Articoli di riviste: "Buildings Environmental engineering"

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Zhou, Ruina. "Research on the Application of Thermal Insulation Materials in Construction Engineering". Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 106 (16 luglio 2024): 300–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/sfzt7648.

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As one of the most important supporting industries of urbanization, the construction industry has also caused environmental pollution and other problems in the process of rapid expansion. Therefore, promoting the development of green buildings and intelligent buildings and improving the quality of buildings is an inevitable trend in the current construction industry, which reflects the necessity of insulation materials in environmental protection and energy saving building materials. This paper classifies the application of thermal insulation materials in building engineering, and lists some common and new environmental protection and energy saving materials. On the basis of understanding the characteristics of environmental protection materials, their application value are also understood deeply. The research results show that insulation materials are developing in the direction of high performance, environmental protection, sustainable and intelligent, showing more diversified and efficient characteristics. The future of insulation is expected to showcase more innovative solutions to meet changing market demands and environmental demands.

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Selecká, Iveta, Silvia Vilčeková e Andrea Moňoková. "Verification of building environmental assessment system for houses". Selected Scientific Papers - Journal of Civil Engineering 14, n. 1 (1 dicembre 2019): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sspjce-2019-0006.

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Abstract Sustainable construction and its architecture of buildings seeks to minimize the negative environmental impact of buildings by efficiency in the use of materials, energy, and development space and the ecosystem at large. Sustainable buildings use a conscious approach to energy and ecological conservation in the design of the built environment in cities. This article is devoted to the environmental assessment of three family houses which represent three different material and design solutions. The houses were evaluated through the Slovak building environmental assessment system (BEAS), which has been developed for Slovak conditions at the Faculty of Civil Engineering, TUKE. This study shows that the influence of green design, compared to traditional construction, is important and more beneficial for the practice of designing sustainable buildings. It creates the most comprehensive relationship between the building and its environment and significantly affects building sustainability.

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Millán-Martínez, Marlón, Germán Osma-Pinto e Julián Jaramillo-Ibarra. "Estimating a Building’s Energy Performance using a Composite Indicator: A Case Study". TecnoLógicas 25, n. 54 (3 agosto 2022): e2352. http://dx.doi.org/10.22430/22565337.2352.

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Several studies have analyzed the integration of energy-saving strategies in buildings to mitigate their environmental impact. These studies focused mainly on a disaggregated analysis of such strategies and their effects on the building's energy consumption and thermal behavior, using energy engine simulation software (EnergyPlus, TRNSYS, and DOE2) or graphical interface software (DesignBuilder, eQuest, and ESP-r). However, buildings are complex systems whose energy behavior depends on the interaction of passive (e.g., location and construction materials) and dynamic (e.g., occupation) components. Therefore, this study proposes a composite indicator Building’s Energy Performance (BEP) as an alternative to deal with this complex and multidimensional phenomenon in a simplified way. This indicator considers energy efficiency and thermal comfort. The Electrical Engineering Building (EEB) of the Universidad Industrial de Santander was selected to verify the performance of the BEP indicator. In addition, a sensitivity analysis was performed for different mathematical aggregation methods and weighting values to test their suitability to reproduce the building behavior. Different simulation scenarios modeled with DesignBuilder software were proposed, in which the energy-saving strategies integrated with the building was individually analyzed. The results confirmed that the integration of the building's energy-saving strategies improved the BEP indicator by approximately 16%. It has also been possible to verify that the BEP indicator adequately reproduces the building’s energy behavior while guaranteeing comfort conditions. Finally, the Building Energy Performance indicator is expected to contribute to the integration of sustainability criteria in the design and remodeling stages of buildings.

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Elkabany, Sara N., e Marwa M. Elrashidey. "Towards Achieving Sustainable Environmental Efficiency: Rationalizing Energy used in Educational Buildings of University Campus". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1283, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2024): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1283/1/012009.

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Abstract The research deals with a practical and analytical study comparing the use of the computer program for digital simulation, Design Builder, to calculate the amount of energy consumption in buildings, as the aim of the research is to conclude the most influential architectural elements in reducing energy consumption in the typical building of Al-Azhar College of Engineering for Girls (CEG). This is done by calculating the amount of energy consumption of the college building with its existing specifications while making architectural modifications to the building to conclude which elements have an impact on reducing energy consumption under the influence of the climatic conditions of the city of Cairo. These architectural elements include treating the glass surfaces and curtain walls in the building and increasing the operating temperature of the air conditioners to cool the building, as it is clear from the simulation results that the greatest reduction in the building’s cooling load is by 40%. The research concludes with recommendations that contribute to energy rationalization in educational buildings on campus, thus achieving efficiency in the internal and external environment.

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Parn, Erika A., David Edwards, Zainab Riaz, Fahad Mehmood e Joseph Lai. "Engineering-out hazards: digitising the management working safety in confined spaces". Facilities 37, n. 3/4 (28 febbraio 2019): 196–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-03-2018-0039.

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PurposeThis paper aims to report upon the further development of a hybrid application programming interface (API) plug-in to building information modelling (BIM) entitled confined spaces safety monitoring system “CoSMoS”. Originally designed to engineer-out environmental hazards associated with working in a building’s confined spaces (during the construction phase of a building’s life-cycle), this second generation version is expanded upon to use archival records to proactively learn from data generated within a sensor network during the building’s operations and maintenance (O&M) phase of asset management (AM).Design/methodology/approachAn applied research methodological approach adopted used a two-phase process. In phase one, a conceptual model was created to provide a “blueprint map” to integrate BIM, sensor-based networks and data analytics (DA) into one integral system. A literature review provided the basis for the conceptual model’s further development. In phase two, the conceptual model was transposed into the prototype’s development environment as a proof of concept using primary data accrued from a large educational building.FindingsAn amalgamation of BIM, historical sensor data accrued and the application of DA demonstrate that CoSMoS provides an opportunity for the facilities management (FM) team to monitor pertinent environmental conditions and human behaviour within buildings that may impact upon occupant/worker safety. Although working in confined spaces is used to demonstrate the inherent potential of CoSMoS, the system could readily be expanded to analyse sensor-based network’s historical data of other areas of building performance, maintenance and safety.Originality/valueThis novel prototype has automated safety applications for FM during the asset lifecycle and maintenance phase of a building’s O&M phase of AM. Future work is proposed in several key areas, namely, develop instantaneous indicators of current safety performance within a building; and develop lead indicators of future safety performance of buildings.

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Bersson, Thomas F., Thomas Mazzuchi e Shahram Sarkani. "A FRAMEWORK FOR APPLICATION OF SYSTEM ENGINEERING PROCESS MODELS TO SUSTAINABLE DESIGN OF HIGH PERFORMANCE BUILDINGS". Journal of Green Building 7, n. 3 (luglio 2012): 171–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.7.3.171.

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Building owners, designers and constructors are seeing a rapid increase in the number of sustainably designed high performance buildings. These buildings provide numerous benefits to the owners and occupants to include improved indoor air quality, energy efficiency, and environmental site standards; and ultimately enhance productivity for the building occupants. As the demand increases for higher building energy efficiency and environmental standards, application of a set of process models will support consistency and optimization during the design process. Systems engineering process models have proven effective in taking an integrated and comprehensive view of a system while allowing for clear stakeholder engagement, requirements definition, life cycle analysis, technology insertion, validation and verification. This paper overlays systems engineering on the sustainable design process by providing a framework for application of the Waterfall, Vee, and Spiral process models to high performance buildings. Each process model is mapped to the sustainable design process and is evaluated for its applicability to projects and building types. Adaptations of the models are provided as Green Building Process Models.

