Bibliografie tematiche / Brain injury

Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Brain injury"

Autore: Grafiati
Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021
Ultima modifica: 11 marzo 2023

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Brain injury"

1

Adelson, P. David. "Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury : Present and Future Considerations in Management(Traumatic Brain Injury: Recent Advances)". Japanese Journal of Neurosurgery 19, n. 3 (2010): 196–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.7887/jcns.19.196.

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Kamalifar, Amir, Firooz Salehpoor, Farhad Mirzaii e Samar Kamalifar. "Stab Brain Injury: A Case Report". Journal of Surgical Case Reports and Images 4, n. 6 (30 agosto 2021): 01–03. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2690-1897/086.

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Abstract (sommario):
Penetrating foreign object rare cause of brain injury, and have high mortality and morbidity rate among traumatic brain injury, surgery and management of this patient challenged and need high experience health care system, we introduced 29 years old man admitted with stab brain injury to emergency department
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Volovitzr, Ilan. "Neuropsychological Assessment of Traumatic Brain Injury". Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery 2, n. 2 (20 aprile 2018): 01–02. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2578-8868/028.

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van den Pol, Anthony N. "Brain Trauma Enhances Transient Cytomegalovirus Invasion of the Brain Only in Mice That Are Immunodeficient". Journal of Virology 83, n. 1 (22 ottobre 2008): 420–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01728-08.

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ABSTRACT Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the most common viral pathogens leading to neurological dysfunction in individuals with depressed immune systems. How CMV enters the brain remains an open question. The hypothesis that brain injury may enhance the entrance of CMV into the brain was tested. Insertion of a sterile needle into the brain caused a dramatic increase in mouse CMV in the brains of immunodeficient SCID mice inoculated peripherally within an hour of injury and examined 1 week later; peripheral inoculation 48 h after injury and a 1-week survival resulted in only a modest infection at the site of injury. In contrast, uninjured SCID mice, as well as injured immunocompetent control mice, showed little sign of viral infection at the same time intervals. Direct inoculation of the brain resulted in widespread dispersal and enhanced replication of mCMV in SCID brains tested 1 week later but not in parallel control brains. Differential viremia was unlikely to account for the greater viral load in the SCID brain, since increased mCMV in the blood of SCID compared to controls was not detected until a longer interval. These data suggest that brain injury enhances CMV invasion of the brain, but only when the adaptive immune system is compromised, and that the brain's ability to resist viral infection recovers rapidly after injury.
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Dries, David J. "Brain Injury". Shock 18, n. 1 (luglio 2002): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00024382-200207000-00020.

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Perna, Robert. "Brain Injury". Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation 21, n. 1 (gennaio 2006): 82–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001199-200601000-00009.

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Garber, James C., e Carl R. Boyd. "Brain injury". Current Surgery 57, n. 2 (marzo 2000): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0149-7944(00)00160-4.

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Olver, John H. "Brain injury". Current Opinion in Neurology 8, n. 6 (dicembre 1995): 443–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00019052-199512000-00008.

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Soares, Holly, e Tracy K. McIntosh. "Fetal Cortical Transplants in Adult Rats Subjected to Experimental Brain Injury". Journal of Neural Transplantation and Plasticity 2, n. 3-4 (1991): 207–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/np.1991.207.

