the USA". Acoustics Australia 44, n. 1 (10 dicembre 2015): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40857-015-0036-1.
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Solgama, Jay P., Edward Liu, Mellar Davis, Jove Graham, Kenneth L. McCall e Brian J. Piper. "State-level variation in distribution of oxycodone and opioid-related deaths from 2000 to 2021: an ecological study of ARCOS and CDC WONDER data in the USA". BMJ Open 14, n. 3 (marzo 2024): e073765. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073765.
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ObjectivesThis study aims to characterise oxycodone’s distribution and opioid-related overdoses in the USA by state from 2000 to 2021.DesignThis is an observational study.SettingMore than 80 000 Americans died of an opioid overdose in 2021 as the USA continues to struggle with an opioid crisis. Prescription opioids play a substantial role, introducing patients to opioids and providing a supply of drugs that can be redirected to those seeking to misuse them.MethodsThe Drug Enforcement Administration annual summary reports from the Automation of Reports and Consolidated Orders System provided weights of oxycodone distributed per state by business type (pharmacies, hospitals and practitioners). Weights were converted to morphine milligram equivalents (MME) per capita and normalised for population. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging ONline Data for Epidemiologic Research provided mortality data for heroin, other opioids, methadone, other synthetic narcotics and other/unspecified narcotics.ResultsThere was a sharp 280.13% increase in total MME/person of oxycodone from 2000 to 2010, followed by a slower 54.34% decrease from 2010 to 2021. Florida (2007–2011), Delaware (2003–2020) and Tennessee (2012–2021) displayed consistent and substantial elevations in combined MME/person compared with other states. In the peak year (2010), there was a 15-fold difference between the highest and lowest states. MME/person from only pharmacies, which constituted >94% of the total, showed similar results. Hospitals in Alaska (2000–2001, 2008, 2010–2021), Colorado (2008–2021) and DC (2000–2011) distributed substantially more MME/person over many years compared with other states. Florida stood out in practitioner-distributed oxycodone, with an elevation of almost 15-fold the average state from 2006 to 2010. Opioid-related deaths increased +806% from 2000 to 2021, largely driven by heroin, other opioids and other synthetic narcotics.ConclusionsOxycodone distribution across the USA showed marked differences between states and business types over time. Investigation of opioid policies in states of interest may provide insight for future actions to mitigate opioid misuse.
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Iversen, Nina M., Leif E. Hem e Ulf H. Olsson. "Willingness to buy US products in three Southeast European countries: The effects of cognitive, affective and conative components of country-of-origin image". Journal of East European Management Studies 27, n. 3 (2022): 487–518. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0949-6181-2022-3-487.
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The objective of this research is to present results from a survey conducted in Croatia, Serbia, and Bosnia-Herzegovina, addressing the negative influence of warfare by USA upon consumer behavior in the region. The results show that perceptions generated from USA’s general country image influence consumers’ intentions to buy American-made products. Furthermore, country “goodwill” and “bad-will” create cognitive and affective ambivalence, which concurrently promote and hamper consumers’ willingness to buy foreign products. Facets of USA’s general country image create mixed emotions, which influence approach and avoidance behavior towards US imports. USA’s country image concurrently impacts product-specific perceptions, ethnocentric tendencies, animosity, and admiration/affinity, influencing the propensity to buy American-made products among consumers in Croatia, Serbia, and Bosnia-Herzegovina.
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Suh, Taewon, e Ik‐Whan G. Kwon. "Globalization and reluctant buyers". International Marketing Review 19, n. 6 (1 dicembre 2002): 663–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02651330210451962.
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This study attempted to empirically test a debatable hypothesis that globalization entails homogenization in consumers’ mind and behavior. Using samples from two countries (USA, n = 120 and Korea, n= 128), this study explored a path model centered on consumers’ reluctance to purchase foreign goods. The findings indicated that, in the US sample only, consumer ethnocentrism plays a mediating role between global openness and the reluctance to buy, although it is on the decrease with the increasing level of global openness. Consumer ethnocentrism is still an important factor in determining the magnitude of reluctance to buy a foreign product in both samples, while product judgment also plays an important role, but only in a certain cultural context (i.e. the USA). It is concluded, therefore, that consumers in a different culture, who are different in their attitudes and perceptions, tastes and preferences, and values, are still different even after being exposed to the massive wave of globalization.
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Rozmus, Dariusz. "CAN YOU BUY GREENLAND, AN OVERSEAS TERRITORY OF THE KINGDOM OF DENMARK?" Roczniki Administracji i Prawa 1, n. XXII (31 marzo 2022): 127–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.9089.
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Is it possible to buy Greenland which is an overseas territory of the Kingdom of Denmark? The answer to this question is not simple. The question is not a joke. In the past, there was no shortage of ideas and attempts to buy Greenland. The customer in this transaction was the United States of America. It would not be the first territorial purchase made by the USA from the Kingdom of Denmark. During the First World War in 1917, the USA bought from Denmark the so-called Danish West Indies - which is part of today’s Virgin Islands. The US has considered buying the world’s largest island on several occasions. The first such plans appeared in the 19th century. In 1946, President Harry Truman unsuccessfully made an offer to Denmark to buy Greenland for 100 million dollars at that time. The administration of President Donald Trump also deliberates on this issue. The economic (and possibly military) activity of Russia and China forces the USA to be particularly interested in this island. America has military bases in Greenland and is bound by the 1951 treaty together with Denmark to defend it. The US must pursue an active policy in this region of the Arctic, preventing the American continent from being flanked from the east by competing (if not hostile) superpowers. In the opinion of lawyers, the prevailing opinion is that land purchases are a long practice established in history and well-established in international law. This practice, however, may be contrary to the will of the inhabitants of the lands being sold or purchased. In the case of Greenland, apart from issues related to broadly understood human rights, the degree of autonomy enjoyed by this island additionally prevents such transactions. The Greenlanders themselves strive for independence.
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Lysonski, Steven. "Receptivity of young Chinese to American and global brands: psychological underpinnings". Journal of Consumer Marketing 31, n. 4 (3 giugno 2014): 250–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcm-01-2014-0842.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper was to examine psychological variables of young Chinese to determine their impact on identification with global consumer culture, attitudes toward global and USA brands and intention to buy USA brands. The independent or psychological variables examined were self-monitoring, life satisfaction, brand relevance, social demonstration effect, change-seeking behavior and reference groups (interacted and non-interacted). The goal was to understand what forces drive global and USA brand preferences. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected in Guangzhou, China, in 2013 through a survey administered to 152 young Chinese respondents. Confirmatory factor analysis and reliability coefficients verified the psychometrics of each scale. Subsequently, the sample was divided into high versus low groups for each of the independent variables to perform mean tests for each on each of the four dependent variables. Findings – The results showed that all the hypotheses were supported to some extent. The sample had a positive attitude toward all the dependent measures: identification with global consumer culture, global and USA brands and intention to buy USA brands. Self-monitoring and change-seeking behavior had the least association with the dependent variables. Brand relevance, social demonstration effect and interactive and non-interactive reference groups were all found to have strong support. Research limitations/implications – The authors used an urban sample of young Chinese. Examining an older sample or one that was less urban would also be useful. Future research could also examine other emerging markets such as Brazil or Indonesia to identify the impact of the psychological variables. Practical implications – Multinational firms wishing to grow revenues of their USA and global brands in China must be attuned to the social aspects of positioning their brands. The implications show that brand relevance, social demonstration and reference groups can be used for positioning of global and USA brands. As China is a collectivist society, using appeals that establish a brand’s desirability or relevance and its ability to allow users to socially demonstrate the brand to reference groups is likely to work well. Originality/value – No study has assembled the variables in the manner investigated in this research, nor have other studies looked at young Chinese in terms of USA brand attitudes and identification with global consumer culture.
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Preissner, Saskia, Vishal B. Siramshetty, Mathias Dunkel, Paul Steinborn, Friedrich C. Luft e Robert Preissner. "Pain-Prescription Differences - An Analysis of 500,000 Discharge Summaries". Current Drug Research Reviews 11, n. 1 (26 febbraio 2019): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874473711666180911091846.