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OSAWA, Haruki, Yasuhiro MIKI, Kazuaki BOGAKI e Hironori SUMIDA. "FIELD MEASUREMENT OF FORMALDEHYDE IN GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS(Environmental Engineering)". AIJ Journal of Technology and Design 9, n. 17 (2003): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijt.9.255.

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Singh, Neha. "Case Study Retrofitting an Existing Building for Griha Green Building Certification". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, n. 7 (31 luglio 2022): 182–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.45062.

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Abstract: The infrastructure business in India is rapidly increasing. Infrastructure is the most major hindrance to the growth of Indian businesses in India. Existing buildings account for 45 percent of worldwide energy use in the current condition. These constructions' greenhouse gas emissions are mostly to blame for global warming, acid rain, and other environmental difficulties. We can reduce our dependency on limited natural resources like power, water, and materials which use in building while simultaneously enhancing our contribution to environmental quality by incorporating green building themes into the design, construction, and maintenance of buildings, and restoration of our houses. It is a common misconception that only new buildings can be certified as green building, however this is not true. Existing buildings may be made certified green by taking certain step. With each existing building's effort in adopting the existing green building strategies, an enormous effect in combating global warming will be anticipated in return. GRIHA provides green building certification at various levels. There are several ways for meeting these objectives with the cooperation of humans and the use of modern technology and procedures. In retrofitting existing building for GRIHA certification, aspects like site availability, energy efficiency, water efficiency, renewable energy, natural lighting are taken into account. The present paper presents the retrofitting required to transform an existing building to a certified green building with ease and cost effectiveness.

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Baniyounes, Ali M., Yazeed Yasin Ghadi, Maryam Mahmoud Akho Zahia, Eyad Adwan e Kalid Oliemat. "Energy, economic and environmental analysis of fuzzy logic controllers used in smart buildings". International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 12, n. 2 (1 giugno 2021): 1283. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v12.i2.pp1283-1292.

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This article is divided into three parts: the first presents a simulation study of the effect of occupancy level on energy usage pattern of Engineering building of Applied Science Private university, Amman, Jordan. The simulation was created on simulation mechanism by means of EnergyPlus software and improved by using the building’s data such as building’s as built plan, occupant’s density level based on data about who utilize the building throughout operational hours, energy usage level, Heating Ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) system, lighting and its control systems and etc. Data regarding occupancy density level estimation is used to provide the proposed controller with random number of users grounded on report were arranged by the university’s facilities operational team. The other division of this paper shows the estimated saved energy by the means of suggested advanced add-on, FUZZY-PID controlling system. The energy savings were divided into summer savings and winter savings. The third division presents economic and environmental analysis of the proposed advanced fuzzy logic controllers of smart buildings in Subtropical Jordan. The economic parameters that were used to evaluate the system economy performance are life-cycle analysis, present worth factor and system payback period. The system economic analysis was done using MATLAB software

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Ondová, Marcela, Adriana Eštoková e Martina Fabianová. "Reducing the carbon footprint in the foundations structures of masonry family houses". Selected Scientific Papers - Journal of Civil Engineering 15, n. 2 (1 dicembre 2020): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sspjce-2020-0018.

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Abstract Nowadays, the environmental assessment becomes more and more of interest as an additional tool for the decision-makers. The researchers in civil engineering focus on building materials, structures as well as whole buildings environmental evaluation. Analysis of the environmental impact of particular structures may be helpful for selecting building materials, with regard to the environmental performance of buildings in the early project phase. The aim of this paper is presentation of an environmental evaluation of the rarely assessed particular structures – building foundations and the analysis of the share of the building foundations to the overall environmental impact of building as well. The obtained data point to the need to include the environmental impacts of foundations when assessing the buildings, because of it is a necessary part of any type of family house. One kilogram of built-in foundations materials was responsible for emissions of 0.092 kg of greenhouse gases expressed by carbon dioxide (CO2). Embodied energy was calculated as equal to 1.14 MJ per 1kg of foundations materials and 832.2 MJ/m2 per building floor area. The foundation materials of houses contributed to the total environmental impact of the whole buildings by, on average, 15.0 and 22.8 % for embodied energy and global warming potential, respectively.

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Weerasinghe, U. G. D. "SUSTAINABLE BUILDINGS: EVOLUTION BEYOND BUILDING ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT METHODS". Journal of Green Building 17, n. 4 (1 settembre 2022): 199–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.17.4.199.

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ABSTRACT The publication of the Brundtland Commission Report, popularly known as Our Common Future, was the precursor for what was to follow in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development or the Earth Summit. Both these events played a fundamental role in the global initiatives towards sustainability. The adoption of Agenda 21, a blueprint for sustainable development for the 21st century was a crucial agreement of the Rio Summit, which marked the beginning of an era where the term Sustainable Development came to be associated with all human interventions on planet earth. In this context, the building industry, which makes a significant impact on the social, environmental and economic well-being of the society, has a prime responsibility in meeting with sustainability requirements in all facets of the design, construction and operation of buildings. Currently efforts are being made by the building industry and the allied professions to adhere to sustainability norms by enhancing the current green building practices. The emergence of building environmental assessment (BEA) methods is such an attempt in addressing these issues, but is considered as insufficient to contend with the wider spectrum of sustainability. A technique to address complex attributes of sustainable performance of building projects has not been attempted before, owing to the dynamic nature of the concept of sustainability. This paper attempts to develop a framework to enhance current BEA methods, as the next stage of development towards meeting global sustainability initiatives. The main objective is to evolve a set of indicators that will assist in determining sustainability of a building. Three widely used BEA methods and Agenda 21, are analyzed, along with a focus group, to derive sustainability indicators. A total of 62 indicators under 10 categories are identified, some of which are common to BEA methods, while several new indicators are introduced to address sustainability issues not previously accounted for in BEA methods. The final outcome is a framework that can be used to determine the extent of sustainability of building projects. With the aid of the proposed framework of indicators, it is possible to develop a complete sustainability index by allocating values to each indicator, through a survey of professionals in the building industry. Such an index could be used as a tool in developing sustainable buildings, thus meeting with aspirations of building design teams and clientele who seek high quality sustainable solutions for their endeavours. This effort would also pave way for further research into the domain of building sustainability.

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Baskaran, A., e T. Stathopoulos. "Prediction of wind effects on buildings using computational methods — review of the state of the art". Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 21, n. 5 (1 ottobre 1994): 805–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-087.

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Advancements in computer software and hardware technology provide a new direction for analyzing engineering problems. Recently the field of wind engineering has gained significant momentum in the computer modelling process. This paper reviews the state of the art in computational wind engineering, including the finite element method, finite difference method, and control volume technique. A portion of this paper summarizes the research in this area carried out by the authors. Computations have been made for a variety of building configurations, including normal wind flow conditions for a building with different aspect ratios, and modelling wind environmental conditions around groups of buildings. The computer modelling technique may eventually enhance the design of buildings and structures against wind loading and supplement the current design practice of using building codes and standards or performing experiments in wind tunnels. Key words: buildings, computer modelling, pressure, velocity, wind engineering, wind tunnels.

