Bibliografie tematiche / Brief Interventions

Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Brief Interventions"

Autore: Grafiati
Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021
Ultima modifica: 31 gennaio 2023

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Brief Interventions"

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Finfgeld-Connett, Deborah. "Alcohol Brief Interventions". Annual Review of Nursing Research 23, n. 1 (gennaio 2005): 363–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0739-6686.23.1.363.

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A large proportion of Americans report binge or heavy drinking. The human and economic costs of alcohol misuse are extensive, with hundreds of thousands of lives lost or disrupted and billions of dollars spent due to impaired productivity, crime, and adverse health consequences. In an effort to reduce costs such as these, scientists and clinicians have developed brief interventions, characterized by their low intensity and short (5–60 minutes) duration, as well as by their intent to provide early intervention before drinkers develop alcohol abuse or dependence. The purpose of this review, therefore, is to analyze research studies related to brief intervention and critically analyze and critique their findings. In addition, both prospective randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses will be used to discuss the implications for clinical practice and make recommendations for future research.
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Schatman, Michael E., Hannah Shapiro, María F. Hernández-Nuño de la Rosa e Vanak Huot. "Brief Motivational Interventions". Dental Clinics of North America 64, n. 3 (luglio 2020): 559–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cden.2020.02.005.

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Amaranto, Ernesto, Jakob Steinberg, Cherie Castellano e Roger Mitchell. "Police Stress Interventions". Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention 3, n. 1 (1 marzo 2003): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brief-treatment/mhg001.

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Heather, Nick. "The case for extended brief interventions". Slovenian Journal of Public Health 50, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2011): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10152-010-0023-8.

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The case for extended brief interventions Brief interventions directed against hazardous and harmful drinking have become popular in recent years, both among researchers and, to some extent, among general practitioners and other health professionals. There is a strong evidence-base, at least in primary health care, to justify this popularity. But there is often confusion about what exactly alcohol brief intervention consists of. In fact, the term ‘brief intervention’ does not describe a single, well-defined activity but rather a family of interventions that differ in a range of ways. Although they all share the characteristics of being briefer than most formal treatment programmes for alcohol problems and of being aimed at drinkers with less severe problems and levels of dependence than those typically attending specialized treatment services, brief interventions differ among themselves in duration over time, number of scheduled sessions, procedures and accompanying materials, styles of interaction, delivery personnel and settings, and the underlying theoretical approach on which they are based.
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HEATHER, NICK. "Psychology and Brief Interventions". Addiction 84, n. 4 (aprile 1989): 357–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.1989.tb00578.x.

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Bouwman, Emily P., Marleen C. Onwezen, Danny Taufik, David de Buisonjé e Amber Ronteltap. "Brief self-efficacy interventions to increase healthy dietary behaviours: evidence from two randomized controlled trials". British Food Journal 122, n. 11 (8 luglio 2020): 3297–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-07-2019-0529.

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PurposeSelf-efficacy has often been found to play a significant role in healthy dietary behaviours. However, self-efficacy interventions most often consist of intensive interventions. The authors aim to provide more insight into the effect of brief self-efficacy interventions on healthy dietary behaviours.Design/methodology/approachIn the present article, two randomized controlled trials are described. In study 1, a brief self-efficacy intervention with multiple self-efficacy techniques integrated on a flyer is tested, and in study 2, an online brief self-efficacy intervention with a single self-efficacy technique is tested.FindingsThe results show that a brief self-efficacy intervention can directly increase vegetable intake and indirectly improve compliance to a diet plan to eat healthier.Originality/valueThese findings suggest that self-efficacy interventions do not always have to be intensive to change dietary behaviours and that brief self-efficacy interventions can also lead to more healthy dietary behaviours.
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Dulmus, Catherine N., e John S. Wodarski. "Six Critical Questions for Brief Therapeutic Interventions". Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention 2, n. 4 (1 dicembre 2002): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brief-treatment/2.4.279.

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Romo, Lucia, Yann Le Strat, Caroline Aubry, Sonia Marquez, Karine Houdeyer, Philippe Batel, Jean Adès e Philip Gorwood. "The Role of Brief Motivational Intervention on Self-Efficacy and Abstinence in a Cohort of Patients with Alcohol Dependence". International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 39, n. 3 (settembre 2009): 313–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/pm.39.3.g.

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Objectives: Brief interventions are effective in reducing heavy drinking in the general population but few studies examined whether it is also effective in alcohol dependent patients, and whether brief intervention increases self-efficacy. Method: One hundred and seven patients with alcohol-dependence were randomized in a controlled trial examining the efficacy of a brief motivational intervention on both self-efficacy level and days of abstinence. Results: We found that brief motivational interventions had no effect on days of abstinence, nor on self-efficacy, but that high self-efficacy was consistently correlated with a longer period of abstinence, at all assessment-points. Conclusion: Self-efficacy appears to be a crucial prognosis factor, and is not influenced by brief motivational interventions. Other types of specific psychotherapy, probably more intensive, may be more efficient in alcohol-dependent patients than motivational interventions.
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López-Pelayo, Hugo, Elsa Caballeria, Estela Díaz, Ariadna Sánchez, Lidia Segura, Joan Colom, Paul Wallace e Antoni Gual. "Digital brief interventions for risky drinkers are not the panacea: A pilot study exploring barriers for its implementation according to professionals’ perceptions". Health Informatics Journal 26, n. 2 (18 giugno 2019): 925–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1460458219855177.