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Background: Pain-relief prescriptions have led to an alarming increase in drug-related abuse. Objective: In this study, we estimate the pain reliever prescription rates at a major German academic hospital center and compare with the nationwide trends from Germany and prescription reports from the USA. Methods: We analysed >500,000 discharge summaries from Charité, encompassing the years 2006 to 2015, and extracted the medications and diagnoses from each discharge summary. Prescription reports from the USA and Germany were collected and compared with the trends at Charité to identify the frequently prescribed pain relievers and their world-wide utilization trends. The average costs of pain therapy were also calculated and compared between the three regions. Results: Metamizole (dipyrone), a non-opioid analgesic, was the most commonly prescribed pain reliever at Charité (59%) and in Germany (23%) while oxycodone (29%), a semi-synthetic opioid, was most commonly ordered in the USA. Surprisingly, metamizole was prescribed to nearly 20% of all patients at Charité, a drug that has been banned for safety reasons (agranulocytosis) in most developed countries including Canada, United Kingdom, and USA. A large number of prospective cases with high risk for agranulocytosis and other side effects were found. The average cost of pain therapy greatly varied between the USA (125.3 EUR) and Charité (17.2 EUR). Conclusion: The choice of pain relievers varies regionally and is often in disagreement with approved indications and regulatory guidelines. A pronounced East-West gradient was observed with metamizole use and the opposite with prescription opioids.
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Almoaber, Basmah, e Daniel Amyot. "Barriers to Successful Health Information Exchange Systems in Canada and the USA". International Journal of Healthcare Information Systems and Informatics 12, n. 1 (gennaio 2017): 44–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijhisi.2017010104.
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Background: Despite the potential benefits of health information exchange (HIE) and the two decades of efforts from the Canadian and the American governments to promote health exchange projects, failures far outnumber successes. Objective: To better understand the barriers influencing the adoption and implementation of inter-organization HIE systems in Canada and the USA. Method: A systematic literature review was conducted to examine English-language studies that identified barriers to HIE in Canada and the USA between 1995 and 2016. Electronic databases, backward searching and expert consultations were used. Results: 31 articles have been included. There is a dearth of publications reported on the HIE barriers in Canada. A total of 33 barriers have been identified. Conclusion: There are noticeable differences in the barriers reported in these countries. Privacy concerns and a lack of stakeholder buy-in are recurring barriers over time in the USA. Low adoption of electronic medical records is the main barrier in Canada.
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Millath, Dr M. Ayisha, e Dr K. Malik Ali. "Awareness on Sustainability Perspective among Consumers’ of Tea". Restaurant Business 118, n. 7 (16 luglio 2019): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/rb.v118i7.7670.
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Tea is an imperative beverage elsewhere in the world. The need and demand for tea are increasing day by day. Tea Association of USA expects continued growth in tea sales due to awareness on its health benefits. There are more than 3000 kinds of tea varieties are there but only four varieties are widely used. The authors investigated the opinion on sustainability perspectives and problems faced by them while they intend to buy. Willing Participants are included in survey with the sample size of 237. The correlation result revealed that there is a positive relationship between educational qualification and sustainability perspectives of tea products among consumers. . It is also found that lack of information and high price were the major problems faced by tea consumers while intend to buy sustainable tea. So the tea manufacturers and processors must throw light on these issues to improve its preference among consumers.
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Richter, Brian D., Stephen Andrews, Rhaude Dahlinghaus, Gabriella Freckmann, Sam Ganis, James Green, Ian Hardman, Marissa Palmer e Jessica Shalvey. "Buy Me a River: Purchasing Water Rights to Restore River Flows in the Western USA". JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association 56, n. 1 (13 novembre 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12808.
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Pattamatta, Pritham, e Shaunak S. Dabadghao. "Models for Point-of-Sale (POS) Market Entry". FinTech 1, n. 4 (12 ottobre 2022): 318–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fintech1040024.
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Point of Sale (PoS) or Buy-Now-Pay-Later (BNPL) type financing has observed a strong rise in the last decade, and accounts for about 10% of the unsecured lending market in the USA. This market is largely covered by FinTechs, and traditional financial institutions are beginning to demonstrate interest in entering this market. In this short communication, we identify why the POS market is attractive and what drives its growth, examine the market participants, and illustrate the various ways in which financial institutions can enter this market.
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Harris, Jennifer L., Jacqueline M. Thompson, Marlene B. Schwartz e Kelly D. Brownell. "Nutrition-related claims on children's cereals: what do they mean to parents and do they influence willingness to buy?" Public Health Nutrition 14, n. 12 (2 agosto 2011): 2207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980011001741.
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AbstractObjectiveTo examine parents’ beliefs about the meaning of common front-of-package nutrition-related claims on children's cereals and determine whether the claims would make them more willing to buy the cereals.DesignParents viewed images of box fronts for children's cereals of below-average nutritional quality, as assessed by a validated nutrient profiling model. These boxes featured various nutrition-related claims including ‘supports your child's immunity’, ‘whole grain’, ‘fibre’, ‘calcium and vitamin D’ and ‘organic’. Participants were provided possible meanings for these claims and asked to select any that applied with the option to write in additional meanings. They also indicated how the claim would affect their willingness to buy the product.SettingOnline survey.SubjectsParents with children between the ages of 2 and 11 years (n 306) recruited through an online panel.ResultsThe majority of parents misinterpreted the meaning of claims commonly used on children's cereals. They inferred that cereals with claims were more nutritious overall and might provide specific health-related benefits for their children; and these beliefs predicted greater willingness to buy the cereals.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that common front-of-package nutrition-related claims are potentially misleading, especially when placed on products with high levels of nutrients to limit (e.g. sugar, sodium) and low levels of other nutrients to encourage (e.g. fibre, protein). Additional regulation is needed to protect consumers in the USA.
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Rosenbaum, Dennis P., e William P. McCarty. "Organizational justice and officer “buy in” in American policing". Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management 40, n. 1 (20 marzo 2017): 71–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pijpsm-07-2016-0114.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the dimensions of organizational justice in police organizations and evaluate how they contribute to organizational commitment, job satisfaction and compliance with agency rules. Design/methodology/approach A survey of 15,236 sworn officers from a national sample of 88 agencies was used, as well as other agency- and community-level variables. Multi-level models assessed how four dimensions of organizational justice affected these outcomes. Findings More favorable perceptions of organizational justice were strongly related to increased commitment to the organization, job satisfaction and compliance with agency rules. Perceptions of organization-wide justice, leadership justice and diversity justice were especially important in predicting those outcome measures. Research limitations/implications While the sample of agencies was broad and diverse, it should not be considered representative of smaller municipal police departments and sheriff’s offices in the USA. Practical implications The findings suggest that “buy in” to reforms and police compliance with rules is much more likely when supervisors and leaders are fair, respectful, give officers input, provide growth opportunities and show concern for officers’ welfare. As such, agencies would benefit from leadership and leadership training that values the core principals of organizational justice. Originality/value The study provides clarity about how organizational justice is perceived by police officers, including women and officers of color, and provides an unprecedented test of organizational justice theory in diverse police agencies.