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Omoragbon, Osamudiamen Meek, Sura Al-Maiyah e Paul Coates. "A Survey of Environmental Performance Enhancement Strategies and Building Data Capturing Techniques in the Nigerian Context". Buildings 13, n. 2 (7 febbraio 2023): 452. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13020452.

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The need to improve the performance of Nigeria’s office buildings is due to, energy challenges, increasing population, changing user needs, and climate change. With the expansion of several Nigerian cities, existing buildings constitute a significant portion of the building stock, and improving their environmental performance could be more cost-effective than reconstruction. The use of simulation packages to assess alternative retrofitting enhancement scenarios is a straightforward approach. However, in Nigeria it is often challenging to get appropriate information to facilitate this type of evaluation; many buildings were not built to their original specifications, and when available, the records are often in a poor state due to deterioration. Studies that aimed at enhancing a building’s performance hardly stated the acquisition of the required building information. This paper investigates current practices and future possibilities of improvement measures and data capturing of existing buildings using a questionnaire survey of 133 building professionals in Benin City. The inter-relationship between energy efficiency, the environment, and building design with a high potential for meaningful retrofit to mitigate energy inefficiencies is known but not fully utilized. The collected thought on current practices signifies the need for developing a more economical and reliable methodology for data capturing and evaluation.

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Kadaei, Samireh, Seyedeh Mahsa Shayesteh Sadeghian, Marziyeh Majidi, Qumars Asaee e Hassan Hosseini Mehr. "Hotel Construction Management considering Sustainability Architecture and Environmental Issues". Shock and Vibration 2021 (11 settembre 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6363571.

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Sustainable development and environment in the activities of the construction industry has attracted the attention of experts in most countries of the world. One of the obvious and problematic features of the construction industry of countries is the use of modern building materials using traditional construction methods. Changing the paradigm for sustainable buildings requires a change in the architectural design process. Today, smart buildings are buildings that are at a lower level in terms of energy consumption and operate in a dynamic and integrated environment, creating a perfect harmony between management, system, services, and structure. These qualities make plastics ideal products for construction and an essential component for a sustainable built environment. In the design of smart and sustainable buildings, the use of environmentally friendly materials increases the lifespan of the building and an effective step is taken towards the design of sustainable architecture. In this paper, we evaluate hotel construction based on sustainability issues with MCDM. The results show that alternative A4 is the best alternative in sustainable issues. With the increasing population and its concentration in large cities, the concern of energy supply and energy efficiency in buildings is one of the main concerns of urban planners, officials, and city residents. Construction projects mainly consume large amounts of materials and leave a huge amount of waste, and this problem sometimes includes existing buildings that cannot be demolished and need to be rebuilt and maintained.

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Kuru, Aysu, Philip Oldfield, Stephen Bonser e Francesco Fiorito. "Biomimetic adaptive building skins: Energy and environmental regulation in buildings". Energy and Buildings 205 (dicembre 2019): 109544. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.109544.

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Yuan, Feng, Li Han e Yong Heng Hu. "The BIM 'Families' Based Environmental Performance Design Research". Advanced Materials Research 779-780 (settembre 2013): 1643–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.779-780.1643.

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As far as the core of internal data structure is concerned, the elements of Building Information Modeling (BIM) platform relate to each other as components of families, independent of their materiality, parametric dependencies, geometrical structure, or their physical connection to other elements. Considering a building as an organism, this research aims at developing an evaluation methodology for buildings, based on their environmental performance. The methodology to be established is multi-objective, uses different weights and values assigned to the parameters of the families members, and checks and balances the system characteristics in order to come up with a dynamic criteria meant for guiding in the overall design and building process. This paper establishes a solid set of methodological tools that can be used for assessing a buildings environmental performance, and develops independent researches for architectural designs, alongside incorporating the ecological thoughts and building.

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Husain, Dilawar, Ravi Prakash e Akbar Ahmad. "Life Cycle Ecological Footprint Reduction for a Tropical Building". Advances in Civil Engineering 2022 (12 agosto 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4181715.

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Rapid urbanization significantly impacts natural resource demands and waste management in the construction sector. In this study, a novel methodology has been developed that could assess the overall environmental impact of a building during its lifespan by considering resources such as building materials, energy use, emissions, water, manpower, and wastes. The proposed method can estimate the life cycle ecological footprint (EFT) of a building. The result indicates that 957.07 global hectares (gha) of bioproductive land are required during the lifespan of the case building. The CO2 absorption land is the most significant bioproductive land in the EFT of the building. The low environmental impact of building materials may reduce the ecological footprint (EF) of buildings, and using renewable energy can also reduce the operational EF of a building. The proposed building materials and solar PV systems have the potential to reduce the building’s life cycle environmental impact by up to two-thirds. The EF assessment of all existing and proposed buildings may be examined in order to execute strategies for a sustainable construction sector.

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Zhdanova, I., e A. Kuznetsova. "FEATURES OF DESIGNING RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS WITH NEARLY ZERO ENERGY CONSUMPTION". Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 8, n. 2 (29 novembre 2022): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2022-8-2-85-93.

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In this study, the authors draw attention to the world issue of implementing measures to reduce the energy consumption of residential buildings. The statements of the international commission on the importance to reduce the need for a share of non-renewable carbonaceous energy sources are given. Examples of experimental design experience show the active development of this subject in many countries. This helps to identify the main techniques used for the construction of energy-efficient residential buildings - a compact planning solution, highly efficient building insulation, “intelligent” engineering systems, heat recovery, the use of alternative energy sources and more. The study defines buildings with nearly zero energy consumption - these are passive buildings with alternative energy generation systems to meet their own needs. The main provisions of the design of buildings of near-zero energy consumption are revealed: nearly zero, intellectual, mobility, multitasking, environmental friendliness, adaptability, symbolism, artistry. The study identifies the types of formation of a nearly zero energy-efficient building and options for ensuring energy efficiency - this is the building "line", the building "cube", the building "perimeter", the building "tower", the building "structure". The identified techniques and the developed basic provisions with the types of shaping are tested on a pilot project of a multifunctional residential complex of nearly zero energy consumption in the city of Samara. As a result, authors conclude that technical progress will allow buildings with nearly zero energy consumption to come to the practice of design, due to intelligent and efficient engineering solutions.

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Wu, Xiaochen, Jianyong Han, Hongliang Cui, Tianliang Li, Xiaoyu Bai, Yanlong He e Na Liu. "A Comparative Review of Recent Research Progress in Prefabricated Buildings in China and Other Countries". Buildings 14, n. 4 (10 aprile 2024): 1062. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14041062.

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Prefabricated building construction has emerged as a transformative technology in construction engineering and the building industries. However, owing to its research characteristics, the relevant literature on prefabricated buildings is diverse and fragmented. This study offers a comparative review of relevant 21st century literature on prefabricated buildings using VOSviewer1.6.18 software. The research progress and future opportunities about prefabricated buildings were comprehensively analyzed, which provides recommendations for its subsequent development. Through keyword searches on the Web of Science, 3214 documents were identified, and an overall analysis of co-citations and co-authorship was conducted. Additionally, a comparative co-occurrence analysis highlighted the differences between China and other countries. Further elaboration of research hotspots is provided, and three future research directions are proposed: (1) energy conservation and reducing the environmental impact of prefabricated buildings, (2) improving the performance of prefabricated building components, and (3) deepening the understanding of the behavior of prefabricated structures under seismic and dynamic conditions. This study provides practitioners and scholars in the field of construction engineering with a comprehensive overview of the literature on prefabricated buildings and paves the way for future advancements in the industry. The findings of this study can be used to promote prefabricated buildings in the architecture, engineering, and construction industries.