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Digital brief interventions have emerged as an instrument to improve the implementation of Screening, Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment programs for risky drinkers. However, trials in Catalonia have been unsuccessful. This study was aimed at researching professionals’ perceptions regarding the usefulness of digital brief interventions in overcoming traditional barriers of face-to-face Screening, Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment and new barriers posed by the use of digital brief interventions. Professionals who participated in the Effectiveness of primary care based Facilitated Access to alcohol Reduction website (EFAR)digital brief intervention clinical trial were surveyed on April 2017 on the following areas: (1) satisfaction, (2) usefulness, (3) perceived ability of digital interventions on overcoming traditional barriers and (4) perceived new barriers of digital interventions. Sixty-eight professionals completed the survey. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using the level of professional engagement with the project as the dependent variable, barriers as independent variables and socio-demographic characteristics as covariables. Of all professionals, 79.4 percent were satisfied with their participation in the project, but only 26.5 percent perceived the website as useful. Low engagement was associated with the perceived lack of feedback (0.22; 95% confidence interval: 0.05 -0.88), perception that it was difficult to use among the elderly(0.22; 95 confidence interval: 0.05 -0.091) and among low socioeconomic population (0.14; 95% confidence interval: 0.03 -0.64). The majority of the participants indicated that digital brief intervention for risky drinkers succeeded in overcoming most of the traditional barriers. However, new barriers emerged as difficulties for implementing digital brief interventions in the Catalan Primary Health Care System. Usefulness perception is a key factor, which must be addressed in any proposed intervention in primary care.
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Bloom, Bernard L. "Brief Interventions for Anxiety Disorders: Clinical Outcome Studies". Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention 2, n. 4 (1 dicembre 2002): 325–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brief-treatment/2.4.325.

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Tesi sul tema "Brief Interventions"

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Kellar, Ian. "Evaluating brief theory-based interventions to promote health behaviours". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.418499.

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Ritter, Chelsea. "Identification of Reading Comprehension Interventions using Brief Experimental Analysis". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1592134725353135.

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Hogan, Lee M. "Developing and evaluating brief, computerised interventions for excessive drinkers". Thesis, Bangor University, 2005. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/developing-and-evaluating-brief-computerised-interventions-for-excessive-drinkers(bd39d8ac-22e1-4598-b425-b25ce8d18eae).html.

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Dolalie, Kelsch Angela Ann. "Screening and Brief Interventions for Alcohol Use in College Students". Diss., North Dakota State University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27030.

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College students are recognized as a high-risk group for alcohol problems in the United States. Annually approximately 500,000 college students are unintentionally injured, and more than 1,700 college students die from alcohol-related unintentional injury. In addition, individuals who begin drinking alcohol early in life increase their risk of developing serious alcohol problems later in life. As a result, it is essential that efforts be made to focus on opportunities for alcohol screening and brief intervention where applicable in an attempt to reduce problem drinking behaviors. Alcohol screening and brief interventions for alcohol misuse is an effective way for health care professionals' at student health clinics to take advantage of screening a high-risk population for alcohol misuse during a routine clinic exam. The purpose of this practice improvement project was for healthcare providers to initiate alcohol screening on all willing patients via a self-administered alcohol questionnaire (Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test) and for the healthcare providers to address problem drinking behaviors with individual patients where indicated by implementing a 5-15 minute brief intervention for problem alcohol consumption. The aim was that the screening would flag problem drinkers and at risk individuals who would benefit from a brief alcohol intervention and potentially avoid future alcohol related harm to their health. The AUDIT screening did flag problem alcohol behaviors and facilitated an opportunity for healthcare providers to discuss those negative alcohol behaviors as well as the negative long-term implications they can have on the lives of the individual college students.
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Doi, Lawrence K. "Screening and alcohol brief interventions in antenatal care : a realistic evaluation". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/9513.