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Fetal cortical tissue was injected into injured adult rat brains following concussive fluid percussion (FP) brain injury. Rats subjected to moderate FP injury received E16 cortex transplant injections into lesioned motor cortex 2 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks post injury. Histological assessment of transplant survival and integration was based upon Nissl staining, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunocytochemistry, and staining for acetylcholinesterase. In addition to histological analysis, the ability of the transplants to attenuate neurological motor deficits associated with concussive FP brain injury was also tested. Three subgroups of rats receiving transplant 1 week, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks post injury Were chosen for evaluation of neurological motor function. Fetal cortical tissue injected into the injury site 4 weeks post injury failed to incorporate with injured host brain, did not affect glial scar formation, and exhibited extensive GFAP immunoreactivity. No improvement in neurological motor function was observed in animals receiving transplants 4 weeks post injury. Conversely, transplants injected 2 days, 1 week, or 2 weeks post injury survived, incorporated with host brain, exhibited little GFAP immunoreactivity, and successfully attenuated glial scarring. However, no significant improvement in motor function was observed at the one week or two week time points. The inability of the transplants to attenuate motor function may indicate inappropriate host/transplant interaction. Our results demonstrate that there exists a temporal window in which fetal cortical transplants can attenuate glial scarring as well as be successfully incorporated into host brains following FP injury.
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Maria, Dalamagka. "Mild Brain Injury". Journal of Anesthesia and Anesthetic Drugs 2, n. 1 (2 marzo 2022): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.54289/jaad2200103.

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The risk of developing an addiction to alcohol, tobacco, or drugs increases in the period immediately following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) but decreases over time, new research shows. The historical prospective study showed that in the short-term, individuals with mTBI had a significantly increased risk for alcohol dependence, nicotine dependence, and nondependent abuse of drugs or alcohol compared with a similarly injured non-mTBI comparison group. "Our findings suggest an increased risk for incidence of alcohol dependence, nondependent abuse of drugs or alcohol, and nicotine dependence during the first 30 days following mild TBI and a risk thereafter for alcohol dependence for at least 6 months after injury," the authors, led by Shannon C. Miller, MD, from the Veterans Affairs Medical Centre, Cincinnati, Ohio, write.
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Tesi sul tema "Brain injury"

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Keller, Kristen Jo. "Challenges to Secondary Brain Injury Prevention in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/338712.

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BACKGROUND/AIMS: Inconsistency in the use of secondary brain injury prevention guidelines among US trauma centers after severe traumatic brain injury is prevalent in many literature sources. However, this phenomenon has not been thoroughly studied. The purpose of this DNP project is to identify the key barriers and challenges in compliance to the evidence-based guidelines for secondary brain injury prevention. DESIGN: An exploratory, emergent design was used to collect descriptive qualitative data through the use of a survey. SETTING: Six Phoenix Metropolitan Level 1 trauma centers. PARTICIPANTS: All survey participants who consented to survey completion, which had greater than six months of experience and directly worked with patients suffering from a severe TBI in the clinical setting. MEASUREMENTS: Participant demographics (work experience, area of work, job title), current awareness and use of Brain Trauma Foundation guidelines, and time duration for evidence based order set implementation. Narrative responses were also used to identify barriers to current use of the BTF guidelines and factors that may promote their use in the future. RESULTS: A total of 43 participants consented to the survey study, with completion by 35 participants. RNs (n=27), Physicians (n=2), NPs or PAs (n=5), with an average work experience of 6 to 14 years (42.86%). A total of n=22 (62%) of participants were unaware of the current BTF guidelines for severe TBI and only 25% (n=9) aware that their facility has a protocol based on the BTF guidelines for severe TBI, while 51% (n=18) were unsure if their facility had a protocol. Barriers were identified in narrative form and were consistent with awareness/education, provider congruence, communication, and order set/protocol process improvement. CONCLUSION: The understanding of current patient management for severe TBI based on the BTF guidelines is sporadic among the greater Phoenix area Level 1 trauma centers. Requiring proof of BTF guidelines compliance by the ACS at time of Level 1 certification may increase the consistent recommended use of the BTF guidelines for the care of severe TBIs.
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Abson, Jeanne Anne. "Grief following brain injury : a validation of the Brain Injury Grief Inventory". Thesis, Bangor University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.409238.

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McGrath, Joanna Ruth. "Fear following brain injury". Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325266.

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Casey, Rebecca. "An exploration of brain injury : from the dependent child to the brain injury survivor". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2015. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/76997/.