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Mosey, Grant, e Brian Deal. "Optimizing Multi-Family Building Massing for Affordability and Envelope Performance: An Investigation of the Trade-Offs Implicit in Low Rise Residential Buildings". Buildings 11, n. 3 (6 marzo 2021): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11030099.

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The United States faces twin crises of housing affordability and environmental degradation. Under these clouds, the nation is experiencing an explosive growth in new construction multi-family housing. This paper seeks to evaluate how designers might optimize the organization of such projects to minimize cost and maximize environmental performance. A method is developed for evaluating the construction costs and environmental performance of multifamily developments across four variables: building height, number of buildings, building width, and building floor area. Our analysis suggests that buildings with deeper floor plates are preferable for both economic and environmental reasons. We also suggest that taller buildings have more performative envelopes while shorter buildings are more economical to construct. Finally, we offer a method of finding a compromise between economic and environmental objectives for projects of a given square footage. Most commonly, this “compromise” takes the form of a moderate number of mid-rise buildings with deep floor plates. This investigation adds nuance to the existing literature on the effects of building shape on building cost and envelope performance. It also provides designers with a method of potentially constructing multifamily buildings in a less expensive and more environmentally conscious way.

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Abrahamsen, Fredrik Ege, Sturla Grina Ruud e Alemayehu Gebremedhin. "Assessing Efficiency and Environmental Performance of a Nearly Zero-Energy University Building’s Energy System in Norway". Buildings 13, n. 1 (9 gennaio 2023): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010169.

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Increasing awareness of climate issues in recent decades has led to new policies on buildings’ energy consumption and energy performance. The European Union (EU) directive 2010/31/EC, i.e., the energy performance of buildings directive (EPBD), is one of the measures initiated to achieve climate and energy goals by reducing energy use and greenhouse gas emissions in the building sector. The EPBD required all new buildings to be nearly zero-energy buildings (nZEBs) by 2021. Nearly zero-energy buildings (nZEBs) are buildings with a very-high-energy performance and nearly zero or low-energy requirements covered to a very significant extent by energy from renewable sources produced on-site or nearby. The utilisation of solar photovoltaic (PV) panels is a common approach for achieving the nZEB standard. The carbon footprint of PV panels is often not discussed as a parameter. This paper aimed to analyse the environmental performance of an existing nearly zero-energy university building in a Norwegian use case scenario. This analysis is performed by assessing annual electricity and heat consumption from both energetic and environmental perspectives. The energy required for the building during the studied period is then used to analyse the environmental and energy performance of the building. When it comes to the environmental assessment, the commercial software SimaPro was used. The proposed revision EPBD and nZEB definition from 2021 suggests that nZEBs should also consider operational greenhouse gas emissions and life-cycle global warming potential from 2027. The life cycle assessment (LCA) of the building’s energy sources looks at the global warming potential (GWP) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and how they compare to Norwegian grid electricity. The results of the analysis highlights potential challenges to justifying the use of alternative energy sources to fulfil the criteria of nZEBs. When installing solar PV, it is important to consider the energy mix of the country where the solar PVs are produced. To solely consider the energy performance of the building, the installation of solar PV panels in countries with a high share of renewable energy may result in a reduced impact in terms of emission reduction from a life cycle perspective.

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Shao, Dan, Yukari Nagai e Ricardo Sosa. "Design for Sustainability and Innovation: A Kansei Engineering Evaluation of the Adaptive Reuse of Old Buildings". Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design 1, n. 1 (luglio 2019): 3221–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dsi.2019.329.

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AbstractThe aim of our study was to use Kansei Engineering Evaluation to examine the renewal of old buildings with sustainability and innovation by comparing to new buildings. First, we conducted a questionnaire survey, with 84 participants, on 18 buildings from Asian and European countries; the survey used 16 adjectives. Second, we studied the characteristics of new and renewed old buildings in terms of the elements crucial to sustainable and innovative design. The results suggest that the adaptive reuse of old buildings in more sustainable than constructing new buildings. Further, the adjectives preferred by the survey show that the adaptive reuse of old buildings has higher influence with character of “creative” from the innovation viewpoint. This paper presents a project to address sustainability and innovation of adaptive reused of old building at a later stage. This study contributes to the renewal of existing infrastructure to improve its longevity and chance of future reuse, and to ensure environmental sustainability for future society.

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Syarifudin, Syarifudin, Ashar Saputra e Suprapto Siswosukarto. "An Analysis of Energy Consumption in the Campus Building’s Operation (Case Study: The Building of Faculty of Engineering and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada)". Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum 4, n. 1 (14 gennaio 2018): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jcef.27642.

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Energy Consumption Intensity (IKE) is an indicator that is used to determine the amount of energy used per area by an air-conditioned building within a month or a year as a reference to determine how much energy conservation can be done in the building. To determine the energy consumption of buildings and to determine the savings opportunities, there should be an effort to review the energy consumption through energy audits. In this research, energy consumption analysis was conducted at the Main Office building of the Faculty of Engineering (KPFT) and Department of Civil Engineering and Environmental (CEED) of UniversitasGadjah Mada Yogyakarta. The analysis was conducted on the main variables of energy efficiency, namely: measurement of temperature and relative humidity, calculation of Overall Thermal Transfer Value (OTTV) and Roof Thermal Transfer Value (RTTV), calculation of Energy Consumption Intensity (IKE) in air-conditioned and non-air-conditioned rooms as well as an analysis of opportunities to increase the efficiency of energy consumption in the buildings.The results showed that the temperature and the relative humidity of the KPFT building = 28.4℃ and 62%, while CEED Building = 28.4℃ dan 65%. Calculation of average OTTV of the KPFT building = 17.61 W/m2 and CEED building = 43.05 W/m2. Average IKE of the KPFT building in 2015 was 3.25 kWh/m2/month and in 2016 was 3.45 kWh/m2/month, while the average IKE of CEED building in 2015 was 1.5 kWh/m2/month and in 2016 was 0.79 kWh/m2/month. Based on the calculation of IKE in both buildings, they are still considered in the category of efficient. However, based on the measurement of temperature and relative humidity, it shows that in both buildings air conditioning is still necessary to achieve the level of thermal comfort, therefore an increase of efficiency in the load is needed to avoid wastage.

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Peri, Giorgia, Ferdinando Foresta, Laura Inzerillo e Gianfranco Rizzo. "Environmentally Assessing Buildings Characterized by Complex Shape and Innovative Materials". Advanced Materials Research 664 (febbraio 2013): 409–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.664.409.

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This paper addresses the emerging problem consisting in a correct energy and environmental evaluation of buildings belonging to the new architectural tendency. In fact, innovative buildings are often characterized by new materials that, not rarely, are not contemplated in current environmental databases. Moreover, unconventional shapes of these buildings could require further manufacturing processes that involve additional energy consumption not included in the commercial environmental database. Through the work a spotlighting of the problem is presented with reference to a real innovative building.