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Background: Prenatal alcohol consumption is one of the leading preventable causes of birth defects, including fetal alcohol syndrome and learning disabilities. Although there is strong evidence of the benefits of screening and alcohol brief interventions (ABIs) in reducing hazardous and harmful drinking among the primary care population, evidence of its effectiveness with the antenatal care population is limited. Nevertheless, the Scottish Government is incorporating an alcohol screening and ABI programme as part of the routine antenatal care provided to women in a bid to protect the health and safety of the unborn child and improve subsequent health and developmental outcomes. This research therefore seeks to increase understanding of the factors that are likely to influence the effectiveness of this recently implemented programme. It also aims to explore the extent to which contemporary issues such as change in guidelines regarding alcohol consumption during pregnancy influences perceptions and attitudes, and the possible implications of these on the screening and ABI delivery. Methods: The study described in this thesis employed a realistic evaluation methodology. Realistic evaluation is a theory-driven approach to investigating social programmes. It is concerned with hypothesising, testing and refining programme theories by exploring the interaction of contexts, mechanisms and outcomes. To identify the relevant screening and ABI programme theories, two separate systematic reviews, a critical review and four face-to-face interviews were undertaken with health policy implementers. The findings were used to construct context, mechanism and outcomes propositions. The propositions were then tested by conducting individual interviews with seventeen pregnant women and fifteen midwives, a further six midwifery team leaders were involved in a focus group discussion. A thematic approach using a hybrid of inductive and deductive coding and theme development informed the qualitative analysis. Results: In the context of uncertainties regarding the threshold of drinking that causes fetal harm, pregnant women reported that screening assessment helped them to reflect on their drinking behaviour and facilitate behaviour change. For women who drank at hazardous and harmful levels before attending the booking appointment, screening and ABI may be helpful in terms of eliciting behaviour change. However, they may not be very beneficial in terms of reducing harm to the fetus as it has been found that drinking during the first trimester poses the most risk to the fetus. Training and resources provided to midwives as part of the screening and ABI programme were found to be facilitating mechanisms that midwives indicated improved their skills and confidence. However, most of the midwives had not subsequently employed the motivational interviewing skills required for the ABI delivery, as many of the pregnant women reported that they reduced or abstained from alcohol consumption once pregnancy was confirmed. The outcome noted was that midwives confidence decreased leading to missed opportunities to appropriately deliver the ABI to eligible women. The small numbers of women being identified for ABI meant midwives rarely delivered the ABI. This negatively influenced midwives attitudes as they then accorded ABI low priority in their workload. Other disenabling mechanisms noted to be hampering the implementation of the screening and ABI initiative included midwives contending with competing priorities at the booking appointments, and the lack of adequate rapport between midwives and pregnant women at the booking appointment to discuss alcohol issues appropriately, leading to women providing socially desirable responses to screening questions. Conclusions: The findings of this study has generated greater explanations of the working of the screening and ABI programme in antenatal care setting and has provided transferable lessons that can be used by others intending to implement similar programmes in other settings.
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Monro, Craig Clare. "Solution-focused brief therapy, a process-outcome study of positively oriented interventions". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0007/MQ46214.pdf.

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Tabares, Amber A. "How couples praise and complain : an examination of two brief marital interventions /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9185.

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Wen, Ming-Ching. "Two brief interventions to bolster problem solving in young and older adults". Thesis, University of Reading, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.541972.

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Cox, Michelle S. "Use of Brief Experimental Assessment for Selecting Interventions to Increase Positive Social Interaction". DigitalCommons@USU, 2009. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/278.

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Different reasons for social withdrawal include a performance deficit, a social skill deficit, lack of peer support, and avoidance of anxiety or aversive interactions. Each of these reasons for social withdrawal may require a different intervention. This study investigated the utility of brief experimental analysis for identifying the most functional intervention to increase positive peer interactions for three socially withdrawn students. Using a multiple baseline and multi-element single subject design, three treatments were administered to compare differences in peer interactions during recess. Interventions were contingent reward, a social skills training with peer mediation, and a brief cognitive-behavioral strategy. Although students responded differently to the three interventions, the social skills training with peer mediation intervention showed the greatest gains for all students during the brief assessment and when implemented over time.
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Mong, Kristi Westmoreland. "A comparison of brief experimental analysis and extended intervention analysis for identifying reading interventions for at-risk elementary students". Diss., Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2008. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-07142008-170042.

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Libri sul tema "Brief Interventions"

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Pradhan, Basant, Narsimha Pinninti e Shanaya Rathod, a cura di. Brief Interventions for Psychosis. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30521-9.

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Williamson, Ann. Brief psychological interventions in practice. Chichester, West Sussex: J. Wiley, 2008.

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Brief interventions with bereaved children. 2a ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010.

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Sperry, Len, e Vassilia Binensztok. Ultra-Brief Cognitive Behavioral Interventions. New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351202473.

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Macklem, Gayle L. Brief SEL Interventions at School. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65695-9.

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Barbara, Monroe, e Kraus Frances, a cura di. Brief interventions with bereaved children. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005.

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Kishore, P. Effectiveness of specific interventions: A brief review. Barking: Directorate of Public Health Medicine, Barking & Havering Health Authority, 1996.

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Bloom, Michael V., e David A. Smith. Brief Mental Health Interventions for the Family Physician. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0153-0.

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Solutioning: Solution-focused interventions for counselors. Philadelphia, Pa: Accelerated Development, 1998.

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Thomas, Gustavsson, e Robinson, Patricia A. Ph. D., a cura di. Brief interventions for radical behavior change: Principles and practice of focused acceptance and commitment therapy. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications, 2012.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Brief Interventions"

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Terry, Paul. "Brief Interventions". In Counselling and Psychotherapy with Older People, 18–30. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-06398-4_2.

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Scott, Stephanie, e Eileen Kaner. "Brief alcohol interventions". In Alcohol abuse and liver disease, 147–54. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118887318.ch16.

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Milner, Allison J., e Gregory L. Carter. "Brief Contact Interventions". In The International Handbook of Suicide Prevention, 466–79. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118903223.ch26.

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Roy, Ranjan. "Brief Therapies". In Psychosocial Interventions for Chronic Pain, 101–15. New York, NY: Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-76296-8_7.

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Petry, Nancy M. "Brief and motivational interventions." In Pathological gambling: Etiology, comorbidity, and treatment., 257–65. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10894-015.

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Pringle, Janice, Alexandra Nowalk, Alec Howard e Matthew Taylor. "Approaches to brief interventions." In Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment for substance use: A practitioner's guide., 85–101. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0000199-006.

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Sperry, Len. "Ultra-Brief Therapeutic Interventions". In Pattern Focused Therapy, 63–79. New York : Routledge, [2020]: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367429331-4.

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Pradhan, Basant, e Narsimha Pinninti. "Brief Interventions for Psychosis: Overview and Future Directions". In Brief Interventions for Psychosis, 1–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30521-9_1.