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CHAPTER ONE: The literature review critically evaluates research that has explored the psychological impact of parental acquired brain injury (ABI) on children. The review identifies a number of factors that affect the psychological well-being of children, including both adverse and protective factors. Evidence from the studies reviewed indicates that children are vulnerable to experiencing a range of emotional and behavioural difficulties following parental ABI. Clinical implications of the review findings are discussed, and directions for future research considered. CHAPTER TWO: The empirical paper aimed to explore the role of mutual support in Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) survivors’ reformation of their identity among individuals attending a mutual support group. Using a Grounded Theory approach, a model of the participants experience was developed. The core category reflected how participants regained a sense of self through getting to know the “new” me. Five conceptual categories were identified in relation to identity formation: pre-injury self, comparison with others; accessing the social world of brain injury; purpose and self-efficacy; and acceptance of the post-injury self. The findings highlight a potentially important role for mutual support in identity reformation following TBI and implications for brain injury rehabilitation programmes are discussed. CHAPTER THREE: The third paper presents my personal and professional reflections of the research process and how my views have changed over the course of training. To illustrate these changes, elements of the grounded theory model proposed in the empirical paper (Chapter 2) have been applied to my own experiences. It is hoped that this approach will evidence my experience and exploration of getting to know the scientist-practitioner.
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Butler, Mary, e n/a. "Care ethics and brain injury". University of Otago. Department of Philosophy, 2008. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20080214.134301.

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It is generally supposed that a supportive family can have an influence on outcomes for an adult with severe brain injury, but there is very little known about what effective families actually do. In this research the families of five such individuals were involved in an ethnographic project that lasted for one year. The literature review brought together insights from brain injury, care ethics, disability studies and anthropology. These insights were combined with a process of reflective equilibrium that was applied to the ethnographic material in order to determine the ethics of the carers. Ethics of care in this setting was conceived of as a positive practice ethic, rather than as a series of negative conundrums posed by the brain injury. The practice ethic shared by carers meant that they all conceived of the need created by brain injury in humanistic terms, rather than in terms of pathology. Carers demonstrated virtues appropriate to their practice as they helped the adult with brain injury to connect with aspects of ordinary life. The best outcomes for the adult with brain injury included being able to engage in productive activity and to make a place in the world. These outcomes could only be achieved with due regard for their safety and subsistence. The practice ethic of carers was demonstrated in the skills and concern that ensured a satisfactory outcome for the adult with brain injury. This research is a departure from recent research about families affected by brain injury, which has focused on the burden involved in care. An examination of what carers achieve suggests that burden may be associated with the development of caring practice. The transformative capacity of care, for both the carer and the adult with brain injury, is emphasized. However contextual factors, such as adequate compensation, are connected to the capacity of the carer to engage in good practice and these are explored also in this thesis. In particular, relevant aspects of the relationship between families and the Accident Compensation Corporation are explored.
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Thurston, Roy J. "Brain injury, memory and learning". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0024/NQ49543.pdf.

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Force, Lisa Marie. "Traumatic brain injury and acidosis /". view abstract or download text of file, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/3913.

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Lawson, Clare Helena. "Outcome from minor brain injury". Thesis, University of Southampton, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243071.

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Singh, Rajiv K. "Depression after traumatic brain injury". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/18730/.