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Sun, Jingjing. "Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Block Prefabricated Multi-Storey Building Technology". Journal of World Architecture 6, n. 2 (4 marzo 2022): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/jwa.v6i2.3703.

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In active response to the national requirements of promoting green building materials and developing prefabricated buildings, it is necessary to continuously optimize and reasonably employ relevant technologies. Autoclaved aerated concrete block prefabricated multi-storey building technology is a new technology, which will not only effectively realize green environmental protection in construction engineering, but also promote the further development of prefabricated buildings. Therefore, this paper analyzes the autoclaved aerated concrete block prefabricated multi-storey building technology for future references.

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Chamasemani, Niyousha Fallah, Massih Kelishadi, Hasan Mostafaei, Mohammad Amin Dehghani Najvani e Mohammadreza Mashayekhi. "Environmental Impacts of Reinforced Concrete Buildings: Comparing Common and Sustainable Materials: A Case Study". Construction Materials 4, n. 1 (19 dicembre 2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/constrmater4010001.

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Abstract (sommario):

The world is currently grappling with the two critical issues of global warming and climate change, which are primarily caused by the emission of greenhouse gases. The construction industry and buildings significantly contribute to these emissions, accounting for roughly 40% of the total greenhouse gas emissions. In response to this pressing issue, environmental organizations and governments have pushed the construction industry to adopt environmentally friendly practices to reduce their carbon footprint. This has led to a greater emphasis on designing and planning sustainable buildings that are in line with the principles of sustainable development. Hence, it is imperative to evaluate buildings in terms of their greenhouse gas emissions and explore ways to reduce them. This research examines the impact of material selection on the carbon footprint of reinforced concrete buildings, aiming to reduce embodied carbon. For this purpose, two reinforced concrete buildings are designed for their embodied carbon to quantify their environmental impact. The first building employs commonly used materials such as ceramics, clay bricks, stone, and plaster. In contrast, the second building incorporates sustainable materials such as cork, plywood, and rockwool. According to the findings, using sustainable materials in the second building leads to a 41.0% reduction in the carbon footprint of the construction process. Additionally, using sustainable materials can mitigate pollution levels in the three categories of endangerment to human health, ecosystem pollution, and resource consumption by 31.4%, 23.7%, and 33.3%, respectively.

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27

Pham, Trung Dung, Xuan Cuong Cao, Duc Tinh Le, Cuong Sy Ngo e Dinh Van Le. "Displacement monitoring of high-rise buildings by using terrestrial laser scanners: Faro Focus3D X130". Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences 62, n. 6 (31 dicembre 2021): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.46326/jmes.2021.62(6).05.

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Monitoring the displacement of high-rise buildings using a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) is an active research topic in the field of engineering surveying. The Faro Focus3D X130 is one of the most suitable scanners which is widely used in different industries, such as architecture, archaeology, shipbuilding, and construction. However, in engineering surveying, the potential use of this scanner is not investigated for displacement monitoring yet. This paper's goal is to evaluate the accuracy of this scanner in the displacement monitoring of high-rise buildings. In the fieldwork experiment, the high-rise-rise building’s displacement is simulated by a movement of the board installed on this building. In addition, the surface material, scanning geometry, and point density of data that influenced the scan quality are investigated. The cloud - to - cloud method in CloudCompare software is applied to measure the distance between point clouds in two epochs. The distance between two point clouds allows determining the displacement of the board in two epochs. The results show the deviation between displacement analyzed from point clouds and the actual displacement is smaller than 2 mm in all experiments. TLS completely fulfills the required accuracy in the displacement monitoring according to the Vietnam construction standard. This study indicates that Faro Focus3D X130 is suitable to use in the displacement monitoring of high-rise buildings in practical engineering surveying.

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P. Mikhnev, Ilya, Svetlana V. Mikhneva e Natalia A. Salnikova. "Studies of radon activity in civil engineering and environmental objects". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, n. 2.23 (20 aprile 2018): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.23.11907.

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In this article, studies of the radiation (radon) characteristics of the soil, soil-forming rocks and civil engineering buildings of the Volgograd Region are presented. The purpose of the study was to identify factors of the radiation background caused by radon in civil engineering objects. The regularities of radon distribution at the objects of the construction complex and the environment are determined depending on the influence of various factors. The studies made it possible to calculate the averaged annual effective equivalent doses to the population of the Volgograd Region caused by radon and the daughter products of the decay of radon. As a result, the patterns of changes in radon activity in the air of the premises have been established, depending on the time of the year, building materials and the purpose of the room. The result of the work performed is the normative material for use in the construction industry in order to limit the radiation exposure of the population in the region. Also, methodological material for training specialists in the field of radiation research in the building complex.

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Keeton, Jeffrey M. "The Road to Platinum: Using the USGBC's LEED-EB® Green Building Rating System to Retrofit the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Region 10 Park Place Office Building". Journal of Green Building 5, n. 2 (1 maggio 2010): 55–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.5.2.55.

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Abstract (sommario):

According to the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC), buildings account for a significant amount of environmental degradation. The building sector is the number one producer of global CO2 emissions in the U.S., followed by the transportation and industrial sectors.1 (See Figure 1 for the environmental impact of all U.S. buildings.) The concept of green buildings represents a major paradigm shift in the architectural, construction, and engineering fields. As society increasingly switches its appreciation of buildings from merely size and aesthetics toward environmental stewardship and efficiency, the USGBC's LEED Green Building Rating System has become increasingly popular to follow. Since its inception in 2000, the LEED system has been promoting and monitoring green building practices throughout the United States. With a four-tiered rating scheme including LEED Certified, LEED Silver, LEED Gold, and LEED Platinum, the system currently has 35,000 projects already on their way toward certification.2 In particular, the LEED for Existing Buildings (LEED-EB) system looks to retrofit existing buildings into those that are more sustainable, efficient, and environmentally friendly. Doing so significantly reduces the demand for new resources, as construction managers can recycle and reuse building materials and incorporate them into new designs. This truly is the definition of green building and is the way of the future. By implementing green building practices, many of the adverse environmental impacts of buildings can be dramatically reduced, often for only a one to two percent initial cost premium over the price of conventional construction practice.3 Several environmental benefits of green buildings include improving air and water quality, conserving natural resources, and becoming more energy efficient. Sudies have shown that green buildings, compared to normal buildings, can reduce energy use by 24–50 percent, CO2 emissions by 33–39 percent, water use by 40 percent, and solid waste by 70 percent.4 (See Figure 2 for the impact of green commercial buildings compared to the average commercial building.) In fact, if half of all new construction within the U.S. were built to match these percentages, it would be the equivalent of taking more than one million cars off of the road every year.5 Economic benefits include reducing operating costs, improving employee productivity and satisfaction, and optimizing economic performance over the life cycle of the structure.6 Additionally, health and community benefits include enhancing occupant comfort and health, and contributing to an overall positive environmentally-conscious reputation.7 Furthermore, Taryn Holowka states, “people in green buildings have 40-60 percent fewer incidents of colds, flu, and asthma; patients in green hospitals are discharged as much as two and a half days earlier; and kids in green schools increase their test scores by as much as 18 percent.”8 The U.S. EPA's Region 10 Park Place office building in Seattle was built in 1970. Its owner, Washington Holdings, and building manager, Wright Runstad & Company, have been encouraged by the EPA to use innovative energy conservation design, water conservation, waste reduction, stormwater management, and other strategies to make the structure more sustainable. Following the EPA's Green Building Strategy, which states that the EPA aims to strengthen the foundations of green building and raise public awareness of building-related impacts and opportunities, the Park Place building has become only the fifteenth LEED-EB Platinum building in the world, and one of the most impressive nearly-forty-year-old buildings in the entire United States. By using the LEED-EB Platinum green building rating system, the Park Place building management team has been able to successfully lower the building's energy consumption rate, improve its water efficiency, and make many other beneficial changes—all of which demonstrate just how effective the LEED system is at producing higher performance buildings.