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Bell, Andy. "Employment Support for People with Psychosis". In Brief Interventions for Psychosis, 163–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30521-9_10.

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Pumariega, Andres J. "Cultural Factors in the Treatment of Psychosis". In Brief Interventions for Psychosis, 177–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30521-9_11.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Brief Interventions"

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Dick, Samantha, Brian Dillon, Vasilis S. Vasiliou, Martin P. Davoren, Samantha Dockray, Ciara Heavin, Conor Linehan e Michael Byrne. "Reducing the Individual, Institutional and Societal Harms from Student Drug Use." In Seventh International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head21.2021.13060.

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Drug use among higher education students can cause harm to the individual, their institution, and the wider society. Academic performance, physical and mental health, institutional reputation, crime and unemployment can all be impacted by student drug use. Tackling this is a challenge, and is often compounded by limited student health and counselling capacity and the student’s reluctance or unwillingness to seek support. Digital brief interventions have shown promise in reducing harm from substance use, and provide an opportunity to meet students where they are, delivering always-on, confidential support and intervention. However, limited interventions for drug use are available for students, and many struggle with engagement and retention. Our team have developed a novel brief intervention, using best practices in digital intervention development, and behavioural change to overcome some of these challenges. We describe the development of our intervention and discuss how implementation could result in tangible benefits to the individual, institution, and society.
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King, Shelby, Sterling Hubbard e Jenni Teeters. "An Interactive Personalized Feedback and Text-Messaging Intervention is Associated with Reductions in Substance-Impaired Driving". In 2020 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2021.01.000.38.

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Background: Substance-impaired driving continues to be a national public health concern and data suggests that up to one-third of college students report driving after drinking and/or cannabis use in the past year. To date, little research has investigated whether brief, technology-based interventions can be used to reduce substance-impaired driving among young adults. Recent research indicates that interventions that incorporate personal contact lead to larger effect sizes than fully automated interventions. The present study compared an interactive text-messaging intervention to an automated text-messaging intervention in the context of a brief, mobile-phone based substance-impaired driving intervention. Method: Participants were recruited through the university’s subject pool (n = 46) and completed measures that assessed impaired driving at baseline and three-month follow-up. In order to be eligible, students had to be at least 18 years or older, have access to a motor vehicle, and report driving after drinking two or more drinks and/or driving after cannabis use at least three times in the past three months. Participants were randomly assigned into four conditions: personalized feedback plus text-messaging (n = 12), personalized feedback plus automated text messaging (n = 11), an active control condition- (substance use information, n = 12), and an assessment only control condition (n = 11). Results: Repeated measures ANOVAs were run to compare the number of times driving while impaired over time across conditions. Analyses revealed the personalized feedback plus text-messaging led to significantly greater reductions over time in the number of times driving while impaired compared to participants in the assessment-only condition (p = .022). Additionally, participants in the personalized feedback plus text-messaging condition reported a greater reduction over time in the number of times driving while impaired than those in the personalized feedback plus automated text messaging condition, though this difference was not significantly significant (p = .066). Surprisingly, the text-messaging conditions did not result in significantly greater reductions in substance-impaired driving compared to the active control condition (p = .227). Discussion: Overall, these findings provide preliminary support for the short-term efficacy of a mobile-delivered personalized feedback intervention with interactive text-messaging in reducing substance-impaired driving among young adults. Due to Covid-19, three-month follow-up data could not be collected from half of the originally enrolled sample, resulting in underpowered analyses. Additional data will be collected as part of this pilot trial in the coming year.
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Linte, C. A., J. Moore e T. M. Peters. "How accurate is accurate enough? A brief overview on accuracy considerations in image-guided cardiac interventions". In 2010 32nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2010.5627652.

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Hamplová, Lidmila, Soňa Jexová, Veronika Pišová e Petr Hulinský. "Application of the brief intervention method in prevention of HIV/AIDS spread - 6 years of project implementation". In Život ve zdraví 2021. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p280-0076-2021-5.