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Souiden, Nizar, Riadh Ladhari e Liu Chang. "Chinese perception and willingness to buy Taiwanese brands". Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics 30, n. 4 (10 settembre 2018): 816–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjml-09-2017-0203.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine ethnocentrism and animosity in a special context of two societies that share cultural, historical, ethnic and geographical characteristics. In particular, it first investigates the relationships between Chinese ethnocentrism and animosity toward Taiwan, and then it examines the impact of these two factors on the Chinese perception of Taiwanese brand quality and their purchase intent. Design/methodology/approach Based on a sample of 605 respondents from China, data were analyzed by structural equation modeling. Findings The results show that although Chinese animosity toward Taiwan is moderate, it is significantly driven by ethnocentrism, which has a significant and negative effect on willingness to buy, but not on the perception of Taiwanese brand quality. The Chinese animosity toward Taiwan, however, has negative and significant effects on their perception of Taiwanese brand quality and their intention of purchasing Taiwanese brands. Research limitations/implications The immense size of the country has impeded the representativeness of the authors’ sample and the generalizability of the results. Also, the study covers only one type of product. Practical implications Forming partnerships with local Chinese businesses and developing strong ties with local communities could be considered as a solution to minimize or circumvent the effect of animosity and might help foreign companies appear more “local.” Originality/value In contrast to past studies that investigated ethnocentrism and animosity in the context of countries presenting several differences (e.g. China vs USA), this study investigates the effect of ethnocentrism and animosity in the context of two countries (China and Taiwan) that share cultural, historical, ethnic and geographic characteristics. Despite the strong ties between the two countries, the Chinese have a certain animosity, though moderate, toward Taiwan and consequently are less inclined to buy Taiwanese brands. This implies that Chinese animosity toward a country may be toned down or pronounced, depending on whether they have strong or weak ties with that country.
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Dawes, John G. "Price promotions: examining the buyer mix and subsequent changes in purchase loyalty". Journal of Consumer Marketing 35, n. 4 (11 giugno 2018): 366–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcm-03-2017-2134.
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PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the extent to which temporary price promotions attract people who do not normally buy a brand, and whether buyers change their propensity to buy the promoted brand afterwards.Design/methodology/approachThe study analyses promotions in 18 consumer goods categories in the UK and USA. It calculates the proportion of promotion purchasers that have bought a brand at least once in their last five purchases and the Share of Category Requirements of those purchasers. These figures are then compared to normal-price purchasers.FindingsThe study finds the majority of price-promotion buyers already bought the brand at least once in their last five category purchases (average = 77 per cent). This figure is similar to that for normal-price purchases (average = 81 per cent). Average Household SCR to the brand is also very similar for price-promotion purchases compared to normal price purchases. Therefore, promotions do not attract a markedly different mix of buyers. Furthermore, buyer propensity to buy the brand is the same after a promotion purchase as it was before.Research limitations/implicationsA contribution of the paper is that it supports a theory of consumers as cognitive misers, who screen out promotion information about unfamiliar brands. The paper also highlights that in packaged-goods markets, consumers can be generally seen as experienced buyers, who do not learn new information from buying brands they have previously purchased.Practical implicationsThe managerial implication is that price promotions must be judged on their immediate profitability. There seems little recourse to the idea they can result in “try it, like it, buy it again later” effects.Originality/valueWhile many studies have examined the effects of price promotions, this is the first to explicitly compare the mix of buyers attracted from a price promotion to that which occurs when a brand is sold at normal price.
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Vaughan, Christine A., Deborah A. Cohen, Madhumita Ghosh-Dastidar, Gerald P. Hunter e Tamara Dubowitz. "Where do food desert residents buy most of their junk food? Supermarkets". Public Health Nutrition 20, n. 14 (5 ottobre 2016): 2608–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136898001600269x.
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Abstract Objective To examine where residents in an area with limited access to healthy foods (an urban food desert) purchased healthier and less healthy foods. Design Food shopping receipts were collected over a one-week period in 2013. These were analysed to describe where residents shopped for food and what types of food they bought. Setting Two low-income, predominantly African-American neighbourhoods with limited access to healthy foods in Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Subjects Two hundred and ninety-three households in which the primary food shoppers were predominantly female (77·8 %) and non-Hispanic black (91·1 %) adults. Results Full-service supermarkets were by far the most common food retail outlet from which food receipts were returned and accounted for a much larger proportion (57·4 %) of food and beverage expenditures, both healthy and unhealthy, than other food retail outlets. Although patronized less frequently, convenience stores were notable purveyors of unhealthy foods. Conclusions Findings highlight the need to implement policies that can help to decrease unhealthy food purchases in full-service supermarkets and convenience stores and increase healthy food purchases in convenience stores.
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Laidler, Patricia. "What Kids Buy and Why20003Dan S. Acuff, with Robert H. Reiher. What Kids Buy and Why. USA: The Free Press 1997. 206 pp., ISBN: 0084871173 $19.95 paperback". Journal of Consumer Marketing 17, n. 4 (luglio 2000): 358–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcm.2000.17.4.358.3.
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Blundell, Arthur G. "Tracking sequestered carbon in the timber trade". Environmental Conservation 29, n. 4 (dicembre 2002): 407–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892902000292.
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The most recent meeting discussing the Kyoto Protocol focused on market-based mechanisms to reduce greenhouse gases. This could pave the way for initiatives that allow polluters to offset their emissions if they buy carbon sequestered through reforestation (Sandalow & Bowles 2001). But rather than lose credit when the trees are harvested, investors must continue to track the sequestered carbon once trees become timber. I examined trade statistics for the best-tracked timber species, namely mahogany, Swietenia macrophylla King (Meliaceae). Although mahogany is regulated by one of the most restrictive trade agreements, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), I found discrepancies in USA trade statistics of c. 30%, representing c. US$ 100 million over the last 4 years. For comparison, I also calculated differences in trade data for all sawnwood, according to the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO); discrepancies between USA and exporter reports were c. 38%. Large accounting problems must be solved before sequestered carbon should become a globally traded commodity.
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Chan, Jimmy J., Javier Z. Guzman, Kevin K. Chen, Jesse C. Chan e Ettore Vulcano. "Opioid Consumption and Time to Return to Work After Percutaneous Foot and Ankle Surgery". Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 4, n. 4 (1 ottobre 2019): 2473011419S0001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011419s00016.
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Category: Hindfoot, Lesser Toes, Midfoot/Forefoot Introduction/Purpose: Orthopaedic surgeons are the 5th highest prescriber for narcotics in the USA. Foot and ankle procedures can be amongst some of the more painful procedures in orthopedics. A recent study demonstrated that patient underwent open foot and ankle surgeries averaged 27.2 tablets of narcotics with 37% of patients unwilling to stop at 3-month post-operative visit. Percutaneous techniques for foot and ankle procedures were recently approved in the U.S., which allow for significantly smaller incisions and minimal soft tissue disruption, which may potentially decrease post-operative pain and allow faster recovery. The purpose of this study is to assess the total opioid consumption and time for return to work following percutaneous foot and ankle surgery. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 50 consecutive patients underwent percutaneous foot surgery (bony procedures with or without soft tissue work) by a single surgeon. All surgeries were outpatient procedures and performed under general anesthesia with a long-acting popliteal nerve block. All patients were prescribed 30 tablets of 5 mg oxycodone, 50 tablets of 500 mg acetaminophen, and 9 tablets of 600 mg ibuprofen post-operatively for pain control. All patients were given a log sheet to record number of pain medications taken during the first 14 post-operative days. The log sheet and leftover pills were collected and counted to confirm the amount of pain medication used at 2-week post-operative visit. Time return to work was also recorded in subsequent follow-up appointment. Results: All 50 patients returned their log sheet at 2-week post-operative visit. Mean age was 47.1 years. N=36 (72%) were forefoot surgeries, N=2 (4%) midfoot, N=9 (18%) hindfoot, and N=3 (6%) combined. Average oxycodone tablets taken during the first 14 days after surgery was 3.3 tablets. By the 14th day, no patient was taking any narcotic medication. The average return to work was 18.9 days post-operatively. Patients with forefoot surgery averaged 2.2 tablets of oxycodone with return to work at 10.4 days. Midfoot surgery patients averaged 3.5 tablets with return to work at 33 days. Hindfoot surgery patients averaged 5.3 tablets with return to work at 38.9 days. Combined foot surgery patients averaged 11 tablets with return to work at 54.3 days. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that percutaneous foot and ankle surgery has significant reduction and cessation in narcotic consumption post-operatively when compared to the reported values with open procedures in current literature.
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Chapron, Guillaume, e Adrian Treves. "Blood does not buy goodwill: allowing culling increases poaching of a large carnivore". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283, n. 1830 (11 maggio 2016): 20152939. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.2939.