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Lim, Hyojin, Sungho Tae e Seungjun Roh. "Major Building Materials in Terms of Environmental Impact Evaluation of School Buildings in South Korea". Buildings 12, n. 4 (16 aprile 2022): 498. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12040498.

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This study aimed to analyze the major building materials in terms of environmental impact evaluation of school buildings in South Korea. Three existing school buildings were selected as the analysis targets, and building materials were analyzed in terms of cumulative weight and six environmental impact categories (global warming potential, abiotic depletion potential, acidification potential, eutrophication potential, ozone-layer depletion potential, and photochemical oxidation potential). The materials were analyzed from an environmental perspective after integrating the six environmental impact categories into the environmental costs. From the analysis, nine major building materials, including ready-mixed concrete, concrete bricks, aggregate, rebar, cement, stone, glass, insulating materials, and wood, were selected for the school buildings. These analysis results can be used as a streamlined evaluation of the environmental impacts of school buildings. It is thought that the simplified life cycle assessment will help make decisions considering environmental characteristics in the early stage of the construction project. Additionally, it will be possible to make LCA efficient in terms of time and cost, one of the largest constraints of the existing building LCA, and effective reduction in the environmental load.

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ZHOU, Nan, Weijun GAO, Toshiyuki WATANABE, Hiroshi YOSHINO, Masaru NISHIDA e Toshio OJIMA. "STANDARD FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN CHINA(Environmental Engineering)". AIJ Journal of Technology and Design 10, n. 20 (2004): 191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijt.10.191.

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32

Struhala, Karel, Zuzana Stránská e Libor Matějka. "Environmental Assessment of Structural Elements from Secondary Raw Materials". Advanced Materials Research 649 (gennaio 2013): 236–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.649.236.

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This paper deals with the environmental assessment of production of structural elements made of secondary raw materials developed by the Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, with use of LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) methodology. Structural elements made of this material can be used in the building constructions as thermal insulating elements resisting high mechanical loads which could be used for minimizing the thermal bridges in structural details of buildings, such as the substructure below doors and windows, thermal insulation of the base of the wall, etc. This paper presents the identified environmental impacts of the prototype production of this structural element.

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Al-Sabahi, Mohammed Hatim, Muhammad Azzam Ismail, Ali Mohammed Alashwal e Karam M. Al-Obaidi. "Triangulation Method to Assess Indoor Environmental Conditions and Occupant Comfort and Productivity towards Low Energy Buildings in Malaysia". Buildings 12, n. 11 (25 ottobre 2022): 1788. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12111788.

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Abstract (sommario):

Saving energy and cutting costs without compromising indoor comfort conditions are challenging, especially in hot and humid regions such as Malaysia. This study explores a new approach to reducing energy consumption without compromising staff comfort in office buildings. This study aims to develop a method for lowering Building Energy Index (BEI) and maintaining acceptable indoor conditions while increasing productivity in office buildings. A developed triangulation method using Building Use Studies (BUS) for evaluating occupant satisfaction, physical measurements, and simulation modelling was implemented to measure indoor performance in an office building. The results indicated that enhancing six variables of building conditions managed to improve the occupant satisfaction by 44%. Hence, the productivity of staff in the building increased by 16%. The findings demonstrated that a reduction of 3 h in the operating times of chillers while an increase in chillers’ temperature by 1.5 °C maintained an acceptable indoor environment and reduced the building’s BEI to 89.48 kWh/m2/year, with an energy saving of 21.51%, turning the case study into a low energy building.

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Shibeika, Amna, Maatouk Khoukhi, Omar Al Khatib, Nouf Alzahmi, Shamma Tahnoon, Maryam Al Dhahri e Nouf Alshamsi. "Integrated Design Process for High-Performance Buildings; a Case Study from Dubai". Sustainability 13, n. 15 (30 luglio 2021): 8529. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158529.

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Abstract (sommario):

Due to the scarcity of water and the harsh desert climate of the United Arab Emirates (UAE), water and energy are two of the main challenges for the design of sustainable buildings in the UAE. Relevant literature calls for the consideration of building systems and materials at the design stage to achieve high-performing buildings and to save on the operational costs of the building. The aim of this research was to design a high-performance building that meets the environmental sustainability requirements for water and energy, in the city of Dubai to reflect the technological advancements of the UAE Mars mission. This has been achieved through following an integrated design process, which was mainly focused on the evaluation and specification of the building engineering systems based on performance, besides the goal of achieving visually appealing building with advanced structural design. The performance verification of the final building design, which considered engineering systems design from conception and through the design and detailed design stages, revealed a 15% reduction in water consumption and a 60% reduction in energy consumption. This provides a valuable contribution to architectural engineering practice, by demonstrating a case study for enhancing energy and water efficiency via building design, which consequently contributes to the environmental sustainability of the built environment.

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Trofimov, V. T., e V. A. Korolev. "Engineering protection of territories and buildings in the system of engineering and environmental protection". Moscow University Geology Bulletin 67, n. 1 (febbraio 2012): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0145875212010103.

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36

Yu, Jun Qi, Bo Dang, Derek Clements-Croome e Shuo Xu. "Sustainability Assessment Indicators and Methodology for Intelligent Buildings". Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (ottobre 2011): 3829–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.3829.

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The sustainable intelligent building is a building that has the best combination of environmental, social, economic and technical values. And its sustainability assessment is related with system engineering methods and multi-criteria decision-making. Therefore firstly, the wireless monitoring system of sustainable parameters for intelligent buildings is achieved; secondly, the indicators and key issues based on the “whole life circle” for sustainability of intelligent buildings are researched; thirdly, the sustainable assessment model identified on the structure entropy and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process is proposed.

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Nikonorov, Sergey, e Aldun Sardarly. "Strategic Approaches to the Construction of Energy-Efficient Housing in Russia". Strategizing: Theory and Practice 3, n. 3 (25 agosto 2023): 336–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2782-2435-2023-3-3-336-347.

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The article examines the issues of strategic approaches to the construction of energy efficient buildings in the context of green building. International and Russian environmental standards are considered as a tool to improve the efficiency of green building. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the current state of energy efficiency of buildings in Russia and to identify strategic development trends. Objectives – to study the regulatory framework that stimulates the strategic development of green building and energy efficiency; review of applied energy efficient technologies; review of national environmental standards.

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Patlakas, Panagiotis, Habid Becerra Santacruz e Hasim Altan. "Visualising the environmental conditions of buildings". Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Civil Engineering 167, n. 5 (maggio 2014): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/cien.13.00014.

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Bortolini, Rafaela, e Núria Forcada. "Association between Building Characteristics and Indoor Environmental Quality through Post-Occupancy Evaluation". Energies 14, n. 6 (17 marzo 2021): 1659. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14061659.