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The National Programme for Addressing HIV/AIDS in the Czech Republic 2018- 2022 is a strategic document for combating the spread of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections in the Czech Republic. The activities of the programme are funded by the Czech Republic’s Ministry of Health’s subsidy programmed called the National Programme on HIV AIDS. The target population groups of the programme are not only persons at high risk of HIV/AIDS infection due to risky sexual behaviour, but also adolescents, teenagers, and other persons of reproductive age with a lower level of health literacy. One possibility that could increase their level of knowledge is the short intervention method, which is also applicable in the field of prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. The aim and purpose of the brief intervention method recommended by the WHO is to increase the health literacy of the intervened persons, eliminate their risky behaviour and promote their reproductive health. Reducing the incidence of HIV-positive persons in the population brings significant financial savings in terms of reduced treatment costs for both HIV-positive patients and especially those with advanced AIDS. The application of the brief intervention method in the field of prevention of HIV/AIDS and other STIs was the essence of the 6-year project conducted by the University of Health Sciences in health care facilities across the Czech Republic. Patients were privately familiarised with the content of educational cards and were offered the opportunity for a closer consultation on the topic. After the education, the effectiveness of the intervention was evaluated by a short questionnaire. 5,146 people of reproductive age were intervened in more than 150 health care facilities across the country during the implementation of the 6-year project. A total of 1,347 patients (26%) reported that their loved ones were not adequately protected from HIV/AIDS and other STIs. Only 56% of the male and 66% of the female respondents reported that they had ever spoken to their loved ones about STI prevention. After the education, 56% of the 89 reproductive-age interveners requested copies of the education cards for their loved ones. Increased health literacy due to education was more often acknowledged by women than men, and especially by those in the 15-25 age group, where 74% of those in this age group who intervened confirmed increased health literacy. Women (75%) were more likely than men to believe that their loved ones were not adequately protecting themselves from STIs. Patients with lower levels of education were more likely to admit an increase in health literacy than those with university education (64%). 71% of patients with only primary education, completed at fifteen years old in the Czech Republic, said their health literacy had increased. 70% or patients who finished their schooling after secondary education, completed at eighteen years old in the Czech Republic, said their health literacy had increased. Over the course of 6 years, more than 5,000 people of reproductive age were educated in the project. The health care environment in which the interventions were implemented contributed significantly to the success of the brief intervention method. The realisation of the project by the College of Health contributed to the implementation of the National Programme for Addressing HIV/AIDS in the Czech Republic 2018-2022 and at the same time the National Action Plan, entitled Development of Health Literacy.
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Angus, C., D. Gillespie, F. Yang, A. Duarte, S. Walker e S. Griffin. "OP60 How much evidence do we have, and how much more do we need for assessing the impact of public health interventions on health inequalities? Part 2: alcohol brief interventions". In Society for Social Medicine and Population Health and International Epidemiology Association European Congress Annual Scientific Meeting 2019, Hosted by the Society for Social Medicine & Population Health and International Epidemiology Association (IEA), School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, 4–6 September 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2019-ssmabstracts.62.

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León Ramírez, Erika Gisseth, Divane de Vargas, TALITA DUTRA PONCE e Caroline Pereira. "EFFECTIVENESS OF BRIEF INTERVENTIONS IN GROUP TO REDUCE THE PATTERN USE IN ADULTS WITH HARMFUL AND HAZARDOUS ALCOHOL USE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW". In JBI Brasil - 2017 Conferência das Américas - Implementação de Evidências. São Paulo - SP, Brazil: Galoa, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.17648/jbi-2017-70191.

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Khan-White, Thomas. ""EFFECT OF MINDFULNESS MEDITATION AND COPING STRATEGIES ON AFFECT AND DEPRESSION SYMPTOMATOLOGY AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS DURING NATIONAL LOCKDOWN - A PROSPECTIVE, NON-RANDOMISED CONTROLLED TRIAL "". In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact089.

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"This prospective, non-randomised controlled trial aimed to investigate the effects of brief app-based sessions of mindfulness meditation (MM) and utilisation of either problem-focused (PFC) or emotion-focused coping (EFC) styles on positive affect (PA), negative affect (NA) and depression symptomatology during nationwide lockdown due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study enrolled 19 medical students to undergo a 10-minute MM intervention. These same students were also divided into either PFC or EFC groups. Affect was measured using the positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS), depression symptomatology was measured using the centre for epidemiological studies-depression (CES-D) scale and the brief COPE survey was used to categorise individuals as either PFC or EFC. Analysis showed no significant between-subject interaction for MM on PA, NA or CES-D score. Analysis of coping styles showed no significant between-subject interactions in relation to PA or NA, though CES-D scores approached significance (p=0.057) and PFC scored significantly lower than EFC at baseline (p=0.02). Significant within-subject effect of time found for PA and NA across both analyses (p<0.05). 61.1% of cohort scored above CES-D cut-off for being considered at risk of depression. These results identify a need for further work into more intensive MM interventions with larger sample sizes as well as study into stressors associated with lockdown to more fully establish whether PFC strategies are the most beneficial. In addition, a clearly high level of psychological distress has been implicated in this study population, which may have implications for student pastoral care during this period."
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Kalinin, Ruslan, e Evgeny Barinov. "Expert assessment of causal relationships with adverse outcomes of infection in clinical practice". In Issues of determining the severity of harm caused to human health as a result of the impact of a biological factor. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/conferencearticle_5fdcb03a84e0b2.48443155.

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The article highlights the issues of establishing cause-and-effect relationships in cases of death and injury to human health in the provision of medical care. The theoretical foundations and practical problems of determining the severity of harm to the patient's health in severe infectious diseases and the development of complications caused by surgical infection are considered. The article presents a brief description of the main provisions of the legislation and methods of forensic medical expert assessment of infectious processes in the patient's body associated with both the disease and the consequences of medical interventions, including improper medical care. It is noted that the fact of occurrence of infectious complications cannot be regarded as harm to the patient's health in the absence of data confirming the presence of a direct cause-and-effect relationship between the admitted defects (shortcomings) of medical care and the adverse outcome of the disease or injury. An example from practice is given and a rare case of a combination of botulism with a brain infarction is analyzed. Simultaneous ischemic and toxic damage to the nervous system caused difficulties both in the clinical diagnosis during the patient's lifetime and in the process of expert evaluation of the medical care after his death. The authors of the article come to the conclusion that the procedure for establishing causal relationships and the severity of harm to human health caused during medical care needs to be further improved from the standpoint of legislation and methods of conducting forensic medical examination. Special attention should be paid to fatal cases of nosocomial infection, as well as infectious complications of surgical interventions. Determining the severity of a patient's health injury should be based on an analysis of the causal relationship between deficiencies in medical care and an adverse outcome.
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Ragni, Benedetta, Piergiorgio Guarini, Giusi Antonia Toto e Pierpaolo Limone. "Digital Resilience and Psychological Wellbeing of Italian Higher Education Students: An Exploratory Study". In 9th International Scientific Conference Technics and Informatics in Education. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Technical Sciences Čačak, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/tie22.431r.