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Background Depression is known to be common after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and associated with worse functional and psychosocial outcomes. However, there remains considerable uncertainty over the exact prevalence of the condition. Aims The aim of this study was to accurately assess the prevalence of post TBI depression and its changes over a period of one year. The associated demographic and injury features were also examined for possible association with risk of depression in the hope that those with higher susceptibility to depression may be identified. Methods The study population was a prospective cohort of TBI admissions to a teaching hospital emergency department over a two year period. Minimal exclusions were applied in order to recruit a representative TBI population who were then assessed in a specialist brain injury clinic at ten weeks and at one year post injury. Demographic and injury features were recorded to establish links with risk of depression which was recorded with a HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). Results Over a two year period, 774 individuals were recruited of whom 690 attended one year follow-up and 38 had died. Only 6% of the cohort was lost to follow-up after one year. The prevalence of depression at ten weeks was 56.3% [95% CI 52.8-59.8] and at one year 41.2% [95% CI 37.6-44.9] A multivariable analysis identified the independent predictors of depression; at ten weeks these were TBI severity, abnormal CT scan, past psychiatric history, alcohol intoxication at the time of injury, female gender and non-white ethnicity. At one year the independent predictors were; abnormal CT scan, past psychiatric history, alcohol intoxication at the time of injury and female gender. TBI severity was no longer significant. Features such as injury aetiology, social isolation, age, length of stay and medical comorbidity were not associated with depression risk. All other outcome measures in the study, including psychosocial function, symptom severity and global overall outcome showed very high correlations with depression. Discussion The prevalence of depression is very high after TBI and associated with a number of injury features. While the prevalence drops over a year it still remains considerably elevated. There is also evidence that features related to the injury itself, such as TBI severity, become less significant in long term outcome compared to the initial period. It is possible that other psychosocial features such as personality and coping mechanisms are more important in determining long term outcome than injury features such as severity and aetiology. Some population features have been identified that may allow targeting of susceptible populations for intervention. The close correlations between all 4 outcome measures including depression suggest that they might be measuring a similar construct of emotional distress. Future work will seek to reassess the prevalence of depression at three or five years as well as associated features, re-examining the relationship between various outcomes and use of interventions and treatments, especially in targeting at risk individuals.
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Perel, Pablo Andraes. "Prognosis in traumatic brain injury". Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2009. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/1635515/.

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Introduction: The general purpose of this thesis was to study prognosis in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients, with the aim of providing useful and practical information in clinical practice and clinical research. The specific objectives were: to develop and validate practical prognostic models for TBI patients and to assess the validity of the Modified Oxford Handicap Scale (mOHS) for predicting disability at six months. Methods: A survey was first conducted to understand the importance of prognostic information among physicians. A systematic review of prognostic models for TBI patients was then carried out. Prognostic models were developed using data from a cohort of 10,008 TBI patients (CRASH trial) and validated in a cohort of 8,509 TBI patients (IMPACT study). Two focus groups and a survey were conducted to develop a paper-based prognostic score card. The correlation between the mOHS and the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) was assessed, the validity of different mOHS dichotomies was assessed, and the discriminative ability of the mOHS to predict GOS was evaluated. Results: Doctors considered prognostic information to be very important in the clinical management of TBI patients, and believed that an accurate prognostic model would change their current clinical practice. Many prognostic models for TBI have been published, but they have many methodological flaws which limit their validity. Valid prognostic models for patients from high income countries and low & middle income .countries were developed and made available as a web calculator, and as a paper based score card. The mOHS was strongly correlated with and was predictive of GOS at six months. Conclusion: The prognostic models developed are valid and practical to use in the clinical setting. The association between mOHS and GOS suggest that the mOHS could be used for interim analysis in randomised clinical trials in TBI patients, for dealing with loss to follow-up, or could be used as simple tool to inform patients and relatives about their prognosis at hospital discharge.
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Libri sul tema "Brain injury"

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Clark, Robert S. B., e Patrick Kochanek, a cura di. Brain Injury. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1721-4.

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Ellen, Maitson, Gray Loretta S, Cleary Gail e Edmonton Brain Injury Relearning Society., a cura di. Brain injury basics: Community based rehabilitation and brain injury. [Edmonton]: Edmonton Brain Injury Relearning Society, 2001.

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Alan, Hopewell C. Brain injury rehabilitation: Adaptive driving after traumatic brain injury. 2a ed. Houston, Tex: HDI Publishers, 1996.