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Abstract (sommario):

Post-occupancy evaluations are common tools used to periodically assess Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) in tertiary buildings. Although the large amount of data collected from surveys contain valuable information, the influence of building characteristics on IEQ considering the different uses of the rooms and different types of occupants is rarely considered in the evaluation. This study presents an analysis of the association between building characteristics and IEQ in different building rooms (classrooms and offices) and different occupants (students and lecturers) using a post occupancy evaluation survey to 1013 occupants in 26 higher educational buildings in Spain under a Mediterranean climate. This research demonstrated that building characteristics influence IEQ perceptions of the different rooms in tertiary education buildings. The possibility of controlling the lighting, shadows or heating, ventilation air or conditioning (HVAC) systems are the most influential factors when analyzing IEQ. The findings of this research are of interest to facility managers aiming at implementing energy efficiency measures based on user-centric satisfaction or developing maintenance plans focused on IEQ enhancement.

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Medgyasszay, Péter, e Zsuzsa Szalay. "Optimization of Building Envelope Components Based on Life Cycle Environmental Impacts and Costs". Advanced Materials Research 899 (febbraio 2014): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.899.93.

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Abstract (sommario):

Recent national and international building regulations on the energy performance of buildings focus mainly on the reduction of operational energy. This can be achieved by increasing the energy efficiency of the building, installing highly efficient building service systems and applying renewable energy sources. However, these measures have a price in terms of investment costs, and also in terms of environmental impacts. The life-cycle of building materials, building constructions or whole buildings from cradle to grave can be assessed using the method of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Life Cycle Cost analysis (LCC). These tools take into account not only the heating energy saving due to additional insulation, but also the embodied environmental impacts and costs of the investment. In this paper, the optimum thickness of various insulation materials, including natural and recycled materials is examined considering three main environmental indicators and global costs. The analysis is performed for a typical Hungarian single-family house subject to retrofit.

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Riekstiņš, Roberts. "BUILDING ENERGY AND ARCHITECTURAL FORM RELATIONSHIPS / PASTATO ENERGIJOS IR ARCHITEKTŪRINĖS FORMOS RYŠIAI". Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 3, n. 3 (7 giugno 2011): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2011.053.

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Abstract (sommario):

Energy efficiency of buildings, of course, is now a major issue in the construction industry. It is being widely examined both among construction professionals and amateurs. There is no doubt that energy efficiency as a key factor in ensuring environmental sustainability will become the main driving force of the construction in the future. Buildings have to become more energy-efficient. This opinion is supported by the existing energy-use balance in Europe, indicating that the housing sector spends almost half of total energy consumption and building sector forms more than a third of total CO2 emissions (Bradley 2010). While discussing the subject of building energy efficiency, mostly different technical characteristics of buildings and engineering solutions are talked over. However, it has been relatively little examined how energy-efficient design affects the building’s architecturally-aesthetic side, styles of expression and trends in the architect’s profession. We learn that the essence for an energy-efficient building lies in smart modesty (Bokalders, Block 2010) and the rational utilization of materials (aim high – go low). And still – can energy efficient building be expressive, extravagant, and perhaps – even ambitious? There are many ideas implemented in projects which show that energy efficiency is not an obstacle to large scale architectural ideas. However, in order to combine architectural and artistic ambitions with the principles of sustainability, architects should search for an entirely new approach to architectural expression based on a detailed assessment of solutions applied from environmental point of view. It requires a complex understanding of building shape, applied technologies, energetic benefits and cost parameters. This article identifies the realised and experimental projects of the world and presents an analysis of classification of buildings according to typology. This publication gives general impression of the amplitude and topicality of the study issue, as well as the diversity applied to the architectural techniques. The article concludes that even creating a building’s shape in a smart way makes it possible to use substantial part of the renewable energy offered by nature.

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Overen, Ochuko K., Edson L. Meyer e Golden Makaka. "Daylighting Assessment of a Heritage Place of Instruction and Office Building in Alice, South Africa". Buildings 13, n. 8 (29 luglio 2023): 1932. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13081932.

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Mitigation of post-occupancy building energy consumption has resulted in the change of building design to utilise ambient weather factors for indoor thermal conditioning and lighting. This has increased the construction of new buildings with large glazing façades and reduced adaptive use of heritage buildings as they are considered not designed to meet modern energy use requirements. This paper evaluates the daylighting performance of a heritage place of instruction and office building. A quantitative research approach based on building information simulation tools was adopted. Autodesk Revit 2021 and Integrated Environmental Solutions Virtual Environment (IESVE) 2021 were used in modelling and simulating the building daylighting performances. The building’s annual daylight performance analysed with climate-based daylight modelling shows that points in the analysed spaces were within the UDI300-2000 for more than 50% of the occupied period (07h00 to 17h00) in a year. The sDA300,50% was found to be 100% in most spaces, which is considered a favourable daylit space according to the Illuminance Engineering Society of North America (IESNA). Further, discomfort glare analysis revealed that the building daylight glare is imperceptible, with an average daylight glare probability of 21.2%. The 1:14 window–wall ratio contributes to the building daylighting relative to orientation without constituting visual discomfort. Overall, climate-based daylight modelling revealed that the building’s annual daylight level meets the IESNA requirements with an imperceptible daylight glare.

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Schlegl, Honold, Leistner, Albrecht, Roth, Leistner, Binz e Sobek. "Integration of LCA in the Planning Phases of Adaptive Buildings". Sustainability 11, n. 16 (8 agosto 2019): 4299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11164299.

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The high consumption of resources in the building industry requires a significant reduction of material in buildings and consequently a reduction of emissions over all phases of the life cycle. This is the aim of the Collaborative Research Centre 1244 Adaptive Skins and Structures for the Built Environment of Tomorrow, funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG), which addresses research on the development and integration of adaptive systems in building structures and skins. New approaches in building planning are required for the implementation of adaptive buildings. Therefore, a multidisciplinary team from various fields such as architecture, civil and mechanical engineering, and system dynamics is necessary. The environmental impacts of the whole life cycle have to be considered for an integral planning process for adaptive buildings right from the beginning. For the integration of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), four temporal and content-related interfaces were identified in the planning process. Inputs and outputs of the LCA were defined for the relevant planning stages in order to enable the greatest possible benefit for the planners and to minimize the environmental impacts as far as possible. The result of the research work is a methodology that can be used in the future to reduce life cycle-related environmental impacts in the planning process of adaptive buildings (ReAdapt).

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Khoshbakht, Maryam, Eziaku Rasheed e George Baird. "Do Green Buildings Have Superior Performance over Non-Certified Buildings? Occupants’ Perceptions of Strengths and Weaknesses in Office Buildings". Buildings 12, n. 9 (25 agosto 2022): 1302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091302.

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The main objectives of green buildings are to improve their design and operation. Many studies have investigated whether green buildings lead to higher occupant satisfaction, yet with contradictory conclusions. The paper builds on the results of post-occupancy evaluation surveys of 68 buildings using the BUS Methodology. Satisfaction scores expressed by occupants with the qualities of their indoor environment were compared between the green and non-certified buildings. This research investigates whether green buildings have superior performance to non-certified buildings from the occupants’ perspectives. It was found that generally occupants were more satisfied in green buildings than in non-certified buildings. However, the differences were not significant for any of the environmental and operational parameters including thermal comfort, lighting, noise, and air quality. In the case of operational parameters such as design, needs, image of the building, and cleaning, the differences between the two building groups were notable. Air quality, design and work requirement had the strongest influence on perceived comfort in both green and non-certified buildings. Noise had the strongest influence on perceived productivity for both building groups. Although overall green buildings performed better than the non-certified buildings, the differences between the two were negligible particularly for environmental parameters. Most of the green buildings were not performing entirely as their designers may have intended and had weaknesses that needed to be addressed.