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Covid-19 pandemic has increased the use of technology in the educational field. While previous literature has demonstrated the benefits of using technology in educational environments, the risks related to problematic digital behaviors have been less investigated. Digital resilience represents a protective factor for students’ learning outcomes and emotional wellbeing. The main aim of this study was to explore Italian university students’ digital resilience levels and their psychological wellbeing in terms of stress and psychological resilience. 94 students (F=57.4%) aged 19-57 (M=31.11, SD=9.04) completed an ad-hoc questionnaire on digital resilience which included the Perceived Stress Scale, the KOP-26, and the Brief Resilience Scale. Descriptive statistics, item analysis, and bivariate correlations were performed. Results showed that Italian students reported higher levels of stress (M=21.53, SD=6.92) than the Italian normative sample. In addition to this, they perceived good levels of both psychological and digital resilience: they reported being aware of potential strategies for preparing for and responding to cyber threats and how to face negative online experiences. These results could usefully inform interventions aimed at helping them to recognize and manage risks and threats when online
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Rodríguez, Derly Judaissy Díaz, Jeffrey Andrés Díaz Rodríguez, Diva Constanza Gil Forero e María Paula Pineda Díaz. "Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome and other chronic neurological syndromes related to alcohol abuse: prevention in people without home". In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.686.

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Introduction: The homeless population has a high prevalence of alcoholism and consumption of other drugs, which also means that they are at greater risk of developing all complications resulting from alcohol abuse. (MILER et al, 2021). The medical attention for homeless population is a device of the Unified Health System that claims social, health policies and the guarantee of fundamental rights (BRASIL, 2009). Methods: Evaluation of protocols and referral flows for the treatment of patients with ‘mental disorders and due to alcohol use’, of the medical attention for homeless population in the city of Petrópolis (Rio de Janeiro), between April / 2020 and April 2021, data from e-SUS, and literature review. Results: The city of Petrópolis (Rio de Janeiro) registered 259 people without home, 84.8% are men, all people are adults between 20-74 years old, 98% are born Brazilians, 92% reported alcohol consumption, and alcohol with other drugs 61% (cocaine, crack, marijuana, solvent, tobacco). There was 3 patients with diagnose of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome: 2 men and 1 woman (aged 60-65 years) in the period from April 2020 - April 2021 (BRAZIL, 2021 The medical attention for homeless population approach to alcoholism includes the CAGE and AUDIT tests, symptomatic treatment and brief psychological interventions. aimed at weaning, and the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment of Alcohol Scale Revised scale to quantify the degree of abstinence. However, the majority of users do not want total cessation, generally they choose to reduce consumption (secondary prevention), and later recovery and reintegration into society, highlighting that self-help groups and social assistance have a prominent role (tertiary prevention) (MARSCHARLL; GREGANTI, 2002; LONGO, et al., 2013). Conclusion: Despite confounding / aggravating factors such as social determinants in health, and the difficulties of the health network, the medical attention for homeless population is fundamental in the secondary and tertiary prevention of neurological diseases due to chronic alcohol consumption; complex cases require complex interventions, that is, individualization, adaptation and flexibility.
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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Brief Interventions"

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Cao, Shudian, Soh Kim Geok, R. Samsilah, H. Sun, Soh Kim Lam e J. Liu. Does Brief Mindfulness-Based Interventions Improve Sport-Related Performance? A Systematic Review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, dicembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.12.0086.

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Review question / Objective: This review aims to know whether brief mindfulness-based interventions could Improve sport-related performance. Eligibility criteria: 1. Full-text article published in English or Chinese 2. Participants who reported mindfulness experience were no more than 5% of total sample size3. Study used the brief mindfulness-based intervention in experimental group4. Without mindfulness intervention in control group5. Outcome measures are sport-related performance6. randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-randomized controlled trials (nRCTs) and non-randomized non-controlled trials (nRnCTs) with two or more groups and single-group trials.
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2

Masset, Edoardo. Evaluating complex interventions: What are appropriate methods? Centre for Excellence and Development Impact and Learning (CEDIL), febbraio 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51744/cmb7.

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In this CEDIL Methods Brief, we identify four types of complex development interventions: long causal chain interventions, multicomponent interventions, portfolio interventions, and system-level interventions. These interventions are characterised by multiple activities, multiple outcomes, multiple components, a high level of interconnectedness, and non-linear outcomes. We identify a number of approaches that support the evaluation of different types of complex interventions.
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Burchett, Helen E. D., Rebecca S. French, Sally Griffin, Malica de Melo, Joelma J. Picardo e Dylan Kneale. Structural interventions to enable adolescent contraceptive use in low and middle income countries: What has been evaluated and how should future interventions be developed? Centre for Excellence and Development Impact and Learning (CEDIL), dicembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51744/ceb3.