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Quantifying environmental crime and the effectiveness of policy interventions is difficult because perpetrators typically conceal evidence. To prevent illegal uses of natural resources, such as poaching endangered species, governments have advocated granting policy flexibility to local authorities by liberalizing culling or hunting of large carnivores. We present the first quantitative evaluation of the hypothesis that liberalizing culling will reduce poaching and improve population status of an endangered carnivore. We show that allowing wolf ( Canis lupus ) culling was substantially more likely to increase poaching than reduce it. Replicated, quasi-experimental changes in wolf policies in Wisconsin and Michigan, USA, revealed that a repeated policy signal to allow state culling triggered repeated slowdowns in wolf population growth, irrespective of the policy implementation measured as the number of wolves killed. The most likely explanation for these slowdowns was poaching and alternative explanations found no support. When the government kills a protected species, the perceived value of each individual of that species may decline; so liberalizing wolf culling may have sent a negative message about the value of wolves or acceptability of poaching. Our results suggest that granting management flexibility for endangered species to address illegal behaviour may instead promote such behaviour.
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Silva, Francilia Brito, Dawn E. Osborn, Meghan R. Owens, Tracie Kirkland, Carolyn E. Moore, Mindy A. Patterson, Wesley J. Tucker, Derek C. Miketinas e Kathleen E. Davis. "Influence of COVID-19 Pandemic Restrictions on College Students’ Dietary Quality and Experience of the Food Environment". Nutrients 13, n. 8 (14 agosto 2021): 2790. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13082790.
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The COVID-19 pandemic restrictions sent college students online and off campus, potentially reducing access to healthy food. The objective of this cross-sectional, internet-based study was to use qualitative and quantitative survey methods to evaluate whether COVID-19 pandemic restrictions in Texas, USA affected college students’ ability to buy food, how/what they shopped for, how they prepared food, what they ate, how they felt about eating, and overall dietary quality (assessed using Healthy Eating Index [HEI] scores). Survey responses from 502 students (87.5% female; 59.6% nonwhite, mean age 27.5 ± 0.4 years, >50% graduate students) were analyzed. The qualitative analysis of open-ended questions revealed 110 codes, 17 subthemes, and six themes. Almost all students experienced changes in at least one area, the most common being changes in shopping habits. Participants with low or very low food security had lower HEI scores compared to food secure students (p = 0.047). Black students were more likely to report changes in their ability to buy food (p = 0.035). The COVID-19 restrictions varied in their impact on students’ ability to access sufficient healthy food, with some students severely affected. Thus, universities should establish procedures for responding to emergencies, including identifying at-risk students and mobilizing emergency funds and/or food assistance.
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Khoroshun, Ganna, Oleksandr Ryazantsev e Maksym Cherpitskyi. "Clustering and anomalies of USA stock market volatility index data". Advanced Information Systems 7, n. 2 (12 giugno 2023): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2522-9052.2023.2.02.
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Actuality. Investing money is an important way to improve the financial condition of both an individual and society as a whole. The problem of understanding financial data and making decisions regarding the investment of money in a certain project at this moment in time is relevant. The object of the study is the process of establishing the dependence of the value of the asset on time. The subject of research is mathematical models of data processing, data clustering and anomaly detection. The purpose of this work is to develop a method for effective investment of money using data processing and analysis methods for CVOE volatility index values in the USA, determination of clusters based on actions with assets, as well as checking the presence of anomalous data. Research results. Official data of volatility index values were selected and prepared for further analysis by removing incomplete sets and further normalization. Clustering of time series was carried out and the array was divided into five homogeneous groups. Clusters determine the ranges of the volatility index, which reflect the different sentiments of investors in the market and encourage appropriate actions with assets: to sell, to wait of index increasing, to buy, to remove money from developing projects and invest in stable ones, to wait of index decreasing. Segmentation of data, application of window function, centroids for segments were determined and signal reconstruction was carried out. Data anomaly points were identified. A comparative analysis was carried out based on the results of constructed initial data, reconstructed data and reconstruction error.
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Connelly, John. "On István Rév's Retroactive Justice “Memorial Day's A Reason to Buy a Beach Bag”: Reflections from the USA". East Central Europe 36, n. 2 (2009): 281–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187633009x411575.
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Chen, Ya-Mei, Yuchi Young e Patrick Schumacher. "Impact of Health Systems on Life Expectancy in Taiwan, Singapore, and the USA: Similarities and Differences". Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (1 dicembre 2020): 704–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2475.
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Abstract Like Singapore, Taiwan has universal health care and universal long-term care (LTC). The USA has neither. Those who need LTC in the US pay out of pocket, buy private LTC insurance or spend down to qualify for Medicaid; there are inherent issues related to cost and quality. For example, nursing home care costs over US$100,000/year and only about 8% of the population has private LTC insurance. Many people become impoverished or struggle financially to qualify for Medicaid. Conversely, Taiwan has universal LTC insurance that offers comprehensive services for all, but it is relatively new and its impact remains to be seen. Similarities and differences related to LTC quality indicators such as functional independence, and the NCQA quality measures (e.g., effectiveness of care, access/availability) in Taiwan, Singapore and the US will be presented. The results of this comparison can inform policy makers and stakeholders leading to best practices. Part of a symposium sponsored by International Comparisons of Healthy Aging Interest Group.
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Yao, Yang, Yisheng Wang, Jingyi Huang, Zhenao Han e Zihan Wang. "Research on the Benign Development of Chinas Hog Futures Market--Comparison Between China and the USA". Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 82, n. 1 (14 giugno 2024): 363–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/82/20230998.
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Hog futures are a type of financial contract that allow participants to buy or sell hogs at a predetermined price for delivery at a specified date in the future. These futures serve as a risk management tool for hog producers, processors, and speculators over pork value. This research paper aims to cover the uses of hog futures, and provides a detailed comparison with the well-established live hog spot and futures markets in the United States as compared with the newer hog futures market in China. We would also briefly explain China's live hog industry hog chain and highlight its unique characteristics. Then we cover the design of live hog futures and explore the potenti,al impact of the contextual disparities between China and the United States. Lastly a detailed analysis will be conducted on how these futures can effectively change the complexities of industry and price cycles in China drive the development of the spot market, taking into consideration the complexities of industry and price cycles.
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Reboredo, Juan C., Andrea Ugolini e Yifei Chen. "Interdependence Between Renewable-Energy and Low-Carbon Stock Prices". Energies 12, n. 23 (22 novembre 2019): 4461. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12234461.
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In the transition to a low-carbon economy, climate-resilient investors may be inclined to buy renewable-energy or other low-carbon assets. As the diversification benefits of investment positions in those assets depend on interdependence between their market prices, we explore that interdependence in the European and USA stock markets. We model the dependence structure using bivariate copula functions and evaluate price spillovers between those markets using a conditional quantile dependence approach that accounts for the reciprocal effects of price movements in those markets under normal and extreme market scenarios. Our empirical evidence for the period 2010–2019 indicates that European renewable-energy and low-carbon stocks co-move; upward and downward movements in low-carbon asset prices have sizeable effects on renewable-energy asset prices, and vice versa, although effects are smaller. In contrast, for the USA we find evidence of non-interdependence, with no significant upward or downward price spillover effects between renewable-energy and low-carbon stocks. Our empirical findings provide useful insights for the design of carbon-resilient portfolios and risk management strategies, and also for implementation of public funding policies to support the transition to a low-carbon economy.
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de Koning, Wim, David Dean, Frank Vriesekoop, Luis Kluwe Aguiar, Martin Anderson, Philippe Mongondry, Mark Oppong-Gyamfi et al. "Drivers and Inhibitors in the Acceptance of Meat Alternatives: The Case of Plant and Insect-Based Proteins". Foods 9, n. 9 (14 settembre 2020): 1292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9091292.