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Punia, Aditya. "Analysis of the Impact of Passive Design Strategies on Energy Consumption of a Building in Composite Climate Zone". Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 24, n. 03 (10 marzo 2022): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.51201/jusst/22/0282.

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Abstract (sommario):

The demand for buildings that can deal with current challenges such as environmental conservation, climate change, and sustainability etc., has increased as cities have grown more rapidly. Retrofitting of existing buildings utilizing ideas such as sustainability can enhance the energy performance of new and existing infrastructure while taking economic and cultural issues into account. Buildings account for over 40% of global power demand as well as 40% of CO2 emissions. This paper presents a thorough analysis of thermal performance parameters for composite building walls, including thermal transmittance. Renewable energy sources provide an endless supply of power. Solar energy can be used passively or actively to complement a building’s energy demands. It is possible to minimize energy consumption for a building’s heating, cooling, and lighting needs by using a climate-sensitive strategy in the design of architectural elements such as static sunshades, walls, and roofs. It has been observed that the basecase consumes 93134.4 kWh, whereas the proposed-case consumes 68317.7 kWh. There is a huge 26.65% reduction in the annual energy consumption by adopting passive design strategies.

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Motiei, M., U. Iyer-Raniga e M. M. Andamon. "Reviewing the critical factors for circular building design and construction". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1363, n. 1 (1 giugno 2024): 012039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1363/1/012039.

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Abstract Buildings and associated stock have a negative environmental impact during construction and operation. The transition of the built environment to circular economy (CE) has become widely accepted due to growing concerns regarding the end of life of current building stock. This transition is highlighted as a step towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals for GHG emissions and decarbonisation by 2030 by the UN, and net zero targets by 2050 by peak bodies such as the World Green Building Council. To support this, focus on circular building (CB) has become paramount, especially at the building level, since circularity is associated with the dynamics of processes, materials, and stakeholders that enable optimising resources while minimizing waste throughout a building’s lifecycle. Nevertheless, there is an ongoing debate among professionals in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) sector on the implementation of CE principles during the initial design phase of buildings. The uptake of CE presents challenges, primarily due to the cost and complexity associated with the design process and the absence of immediate economic value, as compared to traditional approaches. This paper presents a critical literature review of CE and examines the key design factors that contribute to the preliminary development of a framework for circular buildings to guide designers on the uptake of circularity.

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Brejnrod, Kathrine Nykjær, Pradip Kalbar, Steffen Petersen e Morten Birkved. "The absolute environmental performance of buildings". Building and Environment 119 (luglio 2017): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2017.04.003.

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48

Rastogi, Rishabh, e Sushil Kumar Solanki. "Environmental Impact Analysis of Functional Retrofitting Measures in Buildings". Journal of Sustainable Architecture and Civil Engineering 32, n. 1 (22 giugno 2023): 172–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.sace.32.1.30374.

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Abstract (sommario):

A large number of existing building stock in India was built before the implementation of government guidelines mandating the Green Building Codes. These buildings have been operating with various inefficiencies pertaining to their resource consumption and emissions. Literature suggests that the option of functional retrofitting of building has a potential to reduce this inefficiency by up to 50%. This paper investigates this potential by analysing actual cases of functional retrofitting of buildings (for achieving greater operational efficiency) in Indian context. The environmental impact analysis in this study includes the impact categories of primary energy demand, global warming potential, abiotic depletion potential, ozone depletion potential and water resource consumption for both pre-retrofit and post-retrofit scenario of building. The results are then correlated to the initial cost of functional retrofitting for each case in order to identify the inter-relationship and trend with respect to the level of intervention opted for the cases.

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Giama, Effrosyni. "Review on Ventilation Systems for Building Applications in Terms of Energy Efficiency and Environmental Impact Assessment". Energies 15, n. 1 (23 dicembre 2021): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15010098.

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Abstract (sommario):

Buildings are responsible for approximately 30–40% of energy consumption in Europe, and this is a fact. Along with this fact is also evident the existence of a defined and strict legislation framework regarding energy efficiency, decarbonization, sustainability, and renewable energy systems in building applications. Moreover, information and communication technologies, along with smart metering for efficient monitoring, has come to cooperate with a building’s systems (smart buildings) to aim for more advanced and efficient energy management. Furthermore, the well-being in buildings still remains a crucial issue, especially nowadays that health and air quality are top priority goals for occupants. Taking all the above into consideration, this paper aims to analyze ventilation technologies in relation to energy consumption and environmental impact assessment using the life cycle approach. Based on the review analysis of the existing ventilation technologies, the emphasis is given to parameters related to the efficient technical design of ventilation systems and their adequate maintenance under the defined guidelines and standards of mechanical ventilation operation. These criteria can be the answer to the complicated issue of energy efficiency along with indoor air quality targets. The ventilation systems are presented in cooperation with heating and cooling system operations and renewable energy system applications ensuring an energy upgrade and reduced greenhouse gas emissions. Finally, the mechanical ventilation is examined in a non-residential building in Greece. The system is compared with the conventional construction typology of the building and in cooperation with PVs installation in terms of the environmental impact assessment and energy efficiency. The methodology implemented for the environmental evaluation is the Life Cycle Analysis supported by OpenLca software.

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50

ARI, Ahmet Cihat. "YÜKSEK YAPILARIN TASARIMLARININ VE YAPIM TEKNİKLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ". IEDSR Association 6, n. 11 (24 febbraio 2021): 289–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.46872/pj.242.

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Abstract (sommario):

With the increase of the population recently, changes have occurred in the design and construction techniques of the buildings due to the insufficient building stock. With the development of science and technology, new construction techniques have emerged in the construction and design of structures. In the global population increase, high-rise buildings were built to meet the need for shelter and these structures were built with the development of technology. However, high-rise buildings have become the symbol of technological development for countries and cities. Since the 21st century, the construction of high-rise buildings in cities with different designs and new construction techniques has provided the development of architecture and engineering. It is important to design high-rise buildings in accordance with the culture and texture of the city. In addition, high-rise buildings should be built as structures resistant to natural disasters such as earthquakes, fires and floods. For this reason, the design and construction techniques of high-rise buildings have become a research subject in the field of architecture and engineering. The aim of this study is to examine the designs and construction techniques of high-rise buildings. In the first part of the study, the concept of high rise building and its historical development are discussed. In the second part of the study, the designs and construction techniques of high-rise buildings are investigated. In addition, the study was conducted to examine the high structure by giving examples from the world and Turkey. Within the scope of the study, literature researches such as domestic and international articles, books, published theses, web resources were conducted and data were collected. As a result of the examinations made within the scope of the study, it is important to select the building materials in accordance with the characteristics of the building materials in the design and construction techniques of high-rise buildings with the development of technology. Therefore, the architect should know the properties of the materials in the design of high-rise buildings and use them in accordance with the properties of the material in the construction of the buildings. In addition, increasing the height of the building by making aerodynamic designs in high buildings reduces the effect of the wind speed.

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