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Adolescent pregnancy rates in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are high and reducing these rates is an indicator for Sustainable Development Goal (SDG). Enabling contraceptive use amongst sexually active adolescents is an important way to help address this. Most interventions tend to focus on providing contraceptives and family planning services or information and education to encourage girls to use contraception. However, these interventions do not usually address the broader factors that affect girls’ ability to access and use contraception. Structural interventions are those that address this broader context, such as interventions that aim to increase girls’ education, reduce poverty and/or increase their economic empowerment, or shift social norms around gender, adolescent sexuality or fertility. This brief summarises the findings of an evidence synthesis that examined structural interventions to enable adolescent contraceptive use in LMICs. The authors identify which structural interventions have been evaluated and offer recommendations on how future interventions could be developed to optimise their impact.
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Tipton, Kelley, Brian F. Leas, Nikhil K. Mull, Shazia M. Siddique, S. Ryan Greysen, Meghan B. Lane-Fall e Amy Y. Tsou. Interventions To Decrease Hospital Length of Stay. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), settembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepctb40.

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Background. Timely discharge of hospitalized patients can prevent patient harm, improve patient satisfaction and quality of life, and reduce costs. Numerous strategies have been tested to improve the efficiency and safety of patient recovery and discharge, but hospitals continue to face challenges. Purpose. This Technical Brief aimed to identify and synthesize current knowledge and emerging concepts regarding systematic strategies that hospitals and health systems can implement to reduce length of stay (LOS), with emphasis on medically complex or vulnerable patients at high risk for prolonged LOS due to clinical, social, or economic barriers to timely discharge. Methods. We conducted a structured search for published and unpublished studies and conducted interviews with Key Informants representing vulnerable patients, hospitals, health systems, and clinicians. The interviews provided guidance on our research protocol, search strategy, and analysis. Due to the large and diverse evidence base, we limited our evaluation to systematic reviews of interventions to decrease hospital LOS for patients at potentially higher risk for delayed discharge; primary research studies were not included, and searches were restricted to reviews published since 2010. We cataloged the characteristics of relevant interventions and assessed evidence of their effectiveness. Findings. Our searches yielded 4,364 potential studies. After screening, we included 19 systematic reviews reported in 20 articles. The reviews described eight strategies for reducing LOS: discharge planning; geriatric assessment or consultation; medication management; clinical pathways; inter- or multidisciplinary care; case management; hospitalist services; and telehealth. All reviews included adult patients, and two reviews also included children. Interventions were frequently designed for older (often frail) patients or patients with chronic illness. One review included pregnant women at high risk for premature delivery. No reviews focused on factors linking patient vulnerability with social determinants of health. The reviews reported few details about hospital setting, context, or resources associated with the interventions studied. Evidence for effectiveness of interventions was generally not robust and often inconsistent—for example, we identified six reviews of discharge planning; three found no effect on LOS, two found LOS decreased, and one reported an increase. Many reviews also reported patient readmission rates and mortality but with similarly inconsistent results. Conclusions. A broad range of strategies have been employed to reduce LOS, but rigorous systematic reviews have not consistently demonstrated effectiveness within medically complex, high-risk, and vulnerable populations. Health system leaders, researchers, and policymakers must collaborate to address these needs.
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David, Raluca. Advancing gender equality and closing the gender digital gap: Three principles to support behavioural change policy and intervention. Digital Pathways at Oxford, marzo 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-dp-wp_2022/02.

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Worldwide, interventions and policies to improve gender equality or close gender gaps often struggle to reach their targets. For example, women lag considerably behind in use of even simple digital technologies such as mobile phones or the internet. In 2020, the gap in mobile internet use in low- and middle-income countries was at 15%, while in South Asian and Sub-Saharan African countries, it remained as high as 36% and 37% respectively (GSMA, 2021). Use of the internet for more complex activities shows an even wider gap. In Cairo, in 2018, only 21% of female internet users gained economically, and only 7% were able to voice their opinions online (with similar statistics for India, Indonesia, Kenya, Uganda and Colombia, Sambuli et al., 2018). This is despite the fact that empowering women through digital technologies is central to global gender equality strategies (e.g. Sustainable Development Goals, United Nations, 2015), and is believed to facilitate economic growth and industry-level transformation (International Monetary Fund, 2020). Progress is slow because behaviours are gendered: there are stark dissociations between what women and men do – or are expected to do. These dissociations are deeply entrenched by social norms, to the extent that interventions to change them face resistance or can even backfire. Increasingly, governments are using behavioural change interventions in a bid to improve public policy outcomes, while development or gender organisations are using behavioural change programmes to shift gender norms. However, very little is known about how gendered social norms impact the digital divide, or how to use behavioural interventions to shift these norms. Drawing on several research papers that look at the gender digital gap, this brief examines why behavioural change is difficult, and how it could be implemented more effectively. This brief is addressed to policymakers, programme co-ordinators in development organisations, and strategy planners in gender equality interventions who are interested in ways to accelerate progress on gender equality, and close the gender digital gap. The brief offers a set of principles on which to base interventions, programmes and strategies to change gendered behaviours. The principles in this brief were developed as part of a programme of research into ways to close the gender digital gap.
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Masset, Edoardo. Combining economic modelling and randomised controlled trials: An unexploited synergyCombining economic modelling and randomised controlled trials: An unexploited synergy. A cura di Radhika Menon. Centre of Excellence for Development Impact and Learning (CEDIL), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51744/cmb3.