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Insects as an alternative protein source has gained traction for its advantageous environmental impact. Despite being part of many traditional food cultures, insects remain a novelty in Western cultures and a challenging concept for many. Even though plant-based protein alternatives are not facing the same barriers, product unfamiliarity and limited exposure hinder adoption, which could be detrimental to growth within the food sector. This study is aimed at evaluating plant- and insect-based proteins as alternative dietary proteins. A model indicating the drivers of consumer attitudes towards meat-alternative proteins and consumer willingness to try, buy, and pay a premium was tested. Further, 3091 responses were collected using surveys in nine countries: China, USA, France, UK, New Zealand, Netherlands, Brazil, Spain, and the Dominican Republic. Structural Equation Modelling was used to analyze the data. We found that consumer’s behavioral intentions towards both plant-based and insect-based alternatives are inhibited by food neophobia but to an extent, are amplified by the perceived suitability and benefits of the protein, which in turn are driven by nutritional importance, environmental impact, healthiness, and sensory attributes for both alternatives. The expectation of the nutritional value of meat is the strongest (negative) influence on perceived suitability/benefits of plant-based protein and willingness to try, buy, and pay more for plant-based proteins, but it only has a relatively small impact on the suitability/benefits of insect-based protein and no impact on willingness to try, buy, and pay more for insect-based proteins. Overall, we conclude that consumer adoption towards meat alternatives is complex and is strengthened by the perceived suitability/benefits of the protein and general importance of perceived food healthiness and sustainability. Conversely, adoption is hindered by dietary factors and the experiential importance of meat and food neophobia.
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Allen, Jyai, Debra K. Creedy, Kyly Mills e Jenny Gamble. "Health engagement: a systematic review of tools modifiable for use with vulnerable pregnant women". BMJ Open 13, n. 3 (marzo 2023): e065720. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065720.
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ObjectiveTo examine available health engagement tools suitable to, or modifiable for, vulnerable pregnant populations.DesignSystematic review.Eligibility criteriaOriginal studies of tool development and validation related to health engagement, with abstract available in English, published between 2000 and 2022, sampling people receiving outpatient healthcare including pregnant women.Data sourcesCINAHL Complete, Medline, EMBASE and PubMed were searched in April 2022.Risk of biasStudy quality was independently assessed by two reviewers using an adapted COSMIN risk of bias quality appraisal checklist. Tools were also mapped against the Synergistic Health Engagement model, which centres on women’s buy-in to maternity care.Included studiesNineteen studies were included from Canada, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden, the UK and the USA. Four tools were used with pregnant populations, two tools with vulnerable non-pregnant populations, six tools measured patient–provider relationship, four measured patient activation, and three tools measured both relationship and activation.ResultsTools that measured engagement in maternity care assessed some of the following constructs: communication or information sharing, woman-centred care, health guidance, shared decision-making, sufficient time, availability, provider attributes, discriminatory or respectful care. None of the maternity engagement tools assessed the key construct of buy-in. While non-maternity health engagement tools measured some elements of buy-in (self-care, feeling hopeful about treatment), other elements (disclosing risks to healthcare providers and acting on health advice), which are significant for vulnerable populations, were rarely measured.Conclusions and implicationsHealth engagement is hypothesised as the mechanism by which midwifery-led care reduces the risk of perinatal morbidity for vulnerable women. To test this hypothesis, a new assessment tool is required that addresses all the relevant constructs of the Synergistic Health Engagement model, developed for and psychometrically assessed in the target group.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020214102.
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Brzozowski, Tomasz Tadeusz. "„Underclass” i ”konsumenci wybrakowani”. Zmiana stratyfikacji układu społecznego w gospodarce ponowoczesnej". Przedsiębiorczość - Edukacja 4 (1 gennaio 2008): 222–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20833296.4.21.
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The articles issue is to show the dependence between the contemporary economy and thestructure of social system. Peoples attitude to the job that has been surveyed has changedrecently. The problem is the most noticeable in the USA although the whole community inEurope is increasingly affected by changes in the workplace. The same problem is in Poland. Forthe contemporary society career means not only earning money for paying off the debts butabove all it is a means to the end i.e. consumption.According to Zygmunt Bauman work ethics has changed into aesthetic consumption. Howe-ver, the problem does not concern the wealthy people. A lot of poor people suffer because theyare not able to keep up with the rich ones. Campaigns prepared by mass-media show the cleardivision between those who are able and ready to buy anything they want, even the newesttechnical products, and those who live hand to mouth and buy the goods in chains of disco-unts. Journalists speak on the subject of the poor people disparagingly, comparing to thewealthy employers. The changes in the area of behavior make for the dispensable class. Thesepeople usually have poor education and they are discriminated materially. Z. Bauman calledthem underclass. The most concerned is that the problem of underclass is more and moresevere in Poland and that is why the author has attended to this matter.
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Ellenbogen, Josh. "“WORDS NOT SPENT TODAY BUY SMALLER IMAGES TOMORROW”: READING PHOTOGRAPHS AND THE EMERGENCE OF POSTWAR PHOTOGRAPHIC CRITICISM IN THE USA". photographies 16, n. 3 (9 agosto 2023): 337–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17540763.2023.2233524.
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Djukic, Djordje. "Consequences of divergent monetary policies of the highly industrialised countries on global and local level". Zbornik Matice srpske za drustvene nauke, n. 159-160 (2016): 755–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn1660755d.
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In contrast to the USA, negative interest rates in the Eurozone and other European countries, as a result of unprecedented expansionary monetary policy implemented by the European Central Bank since 2014, will have far-reaching negative consequences. Decisions of citizens to withdraw deposits from banks and keep them in safe deposit boxes, invest in real estate and land, and decisions of companies to hold large amounts of cash or to buy-back shares and close up, under conditions of divergent policies of central banks in highly industrialized countries, indicates the presence of risk of secular stagnation. Faster recovery of the USA economy and normalization of FED monetary policy through the cycle of increasing the key interest rate will contribute to further strengthening of the US dollar against the euro. It will significantly increase the burden of foreign debt servicing for highly indebted countries that have borrowed in US dollars. This is the case with Serbia. Continuation of ECB expansionary monetary policy would have a positive impact on real GDP growth in Serbia in 2017. Close to zero interest rates on the savings of citizens in Eurozone would negatively influence its future economic growth. Negative effects of such a policy will also be manifested in Serbia because the interest rates on savings in banks are also close to zero.
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Atkin, Thomas, Linda Nowak e Rosanna Garcia. "Women wine consumers: information search and retailing implications". International Journal of Wine Business Research 19, n. 4 (13 novembre 2007): 327–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17511060710837454.
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PurposeThe purpose of this research is to examine gender differences in information search procedures and selection criteria relative to purchase situation and social and financial risk aversion.Design/methodology/approachAn online questionnaire was completed by 497 males and 877 females in the USA. A total of 88 percent of the respondents stated that they drank wine at least once per week. Participants were obtained by sending e‐mails to customer lists provided by wine‐related organizations.FindingsFindings suggest that, if a consumer is unsure about making a wine selection, women are more apt than men to seek information from store personnel, a server, sommelier, or winery personnel. Labels and shelf tags are also significantly more important for women. While winery region is very important to both men and women, women rely on medals and awards more than men.Research limitations/implicationsConsumers who are not necessarily comfortable with using the internet would not have had an opportunity to participate in this study.Practical implicationsThe differences by gender in the importance of and the usage of various information sources could help retailers prioritize their communication methods in US stores. Store personnel, servers, sommeliers, and winery personnel should be well‐prepared to answer questions and make recommendations.Originality/valueWomen buy 80 percent of the wine sold in the USA. This study helps retailers understand their preferences and how to assist them more effectively in their purchase decisions.
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Randrianasolo, Arilova, Alexey Semenov, Mark Arnold e Kristy Reynolds. "A model of cultural intelligence and global identity". Journal of Consumer Marketing 37, n. 7 (10 agosto 2020): 821–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcm-05-2019-3244.