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Zasler, Nathan D., David B. Arciniegas, Douglas I. Katz, Ross D. Zafonte, M. Ross Bullock, Flora M. Hammond, Jeffrey S. Kreutzer, Risa Nakase-Richardson e Thomas K. Watanabe, a cura di. Brain Injury Medicine. 3a ed. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/9780826143051.

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Honeybul, Stephen, e Angelos G. Kolias, a cura di. Traumatic Brain Injury. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78075-3.

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Berwick, Donald, Katherine Bowman e Chanel Matney, a cura di. Traumatic Brain Injury. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17226/25394.

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Tsao, Jack W., a cura di. Traumatic Brain Injury. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22436-3.

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Tsao, Jack W., a cura di. Traumatic Brain Injury. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-87887-4.

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Vos, Pieter E., e Ramon Diaz-Arrastia, a cura di. Traumatic Brain Injury. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118656303.

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Elbaum, Jean, a cura di. Acquired Brain Injury. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16613-7.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Brain injury"

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Siefferman, Jason W., e Rosanna C. Sabini. "Brain Injury". In Rehab Clinical Pocket Guide, 3–49. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5419-9_1.

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Wideman, Timothy H., Michael J. L. Sullivan, Shuji Inada, David McIntyre, Masayoshi Kumagai, Naoya Yahagi, J. Rick Turner et al. "Brain Injury". In Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 252. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_100207.

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Roy, Eric. "Brain, Injury". In Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 299–301. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39903-0_1102.

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Wideman, Timothy H., Michael J. L. Sullivan, Shuji Inada, David McIntyre, Masayoshi Kumagai, Naoya Yahagi, J. Rick Turner et al. "Brain, Injury". In Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 260–62. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_1102.

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Alves, Óscar L., e Ross Bullock. "Excitotoxic Damage in Traumatic Brain Injury". In Brain Injury, 1–36. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1721-4_1.

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Zhang, Xiaopeng, Margaret A. Satchell, Robert S. B. Clark, Paula D. Nathaniel, Patrick M. Kochanek e Steven H. Graham. "Apoptosis". In Brain Injury, 199–230. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1721-4_10.

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Tasker, Robert C. "Ischemia-Induced Ionic Mechanisms of Injury in the Developing Brain". In Brain Injury, 231–48. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1721-4_11.

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Huh, Jimmy W., Mark A. Helfaer, Tracy K. McIntosh e Kathryn E. Saatman. "Neurocytoskeletal Changes Following Traumatic Brain Injury". In Brain Injury, 249–65. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1721-4_12.

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Kline, Anthony E., Larry W. Jenkins, Hong Q. Yan e C. Edward Dixon. "Neurotransmitter and Growth Factor Alterations in Functional Deficits and Recovery Following Traumatic Brain Injury". In Brain Injury, 267–94. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1721-4_13.

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Alkayed, Nabil J., Michael M. Wang e Patricia D. Hurn. "Reproductive Hormones as Neuroprotectants in Brain Injury". In Brain Injury, 295–315. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1721-4_14.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Brain injury"

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Zhang, Liying, King H. Yang e Albert I. King. "A Proposed New Brain Injury Tolerance for Minor Traumatic Brain Injury". In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/amd-25446.

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Abstract Traumatic brain injuries constitute a significant portion of injury resulting from automotive collisions, motorcycle crashes, and sports collisions. Brain injuries not only represent a serious trauma for those involved but also place an enormous burden on society, often exacting a heavy economical, social, and emotional price. Development of intervention strategies to prevent or minimize these injuries requires a complete understanding of injury mechanism, response and tolerance level. In this study, an attempt is made to delineate actual injury causation and establish a meaningful injury criterion through the use of the actual field accident data. Twenty-four actual field head-to-head collisions that occurred in professional football games were duplicated using a validated finite element human head model. The injury predictors and injury levels were analyzed based on resulting brain tissue responses and were correlated with the site and occurrence of MTBI. Prediction indicated that the shear deformation around the brainstem region could be an injury predictor for concussion. Statistical analyses were performed to establish the new brain injury tolerance level and to further reduce brain injury severity.
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Dolle, Jean-Pierre, Rene Schloss e Martin L. Yarmush. "Simulating Diffuse Axonal Injury During Traumatic Brain Injury Events". In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53414.