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Over the last decade, many researchers have conducted randomised trials alongside economic models. The work of these researchers has shown that both approaches are strengthened by their combined use and the conclusions they lead to are full of policy implications. In the latest CEDIL Methods Brief, Edoardo Masset, Research Director, CEDIL Programme, uses three examples to offer tips on the application of modelling to evaluate development interventions and explore various policy questions. The brief shows that models and experiments should be seen as complementary, rather than as alternative approaches. This brief is based on the CEDIL Inception Paper No. 9, Structural Modelling in Policy Making, by Orazio Attanasio and Debbie Blair. This paper is available on the CEDIL website.
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Brinkerhoff, Derick W., e Anna Wetterberg. Governance and Sector Outcomes: Making the Connections. RTI Press, settembre 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2018.pb.0019.1809.

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A critical issue in international development is how donor-funded programs can support sustainable and long-lasting changes in assisted countries. Among the factors associated with sustainability is improved governance. However, many donor-funded initiatives are focused on achieving results in specific sectors, such as health, education, and agriculture. How can how governance interventions contribute to achieving sector-specific results? This brief explores this question and discusses how international development practice has incorporated recognition of the links between governance and sector outcomes. The brief develops a stylized continuum of how governance elements relate to sector interventions and contribute to expected outcomes. We discuss factors that either impede or impel governance integration and close with some observations regarding prospects for integrated programming. The audience for the brief is the international development policy and practitioner communities, and secondarily, academics with an interest in the topic. Key take-aways include: (1) there is ample evidence of positive contributions from improved governance to sector-specific outcomes, but few guideposts exist for practical and effective governance integration; (2) barriers to integration include urgent sector priorities that overshadow governance concerns, requirements to demonstrate progress towards ambitious sector targets, and complex choices related to measurement; and (3) sustainability and self-reliance are major drivers for integration and are facilitated by the flexibility and adaptation that governance integration enables.
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Bruce, Judith, e Shelley Clark. The implications of early marriage for HIV/AIDS policy. Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy22.1000.

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This brief is based on a background paper prepared for the WHO/UNFPA/Population Council Technical Consultation on Married Adolescents, held in Geneva, Switzerland, December 9–12, 2003. The final paper is entitled “Including married adolescents in adolescent reproductive health and HIV/AIDS policy.” The consultation brought together experts from the United Nations, donors, and nongovernmental agencies to consider the evidence regarding married adolescent girls’ reproductive health, vulnerability to HIV infection, social and economic disadvantage, and rights. The relationships to major policy initiatives—including safe motherhood, HIV, adolescent sexual and reproductive health, and reproductive rights—were explored, and emerging findings from the still relatively rare programs that are directed at this population were discussed. Married adolescent girls are outside the conventionally defined research interests, policy diagnosis, and basic interventions that have underpinned adolescent reproductive health programming and many HIV/AIDS prevention activities. They are an isolated, often numerically large, and extremely vulnerable segment of the population, largely untouched by current intervention strategies. As stated in this brief, promoting later marriage, to at least age 18, and shoring up protection options within marriage may be essential means of stemming the epidemic.
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Kumar, Avni, Jeremy Kohlitz e Juliet Willetts. Mainstreaming Climate Risks into Rural Sanitation Programming in Lao PDR. Institute of Development Studies, novembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2022.022.

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Despite climate change being a major concern for the sanitation sector, rural sanitation remains neglected in the wider discussions of climate impacts on WASH services. Also, the voices of vulnerable individuals, households, and communities who are experiencing the effects of climate change in relation to sanitation issues are missing. This learning brief presents learnings from a practitioner’s experience of integrating climate risk considerations into a Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) programme. The interventions were piloted across three districts of Savannakhet province with a focus on villages that have frequently experienced heavy rainfall and flooding in the past. The learning brief is intended to provide inspiration and ideas to WASH experts and practitioners with interest in integrating considerations of climate change into rural sanitation programming.
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Jones, Theresa, e Elisabeth Storer. Key Considerations: Adherence to COVID-19 Preventive Measures in Greater Kampala, Uganda. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), marzo 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2022.005.

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This brief sets out key considerations for risk communications and community engagement (RCCE) to promote adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures in greater Kampala, Uganda. It looks at adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures, assesses the challenges to their adoption and outlines key considerations for partners working in RCCE and the wider COVID-19 emergency response. The brief responds to concern (as of March 2022) about COVID-19 transmission in informal urban areas in Uganda due to their high population density, limited sanitary infrastructure, and reported low uptake of vaccination. Ensuring effective communication and engagement with a series of preventative measures is essential in limiting the spread of COVID-19. The Ministry of Health and response partners have been proactive, however interventions and guidance for COVID-19 have taken limited account of social science research about the perceptions and practices related to COVID-19 regulations. This brief aims to address this gap so these data may be used to inform more effective and practicable guidance for vulnerable groups. This brief draws primarily on an analysis of existing scientific and grey literature. Additional primary data was collected through consultation with six social science and RCCE experts who focus on this geographical area. The brief was requested by UNICEF Uganda in consultation with the Uganda Ministry of Health (MoH) RCCE subcommittee and the RCCE technical working group for the Eastern and South Africa region (ESAR). It was developed for SSHAP by Theresa Jones (Anthrologica) and supported by Elizabeth Storer (London School of Economics), with contributions and reviews by colleagues at Anthrologica, the Institute of Development Studies (IDS), UNICEF ESARO and Uganda, Makerere University, the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Dreamline Products and the IFRC.
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