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Purpose This paper aims to propose an original model of cultural intelligence (CQ), global identity and consumer willingness to buy foreign products. Previous research has discussed the relationships between CQ and global identity but only in the context of multi-cultural management teams. The research presented here proposes a model that is applicable to consumer marketing. Design/methodology/approach Online surveys are used to collect data from the USA with a snowball sampling technique and from the UK with panel data. A structural equation model (SEM) is estimated in analysis of moment structures 25 and Hayes bootstrap mediation tests are used to test the hypotheses. Findings The SEM results show that global identity influences motivational CQ, motivational CQ influences cognitive, metacognitive and behavioral CQ and cognitive and behavioral CQ influence consumer willingness to buy foreign products. Results from Hayes Bootstrap mediation tests show that motivational CQ mediates the relationships between global identity and the other three CQ dimensions. Practical implications The findings imply that firms can gauge and enhance consumer CQ levels by investigating or influencing levels of global identity; managers can influence or gauge consumer metacognitive, cognitive and behavioral CQ through motivational CQ; and managers can target consumers with high cognitive and behavioral CQ levels when marketing foreign products. Originality/value This paper not only provides a deeper understanding of the relationships between global identity and cultural intelligence but also incorporates CQ in a consumer context. Previous research has only discussed CQ in the context of managers.
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Carstensen, Michelle, e Michael W. DonCarlos. "Preventing the Establishment of a Wildlife Disease Reservoir: A Case Study of Bovine Tuberculosis in Wild Deer in Minnesota, USA". Veterinary Medicine International 2011 (2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/413240.
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Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) has been found in 12 cattle operations and 27 free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in northwestern Minnesota, following the state's most recent outbreak of the disease in 2005 in the northwest part of the state. Both deer and cattle have the same strain of bTB. The Minnesota Board of Animal Health has been leading efforts to eradicate the disease in Minnesota's cattle, which have included the depopulation of all infected herds, a cattle buy-out program, and mandatory fencing of stored feeds. The Minnesota Department of Natural Resources began surveillance efforts in free-ranging white-tailed deer in fall 2005. All bTB-infected deer have been found within a 16 km2area in direct association with infected cattle farms. Aggressive efforts to reduce deer densities through liberalized hunting and sharpshooting have resulted in a 55% decline in deer densities. Also, recreational feeding of wild deer has been banned. Disease prevalence in deer has decreased from 1.2% in 2005 to an undetectable level in 2010.
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E.A., Kuptsova, e Ramazanov S.K. "Analysis of artificial neural networks training models for airfare price prediction". Artificial Intelligence 25, n. 3 (10 ottobre 2020): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/jai2020.03.045.
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Air transport is playing an increasing role in the world economy every year. This is facilitated by technological development and the latest developments in the aviation industry, globalization. This paper provides an overview of artificial neural network training methods for airfare predicting. The articles for 2017-2019 were analyzed in order to determine the model with the most accurate prediction. The researchers conducted research on open data collected by themselves and set themselves the goal of creating a model that would advise a user the best time to buy a ticket when the price would be the lowest. The review of the papers by similar themes revealed that the Bagging Regression Tree model has the highest results with an accuracy of 88% and the random forest method has an accuracy of 87%. Civil aviation plays an important role in the economy of each country. Aviation is the best way to cover long distances in comfort in the shortest time. Airlines offer customers a variety of opportunities to travel both within the country and abroad. The main problem of interaction between airlines and customers is the airfare: the former want to sell more at the higher price, and the latter want to buy cheaper. Therefore, companies use their own private algorithms for dynamic pricing and constantly monitor the market situation, responsive to changes in demand and the actions of competitors. This behavior allows them to achieve a balance between the desires of airlines and customers. Scientists are trying to invent a way to predict airfare so that air travelers can buy them at the lowest price. The results of the work in this area provide general rules for the best purchase. For example, according to the article (Udachny, 2016) thebest day to buy a ticket by expedia.com for a domestic flight on the United States is Sunday, and the best period is 57 days before departure. This article provides an overview of the works, the authors of which compared the models of machine learning. Achievements in this area are limited to direct flights of a certain domestic market (USA, India) and 88% accuracy of the forecast (Tziridis et al., 2017). The Bagging Regression Tree model described in the article (Tziridis et al., 2017) can be considered the best result. This trained model can make predictions based only on two parameters: the number of free cargo and the number of days left before departure and has an accuracy of 88%.
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Pisoni, Alessia, e Alberto Onetti. "When startups exit: comparing strategies in Europe and the USA". Journal of Business Strategy 39, n. 3 (21 maggio 2018): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbs-02-2017-0022.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of trends toward start-up exits. Exits represent the “end phase” of the start-up process, at least for the founders and the early investors. For high-growth venture-capital-backed companies, exits are often considered the ultimate goal of building a profitable venture. These ventures are intended from the beginning to harvest the financial value created by the business at some point in the future, and return capital to early investors. Design/methodology/approach The authors tracked 5,744 merger and acquisition transactions that have occurred between European and US tech start-ups since 2012. Data are drawn from CrunchBase, the most comprehensive database of high-tech companies and investors with information on the companies and investors around the world. The authors then compared the trends of acquisitions between European and US companies. Findings Results show that US companies are far more inclined to make acquisitions than European ones. Acquirers of start-ups, both from Europe and the US, prefer to buy local companies. However, recently, US companies have started to show more interest in European start-ups. Thus, signaling that the European start-up ecosystem is growing and becoming more attractive for US buyers. Furthermore, results show that start-up exits typically happen within a few years after a company’s establishment. Research limitations/implications The research does not take into consideration the price of the transaction, or the amount of capital invested by venture capitalists in the high-tech start-ups that have been acquired. Further research should address this specific problem by helping European start-ups understand how to plan the exit phase within few years from establishment. Practical implications The results have important implications both for entrepreneurs/managers and policymakers. Early exit appears to be a global trend among start-ups. This suggests that the exit phase should be properly planned to happen in the very early stage of the start-up process. On the other hand, the research also shows that there is still a gap to be filled in the European start-up ecosystems’ ability to produce exits and create new large innovative companies (the so-called “unicorns”). Originality/value To date, there has been a little research about exits for young high-tech ventures. This paper will attempt to shed new light on this so far under-explored issue by specifically analyzing exits as financial strategy for investors and entrepreneurs.
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Atoba, Kayode, Galen Newman, Samuel Brody, Wesley Highfield, Youjung Kim e Andrew Juan. "Buy them out before they are built: evaluating the proactive acquisition of vacant land in flood-prone areas". Environmental Conservation 48, n. 2 (12 marzo 2021): 118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892921000059.
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SummaryRising flood damages have prompted local communities to implement buyout and property acquisition programmes to eliminate repetitive losses for at-risk properties. However, buyouts are often costly to implement and are reactionary solutions to flooding. This study quantifies the benefits of acquiring vacant private properties in flood-prone areas rather than acquiring such properties after they are built up. Using a geodesign framework that integrates concepts and analytical approaches derived from geographical, spatial and statistical-based disciplines, we analyse vacant properties with high development potential that intersect current and future floodplain areas in Houston (TX, USA). We use geospatial proximity analysis to select candidate properties, land-use prediction modelling to estimate future development and sea-level rise and benefit–cost analysis to assess the economic viability of buyouts. The results indicate that cumulative avoided flood losses exceed the cost of vacant land acquisition by a factor of nearly two to one, and up to a factor of ten to one in selected areas. This study emphasizes the benefits of proactive property buyouts that focus on acquiring parcels before they are built up, while also avoiding the social and institutional problems associated with traditional buyout programmes.
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Evstaf'ev, Dmitrii G. "Prechaos as a Mid-Term State of Global Poliсy and Economics". Economic Strategies 144 (15 febbraio 2021): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.33917/es-1.175.2021.22-29.
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The contemporary world is characterized with slowdown of key processes of global institutional development at the background of instrumental capabilities for geo-economic competition that could now include the methods of political and economic pressure upon competitors. Such a state of affairs could be called «a pre-chaos» that means the backpedaling major developments in the global geoeconomics (including the investment ones) as well as the political one while waiting for the massive turbulence that could include application of force. The USA are interested in maximum prolongation of the pre-chaos state in order to buy time to consolidate the elite and stabilize the society socially. But the prolonged existence of world economy within the frame of pre-chaos model that among other things results in avoiding the longer-term economic decisions including investment-related ones, only increases the destructive potential of future crisis with the destruction of the vital elements of the system of global economic interdependence.