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Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBI) affect up to 1.5 million people annually within the United States with as many as 250,000 being hospitalized and 50,000 dying [1]. TBI events occur when the brain experiences a sudden trauma such as a rapid acc/deceleration. These events produce high inertial forces that result in a shearing or elongation of axons (commonly known as Diffuse Axonal Injury [2].
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Pillai, Nikhil, Abani Patra e Ehsan Esfahani. "Modeling Post-Impact Injury Propagation in Traumatic Brain Injury". In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-60444.

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In this paper, we investigate the effect of mechanical deformation during original impact on the propagation of bleeds during traumatic brain injury (TBI). For this purpose, we have developed a numerical framework that considers Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI) of a rat subjected to TBI modelled using controlled cortical impact (CCI). Using the MRI images of first day of impact a solid model of brain is developed and strains during impact are estimated using the finite element tool LSDyna. It was observed that the actual propagation of blood obtained from day 14 MRI data closely resembles the one developed by solving a time dependent advection equation with advection rates proportional to the strain estimates during impact from LSDyna. This numerical framework holds promise that with proper calibration and validation it can be used to predict the possible propagation of blood post-impact and therefore may be used to inform treatment protocols for such patients.
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Kim, Dong-Joo. "Neuromonitoring in acquired brain injury". In 2015 3rd International Winter Conference on Brain-Computer Interface (BCI). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iww-bci.2015.7073034.

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Taleb, L., M. J. Brown e M. M. Sadeghi. "Towards the Development of a Comprehensive HIC: Predicted Injury – Brain Material Dependency". In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0952.

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Abstract This study proposes a systematic computer simulation technique, using strain as a criterion to assess the severity of brain damage under rotational loading, in particular diffuse axonal injury (DAI). A plane strain model representing realistically a section of the brain in the frontal plane (coronal section) is used in this investigation. The Brain-Skull interface has been modelled using a new representation, allowing the brain to move in a true bio-fidelic way, as well as taking into account the damping role of the Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF), which acts as a buoy forming a protective cushion around the brain. Based on accident reconstruction data from the literature, the model is validated against the injury observed on the victims. Furthermore, this study proposes a parametric study of brain material properties to assess their effect on the brains’ dynamic response and suggests a new injury criterion for the DAI. It appears that the need to develop a comprehensive head injury criterion (CHIC) which takes into account head injuries caused by non-direct impact or by inertial loading becomes crucial.
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Darvish, Kurosh, e James Stone. "Changes in Viscoelastic Properties of Brain Tissue Due to Traumatic Injury". In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-60849.

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In this study, changes in viscoelastic material properties of brain tissue due to traumatic axonal injury (TAI) were investigated. The impact acceleration model was used to generate diffuse axonal injury in rat brain. TAI in the corticospinal (CSpT) tract in the brain stem was quantified using amyloid precursor protein immunostaining. Material properties along the CSpT were determined using an indentation technique. The results showed that the number of injured axons at the pyramidal decussation (PDx) was approximated 10 times higher than in the ponto-medullary junction (PmJ). The instantaneous elastic response was reduced approximately 70% at PDx compared to 40% at PmJ and the relaxation was uniformly reduced approximately 30%, which were attributed to the effect of injury on tissue properties. Application of a visco-elastic-plastic model that changes due to TAI can significantly alter the results of computational models of brain injury.
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Shafiee, Abbas, Mohammad Taghi Ahmadian e Maryam Hoviattalab. "Traumatic Brain Injury Caused by +Gz Acceleration". In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-59021.