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Oh, Hyunjoo, Paulo Henrique Muller Prado, Jose Carlos Korelo e Francielle Frizzo. "The effect of brand authenticity on consumer–brand relationships". Journal of Product & Brand Management 28, n. 2 (11 marzo 2019): 231–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpbm-09-2017-1567.
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Purpose This paper aims to explore the impact of brand authenticity on forming self-reinforcing assets (enticing-the-self, enriching-the-self and enabling-the-self), which subsequently influence the brand-self connectedness and consumers’ behavioral intentions. Design/methodology/approach The authors surveyed 347 consumers in the USA and Brazil and used structural equation modeling to test the relationship among brand authenticity, self-reinforcing assets, brand-self connectedness and behavioral intentions. Findings Brand authenticity was found to influence the self-reinforcing assets. In turn, the self-reinforcing assets promoted closeness toward the brand, thereby increasing the behavioral intentions of consumers to buy a product, visit a store/website in the future and recommend the brand to other people. Practical implications Marketing practitioners can use these results to promote better brand positioning by considering brand authenticity as a key factor in how consumers cognitively assess brands. Originality/value This paper shows that brand authenticity is a key antecedent of consumer–brand self-reinforcing assets.
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The Editors. "Notes from the Editors, January 2017". Monthly Review 68, n. 8 (31 dicembre 2016): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.14452/mr-068-08-2017-01_0.
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buy this issueShortly after the election of Donald Trump, the alt-right organization Turning Point USA introduced its notorious Professor Watchlist…, listing some 200 radical academics in the universities as dangerous professors. Stories regarding this list were soon being carried in major papers throughout the country. In contrast to David Horowitz's list of "the 101 most dangerous academics in America" a decade ago, the current Professor Watchlist has behind it the new sense of power on the extreme right provided by Trump's electoral victory.… There can be no doubt that this is part of an attempted new McCarthyism. In terms of its overall orientation, the alt-right strategy here resembles the Gleichschaltung ("bringing into line") in 1933–35 in Hitler's Germany, where intimidation was directed at all the major cultural institutions, including universities, with the object of getting them to align with the new dominant views.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.
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Kulinna, Pamela Hodges, Timothy Brusseau, Donetta Cothran e Catrine Tudor-Locke. "Changing School Physical Activity: An Examination of Individual School Designed Programs". Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 31, n. 2 (aprile 2012): 113–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.31.2.113.
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This study guided by a health ecology conceptual framework evaluated four “bottom-up” Physical Activity (PA) interventions with school personnel planning for their own health ecology with state level support for one year. Students (N = 616) were from four schools in the Southwestern USA in the 3rd-8th grade. Participants had various ethnic backgrounds (e.g., Hispanic 44%, Caucasian 43%) and wore a pedometer for five school days pre/post intervention. Teacher and school level data were also reported by schools. Program components varied across the four intervention sites. Paired samples t test results showed that three of the four intervention schools significantly increased both school day and 24 hr PA. School personnel reported significantly more favorable results at post test for nurse visits, student absences, and classroom teachers’ use of PA breaks. Using a health ecology lens, when schools develop their own PA intervention and have “buy in” from staff, significant increases in PA are attainable.
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Flanigan, Jessica. "Book review: Michael J. Sandel, What Money Can't Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets (Farrar, Strauss and Giroux, New York, USA 2012)". Leadership and the Humanities 3, n. 1 (marzo 2015): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/lath.2015.01.08.
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Martin, Katie S., Erin Havens, Katie E. Boyle, Gregory Matthews, Elizabeth A. Schilling, Ofer Harel e Ann M. Ferris. "If you stock it, will they buy it? Healthy food availability and customer purchasing behaviour within corner stores in Hartford, CT, USA". Public Health Nutrition 15, n. 10 (10 gennaio 2012): 1973–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980011003387.
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AbstractObjectiveLiterature on food environments has expanded rapidly, yet most research focuses on stores and community characteristics without integrating customer-level data. The present study combines customer shopping behaviour with store food inventory data.DesignFace-to-face interviews were conducted with customers shopping in corner stores to measure food shopping behaviour, household food security and demographics. Store inventories were conducted to measure availability of healthy food in corner stores. Multilevel logistic regression models estimated the probability of customers purchasing a food item given the availability of that item in the store.SettingNineteen corner stores in Hartford, CT, USA, average size 669 ft2 (62·15 m2).SubjectsSample of 372 customers.ResultsThe majority of customers were Black or Hispanic (54 % and 40 %, respectively) and 61 % experienced food insecurity. For each additional type of fruits or vegetables available in the store, the estimated odds of a customer purchasing fruits increased by 12 % (P = 0·03) and the odds for purchasing vegetables increased by 15 % (P = 0·01). Customers receiving the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) were 1·7 times as likely to purchase fruit as those not receiving SNAP (P = 0·04). Greater availability of reduced-fat milk was not associated with increased likelihood of customers purchasing reduced-fat milk.ConclusionsThere is a positive association between fruit and vegetable variety and the probability that a customer purchases fruits and vegetables. Increasing the selection of produce in corner stores may increase their consumption by food-insecure and low-income residents at risk for health disparities. These findings have implications for future store interventions and food policies.
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Chandy, Jacob. "Index Returns and Institutional Trading". Shanlax International Journal of Management 9, S1-Feb (25 febbraio 2022): 218–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/management.v9is1.4863.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
It is acknowledged that only 2% of the Indian public invest in stock markets. This compares with 55% in the USA and about 25% in the EU. The Indian public is therefore a miniscule proportion of investors and the power of the Indian public to move markets is negligible.This means that most trading activity in Indian stock markets are by institutional investors consisting of Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs) and Domestic Institutional Investors (DIIs). It seems reasonable to hypothesize that their trading activities influence market returns. This paper aims to verify whether this hypothesis can be sustained by analyzing historical data and calculating statistics such as correlations, regression coefficients and coefficients of determination between FII and DII trading activity and Nifty 500 returns. The key aspects that have been evaluated are buying and selling by these institutional investors. Buy/sell ratios of these institutional investors have also been evaluated since buy/sell ratios are a proxy indicator that indicates the strength of bullishness by these institutional investors.A similar analysis also been done on Mutual Fund trading activity although mutual fund trading activity is normally subsumed under DII trading activity. Since it can be assumed that Mutual Fund trading arises mostly from the ebb and flow of funds from the investing public, they are an important indicator of general public sentiment.Some significant unexpected results have been obtained as the result of the analysis. For example, it has been found that Domestic Institutional Investor buying has negative impact on Nifty 500 return. This is unexpected since it would normally be assumed that an increase in buying by an important constituency such as Domestic Institutional Investor would likely increase Nifty 500 returns on average.
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Reynaga Franco, Felipe, José Manuel Grijalva Chon, Jorge Eduardo Chávez Villalba, Reina Castro Longoria, José Alfredo Arreola Lizárraga e Ramón Héctor Barraza Guardado. "Are 45 years of reproductive isolation enough to prevent the amplification of mitochondrial genes in the Pacific oyster?" AquaTechnica: Revista Iberoamericana de Acuicultura. 1, n. 1 (31 dicembre 2019): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33936/at.v1i1.2147.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The Pacific oyster culture in Mexico began 45 years ago, first with spat imported from the USA and now with spat produced in several local hatcheries. Oyster farmers do not know the parameters that define the quality of the spat they buy, among them the level of genetic variability available in the lots offered. In order to evaluate and compare the genetic variability in spat produced by four Mexican hatcheries, an attempt was made to amplify and sequence the non-coding region and the ND5 gene of the oyster mitochondrial DNA with oligos reported in the scientific literature. The amplification of the non-coding region was not possible due to the bad design of the oligos. Despite the integrity of the extracted oyster DNA, the ND5 gene was not able to be amplified possibly due to the modification of the oligo recognition site in the gene. The generational separation of the oyster cultivated in Mexico from its original source population makes it necessary to obtain new mitochondrial sequences in order to design new oligos suitable for the populations established in Mexico.
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Eastman, Jacqueline K., e Kevin L. Eastman. "Perceptions Of Status Consumption And The Economy". Journal of Business & Economics Research (JBER) 9, n. 7 (23 giugno 2011): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jber.v9i7.4677.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper looks at the relationship between status consumption, economic perceptions, price consciousness, brand consciousness, and value consciousness. Based on a convenience online sample of adults in the Southeast USA, most consumers are not motivated by status. There was a significant negative relationship between the level of status consumption and levels of price consciousness and value consciousness. Additionally, there was a significant negative relationship between level of status consumption and the view that it is frivolous to buy status products in an economic downturn. There was a significant positive relationship between status consumption and brand consciousness, indicating that those more motivated to consume for status are both more brand-name conscious and more likely to see a higher price as indicative of higher quality. For managers of luxury brands in this economy, the results suggest that although the status market may be smaller, status consumers are brand conscious and not price conscious. Consumers, however, may also feel that inexpensive products and discount stores can meet their status needs.
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Hennart, Jean-François. "Springing from where? How emerging market firms become multinational enterprises". International Journal of Emerging Markets 13, n. 3 (16 luglio 2018): 568–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoem-09-2017-0324.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to show that existing theories, principally Dunning’s OLI model, Mathews LLL model and Rugman’s version of internalization theory are unable to explain the rise of emerging market multinationals (EMNEs). The reason is that they over-emphasize the strategic importance of intangibles and ignore that of complementary local assets. Taking complementary local assets into account makes it possible to understand why EMNEs are able to finance their intangible-buying sprees and, often with the help of their governments, to swap market access for technology. Design/methodology/approach This is a conceptual paper based on the bundling model (JIBS 2009) and backed by the case histories of four EMNEs. Findings The author shows that EMNEs have much better prospects vis-à-vis established MNEs than generally thought in Western Europe and the USA and that they will become serious competitors. Originality/value This is, as far as the author knows, the first explanation of why EMNEs have the bargaining power and the resources necessary to swap or buy technology from established MNEs.
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Chen, Ye. "Research on the Investment Portfolio Optimization Based on Efficient Frontier Model: A Portfolio of AMD, NVIDIA, TXN, LRCX, AVGO, QCOM, INTC and MRVL". Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 56, n. 1 (1 dicembre 2023): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/56/20231057.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Optimal investment portfolio is beneficial for investors to make decisions and construct investment strategy. This paper uses effective frontier methods to build an investment portfolio. This study selects 8 different companies from the USA, which are AMD, MRVL, LRCX, QCOM, INTC, AVGO, and TXN, and collects the data to optimize investment portfolio. The study finds that the optimal portfolio point is (0.1407, 0.0506), the risk is 0.1407, and the return is 0.0506. In this case, for AMD, MRVL, NVIDA, LRCX, INTC, QCOM, AVGO, and TXN, the weights for each company are 0.0502, -0.3867, 0.5289, 0.4367, -0.9987, -0.2805, 1, and 0.6501, respectively. The study allows for short selling and buy mechanisms, since a negative number is actually equivalent to a short sale. As a result, the study has an optimal portfolio that enables investors to make optimal investment decisions for the company the study choose. Through this research, it can help people to increase their life quality, because investment can help with more finance in the daily life, which can let people consume a better goods.
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Cheng, Yunzhong, Honghao Yang, Li Guan, Yong Hai e Aixing Pan. "Bibliometric and Visualized Analyses of Research Studies on Different Analgesics in the Treatment of Orthopedic Postoperative Pain". Pain Research and Management 2022 (24 febbraio 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6835219.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background. Pain following orthopedic surgery has always been a critical issue, which caused great distress to the patients. Analgesics in the treatment of postoperative pain following orthopedic surgery have aroused great attention from scholars, and numerous studies have been published in recent years. Bibliometrics could assist scholars in understanding the scope of research topics better, identifying research focuses and key literature, and analyzing the development and trend of analgesics in the treatment of postoperative pain following orthopedic surgery. Methods. Literature data were retrieved from the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E) of Web of Science (WOS) Core collection database. The articles from 1992 to December 2021 on analgesics in the treatment of postoperative pain following orthopedic surgery were recruited. The citation reports including the publication numbers, h-index, total citations, and average citations in terms of authors, organizations, and countries were obtained. Top 20 research directions, funds, and journals with the most publications were charted. The co-authorship relations in the analysis units of authors, organizations, and countries were analyzed by the online bibliometric tool and VOSviewer software. The author’s keywords co-occurrence overlay map was visualized by the VOSviewer software. Results. A total of 406 articles were retrieved from 1992 to December 4th, 2021, with 11,655 times cited, average citations of 28.57 per item, and an h-index of 55. The most high-yield publication year, authors, organizations, countries, research directions, funds, and journals were 2020 (n = 887), Ilfeld BM from University of California San Diego (n = 7), University of California System (n = 21), the USA (n = 178), Anesthesiology (n = 161), National Institutes of Health (NIH), USA, and United States Department of Health Human Services (n = 12), and Anesthesia and Analgesia (n = 29), respectively. Similarly, co-authoring analysis of publications regarding on different analgesics showed that the authors and countries with the most co-authorship strength were Carr Daniel B (total link strength = 6) and the USA (total link strength = 30), respectively. The highest occurrence keywords were “postoperative pain” with 135 occurrences (total link strength = 784). The future research hotspots might be “acute pain,” “outcomes,” “oxycodone,” “total hip,” “replacement,” and “United States.” Conclusion. Analgesics in the treatment of postoperative pain following orthopedic surgery can be observed in this study by employing the online bibliometric tool and VOSviewer software, which established the relationship between the units of analysis. It can provide a meaningful resource with detailed information for orthopedic surgeons who would like to understand the trend in this field better. They can also benefit from the emphasis on citation count to carry out high-level research in the future.
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Ilter, Cenap. "Cheque kiting? I have an idea!!" Journal of Financial Crime 25, n. 2 (8 maggio 2018): 589–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-05-2017-0036.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose The paper aims to explore the present cheque clearance system in the USA and its possible misuses in the practical sense. Cheque kiting has been a way of creating fictitious cash balances on the balance sheet, which is a fraud. This practice can be prevented by a different accounting treatment. Design/methodology/approach The paper compares the cheque clearance system in the USA with the author’s own experiences from Turkey. It purports the riskiness of the present cheque clearance system on the financial statements and suggests a practical accounting application to prevent possible financial statement misrepresentations. Findings The paper explores that if the present accounting treatment is changed both for the banks and the businesses, the possibility of cheque kiting and misrepresentation of cash balances on the balance sheet will end. Basically, cash is the amount that can be used by the customer, the rest is not cash, it is “cheques in collection” and it should be treated as an account receivable until it is collected. Practical implications Financial statements are vital for the business world. Based on these statements, banks lend money, governments collect taxes and people buy and sell stocks. They need to be presented fairly. The present accounting application on cheque clearance is not transparent enough in the USA, and this might lead to misrepresentation of financial statements. The paper suggests a practical solution to this problem. By changing the accounting treatment, the companies will only show cash in their cash accounts and not the cheques in the collection process. Social implications Fair treatment is the motto for any situation we face in our daily lives. One may be a poor or rich person but the treatment should be fair unless he/she is a fraudster. A rich person’s cheque is deposited in his/her bank account the next business day, and a poor person’s cheque might take days to be credited. This is not a fair treatment. The paper suggests that there must be a one-way accounting treatment, regardless of the depositor’s financial situation. Originality/value This paper has been prepared based on the author’s past business experience in Turkey and his study of the US cheque clearance system, comparing the two. It reflects the real-world examples of cheque kiting and its negative consequences in the USA and proposes a solution.