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has long been known as one of the most anonymous reasons for death around the world. This phenomenon has been under study for many years and yet it remains a question due to physiological, geometrical and computational complexity. Although the modeling facilities for soft tissue have improved, the precise CT-imaging of human head has revealed novel details of the brain, skull and meninges. In this study a 3D human head including the brain, skull, and meninges is modeled using CT-scan and MRI data of a 30-year old human. This model is named “Sharif University of Technology Head Trauma Model (SUTHTM)”. By validating SUTHTM, the model is then used to study the effect of +Gz acceleration on the human brain. Damage threshold based on loss of consciousness in terms of acceleration and time duration is developed using Maximum Brain Pressure criteria. Results revealed that the Max. Brain Pressure ≥3.1 are representation of loss of consciousness. 3D domains for the loss of consciousness are based on Max. Brain Pressure is developed.
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Abolfathi, Nabi, Abhai Naik, Mahdi Sotudeh, Ghodrat Karami e Mariusz Ziejewski. "Diffuse Axonal Injury and Degradation in Mechanical Characteristics of Brain White Matter". In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192251.

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Diffuse Axonal Injury (DAI) can happen due to sudden motions of head and is one of the major causes of fatality and severe disabilities. To study DAI, any change in material characteristics of brain tissue post injury needs to be well understood. In this study, the focus will be on changes in the viscoelastic material properties of white mater in the brain due to DAI resulting in axonal disconnections. Using a micromechanics fibrous composite modeling for white mater, we have developed an algorithm to analyze the effect of discontinuity due to breakage of axons inside the surrounded matrix. Repeated unit cell (RUC) was assumed to represent the axonal distribution within the extracellular matrix. Relaxation test were conducted for characterization of the viscoelastic behavior. The result of this study provides a modeling technique for characterization of injured brain tissue in white mater and proposes necessity of including the appropriate post injury axonal mechanical properties. These findings can improve the understanding of injury from mechanical perspective and help in predicting vulnerability of any such injured tissue against further injuries.
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Bale, Gemma, Subhabrata Mitra, Isabel de Roever, Judith Meek, Nicola Robertson e Ilias Tachtsidis. "Illuminating Metabolism: Investigating Neonatal Brain Injury with Broadband Near-Infrared Spectroscopy". In Optics and the Brain. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/brain.2019.bw4a.1.

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Salsabilian, Shiva, Elena Bibineyshvili, David J. Margolis e Laleh Najafizadeh. "Study of Functional Network Topology Alterations after Injury via Embedding Methods". In Optics and the Brain. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/brain.2020.bw4c.3.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Brain injury"

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Terpsma, Ryan, e Chad Hovey. Blunt Impact Brain Injury using Cellular Injury Criterion. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), ottobre 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1716577.

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Paul, Satashree. Concussion and the Brain Injury. Science Repository, marzo 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/sr.blog.28.

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Najm, Imad. Deep Brain Stimulation of Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, ottobre 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada548984.

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Aaron Seitz, Aaron Seitz. Can brain training help soldiers with brain injury regain hearing? Experiment, giugno 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/2793.

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Dichter, Marc A. Preventing Epilepsy After Traumatic Brain Injury. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, febbraio 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada485727.

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Dichter, Marc A. Preventing Epilepsy After Traumatic Brain Injury. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, febbraio 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada452227.

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Dichter, Marc A. Preventing Epilepsy After Traumatic Brain Injury. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, febbraio 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada506626.

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Dichter, Marc A. Preventing Epilepsy after Traumatic Brain Injury. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, febbraio 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada468565.

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Nudo, Randolph. A Brain-Machine-Brain Interface for Rewiring of Cortical Circuitry after Traumatic Brain Injury. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, settembre 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada561375.

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Nudo, Randolph J. A Brain-Machine-Brain Interface for Rewiring of Cortical Circuitry after Traumatic Brain Injury. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, settembre 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada570590.

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